Annotation of doc/tutorial/tutorial.lyx, revision 1.7
1.1 bowersj2 1: #LyX 1.1 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
2: \lyxformat 218
3: \textclass article
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7: \language english
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1.1 bowersj2 22: \secnumdepth 3
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25: \defskip medskip
26: \quotes_language english
27: \quotes_times 2
28: \papercolumns 1
29: \papersides 1
1.5 bowersj2 30: \paperpagestyle headings
1.1 bowersj2 31:
32: \layout Title
33:
1.3 bowersj2 34: Learning
1.1 bowersj2 35: \emph on
36: Online
37: \emph default
38: Network with CAPA
1.3 bowersj2 39: \newline
40:
41: \emph on
42: \SpecialChar ~
43:
44: \newline
45:
46: \size larger
47: Author's Tutorial And Manual
1.1 bowersj2 48: \layout Standard
1.2 bowersj2 49: \added_space_top vfill \align center
50: \SpecialChar ~
51:
52: \layout Standard
53: \align center
1.6 bowersj2 54: John Williamson, Felicia Berryman, Jeremy Bowers
1.2 bowersj2 55: \layout Standard
56:
57: \SpecialChar ~
58:
59: \layout Standard
60: \pagebreak_bottom \align center
1.1 bowersj2 61: Laboratory for Instructional Technology in Education
62: \newline
63: and the
64: \newline
65: Office of Medical Education Research and Development
66: \newline
67: Michigan State University
68: \newline
69:
70: \layout Standard
71: \pagebreak_bottom
72:
73: \begin_inset LatexCommand \tableofcontents{}
74:
75: \end_inset
76:
77:
78: \layout Section
79:
80: Introduction to LON-CAPA
81: \layout Comment
82:
1.5 bowersj2 83: This is a comment that will not show in any other rendering of this document.
1.1 bowersj2 84: I will use them to document my observations as I work through this tutorial.
85: \layout Comment
86:
87: Imagine a big
88: \begin_inset Quotes eld
89: \end_inset
90:
91: IMHO
92: \begin_inset Quotes erd
93: \end_inset
94:
95: on all of these comments; I'm just going to give you my comments straight
96: out.
97: I'm not attached to them and won't be offended by anything you say or do
98: about them.
99: \layout Standard
100:
101: LON-CAPA is a web-based interface that helps to organize and present your
1.5 bowersj2 102: course website, deliver and manage problems, and manage student enrollment.
1.6 bowersj2 103: All author functions are done through a web browser (Netscape 4.x or higher,
104: a recent Mozilla, or IE 5+ required).
1.1 bowersj2 105: \layout Standard
106:
107: At this time, you should have:
108: \layout Itemize
109:
110: developed your objectives for your course.
111:
112: \layout Itemize
113:
1.6 bowersj2 114: developed your problems for input into LON-CAPA and determined the appropriate
115: question formats.
1.3 bowersj2 116: \layout Subsection
117:
118: About This Manual
119: \layout Standard
120:
121: Throughout this manual, keywords and phrases literally present on the computer
122: screen will be referred to in
123: \series bold
124: bold type
125: \series default
126: .
1.4 bowersj2 127: Function names and scripts will be shown in a
128: \family typewriter
129: typewriter font
130: \family default
131: .
1.3 bowersj2 132: \layout Standard
133:
1.5 bowersj2 134: Much of this document can be used as a tutorial that will introduce you
135: to the authoring system.
136: In particular, chapters
1.3 bowersj2 137: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Author Interface}
138:
139: \end_inset
140:
141: through
142: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a Course}
143:
144: \end_inset
145:
1.5 bowersj2 146: comprise a basic tutorial that can get you started using LON-CAPA, even
147: with no previous LON-CAPA experience.
1.1 bowersj2 148: \layout Standard
149:
1.6 bowersj2 150: For additional help, visit our FAQ at
1.5 bowersj2 151: \family typewriter
152: http://help.loncapa.org/
153: \family default
1.6 bowersj2 154: .
1.1 bowersj2 155: \layout Section
156:
157: The LON-CAPA Author Interface
1.3 bowersj2 158: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Author Interface}
159:
160: \end_inset
161:
162:
1.1 bowersj2 163: \layout Subsection
164:
165: Login as Course Author
166: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Course Author}
167:
168: \end_inset
169:
170:
171: \layout Standard
172:
173: To begin using LON-CAPA, you first need to log in to your account on LON-CAPA.
1.5 bowersj2 174: Open your web browser and navigate to your local LON-CAPA URL.
1.1 bowersj2 175: You will be presented with a log in screen as in figure
176: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{LON-CAPA Log in screen}
177:
178: \end_inset
179:
180: .
181:
182: \begin_float fig
183: \layout Standard
184: \align center
185:
186: \begin_inset Figure size 297 234
187: file login.eps
188: width 3 50
189: flags 11
190:
191: \end_inset
192:
193:
1.2 bowersj2 194: \layout Caption
195:
196:
197: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{LON-CAPA Log in screen}
198:
199: \end_inset
200:
201: LON-CAPA Log in screen
1.1 bowersj2 202: \end_float
203: \layout Standard
204:
205: Fill in the Username and Password boxes with your information.
206: Then press the Login button.
207: This will take you to your LON-CAPA User Roles menu.
208: \layout Description
209:
1.3 bowersj2 210: Note: Your Username and Password will be given to you by your system administrat
211: or.
212: Both are case sensitive, so make sure you type them with the correct case.
1.1 bowersj2 213: \layout Subsection
214:
215:
216: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Author Remote Control}
217:
218: \end_inset
219:
220: Author Remote Control
221: \layout Comment
222:
223: Comment on the remote controls: I'll only mention this once, but imagine
224: this comment exists everywhere a remote control image is used.
225: The whole
226: \begin_inset Quotes eld
227: \end_inset
228:
229: remote control
230: \begin_inset Quotes erd
231: \end_inset
232:
233: metaphor is fundamentally flawed and probably can't be salvaged.
234: Why is it flawed?
235: \layout Comment
236:
237: \SpecialChar ~
238:
239: \layout Comment
240:
241: 1.
242: The remote control invokes a metaphor, that of remote controls.
243: However, remote controls are useful in the real world, despite the overwhelming
244: complexity of modern remotes, for three major reasons: One, they never,
245: ever, ever change.
246: Two, they provide immense amounts of tactile feedback, allowing one to
1.5 bowersj2 247: overcome the complexity of using one by putting the knowledge into motor
1.1 bowersj2 248: memory.
249: (There are equivalent usability principles in usability, as well; look
250: up Fitt's Law, for instance.) Three, they all basically do the same thing;
251: pick up an unfamiliar TV control and you at least know in advance there
252: will be numbers for channel changing, vol up and down, chan up and down,
253: mute, etc.
254: The remotes used in this system do not have any of these properties.
255: Remotes are actually horrid UI, because they are very, very difficult to
256: learn; they make up for it by being useful and persistent.
257: \layout Comment
258:
259: Further, remotes should *do* things.
260: This remote is like a remote that no matter what button you push, it invokes
261: a menu.
262: Most remotes have
263: \series bold
264: one
265: \series default
266: explicit
267: \begin_inset Quotes eld
268: \end_inset
269:
270: menu
271: \begin_inset Quotes erd
272: \end_inset
273:
274: button to invoke a menu that has all the feature that aren't worth valuable
275: remote control space.
276: \layout Comment
277:
1.5 bowersj2 278: In fact, the metaphor is so unsuccessful that any moderately savvy Internet
1.1 bowersj2 279: user will almost immediately come to conceptualize the remote as just another
1.5 bowersj2 280: list of links, albeit a clumsy and inconvenient one.
1.1 bowersj2 281: Why not give them that in the first place?
282: \layout Comment
283:
284: \SpecialChar ~
285:
286: \layout Comment
287:
288: 2.
289: Even the simplest
290: \begin_inset Quotes eld
291: \end_inset
292:
293: remote
294: \begin_inset Quotes erd
295: \end_inset
296:
297: I see in the tutorial has eight buttons, which nearly immediately becomes
298: seventeen (!) buttons, all incomprehensible, and I didn't get a chance
299: to count during the interview, but I saw a remote flash by (student remote?
300: admin remote? that wouldn't matter as much) that had at least twenty, probably
301: 24 buttons, again, all or nearly all incomprehensible.
302: This is needlessly intimidating.
303: \layout Comment
304:
305: \SpecialChar ~
306:
307: \layout Comment
308:
309: 3.
1.5 bowersj2 310: By committing to this
1.1 bowersj2 311: \begin_inset Quotes eld
312: \end_inset
313:
314: remote control
315: \begin_inset Quotes erd
316: \end_inset
317:
318: layout, you commit to a remote control's layout limitations, except that
1.5 bowersj2 319: an actual remote control can get away with a 6pt or smaller font, or weird
1.1 bowersj2 320: specialized symbols, or whatnot.
321: I'm looking at a (real) remote control right now that manages to get
322: \begin_inset Quotes eld
323: \end_inset
324:
325: channel return
326: \begin_inset Quotes erd
327: \end_inset
328:
329: onto one button.
330: That whole phrase fits *twice* into the space the
331: \begin_inset Quotes eld
332: \end_inset
333:
334: ROLES
335: \begin_inset Quotes erd
336: \end_inset
337:
1.5 bowersj2 338: button takes up on my printout! So in actuality, you're committing to something
1.1 bowersj2 339: no sane remote control designer could deal with.
340: \layout Comment
341:
342: \SpecialChar ~
343:
344: \layout Comment
345:
346: 4.
347: Requiring the user to mouse over something to see what it does is not a
348: solution.
349: Limiting yourself to an 8 by 2 array of characters to explain yourself
350: compounds the problem even more.
351: (Another over-literal extension of the remote control metaphor.) Also, as
352: you may have observed, the accessibility of this is nil.
353:
354: \layout Comment
355:
356: \SpecialChar ~
357:
358: \layout Comment
359:
360: The upshot is that the only upside to the remote control is a moderately
361: pleasing graphic; the downsides are pretty much everything, up to and including
1.5 bowersj2 362: possible illegality under accessibility laws.
1.1 bowersj2 363: Unfortunately, I do not see any way to salvage any aspect of the remote
364: control; it's going to suck until it's replaced.
365: Pleasing graphics are relatively easy to come by nowadays; it should not
366: drive the design.
367: I'll admit (freely!) I'm not a graphics designer...
368: graphics designers aren't web developers (designers), either.
369: \layout Comment
370:
371: \SpecialChar ~
372:
373: \layout Comment
374:
1.3 bowersj2 375: We're data-mining the web logs to see what people actually use.
1.1 bowersj2 376: This is good.
377: We may need to do some really simple stuff before he finishes.
378: Raw statistics on what buttons are pressed most often can probably be interpret
379: ed easily enough for our purposes.
380: No matter what the final design is, it should emphasize the two or three
381: commands used day in and day out, as determined by empirical analysis,
382: and shuffle the other commands onto another sub menu or sub menus.
383: Then, use the additional space you'll have (even if you keep the same size
384: window) and actually *spell out* the options.
385:
386: \layout Standard
387:
388: The Author Remote Control, show in figure
389: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Author Remote Control Figure}
390:
391: \end_inset
392:
393: , will automatically load whenever you log in to LON-CAPA as the course
394: instructor.
1.6 bowersj2 395: The Author Remote Control is a separate window in your browser, and is
396: automatically sized and placed in the upper left of the screen.
1.1 bowersj2 397: The Remote Control is a tool that allows you to switch between functions
398: and roles within LON-CAPA.
1.2 bowersj2 399:
1.1 bowersj2 400: \begin_float fig
1.2 bowersj2 401: \layout Standard
402: \align center
1.1 bowersj2 403:
1.6 bowersj2 404: \begin_inset Figure size 180 420
1.2 bowersj2 405: file authorRemote.eps
406: height 3 50
407: flags 9
1.1 bowersj2 408:
409: \end_inset
410:
411:
1.2 bowersj2 412: \layout Caption
1.1 bowersj2 413:
1.2 bowersj2 414: Author Remote Control
415: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Author Remote Control Figure}
1.1 bowersj2 416:
417: \end_inset
418:
419:
420: \end_float
1.2 bowersj2 421: \layout Comment
422:
1.1 bowersj2 423: Of the eight choices on this menu, only two (ROLES and LOGOUT) make *any*
424: sort of sense on a first glance.
425: Abbreviations are evil in this sort of application and should be used as
426: a truly last resort.
427: \layout Standard
428:
429: When you move your mouse over the buttons in the remote, the sixteen gray
430: boxes will show a reminder of what that button does.
431: \layout Itemize
432:
433:
434: \series bold
435: ROLES (CHOOSE ROLE)
436: \series default
437: allows you to select which user role to assume for this session.
438: \layout Itemize
439:
440:
441: \series bold
442: COM (COMMUNICATION)
443: \series default
444: allows you to access the communication functions in the system.
445: \layout Itemize
446:
447:
448: \series bold
449: CUSR (USER ROLES)
450: \series default
451: brings up a page that allows you to create new users and change user privileges.
452: \layout Itemize
453:
454:
455: \series bold
456: CSTR (CONSTRUCT)
457: \series default
458: displays the construction space for your account.
459: \layout Itemize
460:
461:
462: \series bold
463: RES (RESOURCE SPACE)
464: \series default
465: allows you to browse the LON-CAPA network directory.
466: \layout Itemize
467:
468:
469: \series bold
1.6 bowersj2 470: SRC (SEARCH LIBRARY)
1.1 bowersj2 471: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 472: brings up a screen that lets you search the LON-CAPA resources using multiple
473: criteria.
1.1 bowersj2 474: \layout Itemize
475:
476:
477: \series bold
1.6 bowersj2 478: PREF (PREFERENCES)
1.1 bowersj2 479: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 480: brings up a screen that allows you to change some preferences.
1.1 bowersj2 481: \layout Itemize
482:
483:
484: \series bold
1.6 bowersj2 485: EXIT (LOGOUT)
1.1 bowersj2 486: \series default
487: will log you out of the LON-CAPA system.
488: \layout Section
489:
490: Creating Content Using LON-CAPA
491: \layout Standard
492:
493: LON-CAPA provides three types of resources for organizing your course website.
494: LON-CAPA refers to these resources as Content Pages, Problems, and Maps.
495: Maps may be either of two types: Sequences or Pages.
496: You will use these LON-CAPA resources to build the outline, or structure,
497: for the presentation of your course to your students.
498: \layout Itemize
499:
500: A
501: \series bold
502: Content Page
503: \series default
504:
505: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Content Page}
506:
507: \end_inset
508:
509: displays course content.
1.3 bowersj2 510: It is essentially a conventional HTML page.
1.5 bowersj2 511: These resources use the extension
512: \begin_inset Quotes eld
513: \end_inset
514:
515: .html
516: \begin_inset Quotes erd
517: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 518:
1.5 bowersj2 519: .
1.1 bowersj2 520: \layout Itemize
521:
522: A
523: \series bold
524: Problem
525: \series default
526:
527: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Problem}
528:
529: \end_inset
530:
531: resource represents problems for the students to solve, with answers stored
532: in the system.
533: These resources are stored in files that must use the extension
534: \begin_inset Quotes eld
535: \end_inset
536:
537: .problem
538: \begin_inset Quotes erd
539: \end_inset
540:
541: .
542: \layout Itemize
543:
544: A
545: \series bold
1.6 bowersj2 546: Sequence
1.1 bowersj2 547: \series default
548:
1.6 bowersj2 549: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sequence}
1.1 bowersj2 550:
551: \end_inset
552:
1.6 bowersj2 553: is a type of
1.1 bowersj2 554: \series bold
1.6 bowersj2 555: Map
556: \series default
557:
558: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Map}
1.1 bowersj2 559:
560: \end_inset
561:
1.6 bowersj2 562: which is used to link other resources together.
1.5 bowersj2 563: The users of this resource can use directional buttons on their remote
564: or the NAV button to follow the sequence.
1.6 bowersj2 565: Sequences are stored in files that must use the extension
1.1 bowersj2 566: \begin_inset Quotes eld
567: \end_inset
568:
569: .sequence
570: \begin_inset Quotes erd
571: \end_inset
572:
573: .
1.6 bowersj2 574: Sequences can contain other sequences and pages.
1.1 bowersj2 575: \layout Itemize
576:
577: A
578: \series bold
1.6 bowersj2 579: Page
1.1 bowersj2 580: \series default
581:
1.6 bowersj2 582: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Page}
1.1 bowersj2 583:
584: \end_inset
585:
1.6 bowersj2 586: is a type of
1.1 bowersj2 587: \series bold
1.6 bowersj2 588: Map
589: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Map}
1.1 bowersj2 590:
1.6 bowersj2 591: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 592:
593:
1.6 bowersj2 594: \series default
595: which is used to join other resources together into one HTML page.
1.1 bowersj2 596: For example, a page of problems will appears as a problem set.
597: These resources are stored in files that must use the extension
598: \begin_inset Quotes eld
599: \end_inset
600:
601: .page
602: \begin_inset Quotes erd
603: \end_inset
604:
605: .
606: \layout Subsection
607:
608: Description of the Construction Space
609: \layout Standard
610:
611: \begin_float fig
1.2 bowersj2 612: \layout Standard
613: \align center
614:
615: \begin_inset Figure size 476 42
616: file constructionSpace.eps
617: width 3 80
618: flags 9
619:
620: \end_inset
621:
622:
1.1 bowersj2 623: \layout Caption
624:
625: Construction Space
626: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Construction Space Figure}
627:
628: \end_inset
629:
630:
1.5 bowersj2 631: \layout Standard
1.1 bowersj2 632:
1.5 bowersj2 633: Contents of the Construction Space:
1.1 bowersj2 634: \layout Standard
635:
636:
637: \begin_inset Tabular
638: <lyxtabular version="2" rows="10" columns="2">
1.5 bowersj2 639: <features rotate="false" islongtable="false" endhead="0" endfirsthead="0" endfoot="0" endlastfoot="0">
1.1 bowersj2 640: <column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="false" width="" special="">
641: <column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="5in" special="">
642: <row topline="true" bottomline="true" newpage="false">
643: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
644: \begin_inset Text
645:
646: \layout Standard
647:
648:
649: \series bold
650: Button Name
651: \end_inset
652: </cell>
653: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
654: \begin_inset Text
655:
656: \layout Standard
657:
658:
659: \series bold
660: Description
661: \end_inset
662: </cell>
663: </row>
664: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
665: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
666: \begin_inset Text
667:
668: \layout Standard
669:
670: Publish this Resource
671: \end_inset
672: </cell>
673: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
674: \begin_inset Text
675:
676: \layout Standard
677:
1.2 bowersj2 678: Opens the Resource Publishing window.
1.1 bowersj2 679: \end_inset
680: </cell>
681: </row>
682: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
683: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
684: \begin_inset Text
685:
686: \layout Standard
687:
688: List Directory
689: \end_inset
690: </cell>
691: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
692: \begin_inset Text
693:
694: \layout Standard
695:
696: Lists the contents of the current working directory
697: \end_inset
698: </cell>
699: </row>
700: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
701: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
702: \begin_inset Text
703:
704: \layout Standard
705:
706: Copy
707: \end_inset
708: </cell>
709: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
710: \begin_inset Text
711:
712: \layout Standard
713:
714: Type a new name in the entry box to make a copy the current resource
715: \end_inset
716: </cell>
717: </row>
718: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
719: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
720: \begin_inset Text
721:
722: \layout Standard
723:
724: Browse
725: \end_inset
726: </cell>
727: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
728: \begin_inset Text
729:
730: \layout Standard
731:
1.2 bowersj2 732: Helps you select a file to upload
1.1 bowersj2 733: \end_inset
734: </cell>
735: </row>
736: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
737: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
738: \begin_inset Text
739:
740: \layout Standard
741:
742: Upload File
743: \end_inset
744: </cell>
745: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
746: \begin_inset Text
747:
748: \layout Standard
749:
750: Uploads the selected file to your Construction Space
751: \end_inset
752: </cell>
753: </row>
754: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
755: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
756: \begin_inset Text
757:
758: \layout Standard
759:
760: Retrieve Old Version
761: \end_inset
762: </cell>
763: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
764: \begin_inset Text
765:
766: \layout Standard
767:
768: Load an older version of a resource if you have multiple versions
769: \end_inset
770: </cell>
771: </row>
772: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
773: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
774: \begin_inset Text
775:
776: \layout Standard
777:
778: Delete
779: \end_inset
780: </cell>
781: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
782: \begin_inset Text
783:
784: \layout Standard
785:
786: Deletes the current resource
787: \end_inset
788: </cell>
789: </row>
790: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
791: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
792: \begin_inset Text
793:
794: \layout Standard
795:
796: Rename
797: \end_inset
798: </cell>
799: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
800: \begin_inset Text
801:
802: \layout Standard
803:
804: Type a new name in the associated entry box to rename a resource
805: \end_inset
806: </cell>
807: </row>
808: <row topline="true" bottomline="true" newpage="false">
809: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
810: \begin_inset Text
811:
812: \layout Standard
813:
814: New Subdirectory
815: \end_inset
816: </cell>
817: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
818: \begin_inset Text
819:
820: \layout Standard
821:
822: Type a name in the entry box to create a new directory
823: \end_inset
824: </cell>
825: </row>
826: </lyxtabular>
827:
828: \end_inset
829:
830:
1.5 bowersj2 831: \end_float
832: The Construction Space, as seen in figure
833: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Construction Space Figure}
834:
835: \end_inset
836:
837: , is the section of LON-CAPA where you create and manage your course resources.
838: The figure explains what each button does.
1.1 bowersj2 839: \layout Subsection
840:
841: How to Create New Content Pages
1.2 bowersj2 842: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating New Content Pages}
843:
844: \end_inset
845:
846:
1.1 bowersj2 847: \layout Standard
848:
849:
850: \series bold
851: Content Pages
852: \series default
853: are HTML documents that display the course information you are presenting.
1.6 bowersj2 854:
855: \layout Standard
856:
857: Many users use tools such as Dreamweaver to create web pages.
858: To upload HTML files generated with such tools, you can use the
859: \series bold
860: Browse
861: \series default
862: button in the Construction Space, locate your HTML file, and use the
863: \series bold
864: Upload File
865: \series default
866: button to create a content page in LON-CAPA.
867: Remember to upload any graphics your generated web pages may have included.
868: \layout Standard
869:
870: To create new Content Pages, do the following:
1.1 bowersj2 871: \layout Enumerate
872:
873: Click the
874: \series bold
875: CSTR
876: \series default
877: button on the LON-CAPA remote.
1.6 bowersj2 878: Your web page will change to your Construction Space.
1.1 bowersj2 879: \layout Enumerate
880:
1.6 bowersj2 881: In the Location bar of your browser, type in the full URL of the new Content
882: Page.
1.1 bowersj2 883: Make sure the last part of the URL ends with
884: \begin_inset Quotes eld
885: \end_inset
886:
887: .html
888: \begin_inset Quotes erd
889: \end_inset
890:
891: , for example,
1.6 bowersj2 892: \newline
893:
1.1 bowersj2 894: \emph on
1.6 bowersj2 895: http://www.s10.lite.msu.edu/priv/username/new_resource.html
1.1 bowersj2 896: \emph default
1.6 bowersj2 897: .
898: \newline
899: Press the Return or Enter key.
1.1 bowersj2 900: \layout Enumerate
901:
902: Type the content into the editor,
1.2 bowersj2 903: \emph on
1.1 bowersj2 904: OR
1.2 bowersj2 905: \emph default
1.5 bowersj2 906: copy and paste HTML source code obtained through the use of some other
907: HTML authoring program into the editor.
1.1 bowersj2 908: \layout Enumerate
909:
910: Optionally, click the
911: \series bold
912: View
913: \series default
914: button to preview your Content Page.
915: \layout Enumerate
916:
917: Finally, click the
918: \series bold
919: Save this
920: \series default
921: button
1.2 bowersj2 922: \emph on
1.1 bowersj2 923: OR
1.2 bowersj2 924: \emph default
1.1 bowersj2 925: click the
926: \series bold
927: Save and then attempt to clean HTML
928: \series default
929: button.
930: \layout Standard
931:
932: Repeat this process as many times as necessary to create your Content Pages.
1.3 bowersj2 933:
934: \layout Standard
935:
936: If you're following this as a tutorial, create at least one content page,
937: which we'll use later as raw material.
1.6 bowersj2 938: \begin_float footnote
939: \layout Standard
940:
941: Visit the FAQ at
942: \family typewriter
943: http://help.lon-capa.org/
944: \family default
945: if you get
946: \begin_inset Quotes eld
947: \end_inset
948:
949: unmatched tag
950: \begin_inset Quotes erd
951: \end_inset
952:
953: warnings.
954: \end_float
1.1 bowersj2 955: \layout Subsection
956:
957: How to Edit Existing Content Pages
958: \layout Standard
959:
1.6 bowersj2 960: You may edit any Content Pages that have been created.
1.1 bowersj2 961: \layout Standard
962:
963: To edit Content Pages:
964: \layout Enumerate
965:
966: Click the
967: \series bold
968: CSTR
969: \series default
970: button on the LON-CAPA Remote.
971: Your web page will change to your Construction Space.
972: \layout Enumerate
973:
974: Click on the link for the name of the Content Page to edit.
975: The Content Page editor will load and display the current edition of the
976: Content Page.
977: \layout Enumerate
978:
1.6 bowersj2 979: Press the
980: \series bold
981: Edit
982: \series default
983: button.
1.1 bowersj2 984: Edit the HTML code, or copy and paste HTML source code into the editor.
985: \layout Enumerate
986:
987: Finally, click the
988: \series bold
989: Save this
990: \series default
991: button
1.2 bowersj2 992: \emph on
1.1 bowersj2 993: OR
1.2 bowersj2 994: \emph default
1.1 bowersj2 995: click the
996: \series bold
997: Save and then attempt to clean HTML
998: \series default
999: button.
1000: If you do not do this, your work will not be saved.
1.7 ! bowersj2 1001: \layout Standard
! 1002:
! 1003: Once you've saved your page, you can click the
! 1004: \series bold
! 1005: View
! 1006: \series default
! 1007: button to preview your Content Page.
1.1 bowersj2 1008: \layout Subsection
1009:
1010: Creating Online Problems Using LON-CAPA
1.3 bowersj2 1011: \layout Standard
1012:
1013: If you're following this as a tutorial, go ahead and make one of each of
1014: these problem types now.
1015: We'll be using them later as raw material to assemble maps and sequences.
1.5 bowersj2 1016: \layout Standard
1017:
1018: While several problem types are listed here, in LON-CAPA, all problems are
1019: actually the same.
1020: All problems are written in XML, which can be obtained and edited with
1021: the
1022: \series bold
1023: EditXML
1024: \series default
1025: button you'll see.
1026: The problem types listed in this manual are actually just templates.
1027: As your knowledge advances, you may wish to play with the XML representation
1028: directly to see what you can do.
1.1 bowersj2 1029: \layout Subsubsection
1030:
1031: Problems Types
1032: \layout Standard
1033:
1.6 bowersj2 1034: In this manual we will cover five basic types of problems: Radio Response,
1035: Option Response, String Response, Numerical Response, and Formula Response.
1.1 bowersj2 1036: You will need to identify which types of problem you want to use and create
1037: appropriate questions for your course.
1.6 bowersj2 1038: \layout Standard
1039:
1040: The problem editor gives you a testing area where you can try your problems
1041: out, with several different randomizations by varying the
1042: \series bold
1043: Random Seed
1044: \series default
1045: .
1046: If you answer a problem correctly and can no longer enter new answers,
1047: you can get the answer field back by hitting the
1048: \series bold
1049: Reset Submissions
1050: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Reset Submissions}
1051:
1052: \end_inset
1053:
1054:
1055: \series default
1056: button.
1.1 bowersj2 1057: \layout Subsubsection
1058:
1.2 bowersj2 1059: Foils
1060: \layout Standard
1061:
1062: In the LON-CAPA system, a
1063: \series bold
1064: Foil
1065: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Foil}
1066:
1067: \end_inset
1068:
1069:
1070: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 1071: is the statement after the drop-down box or radio button in a Radio Response
1072: or Option Response problem.
1.2 bowersj2 1073: Foils do not need to be text; they can be images or other resources.
1074: \layout Subsubsection
1075:
1.1 bowersj2 1076: Radio Response
1077: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Radio Response}
1078:
1079: \end_inset
1080:
1081: Problems
1082: \layout Standard
1083:
1.2 bowersj2 1084:
1085: \series bold
1086: Radio Response
1087: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 1088: problems present a list of foils, with buttons in front.
1089: The student can select
1090: \emph on
1091: one
1092: \emph default
1093: of these statements by clicking the appropriate radio button.
1.2 bowersj2 1094: \layout Subsubsection
1095:
1096: Option Response
1097: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Option Response}
1.1 bowersj2 1098:
1.2 bowersj2 1099: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1100:
1.2 bowersj2 1101: Problems
1.1 bowersj2 1102: \layout Standard
1103:
1.6 bowersj2 1104:
1105: \series bold
1106: Option Response
1107: \series default
1108: problems present foils to the student with drop-down boxes.
1109: The student can select the matching choice for the foils from a list of
1110: choices.
1111: Optionally, the foils may be bundled into Concept Groups, and the system
1112: will select one foil from each displayed group to display to the student.
1.5 bowersj2 1113: For more details, see Create Option Response in section
1.2 bowersj2 1114: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Create Option Response Problem}
1115:
1116: \end_inset
1117:
1.5 bowersj2 1118: .
1.2 bowersj2 1119: \layout Subsubsection
1.1 bowersj2 1120:
1121: String Response Problems
1122: \layout Standard
1123:
1.2 bowersj2 1124:
1125: \series bold
1126:
1127: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{String Response}
1128:
1129: \end_inset
1130:
1131: String Response
1132: \series default
1133: problems are problems in which the student submits a string of characters
1134: for the answer.
1.1 bowersj2 1135: Examples of string response questions are vocabulary tests, short answer
1136: and entering chemical formulas.
1137: \layout Standard
1138:
1.2 bowersj2 1139: Note that it is easy to abuse String Response problems.
1140: For instance, consider the question
1141: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1142: \end_inset
1143:
1144: Who wrote 'Huckleberry Finn'?
1145: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1146: \end_inset
1147:
1148: If you tell the system the answer is
1149: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1150: \end_inset
1151:
1152: Mark Twain
1153: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1154: \end_inset
1155:
1156: , and a student answers
1157: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1158: \end_inset
1159:
1160: Twain
1161: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1162: \end_inset
1163:
1164: , the system will mark it wrong.
1165: If they answer
1166: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1167: \end_inset
1168:
1169: Samuel Clements
1170: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1171: \end_inset
1172:
1.5 bowersj2 1173: , then the student will definitely get it wrong.
1.2 bowersj2 1174: There is some room for flexibility in the string processing, but it can
1175: be difficult to get it all right.
1176: Before you use a String Response problem, be sure you can easily characterize
1177: correct answers.
1178: \layout Subsubsection
1179:
1.1 bowersj2 1180: Numerical Response Problems
1181: \layout Standard
1182:
1.2 bowersj2 1183:
1184: \series bold
1185: Numerical Response
1186: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Numerical Response}
1187:
1188: \end_inset
1189:
1190:
1191: \series default
1192: problems are answered by entering a number and (optionally) a unit, such
1193: as 2.5 m/s^2.
1.5 bowersj2 1194: Tolerance and required significant digits can be specified as well.
1.2 bowersj2 1195: \layout Subsubsection
1.1 bowersj2 1196:
1197: Formula Response Problems
1198: \layout Standard
1199:
1.6 bowersj2 1200:
1201: \series bold
1202: Formula Response
1203: \series default
1204: problems ask the student to type in a math formula for the answer.
1.2 bowersj2 1205: If the answer is
1206: \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}-11 \)
1207: \end_inset
1208:
1209: , the student can enter "x^2 - 11", "x*x - 11", "x^2 + 21 - 10", etc.
1.1 bowersj2 1210: Functions such as cos, sin, and exp are accepted as well as the operators
1211: (), +, -, *, and /.
1.2 bowersj2 1212: \layout Subsection
1213:
1214: Creating Radio Response Problems
1215: \layout Standard
1.1 bowersj2 1216:
1.2 bowersj2 1217: \begin_float fig
1.1 bowersj2 1218: \layout Standard
1.2 bowersj2 1219: \align center
1220:
1.6 bowersj2 1221: \begin_inset Figure size 476 202
1.2 bowersj2 1222: file creatingNewProblemResource.eps
1223: width 3 80
1224: flags 13
1225:
1226: \end_inset
1227:
1228:
1229: \layout Caption
1230:
1231: Creating A New Problem Resource
1232: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating a new problem resource}
1233:
1234: \end_inset
1235:
1236:
1237: \end_float
1.6 bowersj2 1238: To create a Radio Response
1.2 bowersj2 1239: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Radio Response}
1240:
1241: \end_inset
1242:
1243: problem, create a new resource as described in section
1244: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages}
1245:
1246: \end_inset
1247:
1248: .
1249: This is a
1250: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1251: \end_inset
1252:
1253: problem
1254: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1255: \end_inset
1256:
1257: resource so the URL must end in
1258: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1259: \end_inset
1260:
1261: .problem
1262: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1263: \end_inset
1264:
1265: .
1266: You should see a screen as in figure
1267: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
1268:
1269: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1270:
1.2 bowersj2 1271: .
1.1 bowersj2 1272: \begin_float fig
1.2 bowersj2 1273: \layout Standard
1274: \align center
1275:
1276: \begin_inset Figure size 476 283
1277: file radioResponse2.eps
1278: width 3 80
1279: flags 9
1280:
1281: \end_inset
1282:
1283:
1.1 bowersj2 1284: \layout Caption
1285:
1.2 bowersj2 1286: Radio Response Creation Form
1287: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Radio Response Creation Form}
1.1 bowersj2 1288:
1289: \end_inset
1290:
1291:
1292: \end_float
1.6 bowersj2 1293: You will need to specify the question text and foil statements.
1.2 bowersj2 1294: \layout Enumerate
1295:
1.6 bowersj2 1296: In the drop-down option box as seen in figure
1.2 bowersj2 1297: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
1.1 bowersj2 1298:
1.2 bowersj2 1299: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1300:
1.2 bowersj2 1301: , select
1302: \series bold
1303: Radio Response Problem
1304: \series default
1305: , and click the
1.1 bowersj2 1306: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1307: New Problem
1.1 bowersj2 1308: \series default
1.2 bowersj2 1309: button.
1310: \layout Enumerate
1.1 bowersj2 1311:
1.2 bowersj2 1312: Click the
1.1 bowersj2 1313: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1314: Edit
1.1 bowersj2 1315: \series default
1.2 bowersj2 1316: button above the sample problem to enter edit mode.
1.5 bowersj2 1317: You should see an editing screen like figure
1318: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Radio Response Creation Form}
1319:
1320: \end_inset
1321:
1322: .
1.2 bowersj2 1323: \layout Enumerate
1.1 bowersj2 1324:
1.2 bowersj2 1325: In the
1.1 bowersj2 1326: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1327: Text Block
1.1 bowersj2 1328: \series default
1.2 bowersj2 1329: at the top of the problem, remove the sample text and type the question
1330: for your problem.
1331: For example,
1332: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1333: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1334:
1.2 bowersj2 1335: What is two plus two?
1336: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1337: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1338:
1339:
1.2 bowersj2 1340: \layout Enumerate
1.1 bowersj2 1341:
1.2 bowersj2 1342: Locate the
1.1 bowersj2 1343: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1344: Response: One of N statements
1.1 bowersj2 1345: \series default
1.2 bowersj2 1346: element.
1347: In the
1.1 bowersj2 1348: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1349: Max Number of Shown Foils
1.1 bowersj2 1350: \series default
1.7 ! bowersj2 1351: text box, place the number of foils you wish to display to the student.
1.2 bowersj2 1352: \layout Enumerate
1.1 bowersj2 1353:
1.2 bowersj2 1354: Locate
1.1 bowersj2 1355: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1356: Foil 1
1357: \series default
1358: .
1359: Remove the text that is in the text box and put the
1360: \emph on
1361: correct answer
1362: \emph default
1363: for the problem in the
1364: \series bold
1365: Text Block
1366: \series default
1367: .
1368: For example,
1369: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1370: \end_inset
1371:
1372: Four.
1373: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1374: \end_inset
1375:
1.6 bowersj2 1376: Make sure this is set to
1377: \series bold
1378: true
1379: \series default
1380: in the
1381: \series bold
1382: Correct Option
1383: \series default
1384: field.
1.2 bowersj2 1385: \layout Enumerate
1386:
1387: Below it, you will see
1388: \series bold
1389: Foil 2
1390: \series default
1391: .
1392: Remove the text in the text box and put an
1393: \emph on
1394: incorrect answer
1395: \emph default
1396: for the problem.
1397: For instance,
1398: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1399: \end_inset
1400:
1401: Purple.
1402: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1403: \end_inset
1404:
1.6 bowersj2 1405: Make sure this is set to
1406: \series bold
1407: false
1408: \series default
1409: in the
1410: \series bold
1411: Correct Option
1412: \series default
1413: field.
1.2 bowersj2 1414: \layout Enumerate
1415:
1416: Repeat the previous step until you've filled in all of the other incorrect
1417: answers you wish to offer the students.
1418: \layout Enumerate
1419:
1420: Once you've filled in all the incorrect answers, change the
1421: \series bold
1422: Correct Option
1423: \series default
1424: s on the other foils to
1425: \series bold
1426: Unused
1427: \series default
1428: .
1429: \layout Enumerate
1430:
1431: \begin_float fig
1432: \layout Standard
1433: \align center
1434:
1435: \begin_inset Figure size 476 92
1436: file radioResponseHint.eps
1437: width 3 80
1438: flags 9
1439:
1440: \end_inset
1441:
1442:
1443: \layout Caption
1444:
1445: Hint Element
1446: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Radio Response Hint Element Figure}
1447:
1448: \end_inset
1449:
1450:
1451: \end_float
1452: Scroll down to the Hint element, as shown in Figure
1453: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Radio Response Hint Element Figure}
1454:
1455: \end_inset
1456:
1457: .
1458: Type some text that will help students when they answer incorrectly.
1.6 bowersj2 1459: You may delete the hint by selecting
1460: \series bold
1461: Yes
1462: \series default
1463: from the
1464: \series bold
1465: Delete
1466: \series default
1467: drop-down box.
1.2 bowersj2 1468: \layout Enumerate
1469:
1470: Click the
1471: \series bold
1472: Submit Changes
1473: \series default
1474: button located at the top of the frame.
1475: If you do not do this, none of your changes will be saved.
1476: \layout Standard
1477:
1478: The
1479: \series bold
1480: Correct Option
1481: \series default
1482: drop down box controls whether or not a given answer will be accepted as
1483: a correct answer.
1484: If it is set to
1485: \series bold
1486: true
1487: \series default
1488: , that answer will be considered a correct answer.
1489: Any number of foils can be marked
1490: \series bold
1491: true
1492: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 1493: , but only one will be shown to any given student.
1.2 bowersj2 1494: If it is set to
1495: \series bold
1496: false
1497: \series default
1498: , it will be considered an incorrect answer.
1499: If it is set to
1500: \series bold
1501: Unused
1502: \series default
1503: , the system will not use that foil.
1504: \layout Paragraph
1505:
1506: Randomization
1507: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Randomization}
1508:
1509: \end_inset
1510:
1511:
1512: \layout Standard
1513:
1514: LON-CAPA will randomize what choices are presented to each student, and
1515: randomize the order they are presented in.
1516: If you wish to present each student the same choices, make sure the
1517: \series bold
1518: Maximum Number of Shown Foils
1519: \series default
1520: box contains the number of incorrect answers, which will force them to
1521: all be displayed.
1522: If you wish to force the system to display the foils in the order you have
1.6 bowersj2 1523: created them in, type the tag
1.2 bowersj2 1524: \series bold
1.6 bowersj2 1525: <norandom />
1.2 bowersj2 1526: \series default
1527: into your problem text.
1528: This can be useful with the ever-popular
1529: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1530: \end_inset
1531:
1532: All of the above
1533: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1534: \end_inset
1535:
1536: choice, which must be displayed in the correct place or its meaning will
1537: change.
1538: \layout Subsection
1539:
1540: Option Response
1541: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Option Response}
1542:
1543: \end_inset
1544:
1545:
1546: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Create Option Response Problem}
1547:
1548: \end_inset
1549:
1550: Problems
1.5 bowersj2 1551: \layout Subsubsection
1552:
1553: Option Response problems with Concept Groups
1.2 bowersj2 1554: \layout Standard
1555:
1556: \begin_float fig
1557: \layout Standard
1558: \align center
1559:
1.7 ! bowersj2 1560: \begin_inset Figure size 476 134
1.2 bowersj2 1561: file optionResponseProblem.eps
1562: width 3 80
1563: flags 9
1564:
1565: \end_inset
1566:
1567:
1568: \layout Caption
1569:
1570: Option Response Problem
1571: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Option Response Problem Figure}
1572:
1573: \end_inset
1574:
1575:
1576: \end_float
1.5 bowersj2 1577: Each Option Response problem can have three parts:
1.2 bowersj2 1578: \layout Enumerate
1579:
1580: The Concept Groups
1581: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Concept Groups}
1582:
1583: \end_inset
1584:
1585:
1586: \layout Enumerate
1587:
1588: The options for the students to select, by default
1589: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1590: \end_inset
1591:
1592: True
1593: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1594: \end_inset
1595:
1596: and
1597: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1598: \end_inset
1599:
1600: False
1601: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1602: \end_inset
1603:
1604:
1605: \layout Enumerate
1606:
1607: The hint for the student
1608: \layout Standard
1609:
1610: Each
1611: \series bold
1612: Concept Group
1613: \series default
1614: has some number of foils representing questions which are conceptually
1615: related.
1.6 bowersj2 1616: Option Response Problem Templates are available for 4 and 8 Concept Groups.
1.2 bowersj2 1617: When the Option Response problem is presented to a student, the LON-CAPA
1618: system will randomly select one foil from each Concept Group and present
1619: it to the student.
1.6 bowersj2 1620: In order to receive credit for the problem, the student must select the
1621: corresponding option from the drop-down box for each given foil.
1.2 bowersj2 1622: \layout Subsubsection
1623:
1624: Example: Concept Group
1625: \layout Standard
1626:
1627: For example, a Concept Group may contain the following True/False questions:
1628: \layout Itemize
1629:
1630:
1631: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1632: \end_inset
1633:
1634: Mark Twain
1635: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1636: \end_inset
1637:
1638: is the pen name of Samuel Clemens.
1639: \layout Itemize
1640:
1641: Mark Twain wrote
1642: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1643: \end_inset
1644:
1645: The Call of the Wild
1646: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1647: \end_inset
1648:
1649: .
1650: \layout Itemize
1651:
1652: Mark Twain wrote
1653: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1654: \end_inset
1655:
1656: Huckleberry Finn
1657: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1658: \end_inset
1659:
1660: .
1661: \layout Itemize
1662:
1663: Mark Twain spent most of his life in the Congo.
1664: \layout Standard
1665:
1666: For each foil, the author marks it True or False.
1667: When the student logs on and attempts to answer this question, the student
1668: will see only one of the four choices for that concept group.
1669: They then go on to do the remaining three to seven Concept Groups in this
1670: question before submitting their answer.
1671: \layout Subsubsection
1672:
1673: Example: Matching Problem
1674: \layout Standard
1675:
1.6 bowersj2 1676: Option Response problems can be used as matching problems as well.
1677: \layout Standard
1678:
1679: For example, you might want to ask the student to match musical compositions
1680: with their composers.
1.2 bowersj2 1681: You could create an Option Response problem with 4 Concept Groups, and
1.6 bowersj2 1682: place the following four foil groups each in its own concept group:
1.2 bowersj2 1683: \layout Itemize
1684:
1685: Claire de Lune
1.3 bowersj2 1686: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Clair de Lune}
1687:
1688: \end_inset
1689:
1.6 bowersj2 1690: , Ballade
1.2 bowersj2 1691: \begin_float footnote
1692: \layout Standard
1693:
1694: Debussy.
1695: \end_float
1696: \layout Itemize
1697:
1.6 bowersj2 1698: The Pastoral Symphony, The Ninth Symphony
1.2 bowersj2 1699: \begin_float footnote
1700: \layout Standard
1701:
1.6 bowersj2 1702: Beethoven.
1.2 bowersj2 1703: \end_float
1704: \layout Itemize
1705:
1.6 bowersj2 1706: Sleeping Beauty Suite, The Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairies
1.2 bowersj2 1707: \begin_float footnote
1708: \layout Standard
1709:
1710: Tchaikovsky.
1711: \end_float
1712: \layout Itemize
1713:
1.6 bowersj2 1714: Slavonic Dances, New World Symphony
1.2 bowersj2 1715: \begin_float footnote
1716: \layout Standard
1717:
1.6 bowersj2 1718: Dvorak.
1.2 bowersj2 1719: \end_float
1720: \layout Standard
1721:
1722: You could then add the following options to the option list:
1723: \layout Itemize
1724:
1725: Debussy
1726: \layout Itemize
1727:
1728: Beethoven
1729: \layout Itemize
1730:
1731: Schubert
1732: \layout Itemize
1733:
1734: Tchaikovsky
1735: \layout Itemize
1736:
1.6 bowersj2 1737: Dvorak
1.2 bowersj2 1738: \layout Standard
1739:
1740: The same answers can be used more then once, or not at all, as you see fit.
1741: It is conventional to place such a warning in the
1742: \series bold
1743: Text Block
1744: \series default
1745: describing the problem to the students.
1746: \layout Subsubsection
1747:
1748: Creating Option Response Problems
1749: \layout Standard
1750:
1751: To create an Option Response problem, create a new resource as described
1752: in section
1753: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages}
1754:
1755: \end_inset
1756:
1757: .
1758: This is a
1759: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1760: \end_inset
1761:
1762: problem
1763: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1764: \end_inset
1765:
1766: resource so the URL must end in
1767: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1768: \end_inset
1769:
1770: .problem
1771: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1772: \end_inset
1773:
1774: .
1775: You should see a screen as in figure
1776: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
1777:
1778: \end_inset
1779:
1780: .
1781: \layout Enumerate
1782:
1.6 bowersj2 1783: In the drop-down option box as seen in figure
1.2 bowersj2 1784: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
1785:
1786: \end_inset
1787:
1788: , select
1789: \series bold
1790: Option Response Problem with
1791: \emph on
1792: N
1793: \emph default
1794: Concept Groups
1795: \series default
1796: , where
1797: \series bold
1798: \emph on
1799: N
1800: \series default
1801: \emph default
1802: is the number of Concept Groups you wish the problem to have, and click
1803: the
1804: \series bold
1805: New Problem
1806: \series default
1807: button.
1808: \layout Enumerate
1809:
1810: Click the
1811: \series bold
1812: Edit
1813: \series default
1814: button above the sample problem to enter edit mode.
1815: \begin_float fig
1816: \layout Standard
1817: \align center
1818:
1819: \begin_inset Figure size 476 276
1820: file optionResponseEditing.eps
1821: width 3 80
1822: flags 9
1823:
1824: \end_inset
1825:
1826:
1827: \layout Caption
1828:
1829: Option Response Editor
1830: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Option Response Editor Figure}
1831:
1832: \end_inset
1833:
1834:
1835: \end_float
1836: You should see the Option Response page open up, which should look something
1837: like what you see in figure
1838: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Option Response Editor Figure}
1839:
1840: \end_inset
1841:
1842: .
1843: \layout Enumerate
1844:
1845: Replace the text in the
1846: \series bold
1847: Text Block
1848: \series default
1849: with text that explains the conditions for your problem.
1850: \layout Enumerate
1851:
1852: Locate the
1853: \series bold
1854: Max Number of Shown Foils
1855: \series default
1856: element and type a number from 1 to 8 to display that number of questions.
1.6 bowersj2 1857: You cannot display more than one foil from each concept group, so this
1858: option will only reduce the number of foils displayed, if it is less than
1.2 bowersj2 1859: the number of concept groups in your Option Response problem.
1860: \layout Enumerate
1861:
1862: Now you must define the options the students can select.
1863: For each option you wish to add to the Option Response question, type the
1864: option into the
1865: \series bold
1866: Add new Option
1867: \series default
1868: box in the
1869: \series bold
1870: Select Options
1871: \series default
1872: section, then hit the
1873: \series bold
1874: Save Changes
1875: \series default
1876: button.
1877: If you do not hit the
1878: \series bold
1879: Save Changes
1880: \series default
1881: button, your option will not be selectable below.
1.6 bowersj2 1882: (You will delete unwanted options in the last step.)
1.2 bowersj2 1883: \layout Enumerate
1884:
1885: Now, you need to define the question foils.
1886: Look for the foil with the name
1887: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1888: \end_inset
1889:
1890: One
1891: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1892: \end_inset
1893:
1894: .
1895: Type the question into the text box, and select the correct option for
1896: that question from the
1897: \series bold
1898: Correct Option
1899: \series default
1900: drop-down menu.
1901: Click
1902: \series bold
1903: Submit Changes
1904: \series default
1905: to save this question foil.
1906: Repeat this step for all remaining foils.
1907: \layout Enumerate
1908:
1909: Locate the foils that are not being used.
1910: In their
1911: \series bold
1912: Delete
1913: \series default
1914: menus, set the value to
1915: \series bold
1916: Yes
1917: \series default
1918: .
1919: Once you've set the Delete menu value correctly for all the foils, click
1920: the
1921: \series bold
1922: Save Changes
1923: \series default
1924: button.
1925: \layout Enumerate
1926:
1927: In the Hint area, provide a helpful hint for users who get the problem incorrect
1928: , and click the
1929: \series bold
1930: Save Changes
1931: \series default
1932: button.
1.6 bowersj2 1933: \layout Enumerate
1934:
1935: Make sure all the options you want to delete are not used for any of your
1936: foils
1937: \begin_float footnote
1938: \layout Standard
1939:
1940: If a deleted option is used in a foil, it will appear in a text box in the
1941:
1942: \series bold
1943: Correct Option
1944: \series default
1945: area for that foil.
1946: To make the drop-down box reappear, type an option already defined in the
1947:
1948: \series bold
1949: Select Options
1950: \series default
1951: field, and hit
1952: \series bold
1953: Submit Changes
1954: \series default
1955: .
1956: A drop-down box will reappear.
1957: \end_float
1958: .
1959: To delete the irrelevant options from the Option Response question, select
1960: that option from the
1961: \series bold
1962: Delete an Option
1963: \series default
1964: drop down, and hit the
1965: \series bold
1966: Save Changes
1967: \series default
1968: button.
1969: Do that for each option you wish to remove.
1.5 bowersj2 1970: \layout Subsubsection
1971:
1972: Simple Option Response: No Concept Groups
1973: \layout Standard
1974:
1975: If you select
1976: \series bold
1977: Simple Option Response
1978: \series default
1979: from the drop-down box, you get a template that will allow you to enter
1.6 bowersj2 1980: up to eight foils with no grouping.
1981: The system will randomly mix these foils when presenting them to the student.
1982: You can have more foils then the
1983: \series bold
1984: Max Num of Shown Foils
1985: \series default
1986: so that each student will not have the identical foils.
1.2 bowersj2 1987: \layout Subsection
1988:
1989: Creating a String Response Problem
1990: \layout Standard
1991:
1.6 bowersj2 1992: To create a String Response problem, create a new resource as described
1.2 bowersj2 1993: in section
1994: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages}
1995:
1996: \end_inset
1997:
1998: .
1999: This is a
2000: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2001: \end_inset
2002:
2003: problem
2004: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2005: \end_inset
2006:
2007: resource so the URL must end in
2008: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2009: \end_inset
2010:
2011: .problem
2012: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2013: \end_inset
2014:
2015: .
2016: You should see a screen as in figure
2017: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
2018:
2019: \end_inset
2020:
2021: .
2022: \layout Enumerate
2023:
1.6 bowersj2 2024: In the drop-down option box as seen in figure
1.2 bowersj2 2025: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
2026:
2027: \end_inset
2028:
1.6 bowersj2 2029: , select
1.2 bowersj2 2030: \series bold
1.6 bowersj2 2031: String Response Problem
1.2 bowersj2 2032: \series default
2033: , and click the
2034: \series bold
2035: New Problem
2036: \series default
2037: button.
2038: \layout Enumerate
2039:
2040: Click the
2041: \series bold
2042: Edit
2043: \series default
2044: button above the sample problem to enter edit mode.
2045: \begin_float fig
2046: \layout Standard
2047: \align center
2048:
2049: \begin_inset Figure size 476 320
2050: file stringResponseEditor.eps
2051: width 3 80
2052: flags 9
2053:
2054: \end_inset
2055:
2056:
2057: \layout Caption
2058:
2059: String Response Editor
2060: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{String Response Editor Figure}
2061:
2062: \end_inset
2063:
2064:
2065: \end_float
2066: You should see the String Response editor page open up, which should look
2067: something like what you see in figure
2068: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{String Response Editor Figure}
2069:
2070: \end_inset
2071:
2072: .
2073: \layout Enumerate
2074:
1.6 bowersj2 2075: Clear the text from the
2076: \series bold
2077: Text Block
2078: \series default
2079: at the top of the problem, and type in your problem.
1.2 bowersj2 2080: \layout Enumerate
2081:
2082: In the
2083: \series bold
2084: Answer Box
2085: \series default
2086: , type the correct answer.
2087: \layout Enumerate
2088:
1.6 bowersj2 2089: Select the answer condition from the drop-down.
1.2 bowersj2 2090: There are three cases to choose from:
2091: \begin_deeper
2092: \layout Enumerate
2093:
2094:
2095: \series bold
2096: cs
2097: \series default
2098: : This means
2099: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2100: \end_inset
2101:
2102: Case Sensitive
2103: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2104: \end_inset
2105:
2106: .
1.6 bowersj2 2107: For example, this is useful in chemistry, where HO and Ho are completely
1.2 bowersj2 2108: different answers
2109: \begin_float footnote
2110: \end_deeper
2111: \layout Standard
2112:
2113:
2114: \series bold
2115: HO
2116: \series default
2117: is hydrogen monoxide, a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas.
2118:
2119: \series bold
2120: Ho
2121: \series default
2122: is the element 67, Holmium, in the Lanthanides.
2123: \end_float
2124: .
2125: The student must match the case of the answer.
2126: \begin_deeper
2127: \layout Enumerate
2128:
2129:
2130: \series bold
2131: ci
2132: \series default
2133: : This means
2134: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2135: \end_inset
2136:
1.5 bowersj2 2137: Case Insensitive
1.2 bowersj2 2138: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2139: \end_inset
2140:
2141: .
2142: The system does not use the case of the letters to determine the correctness
2143: of the answer.
2144: If the correct answer is
2145: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2146: \end_inset
2147:
2148: car
2149: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2150: \end_inset
2151:
2152: , the system will accept
2153: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2154: \end_inset
2155:
2156: car
2157: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2158: \end_inset
2159:
2160: ,
2161: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2162: \end_inset
2163:
2164: CAR
2165: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2166: \end_inset
2167:
2168: ,
2169: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2170: \end_inset
2171:
2172: Car
2173: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2174: \end_inset
2175:
2176: ,
2177: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2178: \end_inset
2179:
2180: caR
2181: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2182: \end_inset
2183:
2184: , etc.
2185: \layout Enumerate
2186:
2187:
2188: \series bold
2189: mc
2190: \series default
2191: : This means
2192: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2193: \end_inset
2194:
2195: Multiple Choice
2196: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2197: \end_inset
2198:
2199: .
2200: The student's answers must contain the same letters as the question author's,
1.5 bowersj2 2201: but order is unimportant.
1.2 bowersj2 2202: This is usually used to give a multiple choice question in the question's
2203:
2204: \series bold
2205: Text Block
2206: \series default
2207: , which may have several correct parts.
2208: If the author sets the correct answer as
2209: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2210: \end_inset
2211:
2212: bcg
2213: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2214: \end_inset
2215:
2216: , the system will accept
2217: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2218: \end_inset
2219:
2220: bcg
2221: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2222: \end_inset
2223:
2224: ,
2225: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2226: \end_inset
2227:
2228: cbg
2229: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2230: \end_inset
2231:
2232: ,
2233: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2234: \end_inset
2235:
2236: gcb
2237: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2238: \end_inset
2239:
2240: , etc., but not
2241: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2242: \end_inset
2243:
2244: bc
2245: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2246: \end_inset
2247:
2248: or
2249: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2250: \end_inset
2251:
2252: abcg
2253: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2254: \end_inset
2255:
2256: .
2257: \layout Standard
2258:
1.5 bowersj2 2259: It is conventional to inform the students if the problem is case sensitive,
2260: or that the order of the answers doesn't matter.
1.2 bowersj2 2261: \end_deeper
2262: \layout Enumerate
2263:
2264: Optionally, locate the
2265: \series bold
2266: Single Line Text Entry Area
2267: \series default
2268: block and set a length in the Size box.
2269: This will only affect the size of the box on the screen; if you set the
2270: box size to 2, the student can still enter 3 or more letters in their answer.
2271: \layout Enumerate
2272:
1.6 bowersj2 2273: Scroll down to the
2274: \series bold
2275: Hint
2276: \series default
2277: element, and type some text that will help students when they answer incorrectl
2278: y, or delete the hint by setting the
2279: \series bold
2280: Delete
2281: \series default
2282: field to
2283: \series bold
2284: Yes
2285: \series default
2286: .
1.2 bowersj2 2287: \layout Enumerate
2288:
1.6 bowersj2 2289: Click the
2290: \series bold
2291: Submit Changes
2292: \series default
2293: button.
1.2 bowersj2 2294: \layout Subsection
2295:
1.3 bowersj2 2296: Creating Numerical Response And Formula Response Problems
1.2 bowersj2 2297: \layout Standard
2298:
2299: Numerical Response problems are answered by entering a number and an optional
2300: unit.
2301: For instance, a numerical response problem might have an answer of
2302: \begin_inset Formula \( 2m/s^{2} \)
2303: \end_inset
2304:
2305: .
1.3 bowersj2 2306: Formula Response problems are answered by entering a mathematical formula.
2307: For instance, a numerical response problem might have an answer of
2308: \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}+11 \)
1.2 bowersj2 2309: \end_inset
2310:
2311: .
1.3 bowersj2 2312: The answer may be in any equivalent format.
2313: For instance, for
2314: \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}+11 \)
1.2 bowersj2 2315: \end_inset
2316:
1.6 bowersj2 2317: , the system will also accept
2318: \begin_inset Formula \( x*x+11 \)
1.2 bowersj2 2319: \end_inset
2320:
1.3 bowersj2 2321: or
2322: \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}+21-10 \)
1.2 bowersj2 2323: \end_inset
2324:
1.6 bowersj2 2325: .
1.3 bowersj2 2326: \layout Standard
1.2 bowersj2 2327:
1.3 bowersj2 2328: Creating Numerical Response and Formula Response problems starts the same
2329: as the other problem types, but because of the power of Numerical Response
1.5 bowersj2 2330: and Formula Response problems, they are covered in their own section after
2331: the end of the tutorial.
1.3 bowersj2 2332: For more information about these problem types, please see section
2333: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response}
1.2 bowersj2 2334:
2335: \end_inset
2336:
1.3 bowersj2 2337: for Numerical Response problems and section
2338: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Formula Response}
1.2 bowersj2 2339:
2340: \end_inset
2341:
1.3 bowersj2 2342: for Formula Response problems.
2343: \layout Section
1.2 bowersj2 2344:
1.3 bowersj2 2345: Publishing Your Resources
1.2 bowersj2 2346: \layout Standard
2347:
1.6 bowersj2 2348: In order to make the content you've created available for use in courses,
1.3 bowersj2 2349: you must publish your content.
2350: LON-CAPA provides an easy interface for publishing your content pages,
2351: problem resources, and sequences.
1.5 bowersj2 2352: You can specify title, author information, keywords, and other metadata.
2353: LON-CAPA uses this metadata for many things, and it's important to fill
1.3 bowersj2 2354: the metadata out as accurately as possible.
2355: \layout Subsection
2356:
2357: What is Metadata?
2358: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Metadata}
1.2 bowersj2 2359:
2360: \end_inset
2361:
2362:
1.3 bowersj2 2363: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{What Is Metadata?}
1.2 bowersj2 2364:
2365: \end_inset
2366:
2367:
1.3 bowersj2 2368: \layout Standard
1.2 bowersj2 2369:
2370:
1.3 bowersj2 2371: \emph on
2372: Metadata
2373: \emph default
2374: is
2375: \emph on
2376: data about data
2377: \emph default
1.2 bowersj2 2378: .
1.3 bowersj2 2379: Metadata can often be thought of as a label on some bit of information
2380: that can be useful to people or computer programs trying to use the data.
2381: Without metadata, the person or computer trying to use the original information
2382: would have to just guess what the original data is about.
2383: For instance, if you create a problem and neglect to say in the title or
2384: subject of the problem what it is about, then a human who wants to use
2385: that problem would have to read the problem itself to see what it was about,
1.6 bowersj2 2386: which is much more difficult than just reading a title.
1.3 bowersj2 2387: A computer trying to do the same thing would just be out of luck; it is
2388: too stupid to understand the problem statement at all.
2389: \layout Standard
1.2 bowersj2 2390:
1.6 bowersj2 2391: One example of metadata is the <title> of a web page, which usually shows
2392: up in the title bar of the browser.
1.5 bowersj2 2393: That's information about the web page itself, not actually part of the
2394: web page.
1.6 bowersj2 2395: People use the title information when they bookmark a page, so they know
2396: what the page is.
1.3 bowersj2 2397: Search engines use it as a clue about the content of the web page.
1.2 bowersj2 2398: \layout Subsection
2399:
1.3 bowersj2 2400: Publishing A Resource
2401: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Resource, Publishing}
1.2 bowersj2 2402:
2403: \end_inset
2404:
2405:
1.3 bowersj2 2406: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Publishing Resource}
1.2 bowersj2 2407:
2408: \end_inset
2409:
1.3 bowersj2 2410:
2411: \layout Standard
2412:
2413: \begin_float fig
1.2 bowersj2 2414: \layout Standard
1.3 bowersj2 2415: \align center
2416:
2417: \begin_inset Figure size 476 168
2418: file constructionSpaceForPublishing.eps
2419: width 3 80
2420: flags 9
1.2 bowersj2 2421:
2422: \end_inset
2423:
2424:
1.3 bowersj2 2425: \layout Caption
2426:
2427: Construction Space for Publishing
2428: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Construction Space for Publishing Figure}
1.2 bowersj2 2429:
2430: \end_inset
2431:
2432:
1.3 bowersj2 2433: \end_float
2434: To publish a resource, log in and choose your role to be an Author.
2435: Then click
2436: \series bold
2437: CSTR
2438: \series default
2439: to go to your construction space.
2440: You should see something like figure
2441: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Construction Space for Publishing Figure}
1.2 bowersj2 2442:
2443: \end_inset
2444:
2445: .
1.3 bowersj2 2446: Click on the
2447: \series bold
2448: Publish
2449: \series default
2450: button for the resource you wish to publish.
2451: \begin_float fig
2452: \layout Standard
2453: \align center
1.2 bowersj2 2454:
1.3 bowersj2 2455: \begin_inset Figure size 476 338
2456: file publishMetadata.eps
2457: width 3 80
2458: flags 9
1.2 bowersj2 2459:
2460: \end_inset
2461:
2462:
1.3 bowersj2 2463: \layout Caption
1.2 bowersj2 2464:
2465: Publishing Metadata Screen
2466: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Publishing Metadata Screen Figure}
2467:
2468: \end_inset
2469:
2470:
2471: \end_float
2472: You'll get a metadata screen that should look something like figure
2473: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Publishing Metadata Screen Figure}
2474:
2475: \end_inset
2476:
2477: .
2478: Fill out the form.
2479: If you are creating resources that may be used in several courses, you
2480: should talk with the other authors and establish some sort of standard
2481: title and subject scheme in advance.
2482:
2483: \layout Standard
2484:
1.6 bowersj2 2485: The
2486: \series bold
2487: Language
2488: \series default
2489: is the language the problem is written in.
2490: The
2491: \series bold
2492: Publisher/Owner
2493: \series default
2494: is the LON-CAPA user who owns the problem.
1.2 bowersj2 2495: \layout Standard
2496:
2497: The
2498: \series bold
2499: Keywords
2500: \series default
2501: and the
2502: \series bold
2503: Abstract
2504: \series default
2505: are more information about the problem.
2506: The
2507: \series bold
2508: Keywords
2509: \series default
2510: are words that are strongly connected to your problem; for instance a physics
2511: problem about a pulley might include
2512: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2513: \end_inset
2514:
2515: pulley
2516: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2517: \end_inset
2518:
2519: as a key word.
1.6 bowersj2 2520: LON-CAPA pulls out words used in the text of the resource for you so you
2521: can just click on their check boxes to make them keywords.
1.2 bowersj2 2522:
2523: \series bold
2524: Additional keywords
2525: \series default
2526: allows you to add any keyword to your problem that are not actually in
2527: the problem.
2528: For instance, on that same problem a physicist might add the keyword
2529: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2530: \end_inset
2531:
2532: statics
2533: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2534: \end_inset
2535:
2536: , even though it doesn't appear in the original problem, because Physics
2537: uses that as a classification of problem type.
1.6 bowersj2 2538:
2539: \series bold
2540: Additional Keywords
2541: \series default
2542: are also useful when publishing graphics.
1.2 bowersj2 2543: \layout Standard
2544:
1.6 bowersj2 2545: Finally, you need to set the copyright and distribution permissions in the
1.2 bowersj2 2546:
1.6 bowersj2 2547: \series bold
2548: COPYRIGHT/DISTRIBUTION
2549: \series default
2550: drop-down.
2551: This setting controls who is allowed to use your resource as follows:
2552: \layout Comment
2553:
2554: Is this right?
1.2 bowersj2 2555: \layout Itemize
2556:
2557:
2558: \series bold
2559: Limited to courses in the domain published
2560: \series default
2561: means that only courses running in the same domain as you can use your
2562: content.
2563: Talk to your LON-CAPA administrator if you want more information about
2564: your domain.
2565: \layout Itemize
2566:
2567:
2568: \series bold
2569: Free
2570: \series default
2571: means that anyone can find and use the resource.
2572: \layout Itemize
2573:
2574:
2575: \series bold
2576: Private - visible to author only
2577: \series default
2578: means that it can't be used for any course.
2579: \layout Itemize
2580:
2581:
2582: \series bold
2583: Public - no authentication required
2584: \series default
2585: means anyone can find and use the resource.
2586: \layout Standard
2587:
2588: Now when you click
2589: \series bold
2590: Finalize Publication
2591: \series default
2592: , your resource will be published and usable (unless you set the distribution
2593: to
2594: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2595: \end_inset
2596:
2597: private
2598: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2599: \end_inset
2600:
2601: ).
1.3 bowersj2 2602: \layout Standard
2603:
2604: If you're following this as a tutorial, publish your resources so we can
2605: use them in the next section.
1.2 bowersj2 2606: \layout Section
2607:
1.3 bowersj2 2608: Creating A Course
2609: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating a Course}
2610:
2611: \end_inset
2612:
2613: : Maps and Sequences
2614: \layout Standard
2615:
2616: In order to create a useful course, we need to arrange our raw materials
2617: so that students can use them.
1.2 bowersj2 2618: \layout Subsection
2619:
1.6 bowersj2 2620: Creating Sequences
2621: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sequence}
1.3 bowersj2 2622:
2623: \end_inset
2624:
2625:
2626: \layout Standard
2627:
1.6 bowersj2 2628: A
2629: \series bold
2630: Sequence
2631: \series default
2632: is a series of resources that can be navigated using the
2633: \series bold
2634: NAV
2635: \series default
2636: remote control button, or by using the arrow keys on the remote control.
2637:
2638: \layout Standard
2639:
1.3 bowersj2 2640: \begin_float fig
2641: \layout Standard
2642: \align center
2643:
1.5 bowersj2 2644: \begin_inset Figure size 238 83
2645: file mapEditorSelection.eps
2646: width 3 40
1.3 bowersj2 2647: flags 9
2648:
2649: \end_inset
2650:
2651:
2652: \layout Caption
2653:
1.5 bowersj2 2654: Map Editor Selection
2655: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editor Selection Figure}
1.3 bowersj2 2656:
2657: \end_inset
2658:
2659:
2660: \end_float
1.6 bowersj2 2661: To create a Sequence resource, create a new resource as described in section
1.3 bowersj2 2662:
2663: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages}
2664:
2665: \end_inset
2666:
2667: .
2668: This is a
2669: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2670: \end_inset
2671:
1.6 bowersj2 2672: sequence
1.3 bowersj2 2673: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2674: \end_inset
2675:
2676: resource so the URL must end in
2677: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2678: \end_inset
2679:
1.6 bowersj2 2680: .sequence
1.3 bowersj2 2681: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2682: \end_inset
2683:
2684: .
2685: After you enter in the URL ending in
2686: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2687: \end_inset
2688:
1.6 bowersj2 2689: .sequence
1.3 bowersj2 2690: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2691: \end_inset
2692:
2693: , you should see a screen as in figure
1.5 bowersj2 2694: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure}
1.2 bowersj2 2695:
1.3 bowersj2 2696: \end_inset
1.2 bowersj2 2697:
1.3 bowersj2 2698: .
1.5 bowersj2 2699: You can use either the advanced editor or the simplified editor.
1.3 bowersj2 2700: \layout Subsection
2701:
1.6 bowersj2 2702: Creating a Simple .sequence With The Simple Editor
1.5 bowersj2 2703: \layout Standard
2704:
2705: \begin_float fig
2706: \layout Standard
2707: \align center
2708:
2709: \begin_inset Figure size 476 250
2710: file mapSimpleEditor.eps
2711: width 3 80
2712: flags 9
2713:
2714: \end_inset
2715:
2716:
2717: \layout Caption
2718:
2719: Simple Map Editor
2720: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Simple Map Editor}
2721:
2722: \end_inset
2723:
2724:
2725: \end_float
1.6 bowersj2 2726: After creating a new .sequence resource and getting the editor selection
2727: prompt (figure
1.5 bowersj2 2728: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure}
2729:
2730: \end_inset
2731:
2732: ), click the
2733: \series bold
2734: Simple Edit
2735: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 2736: button to get to the simple map editor, which appears in figure
1.5 bowersj2 2737: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Simple Map Editor}
1.4 bowersj2 2738:
2739: \end_inset
2740:
1.5 bowersj2 2741: .
2742:
2743: \layout Standard
2744:
2745: The Simple Editor can create .sequences and .pages which are linear, which
2746: means they have no branches or conditions.
2747: \layout Standard
2748:
2749: On the right side of the simple editor is the
2750: \series bold
2751: Target
2752: \series default
2753: , which represents the map you are currently building.
2754: On the left side is the
2755: \series bold
2756: Import
2757: \series default
2758: area, which represents a work area you can use for your convenience to
2759: load and manipulate resource you may wish to include in your map.
2760: Using the three buttons in the middle of the screen, from top to bottom
2761: you can cut things out of the Target, copy from the Target to the Import,
2762: and copy from the Import to the Target, respectively.
2763: \layout Standard
2764:
2765: On both sides of the screen, you can do a Group Search and a Group Import.
2766: A Group Search allows you to run a search, then import selected results
2767: from that search into either directly into your Map, or into your Import
2768: space.
2769: Checkboxes will appear next to the results in the Group Search, and you
1.6 bowersj2 2770: can click the resource you wish to add to your map in the order that you
2771: want them added.
1.5 bowersj2 2772: After you select the resource, you will be presented with a screen that
2773: allows you to change the order of the selected resources, then you will
2774: be able to import the selected resources and work with them.
2775: \layout Standard
2776:
2777: A Group Import works in a similar fashion, but allows you to use the LON-CAPA
2778: network browser to select your resources.
2779: \layout Standard
2780:
2781: On the Import side, you can also browse for another Map, and load the resources
2782: used in that map into your Import workspace.
2783: You can also discard the selected resources, clear all the resources, and
2784: view the selected resource from the buttons on the Import side of the screen.
2785:
2786: \layout Standard
2787:
2788: Both list boxes support standard multi-select mechanisms as used in your
2789: OS.
2790: \layout Subsection
2791:
1.6 bowersj2 2792: Creating a Simple .sequence With The Advanced Editor
1.5 bowersj2 2793: \layout Standard
2794:
1.6 bowersj2 2795: After creating a new .sequence resource and getting the editor selection
2796: prompt (figure
1.5 bowersj2 2797: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure}
2798:
2799: \end_inset
1.4 bowersj2 2800:
1.5 bowersj2 2801: ), click the
2802: \series bold
2803: Advanced Edit
2804: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 2805: button to get to the advanced map editor.
1.5 bowersj2 2806:
2807: \begin_float fig
1.3 bowersj2 2808: \layout Standard
1.5 bowersj2 2809: \align center
2810:
2811: \begin_inset Figure size 476 205
2812: file mapAdvancedEditorNew.eps
2813: width 3 80
2814: flags 11
2815:
2816: \end_inset
2817:
2818:
2819: \layout Caption
1.3 bowersj2 2820:
1.5 bowersj2 2821: Initial Map Editor
2822: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Initial Map Editor FIgure}
2823:
2824: \end_inset
2825:
2826:
2827: \end_float
1.6 bowersj2 2828: You should see the initial map editor as shown in figure
1.5 bowersj2 2829: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Initial Map Editor FIgure}
2830:
2831: \end_inset
2832:
2833: .
1.6 bowersj2 2834: Note there are two windows: One is the workspace, and one is a secondary
2835: window which will contain information as you add resources.
1.3 bowersj2 2836: \layout Enumerate
2837:
2838: \begin_float fig
2839: \layout Standard
2840: \align center
2841:
1.4 bowersj2 2842: \begin_inset Figure size 476 221
2843: file mapClickedStart.eps
1.3 bowersj2 2844: width 3 80
2845: flags 9
2846:
2847: \end_inset
2848:
2849:
2850: \layout Caption
2851:
1.6 bowersj2 2852: After clicking
2853: \series bold
2854: Start
2855: \series default
2856: in the Map Constructor
1.4 bowersj2 2857: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Clicked Start Figure}
2858:
2859: \end_inset
2860:
2861:
2862: \end_float
1.6 bowersj2 2863: Click the
2864: \series bold
2865: Start
2866: \series default
2867: box.
1.4 bowersj2 2868: You'll see what you see in figure
2869: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Clicked Start Figure}
2870:
2871: \end_inset
2872:
2873: .
2874: Click
1.6 bowersj2 2875: \series bold
1.4 bowersj2 2876: Link Resource
1.6 bowersj2 2877: \series default
2878: in the secondary window, then click on the
2879: \series bold
2880: Finish
2881: \series default
2882: box.
1.4 bowersj2 2883: \begin_float fig
2884: \layout Standard
2885: \align center
2886:
1.5 bowersj2 2887: \begin_inset Figure size 70 210
1.4 bowersj2 2888: file mapStraightened.eps
1.5 bowersj2 2889: height 3 25
1.4 bowersj2 2890: flags 9
1.3 bowersj2 2891:
2892: \end_inset
2893:
2894:
1.4 bowersj2 2895: \layout Caption
2896:
2897: Straightened Map
2898: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Striaghtened map}
1.3 bowersj2 2899:
2900: \end_inset
2901:
1.4 bowersj2 2902:
2903: \end_float
2904: After that, click
1.6 bowersj2 2905: \series bold
2906: Straighten
2907: \series default
1.4 bowersj2 2908: .
2909: You should see something like figure
2910: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Striaghtened map}
2911:
2912: \end_inset
1.3 bowersj2 2913:
1.4 bowersj2 2914: .
2915: This creates a simple map that flows from beginning to end.
1.3 bowersj2 2916: \layout Enumerate
2917:
2918: \begin_float fig
2919: \layout Standard
2920: \align center
2921:
1.5 bowersj2 2922: \begin_inset Figure size 271 252
1.4 bowersj2 2923: file mapInsertResource.eps
1.5 bowersj2 2924: height 3 30
1.3 bowersj2 2925: flags 9
2926:
2927: \end_inset
2928:
2929:
2930: \layout Caption
2931:
1.4 bowersj2 2932: Inserting a Resource
2933: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Inserting a Resource Figure}
1.3 bowersj2 2934:
2935: \end_inset
2936:
2937:
2938: \end_float
1.6 bowersj2 2939: To insert a resource into the flow, click the black line with two arrows,
2940: seen between the
2941: \series bold
2942: Start
2943: \series default
2944: and
2945: \series bold
2946: Finish
2947: \series default
2948: boxes in figure
2949: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Striaghtened map}
2950:
2951: \end_inset
2952:
2953: .
1.4 bowersj2 2954: In the secondary window, you'll see something like figure
2955: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Inserting a Resource Figure}
1.3 bowersj2 2956:
2957: \end_inset
2958:
1.4 bowersj2 2959: .
1.3 bowersj2 2960: Click
2961: \series bold
1.4 bowersj2 2962: Insert Resource Into Link
2963: \series default
2964: .
1.6 bowersj2 2965: A new resource box will appear in the link.
2966: Click the resource, which will have the label
2967: \series bold
2968: Res
2969: \series default
2970: .
1.4 bowersj2 2971: \layout Enumerate
2972:
2973: Click
2974: \series bold
1.3 bowersj2 2975: Browse
2976: \series default
2977: , and the
2978: \series bold
2979: Network Directory Browser
2980: \series default
2981: will appear,
2982: \begin_float fig
2983: \layout Standard
2984: \align center
2985:
1.5 bowersj2 2986: \begin_inset Figure size 357 162
1.3 bowersj2 2987: file mapEditorDirectoryBrowser.eps
1.5 bowersj2 2988: width 3 60
1.3 bowersj2 2989: flags 9
2990:
2991: \end_inset
2992:
2993:
2994: \layout Caption
2995:
2996: Network Directory Browser
2997: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editor Network Directory Browser Figure}
2998:
2999: \end_inset
3000:
3001:
3002: \end_float
3003: looking something like figure
3004: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Network Directory Browser Figure}
3005:
3006: \end_inset
3007:
3008: .
1.6 bowersj2 3009: Press the
3010: \series bold
3011: SELECT
3012: \series default
3013: button that is next to the resource you want to place in the chosen resource
3014: box.
1.3 bowersj2 3015: \begin_float fig
3016: \layout Standard
3017: \align center
3018:
1.5 bowersj2 3019: \begin_inset Figure size 42 252
1.3 bowersj2 3020: file mapEditorResourceChosen.eps
1.5 bowersj2 3021: height 3 30
1.3 bowersj2 3022: flags 9
3023:
3024: \end_inset
3025:
3026:
3027: \layout Caption
3028:
3029: Resource Chosen
3030: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Resource Chosen Figure}
3031:
3032: \end_inset
3033:
1.4 bowersj2 3034:
1.3 bowersj2 3035: \end_float
3036: Once you've done that, if you look back at the window that popped up when
3037: you clicked on
3038: \series bold
3039: New Resource
3040: \series default
3041: , you'll see something like figure
3042: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Resource Chosen Figure}
3043:
3044: \end_inset
3045:
3046: .
3047: You can type the
3048: \series bold
3049: URL
3050: \series default
3051: and
3052: \series bold
3053: Title
3054: \series default
1.4 bowersj2 3055: into the secondary window, if you prefer, following the format you see
1.6 bowersj2 3056: when you've successfully browsed to a resource.
1.3 bowersj2 3057: After you click
3058: \series bold
3059: Save Changes
3060: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 3061: , your changes will be set, and the icons for the resource will appear in
3062: the
1.3 bowersj2 3063: \series bold
3064: Res
3065: \series default
3066: box, as shown in figure
3067: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Resource Chosen Figure}
3068:
3069: \end_inset
3070:
3071: .
1.6 bowersj2 3072: Click
3073: \series bold
3074: Save Map
3075: \series default
3076: in the bar above your map to save the map.
1.3 bowersj2 3077: \begin_deeper
3078: \layout Standard
3079:
3080: Clicking on the left icon for a resource will open a new browser window
3081: with an informational page about that resource.
3082: Clicking on the right icon for a resource will open a new browser window
3083: taking you to the rendering of that resource.
3084: \end_deeper
3085: \layout Enumerate
3086:
1.4 bowersj2 3087: Repeat steps two and three for as many resources as you'd like to bind together
3088: into one page.
3089: You can insert the new resources anywhere you'd like.
1.3 bowersj2 3090: \layout Enumerate
3091:
1.4 bowersj2 3092: When you are done adding resources, click the
1.3 bowersj2 3093: \series bold
1.4 bowersj2 3094: Save Map
1.3 bowersj2 3095: \series default
1.4 bowersj2 3096: link to save the map.
1.5 bowersj2 3097: \layout Standard
3098:
3099: In addition to manually adding in resources, the Advanced Editor also has
3100: the ability to import resource in the same way that the Simple Editor can:
3101: From a LON-CAPA network browser window, from a Group Search, or from another
3102: Map.
3103: \layout Standard
3104:
3105: The advanced editor has many more capabilities which you can explore.
1.4 bowersj2 3106: \layout Subsection
1.3 bowersj2 3107:
1.6 bowersj2 3108: Page Maps
3109: \layout Standard
1.3 bowersj2 3110:
1.6 bowersj2 3111: Creating a .page map is the same as creating a sequence map, except that
3112: when choosing the name of the resource, the URL will end with
3113: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1.3 bowersj2 3114: \end_inset
3115:
1.6 bowersj2 3116: .page
3117: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3118: \end_inset
1.3 bowersj2 3119:
1.6 bowersj2 3120: .
3121: Then all resources you add in the map editor will appear on one page together.
1.4 bowersj2 3122: \layout Standard
1.3 bowersj2 3123:
1.6 bowersj2 3124: Pages are often used to connect problems in a homework set.
1.4 bowersj2 3125: \layout Subsection
1.3 bowersj2 3126:
1.4 bowersj2 3127: Creating a Course: Top-level Sequence
3128: \layout Standard
1.3 bowersj2 3129:
1.4 bowersj2 3130: In order to view sequences, they need to be part of a
1.3 bowersj2 3131: \series bold
1.4 bowersj2 3132: course
1.3 bowersj2 3133: \series default
1.4 bowersj2 3134: .
1.3 bowersj2 3135: \begin_float fig
3136: \layout Standard
3137: \align center
3138:
1.5 bowersj2 3139: \begin_inset Figure size 238 231
1.4 bowersj2 3140: file creatingANewCourse.eps
1.5 bowersj2 3141: width 3 40
1.4 bowersj2 3142: flags 9
1.3 bowersj2 3143:
3144: \end_inset
3145:
3146:
3147: \layout Caption
3148:
1.4 bowersj2 3149: Creating a New Course
3150: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating a New Course Figure}
1.3 bowersj2 3151:
3152: \end_inset
3153:
3154:
3155: \end_float
1.4 bowersj2 3156: Courses have a Top-level Map which defines the whole course.
3157: This top-level map will often itself contain maps corresponding to homework
1.6 bowersj2 3158: assignments, chapters, or units.
1.4 bowersj2 3159: To view your maps, you will need to make them part of a course.
1.6 bowersj2 3160: Only Domain Coordinators can make courses and set their Top-level maps,
3161: so work with your Domain Coordinator if you need to view your maps.
1.3 bowersj2 3162: \layout Section
3163:
3164: Numerical Response
3165: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Numerical Response}
3166:
3167: \end_inset
3168:
3169:
3170: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Numerical Response}
3171:
3172: \end_inset
3173:
1.4 bowersj2 3174: And Formula Response Questions
1.3 bowersj2 3175: \layout Standard
3176:
3177: Numerical Response problems are very powerful.
3178: In fact, they are so powerful it would be impossible to fully explain what
3179: is possible in a document like this.
1.6 bowersj2 3180: This chapter will focus on getting you started with Numerical Response
1.3 bowersj2 3181: problems, and showing you some of the possibilities, with no prerequisite
1.5 bowersj2 3182: knowledge necessary.
1.3 bowersj2 3183: The more you learn, the more you will find you can do.
3184: \layout Standard
3185:
3186: If you like, you can follow this chapter along as its own tutorial.
3187: Create a Numerical Response problem using the instructions in section
3188: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages}
3189:
3190: \end_inset
3191:
3192: , ending your resource name with
3193: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3194: \end_inset
3195:
3196: .problem
3197: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3198: \end_inset
3199:
3200: , and create a new
3201: \series bold
3202: Simple Numerical Response
3203: \series default
3204: problem.
3205: \layout Subsection
3206:
3207: The Parts of a Numerical Response Problem
3208: \layout Standard
3209:
3210: \begin_float fig
3211: \layout Standard
3212: \align center
3213:
3214: \begin_inset Figure size 476 356
3215: file numericalResponse1.eps
3216: width 3 80
3217: flags 9
3218:
3219: \end_inset
3220:
3221:
3222: \layout Caption
3223:
3224: Numerical Response editor
3225: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Numerical Response Editor Figure}
3226:
3227: \end_inset
3228:
3229:
3230: \end_float
3231: A Numerical Response problem has seven major parts by default, as seen in
3232: figure
3233: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response Editor Figure}
3234:
3235: \end_inset
3236:
3237: :
3238: \layout Enumerate
3239:
3240: The
3241: \series bold
3242: Script
3243: \series default
3244: .
3245: The script is the heart of advanced Numerical Response problems.
3246: It can be used to decide some of the parameters of the problem, compute
3247: the answer to the problem, and do just about anything else you can imagine.
3248: The Script language is
3249: \series bold
3250: Perl
1.6 bowersj2 3251: \series default
1.3 bowersj2 3252: .
1.6 bowersj2 3253: You do not need to know Perl to use the
3254: \series bold
3255: Script
3256: \series default
3257: block, as we will be stepping through some advanced examples in this chapter,
3258: but knowing Perl can help.
1.3 bowersj2 3259: \layout Enumerate
3260:
3261: Like other problem types, the
3262: \series bold
3263: Text Block
3264: \series default
3265: is used to display the problem the student will see.
1.6 bowersj2 3266: In addition, you can place variables in the
1.3 bowersj2 3267: \series bold
3268: Text Block
3269: \series default
3270: based on computations done in the
3271: \series bold
3272: Script
3273: \series default
3274: .
3275: \layout Enumerate
3276:
3277: The
3278: \series bold
3279: Answer
3280: \series default
3281: is the answer the system is looking for.
3282: This can also use parameters from the
3283: \series bold
3284: Script
3285: \series default
3286: block, allowing the answer to be computed dynamically.
3287: \layout Enumerate
3288:
3289: A
3290: \series bold
3291: tolerance
3292: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance}
3293:
3294: \end_inset
3295:
3296:
3297: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 3298: parameter, which determines how closely the system will require the student's
1.3 bowersj2 3299: answer to be in order to count it correct.
3300: For technical reasons, it is almost never a good idea to set this parameter
3301: to zero
3302: \begin_float footnote
3303: \layout Standard
3304:
3305: Computers can only approximate computations involving real numbers.
3306: For instance, a computer's [decimal] answer to the simple problem
3307: \begin_inset Formula \( \frac{1}{3} \)
3308: \end_inset
3309:
3310: is
3311: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3312: \end_inset
3313:
3314: 0.33333333333333331
3315: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3316: \end_inset
3317:
3318: .
3319: It
3320: \emph on
3321: should
3322: \emph default
3323: be an infinite series of 3's, and there certainly shouldn't be a
3324: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3325: \end_inset
3326:
3327: 1
3328: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3329: \end_inset
3330:
3331: in the answer, but no computer can represent an infinitely long, infinitely
3332: detailed real number.
3333: Therefore, for any problem where the answer is not a small integer, you
3334:
3335: \emph on
3336: need
3337: \emph default
3338: to allow a tolerance factor, or the students will find it nearly impossible
3339: to exactly match the computers idea of the answer.
3340: \end_float
3341: , though you may find the default too large for some problems.
3342: There are two kinds of tolerance.
1.6 bowersj2 3343: For some answer
1.3 bowersj2 3344: \begin_inset Formula \( a \)
3345: \end_inset
3346:
3347: and a tolerance
3348: \begin_inset Formula \( t \)
3349: \end_inset
3350:
3351: ,
3352: \begin_deeper
3353: \layout Enumerate
3354:
3355: an
3356: \series bold
3357: Absolute
3358: \series default
3359: tolerance
3360: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{absolute tolerance}
3361:
3362: \end_inset
3363:
3364:
3365: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, absolute}
3366:
3367: \end_inset
3368:
3369: will take anything in the range
3370: \begin_inset Formula \( a\pm t \)
3371: \end_inset
3372:
3373: .
3374: So if
3375: \begin_inset Formula \( a=10 \)
3376: \end_inset
3377:
3378: and
3379: \begin_inset Formula \( t=2 \)
3380: \end_inset
3381:
3382: , then anything between 8 and 12 is acceptable
3383: \begin_float footnote
3384: \end_deeper
3385: \layout Standard
3386:
3387: For much the same reasons a tolerance is almost always a good idea, it's
3388: almost impossible to say whether an answer that is
3389: \emph on
3390: exactly
3391: \emph default
3392:
3393: \begin_inset Formula \( a\pm t \)
3394: \end_inset
3395:
3396: will be accepted by the computer.
3397: But the computer does use many decimal places of accuracy; if you want
3398: to have the student answer exactly
3399: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3400: \end_inset
3401:
3402: 2
3403: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3404: \end_inset
3405:
3406: , then specifying a tolerance of
3407: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3408: \end_inset
3409:
3410: .0000001
3411: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3412: \end_inset
3413:
3414: is OK.
3415: (Don't use too many more zeros, though you can use less if you like.)
3416: \end_float
3417: .
3418: Any number in the tolerance field
3419: \emph on
3420: without
3421: \emph default
3422: a
3423: \series bold
3424: %
3425: \series default
3426: symbol is an absolute tolerance.
3427: \begin_deeper
3428: \layout Enumerate
3429:
3430: a
3431: \series bold
3432: Relative
3433: \series default
3434: tolerance
3435: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{relative tolerance}
3436:
3437: \end_inset
3438:
3439:
3440: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, relative}
3441:
3442: \end_inset
3443:
3444: will take anything in the range
3445: \begin_inset Formula \( a\pm at \)
3446: \end_inset
3447:
3448: , where
3449: \emph on
3450: t
3451: \emph default
3452: is interpreted as a percentage.
3453: Any number in the tolerance field
3454: \emph on
1.5 bowersj2 3455: followed by
1.3 bowersj2 3456: \emph default
3457: a
3458: \series bold
3459: %
3460: \series default
3461: symbol is a relative tolerance.
3462: For example,
3463: \begin_inset Formula \( a=10 \)
3464: \end_inset
3465:
3466: and
3467: \begin_inset Formula \( t=10\% \)
3468: \end_inset
3469:
3470: will accept anything between 9 and 11.
3471:
3472: \end_deeper
3473: \layout Enumerate
3474:
3475: A
3476: \series bold
3477: significant figures
3478: \series default
3479: specification tells the system how many significant figures there are in
3480: the problem, as either a single number or a range of acceptable values,
3481: expressed as
3482: \series bold
3483: min,max
3484: \series default
3485: .
3486: The system will check to make sure that the student's answer contains this
3487: many significant digits, useful in many scientific calculations.
3488: For example, if the problem has three significant digits, the significant
3489: digit specification is
3490: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3491: \end_inset
3492:
3493: 3
3494: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3495: \end_inset
3496:
3497: , and the answer is
3498: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3499: \end_inset
3500:
3501: 1.3
3502: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3503: \end_inset
3504:
3505: , the system will require the students to type
3506: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3507: \end_inset
3508:
3509: 1.30
3510: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3511: \end_inset
3512:
3513: , even though numerically,
3514: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3515: \end_inset
3516:
3517: 1.3
3518: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3519: \end_inset
3520:
3521: and
3522: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3523: \end_inset
3524:
3525: 1.30
3526: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3527: \end_inset
3528:
3529: are the same.
1.6 bowersj2 3530: A significant figure specification of
3531: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3532: \end_inset
3533:
3534: 3,4
3535: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3536: \end_inset
3537:
3538: means both
3539: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3540: \end_inset
3541:
3542: 1.30
3543: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3544: \end_inset
3545:
3546: and
3547: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3548: \end_inset
3549:
3550: 1.300
3551: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3552: \end_inset
1.3 bowersj2 3553:
1.6 bowersj2 3554: are acceptable.
1.3 bowersj2 3555: \layout Enumerate
3556:
3557: The
3558: \series bold
3559: Single Line Text Entry
3560: \series default
3561: area, as in other problems, allow you to manipulate the text entry area
3562: the student will see.
3563: \layout Enumerate
3564:
3565: Finally, the
3566: \series bold
3567: Hint
3568: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 3569: should contain text which will help the students when they answer incorrectly.
1.3 bowersj2 3570: \layout Subsection
3571:
3572: Simple Numerical Response Answer
3573: \layout Standard
3574:
3575: Along with showing the Numerical Response editor, figure
3576: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response Editor Figure}
3577:
3578: \end_inset
3579:
3580: also shows the parameters for one of the simplest possible types of numerical
3581: response.
3582: The
3583: \series bold
3584: Text Block
3585: \series default
3586: has the problem's question, which is the static text
3587: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3588: \end_inset
3589:
3590: What is 2 + 2?
3591: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3592: \end_inset
3593:
3594: The
3595: \series bold
3596: Answer
3597: \series default
3598: is
3599: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3600: \end_inset
3601:
3602: 4
3603: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3604: \end_inset
3605:
3606: .
3607: The
3608: \series bold
3609: Hint
3610: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 3611: has been set to something appropriate for this problem.
1.3 bowersj2 3612: Everything else has the default values from when the problem was created.
3613: \layout Standard
3614:
3615: If you create a problem like this, hit
3616: \series bold
3617: Submit Changes
3618: \series default
3619: , then hit
3620: \series bold
3621: View
3622: \series default
3623: after the changes have been submitted, you can try the problem out for
3624: yourself.
3625: Note the last box in the HTML page has the answer LON-CAPA is looking for
3626: conveniently displayed for you, along with the range the computer will
1.6 bowersj2 3627: accept and the number of significant digits the computer requires when
3628: viewed by an
3629: \series bold
3630: Author
3631: \series default
3632: .
1.3 bowersj2 3633: \layout Standard
3634:
3635: As you're playing with the problem, if you use up all your tries or get
3636: the answer correct but wish to continue playing with the problem, use the
3637:
3638: \series bold
3639: Reset Submissions
3640: \series default
3641: button to clear your answer attempts.
3642:
3643: \layout Subsection
3644:
3645: Simple Script Usage
3646: \layout Standard
3647:
3648: Totally static problems only scratch the surface of the Numerical Response
3649: capabilities.
3650: To really explore the power of LON-CAPA, we need to start creating dynamic
3651: problems.
3652: But before we can get to truly dynamic problems, we need to learn how to
3653: work with the
3654: \series bold
3655: Script
3656: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Script}
3657:
3658: \end_inset
3659:
3660:
3661: \series default
3662: window.
3663: \layout Standard
3664:
3665: A script consists of several
3666: \series bold
3667: statements
3668: \series default
1.5 bowersj2 3669: , separated by
1.3 bowersj2 3670: \series bold
3671: semi-colons
3672: \series default
3673: .
3674: A
3675: \series bold
3676: statement
3677: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{statement}
3678:
3679: \end_inset
3680:
3681:
3682: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 3683: is the smallest kind of instruction to the computer.
1.3 bowersj2 3684: Most problems will be built from several statements.
3685:
3686: \layout Standard
3687:
3688: A script can contain
3689: \series bold
3690: comments
3691: \series default
3692: , which are not interpreted as statements by the computer.
3693: Comments start with
3694: \series bold
3695: #
3696: \series default
3697: , and go to the end of that line.
3698: Thus, if a line starts with #, the whole line is ignored.
3699: Comments can also begin in the middle of a line.
3700: It is a good idea to comment more complicated scripts, as it can be very
3701: difficult to read a large script and figure out what it does.
3702: It is a
3703: \emph on
3704: very
3705: \emph default
3706: good idea to adopt some sort of commenting standard, especially if you
1.5 bowersj2 3707: are working in a group or you believe other people may use your problems
3708: in the future.
1.4 bowersj2 3709: \layout Itemize
1.3 bowersj2 3710:
3711: One of the simplest statements in LON-CAPA is a
3712: \series bold
3713: variable assignment
3714: \series default
3715: .
3716: A
3717: \series bold
3718: variable
3719: \series default
3720: can hold any value in it.
1.6 bowersj2 3721: The variable name must start with a
1.3 bowersj2 3722: \series bold
3723: $
3724: \series default
3725: .
3726: In the
3727: \series bold
3728: Script
3729: \series default
3730: , you need to assign to variables before you use them.
1.6 bowersj2 3731: Put this program into the
3732: \series bold
3733: Script
3734: \series default
3735: field of the Numerical Response:
3736: \begin_deeper
1.3 bowersj2 3737: \layout LyX-Code
1.6 bowersj2 3738:
1.3 bowersj2 3739: $variable = 3;
1.6 bowersj2 3740: \layout Standard
1.3 bowersj2 3741:
1.6 bowersj2 3742: This creates a variable named
1.3 bowersj2 3743: \series bold
3744: variable
3745: \series default
3746: and assigns it the value of
3747: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3748: \end_inset
3749:
3750: 3
3751: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3752: \end_inset
3753:
3754: .
3755: That's one statement.
1.6 bowersj2 3756: \end_deeper
1.3 bowersj2 3757: \layout Standard
3758:
3759: Variable names are
3760: \emph on
3761: case sensitive
3762: \emph default
3763: , must start with a letter, and can only consist of letters, numbers, and
3764: underscores.
3765: Variable names can be as long as you want.
3766:
3767: \layout Standard
3768:
3769: There are many variable naming conventions, covering both how to name and
1.5 bowersj2 3770: how to capitalize variables
1.3 bowersj2 3771: \begin_float footnote
3772: \layout Standard
3773:
3774: The author favors
3775: \family typewriter
3776: capsOnNewWords
3777: \family default
3778: .
3779: Some people use
3780: \family typewriter
1.6 bowersj2 3781: underscore_to_separate_words
1.3 bowersj2 3782: \family default
3783: .
3784: Many use uppercase letters to specify constants like
3785: \family typewriter
3786: PI
3787: \family default
3788: or
3789: \family typewriter
3790: GOLDEN_MEAN
3791: \family default
3792: .
3793: Some people always
3794: \family typewriter
3795: StartWithCapatalization
3796: \family default
3797: .
1.6 bowersj2 3798: What's really important is to be consistent, so you don't have to guess
1.3 bowersj2 3799: whether the variable you're thinking of is
3800: \family typewriter
3801: coefFriction
3802: \family default
3803: ,
3804: \family typewriter
3805: CoefFriction
3806: \family default
3807: ,
3808: \family typewriter
3809: COEF_FRICTION
3810: \family default
3811: , or something else.
3812: \end_float
3813: .
3814: It is a good idea to adopt a standard.
3815: If you are working with a group, you may wish to discuss it in your group
3816: and agree on a convention.
3817:
3818: \layout Standard
3819:
3820: If you
3821: \series bold
3822: Submit Changes
3823: \series default
3824: and
3825: \series bold
3826: View
3827: \series default
3828: the problem, you'll see nothing has changed.
3829: That's because in order for a variable to be useful, it must be used.
3830: The variable can be used in several places.
3831: \layout Subsubsection
3832:
3833: Variables in Scripts
3834: \layout Standard
3835:
3836: Variables can be used later in the same script.
3837: For instance, we can add another line below the
3838: \family typewriter
3839: $variable
3840: \family default
3841: line as such:
3842: \layout LyX-Code
3843:
3844: $variable2 = $variable + 2;
3845: \layout Standard
3846:
1.5 bowersj2 3847: Now there is a variable called
1.3 bowersj2 3848: \family typewriter
3849: $variable2
3850: \family default
1.5 bowersj2 3851: with the the number
1.3 bowersj2 3852: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3853: \end_inset
3854:
3855: 5
3856: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3857: \end_inset
3858:
1.5 bowersj2 3859: as its value.
1.3 bowersj2 3860:
3861: \layout Standard
3862:
3863: Variables can also be used in
3864: \emph on
3865: strings
3866: \emph default
3867:
3868: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{strings}
3869:
3870: \end_inset
3871:
3872: , which are a sequence of letters.
3873: The underlying language of the script, Perl, has a very large number of
3874: ways of using variables in strings, but the easiest and most common way
3875: is to use normal double-quotes and just spell out the name of the variable
3876: you want to use in the string, like this:
3877: \layout LyX-Code
3878:
3879: $stringVar =
3880: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3881: \end_inset
3882:
3883: I have a variable with the value $variable.
3884: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3885: \end_inset
3886:
3887:
3888: \layout Standard
3889:
3890: This will put the string
3891: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3892: \end_inset
3893:
3894: I have a variable with the value 3.
3895: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3896: \end_inset
3897:
3898: into the variable named
3899: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3900: \end_inset
3901:
3902: stringVar
3903: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3904: \end_inset
3905:
3906: .
3907: \layout Standard
3908:
3909: If you are following this chapter as a tutorial, add the previous two lines
1.6 bowersj2 3910: to your
3911: \series bold
3912: Script
3913: \series default
3914: and submit the changes for the problem.
1.3 bowersj2 3915: There's no need to view it; there's still no visible change.
3916: \layout Subsubsection
3917:
3918: Variables in the Text Block
3919: \layout Standard
3920:
3921: Once you've defined variables in the
3922: \series bold
3923: Script
3924: \series default
3925: , you can use them in the
3926: \series bold
3927: Text Block
3928: \series default
3929: .
3930: For example, using the previous three-line script we've created so far,
3931: you can place the following in the
3932: \series bold
3933: Text Block
3934: \series default
3935: :
3936: \layout LyX-Code
3937:
3938: See the 3: $variable<br />
3939: \layout LyX-Code
3940:
3941: See the string: <b>$stringVar</b><br />
3942: \layout Standard
3943:
3944: \begin_float fig
3945: \layout Standard
3946: \align center
3947:
3948: \begin_inset Figure size 353 99
3949: file numericalResponseVarInText.eps
3950: flags 9
3951:
3952: \end_inset
3953:
3954:
3955: \layout Caption
3956:
3957: Result of Variables in the Text Block
3958: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Result of Variables in the Text Block Figure}
3959:
3960: \end_inset
3961:
3962:
3963: \end_float
3964: If you save that and hit
3965: \series bold
3966: View
3967: \series default
3968: , you should get what you see in figure
3969: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Result of Variables in the Text Block Figure}
3970:
3971: \end_inset
3972:
3973: .
3974: Note how the
3975: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3976: \end_inset
3977:
3978: $variable
3979: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3980: \end_inset
3981:
3982: was turned into a 3, and the
3983: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3984: \end_inset
3985:
3986: $stringVar
3987: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3988: \end_inset
3989:
3990: was turned into
3991: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3992: \end_inset
3993:
3994: I have a variable with the value 3.
3995: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3996: \end_inset
3997:
3998:
3999: \layout Subsubsection
4000:
4001: Variables in the Answer Block
4002: \layout Standard
4003:
4004: You can use variables in the
4005: \series bold
4006: Answer
4007: \series default
4008: part of the question, too.
4009: This means you can compute an answer to a question, which we'll see in
4010: a bit.
4011: If you set the answer of the question to be
1.6 bowersj2 4012: \series bold
1.3 bowersj2 4013: $variable
1.6 bowersj2 4014: \series default
4015: ,
1.3 bowersj2 4016: \series bold
4017: Save Changes
4018: \series default
4019: and
4020: \series bold
4021: View
4022: \series default
4023: it, you'll see that LON-CAPA is now expecting
4024: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4025: \end_inset
4026:
1.6 bowersj2 4027: 3.0
1.3 bowersj2 4028: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4029: \end_inset
4030:
4031: as the answer, plus or minus 5%.
4032: \layout Subsection
4033:
4034: Calling Functions
4035: \layout Standard
4036:
1.4 bowersj2 4037: With variables, you can store strings or numbers.
4038:
4039: \series bold
4040: Functions
4041: \series default
4042: allow you to manipulate these strings or numbers.
1.5 bowersj2 4043: Functions work like mathematical functions: They take some number of arguments
4044: in, and return one argument, usually a number or a string for our purposes.
1.4 bowersj2 4045: There are a lot of functions available in LON-CAPA.
4046: You can see a complete list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/hom
4047: ework5.html.
4048: For now, let's just look at some simple examples.
4049: \layout Standard
4050:
4051: \begin_float fig
4052: \layout LyX-Code
4053:
1.6 bowersj2 4054: $a = -3.0;
1.4 bowersj2 4055: \layout LyX-Code
4056:
4057: $b = &sin($a);
4058: \layout LyX-Code
4059:
1.6 bowersj2 4060: $c = &pow(3.0, &abs($a));
1.4 bowersj2 4061: \layout Caption
4062:
4063: Some Function Calls
4064: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Some Function Calls Figure}
4065:
4066: \end_inset
4067:
4068:
4069: \end_float
4070: In the
4071: \series bold
4072: Script
4073: \series default
4074: block, function names start with
4075: \series bold
4076: &
4077: \series default
4078: .
4079: Some example function calls are shown in figure
4080: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Some Function Calls Figure}
4081:
4082: \end_inset
4083:
4084: .
4085: You can see that functions can take either variables, numbers, or the results
4086: of other function calls as parameters.
4087: The
4088: \family typewriter
1.6 bowersj2 4089: &sin
1.4 bowersj2 4090: \family default
4091: function returns the sine of an angle expressed in radians.
4092:
4093: \family typewriter
1.6 bowersj2 4094: &pow
1.4 bowersj2 4095: \family default
4096: raises the first parameter to the power of the second parameter.
4097:
4098: \family typewriter
1.6 bowersj2 4099: &abs
1.4 bowersj2 4100: \family default
1.6 bowersj2 4101: returns the absolute value of the argument.
1.3 bowersj2 4102: \layout Subsubsection
4103:
4104: Randomization
4105: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Randomization}
4106:
4107: \end_inset
4108:
4109:
4110: \layout Standard
4111:
1.5 bowersj2 4112: For LON-CAPA, one of the most important functions is the
1.4 bowersj2 4113: \family typewriter
4114: random
4115: \family default
4116: function.
1.6 bowersj2 4117: Random takes three parameters: a
1.4 bowersj2 4118: \emph on
4119: lower limit
4120: \emph default
4121: , an
4122: \emph on
4123: upper limit
4124: \emph default
4125: , and an
4126: \emph on
4127: interval
4128: \emph default
4129: .
4130: The
4131: \family typewriter
1.6 bowersj2 4132: &random
1.4 bowersj2 4133: \family default
4134: function returns a random value between the upper and lower limit, some
4135: integer number of
4136: \emph on
4137: interval
4138: \emph default
4139: 's away from the lower limit.
4140: Thus, for example,
4141: \family typewriter
1.5 bowersj2 4142: &random(1,2,.2)
1.4 bowersj2 4143: \family default
4144: might return 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, or 2.
4145:
1.5 bowersj2 4146: \family typewriter
1.6 bowersj2 4147: &random
1.5 bowersj2 4148: \family default
4149: uses a uniform distribution.
4150: Other distributions are available in LON-CAPA, and can be found by consulting
4151: the function list.
1.4 bowersj2 4152: \layout Standard
4153:
4154: \begin_float fig
4155: \layout LyX-Code
4156:
1.6 bowersj2 4157: $a = &random(1.0,10.0,1.0);
1.4 bowersj2 4158: \layout LyX-Code
4159:
1.6 bowersj2 4160: $b = &random(-10.0, -3.0, 1.0);
1.4 bowersj2 4161: \layout LyX-Code
4162:
4163: $answer = $a+$b;
4164: \layout Caption
4165:
4166: Sample
4167: \family typewriter
4168: random
4169: \family default
4170: Calls
4171: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Sample Random Calls figure}
4172:
4173: \end_inset
4174:
4175:
4176: \end_float
4177: If you put the script in figure
4178: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Sample Random Calls figure}
4179:
4180: \end_inset
4181:
4182: into the
4183: \series bold
4184: Script
4185: \series default
4186: block (replacing whatever contents might be in the block already), you'll
4187: get two random variables $a and $b.
4188: Now, in the
4189: \series bold
4190: Text Block
4191: \series default
4192: , put
4193: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4194: \end_inset
4195:
4196: What is $a plus $b?
4197: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4198: \end_inset
4199:
4200: , and in the
4201: \series bold
4202: Answer
4203: \series default
4204: put
4205: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4206: \end_inset
4207:
4208: $answer
4209: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4210: \end_inset
4211:
4212: , without the quotes for either of them.
4213: (It is a good idea to create a variable to hold the answer and call it
1.5 bowersj2 4214: $answer, or some other reasonably standard name.
1.4 bowersj2 4215: Do not try to compute the answer in the
4216: \series bold
4217: Answer
4218: \series default
4219: field itself; it will not work as you expect.) Now save the problem and
4220:
4221: \series bold
4222: View
4223: \series default
4224: it.
4225: You'll see a randomized problem.
4226: \layout Standard
4227:
4228: For each student, the same random number will be used each time they visit
4229: the problem, but each student will get different random numbers.
4230: For any but the simplest random problems, you'll want to see several random
4231: problems to make sure everything is working out correctly.
4232: This is what the
4233: \series bold
4234: Random Seed
4235: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Random Seed}
4236:
4237: \end_inset
4238:
4239:
4240: \series default
4241: field is for.
4242: To see another randomized version of the problem you've just created, put
4243: another number into the
4244: \series bold
4245: Random Seed
4246: \series default
4247: field and hit
4248: \series bold
4249: Change
4250: \series default
4251: .
4252: It doesn't really matter what number you put into the field.
4253: But for any given
4254: \series bold
4255: Random Seed
4256: \series default
4257: with the same problem, you'll see the same randomized problem generated
4258: for you.
4259: (If you change the
4260: \series bold
4261: Script
4262: \series default
1.5 bowersj2 4263: , you are no longer guaranteed to get the same problem.)
1.4 bowersj2 4264: \layout Standard
4265:
4266: If you're doing this as a tutorial, try a few random seeds to see what happens.
1.3 bowersj2 4267: \layout Subsection
4268:
4269: Dynamic, Randomized Problems: Putting It All Together
4270: \layout Standard
4271:
1.4 bowersj2 4272: Now you have all the tools to create those wonderful dynamic, randomized
4273: problems that you've seen in LON-CAPA.
4274: \begin_float fig
4275: \layout Standard
4276: \align center
4277:
4278: \begin_inset Figure size 476 197
4279: file numericalResponseSlopeProblem.eps
4280: width 3 80
4281: flags 9
4282:
4283: \end_inset
4284:
4285:
4286: \layout Caption
4287:
4288: Slope Problem Parameters
4289: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Slope Problem Parameters Figure}
4290:
4291: \end_inset
4292:
4293:
4294: \end_float
4295: For example, try filling out your problem with the parameters shown in
4296: figure
4297: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Slope Problem Parameters Figure}
4298:
4299: \end_inset
4300:
4301: .
4302:
4303: \layout Standard
4304:
4305: When creating randomized problems, you want to make sure that the problems
1.5 bowersj2 4306: always have an answer.
4307: Consider what might happen if I had chosen the two slopes
1.4 bowersj2 4308: \emph on
4309: both
4310: \emph default
4311: with the expression
4312: \family typewriter
1.6 bowersj2 4313: &random(-1.0,1.0,.2)
1.4 bowersj2 4314: \family default
4315: .
4316: One out of ten students would get a problem where both slopes were equal,
4317: which has either no solution (for unequal y-intercepts) or an infinite
4318: number of solutions (for equal slopes and y-intercepts).
4319: Both of these cause a division-by-zero error on the division that computes
4320: the answer.
4321: There are many ways to avoid this, one of the easiest of which is picking
4322: one slope negative and one positive.
4323: This same problem can show up in many other places, too, so be careful.
4324: \layout Subsection
4325:
4326: Units, Format
4327: \layout Standard
4328:
4329: Numerical Response problems can require units.
1.5 bowersj2 4330: In the problem editing form, place the desired unit in the
1.4 bowersj2 4331: \series bold
4332: Unit
4333: \series default
4334: field.
4335: For information about what units the system accepts, see http://capa4.lite.msu.edu
4336: /demolibrary/Links/UnitsSymbolsT2.html.
4337: The computer will accept the answer in any of its accepted unit formats.
4338: For example, if the answer to a problem is
4339: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4340: \end_inset
4341:
4342: 1ft
4343: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4344: \end_inset
4345:
4346: , the computer will accept
4347: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4348: \end_inset
4349:
4350: 12in
4351: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4352: \end_inset
4353:
4354: as correct.
4355: \layout Standard
4356:
4357: Additionally, you can format the number displayed by the computer as the
4358: answer.
4359: For instance, if the answer is one-third, the computer will display that
4360: it computed
4361: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4362: \end_inset
4363:
4364: .333333333
4365: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4366: \end_inset
4367:
4368: as the answer.
4369: If you'd like to shorten that, you can use the
4370: \series bold
4371: Format
4372: \series default
4373: field.
4374: Format strings like
4375: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4376: \end_inset
4377:
1.7 ! bowersj2 4378: 2E
1.4 bowersj2 4379: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4380: \end_inset
4381:
4382: (without the quotes) will display three significant digits in scientific
4383: notation.
4384: Format strings like
4385: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4386: \end_inset
4387:
4388: 2f
4389: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4390: \end_inset
4391:
1.6 bowersj2 4392: will display two digits after the decimal point.
1.3 bowersj2 4393: \layout Subsection
4394:
4395: For More Information
4396: \layout Standard
4397:
1.6 bowersj2 4398: The full power of Perl is well outside the scope of this document.
4399: Looking in the function list at
4400: \newline
4401: http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/homework5.html
4402: \newline
4403: can give you some ideas.
1.4 bowersj2 4404: O'Reilly has some good Perl books.
1.6 bowersj2 4405: The Perl 5 Pocket Reference will contain more than what you need to know
4406: to use LON-CAPA, available at
4407: \newline
4408: http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlpr3/ .
1.4 bowersj2 4409: \layout Standard
4410:
4411: If you have any problems, consult http://help.loncapa.org/fom/cache/5.html
4412: .
4413: If you don't find the answer to your problem, please help us expand the
1.6 bowersj2 4414: FAQ by submitting a new pending question.
1.4 bowersj2 4415: \layout Standard
4416:
4417: Our advanced users often come to prefer the XML interface for the problems,
4418: available through the
4419: \series bold
4420: EditXML
4421: \series default
4422: buttons.
4423: Covering the XML format is beyond the scope of this manual, but you can
4424: learn a lot by using the editor to make changes and seeing what happens
4425: to the XML.
4426: \layout Subsection
4427:
4428: Formula Response
4429: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Formula Response}
4430:
4431: \end_inset
4432:
4433:
4434: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Formula Response}
4435:
4436: \end_inset
4437:
4438: Problems
4439: \layout Standard
4440:
4441: \begin_float fig
4442: \layout Standard
4443: \align center
4444:
4445: \begin_inset Figure size 476 262
4446: file formulaResponse.eps
4447: width 3 80
4448: flags 9
4449:
4450: \end_inset
4451:
4452:
4453: \layout Caption
4454:
4455: Formula Response Problem
4456: \end_float
4457: Formula response problems asks the student to type in a formula as an answer.
4458: If the answer is
4459: \begin_inset Formula \( 2x^{2}+4 \)
4460: \end_inset
4461:
4462: , the student is allowed to type
4463: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4464: \end_inset
4465:
4466: 2*x*x+4
4467: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4468: \end_inset
4469:
4470: ,
4471: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4472: \end_inset
4473:
4474: x*x + x*x + 4
4475: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4476: \end_inset
4477:
4478: ,
4479: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4480: \end_inset
4481:
4482: 2*x^2 + 14 - 10
4483: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4484: \end_inset
4485:
4486: , or any other equivalent expression.
4487: Formula Response problems have many of the same characteristics of Numerical
4488: Response problems, including the ability to run scripts, dynamically generate
4489: answers, etc.
4490:
4491: \layout Standard
4492:
4493: As you may know, it is extremely difficult to determine whether a given
4494: expression is exactly equal to another expression in general.
4495: For example, is
4496: \begin_inset Formula \( \sin 2x=2\sin x\cos x \)
4497: \end_inset
4498:
4499: ? Symbolically proving it one way or another is impossible in general.
4500: Therefore, LON-CAPA uses a sampling system.
4501: If your answer and the student's answer agree at the sampling points within
4502: your given tolerance factor, the student's answer will be accepted, otherwise
4503: it will be rejected.
1.5 bowersj2 4504: \layout Subsubsection
1.4 bowersj2 4505:
1.5 bowersj2 4506: Sampling Specifications
1.4 bowersj2 4507: \layout Standard
4508:
1.6 bowersj2 4509: To specify where to sample the formulas for determining whether the student's
1.5 bowersj2 4510: answer is correct, you need to put a sampling specification in the
4511: \series bold
4512: Sample Points
4513: \series default
1.4 bowersj2 4514:
4515: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sample Points}
4516:
4517: \end_inset
4518:
1.5 bowersj2 4519: field.
4520: The sampling specifications takes the following format:
1.6 bowersj2 4521: \layout Enumerate
1.5 bowersj2 4522:
1.6 bowersj2 4523: A comma separated list of the variables you wish to interpret,
4524: \layout Enumerate
1.4 bowersj2 4525:
1.5 bowersj2 4526: followed by
4527: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4528: \end_inset
4529:
4530: @
4531: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4532: \end_inset
1.4 bowersj2 4533:
1.5 bowersj2 4534: (not in quotes),
1.6 bowersj2 4535: \layout Enumerate
1.4 bowersj2 4536:
1.5 bowersj2 4537: followed by any number of the following two things, separated by semi-colons:
4538: \begin_deeper
4539: \layout Enumerate
1.4 bowersj2 4540:
1.5 bowersj2 4541: a comma separated list of as many numbers as there are variables, which
4542: specifies one sampling point, OR
4543: \layout Enumerate
1.3 bowersj2 4544:
1.5 bowersj2 4545: a comma separated list of as many numbers as there are variables, followed
1.6 bowersj2 4546: by a colon, followed by another list of as many numbers as there are variables,
4547: followed by a #, followed by an integer.
1.5 bowersj2 4548: \end_deeper
4549: \layout Standard
1.3 bowersj2 4550:
1.5 bowersj2 4551: The first form specifies one point to sample.
4552: The second form specifies a range for each variable, and the system will
4553: take as many random samples from that range as the number after the #.
1.4 bowersj2 4554: \layout Standard
4555:
4556: For
4557: \begin_inset Formula \( 2x^{2}+4 \)
4558: \end_inset
4559:
4560: , with one variable
4561: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4562: \end_inset
4563:
4564: x
4565: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4566: \end_inset
4567:
1.5 bowersj2 4568: , one could specify
4569: \layout Itemize
4570:
4571:
1.4 bowersj2 4572: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4573: \end_inset
4574:
4575: x@2
4576: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4577: \end_inset
4578:
1.5 bowersj2 4579: , which will sample the answers only at 2.
4580: (This is generally a bad idea, as the student could get lucky and match
4581: at that point)
4582: \layout Itemize
4583:
4584:
1.4 bowersj2 4585: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4586: \end_inset
4587:
1.6 bowersj2 4588: x@1:5#4
4589: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4590: \end_inset
4591:
4592: will takes 4 samples from somewhere between 1 and 5.
4593: \layout Itemize
4594:
4595:
4596: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4597: \end_inset
4598:
1.5 bowersj2 4599: x@1:5#4;10
1.4 bowersj2 4600: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4601: \end_inset
4602:
1.6 bowersj2 4603: will takes 4 samples from somewhere between 1 and 5, and also sample at
1.5 bowersj2 4604: 10.
4605: \layout Standard
4606:
4607: For
4608: \begin_inset Formula \( 2x^{2}+3y^{3} \)
4609: \end_inset
4610:
4611: , which has two variables, one could specify
4612: \layout Itemize
4613:
4614:
4615: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4616: \end_inset
4617:
4618: x,y@4,5:10,12#4;0,0
4619: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1.4 bowersj2 4620: \end_inset
4621:
1.5 bowersj2 4622: , which take four samples from the box determined by the points (4, 5) and
4623: (10, 12), and also sample the point (0, 0).
4624: \layout Subsubsection
4625:
4626: Formula Notes
4627: \layout Itemize
4628:
4629: The formula evaluator can not handle things of the form
1.3 bowersj2 4630: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4631: \end_inset
4632:
1.5 bowersj2 4633: x + - y
1.3 bowersj2 4634: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4635: \end_inset
4636:
4637: .
1.5 bowersj2 4638: If you have a random variable that may be positive or negative (as in the
4639: example following this section), you can try wrapping the references to
4640: that variable in parenthesis.
4641: As always, it is a good idea to try out several randomized versions of
4642: your problems to make sure everything works correctly.
4643: \layout Itemize
4644:
4645:
4646: \series bold
4647: Never use relative tolerance in Formula Response problems.
4648: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, in formula response}
4649:
4650: \end_inset
4651:
4652:
4653: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{relative tolerance, in formula response}
4654:
4655: \end_inset
4656:
4657:
4658: \series default
4659: Relative tolerance is poorly defined in Formula Response problems.
4660: Always use absolute tolerance.
1.4 bowersj2 4661: \layout Subsubsection
4662:
4663: Example Formula Response
4664: \layout Standard
4665:
4666: A very simple formula response problem:
4667: \layout Standard
4668:
4669: In the
4670: \series bold
4671: Script
4672: \series default
4673: , place the following:
4674: \layout LyX-Code
4675:
1.6 bowersj2 4676: $slope = &random(-5.0,5.0,.5);
1.4 bowersj2 4677: \layout LyX-Code
4678:
1.6 bowersj2 4679: $yint = &random(-5.0,5.0,.5);
4680: \layout LyX-Code
1.3 bowersj2 4681:
1.6 bowersj2 4682: $answer =
1.4 bowersj2 4683: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4684: \end_inset
1.3 bowersj2 4685:
1.6 bowersj2 4686: $slope*x + ($yint)
1.4 bowersj2 4687: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1.3 bowersj2 4688: \end_inset
4689:
1.6 bowersj2 4690: ;
1.5 bowersj2 4691: \layout Itemize
1.4 bowersj2 4692:
4693: In the
4694: \series bold
1.6 bowersj2 4695: Text Block
1.4 bowersj2 4696: \series default
4697: , place the following:
4698: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4699: \end_inset
1.3 bowersj2 4700:
1.6 bowersj2 4701: For a line with slope $slope and y-intercept $yint, what is y equal to?
1.4 bowersj2 4702: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1.3 bowersj2 4703: \end_inset
4704:
4705:
1.5 bowersj2 4706: \layout Itemize
1.3 bowersj2 4707:
1.6 bowersj2 4708: In the
1.4 bowersj2 4709: \series bold
4710: Answer
4711: \series default
1.6 bowersj2 4712: , place the following: $answer
4713: \layout Itemize
1.3 bowersj2 4714:
1.6 bowersj2 4715: Set the Tolerance to .000001.
1.5 bowersj2 4716: \layout Itemize
1.4 bowersj2 4717:
4718: Set the
4719: \series bold
4720: Sample Points
4721: \series default
4722: to x@0,1,2,3 .
1.5 bowersj2 4723: \layout Comment
1.3 bowersj2 4724:
1.5 bowersj2 4725: TODO:
4726: \layout Comment
1.3 bowersj2 4727:
1.5 bowersj2 4728: * Get sampling problem figured out
4729: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4730:
1.5 bowersj2 4731: \SpecialChar ~
1.2 bowersj2 4732:
1.5 bowersj2 4733: \layout Comment
4734:
4735: \SpecialChar ~
1.2 bowersj2 4736:
1.5 bowersj2 4737: \newline
4738: \SpecialChar ~
1.2 bowersj2 4739:
1.5 bowersj2 4740: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4741:
1.5 bowersj2 4742: Appendix A: Student Interface
4743: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4744:
1.5 bowersj2 4745: \begin_float fig
4746: \layout Standard
4747: \align center
1.2 bowersj2 4748:
1.5 bowersj2 4749: \begin_inset Figure size 152 353
4750: file studentInterface.eps
4751: flags 9
1.4 bowersj2 4752:
1.5 bowersj2 4753: \end_inset
1.2 bowersj2 4754:
4755:
4756: \layout Caption
4757:
4758: Student Remote Control
4759: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Student Remote Control}
4760:
4761: \end_inset
4762:
4763:
4764: \end_float
4765: The Student Remote Control will automatically load whenever you log in to
4766: a LON-CAPA course as a student.
4767: The Student Remote Control contains most of the functions of the Author
4768: Remote Control and the following additional functions.
1.5 bowersj2 4769: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4770:
4771:
4772: \series bold
4773: NAV (NAVIGATE CONTENTS)
4774: \series default
4775: allows you to directly access resources from the course outline.
1.5 bowersj2 4776: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4777:
4778:
4779: \series bold
4780: ARROWS (LEFT and RIGHT)
4781: \series default
4782: allows you to move to the backward or forward through the course.
1.5 bowersj2 4783: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4784:
4785:
4786: \series bold
4787: GRDS (MY GRADES)
4788: \series default
4789: allows you to check your grades in the courses you are taking.
1.5 bowersj2 4790: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4791:
4792:
4793: \series bold
4794: SBKM (SET BOOKMARK)
4795: \series default
4796: allows you to bookmark pages for easy access.
1.5 bowersj2 4797: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4798:
4799:
4800: \series bold
4801: VBKM (VIEW BOOKMARK)
4802: \series default
4803: displays your bookmarks for easy access to bookmarked resources.
1.5 bowersj2 4804: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4805:
4806:
4807: \series bold
4808: ANOT (ANOTATE)
4809: \series default
4810: allows you to create personal notes.
1.5 bowersj2 4811: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4812:
4813:
4814: \series bold
4815: LOGOUT (LOGOUT)
1.1 bowersj2 4816: \series default
4817: will log you out of the LON-CAPA system.
4818: \the_end
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