Annotation of loncom/homework/default_homework.lcpm, revision 1.99
1.42 albertel 1: # The LearningOnline Network with CAPA
1.1 harris41 2: # used by lonxml::xmlparse() as input variable $safeinit to Apache::run::run()
1.42 albertel 3: #
1.99 ! ng 4: # $Id: default_homework.lcpm,v 1.98 2005/03/31 17:12:37 albertel Exp $
1.42 albertel 5: #
6: # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
7: #
8: # This file is part of the LearningOnline Network with CAPA (LON-CAPA).
9: #
10: # LON-CAPA is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11: # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12: # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
13: # (at your option) any later version.
14: #
15: # LON-CAPA is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16: # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17: # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18: # GNU General Public License for more details.
19: #
20: # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21: # along with LON-CAPA; if not, write to the Free Software
22: # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
23: #
24: # /home/httpd/html/adm/gpl.txt
25: #
26: # http://www.lon-capa.org/
27: #
1.20 harris41 28: #
1.76 albertel 29:
1.25 albertel 30: #init some globals
1.38 albertel 31: $hidden::RANDOMINIT=0;
1.22 ng 32: $pi=atan2(1,1)*4;
33: $rad2deg=180.0/$pi;
34: $deg2rad=$pi/180.0;
1.44 matthew 35: $"=' ';
1.3 albertel 36:
1.91 albertel 37: sub check_commas {
38: my ($response)=@_;
39: #print("$response ");
40: my @numbers=split(',',$response);
41: #print(" numbers ".join('-',@numbers)." ");
42: if (scalar(@numbers) > 1) {
43: #print(" numbers[0] ".$numbers[0]." ");
44: if (length($numbers[0]) > 3 || length($numbers[0]) == 0) { return -1; }
45: shift(@numbers);
46: #print(" numbers ".scalar(@numbers)." ");
47: while (scalar(@numbers) > 1) {
48: #print(" numbers ".join('-',@numbers)." ");
49: if (length($numbers[0]) != 3) { return -2; }
50: shift(@numbers);
51: }
52: my ($number)=split('\.',$numbers[0]);
53: #print(" number ".$number." ");
54: #print(" numbers[0] ".$numbers[0]." ");
55: if (length($number) != 3) { return -3; }
56: } else {
57: my ($number)=split('\.',$numbers[0]);
58: if (length($number) > 3) { return -4; }
59: }
60: return 1;
61: }
62:
1.7 albertel 63: sub caparesponse_check {
1.74 albertel 64: my ($answer,$response)=@_;
1.73 albertel 65: #not properly used yet: calc
66: #not to be used: $ans_fmt
1.74 albertel 67: my $type=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'type'};
68: my $tol=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'tol'};
69: my $sig=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'sig'};
1.88 albertel 70: my $ans_fmt=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'format'};
1.74 albertel 71: my $unit=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'unit'};
72: my $calc=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'calc'};
73: my $samples=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'samples'};
1.73 albertel 74:
75: my $tol_type=''; # gets it's value from whether tol has a % or not done
76: my $sig_lbound=''; #done
77: my $sig_ubound=''; #done
78:
79:
80: #type's definitons come from capaParser.h
81: my $message='';
82: #remove leading and trailing whitespace
83: if (!defined($response)) {
84: $response='';
85: }
86: if ($response=~ /^\s|\s$/) {
87: $response=~ s:^\s+|\s+$::g;
88: $message .="Removed ws now :$response:\n";
89: } else {
90: $message .="no ws in :$response:\n";
91: }
1.76 albertel 92: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci' || $type eq 'mc') {
93: #for string answers make surec all places spaces occur, there is
94: #really only 1 space, in both the answer and the response
95: $answer=~s/ +/ /g;
96: $response=~s/ +/ /g;
97: }
1.91 albertel 98: if ($type eq 'float' && $unit=~/\$/) {
1.88 albertel 99: if ($response!~/^\$/) { return "NO_UNIT: Missing \$ "; }
100: $response=~s/\$//g;
101: }
1.91 albertel 102: if ($type eq 'float' && $unit=~/\,/ && (&check_commas($response)<0)) {
103: return "COMMA_FAIL:";
104: }
1.88 albertel 105: $ans_fmt=~s/\W//g;
1.91 albertel 106: $unit=~s/[\$,]//g;
107: if ($type eq 'float') { $response=~s/,//g; }
1.88 albertel 108:
1.73 albertel 109: if (length($response) > 500) { return "TOO_LONG: Answer too long"; }
110:
111: if ($type eq '' ) {
1.74 albertel 112: $message .= "Didn't find a type :$type: defaulting\n";
1.73 albertel 113: if ( $answer eq ($answer *1.0)) { $type = 2;
114: } else { $type = 3; }
115: } else {
116: if ($type eq 'cs') { $type = 4; }
117: elsif ($type eq 'ci') { $type = 3 }
118: elsif ($type eq 'mc') { $type = 5; }
119: elsif ($type eq 'fml') { $type = 8; }
120: elsif ($type eq 'subj') { $type = 7; }
121: elsif ($type eq 'float') { $type = 2; }
122: elsif ($type eq 'int') { $type = 1; }
123: else { return "ERROR: Unknown type of answer: $type" }
124: }
125:
126: my $points;
127: my $id_list;
128: #formula type setup the sample points
129: if ($type eq '8') {
130: ($id_list,$points)=split(/@/,$samples);
131: $message.="Found :$id_list:$points: points in $samples\n";
132: }
133: if ($tol eq '') {
134: $tol=0.0;
135: $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE
136: } else {
137: if ($tol =~ /%$/) {
138: chop $tol;
139: $tol_type=2; #TOL_PERCENTAGE
140: } else {
141: $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE
142: }
143: }
144:
1.85 albertel 145: ($sig_ubound,$sig_lbound)=&LONCAPA_INTERNAL_get_sigrange($sig);
146:
1.73 albertel 147: my $reterror="";
148: my $result = &caparesponse_capa_check_answer($response,$answer,$type,
149: $tol_type,$tol,
150: $sig_lbound,$sig_ubound,
151: $ans_fmt,$unit,$calc,$id_list,
152: $points,$external::randomseed,
153: \$reterror);
154:
155: if ($result == '1') { $result='EXACT_ANS'; }
156: elsif ($result == '2') { $result='APPROX_ANS'; }
157: elsif ($result == '3') { $result='SIG_FAIL'; }
158: elsif ($result == '4') { $result='UNIT_FAIL'; }
159: elsif ($result == '5') { $result='NO_UNIT'; }
160: elsif ($result == '6') { $result='UNIT_OK'; }
161: elsif ($result == '7') { $result='INCORRECT'; }
162: elsif ($result == '8') { $result='UNIT_NOTNEEDED'; }
163: elsif ($result == '9') { $result='ANS_CNT_NOT_MATCH'; }
164: elsif ($result =='10') { $result='SUB_RECORDED'; }
165: elsif ($result =='11') { $result='BAD_FORMULA'; }
1.94 albertel 166: elsif ($result =='12' && !$response) { $result='MISSING_ANSWER'; }
167: elsif ($result =='12') { $result='WANTED_NUMERIC'; }
1.77 albertel 168: elsif ($result =='13') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_INSTRUCTOR'; }
169: elsif ($result =='141') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
170: elsif ($result =='142') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
171: elsif ($result =='143') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
172: elsif ($result =='15') { $result='UNIT_IRRECONCIBLE'; }
1.73 albertel 173: else {$result = "ERROR: Unknown Result:$result:$@:";}
174:
1.82 albertel 175: return ("$result:\nRetError $reterror:\nAnswer $answer:\nResponse $response:\n type-$type|$tol|$tol_type|$sig:$sig_lbound:$sig_ubound|$unit|\n$message",$reterror);
1.37 albertel 176: }
177:
1.73 albertel 178:
1.37 albertel 179: sub caparesponse_check_list {
1.74 albertel 180: my $response=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'response'};
1.73 albertel 181: my ($result,@list);
1.74 albertel 182: @list=@LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer;
1.73 albertel 183: my $aresult='';
184: my $current_answer;
185: my $answers=join(':',@list);
186: $result.="Got response :$answers:\n";
1.74 albertel 187: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("<blink>Yo!</blink> got ".join(':',%LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args));
1.73 albertel 188: my @responselist;
1.74 albertel 189: my $type = $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'type'};
1.73 albertel 190: $result.="Got type :$type:\n";
191: if ($type ne '' && $#list > 0) {
192: (@responselist)=split /,/,$response;
193: } else {
194: (@responselist)=($response);
195: }
196: my $unit='';
197: $result.="Initial final response :$responselist['-1']:\n";
198: if ($type eq '' || $type eq 'float') {
199: #for numerical problems split off the unit
200: if ( $responselist['-1']=~ /(.*[^\s])\s+([^\s]+)/ ) {
201: $responselist['-1']=$1;
202: $unit=$2;
203: }
204: }
1.82 albertel 205: $result.="Final final response :$responselist['-1']:$unit:\n";
1.73 albertel 206: $result.=":$#list: answers\n";
207: $unit=~s/\s//;
208: my $i=0;
209: my $awards='';
210: my @msgs;
211: for ($i=0; $i<@list;$i++) {
212: my $msg;
213: $result.="trying answer :$list[$i]:\n";
214: my $thisanswer=$list[$i];
215: $result.="trying answer :$thisanswer:\n";
216: if ($unit eq '') {
1.74 albertel 217: ($aresult,$msg)=&caparesponse_check($thisanswer,$responselist[$i]);
1.73 albertel 218: } else {
219: ($aresult,$msg)=&caparesponse_check($thisanswer,
1.74 albertel 220: $responselist[$i]." $unit");
1.73 albertel 221: }
222: my ($temp)=split /:/, $aresult;
223: $awards.="$temp,";
224: $result.=$aresult;
225: push(@msgs,$msg);
226: }
227: chop $awards;
228: return ("$awards:\n$result",@msgs);
1.7 albertel 229: }
230:
1.4 albertel 231: sub tex {
1.73 albertel 232: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
233: return $_[0];
234: } else {
235: return $_[1];
236: }
1.4 albertel 237: }
238:
1.24 ng 239: sub var_in_tex {
1.73 albertel 240: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
241: return $_[0];
242: } else {
243: return "";
244: }
1.24 ng 245: }
246:
1.4 albertel 247: sub web {
1.73 albertel 248: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
249: return $_[1];
1.26 ng 250: } else {
1.73 albertel 251: if ( $external::target eq "web" || $external::target eq "answer") {
252: return $_[2];
253: } else {
254: return $_[0];
255: }
1.4 albertel 256: }
257: }
258:
1.24 ng 259: sub html {
1.73 albertel 260: if ( $external::target eq "web" ) {
261: return shift;
262: }
1.24 ng 263: }
264:
1.1 harris41 265: sub hinton {
1.73 albertel 266: return 0;
1.1 harris41 267: }
268:
269: sub random {
1.61 albertel 270: my ($start,$end,$step)=@_;
271: if ( ! $hidden::RANDOMINIT ) {
272: if ($external::randomseed == 0) { $external::randomseed=1; }
273: if ($external::randomseed =~/,/) {
1.84 albertel 274: my ($num1,$num2)=split(/,/,$external::randomseed);
275: &random_set_seed(1,abs($num1));
276: } elsif ($external::randomseed =~/:/) {
277: my ($num1,$num2)=split(/:/,$external::randomseed);
1.61 albertel 278: &random_set_seed(abs($num1),abs($num2));
279: } else {
280: &random_set_seed(1,int(abs($external::randomseed)));
281: }
282: &math_random_uniform();
283: $hidden::RANDOMINIT=1;
284: }
285: if (!defined($step)) { $step=1; }
286: my $num=1+int(($end-$start)/$step);
287: my $result=$start + int(&math_random_uniform() * $num)*$step;
288: return $result;
1.1 harris41 289: }
290:
1.26 ng 291: sub random_normal {
1.73 albertel 292: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av,$std_dev) = @_;
293: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
294: my @retArray;
295: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
296: @retArray=&math_random_normal($item_cnt,$av,$std_dev);
297: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
298: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 299: }
300:
301: sub random_beta {
1.73 albertel 302: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$aa,$bb) = @_;
303: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
304: my @retArray;
305: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
306: @retArray=&math_random_beta($item_cnt,$aa,$bb);
307: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
308: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 309: }
310:
311: sub random_gamma {
1.73 albertel 312: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$a,$r) = @_;
313: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
314: my @retArray;
315: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
316: @retArray=&math_random_gamma($item_cnt,$a,$r);
317: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
318: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 319: }
320:
321: sub random_exponential {
1.73 albertel 322: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av) = @_;
323: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
324: my @retArray;
325: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
326: @retArray=&math_random_exponential($item_cnt,$av);
327: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
328: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 329: }
330:
331: sub random_poisson {
1.73 albertel 332: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mu) = @_;
333: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
334: my @retArray;
335: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
336: @retArray=&math_random_poisson($item_cnt,$mu);
337: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
338: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 339: }
340:
341: sub random_chi {
1.73 albertel 342: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df) = @_;
343: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
344: my @retArray;
345: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
346: @retArray=&math_random_chi_square($item_cnt,$df);
347: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
348: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 349: }
350:
351: sub random_noncentral_chi {
1.73 albertel 352: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df,$nonc) = @_;
353: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
354: my @retArray;
355: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
356: @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_chi_square($item_cnt,$df,$nonc);
357: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
358: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 359: }
360:
361: sub random_f {
1.73 albertel 362: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd) = @_;
363: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
364: my @retArray;
365: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
366: @retArray=&math_random_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd);
367: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
368: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 369: }
370:
371: sub random_noncentral_f {
1.73 albertel 372: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc) = @_;
373: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
374: my @retArray;
375: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
376: @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc);
377: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
378: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 379: }
380:
381: sub random_multivariate_normal {
1.73 albertel 382: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mean,$covar) = @_;
383: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
384: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
1.87 albertel 385: my @retArray=&math_random_multivariate_normal($item_cnt,@$mean,@$covar);
1.73 albertel 386: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
387: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 388: }
389:
390: sub random_multinomial {
1.73 albertel 391: my ($item_cnt,$seed,@p) = @_;
392: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
393: my @retArray;
394: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
1.87 albertel 395: my @retArray=&math_random_multinomial($item_cnt,@p);
1.73 albertel 396: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
397: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 398: }
399:
400: sub random_permutation {
1.73 albertel 401: my ($seed,@inArray) = @_;
402: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
403: my @retArray;
404: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
405: @retArray=&math_random_permutation(@inArray);
406: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
407: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 408: }
409:
410: sub random_uniform {
1.73 albertel 411: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_;
412: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
413: my @retArray;
414: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
415: @retArray=&math_random_uniform($item_cnt,$low,$high);
416: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
417: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 418: }
419:
420: sub random_uniform_integer {
1.73 albertel 421: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_;
422: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
423: my @retArray;
424: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
425: @retArray=&math_random_uniform_integer($item_cnt,$low,$high);
426: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
427: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 428: }
429:
430: sub random_binomial {
1.73 albertel 431: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$nt,$p) = @_;
432: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
433: my @retArray;
434: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
435: @retArray=&math_random_binomial($item_cnt,$nt,$p);
436: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
437: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 438: }
439:
440: sub random_negative_binomial {
1.73 albertel 441: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$ne,$p) = @_;
442: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
443: my @retArray;
444: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
445: @retArray=&math_random_negative_binomial($item_cnt,$ne,$p);
446: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
447: return @retArray;
1.26 ng 448: }
449:
1.23 ng 450: sub abs { abs(shift) }
451: sub sin { sin(shift) }
452: sub cos { cos(shift) }
453: sub exp { exp(shift) }
454: sub int { int(shift) }
455: sub log { log(shift) }
456: sub atan2 { atan2($_[0],$_[1]) }
457: sub sqrt { sqrt(shift) }
458:
1.59 albertel 459: sub tan { CORE::sin($_[0]) / CORE::cos($_[0]) }
1.21 harris41 460: #sub atan { atan2($_[0], 1); }
461: #sub acos { atan2(sqrt(1 - $_[0] * $_[0]), $_[0] ); }
462: #sub asin { atan2($_[0], sqrt(1- $_[0] * $_[0]) ); }
1.22 ng 463:
1.59 albertel 464: sub log10 { CORE::log($_[0])/CORE::log(10); }
1.22 ng 465:
1.20 harris41 466: sub factorial {
1.59 albertel 467: my $input = CORE::int(shift);
1.20 harris41 468: return "Error - unable to take factorial of an negative number ($input)" if $input < 0;
469: return "Error - factorial result is greater than system limit ($input)" if $input > 170;
470: return 1 if $input == 0;
471: my $result = 1;
472: for (my $i=2; $i<=$input; $i++) { $result *= $i }
473: return $result;
474: }
475:
476: sub sgn {
477: return -1 if $_[0] < 0;
478: return 0 if $_[0] == 0;
479: return 1 if $_[0] > 0;
480: }
481:
482: sub min {
483: my @sorted = sort { $a <=> $b || $a cmp $b } @_;
484: return shift @sorted;
485: }
486:
487: sub max {
488: my @sorted = sort { $a <=> $b || $a cmp $b } @_;
489: return pop @sorted;
490: }
1.1 harris41 491:
1.20 harris41 492: sub roundto {
493: my ($input,$n) = @_;
494: return sprintf('%.'.$n.'f',$input);
495: }
496:
497: sub to_string {
498: my ($input,$n) = @_;
1.26 ng 499: return sprintf($input) if $n eq "";
500: $n = '.'.$n if $n !~ /^\./;
1.20 harris41 501: return sprintf('%'.$n,$input) if $n ne "";
502: }
503:
504: sub sub_string {
505: my ($str,$start,$len) = @_;
506: return substr($str,$start-1,$len);
507: }
1.1 harris41 508:
509: sub pow {return $_[0] ** $_[1]; }
1.59 albertel 510: sub ceil {return (($_[0]-CORE::int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? (CORE::int($_[0])+ 1) : CORE::int($_[0])); }
511: sub floor {return (($_[0]-CORE::int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? CORE::int($_[0]) : (CORE::int($_[0])-1)); }
1.27 ng 512: #sub floor {return int($_[0]); }
1.1 harris41 513:
1.2 albertel 514: sub format {
1.73 albertel 515: my ($value,$fmt)=@_;
1.81 albertel 516: my ($dollarmode,$commamode,$alwaysperiod,$options);
517: if ($fmt =~ /^([^\d]*)(.*)/) { $options=$1; $fmt=$2; }
518: #if ($options =~ /\$/) { $dollamode=1; }
519: #if ($options =~ /,/) { $commamode=1; }
1.82 albertel 520: if ($options =~ /\./) { $alwaysperiod=1; }
1.99 ! ng 521: my $result;
1.97 albertel 522: if ($fmt=~/s$/i) {
523: $result=&format_significant_figures($value,$fmt);
524: } else {
525: $fmt=~s/e/E/g;
1.99 ! ng 526: $result=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value);
1.97 albertel 527: if ($alwaysperiod && $fmt eq '0f') { $result .='.'; }
528: $result=~s/(E[+-]*)0/$1/;
529: }
1.81 albertel 530: #if ($dollarmode) {$result=&dollarformat($result);}
531: #if ($commamode) {$result=&commaformat($result);}
1.73 albertel 532: return $result;
1.46 albertel 533: }
534:
1.75 albertel 535: sub chemparse {
536: my ($reaction) = @_;
1.96 albertel 537: my @tokens = split(/(\s\+|\->|<=>|<\-|\.)/,$reaction);
1.75 albertel 538: my $formula = '';
539: foreach my $token (@tokens) {
540: if ($token eq '->' ) {
541: $formula .= '<m>\ensuremath{\rightarrow}</m> ';
542: next;
543: }
1.96 albertel 544: if ($token eq '<-' ) {
545: $formula .= '<m>\ensuremath{\leftarrow}</m> ';
546: next;
547: }
1.75 albertel 548: if ($token eq '<=>') {
549: if ($external::target eq 'web' &&
550: &EXT('request.browser.unicode')) {
1.76 albertel 551: $formula .= '⇌ ';
1.75 albertel 552: } else {
553: $formula .= &web('<=> ','<m>\ensuremath{\rightleftharpoons}</m> ',
1.95 albertel 554: '<=> ');
1.75 albertel 555: }
556: next;
557: }
1.96 albertel 558: if ($token eq '.') {
559: $formula =~ s/(\ \;| )$//;
560: $formula .= '·';
561: next;
562: }
563: $token =~ /^\s*([\d|\/]*(?:&frac\d\d)?)(.*)/;
1.90 albertel 564: $formula .= $1 if ($1 ne '1'); # stoichiometric coefficient
1.75 albertel 565:
566: my $molecule = $2;
567: # subscripts
1.78 albertel 568: $molecule =~ s|(?<=[a-zA-Z\)\]\s])(\d+)|<sub>$1</sub>|g;
1.75 albertel 569: # superscripts
570: $molecule =~ s|\^(\d*[+\-]*)|<sup>$1</sup>|g;
571: # strip whitespace
572: $molecule =~ s/\s*//g;
573: # forced space
574: $molecule =~ s/_/ /g;
1.96 albertel 575: $molecule =~ s/-/−/g;
1.75 albertel 576: $formula .= $molecule.' ';
577: }
578: # get rid of trailing space
1.87 albertel 579: $formula =~ s/(\ \;| )$//;
1.75 albertel 580: return &xmlparse($formula);
581: }
582:
1.46 albertel 583: sub prettyprint {
1.73 albertel 584: my ($value,$fmt,$target)=@_;
585: my $result;
586: if (!$target) { $target = $external::target; }
1.75 albertel 587: if ($fmt =~ /chem/i) { return(&chemparse($value)); }
1.81 albertel 588: my ($dollarmode,$commamode,$alwaysperiod,$options);
589: if ($fmt =~ /^([^\d]*)(.*)/) { $options=$1; $fmt=$2; }
1.86 albertel 590: if ($options =~ /\$/) { $dollarmode=1; }
1.81 albertel 591: if ($options =~ /,/) { $commamode=1; }
592: if ($options =~ /\./) { $alwaysperiod=1; }
1.97 albertel 593: if ($fmt=~/s$/i) {
594: $value=&format_significant_figures($value,$fmt);
595: } elsif ($fmt) {
596: $value=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value);
597: }
1.81 albertel 598: if ($alwaysperiod && $fmt eq '0f') {
599: if ($target eq 'tex') {
600: $value .='\\ensuremath{.}';
601: } else {
602: $value .='.';
603: }
604: }
1.73 albertel 605: if ($value =~ /([0-9\.\-\+]+)E([0-9\-\+]+)/i ) {
606: my $frac=$1;
607: if ($dollarmode) { $frac=&dollarformat($frac); }
1.80 albertel 608: if ($commamode) { $frac=&commaformat($frac); }
1.73 albertel 609: my $exponent=$2;
610: $exponent=~s/^\+0*//;
611: $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/;
612: $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/;
613: if ($exponent eq '-') { undef($exponent); }
614: if ($exponent) {
615: if ($target eq 'web') {
616: $result=$frac.'×10<sup>'.$exponent.'</sup>';
617: } elsif ($target eq 'tex') {
618: $result='\ensuremath{'.$frac.'\times 10^{'.$exponent.'}}';
619: } else {
620: $result=$value;
621: }
622: } else {
623: $result=$frac;
624: }
625: } else {
1.48 albertel 626: $result=$value;
1.86 albertel 627: if ($dollarmode) { $result=&dollarformat($result,$target); }
628: elsif ($commamode) { $result=&commaformat($result,$target); }
1.46 albertel 629: }
1.73 albertel 630: return $result;
1.48 albertel 631: }
632:
1.80 albertel 633: sub commaformat {
1.73 albertel 634: my ($number,$target) = @_;
635: if ($number =~ /\./) {
636: while ($number =~ /([^\.,]+)([^\.,][^\.,][^\.,])([,0-9]*\.[0-9]*)$/) {
637: $number = $1.','.$2.$3;
638: }
639: } else {
640: while ($number =~ /([^,]+)([^,][^,][^,])([,0-9]*)$/) {
641: $number = $1.','.$2.$3;
642: }
643: }
1.80 albertel 644: return $number;
645: }
646:
647: sub dollarformat {
648: my ($number,$target) = @_;
649: if (!$target) { $target = $external::target; }
650: $number=&commaformat($number,$target);
1.73 albertel 651: if ($target eq 'tex') {
652: $number='\$'.$number; #' stupid emacs
653: } else {
654: $number='$'.$number; #' stupid emacs
655: }
656: return $number;
1.2 albertel 657: }
1.5 albertel 658:
1.97 albertel 659: # format of form ns or nS where n is an integer
660: sub format_significant_figures {
661: my ($number,$format) = @_;
662: return '0' if ($number == 0);
663: # extract number of significant figures needed
664: my ($sig) = ($format =~ /(\d+)s/i);
665: # arbitrary choice - suggestions ?? or throw error message?
666: $sig = 3 if ($sig eq '');
667: # save the minus sign
668: my $sign = ($number < 0) ? '-' : '';
669: $number = abs($number);
670: # needed to correct for a number greater than 1 (or
671: my $power = ($number < 1) ? 0 : 1;
672: # could round up. Take the integer part of log10.
673: my $x10 = int(log($number)/log(10));
674: # find number with values left of decimal pt = # of sign figs.
675: my $xsig = $number*10**($sig-$x10-$power);
676: # get just digits left of decimal pt - also rounds off correctly
677: my $xint = sprintf('%.0f',$xsig);
678: # save any trailing zero's
679: my ($zeros) = ($xint =~ /(0+)$/);
680: # return number to original magnitude
681: my $numSig = $xint*10**($x10-$sig+$power);
682: # insert trailing zero's if have decimal point
683: $numSig =~ s/^(\d+)\.(\d+)(\e?(.*)?)$/$1\.$2$zeros$3/;
1.98 albertel 684: # put a decimal pt for number ending with 0 and length = # of sig fig
685: $numSig.='.' if (length($numSig) == $sig && $numSig =~ /0$/);
686: if (length($numSig) < $sig) {
687: $numSig.='.'.substr($zeros,0,($sig-length($numSig)));
688: }
1.97 albertel 689: # return number with sign
690: return $sign.$numSig;
691:
692: }
693:
1.5 albertel 694: sub map {
1.27 ng 695: my ($phrase,$dest,$source)=@_;
1.51 albertel 696: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
1.27 ng 697: my @seed = &random_seed_from_phrase($phrase);
698: &random_set_seed(@seed);
699: my $destct = scalar(@$dest);
1.28 ng 700: if (!$source) {
701: my @output;
702: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($destct);
703: my $ctr = 0;
704: while ($ctr < $destct) {
705: $output[$ctr] = $$dest[$idx[$ctr]];
1.27 ng 706: $ctr++;
1.28 ng 707: }
1.51 albertel 708: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
1.28 ng 709: return @output;
1.27 ng 710: } else {
1.28 ng 711: my $num = scalar(@$source);
712: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($num);
713: my $ctr = 0;
714: my $tot = $num;
715: $tot = $destct if $destct < $num;
716: if (ref($$dest[0])) {
717: while ($ctr < $tot) {
718: ${$$dest[$ctr]} = $$source[$idx[$ctr]];
719: $ctr++;
720: }
721: } else {
722: while ($ctr < $tot) {
723: $$dest[$ctr] = $$source[$idx[$ctr]];
724: $ctr++;
725: }
726: }
1.27 ng 727: }
1.56 albertel 728: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
1.51 albertel 729: return '';
1.27 ng 730: }
731:
732: sub rmap {
733: my ($phrase,$dest,$source)=@_;
1.51 albertel 734: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
1.27 ng 735: my @seed = &random_seed_from_phrase($phrase);
736: &random_set_seed(@seed);
737: my $destct = scalar(@$dest);
1.28 ng 738: if (!$source) {
739: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($destct);
740: my $ctr = 0;
741: my @r_idx;
742: while ($ctr < $destct) {
743: $r_idx[$idx[$ctr]] = $ctr;
744: $ctr++;
745: }
746: my @output;
747: $ctr = 0;
748: while ($ctr < $destct) {
749: $output[$ctr] = $$dest[$r_idx[$ctr]];
1.27 ng 750: $ctr++;
1.28 ng 751: }
1.51 albertel 752: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
1.28 ng 753: return @output;
1.27 ng 754: } else {
1.28 ng 755: my $num = scalar(@$source);
756: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($num);
757: my $ctr = 0;
758: my $tot = $num;
759: $tot = $destct if $destct < $num;
760: my @r_idx;
1.27 ng 761: while ($ctr < $tot) {
1.28 ng 762: $r_idx[$idx[$ctr]] = $ctr;
1.27 ng 763: $ctr++;
1.28 ng 764: }
765: $ctr = 0;
766: if (ref($$dest[0])) {
767: while ($ctr < $tot) {
768: ${$$dest[$ctr]} = $$source[$r_idx[$ctr]];
769: $ctr++;
770: }
771: } else {
772: while ($ctr < $tot) {
773: $$dest[$ctr] = $$source[$r_idx[$ctr]];
774: $ctr++;
775: }
776: }
1.6 albertel 777: }
1.51 albertel 778: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
779: return '';
1.5 albertel 780: }
1.22 ng 781:
1.23 ng 782: sub capa_id { return }
783:
784: sub problem { return }
785:
1.22 ng 786: sub name{
1.73 albertel 787: my $fullname = &EXT('environment.lastname').', '.&EXT('environment.firstname').' '.&EXT('environment.middlename');
788: $fullname = "" if $fullname eq ", ";
789: $fullname =~ s/\%2d/-/g;
790: return $fullname;
1.22 ng 791: }
792:
793: sub student_number {
1.73 albertel 794: my $id = &EXT('environment.id');
795: $id = '' if $id eq "";
796: return $id;
1.22 ng 797: }
798:
799: sub class {
1.73 albertel 800: my $course = &EXT('course.description');
801: $course = '' if $course eq "";
802: return $course;
1.22 ng 803: }
804:
805: sub sec {
1.73 albertel 806: my $sec = &EXT('request.course.sec');
807: $sec = '' if $sec eq "";
808: return $sec;
1.22 ng 809: }
810:
1.23 ng 811: sub open_date {
1.73 albertel 812: my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.opendate')));
813: return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
814: my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
815: my $ampm = " am";
816: if ($hm[0] > 12) {
817: $hm[0]-=12;
818: $ampm = " pm";
819: }
820: return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
1.23 ng 821: }
822:
823: sub due_date {
1.73 albertel 824: my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.duedate')));
825: return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
826: my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
827: my $ampm = " am";
828: if ($hm[0] > 12) {
829: $hm[0]-=12;
830: $ampm = " pm";
831: }
832: return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
1.23 ng 833: }
834:
835: sub answer_date {
1.73 albertel 836: my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.answerdate')));
837: return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
838: my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
839: my $ampm = " am";
840: if ($hm[0] > 12) {
841: $hm[0]-=12;
842: $ampm = " pm";
843: }
844: return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
1.24 ng 845: }
846:
847: sub array_moments {
1.73 albertel 848: my @input=@_;
849: my (@output,$N);
850: $N=scalar (@input);
851: $output[0]=$N;
852: if ($N <= 1) {
853: $output[1]=$input[0];
854: $output[1]="Input array not defined" if ($N == 0);
855: $output[2]="variance undefined for N<=1";
856: $output[3]="skewness undefined for N<=1";
857: $output[4]="kurtosis undefined for N<=1";
858: return @output;
859: }
860: my $sum=0;
861: foreach my $line (@input) {
862: $sum+=$line;
863: }
864: $output[1] = $sum/$N;
865: my ($x,$sdev,$var,$skew,$kurt) = 0;
866: foreach my $line (@input) {
867: $x=$line-$output[1];
868: $var+=$x**2;
869: $skew+=$x**3;
870: $kurt+=$x**4;
871: }
872: $output[2]=$var/($N-1);
873: $sdev=CORE::sqrt($output[2]);
874: if ($sdev == 0) {
875: $output[3]="inf-variance=0";
876: $output[4]="inf-variance=0";
877: return @output;
878: }
879: $output[3]=$skew/($sdev**3*$N);
880: $output[4]=$kurt/($sdev**4*$N)-3;
1.24 ng 881: return @output;
882: }
1.5 albertel 883:
884: sub choose {
1.73 albertel 885: my $num = $_[0];
886: return $_[$num];
1.5 albertel 887: }
1.23 ng 888:
1.49 albertel 889: # expiremental idea
890: sub proper_path {
1.73 albertel 891: my ($path)=@_;
892: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
893: return '/home/httpd/html'.$path;
894: } else {
895: return $path;
896: }
1.49 albertel 897: }
1.23 ng 898:
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