--- loncom/homework/response.pm 2004/10/15 16:22:25 1.106 +++ loncom/homework/response.pm 2006/08/01 14:41:46 1.146 @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # The LearningOnline Network with CAPA # various response type definitons response definition # -# $Id: response.pm,v 1.106 2004/10/15 16:22:25 matthew Exp $ +# $Id: response.pm,v 1.146 2006/08/01 14:41:46 albertel Exp $ # # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees # @@ -29,15 +29,15 @@ package Apache::response; use strict; use Apache::lonlocal; +use Apache::lonnet; BEGIN { - &Apache::lonxml::register('Apache::response',('responseparam','parameter','dataresponse')); + &Apache::lonxml::register('Apache::response',('responseparam','parameter','dataresponse','customresponse','mathresponse')); } sub start_response { my ($parstack,$safeeval)=@_; - my $id= &Apache::lonxml::get_param('id',$parstack,$safeeval); - if ($id eq '') { $id = $Apache::lonxml::curdepth; } + my $id = &Apache::lonxml::get_id($parstack,$safeeval); if ($#Apache::inputtags::import > -1) { &Apache::lonxml::debug("Turning :$id: into"); $id = join('_',@Apache::inputtags::import).'_'.$id; @@ -68,16 +68,15 @@ sub end_response { sub start_hintresponse { my ($parstack,$safeeval)=@_; - my $id= &Apache::lonxml::get_param('id',$parstack,$safeeval); - if ($id eq '') { $id = $Apache::lonxml::curdepth; } - push (@Apache::inputtags::response,$id); - push (@Apache::inputtags::responselist,$id); + my $id = &Apache::lonxml::get_id($parstack,$safeeval); + push (@Apache::inputtags::hint,$id); + push (@Apache::inputtags::hintlist,$id); push (@Apache::inputtags::paramstack,[%Apache::inputtags::params]); return $id; } sub end_hintresponse { - pop @Apache::inputtags::response; + pop @Apache::inputtags::hint; if (defined($Apache::inputtags::paramstack[-1])) { %Apache::inputtags::params= @{ pop(@Apache::inputtags::paramstack) }; @@ -93,9 +92,9 @@ sub pushrandomnumber { # do nothing } else { my @seed=&Math::Random::random_get_seed(); - push (@randomseeds,\@seed); + push(@randomseeds,\@seed); } - &Apache::response::setrandomnumber(); + &Apache::response::setrandomnumber(@_); } sub poprandomnumber { my $rand_alg=&Apache::lonnet::get_rand_alg(); @@ -110,38 +109,68 @@ sub poprandomnumber { &Apache::lonxml::error("Unable to restore random algorithm."); } } + sub setrandomnumber { + my ($ignore_id2) = @_; my $rndseed; $rndseed=&Apache::structuretags::setup_rndseed(); if (!defined($rndseed)) { $rndseed=&Apache::lonnet::rndseed(); } &Apache::lonxml::debug("randseed $rndseed"); # $rndseed=unpack("%32i",$rndseed); my $rand_alg=&Apache::lonnet::get_rand_alg(); - my $rndmod; + my ($rndmod,$rndmod2); + + my ($id1,$id2,$shift_amt); + if ($Apache::lonhomework::parsing_a_problem) { + $id1=$Apache::inputtags::part; + if (defined($Apache::inputtags::response[-1])) { + $id2=$Apache::inputtags::response[-1]; + } + $shift_amt=scalar(@Apache::inputtags::responselist); + } elsif ($Apache::lonhomework::parsing_a_task) { + $id1=&Apache::bridgetask::get_dim_id(); + if (!$ignore_id2 && ref($Apache::bridgetask::instance{$id1})) { + $id2=$Apache::bridgetask::instance{$id1}[-1]; + $shift_amt=scalar(@{$Apache::bridgetask::instance{$id1}}); + } else { + $shift_amt=0; + } + } + &Apache::lonxml::debug("id1: $id1, id2: $id2, shift_amt: $shift_amt"); if (!$rand_alg || $rand_alg eq '32bit' || $rand_alg eq '64bit' || $rand_alg eq '64bit2') { - $rndmod=(&Apache::lonnet::numval($Apache::inputtags::part) << 10); - if (defined($Apache::inputtags::response[-1])) { - $rndmod+=&Apache::lonnet::numval($Apache::inputtags::response[-1]); + $rndmod=(&Apache::lonnet::numval($id1) << 10); + if (defined($id2)) { $rndmod+=&Apache::lonnet::numval($id2); } + } elsif ($rand_alg eq '64bit3') { + $rndmod=(&Apache::lonnet::numval2($id1) << 10); + if (defined($id2)) { $rndmod+=&Apache::lonnet::numval2($id2); } + } elsif ($rand_alg eq '64bit4') { + my $shift=(4*$shift_amt)%30; + $rndmod=(&Apache::lonnet::numval3($id1) << (($shift+15)%30)); + if (defined($id2)) { + $rndmod+=(&Apache::lonnet::numval3($id2) << $shift ); } } else { - $rndmod=(&Apache::lonnet::numval2($Apache::inputtags::part) << 10); - if (defined($Apache::inputtags::response[-1])) { - $rndmod+=&Apache::lonnet::numval2($Apache::inputtags::response[-1]); - } + ($rndmod,$rndmod2)=&Apache::lonnet::digest("$id1,$id2"); } + if ($rndseed =~/([,:])/) { my $char=$1; use integer; my ($num1,$num2)=split(/\Q$char\E/,$rndseed); $num1+=$rndmod; - $num2+=$rndmod; + $num2+= ((defined($rndmod2)) ? $rndmod2 : $rndmod); + if($Apache::lonnet::_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); } $rndseed=$num1.$char.$num2; } else { $rndseed+=$rndmod; + if($Apache::lonnet::_64bit) { + use integer; + $rndseed=(($rndseed<<32)>>32); + } } + &Apache::lonxml::debug("randseed $rndmod $rndseed"); &Apache::lonnet::setup_random_from_rndseed($rndseed); - &Apache::lonxml::debug("randseed $rndseed"); return ''; } @@ -268,17 +297,18 @@ sub handle_previous { if ($$previous{'used'} && ($$previous{'award'} eq $ad) ) { if ($$previous{'last'}) { push(@Apache::inputtags::previous,'PREVIOUSLY_LAST'); - } else { + push(@Apache::inputtags::previous_version,$$previous{'version'}); + } elsif ($Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'survey') { push(@Apache::inputtags::previous,'PREVIOUSLY_USED'); + push(@Apache::inputtags::previous_version,$$previous{'version'}); } - push(@Apache::inputtags::previous_version,$$previous{'version'}); } } sub view_or_modify { my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$name) = &Apache::lonxml::whichuser(); my $myself=0; - if ( ($name eq $ENV{'user.name'}) && ($domain eq $ENV{'user.domain'}) ) { + if ( ($name eq $env{'user.name'}) && ($domain eq $env{'user.domain'}) ) { $myself=1; } my $vgr=&Apache::lonnet::allowed('vgr',$courseid); @@ -309,14 +339,14 @@ sub end_dataresponse { my $result; if ( $target eq 'web' ) { } elsif ($target eq 'grade' ) { - if ( defined $ENV{'form.submitted'}) { + if ( defined $env{'form.submitted'}) { my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$name)=&Apache::lonxml::whichuser(); my $allowed=&Apache::lonnet::allowed('mgr',$courseid); if ($allowed) { &Apache::response::setup_params('dataresponse',$safeeval); my $partid = $Apache::inputtags::part; my $id = $Apache::inputtags::response['-1']; - my $response = $ENV{'form.HWVAL_'.$id}; + my $response = $env{'form.HWVAL_'.$id}; my $name = &Apache::lonxml::get_param('name',$parstack,$safeeval); if ( $response =~ /[^\s]/) { $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$partid.$id.$name"}=$response; @@ -332,6 +362,198 @@ sub end_dataresponse { return $result; } +sub start_customresponse { + my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval)=@_; + my $id = &Apache::response::start_response($parstack,$safeeval); + push(@Apache::lonxml::namespace,'customresponse'); + my $result; + undef($Apache::response::custom_answer); + &Apache::lonxml::register('Apache::response',('answer')); + if ($target eq 'web') { + if ( &Apache::response::show_answer() ) { + my $answer = &Apache::lonxml::get_param('answerdisplay',$parstack, + $safeeval); + $Apache::inputtags::answertxt{$id}=$answer; + } + } elsif ($target eq 'edit') { + $result.=&Apache::edit::tag_start($target,$token); + $result.=&Apache::edit::text_arg('String to display for answer:', + 'answerdisplay',$token); + $result.=&Apache::edit::end_row().&Apache::edit::start_spanning_row(); + } elsif ($target eq 'modified') { + my $constructtag; + $constructtag=&Apache::edit::get_new_args($token,$parstack, + $safeeval,'answerdisplay'); + if ($constructtag) { + $result = &Apache::edit::rebuild_tag($token); + $result.=&Apache::edit::handle_insert(); + } + } elsif ($target eq 'answer' || $target eq 'grade') { + &Apache::response::reset_params(); + } elsif ($target eq 'meta') { + $result .= &Apache::response::meta_package_write('customresponse'); + } + return $result; +} + +sub end_customresponse { + my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval)=@_; + my $result; + my $part=$Apache::inputtags::part; + my $id=$Apache::inputtags::response[-1]; + if ( $target eq 'grade' && &Apache::response::submitted() ) { + my $response = &Apache::response::getresponse(); + if ($Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'exam' || + &Apache::response::submitted('scantron')) { + &Apache::response::scored_response($part,$id); + } elsif ( $response =~ /[^\s]/ && + $Apache::response::custom_answer_type eq 'loncapa/perl') { + if (!$Apache::lonxml::default_homework_loaded) { + &Apache::lonxml::default_homework_load($safeeval); + } + my %previous = &Apache::response::check_for_previous($response, + $part,$id); + $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.submission"}= + $response; + my $error; + ${$safeeval->varglob('LONCAPA::customresponse_submission')}= + $response; + + my $award = &Apache::run::run('{ my $submission=$LONCAPA::customresponse_submission;'.$Apache::response::custom_answer.'}',$safeeval); + if (!&Apache::inputtags::valid_award($award)) { + $error = $award; + $award = 'ERROR'; + } + &Apache::response::handle_previous(\%previous,$award); + $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.awarddetail"}= + $award; + if ($error) { + $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.awardmsg"}= + $error; + } + } + } elsif ( $target eq 'answer') { + $result = &Apache::response::answer_header('customresponse'); + my $answer = &Apache::lonxml::get_param('answerdisplay',$parstack, + $safeeval); + if ($env{'form.answer_output_mode'} ne 'tex') { + $answer = ''.$answer.''; + } + $result .= &Apache::response::answer_part('customresponse',$answer); + $result .= &Apache::response::answer_footer('customresponse'); + } + if ($target eq 'grade' || $target eq 'web' || $target eq 'answer' || + $target eq 'tex' || $target eq 'analyze') { + &Apache::lonxml::increment_counter(&Apache::response::repetition()); + } + pop(@Apache::lonxml::namespace); + &Apache::lonxml::deregister('Apache::response',('answer')); + &Apache::response::end_response(); + return $result; +} + + +sub start_mathresponse { + my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval)=@_; + my $id = &Apache::response::start_response($parstack,$safeeval); + push(@Apache::lonxml::namespace,'mathresponse'); + my $result; + undef($Apache::response::custom_answer); + &Apache::lonxml::register('Apache::response',('answer')); + if ($target eq 'web') { + if ( &Apache::response::show_answer() ) { + my $answer = &Apache::lonxml::get_param('answerdisplay',$parstack, + $safeeval); + $Apache::inputtags::answertxt{$id}=$answer; + } + } elsif ($target eq 'edit') { + $result.=&Apache::edit::tag_start($target,$token); + $result.=&Apache::edit::text_arg('String to display for answer:', + 'answerdisplay',$token); + $result.=&Apache::edit::end_row().&Apache::edit::start_spanning_row(); + } elsif ($target eq 'modified') { + my $constructtag; + $constructtag=&Apache::edit::get_new_args($token,$parstack, + $safeeval,'answerdisplay'); + if ($constructtag) { + $result = &Apache::edit::rebuild_tag($token); + $result.=&Apache::edit::handle_insert(); + } + } elsif ($target eq 'answer' || $target eq 'grade') { + &Apache::response::reset_params(); + } elsif ($target eq 'meta') { + $result .= &Apache::response::meta_package_write('mathresponse'); + } + return $result; +} + +sub end_mathresponse { + my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval)=@_; + my $result; + my $part=$Apache::inputtags::part; + my $id=$Apache::inputtags::response[-1]; + if ( $target eq 'grade' && &Apache::response::submitted() ) { + my $response = &Apache::response::getresponse(); + if ( $response =~ /[^\s]/ && + $Apache::response::custom_answer_type eq 'loncapa/perl') { + if (!$Apache::lonxml::default_homework_loaded) { + &Apache::lonxml::default_homework_load($safeeval); + } + my %previous = &Apache::response::check_for_previous($response, + $part,$id); + $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.submission"}= + $response; + my $error; + ${$safeeval->varglob('LONCAPA::mathresponse_submission')}= + $response; + + my $award = &Apache::run::run('{ my $submission=$LONCAPA::mathresponse_submission;'.$Apache::response::custom_answer.'}',$safeeval); + if (!&Apache::inputtags::valid_award($award)) { + $error = $award; + $award = 'ERROR'; + } + &Apache::response::handle_previous(\%previous,$award); + $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.awarddetail"}= + $award; + if ($error) { + $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.awardmsg"}= + $error; + } + } + } + pop(@Apache::lonxml::namespace); + &Apache::lonxml::deregister('Apache::response',('answer')); + &Apache::response::end_response(); + return $result; +} + + +sub start_answer { + my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval)=@_; + my $result; + $Apache::response::custom_answer= + &Apache::lonxml::get_all_text_unbalanced("/answer",$parser); + $Apache::response::custom_answer_type= + lc(&Apache::lonxml::get_param('type',$parstack,$safeeval)); + $Apache::response::custom_answer_type =~ s/\s+//g; + if ($target eq "edit" ) { + $result=&Apache::edit::tag_start($target,$token,'Answer algorithm'); + $result.=&Apache::edit::editfield($token->[1], + $Apache::response::custom_answer, + '',80,4); + } elsif ( $target eq "modified" ) { + $result=$token->[4].&Apache::edit::modifiedfield('/answer',$parser); + } + return $result; +} + +sub end_answer { + my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval)=@_; + if ($target eq 'edit' ) { + return &Apache::edit::end_table(); + } +} + sub decide_package { my ($tagstack)=@_; my $package; @@ -384,8 +606,8 @@ sub start_responseparam { $safeeval,'name','type', 'description','default'); my $element=&Apache::edit::html_element_name('parameter_package'); - if (defined($ENV{"form.$element"}) && $ENV{"form.$element"} ne '') { - my $name=$ENV{"form.$element"}; + if (defined($env{"form.$element"}) && $env{"form.$element"} ne '') { + my $name=$env{"form.$element"}; my $tag=&decide_package($tagstack); $token->[2]->{'name'}=$name; $token->[2]->{'type'}= @@ -402,7 +624,7 @@ sub start_responseparam { } } elsif ($target eq 'grade' || $target eq 'answer' || $target eq 'web' || $target eq 'tex' || $target eq 'analyze' ) { - if ($ENV{'request.state'} eq 'construct') { + if ($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct') { my $name =&Apache::lonxml::get_param('name',$parstack,$safeeval); my $default=&Apache::lonxml::get_param('default',$parstack, $safeeval); @@ -419,13 +641,11 @@ sub end_responseparam { } sub start_parameter { - my $result = &start_responseparam(@_); - return $result; + return &start_responseparam(@_); } sub end_parameter { - my $result = &end_responseparam(@_); - return $result; + return &end_responseparam(@_); } sub reset_params { @@ -435,7 +655,7 @@ sub reset_params { sub setup_params { my ($tag,$safeeval) = @_; - if ($ENV{'request.state'} eq 'construct') { return; } + if ($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct') { return; } my %paramlist=(); foreach my $key (keys(%Apache::lonnet::packagetab)) { if ($key =~ /^$tag/) { @@ -464,15 +684,30 @@ sub setup_params { } } +{ + my @answer_bits; + sub answer_header { - my ($type) = @_; + my ($type,$increment) = @_; my $result; - if ($ENV{'form.answer_output_mode'} eq 'tex') { - $result = ' \vskip 0 mm \begin{tabular}{|c|}\hline Answer for Part: \verb|'. - $Apache::inputtags::part.'| \\\\ \hline '; + if ($env{'form.answer_output_mode'} eq 'tex') { + undef(@answer_bits); + my $bit; + if ($Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'exam') { + $bit = ($Apache::lonxml::counter+$increment).') '; + } else { + $bit .= ' Answer for Part: \verb|'. + $Apache::inputtags::part.'| '; + } + push(@answer_bits,$bit); } else { - $result = ''."\n"; + $result = '
Answer for Part:'. - $Apache::inputtags::part. '
'; + if ($Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'exam') { + $result .= ''; + } else { + $result .= ''; + } + $result .= "\n"; } return $result; } @@ -480,8 +715,18 @@ sub answer_header { sub answer_part { my ($type,$answer) = @_; my $result; - if ($ENV{'form.answer_output_mode'} eq 'tex') { - $result = ' \verb|'.$answer.'|\\\\ \hline '; + if ($env{'form.answer_output_mode'} eq 'tex') { + my $to_use='|'; + foreach my $value (32..126) { + my $char=pack('c',$value); + if ($answer !~ /\Q$char\E/) { + $to_use=$char; + last; + } + } + if ($answer ne '') { + push(@answer_bits,'\verb'.$to_use.$answer.$to_use); + } } else { $result = ''; } @@ -491,22 +736,29 @@ sub answer_part { sub answer_footer { my ($type) = @_; my $result; - if ($ENV{'form.answer_output_mode'} eq 'tex') { - $result = ' \end{tabular} \vskip 0 mm '; + if ($env{'form.answer_output_mode'} eq 'tex') { + my $columns = scalar(@answer_bits); + $result = ' \vskip 0 mm \noindent \begin{tabular}{|'.'c|'x$columns.'}\hline '; + $result .= join(' & ',@answer_bits); + $result .= ' \\\\ \\hline \end{tabular} \vskip 0 mm '; } else { $result = '
'.($Apache::lonxml::counter+$increment). ')Answer for Part:'.$Apache::inputtags::part.''.$answer.'
'; } return $result; } +} + sub showallfoils { - if (defined($ENV{'form.showallfoils'})) { + if (defined($env{'form.showallfoils'})) { my ($symb)=&Apache::lonxml::whichuser(); - if ($ENV{'request.state'} eq 'construct' || - ($ENV{'user.adv'} && $symb eq '')) { + if (($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct') || + ($env{'user.adv'} && $symb eq '') || + ($Apache::lonhomework::viewgrades) ) { return 1; } } + if ($Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'survey') { return 1; } return 0; } @@ -523,10 +775,10 @@ sub getresponse { 'I'=>8,'J'=>9,'K'=>10,'L'=>11,'M'=>12,'N'=>13,'O'=>14, 'P'=>15,'Q'=>16,'R'=>17,'S'=>18,'T'=>19,'U'=>20,'V'=>21, 'W'=>22,'X'=>23,'Y'=>24,'Z'=>25); - if ($ENV{'form.submitted'} eq 'scantron') { + if ($env{'form.submitted'} eq 'scantron') { my $part = $Apache::inputtags::part; my $id = $Apache::inputtags::response[-1]; - $response = $ENV{'scantron.'.($Apache::lonxml::counter+$temp-1). + $response = $env{'scantron.'.($Apache::lonxml::counter+$temp-1). '.answer'}; # save bubbled letter for later $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.scantron"}.= @@ -539,7 +791,7 @@ sub getresponse { } } } else { - $response = $ENV{$formparm}; + $response = $env{$formparm}; } return $response; } @@ -547,8 +799,9 @@ sub getresponse { sub repetition { my $id = $Apache::inputtags::part; my $weight = &Apache::lonnet::EXT("resource.$id.weight"); - my $repetition = int $weight/9; - if ($weight % 9 != 0) {$repetition++;} + if (!defined($weight) || ($weight eq '')) { $weight=1; } + my $repetition = int($weight/10); + if ($weight % 10 != 0) { $repetition++; } return $repetition; } @@ -557,6 +810,7 @@ sub scored_response { my $repetition=&repetition(); my $score=0; for (my $i=0;$i<$repetition;$i++) { + # A is 1, B is 2, etc. (get response return 0-9 and then we add 1) my $increase=&Apache::response::getresponse($i+1); if ($increase ne '') { $score+=$increase+1; } } @@ -690,7 +944,7 @@ sub pick_foil_for_concept { sub get_response_param { my ($id,$name,$default)=@_; my $parameter; - if ($ENV{'request.state'} eq 'construct' && + if ($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct' && defined($Apache::inputtags::params{$name})) { $parameter=$Apache::inputtags::params{$name}; } else { @@ -702,6 +956,75 @@ sub get_response_param { return $parameter; } +sub submitted { + my ($who)=@_; + + # when scatron grading any submission is a submission + if ($env{'form.submitted'} eq 'scantron') { return 1; } + # if the caller only cared if this was a scantron submission + if ($who eq 'scantron') { return 0; } + # if the Submit Answer button for this particular part was pressed + my $partid=$Apache::inputtags::part; + if (defined($env{'form.submit_'.$partid})) { return 1; } + # Submit All button on a .page was pressed + if (defined($env{'form.all_submit'})) { return 1; } + # otherwise no submission occured + return 0; +} + +sub add_to_gradingqueue { + my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$name) = &Apache::lonxml::whichuser(); + if ( $courseid eq '' + || $symb eq '' + || $env{'request.state'} eq 'construct' + || $Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'problem') { + return; + } + + my %queue_info = ( 'type' => 'problem', + 'time' => time); + + if (exists($Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.0.checkedin.slot"})) { + $queue_info{'slot'}= + $Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.0.checkedin.slot"}; + } + + my $result=&Apache::bridgetask::add_to_queue('gradingqueue',\%queue_info); + if ($result ne 'ok') { + &Apache::lonxml::error("add_to_queue said $result"); + } +} + +# basically undef and 0 (both false) mean that they still have work to do +# and all true values mean that they can't do any more work +# +# a return of undef means it is unattempted +# a return of 0 means it is attmpted and wrong but still has tries +# a return of 1 means it is marked correct +# a return of 2 means they have exceed maximum number of tries +# a return of 3 means it after the answer date +sub check_status { + my ($id)=@_; + if (!defined($id)) { $id=$Apache::inputtags::part; } + my $curtime=&Apache::lonnet::EXT('system.time'); + my $opendate=&Apache::lonnet::EXT("resource.$id.opendate"); + my $duedate=&Apache::lonnet::EXT("resource.$id.duedate"); + my $answerdate=&Apache::lonnet::EXT("resource.$id.answerdate"); + if ( $opendate && $curtime > $opendate && + $duedate && $curtime > $duedate && + $answerdate && $curtime > $answerdate) { + return 3; + } + my $status=&Apache::lonnet::EXT("user.resource.resource.$id.solved"); + if ($status =~ /^correct/) { return 1; } + if (!$status) { return undef; } + my $maxtries=&Apache::lonnet::EXT("resource.$id.maxtries"); + if ($maxtries eq '') { $maxtries=2; } + my $curtries=&Apache::lonnet::EXT("user.resource.resource.$id.tries"); + if ($curtries < $maxtries) { return 0; } + return 2; +} + 1; __END__