Annotation of loncom/html/adm/help/tex/Physical_Units.tex, revision 1.3
1.1 www 1: \label{Physical_Units}
2: \section*{Physical Units Accepted by LON-CAPA}
3: The following subsections show the physical units that LON-CAPA accepts.
4: The symbols must be used when entering the units, for example {}``35 kg''.
1.3 ! albertel 5:
! 6: Note that compound units are formed by using *, / and ^. For example, an acceleration might
! 7: be in terms of ``m/s^2'' or meters per second squared. This could also be expressed as``m/s/s''.
! 8: Units of Newton-meters (for torque) would be entered as ``N*m''. Parentheses may be used to guarantee
! 9: the correct sense of the unit. Kilometers per Ampere-hour could be written as ``km/(A*hr)'' or
! 10: ``km/A/hr'' but not ``km/A*hr''. The last option would be interpreted as kilometer times hours per Ampere.
! 11:
! 12: LON-CAPA will automatically perform some conversions between units of the same dimension
! 13: when units are provided for a problem.
! 14: You can provide an answer of ``1.45 km'' for a distance.
! 15: If the computer expects the answer in cm, it will convert your answer before comparing
! 16: against the numerical solution.
! 17:
! 18: Please note that if your units are inappropriate, the computer has no way of checking
! 19: the appropriateness of your answer. If units are required, only once appropriate
! 20: units are provided will the system check your numerical answer.
! 21:
1.1 www 22: \subsection*{Base Units}
23: \begin{verbatim}
24: # name symbol comment
25:
26: meter m # length
27: kilogram kg # mass
28: second s # time
29: ampere A # electric current
30: kelvin K # thermodynamic temperature
31: mole mol # amount of substance
32: candela cd # luminous intensity
33: \end{verbatim}
34: \subsection*{Prefixes}
35: \begin{verbatim}
36: # Prefix symbol factor
37:
38: yotta Y 10^{24}
39: zetta Z 10^{21}
40: exa E 10^{18}
41: peta P 10^{15}
42: tera T 10^{12}
43: giga G 10^9
44: mega M 10^6
45: kilo k 10^3
46: hecto h 10^2
47:
48: deci d 10^-1
49: centi c 10^-2
50: milli m 10^-3
51: micro u 10^-6
52: nano n 10^-9
53: pico p 10^{-12}
54: femto f 10^{-15}
55: atto a 10^{-18}
56: zepto z 10^{-21}
57: yocto y 10^{-24}
58: \end{verbatim}
59: \subsection*{Derived Units}
60: \begin{verbatim}
61: # Derived Unit
62: # name symbol comment
63:
64: gram g # mass
65: hour hr # time
66: minute min # time
67: day day # time
68: year yr # time
69: pound lb # mass
70: ounce oz # mass
71: inch in # length
72: foot ft # length
73: mile mi # length
74: yard yd # length
75: nautical_mile n_mi # length, nautical mile (UK)
76: rood rood # area, rood
77: acre acre # area, acre
78: hertz Hz # frequency
79: litre L # volume
80: newton N # force
81: pound_force lbf # force
82: dyne dyn # force
83: pascal Pa # pressure, stress
84: bar bar # pressure
85: mmHg mmHg # pressure, millimeter of mercury
86: torr torr # pressure
87: atm atm # standard atmosphere
88: joule J # energy, work, heat
89: electronvolt eV # energy
90: calorie cal # energy
91: Btu Btu # energy
92: watt W # power, radiant flux
93: coulomb C # electric charge
94: volt V # electric potential, electromotive force
95: ohm ohm # electric resistance, use this in /ANS
96: ohm ohms # electric resistance
97: ohm Ohm # electric resistance
98: ohm Ohms # electric resistance
99: siemens S # electric conductance
100: farad F # electric capacitance
101: tesla T # magnetic flux density
102: weber Wb # magnetic flux
103: henry H # inductance
104: radian rad # plane angle
105: degree deg # plane angle (Pi rad=180 deg)
106: steradian sr # solid angle
107: lumen lm # luminous flux
108: lux lx # illuminance
109: becquerel Bq # activity (radioactive)
110: gray Gy # absorbed dose (of radiation)
111: sievert Sv # dose equivalent (dose equivalent index)
112: astroUnit AU # mean distance earth to sun
1.2 albertel 113: celcius degC # multiplicatively OK
114: farenheight degF # multiplicatively OK
115: molarity M # chemisty
116: amu amu # atomic mass unit
117: amu u # atomic mass unit
1.1 www 118: \end{verbatim}
119: \subsection*{Interpretation}
120: The coded units are interpreted in the order of basic unit,
121: derived unit, then prefix. For example, ``T'' will be matched against
122: ``tesla'' instead of considered the prefix ``T''. Another example is that
123: ``min'' will match
124: ``minutes'' instead of treated as a combination of the prefix ``m'' and units.
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