Annotation of loncom/html/adm/help/tex/adaptive_hints.tex, revision 1.4
1.1 www 1: \label{adaptive_hints}
1.3 lira 2: \index{hints}\index{conditional hints}\index{adaptive hints}
1.4 ! raeburn 3: Hints are placed within $<$hintgroup$>$$<$/hintgroup$>$ tags. The first part of the hint is the condition, which includes a specification of the foil(s) and foil answer(s) required to trigger the hint. The answers specified in the hint condition are compared with the user's submission, and if the condition is met, the hint action included in the conditional hint block will be executed (for example this could be the display of a block of text). You can set multiple hint conditions for a particular problem. Hint conditions are identified by a name. The corresponding hint action includes this hint condition name in the ``on'' parameter. When a hint condition evaluates to true, the corresponding hint action is triggered. Besides providing hint actions within $<$hintpart on="NAME"$>$$<$/hintpart$>$ tags for each named (NAME) hint condition, a hint can be designated for display if none of the conditional hints evaluate to true. The default hint is not displayed if the conditions were met for any of the conditional hints. The default hint action is included between $<$hintpart on=``default''$>$$<$/hintpart$>$ tags.
1.3 lira 4: There are five types of hint condition:
1.1 www 5:
1.3 lira 6: \begin{itemize}
7: \item Formula Hint condition
8: \item Numerical Hint condition
9: \item Option Response Hint condition
10: \item Radiobutton Hint condition
11: \item String Hint condition
12: \end{itemize}
13:
14: \noindent The syntax used to describe the foil(s) and the foil answer(s) differ for the five types:
15: \begin{enumerate}
16: \item Formula Hint condition
1.1 www 17:
1.4 ! raeburn 18: The formulahint tag takes three parameters: answer, name, and samples. The ``name'' is the unique name given to the hint condition. The formula answer for which you wish to provide conditional is included in the answer parameter. The samples parameter includes the points (or range of points) over which sampling of the student's submitted answer and the formula included in the formula hint answer parameter are to be compared. The syntax is the same as used to specify sampling points in the samples parameter of the formula reponse tag itself. The formula submitted by the student is evaluated at the sample points for the hint and the calculated values are compared with the corresponding values determined by evaluating the ``hint'' answer at the same sampling points. A close correspondence between the two sets of values will trigger the hint action specified in the $<$hintpart$>$ tag.
1.2 albertel 19: \begin{verbatim}
1.4 ! raeburn 20: <problem>
1.1 www 21: <script type="loncapa/perl" ># Enter computations here
22: $x1 = random(2,4,1);
23: $y1 = random(3,7,1);
24:
25: $x2 = random($x1+1,9,1);
26: $y2 = random($y1+1,15,1);
27:
28: $m = "($y2-$y1)/($x2-$x1)";
29: $b = "$y1-$m*$x1";
30: $answer = "$m*x+$b";
31: $answer =~ s/\+-/-/g;
32: $answer =~ s/-\+/-/g;
33:
34: $inverted = "($x2-$x1)/($y2-$y1)";
35: $wrongans = "$inverted*x";
36: $wrongans =~ s/\+-/-/g;
37: $wrongans =~ s/-\+/-/g;
1.4 ! raeburn 38: </script>
! 39: <startouttext /><p> What is the equation of the line
1.3 lira 40: which passess through ($x1,$y1) and ($x2,$y2)?</p > y = <endouttext />
1.4 ! raeburn 41: <formularesponse samples="x@-5:5#11" id="11" answer="$answer">
! 42: <textline size="25" />
! 43: <hintgroup>
! 44: <formulahint samples="x@-5:5#11" answer="$wrongans" name="inversegrad">
! 45: </formulahint>
! 46: <hintpart on="inversegrad">
1.1 www 47: <startouttext />You have inverted the slope in the question. Slope is
1.4 ! raeburn 48: (y2-y1)/(x2 - x1) you have the slope as (x2-x1)/(y2-y1).<endouttext />
! 49: </hintpart>
! 50: </hintgroup>
! 51: </formularesponse>
! 52: </problem>
1.2 albertel 53: \end{verbatim}
1.1 www 54:
1.3 lira 55: \item Numerical Response condition
56:
1.4 ! raeburn 57: The numericalhint tag takes four parameters: answer, name, unit and format. The ``name'' is the unique name given to the hint condition. The numerical answer for which you wish to provide conditional is included in the answer parameter. Student submission of that answer in combination with the ``unit'' parameter in the hint condition will trigger the hint action specified in the $<$hintpart$>$ tag.
1.1 www 58:
1.2 albertel 59: \begin{verbatim}
1.4 ! raeburn 60: <problem> <startouttext /> A car travels 10 km in 10 min.
1.3 lira 61: What is the speed of the car?<endouttext />
1.1 www 62: <numericalresponse format="1f" unit="km/hr" answer="60">
1.3 lira 63: <responseparam description="Numerical Tolerance" default="2%"
64: type="tolerance" name="tol" />
1.1 www 65: <textline />
1.4 ! raeburn 66: <hintgroup>
1.1 www 67: <numericalhint format="1f" unit="km/min" answer="100" name="speed">
1.3 lira 68: <responseparam description="Numerical Tolerance" type="tolerance"
69: default="2%" name="tol" />
1.4 ! raeburn 70: </numericalhin >
1.1 www 71: <hintpart on="speed">
1.3 lira 72: <startouttext />You multiplied the distance by the time. Remember
73: speed = distance/time<endouttext />
1.4 ! raeburn 74: </hintpart>
! 75: </hintgroup>
! 76: </numericalresponse>
! 77: </problem>
1.2 albertel 78: \end{verbatim}
79:
1.3 lira 80: \item Option Response Hint condition
1.2 albertel 81:
1.4 ! raeburn 82: There are two types of option response hint conditions: one for standalone foils and one for concept groups. In both cases the option hint tag includes two parameters: answer and name for standalone foils, and concept and name for foils grouped together in a concept group. For the answer parameter, the names and submitted values for each of the foils that are being included in the hint condition are provided in a hash, i.e., in the format: ('Foil1'=$>$'True','Foil2'=$>$'False'). In the case of a conditional hint for a concept group, the format of the concept parameter is also a hash that links the name of each concept group included in the hint condition to either 'correct' or 'incorrect' - e.g., $<$optionhint concept="('buoyancy'=$>$'correct','density'=$>$'correct')" name=``fluids'' /$>$ If 'correct' is specified for a named concept then when the conditional hint is evaluated answers for each of the foils selected by a student must be correct for the hint action to be triggered. If anything other than 'correct' is provided in the concept hash in the optionhint tag then then students answers will be compared with the set answers for the foils in the concept group and as long as at least one answer is incorrect (i.e., the concept group was not correctly answered) then the corresponding hint action will be triggered.
1.3 lira 83:
84: \begin{enumerate}
85: \item optionresponse
1.2 albertel 86: \begin{verbatim}
1.4 ! raeburn 87: <problem>
1.3 lira 88: <startouttext />For each of the following rock types, indicate
1.4 ! raeburn 89: whether or not the rock is a volcanic rock.<endouttext />
! 90: <optionresponse max="10" randomize="yes">
1.1 www 91: <foilgroup options="('Yes','No')" >
1.4 ! raeburn 92: <foil location="random" value="No" name="schist">
! 93: <startouttext />Schist<endouttext />
! 94: </foil>
! 95: <foil location="random" value="No" name="marble">
! 96: <startouttext />Marble<endouttext />
! 97: </foil>
! 98: <foil location="random" value="Yes" name="basalt">
! 99: <startouttext />Basalt<endouttext />
! 100: </foil>
! 101: <foil location="random" value="No" name="gabbro">
1.1 www 102: <startouttext />Gabbro<endouttext />
1.4 ! raeburn 103: </foil>
! 104: <foil location="random" value="No" name="granite">
1.1 www 105: <startouttext />Granite<endouttext />
1.4 ! raeburn 106: </foil>
1.1 www 107: </foilgroup >
108: <hintgroup >
1.3 lira 109: <optionhint answer="('schist'=>'Yes','marble'=>'Yes')"
1.4 ! raeburn 110: name="metamorphic"/>
1.3 lira 111: <optionhint answer="('gabbro'=>'Yes','granite'=>'Yes')"
1.4 ! raeburn 112: name="plutonic" />
1.1 www 113: <hintpart on="metamorphic">
1.3 lira 114: <startouttext />Schist and Marble are both examples of
115: metamorphic rocks as described on page 2 of the textbook.
1.4 ! raeburn 116: <br /><br /><endouttext />
! 117: </hintpart>
! 118: <hintpart on="plutonic">
1.3 lira 119: <startouttext />Granite and Gabbro are both examples of
120: igneous rocks that crystallized beneath the surface, i.e.,
1.4 ! raeburn 121: they are plutonic rocks.<br /><br /><endouttext />
! 122: </hintpart>
1.1 www 123: <hintpart on="default" >
1.3 lira 124: <startouttext />Volcanic rocks are described on page 22
1.4 ! raeburn 125: of the textbook.<endouttext />
! 126: </hintpart>
! 127: </hintgroup>
! 128: </optionresponse>
! 129: </problem>
1.2 albertel 130: \end{verbatim}
131:
1.3 lira 132: \item optionresponse with concept groups
1.2 albertel 133:
134: \begin{verbatim}
1.4 ! raeburn 135: <problem>
1.3 lira 136: <startouttext />Choose the likely plate boundary type,
137: where you are most likely to encounter each of the following
1.4 ! raeburn 138: geologic features or phenomena.<endouttext />
! 139: <optionresponse max="10" randomize="yes">
1.1 www 140: <foilgroup options="('Convergent','Divergent','Transform')" >
1.4 ! raeburn 141: <conceptgroup concept="faulting">
! 142: <foil name="normal" value="Divergent">
! 143: <startouttext / >Normal faults<endouttext />
! 144: </foil>
! 145: <foil name="strike" value="Transform">
1.1 www 146: <startouttext / >Strike-slip faults<endouttext />
1.4 ! raeburn 147: </foil>
! 148: <foil name="thrust" value="Convergent">
1.1 www 149: <startouttext />Thrust faults<endouttext />
1.4 ! raeburn 150: </foil>
! 151: </conceptgroup>
! 152: <conceptgroup concept="earthquakes">
! 153: <foil name="deep" value="Convergent">
1.3 lira 154: <startouttext / >Large Magntitude, deep and intermediate
1.4 ! raeburn 155: focus earthquakes<endouttext />
! 156: </foil>
! 157: <foil name="shallow" value="Transform">
1.3 lira 158: <startouttext / >Large magnitude, shallow focus earthquakes
159: <endouttext />
1.4 ! raeburn 160: </foil>
! 161: <foil name="lowmag" value="Divergent">
1.3 lira 162: <startouttext / >Low magnitude shallow focus earthquakes
163: <endouttext />
1.4 ! raeburn 164: </foil>
! 165: </conceptgroup>
! 166: <conceptgroup concept="topography">
! 167: <foil name="gentle" value="Divergent">
1.3 lira 168: <startouttext / >Broad area of elevated topography with a
1.4 ! raeburn 169: central rift valley.<endouttext />
! 170: </foil>
! 171: <foil name="linear" value="Transform">
1.3 lira 172: <startouttext / >A narrow linear fault zone with limited
1.4 ! raeburn 173: topgraphic expression.<endouttext />
! 174: </foil>
! 175: <foil name="trench" value="Convergent">
1.3 lira 176: <startouttext />A deep trench adjacent to a volcanic arc.
1.4 ! raeburn 177: <endouttext />
! 178: </foil>
! 179: </conceptgroup>
! 180: <conceptgroup concept="volcanism">
! 181: <foil name="explosize" value="Convergent">
1.3 lira 182: <startouttext />Explosive volcanism involving volatile-rich
1.4 ! raeburn 183: viscous magma.<endouttext />
! 184: </foil>
! 185: <foil name="fluid" value="Divergent">
1.3 lira 186: <startouttext />Non-explosive outpourings of low-viscosity
1.4 ! raeburn 187: magma.<endouttext />
! 188: </foil>
! 189: <foil name="nonvolcanic" value="Transform">
! 190: <startouttext />No volcanic activity.<endouttext />
! 191: </foil>
! 192: </conceptgroup>
! 193: </foilgroup>
! 194: <hintgroup>
1.3 lira 195: <optionhint concept="('earthquakes' => 'incorrect')"
1.4 ! raeburn 196: name="quakes" />
1.3 lira 197: <optionhint concept="('volcanism' => 'incorrect')"
1.4 ! raeburn 198: name="volcactivity" />
1.3 lira 199: <optionhint concept="('topography' => 'incorrect')"
1.4 ! raeburn 200: name="relief" />
! 201: <hintpart on="volcanism">
1.3 lira 202: <startouttext />Volcanism requires a source of magma.
203: Magma can be generated by either a depression in the solidus
204: caused by an influx of volatiles, or by decompression melting.
205: Magma rich in volatiles tends to cause explosive volcanism.
1.4 ! raeburn 206: <endouttext />
! 207: </hintpart>
! 208: <hintpart on="quakes">
1.3 lira 209: <startouttext />Earthquakes require brittle failure, so there
210: is a correlation between the depth of earthquake foci and the
211: geotherm. The geotherm is depressed in subduction zones, and
1.4 ! raeburn 212: elevated at mid-ocean ridges.<endouttext />
! 213: </hintpart>
! 214: <hintpart on="relief">
! 215: <startouttext />On a broad scale topography is an expression
1.3 lira 216: of density variation, as embodied in the concept of isostasy.
217: Density variation in the earth is a function of temperature and
218: composition. Cold oceanic crust entering a subduction zone is
219: dense, whereas as magma is buoyant and of lower density.
1.4 ! raeburn 220: <br /><br /><endouttext />
! 221: </hintpart>
! 222: <hintpart on="default">
! 223: <startouttext />The characteristics of plate boundaries are
! 224: described on page 52 of the textbook.<endouttext />
! 225: </hintpart>
! 226: </hintgroup>
! 227: </optionresponse>
! 228: </problem>
1.2 albertel 229: \end{verbatim}
1.3 lira 230: \end{enumerate}
1.2 albertel 231:
1.3 lira 232: \item Radiobutton Hint condition
1.1 www 233:
1.3 lira 234: The radiobutton hint tag takes two parameters: answer and name. The name is
1.1 www 235: the name of the hint condition, and the answer is an array. The first element of the array will be 'foil'; the remaining elements are the names of the foils that you require to have been checked by the student for the hint to be displayed. For example, if you create a radiobutton response problem with six foils named: granite, gabbro, gneiss, shale, sandstone and schist, and you want your hint named: igneous to be displayed when either granite or basalt had been checked your radiobutton hint would be as follows:
236:
1.2 albertel 237: \begin{verbatim}
1.1 www 238: <radiobuttonhint answer="('foil','granite','gabbro')"
1.4 ! raeburn 239: name="igneous"></radiobuttonhint>
! 240: \end{verbatim}
! 241:
1.1 www 242: In order to trigger display of this hint you also need to create a
1.4 ! raeburn 243: $<$hintpart$>$$<$/hintpart$>$ block that will include a textblock that
1.3 lira 244: contains the text of the actual hint.
1.4 ! raeburn 245:
! 246: \begin{verbatim}
! 247: <hintpart on="igneous">
1.3 lira 248: <startouttext />This type of rock is composed of interlocking
1.4 ! raeburn 249: crystals, a characteristic of igneous rocks.<endouttext />
! 250: </hintpart>
1.2 albertel 251: \end{verbatim}
252:
1.1 www 253: The complete radiobutton response would look as follows:
254:
1.2 albertel 255: \begin{verbatim}
1.4 ! raeburn 256: <problem>
1.1 www 257: <startouttext />
258: Which of the following is a sedimentary rock?
259: <endouttext />
260:
1.4 ! raeburn 261: <radiobuttonresponse max="3" randomize="yes">
! 262: <foilgroup>
! 263: <foil location="random" value="false" name="granite">
! 264: <startouttext />
1.1 www 265: Granite
1.4 ! raeburn 266: <endouttext />
! 267: </foil>
1.1 www 268:
1.4 ! raeburn 269: <foil location="random" value="false" name="gabbro">
! 270: <startouttext />
1.1 www 271: Gabbro
1.4 ! raeburn 272: <endouttext />
! 273: </foil>
1.1 www 274:
275: <foil location="random" value="false" name="schist">
1.4 ! raeburn 276: <startouttext />
1.1 www 277: Schist
278: <endouttext />
1.4 ! raeburn 279: </foil>
1.1 www 280:
1.4 ! raeburn 281: <foil location="random" value="false" name="gneiss">
! 282: <startouttext />
1.1 www 283: Gneiss
1.4 ! raeburn 284: <endouttext />
! 285: </foil>
1.1 www 286:
1.4 ! raeburn 287: <foil location="random" value="true" name="shale">
! 288: <startouttext />
1.1 www 289: Shale
1.4 ! raeburn 290: <endouttext />
! 291: </foil>
! 292: <foil location="random" value="true" name="sandstone">
! 293: <startouttext />
1.1 www 294: Sandstone
1.4 ! raeburn 295: <endouttext />
! 296: </foil>
1.1 www 297:
1.4 ! raeburn 298: </foilgroup>
! 299: <hintgroup>
1.1 www 300: <radiobuttonhint answer="('foil','granite','gabbro')"
1.4 ! raeburn 301: name="igneous" ></radiobuttonhint>
1.1 www 302: <radiobuttonhint answer="('foil','gneiss','schist')"
1.4 ! raeburn 303: name="metamorphic"></radiobuttonhint>
1.1 www 304:
1.4 ! raeburn 305: <hintpart on="igneous">
1.3 lira 306: <startouttext />This type of rock is composed of interlocking
1.4 ! raeburn 307: crystals, a characteristic of igneous rocks.<br /><br /><endouttext />
! 308: </hintpart>
! 309: <hintpart on="metamorphic">
1.1 www 310: <startouttext />This type of rock is composed of oriented crystals, a
1.4 ! raeburn 311: characteristic of foliated metamorphic rocks.<endouttext />
! 312: </hintpart>
! 313: </hintgroup>
! 314: </radiobuttonresponse>
! 315: </problem>
1.2 albertel 316: \end{verbatim}
1.1 www 317:
1.3 lira 318: \item String Hint condition
319:
1.1 www 320: The radiobutton hint tag takes two parameters: answer and name. The name is the name of the hint condition, and the answer is a text string. The type parameter allows you to choose between case sensitive, case insensitive, and case insensitive in any order. A simple example is shown below.
1.2 albertel 321:
322: \begin{verbatim}
1.4 ! raeburn 323: <problem>
! 324: <startouttext />Which US state has Lansing as its capital?<endouttext />
! 325: <stringresponse answer="Michigan" type="ci">
! 326: <textline size="20" />
! 327: <hintgroup>
! 328: <stringhint answer="wisconsin" type="cs" name="wisc">
! 329: </stringhint>
! 330: <stringhint answer="minnesota" type="cs" name="minn">
! 331: </stringhint>
1.1 www 332: <hintpart on="wisc">
1.4 ! raeburn 333: <startouttext />The state capital of Wisconsin is Madison.<endouttext />
! 334: </hintpart>
1.1 www 335: <hintpart on="minn">
1.4 ! raeburn 336: <startouttext />The state capital of Minnesota is St. Paul.<endouttext />
! 337: </hintpart>
! 338: <hintpart on="default">
1.3 lira 339: <startouttext />The state you are looking for is also known as the
1.4 ! raeburn 340: 'Great Lakes State'<endouttext />
! 341: </hintpart>
! 342: </hintgroup>
! 343: </stringresponse>
! 344: </problem>
1.2 albertel 345: \end{verbatim}
346:
1.3 lira 347: \end{enumerate}
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