--- loncom/interface/statistics/lonproblemanalysis.pm 2002/11/25 18:02:49 1.14 +++ loncom/interface/statistics/lonproblemanalysis.pm 2004/10/29 16:39:42 1.101 @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ # The LearningOnline Network with CAPA -# (Publication Handler # -# $Id: lonproblemanalysis.pm,v 1.14 2002/11/25 18:02:49 minaeibi Exp $ +# $Id: lonproblemanalysis.pm,v 1.101 2004/10/29 16:39:42 matthew Exp $ # # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees # @@ -25,651 +24,1756 @@ # # http://www.lon-capa.org/ # -# (Navigate problems for statistical reports -# YEAR=2002 -# 5/12,7/26,9/7,11/22 Behrouz Minaei -# -### - package Apache::lonproblemanalysis; use strict; use Apache::lonnet(); +use Apache::loncommon(); use Apache::lonhtmlcommon(); -use GDBM_File; - -my $jr; +use Apache::loncoursedata(); +use Apache::lonstatistics; +use Apache::lonlocal; +use Apache::lonstathelpers(); +use Apache::lonstudentsubmissions(); +use HTML::Entities(); +use Time::Local(); +use Spreadsheet::WriteExcel(); + +my $plotcolors = ['#33ff00', + '#0033cc', '#990000', '#aaaa66', '#663399', '#ff9933', + '#66ccff', '#ff9999', '#cccc33', '#660000', '#33cc66', + ]; + +my @SubmitButtons = ({ name => 'PrevProblemAnalysis', + text => 'Previous Problem' }, + { name => 'ProblemAnalysis', + text => 'Analyze Problem Again' }, + { name => 'NextProblemAnalysis', + text => 'Next Problem' }, + { name => 'break'}, + { name => 'SelectAnother', + text => 'Choose a different Problem' }, + { name => 'ExcelOutput', + text => 'Produce Excel Output' }); sub BuildProblemAnalysisPage { - my ($cacheDB, $r)=@_; + my ($r,$c)=@_; + # + my %Saveable_Parameters = ('Status' => 'scalar', + 'Section' => 'array', + 'NumPlots' => 'scalar', + 'AnalyzeOver' => 'scalar', + ); + &Apache::loncommon::store_course_settings('problem_analysis', + \%Saveable_Parameters); + &Apache::loncommon::restore_course_settings('problem_analysis', + \%Saveable_Parameters); + # + &Apache::lonstatistics::PrepareClasslist(); + # + $r->print(&CreateInterface()); + # + my @Students = @Apache::lonstatistics::Students; + # + if (@Students < 1 && exists($ENV{'form.firstrun'})) { + $r->print('

There are no students in the sections selected

'); + } + # + my @CacheButtonHTML = + &Apache::lonstathelpers::manage_caches($r,'Statistics','stats_status'); + $r->rflush(); + # + # Support for numerical and radio response isn't complete enough to + # include in 1.2 release. + # my $problem_types = '(option|radiobutton|numerical)'; + my $problem_types = '.';#(option)'; + if (exists($ENV{'form.problemchoice'}) && + ! exists($ENV{'form.SelectAnother'})) { + foreach my $button (@SubmitButtons) { + if ($button->{'name'} eq 'break') { + $r->print("
\n"); + } else { + $r->print(''); + $r->print(' 'x5); + } + } + foreach my $html (@CacheButtonHTML) { + $r->print($html.(' 'x5)); + } + # + $r->print('
'); + $r->rflush(); + # + # Determine which problem we are to analyze + my $current_problem = &Apache::lonstathelpers::get_target_from_id + ($ENV{'form.problemchoice'}); + # + my ($prev,$curr,$next) = + &Apache::lonstathelpers::get_prev_curr_next($current_problem, + $problem_types, + 'response', + ); + if (exists($ENV{'form.PrevProblemAnalysis'}) && defined($prev)) { + $current_problem = $prev; + } elsif (exists($ENV{'form.NextProblemAnalysis'}) && defined($next)) { + $current_problem = $next; + } else { + $current_problem = $curr; + } + # + # Store the current problem choice and send it out in the form + $ENV{'form.problemchoice'} = + &Apache::lonstathelpers::make_target_id($current_problem); + $r->print(''); + # + if (! defined($current_problem->{'resource'})) { + $r->print('resource is undefined'); + } else { + my $resource = $current_problem->{'resource'}; + $r->print('

'.$resource->{'title'}.'

'); + $r->print('

'.$resource->{'src'}.'

'); + if ($ENV{'form.show_prob'} eq 'true') { + $r->print(&Apache::lonstathelpers::render_resource($resource)); + } + $r->rflush(); + my %Data = &Apache::lonstathelpers::get_problem_data + ($resource->{'src'}); + my $problem_data = $Data{$current_problem->{'part'}. + '.'. + $current_problem->{'respid'}}; + if ($current_problem->{'resptype'} eq 'option') { + &OptionResponseAnalysis($r,$current_problem, + $problem_data, + \@Students); + } elsif ($current_problem->{'resptype'} eq 'radiobutton') { + &radio_response_analysis($r,$current_problem, + $problem_data, + \@Students); + } elsif ($current_problem->{'resptype'} eq 'numerical') { + ## + ## analyze all responses of a problem at once + my $res = $current_problem->{'resource'}; + foreach my $partid (@{$res->{'parts'}}) { + $current_problem->{'part'} = $partid; + foreach my $respid (@{$res->{'partdata'}->{$partid}->{'ResponseIds'}}) { + $current_problem->{'respid'}=$respid; + &NumericalResponseAnalysis($r,$current_problem, + $problem_data,\@Students); + } + } + } else { + $r->print('

This analysis is not supported

'); + } + } + $r->print('
'); + } else { + $r->print(''); + $r->print(' 'x5); + $r->print('

'.&mt('Please select a problem to analyze').'

'); + $r->print(&Apache::lonstathelpers::ProblemSelector + ($problem_types)); + } +} - my %cache; - unless(tie(%cache,'GDBM_File',$cacheDB,&GDBM_READER(),0640)) { - $r->print('Unable to tie database.'); + +######################################################### +######################################################### +## +## Numerical Response Routines +## +######################################################### +######################################################### +sub NumericalResponseAnalysis { + my ($r,$problem,$problem_data,$Students) = @_; + my $c = $r->connection(); + my ($resource,$partid,$respid) = ($problem->{'resource'}, + $problem->{'part'}, + $problem->{'respid'}); + # + if (scalar(@{$resource->{'parts'}})>1) { + if (@{$resource->{'partdata'}->{$partid}->{'ResponseIds'}}>1) { + $r->print('

'. + &mt('Part [_1], response [_2].',$partid,$respid). + '

'); + } else { + $r->print('

'. + &mt('Part [_1]',$partid,$respid). + '

'); + } + } elsif (@{$resource->{'partdata'}->{$partid}->{'ResponseIds'}}>1) { + $r->print('

'.&mt('Response [_1]',$respid).'

'); + } + # + my $analysis_html; + my $PerformanceData = &Apache::loncoursedata::get_response_data + (\@Apache::lonstatistics::SelectedSections, + $Apache::lonstatistics::enrollment_status, + $resource->{'symb'},$respid); + if (! defined($PerformanceData) || + ref($PerformanceData) ne 'ARRAY' ) { + $analysis_html = '

'. + &mt('There is no submission data for this resource'). + '

'; + $r->print($analysis_html); return; } + # + # This next call causes all the waiting around that people complain about + &Apache::lonstathelpers::GetStudentAnswers($r,$problem,$Students, + 'Statistics', + 'stats_status'); + return if ($c->aborted()); + # + # Collate the data + my %Data; + foreach my $student (@$Students) { + my $answer = $student->{'answer'}; + $Data{$answer}++; + } + my @Labels = sort {$a <=> $b } keys(%Data); + my @PlotData = @Data{@Labels}; + # + my $width = 500; + my $height = 100; + my $plot = &one_dimensional_plot($r,500,100,scalar(@$Students), + \@Labels,\@PlotData); + $r->print($plot); + return; +} - my $Ptr = ''; - $Ptr .= ''; - $Ptr .= ''."\n"; - $Ptr .= ''."\n"; - $Ptr .= ''."\n"; - $Ptr .= '
Select Sections'; - $Ptr .= ''."\n"; - my @sectionsSelected = split(':',$cache{'sectionsSelected'}); - my @sections = split(':',$cache{'sectionList'}); - $Ptr .= &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::MultipleSectionSelect(\@sections, - \@sectionsSelected, - 'Statistics'); - $Ptr .= '
Intervals'; - $Ptr .= &IntervalOptions($cache{'Interval'}); - $Ptr .= '

'; - $r->print($Ptr); - $r->rflush(); - $r->print(&OptionResponseTable($cache{'OptionResponses'}, \%cache, $r)); +sub one_dimensional_plot { + my ($r,$width,$height,$N,$Labels,$Data)=@_; + # + # Compute data -> image scaling factors + my $min = $Labels->[0]; + my $max = $Labels->[-1]; + if ($max == $min) { + $max =$min+1; + } + my $h_scale = ($width-10)/($max-$min); + # + my $max_y = 0; + foreach (@$Data) { + $max_y = $_ if ($max_y < $_); + } + my $ticscale = 5; + if ($max_y * $ticscale > $height/2) { + $ticscale = int($height/2/$max_y); + $ticscale = 1 if ($ticscale < 1); + } + # + # Create the plot + my $plot = + qq{}; + for (my $idx=0;$idx[$idx] - $min); + my $top = $height/2-$Data->[$idx]*$ticscale; + my $bottom = $height/2+$Data->[$idx]*$ticscale; + $plot .= + &line($xloc,$top,$xloc,$bottom,'888888',1); + } + # + # Put the scale on last to ensure it is on top of the data. + if ($min < 0 && $max > 0) { + my $circle_x = 5+$h_scale*abs($min); # '0' in data coordinates + my $r = 4; + $plot .= &line(5,$height/2,$circle_x-$r,$height/2,'000000',1); + $plot .= &circle($circle_x,$height/2,$r+1,'000000'); + $plot .= &line($circle_x+$r,$height/2,$width-5,$height/2,'000000',1); + } else { + $plot .= &line(5,$height/2,$width-5,$height/2,'000000',1); + } + $plot .= ''; + my $plotresult = &Apache::lonxml::xmlparse($r,'web',$plot); + + my $title = 'Distribution of correct answers'; + my $result = ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + '
'. + ''.$title.' (N='.$N.')'. + ''. + '
'.$min.''.$plotresult.''.$max.'
'. + 'Maximum Number of Coinciding Values: '.$max_y. + '
'; + return $result; +} - untie(%cache); +## +## Helper subroutines for . +## These should probably go somewhere more suitable soon. +sub line { + my ($x1,$y1,$x2,$y2,$color,$thickness) = @_; + return qq{$/}; +} - return; +sub text { + my ($x,$y,$color,$text,$font,$direction) = @_; + if (! defined($font) || $font !~ /^(tiny|small|medium|large|giant)$/) { + $font = 'medium'; + } + if (! defined($direction) || $direction ne 'vertical') { + $direction = ''; + } + return qq{$text}; } -sub BuildAnalyzePage { - my ($cacheDB, $students, $courseID,$r)=@_; +sub rectangle { + my ($x1,$y1,$x2,$y2,$color,$thickness,$filled) = @_; + return qq{}; +} - $jr = $r; - my $c = $r->connection; +sub arc { + my ($x,$y,$width,$height,$start,$end,$color,$thickness,$filled)=@_; + return qq{}; +} - my $Str = ''; - my %cache; +sub circle { + my ($x,$y,$radius,$color,$thickness,$filled)=@_; + return &arc($x,$y,$radius,$radius,0,360,$color,$thickness,$filled); +} - unless(tie(%cache,'GDBM_File',$cacheDB,&GDBM_READER(),0640)) { - $Str .= 'Unable to tie database.'; - $r->print($Str); - return; +sub build_student_data_worksheet { + my ($workbook,$format) = @_; + my $rows_output = 3; + my $cols_output = 0; + my $worksheet = $workbook->addworksheet('Student Data'); + $worksheet->write($rows_output++,0,'Student Data',$format->{'h3'}); + my @Headers = ('full name','username','domain','section', + "student\nnumber",'identifier'); + $worksheet->write_row($rows_output++,0,\@Headers,$format->{'header'}); + my @Students = @Apache::lonstatistics::Students; + my $studentrows = &Apache::loncoursedata::get_student_data(\@Students); + my %ids; + foreach my $row (@$studentrows) { + my ($mysqlid,$student) = @$row; + $ids{$student}=$mysqlid; + } + foreach my $student (@Students) { + my $name_domain = $student->{'username'}.':'.$student->{'domain'}; + $worksheet->write_row($rows_output++,0, + [$student->{'fullname'}, + $student->{'username'},$student->{'domain'}, + $student->{'section'},$student->{'id'}, + $ids{$name_domain}]); } + return $worksheet; +} - # Remove students who don't have the proper section. - my @sectionsSelected = split(':',$cache{'sectionsSelected'}); - - my $studentCount = scalar @$students; - for(my $studentIndex=$studentCount-1; $studentIndex>=0; - $studentIndex--) { - my $value = $cache{$students->[$studentIndex].':section'}; - my $found = 0; - foreach (@sectionsSelected) { - if($_ eq 'none') { - if($value eq '' || !defined($value) || $value eq ' ') { - $found = 1; - last; - } - } else { - if($value eq $_) { - $found = 1; - last; - } +######################################################### +######################################################### +## +## Radio Response Routines +## +######################################################### +######################################################### +sub radio_response_analysis { + my ($r,$problem,$problem_analysis,$students) = @_; + # + if ($ENV{'form.AnalyzeOver'} !~ /^(tries|time)$/) { + $r->print('Bad request'); + } + # + my ($resource,$partid,$respid) = ($problem->{'resource'}, + $problem->{'part'}, + $problem->{'respid'}); + # + my $analysis_html; + my $foildata = $problem_analysis->{'_Foils'}; + my ($table,$foils,$concepts) = &build_foil_index($problem_analysis); + # + my %true_foils; + my $num_true = 0; + if (! $problem_analysis->{'answercomputed'}) { + foreach my $foil (@$foils) { + if ($foildata->{$foil}->{'value'} eq 'true') { + $true_foils{$foil}++; } } - if($found == 0) { - splice(@$students, $studentIndex, 1); - } + $num_true = scalar(keys(%true_foils)); } - unless(untie(%cache)) { - $r->print('Can not untie hash.'); - $r->rflush(); + # + $analysis_html .= $table; + # Gather student data + my $response_data = &Apache::loncoursedata::get_response_data + (\@Apache::lonstatistics::SelectedSections, + $Apache::lonstatistics::enrollment_status, + $resource->{'symb'},$respid); + my $correct; # either a hash reference or a scalar + if ($problem_analysis->{'answercomputed'} || scalar(@$concepts) > 1) { + # This takes a while for large classes... + &Apache::lonstathelpers::GetStudentAnswers($r,$problem,$students, + 'Statistics', + 'stats_status'); + foreach my $student (@$students) { + my ($idx,@remainder) = split('&',$student->{'answer'}); + my ($answer) = ($remainder[$idx]=~/^(.*)=([^=]*)$/); + $correct->{$student->{'username'}.':'.$student->{'domain'}}= + &Apache::lonnet::unescape($answer); + } + } else { + foreach my $foil (keys(%$foildata)) { + if ($foildata->{$foil}->{'value'} eq 'true') { + $correct = $foildata->{$foil}->{'name'}; + } + } } - #if($status eq 'true') - { &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::Close_PrgWin($r); } - - -# my $error = -# &Apache::loncoursedata::DownloadStudentCourseDataSeparate($students, -# 'true', -# $cacheDB, -# 'true', -# 'true', -# $courseID, -# $r, $c); -# if($error ne 'OK') { -# $r->print($error.'
Error downloading course data
'); -# return; -# } - - - unless(tie(%cache,'GDBM_File',$cacheDB,&GDBM_READER(),0640)) { - $Str .= 'Unable to tie database.'; - $r->print($Str); + # + if (! defined($response_data) || ref($response_data) ne 'ARRAY' ) { + $analysis_html = '

'. + &mt('There is no submission data for this resource'). + '

'; + $r->print($analysis_html); return; } + # + $analysis_html.=''; + for (my $plot_num = 1;$plot_num<=$ENV{'form.NumPlots'};$plot_num++) { + # classify data ->correct foil -> selected foil + my ($restriction_function, + $correct_foil_title,$incorrect_foil_title, + $pre_graph_text,$post_graph_text, + $no_data_text,@extra_data); + if ($ENV{'form.AnalyzeOver'} eq 'tries') { + $restriction_function = sub {($_[0]->{'tries'} == $plot_num?1:0)}; + $correct_foil_title = 'Attempt '.$plot_num; + $incorrect_foil_title = 'Attempt '.$plot_num; + $pre_graph_text = + 'Attempt [_1], [_2] submissions, [_3] correct, [_4] incorrect'; + $post_graph_text = ''; + $no_data_text = 'No data exists for attempt [_1]'; + } elsif ($ENV{'form.AnalyzeOver'} eq 'time') { + my $starttime = &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::get_date_from_form + ('startdate_'.$plot_num); + my $endtime = &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::get_date_from_form + ('enddate_'.$plot_num); + ($starttime,$endtime) = &ensure_start_end_times + ($starttime,$endtime, + &get_time_from_row($response_data->[0]), + &get_time_from_row($response_data->[-1]), + $plot_num); + $pre_graph_text = + 'Data from [_5] to [_6], [_2] submissions, [_3] correct, [_4] incorrect'; + $extra_data[0] = &Apache::lonlocal::locallocaltime($starttime); + $extra_data[1] = &Apache::lonlocal::locallocaltime($endtime); + # + $post_graph_text = + &mt('Start time: [_1]', + &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::date_setter + ('Statistics','startdate_'.$plot_num,$starttime)). + '
'. + &mt('End time: [_1]', + &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::date_setter + ('Statistics','enddate_'.$plot_num,$endtime)); + $restriction_function = + sub { + my $t = $_[0]->{'timestamp'}; + if ($t >= $starttime && $t < $endtime) { + return 1; + } else { + return 0; + } + }; + $no_data_text = 'No data for [_5] to [_6]'; + } + my $foil_choice_data = + &RR_classify_response_data($response_data,$correct, + $restriction_function); + # &Apache::lonstathelpers::log_hash_ref($foil_choice_data); + my $answers; + if (ref($correct)) { + my %tmp; + foreach my $foil (values(%$correct)) { + $tmp{$foil}++; + } + $answers = [keys(%tmp)]; + } else { + $answers = [$correct]; + } + # Concept Plot + my $concept_plot = ''; + if (scalar(@$concepts) > 1) { + $concept_plot = &RR_concept_plot($concepts,$foil_choice_data, + 'Correct Concepts'); + } + # % Choosing plot + my $choice_plot = &RR_create_percent_selected_plot + ($concepts,$foils,$foil_choice_data,$correct_foil_title); + # for each correct foil, how did they mark it? (stacked bar graph) + my ($stacked_plot,$count_by_foil); + if ($problem_analysis->{'answercomputed'} || $num_true > 1) { + ($stacked_plot,$count_by_foil) = + &RR_create_stacked_selection_plot($foils,$foil_choice_data, + $incorrect_foil_title, + \%true_foils); + } + # + if ($concept_plot ne '' || + $choice_plot ne '' || + $stacked_plot ne '') { + my $correct = $foil_choice_data->{'_correct'}; + if (! defined($correct) || $correct eq '') { + $correct = 0; + } + my $incorrect = + $analysis_html.= ''.$/; + $analysis_html.= + ''. + ''. + ''; + if ($stacked_plot ne '') { + $analysis_html .= + ''. + ''; + } else { + $analysis_html .= (''x2); + } + $analysis_html.=''.$/; + if (defined($post_graph_text)) { + $analysis_html.= ''.$/; + } + } elsif ($no_data_text ne '') { + $analysis_html.=''.$/; + } + } # end of loop for plots + $analysis_html.='
'. + ''. + &mt($pre_graph_text, + $plot_num,$foil_choice_data->{'_count'}, + $correct, + $foil_choice_data->{'_count'}-$correct, + @extra_data). + '
'.$concept_plot.''.$choice_plot.''.$stacked_plot.''.&build_foil_key($foils,$count_by_foil).'
'. + $post_graph_text.'
'. + &mt($no_data_text, + $plot_num,$foil_choice_data->{'_count'}, + $correct, + $foil_choice_data->{'_count'}-$correct, + @extra_data); + if (defined($post_graph_text)) { + $analysis_html.='
'.$post_graph_text; + } + $analysis_html.='
'; + $r->print($analysis_html); +} - my ($problemId, $part, $responseId)=split(':',$cache{'AnalyzeInfo'}); - my $uri = $cache{$problemId.':source'}; - my $problem = $cache{$problemId.':problem'}; - my $title = $cache{$problemId.':title'}; - my $interval = $cache{'Interval'}; - -# my $title = 'LON-CAPA Statistics'; - my $heading = 'Restore this particular Option Response Problem '. - 'Results, Please wait...'; - - my %ConceptData; - $ConceptData{"Interval"} = $interval; - - #Initialize the option response true answers - my ($analyzeData) = &InitAnalysis($uri, $part, $responseId, $problem, - $students->[0], $courseID); - if(defined($analyzeData->{'error'})) { - $Str .= $analyzeData->{'error'}.'
Incorrect part requested.
'; - $r->print($Str); - return; +sub ensure_start_end_times { + my ($start,$end,$first,$last,$plot_num) = @_; + if (! defined($start) || ! defined($end)) { + my $sec_in_day = 86400; + my ($sday,$smon,$syear) = + (localtime($last - $sec_in_day*($plot_num-1)))[3..5]; + $start = &Time::Local::timelocal(0,0,0,$sday,$smon,$syear); + $end = $start + $sec_in_day; + if ($plot_num == $ENV{'form.NumPlots'}) { + $start = $first; + } } - - $r->print($Str); - $Str = ''; - if($c->aborted()) { untie(%cache); return; } - - #compute the intervals - &Interval($part, $problem, $interval, $analyzeData->{'concepts'}, - \%ConceptData); - - $title =~ s/\ /"_"/eg; - $Str .= '
'.$uri.''; - - $r->print($Str); - $Str = ''; - if($c->aborted()) { untie(%cache); return; } - - &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::Create_PrgWin($r, $title, $heading); - - my $count=0; - #Java script Progress window - for(my $index=0; $index<(scalar @$students); $index++) { - if($c->aborted()) { untie(%cache); return; } - $count++; - my $displayString = $count.'/'.$studentCount.': '.$_; - &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::Update_PrgWin($displayString, $r); - &OpStatus($problemId, $students->[$index], \%ConceptData, - $analyzeData->{'foil_to_concept'}, $analyzeData, - \%cache, $courseID); - } - &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::Close_PrgWin($r); - - $Str .= '
'; - for (my $k=0; $k<$interval; $k++ ) { - if($c->aborted()) { untie(%cache); return $Str; } - $Str .= &DrawGraph($k, $title, $analyzeData->{'concepts'}, - \%ConceptData); - $r->print($Str); - $Str = ''; - } - for (my $k=0; $k<$interval; $k++ ) { - if($c->aborted()) { untie(%cache); return $Str; } - $Str .= &DrawTable($k, $analyzeData->{'concepts'}, \%ConceptData); - $r->print($Str); - $Str = ''; - } - my $Answ=&Apache::lonnet::ssi($uri); - $Str .= '
Here you can see the Problem:
'.$Answ; - $Str .= '
'; - $r->print($Str); - - untie(%cache); - - return; + return ($start,$end); } -#---- Problem Analysis Web Page ---------------------------------------------- - -sub IntervalOptions { - my ($selectedInterval)=@_; - - my $interval = 1; - for(my $n=1; $n<=7; $n++) { - if($selectedInterval == $n) { - $interval = $n; +sub RR_concept_plot { + my ($concepts,$foil_data,$title) = @_; + # + my %correct_by_concept; + my %incorrect_by_concept; + my %true; + foreach my $concept (@$concepts) { + foreach my $foil (@{$concept->{'foils'}}) { + next if (! exists($foil_data->{$foil})); + foreach my $choice (keys(%{$foil_data->{$foil}})) { + if ($choice eq $foil) { + $correct_by_concept{$concept->{'name'}} += + $foil_data->{$foil}->{$choice}; + } else { + $incorrect_by_concept{$concept->{'name'}} += + $foil_data->{$foil}->{$choice}; + + } + } } } + # + # need arrays for incorrect and correct because we want to use different + # colors for them + my @correct; + # + my $total =0; + for (my $i=0;$i[$i]; + $correct[$i] = $correct_by_concept{$concept->{'name'}}; + $total += $correct_by_concept{$concept->{'name'}}+ + $incorrect_by_concept{$concept->{'name'}}; + } + if ($total == 0) { return ''; }; + for (my $i=0;$i<=$#correct;$i++) { + $correct[$i] = sprintf('%0f',$correct[$i]/$total*100); + } + my $xlabel = 'concept'; + my $plot= &Apache::loncommon::DrawBarGraph($title, + $xlabel, + 'Percent Choosing', + 100, + ['#33ff00','#ff3300'], + undef, + \@correct); + return $plot; +} - my $Ptr = ''."\n"; - - return $Ptr; + # + # need arrays for incorrect and correct because we want to use different + # colors for them + my @correct; + my @incorrect; + # + my $total = $foil_data->{'_count'}; + for (my $i=0;$i[$i]; + $correct[$i] = $correct_selections{$foil}; + $incorrect[$i] = $incorrect_selections{$foil}; + } + for (my $i=0;$i<=$#correct;$i++) { + $correct[$i] = sprintf('%2f',$correct[$i]/$total*100); + } + for (my $i=0;$i<=$#incorrect;$i++) { + $incorrect[$i] = sprintf('%2f',$incorrect[$i]/$total*100); + } + # + # Put a blank in the data sets between concepts, if there are concepts + my @labels; + if (defined($concepts) && scalar(@$concepts) > 1) { + my @new_correct; + my @new_incorrect; + my $foil_count = 0; + foreach my $concept (@$concepts) { + foreach (@{$concept->{'foils'}}) { + push(@new_correct, $correct[$foil_count]); + push(@new_incorrect,$incorrect[$foil_count]); + push(@labels,++$foil_count); + } + push(@new_correct,''); + push(@new_incorrect,''); + push(@labels,''); + } + @correct = @new_correct; + @incorrect = @new_incorrect; + } else { + @labels = (1 .. scalar(@correct)); + } + # + my $xlabel = 'foil chosen'; + my $plot= &Apache::loncommon::DrawBarGraph($title, + $xlabel, + 'Percent Choosing', + 100, + ['#33ff00','#ff3300'], + \@labels, + \@correct, + \@incorrect); + return $plot; } -sub OptionResponseTable { - my ($optionResponses,$cache,$r)=@_; - - my @optionResponses=split(':::', $optionResponses); - my %partCount; - my %sequences; - my @orderedSequences=(); - foreach(@optionResponses) { - my ($sequence, $problemId, $part, undef)=split(':',$_); - $partCount{$problemId.':'.$part}++; - if(!defined($sequences{$sequence})) { - push(@orderedSequences, $sequence); - $sequences{$sequence} = $_; +sub RR_create_stacked_selection_plot { + my ($foils,$foil_data,$title,$true_foils)=@_; + # + my @dataset; # array of array refs - multicolor rows $datasets[row]->[col] + my @labels; + my $count; + my %column; # maps foil name to column in @datasets + for (my $i=0;$i[$i]; + if (defined($true_foils) && scalar(keys(%$true_foils)) > 0 ) { + next if (! $true_foils->{$foil} ); + push(@labels,$i+1); } else { - $sequences{$sequence} .= ':::'.$_; + next if (! exists($foil_data->{$foil})); + push(@labels,$i+1); } + next if (! exists($foil_data->{$foils->[$i]})); + $column{$foil}= $count++; + for (my $j=0;$j{$foil}->{$foils->[$j]}; + } + $dataset[$j]->[$column{$foil}]=$value; + } + } + # + return '' if (! scalar(keys(%column))); + # + my $grand_total = 0; + my %count_per_foil; + while (my ($foil,$bar) = each (%column)) { + my $bar_total = 0; + for (my $j=0;$j[$bar]; + } + next if ($bar_total == 0); + for (my $j=0;$j[$bar] = + sprintf('%2f',$dataset[$j]->[$bar]/$bar_total * 100); + } + $count_per_foil{$foil}=' ( '.$bar_total.' )'; + $grand_total += $bar_total; + } + if ($grand_total == 0) { + return ('',undef); } + my @empty_row = (); + foreach (@{$dataset[0]}) { + push(@empty_row,0); + } + # + my $graph = &Apache::loncommon::DrawBarGraph + ($title,'Correct Foil','foils chosen Incorrectly', + 100,$plotcolors,\@labels,\@empty_row,@dataset); + return ($graph,\%count_per_foil); +} - my $Str = ''; +# if $correct is a hash ref, it is assumed to be indexed by student names. +# the values are assumed to be hash refs with a key of 'answer'. +sub RR_classify_response_data { + my ($full_row_data,$correct,$function) = @_; + my %submission_data; + foreach my $row (@$full_row_data) { + my %subm = &hashify_attempt($row); + if (ref($correct) eq 'HASH') { + $subm{'correct'} = $correct->{$subm{'student'}}; + } else { + $subm{'correct'} = $correct; + } + $subm{'submission'} =~ s/=\d+\s*$//; + if (&$function(\%subm)) { + $submission_data{'_count'}++; + if (&submission_is_correct($subm{'award'})) { + $submission_data{'_correct'}++; + } + $submission_data{$subm{'correct'}}->{$subm{'submission'}}++; + } + } + return \%submission_data; +} - foreach my $sequence (@orderedSequences) { - my @optionProblems = split(':::', $sequences{$sequence}); - $Str .= ''.$cache->{$sequence.':title'}.''."\n"; - $Str .= ""; - $Str .= ''."\n"; - - my $count = 1; - foreach(@optionProblems) { - my (undef, $problemId, $part, $response)= - split(':',$optionProblems[$count-1]); -# split(':',$sequences{$sequence}); - my $uri = $cache->{$problemId.':source'}; - my $title = $cache->{$problemId.':title'}; - - my $Temp = ''.$title.''; - $Str .= ''; - $Str .= ''; - $Str .= ''; - $Str .= ''; - if($partCount{$problemId.':'.$part} < 2) { - $Str .= ''."\n"; +######################################################### +######################################################### +## +## Option Response Routines +## +######################################################### +######################################################### +sub OptionResponseAnalysis { + my ($r,$problem,$problem_data,$Students) = @_; + my ($resource,$respid) = ($problem->{'resource'}, + $problem->{'respid'}); + # Note: part data is not needed. + my $PerformanceData = &Apache::loncoursedata::get_response_data + (\@Apache::lonstatistics::SelectedSections, + $Apache::lonstatistics::enrollment_status, + $resource->{'symb'},$respid); + if (! defined($PerformanceData) || + ref($PerformanceData) ne 'ARRAY' ) { + $r->print('

'. + &mt('There is no student data for this problem.'). + '

'); + } else { + $r->rflush(); + if (exists($ENV{'form.ExcelOutput'})) { + my $result = &OR_excel_sheet($r,$resource, + $PerformanceData, + $problem_data); + $r->print($result); + $r->rflush(); + } else { + if ($ENV{'form.AnalyzeOver'} eq 'tries') { + my $analysis_html = &OR_tries_analysis($r, + $PerformanceData, + $problem_data); + $r->print($analysis_html); + $r->rflush(); + } elsif ($ENV{'form.AnalyzeOver'} eq 'time') { + my $analysis_html = &OR_time_analysis($PerformanceData, + $problem_data); + $r->print($analysis_html); + $r->rflush(); } else { - my $value = $problemId.':'.$part.':'.$response; - $Str .= ''."\n"; + $r->print('

'. + &mt('The analysis you have selected is '. + 'not supported at this time'). + '

'); } - $count++; } - $Str .= '
\# Problem Title Resource Analysis
'.$count.' '.$Temp.''.$uri.'

'."\n"; } - - return $Str; } -#---- END Problem Analysis Web Page ------------------------------------------ - -#---- Analyze Web Page ------------------------------------------------------- - -#restore the student submissions and finding the result -=pod -sub OpStatus { - my ($problemID, $student, $ConceptData, $foil_to_concept, - $analyzeData, $cache)=@_; - - my $ids = $analyzeData->{'parts'}; - - my @True = (); - my @False = (); - my $flag=0; - - my $tries=0; - - foreach my $id (@$ids) { - my ($part, $response) = split(/\./, $id); - my $time=$cache->{$student.':'.$problemID.':'.$part.':timestamp'}; - my @submissions = split(':::', $cache->{$student.':'.$problemID.':'. - $part.':'.$response. - ':submission'}); - foreach my $Resp (@submissions) { - my %submission=&Apache::lonnet::str2hash($Resp); - foreach (keys(%submission)) { - if($submission{$_}) { - my $answer = $analyzeData->{$id.'.foil.value.'.$_}; - if($submission{$_} eq $answer) { - &Decide("true", $foil_to_concept->{$_}, - $time, $ConceptData); +######################################################### +# +# Option Response: tries Analysis +# +######################################################### +sub OR_tries_analysis { + my ($r,$PerformanceData,$ORdata) = @_; + my $mintries = 1; + my $maxtries = $ENV{'form.NumPlots'}; + my ($table,$Foils,$Concepts) = &build_foil_index($ORdata); + my %response_data = &OR_analyze_by_tries($r,$PerformanceData, + $mintries,$maxtries); + my $analysis = ''; + # + # Compute the data necessary to make the plots + my @foil_plot; + my @concept_data; + for (my $j=0;$j<=scalar(@$Concepts);$j++) { + my $concept = $Concepts->[$j]; + foreach my $foilid (@{$concept->{'foils'}}) { + for (my $try=$mintries;$try<=$maxtries;$try++) { + # concept analysis data + $concept_data[$j]->[$try]->{'_correct'} += + $response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_correct'}; + $concept_data[$j]->[$try]->{'_total'} += + $response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_total'}; + # + # foil analysis data + if ($response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_total'} == 0) { + push(@{$foil_plot[$try]->{'_correct'}},0); + } else { + push(@{$foil_plot[$try]->{'_correct'}}, + 100*$response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_correct'}/ + $response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_total'}); + } + foreach my $option (@{$ORdata->{'_Options'}}) { + push(@{$foil_plot[$try]->{'_total'}}, + $response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_total'}); + if ($response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_total'} == 0) { + push (@{$foil_plot[$try]->{$option}},0); } else { - &Decide("false", $foil_to_concept->{$_}, - $time, $ConceptData); + if ($response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_total'} == + $response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_correct'}) { + push(@{$foil_plot[$try]->{$option}},0); + } else { + push (@{$foil_plot[$try]->{$option}}, + 100 * + $response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{$option} / + ($response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_total'} + - + $response_data{$foilid}->[$try]->{'_correct'} + )); + } } + } # End of foreach my $option + } + } # End of foreach my $foilid + } # End of concept loops + # + # Build a table for the plots + my $analysis_html = "
\n"; + my $optionkey = &build_option_index($ORdata); + my $num_concepts = 1; + if (defined($Concepts)) { $num_concepts = scalar(@$Concepts); } + # + for (my $try=$mintries;$try<=$maxtries;$try++) { + if (! defined($response_data{'_total'}->[$try]) || + $response_data{'_total'}->[$try] == 0) { + if ($try > 1) { + $analysis_html.= ''; + } else { + $analysis_html.= ''; + } + last; + } + my $concept_graph=''; + if ($num_concepts > 1) { + # + # Create concept plot + my @concept_plot_data; + for (my $j=0;$j<=$#concept_data;$j++) { + my $total = $concept_data[$j]->[$try]->{'_total'}; + if ($total == 0) { + $concept_plot_data[$j] = 0; + } else { + $concept_plot_data[$j] = 100 * + sprintf('%0.3f', + $concept_data[$j]->[$try]->{'_correct'} / + $total); } } + # + $concept_graph = &Apache::loncommon::DrawBarGraph + ('Correct Concepts','Concept Number','Percent Correct', + 100,$plotcolors,undef,\@concept_plot_data); + } + # + # Create Foil Plots + my $data_count = $response_data{'_total'}->[$try]; + my $correct = $response_data{'_correct'}->[$try]; + my @Datasets; + foreach my $option ('_correct',@{$ORdata->{'_Options'}}) { + next if (! exists($foil_plot[$try]->{$option})); + push(@Datasets,$foil_plot[$try]->{$option}); + } + # + # Put a blank in the data set between concepts + for (my $set =0;$set<=$#Datasets;$set++) { + my @Data = @{$Datasets[$set]}; + my $idx = 0; + foreach my $concept (@{$Concepts}) { + foreach my $foilid (@{$concept->{'foils'}}) { + $Datasets[$set]->[$idx++]=shift(@Data); + } + if ($concept->{'name'} ne $Concepts->[-1]->{'name'}) { + $Datasets[$set]->[$idx++] = 0; + } + } + } + # + # Set up the labels needed for the bar graph + my @Labels; + my $idx = 1; + foreach my $concept (@{$Concepts}) { + foreach my $foilid (@{$concept->{'foils'}}) { + push(@Labels,$idx++); + } + push(@Labels,''); + } + # + my $correct_graph = &Apache::loncommon::DrawBarGraph + ('Correct Statements','Statement','% Answered Correct', + 100,$plotcolors,\@Labels,$Datasets[0]); + + # + # + next if (! defined($Datasets[0])); + for (my $i=0; $i< scalar(@{$Datasets[0]});$i++) { + $Datasets[0]->[$i]=0; + } + my $count = $response_data{'_total'}->[$try] - + $response_data{'_correct'}->[$try]; + my $incorrect_graph = &Apache::loncommon::DrawBarGraph + ('Incorrect Statements','Statement','% Chosen Incorrectly', + 100,$plotcolors,\@Labels,@Datasets); + $analysis_html.= + ''.$/. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''.$/; + } + $analysis_html .= "
'. + &mt('None of the selected students attempted the problem more than [_1] times.',$try-1). + '
'. + &mt('None of the selected students have attempted the problem').'
'. + ''. + &mt('Attempt [_1], [_2] submissions, [_3] correct, [_4] incorrect', + $try,$data_count,$correct,$data_count-$correct). + ''.'
'.$concept_graph.''.$correct_graph.''.$incorrect_graph.''.$optionkey.''. + '
\n"; + $table .= $analysis_html; + return $table; +} + +sub OR_analyze_by_tries { + my ($r,$PerformanceData,$mintries,$maxtries) = @_; + my %Trydata; + $mintries = 1 if (! defined($mintries) || $mintries < 1); + $maxtries = $mintries if (! defined($maxtries) || $maxtries < $mintries); + my @students; + foreach my $row (@$PerformanceData) { + next if (! defined($row)); + my $tries = &get_tries_from_row($row); + my %Row = &Process_OR_Row($row); + next if (! %Row); + my $student_id = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_student_id()]; + $students[$tries]->{$student_id}++; + while (my ($foilid,$href) = each(%Row)) { + if (! ref($href)) { + $Trydata{$foilid}->[$tries] += $href; + next; + } + while (my ($option,$value) = each(%$href)) { + $Trydata{$foilid}->[$tries]->{$option}+=$value; + } } } + for (my $try=$mintries;$try<=$maxtries;$try++) { + $Trydata{'_studentcount'}->[$try] = scalar(keys(%{$students[$try]})); + } + return %Trydata; +} - return; +######################################################### +# +# Option Response: Time Analysis +# +######################################################### +sub OR_time_analysis { + my ($performance_data,$ORdata) = @_; + my ($table,$Foils,$Concepts) = &build_foil_index($ORdata); + my $foilkey = &build_option_index($ORdata); + my $num_concepts = 1; + if (defined($Concepts)) { $num_concepts = scalar(@$Concepts); } + # + if ($num_concepts < 2) { + $table = '

'. + &mt('Not enough data for concept analysis. '. + 'Performing Foil Analysis'). + '

'.$table; + } + # + my $num_plots = $ENV{'form.NumPlots'}; + my $num_data = scalar(@$performance_data)-1; + # + my $current_index; + $table .= "\n"; + for (my $i=0;$i<$num_plots;$i++) { + ## + my $starttime = &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::get_date_from_form + ('startdate_'.$i); + my $endtime = &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::get_date_from_form + ('enddate_'.$i); + if (! defined($starttime) || ! defined($endtime)) { + my $sec_in_day = 86400; + my $last_sub_time = &get_time_from_row($performance_data->[-1]); + my ($sday,$smon,$syear) = + (localtime($last_sub_time - $sec_in_day*$i))[3..5]; + $starttime = &Time::Local::timelocal(0,0,0,$sday,$smon,$syear); + $endtime = $starttime + $sec_in_day; + if ($i == ($num_plots -1 )) { + $starttime = &get_time_from_row($performance_data->[0]); + } + } + $table .= ''.$/; + my $startdateform = &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::date_setter + ('Statistics','startdate_'.$i,$starttime); + my $enddateform = &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::date_setter + ('Statistics','enddate_'.$i,$endtime); + # + my $begin_index; + my $end_index; + my $j; + while (++$j < scalar(@$performance_data)) { + last if (&get_time_from_row($performance_data->[$j]) + > $starttime); + } + $begin_index = $j; + while ($j < scalar(@$performance_data)) { + if (&get_time_from_row($performance_data->[$j]) > $endtime) { + last; + } else { + $j++; + } + } + $end_index = $j; + ## + my ($processed_time_data,$correct,$data_count,$student_count) = + &OR_time_process_data($performance_data,$begin_index,$end_index); + ## + $table .= ''.$/; + my $concept_correct_plot = ''; + if ($num_concepts > 1) { + $concept_correct_plot = + &OR_Concept_Time_Analysis($processed_time_data, + $correct,$data_count,$student_count, + $ORdata,$Concepts); + } + my ($foil_correct_plot,$foil_incorrect_plot) = + &OR_Foil_Time_Analysis($processed_time_data, + $correct,$data_count,$student_count, + $ORdata,$Foils,$Concepts); + $table .= ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''.$/; + $table .= ''.$/; + $table.= ''.$/; + } + $table .= '
'. + &mt('Data from [_1] to [_2]', + &Apache::lonlocal::locallocaltime($starttime), + &Apache::lonlocal::locallocaltime($endtime)). + '
'. + &mt('[_1] submissions from [_2] students submitting, [_3] correct, [_4] incorrect', + $data_count,$student_count,$correct,$data_count-$correct). + '
'.$concept_correct_plot.''.$foil_correct_plot.''.$foil_incorrect_plot.''.$foilkey.'
'. + &mt('Start time: [_1]',$startdateform).'
'. + &mt('End time: [_1]',$enddateform).'
 
'; + # + return $table; } -=cut -sub OpStatus { - my ($problemID, $student, $ConceptData, $foil_to_concept, - $analyzeData, $cache, $courseID)=@_; - - my $ids = $analyzeData->{'parts'}; - my ($uname,$udom)=split(/\:/,$student); - my $symb = $cache->{$problemID.':problem'}; - - my @True = (); - my @False = (); - my $flag=0; - my $tries=0; - -# $jr->print("
ID= $problemID
student= $student
prob= $symb
"); - - foreach my $id (@$ids) { - my ($part, $response) = split(/\./, $id); -#=pod - my %reshash=&Apache::lonnet::restore($symb,$courseID,$udom,$uname); - if ($reshash{'version'}) { - my $tries=0; - #&Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%$analyzeData); - for (my $version=1;$version<=$reshash{'version'};$version++) { - my $time=$reshash{"$version:timestamp"}; - - foreach my $key (sort(split(/\:/,$reshash{$version.':keys'}))) { - if (($key=~/\.(\w+)\.(\w+)\.submission$/)) { - my $Id1 = $1; my $Id2 = $2; - #check if this is a repeat submission, if so skip it - if ($reshash{"$version:resource.$Id1.previous"}) { next; } - #if no solved this wasn't a real submission, ignore it - if (!defined($reshash{"$version:resource.$Id1.solved"})) { - &Apache::lonxml::debug("skipping "); - next; - } - my $Resp = $reshash{"$version:$key"}; - my %submission=&Apache::lonnet::str2hash($Resp); - foreach (keys %submission) { - my $Ansr = $analyzeData->{"$Id1.$Id2.foil.value.$_"}; - if($submission{$_} eq $Ansr) { - &Decide("true", $foil_to_concept->{$_}, - $time, $ConceptData); - } else { - &Decide("false", $foil_to_concept->{$_}, - $time, $ConceptData); - } - } - } - } - } - } -#=cut -=pod - my $time=$cache->{$student.':'.$problemID.':'.$part.':timestamp'}; - my @submissions = split(':::', $cache->{$student.':'.$problemID.':'. - $part.':'.$response. - ':submission'}); - foreach my $Resp (@submissions) { - my %submission=&Apache::lonnet::str2hash($Resp); - foreach (keys(%submission)) { - if($submission{$_}) { - my $answer = $analyzeData->{$id.'.foil.value.'.$_}; - if($submission{$_} eq $answer) { - &Decide("true", $foil_to_concept->{$_}, - $time, $ConceptData); - } else { - &Decide("false", $foil_to_concept->{$_}, - $time, $ConceptData); - } +sub OR_Foil_Time_Analysis { + my ($processed_time_data,$correct,$data_count,$student_count, + $ORdata,$Foils,$Concepts) = @_; + if ($data_count <= 0) { + return ('

'.&mt('There is no data to plot').'

',''); + } + my $analysis_html; + my @plotdata; + my @labels; + foreach my $concept (@{$Concepts}) { + foreach my $foil (@{$concept->{'foils'}}) { + push(@labels,scalar(@labels)+1); + my $total = $processed_time_data->{$foil}->{'_total'}; + if ($total == 0) { + push(@{$plotdata[0]},0); + } else { + push(@{$plotdata[0]}, + 100 * $processed_time_data->{$foil}->{'_correct'} / $total); + } + my $total_incorrect = $total - $processed_time_data->{$foil}->{'_correct'}; + for (my $i=0;$i{'_Options'}});$i++) { + my $option = $ORdata->{'_Options'}->[$i]; + if ($total_incorrect == 0) { + push(@{$plotdata[$i+1]},0); + } else { + push(@{$plotdata[$i+1]}, + 100 * $processed_time_data->{$foil}->{$option} / $total_incorrect); } } } -=cut + # Put in a blank one + push(@labels,''); + push(@{$plotdata[0]},0); + for (my $i=0;$i{'_Options'}});$i++) { + push(@{$plotdata[$i+1]},0); + } } - - return; + # + # Create the plot + my $correct_plot = &Apache::loncommon::DrawBarGraph('Correct Statements', + 'Statement Number', + 'Percent Correct', + 100, + $plotcolors, + undef, + $plotdata[0]); + for (my $j=0; $j< scalar(@{$plotdata[0]});$j++) { + $plotdata[0]->[$j]=0; + } + my $incorrect_plot = + &Apache::loncommon::DrawBarGraph('Incorrect Statements', + 'Statement Number', + 'Incorrect Option Choice', + 100, + $plotcolors, + undef, + @plotdata); + return ($correct_plot,$incorrect_plot); } -=pod -sub OpStatus { - my ($rid,$student,$ConceptData,$foil_to_concept,$analyzeData,$cache)=@_; - my ($uname,$udom)=split(/\:/,$student); - my $code='U'; - $rid=~/(\d+)\.(\d+)/; - my $symb=&Apache::lonnet::declutter($hash{'map_id_'.$1}).'___'.$2.'___'. - &Apache::lonnet::declutter($hash{'src_'.$rid}); - my %reshash=&Apache::lonnet::restore($symb,$cid,$udom,$uname); - my @True = (); - my @False = (); - my $flag=0; - if ($reshash{'version'}) { - my $tries=0; - &Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%Answer); - for (my $version=1;$version<=$reshash{'version'};$version++) { - my $time=$reshash{"$version:timestamp"}; - - foreach my $key (sort(split(/\:/,$reshash{$version.':keys'}))) { - if (($key=~/\.(\w+)\.(\w+)\.submission$/)) { - my $Id1 = $1; my $Id2 = $2; - #check if this is a repeat submission, if so skip it - if ($reshash{"$version:resource.$Id1.previous"}) { next; } - #if no solved this wasn't a real submission, ignore it - if (!defined($reshash{"$version:resource.$Id1.solved"})) { - &Apache::lonxml::debug("skipping "); - next; - } - my $Resp = $reshash{"$version:$key"}; - my %submission=&Apache::lonnet::str2hash($Resp); - foreach (keys %submission) { - my $Ansr = $Answer{"$Id1.$Id2.foil.value.$_"}; - if ($submission{$_}) { - if ($submission{$_} eq $Ansr) { - &Decide("true",$_,$time ); - } - else {&Decide("false",$_,$time );} - } - } - } - } - } - } -} -=cut - -sub DrawGraph { - my ($k,$Src,$Concepts,$ConceptData)=@_; - my $Max=0; - my @data1; - my @data2; - - # Adjust Data and find the Max - for (my $n=0; $n<(scalar @$Concepts); $n++ ) { - my $tmp=$Concepts->[$n]; - $data1[$n]=$ConceptData->{$tmp.'.'.$k.'.true'}; - $data2[$n]=$ConceptData->{$tmp.'.'.$k.'.false'}; - my $Sum=$data1[$n]+$data2[$n]; - if($Max < $Sum) { - $Max=$Sum; - } - } - for (my $n=0; $n<(scalar @$Concepts); $n++ ) { - if ($data1[$n]+$data2[$n]<$Max) { - $data2[$n]+=$Max-($data1[$n]+$data2[$n]); - } - } - my $P_No = (scalar @data1); - - if($Max > 1) { - $Max += (10 - $Max % 10); - $Max = int($Max); - } else { - $Max = 1; +sub OR_Concept_Time_Analysis { + my ($processed_time_data,$correct,$data_count,$student_count, + $ORdata,$Concepts) = @_; + return '' if ($data_count == 0); + # + # Put the data in plottable form + my @plotdata; + foreach my $concept (@$Concepts) { + my ($total,$correct); + foreach my $foil (@{$concept->{'foils'}}) { + $total += $processed_time_data->{$foil}->{'_total'}; + $correct += $processed_time_data->{$foil}->{'_correct'}; + } + if ($total == 0) { + push(@plotdata,0); + } else { + push(@plotdata,100 * $correct / $total); + } } + # + # Create the plot + return &Apache::loncommon::DrawBarGraph('Correct Concepts', + 'Concept Number', + 'Percent Correct', + 100, + $plotcolors, + undef, + \@plotdata); +} - my $Titr=($ConceptData->{'Interval'}>1) ? $Src.'_interval_'.($k+1) : $Src; -# $GData=$Titr.'&Concepts'.'&'.'Answers'.'&'.$Max.'&'.$P_No.'&'.$data1.'&'.$data2; - my $GData = ''; - $GData = $Titr.'&Concepts&Answers&'.$Max.'&'.$P_No.'&'; - $GData .= (join(',',@data1)).'&'.(join(',',@data2)); - - return ''; -} - -sub DrawTable { - my ($k,$Concepts,$ConceptData)=@_; - my $Max=0; - my @data1; - my @data2; - my $Correct=0; - my $Wrong=0; - for(my $n=0; $n<(scalar @$Concepts); $n++ ) { - my $tmp=$Concepts->[$n]; - $data1[$n]=$ConceptData->{$tmp.'.'.$k.'.true'}; - $Correct+=$data1[$n]; - $data2[$n]=$ConceptData->{$tmp.'.'.$k.'.false'}; - $Wrong+=$data2[$n]; - my $Sum=$data1[$n]+$data2[$n]; - if($Max < $Sum) { - $Max=$Sum; - } - } - for(my $n=0; $n<(scalar @$Concepts); $n++ ) { - if ($data1[$n]+$data2[$n]<$Max) { - $data2[$n]+=$Max-($data1[$n]+$data2[$n]); - } +sub OR_time_process_data { + my ($performance_data,$begin_index,$end_index)=@_; + my %processed_time_data; + my %distinct_students; + my ($correct,$data_count); + if (($begin_index == $end_index) && + ($end_index != scalar(@$performance_data)-1)) { + return undef; + } + # Be sure we include the last one if we are asked for it. + # That we have to correct here (and not when $end_index is + # given a value) should probably be considered a bug. + if ($end_index == scalar(@$performance_data)-1) { + $end_index++; + } + my $count; + for (my $i=$begin_index;$i<$end_index;$i++) { + my $attempt = $performance_data->[$i]; + $count++; + next if (! defined($attempt)); + my %attempt = &Process_OR_Row($attempt); + $data_count++; + $correct += $attempt{'_correct'}; + $distinct_students{$attempt->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_student_id()]}++; + while (my ($foilid,$href) = each(%attempt)) { + if (! ref($href)) { + $processed_time_data{$foilid} += $href; + next; + } + while (my ($option,$value) = each(%$href)) { + $processed_time_data{$foilid}->{$option}+=$value; + } + } } - my $P_No = (scalar @data1); - my $Str = ''; -# $Str .= '
From: ['.localtime($ConceptData->{'Int.'.($k-1)}); -# $Str .= '] To: ['.localtime($ConceptData->{"Int.$k"}).']'; - $Str .= "\n".''. - "\n".''. - "\n".''. - "\n".''. - "\n".''. - "\n".''. - "\n".''; - - for(my $n=0; $n<(scalar @$Concepts); $n++ ) { - $Str .= ''."\n"; - $Str .= ''."\n"; - my ($currentConcept) = split('::',$Concepts->[$n]); - $Str .= ''."\n"; - $Str .= ''."\n"; - $Str .= ''."\n"; - $Str .= ''."\n"; - } - $Str .= ''; - $Str .= '
# Concept Correct Wrong
'.($n+1).''.$currentConcept; - $Str .= ''.$data1[$n].''.$data2[$n].'
From:['.localtime($ConceptData->{'Int.'.$k}); - $Str .= '] To: ['.localtime($ConceptData->{'Int.'.($k+1)}-1); - $Str .= ']'.$Correct.''.$Wrong.'
'."\n"; + return (\%processed_time_data,$correct,$data_count, + scalar(keys(%distinct_students))); +} - return $Str; -#$Apache::lonxml::debug=1; -#&Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%ConceptData); -#$Apache::lonxml::debug=0; -} - -#---- END Analyze Web Page ---------------------------------------------- - -sub Decide { - #deciding the true or false answer belongs to each interval - my ($type,$concept,$time,$ConceptData)=@_; - my $k=0; - while($time > $ConceptData->{'Int.'.($k+1)} && - $k < $ConceptData->{'Interval'}) { - $k++; +######################################################### +######################################################### +## +## Excel output +## +######################################################### +######################################################### +sub OR_excel_sheet { + my ($r,$resource,$performance_data,$ORdata) = @_; + my $response = ''; + my (undef,$Foils,$Concepts) = &build_foil_index($ORdata); + # + # Create excel worksheet + my $filename = '/prtspool/'. + $ENV{'user.name'}.'_'.$ENV{'user.domain'}.'_'. + time.'_'.rand(1000000000).'.xls'; + my $workbook = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new('/home/httpd'.$filename); + if (! defined($workbook)) { + $r->log_error("Error creating excel spreadsheet $filename: $!"); + $r->print('

'.&mt("Unable to create new Excel file. ". + "This error has been logged. ". + "Please alert your LON-CAPA administrator"). + '

'); + return undef; + } + # + $workbook->set_tempdir('/home/httpd/perl/tmp'); + my $format = &Apache::loncommon::define_excel_formats($workbook); + # + # Create and populate main worksheets + my $problem_data_sheet = $workbook->addworksheet('Problem Data'); + my $student_data_sheet = &build_student_data_worksheet($workbook,$format); + my $response_data_sheet = $workbook->addworksheet('Response Data'); + foreach my $sheet ($problem_data_sheet,$student_data_sheet, + $response_data_sheet) { + $sheet->write(0,0,$resource->{'title'},$format->{'h2'}); + $sheet->write(1,0,$resource->{'src'},$format->{'h3'}); + } + # + my $result; + $result = &OR_build_problem_data_worksheet($problem_data_sheet,$format, + $Concepts,$ORdata); + if ($result ne 'okay') { + # Do something useful + } + $result = &OR_build_response_data_worksheet($response_data_sheet,$format, + $performance_data,$Foils, + $ORdata); + if ($result ne 'okay') { + # Do something useful + } + $response_data_sheet->activate(); + # + # Close the excel file + $workbook->close(); + # + # Write a link to allow them to download it + $result .= '

'.&mt('Excel Raw Data Output').'

'. + '

'. + &mt('Your Excel spreadsheet.'). + '

'."\n"; + return $result; +} + +sub OR_build_problem_data_worksheet { + my ($worksheet,$format,$Concepts,$ORdata) = @_; + my $rows_output = 3; + my $cols_output = 0; + $worksheet->write($rows_output++,0,'Problem Structure',$format->{'h3'}); + ## + ## + my @Headers; + if (@$Concepts > 1) { + @Headers = ("Concept\nNumber",'Concept',"Foil\nNumber", + 'Foil Name','Foil Text','Correct value'); + } else { + @Headers = ('Foil Number','FoilName','Foil Text','Correct value'); } - $ConceptData->{$concept.'.'.$k.'.'.$type}++; + $worksheet->write_row($rows_output++,0,\@Headers,$format->{'header'}); + my %Foildata = %{$ORdata->{'_Foils'}}; + my $conceptindex = 1; + my $foilindex = 1; + foreach my $concept (@$Concepts) { + my @FoilsInConcept = @{$concept->{'foils'}}; + my $firstfoil = shift(@FoilsInConcept); + if (@$Concepts > 1) { + $worksheet->write_row($rows_output++,0, + [$conceptindex, + $concept->{'name'}, + $foilindex++, + $Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'name'}, + $Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'text'}, + $Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'value'},]); + } else { + $worksheet->write_row($rows_output++,0, + [ $foilindex++, + $Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'name'}, + $Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'text'}, + $Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'value'},]); + } + foreach my $foilid (@FoilsInConcept) { + if (@$Concepts > 1) { + $worksheet->write_row($rows_output++,0, + ['', + '', + $foilindex, + $Foildata{$foilid}->{'name'}, + $Foildata{$foilid}->{'text'}, + $Foildata{$foilid}->{'value'},]); + } else { + $worksheet->write_row($rows_output++,0, + [$foilindex, + $Foildata{$foilid}->{'name'}, + $Foildata{$foilid}->{'text'}, + $Foildata{$foilid}->{'value'},]); + } + } continue { + $foilindex++; + } + } continue { + $conceptindex++; + } + $rows_output++; + $rows_output++; + ## + ## Option data output + $worksheet->write($rows_output++,0,'Options',$format->{'header'}); + foreach my $string (@{$ORdata->{'_Options'}}) { + $worksheet->write($rows_output++,0,$string); + } + return 'okay'; +} +sub OR_build_response_data_worksheet { + my ($worksheet,$format,$performance_data,$Foils,$ORdata)=@_; + my $rows_output = 3; + my $cols_output = 0; + $worksheet->write($rows_output++,0,'Response Data',$format->{'h3'}); + $worksheet->set_column(1,1,20); + $worksheet->set_column(2,2,13); + my @Headers = ('identifier','time','award detail','attempt'); + foreach my $foil (@$Foils) { + push (@Headers,$foil.' submission'); + push (@Headers,$foil.' grading'); + } + $worksheet->write_row($rows_output++,0,\@Headers,$format->{'header'}); + # + foreach my $row (@$performance_data) { + next if (! defined($row)); + my ($student,$award,$grading,$submission,$time,$tries) = @$row; + my @Foilgrades = split('&',$grading); + my @Foilsubs = split('&',$submission); + my %response_data; + for (my $j=0;$j<=$#Foilgrades;$j++) { + my ($foilid,$correct) = split('=',$Foilgrades[$j]); + my (undef,$submission) = split('=',$Foilsubs[$j]); + $submission = &Apache::lonnet::unescape($submission); + $response_data{$foilid.' submission'}=$submission; + $response_data{$foilid.' award'}=$correct; + } + $worksheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++,$student); + $worksheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++, + &Apache::lonstathelpers::calc_serial($time),$format->{'date'}); + $worksheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++,$award); + $worksheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++,$tries); + foreach my $foilid (@$Foils) { + $worksheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++, + $response_data{$foilid.' submission'}); + $worksheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++, + $response_data{$foilid.' award'}); + } + $rows_output++; + $cols_output = 0; + } return; } -sub InitAnalysis { - my ($uri,$part,$responseId,$problem,$student,$courseID)=@_; - my ($name,$domain)=split(/\:/,$student); - - my %analyzeData; - # Render the student's view of the problem. $Answ is the problem - # Stringafied - my $Answ=&Apache::lonnet::ssi($uri,('grade_target' => 'analyze', - 'grade_username' => $name, - 'grade_domain' => $domain, - 'grade_courseid' => $courseID, - 'grade_symb' => $problem)); - my ($Answer)=&Apache::lonnet::str2hashref($Answ); - - my $found = 0; - my @parts=(); - if(defined($responseId)) { - foreach (@{$Answer->{'parts'}}) { - if($_ eq $part.'.'.$responseId) { - push(@parts, $_); - $found = 1; - last; - } +sub build_foil_index { + my ($ORdata) = @_; + return if (! exists($ORdata->{'_Foils'})); + my %Foildata = %{$ORdata->{'_Foils'}}; + my @Foils = sort(keys(%Foildata)); + my %Concepts; + foreach my $foilid (@Foils) { + push(@{$Concepts{$Foildata{$foilid}->{'_Concept'}}}, + $foilid); + } + undef(@Foils); + # Having gathered the concept information in a hash, we now translate it + # into an array because we need to be consistent about order. + # Also put the foils in order, too. + my $sortfunction = sub { + my %Numbers = (one => 1, + two => 2, + three => 3, + four => 4, + five => 5, + six => 6, + seven => 7, + eight => 8, + nine => 9, + ten => 10,); + my $a1 = lc($a); + my $b1 = lc($b); + if (exists($Numbers{$a1})) { + $a1 = $Numbers{$a1}; + } + if (exists($Numbers{$b1})) { + $b1 = $Numbers{$b1}; + } + if (($a1 =~/^\d+$/) && ($b1 =~/^\d+$/)) { + return $a1 <=> $b1; + } else { + return $a1 cmp $b1; + } + }; + my @Concepts; + foreach my $concept (sort $sortfunction (keys(%Concepts))) { + if (! defined($Concepts{$concept})) { + $Concepts{$concept}=[]; +# next; } + push(@Concepts,{ name => $concept, + foils => [@{$Concepts{$concept}}]}); + push(@Foils,(@{$Concepts{$concept}})); + } + # + # Build up the table of row labels. + my $table = ''."\n"; + if (@Concepts > 1) { + $table .= ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + "\n"; } else { - foreach (@{$Answer->{'parts'}}) { - if($_ =~ /$part/) { - push(@parts, $_); - $found = 1; - last; - } + $table .= ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + "\n"; + } + my $conceptindex = 1; + my $foilindex = 1; + foreach my $concept (@Concepts) { + my @FoilsInConcept = @{$concept->{'foils'}}; + my $firstfoil = shift(@FoilsInConcept); + if (@Concepts > 1) { + $table .= ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + "\n"; + } else { + $table .= ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + "\n"; + } + foreach my $foilid (@FoilsInConcept) { + if (@Concepts > 1) { + $table .= ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + "\n"; + } else { + $table .= ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + ''. + "\n"; + } + } continue { + $foilindex++; + } + } continue { + $conceptindex++; + } + $table .= "
'.&mt('Concept Number').''.&mt('Concept').''.&mt('Foil Number').''.&mt('Foil Name').''.&mt('Foil Text').''.&mt('Correct Value').'
'.&mt('Foil Number').''.&mt('Foil Name').''.&mt('Foil Text').''.&mt('Correct Value').'
'.$conceptindex.''.&HTML::Entities::encode($concept->{'name'},'<>&"').''.$foilindex++.''.&HTML::Entities::encode($Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'name'},'<>&"').''.$Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'text'}.''.&HTML::Entities::encode($Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'value'},'<>&"').'
'.$foilindex++.''.&HTML::Entities::encode($Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'name'},'<>&"').''.$Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'text'}.''.&HTML::Entities::encode($Foildata{$firstfoil}->{'value'},'<>&"').'
'.$foilindex.''.&HTML::Entities::encode($Foildata{$foilid}->{'name'},'<>&"').''.$Foildata{$foilid}->{'text'}.''.&HTML::Entities::encode($Foildata{$foilid}->{'value'},'<>&"').'
'.$foilindex.''.&HTML::Entities::encode($Foildata{$foilid}->{'name'},'<>&"').''.$Foildata{$foilid}->{'text'}.''.&HTML::Entities::encode($Foildata{$foilid}->{'value'},'<>&"').'
\n"; + # + # Build option index with color stuff + return ($table,\@Foils,\@Concepts); +} + +sub build_option_index { + my ($ORdata)= @_; + my $table = "\n"; + my $optionindex = 0; + my @Rows; + foreach my $option (&mt('correct option chosen'),@{$ORdata->{'_Options'}}) { + my $color = $plotcolors->[$optionindex++]; + push (@Rows, + ''. + ''. + ''. + "\n"); + } + shift(@Rows); # Throw away 'correct option chosen' color + $table .= join('',reverse(@Rows)); + $table .= "
'. + ''.('*'x3).''.''.&HTML::Entities::encode($option,'<>&"').'
\n"; +} + +sub build_foil_key { + my ($foils,$extra_data)= @_; + if (! defined($extra_data)) { $extra_data = {}; } + my $table = "\n"; + my $foil_index = 0; + my @rows; + foreach my $foil (&mt('correct foil chosen'),@{$foils}) { + my $color = $plotcolors->[$foil_index++]; + push (@rows, + ''. + ''. + ''. + "\n"); + } + shift(@rows); # Throw away 'correct foil chosen' color + $table .= join('',reverse(@rows)); + $table .= "
'. + ''.('*'x4).''.&HTML::Entities::encode($foil,'<>&"'). + (' 'x2).$extra_data->{$foil}.'
\n"; +} + +######################################################### +######################################################### +## +## Generic Interface Routines +## +######################################################### +######################################################### +sub CreateInterface { + ## + ## Environment variable initialization + if (! exists$ENV{'form.AnalyzeOver'}) { + $ENV{'form.AnalyzeOver'} = 'tries'; + } + ## + ## Build the menu + my $Str = ''; + $Str .= &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::breadcrumbs + (undef,'Detailed Problem Analysis'); + $Str .= ''."\n"; + $Str .= ''; + $Str .= ''; + $Str .= ''; +# $Str .= ''; + $Str .= ''; + $Str .= ''."\n"; + ## + ## + $Str .= ''; + # + $Str .= ''; + # +# $Str .= ''; + ## + ## + $Str .= ''."\n"; + $Str .= '
'.&mt('Sections').''.&mt('Enrollment Status').''.&mt('Sequences and Folders').' 
'."\n"; + $Str .= &Apache::lonstatistics::SectionSelect('Section','multiple',5); + $Str .= ''; + $Str .= &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::StatusOptions(undef,undef,5); + $Str .= ''; + my $only_seq_with_assessments = sub { + my $s=shift; + if ($s->{'num_assess'} < 1) { + return 0; + } else { + return 1; } + }; + &Apache::lonstatistics::MapSelect('Maps','multiple,all',5, + $only_seq_with_assessments); + ## + ## + $Str .= ''; + ## + my $showprob_checkbox = + '
'; + ## + my $analyze_selector = ''; + $Str .= '
'.$/; + ## + my $numplots_selector = '
'; + $Str .= ''; + ## + $Str .= ''; + $Str .= '
'."\n"; + return $Str; +} + +######################################################### +######################################################### +## +## Misc Option Response functions +## +######################################################### +######################################################### +sub get_time_from_row { + my ($row) = @_; + if (ref($row)) { + return $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_timestamp()]; + } + return undef; +} + +sub get_tries_from_row { + my ($row) = @_; + if (ref($row)) { + return $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_tries()]; } + return undef; +} - if($found == 0) { - $analyzeData{'error'} = 'No parts matching selected values'; - return \%analyzeData; - } - - my @Concepts=(); - my %foil_to_concept; - foreach my $currentPart (@parts) { - if(defined($Answer->{$currentPart.'.concepts'})) { - foreach my $concept (@{$Answer->{$currentPart.'.concepts'}}) { - push(@Concepts, $concept); - foreach my $foil (@{$Answer->{$currentPart.'.concept.'. - $concept}}) { - $analyzeData{$currentPart.'.foil.value.'.$foil} = - $Answer->{$currentPart.'.foil.value.'.$foil}; - $foil_to_concept{$foil} = $concept; - } - } +sub hashify_attempt { + my ($row) = @_; + my %attempt; + $attempt{'student'} = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_sname()]; + $attempt{'tries'} = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_tries()]; + $attempt{'submission'} = &Apache::lonnet::unescape($row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_submission()]); + $attempt{'award'} = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_awarddetail()]; + $attempt{'timestamp'} = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_timestamp()]; + return %attempt; +} + +sub Process_OR_Row { + my ($row) = @_; + my %RowData; +# my $student_id = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_student_id()]; + my $award = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_awarddetail()]; + my $grading = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_response_eval()]; + my $submission = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_submission()]; + my $time = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_timestamp()]; +# my $tries = $row->[&Apache::loncoursedata::RD_tries()]; + return undef if ($award eq 'MISSING_ANSWER'); + if (&submission_is_correct($award)) { + $RowData{'_correct'} = 1; + } + $RowData{'_total'} = 1; + my @Foilgrades = split('&',$grading); + my @Foilsubs = split('&',$submission); + for (my $j=0;$j<=$#Foilgrades;$j++) { + my ($foilid,$correct) = split('=',$Foilgrades[$j]); + $foilid = &Apache::lonnet::unescape($foilid); + my (undef,$submission) = split('=',$Foilsubs[$j]); + if ($correct) { + $RowData{$foilid}->{'_correct'}++; } else { - foreach (keys(%$Answer)) { - if(/$currentPart.foil\.value\.(.*)$/) { - push(@Concepts, $1); - $foil_to_concept{$1} = $1; - $analyzeData{$currentPart.'.foil.value.'.$1} = - $Answer->{$currentPart.'.foil.value.'.$1}; - } - } + $submission = &Apache::lonnet::unescape($submission); + $RowData{$foilid}->{$submission}++; } + $RowData{$foilid}->{'_total'}++; } + return %RowData; +} - $analyzeData{'parts'} = \@parts; - $analyzeData{'concepts'} = \@Concepts; - $analyzeData{'foil_to_concept'} = \%foil_to_concept; - - return \%analyzeData; -} - -sub Interval { - my ($part,$symb,$interval,$Concepts,$ConceptData)=@_; - my $Int=$interval; - my $due = &Apache::lonnet::EXT('resource.'.$part.'.duedate',$symb); - my $opn = &Apache::lonnet::EXT('resource.'.$part.'.opendate',$symb); - my $add=int(($due-$opn)/$Int); - $ConceptData->{'Int.0'}=$opn; - for(my $i=1; $i<$Int; $i++) { - $ConceptData->{'Int.'.$i}=$opn+$i*$add; - } - $ConceptData->{'Int.'.$Int}=$due; - for(my $i=0; $i<$Int; $i++) { - for(my $n=0; $n<(scalar @$Concepts); $n++ ) { - my $tmp=$Concepts->[$n]; - $ConceptData->{$tmp.'.'.$i.'.true'}=0; - $ConceptData->{$tmp.'.'.$i.'.false'}=0; - } +sub submission_is_correct { + my ($award) = @_; + if ($award =~ /(APPROX_ANS|EXACT_ANS)/) { + return 1; + } else { + return 0; } } + 1; + __END__