--- loncom/lond	2004/04/29 07:18:10	1.187
+++ loncom/lond	2008/03/08 03:17:38	1.398
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network
 # lond "LON Daemon" Server (port "LOND" 5663)
 #
-# $Id: lond,v 1.187 2004/04/29 07:18:10 albertel Exp $
+# $Id: lond,v 1.398 2008/03/08 03:17:38 raeburn Exp $
 #
 # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
 #
@@ -31,39 +31,49 @@
 
 use strict;
 use lib '/home/httpd/lib/perl/';
+use LONCAPA;
 use LONCAPA::Configuration;
 
 use IO::Socket;
 use IO::File;
 #use Apache::File;
-use Symbol;
 use POSIX;
 use Crypt::IDEA;
 use LWP::UserAgent();
+use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex);
 use GDBM_File;
 use Authen::Krb4;
 use Authen::Krb5;
-use lib '/home/httpd/lib/perl/';
 use localauth;
+use localenroll;
+use localstudentphoto;
 use File::Copy;
-use LONCAPA::ConfigFileEdit;
+use File::Find;
+use LONCAPA::lonlocal;
+use LONCAPA::lonssl;
+use Fcntl qw(:flock);
+use Apache::lonnet;
 
 my $DEBUG = 0;		       # Non zero to enable debug log entries.
 
 my $status='';
 my $lastlog='';
 
-my $VERSION='$Revision: 1.187 $'; #' stupid emacs
+my $VERSION='$Revision: 1.398 $'; #' stupid emacs
 my $remoteVERSION;
-my $currenthostid;
+my $currenthostid="default";
 my $currentdomainid;
 
 my $client;
-my $clientip;
-my $clientname;
+my $clientip;			# IP address of client.
+my $clientname;			# LonCAPA name of client.
 
 my $server;
-my $thisserver;
+
+my $keymode;
+
+my $cipher;			# Cipher key negotiated with client
+my $tmpsnum = 0;		# Id of tmpputs.
 
 # 
 #   Connection type is:
@@ -74,31 +84,43 @@ my $thisserver;
 
 my $ConnectionType;
 
-my %hostid;
-my %hostdom;
-my %hostip;
-
 my %managers;			# Ip -> manager names
 
 my %perlvar;			# Will have the apache conf defined perl vars.
 
 #
+#   The hash below is used for command dispatching, and is therefore keyed on the request keyword.
+#    Each element of the hash contains a reference to an array that contains:
+#          A reference to a sub that executes the request corresponding to the keyword.
+#          A flag that is true if the request must be encoded to be acceptable.
+#          A mask with bits as follows:
+#                      CLIENT_OK    - Set when the function is allowed by ordinary clients
+#                      MANAGER_OK   - Set when the function is allowed to manager clients.
+#
+my $CLIENT_OK  = 1;
+my $MANAGER_OK = 2;
+my %Dispatcher;
+
+
+#
 #  The array below are password error strings."
 #
 my $lastpwderror    = 13;		# Largest error number from lcpasswd.
 my @passwderrors = ("ok",
-		   "lcpasswd must be run as user 'www'",
-		   "lcpasswd got incorrect number of arguments",
-		   "lcpasswd did not get the right nubmer of input text lines",
-		   "lcpasswd too many simultaneous pwd changes in progress",
-		   "lcpasswd User does not exist.",
-		   "lcpasswd Incorrect current passwd",
-		   "lcpasswd Unable to su to root.",
-		   "lcpasswd Cannot set new passwd.",
-		   "lcpasswd Username has invalid characters",
-		   "lcpasswd Invalid characters in password",
-		    "11", "12",
-		    "lcpasswd Password mismatch");
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd must be run as user 'www'",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd got incorrect number of arguments",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd did not get the right nubmer of input text lines",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd too many simultaneous pwd changes in progress",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd User does not exist.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Incorrect current passwd",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Unable to su to root.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Cannot set new passwd.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Username has invalid characters",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Invalid characters in password",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd User already exists", 
+                   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Something went wrong with user addition.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Password mismatch",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Error filename is invalid");
 
 
 #  The array below are lcuseradd error strings.:
@@ -113,14 +135,230 @@ my @adderrors    = ("ok",
 		    "lcuseradd Unable to make www member of users's group",
 		    "lcuseradd Unable to su to root",
 		    "lcuseradd Unable to set password",
-		    "lcuseradd Usrname has invalid characters",
+		    "lcuseradd Username has invalid characters",
 		    "lcuseradd Password has an invalid character",
 		    "lcuseradd User already exists",
 		    "lcuseradd Could not add user.",
 		    "lcuseradd Password mismatch");
 
 
+
+#
+#   Statistics that are maintained and dislayed in the status line.
+#
+my $Transactions = 0;		# Number of attempted transactions.
+my $Failures     = 0;		# Number of transcations failed.
+
+#   ResetStatistics: 
+#      Resets the statistics counters:
+#
+sub ResetStatistics {
+    $Transactions = 0;
+    $Failures     = 0;
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+#   LocalConnection
+#     Completes the formation of a locally authenticated connection.
+#     This function will ensure that the 'remote' client is really the
+#     local host.  If not, the connection is closed, and the function fails.
+#     If so, initcmd is parsed for the name of a file containing the
+#     IDEA session key.  The fie is opened, read, deleted and the session
+#     key returned to the caller.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   $Socket      - Socket open on client.
+#   $initcmd     - The full text of the init command.
+#
+# Returns:
+#     IDEA session key on success.
+#     undef on failure.
+#
+sub LocalConnection {
+    my ($Socket, $initcmd) = @_;
+    Debug("Attempting local connection: $initcmd client: $clientip");
+    if($clientip ne "127.0.0.1") {
+	&logthis('<font color="red"> LocalConnection rejecting non local: '
+		 ."$clientip ne 127.0.0.1 </font>");
+	close $Socket;
+	return undef;
+    }  else {
+	chomp($initcmd);	# Get rid of \n in filename.
+	my ($init, $type, $name) = split(/:/, $initcmd);
+	Debug(" Init command: $init $type $name ");
+
+	# Require that $init = init, and $type = local:  Otherwise
+	# the caller is insane:
+
+	if(($init ne "init") && ($type ne "local")) {
+	    &logthis('<font color = "red"> LocalConnection: caller is insane! '
+		     ."init = $init, and type = $type </font>");
+	    close($Socket);;
+	    return undef;
+		
+	}
+	#  Now get the key filename:
+
+	my $IDEAKey = lonlocal::ReadKeyFile($name);
+	return $IDEAKey;
+    }
+}
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+#  SSLConnection
+#   Completes the formation of an ssh authenticated connection. The
+#   socket is promoted to an ssl socket.  If this promotion and the associated
+#   certificate exchange are successful, the IDEA key is generated and sent
+#   to the remote peer via the SSL tunnel. The IDEA key is also returned to
+#   the caller after the SSL tunnel is torn down.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   Name              Type             Purpose
+#   $Socket          IO::Socket::INET  Plaintext socket.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    IDEA key on success.
+#    undef on failure.
+#
+sub SSLConnection {
+    my $Socket   = shift;
+
+    Debug("SSLConnection: ");
+    my $KeyFile         = lonssl::KeyFile();
+    if(!$KeyFile) {
+	my $err = lonssl::LastError();
+	&logthis("<font color=\"red\"> CRITICAL"
+		 ."Can't get key file $err </font>");
+	return undef;
+    }
+    my ($CACertificate,
+	$Certificate) = lonssl::CertificateFile();
+
+
+    # If any of the key, certificate or certificate authority 
+    # certificate filenames are not defined, this can't work.
+
+    if((!$Certificate) || (!$CACertificate)) {
+	my $err = lonssl::LastError();
+	&logthis("<font color=\"red\"> CRITICAL"
+		 ."Can't get certificates: $err </font>");
+
+	return undef;
+    }
+    Debug("Key: $KeyFile CA: $CACertificate Cert: $Certificate");
+
+    # Indicate to our peer that we can procede with
+    # a transition to ssl authentication:
+
+    print $Socket "ok:ssl\n";
+
+    Debug("Approving promotion -> ssl");
+    #  And do so:
+
+    my $SSLSocket = lonssl::PromoteServerSocket($Socket,
+						$CACertificate,
+						$Certificate,
+						$KeyFile);
+    if(! ($SSLSocket) ) {	# SSL socket promotion failed.
+	my $err = lonssl::LastError();
+	&logthis("<font color=\"red\"> CRITICAL "
+		 ."SSL Socket promotion failed: $err </font>");
+	return undef;
+    }
+    Debug("SSL Promotion successful");
+
+    # 
+    #  The only thing we'll use the socket for is to send the IDEA key
+    #  to the peer:
+
+    my $Key = lonlocal::CreateCipherKey();
+    print $SSLSocket "$Key\n";
+
+    lonssl::Close($SSLSocket); 
+
+    Debug("Key exchange complete: $Key");
+
+    return $Key;
+}
+#
+#     InsecureConnection: 
+#        If insecure connections are allowd,
+#        exchange a challenge with the client to 'validate' the
+#        client (not really, but that's the protocol):
+#        We produce a challenge string that's sent to the client.
+#        The client must then echo the challenge verbatim to us.
+#
+#  Parameter:
+#      Socket      - Socket open on the client.
+#  Returns:
+#      1           - success.
+#      0           - failure (e.g.mismatch or insecure not allowed).
 #
+sub InsecureConnection {
+    my $Socket  =  shift;
+
+    #   Don't even start if insecure connections are not allowed.
+
+    if(! $perlvar{londAllowInsecure}) {	# Insecure connections not allowed.
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    #   Fabricate a challenge string and send it..
+
+    my $challenge = "$$".time;	# pid + time.
+    print $Socket "$challenge\n";
+    &status("Waiting for challenge reply");
+
+    my $answer = <$Socket>;
+    $answer    =~s/\W//g;
+    if($challenge eq $answer) {
+	return 1;
+    } else {
+	logthis("<font color='blue'>WARNING client did not respond to challenge</font>");
+	&status("No challenge reqply");
+	return 0;
+    }
+    
+
+}
+#
+#   Safely execute a command (as long as it's not a shel command and doesn
+#   not require/rely on shell escapes.   The function operates by doing a
+#   a pipe based fork and capturing stdout and stderr  from the pipe.
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#     $line                    - A line of text to be executed as a command.
+# Returns:
+#     The output from that command.  If the output is multiline the caller
+#     must know how to split up the output.
+#
+#
+sub execute_command {
+    my ($line)    = @_;
+    my @words     = split(/\s/, $line);	# Bust the command up into words.
+    my $output    = "";
+
+    my $pid = open(CHILD, "-|");
+    
+    if($pid) {			# Parent process
+	Debug("In parent process for execute_command");
+	my @data = <CHILD>;	# Read the child's outupt...
+	close CHILD;
+	foreach my $output_line (@data) {
+	    Debug("Adding $output_line");
+	    $output .= $output_line; # Presumably has a \n on it.
+	}
+
+    } else {			# Child process
+	close (STDERR);
+	open  (STDERR, ">&STDOUT");# Combine stderr, and stdout...
+	exec(@words);		# won't return.
+    }
+    return $output;
+}
+
+
 #   GetCertificate: Given a transaction that requires a certificate,
 #   this function will extract the certificate from the transaction
 #   request.  Note that at this point, the only concept of a certificate
@@ -158,7 +396,6 @@ sub isClient {
 #                     - This allows dynamic changes to the manager table
 #                       without the need to signal to the lond.
 #
-
 sub ReadManagerTable {
 
     #   Clean out the old table first..
@@ -175,10 +412,9 @@ sub ReadManagerTable {
    while(my $host = <MANAGERS>) {
       chomp($host);
       if ($host =~ "^#") {                  # Comment line.
-         logthis('<font color="green"> Skipping line: '. "$host</font>\n");
          next;
       }
-      if (!defined $hostip{$host}) { # This is a non cluster member
+      if (!defined &Apache::lonnet::get_host_ip($host)) { # This is a non cluster member
 	    #  The entry is of the form:
 	    #    cluname:hostname
 	    #  cluname - A 'cluster hostname' is needed in order to negotiate
@@ -196,7 +432,7 @@ sub ReadManagerTable {
          }
       } else {
          logthis('<font color="green"> existing host'." $host</font>\n");
-         $managers{$hostip{$host}} = $host;  # Use info from cluster tab if clumemeber
+         $managers{&Apache::lonnet::get_host_ip($host)} = $host;  # Use info from cluster tab if clumemeber
       }
    }
 }
@@ -225,42 +461,14 @@ sub ValidManager {
 #     1   - Success.
 #
 sub CopyFile {
-    my $oldfile = shift;
-    my $newfile = shift;
 
-    #  The file must exist:
+    my ($oldfile, $newfile) = @_;
 
-    if(-e $oldfile) {
-
-	 # Read the old file.
-
-	my $oldfh = IO::File->new("< $oldfile");
-	if(!$oldfh) {
-	    return 0;
-	}
-	my @contents = <$oldfh>;  # Suck in the entire file.
-
-	# write the backup file:
-
-	my $newfh = IO::File->new("> $newfile");
-	if(!(defined $newfh)){
-	    return 0;
-	}
-	my $lines = scalar @contents;
-	for (my $i =0; $i < $lines; $i++) {
-	    print $newfh ($contents[$i]);
-	}
-
-	$oldfh->close;
-	$newfh->close;
-
-	chmod(0660, $newfile);
-
-	return 1;
-	    
-    } else {
-	return 0;
+    if (! copy($oldfile,$newfile)) {
+        return 0;
     }
+    chmod(0660, $newfile);
+    return 1;
 }
 #
 #  Host files are passed out with externally visible host IPs.
@@ -285,30 +493,30 @@ sub AdjustHostContents {
     my $adjusted;
     my $me        = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
 
- foreach my $line (split(/\n/,$contents)) {
+    foreach my $line (split(/\n/,$contents)) {
 	if(!(($line eq "") || ($line =~ /^ *\#/) || ($line =~ /^ *$/))) {
 	    chomp($line);
 	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon)=split(/:/,$line);
 	    if ($id eq $me) {
-          my $ip = gethostbyname($name);
-          my $ipnew = inet_ntoa($ip);
-         $ip = $ipnew;
+		my $ip = gethostbyname($name);
+		my $ipnew = inet_ntoa($ip);
+		$ip = $ipnew;
 		#  Reconstruct the host line and append to adjusted:
 		
-		   my $newline = "$id:$domain:$role:$name:$ip";
-		   if($maxcon ne "") { # Not all hosts have loncnew tuning params
-		     $newline .= ":$maxcon:$idleto:$mincon";
-		   }
-		   $adjusted .= $newline."\n";
+		my $newline = "$id:$domain:$role:$name:$ip";
+		if($maxcon ne "") { # Not all hosts have loncnew tuning params
+		    $newline .= ":$maxcon:$idleto:$mincon";
+		}
+		$adjusted .= $newline."\n";
 		
-      } else {		# Not me, pass unmodified.
-		   $adjusted .= $line."\n";
-      }
+	    } else {		# Not me, pass unmodified.
+		$adjusted .= $line."\n";
+	    }
 	} else {                  # Blank or comment never re-written.
 	    $adjusted .= $line."\n";	# Pass blanks and comments as is.
 	}
- }
- return $adjusted;
+    }
+    return $adjusted;
 }
 #
 #   InstallFile: Called to install an administrative file:
@@ -326,8 +534,8 @@ sub AdjustHostContents {
 #      0       - failure and $! has an errno.
 #
 sub InstallFile {
-    my $Filename = shift;
-    my $Contents = shift;
+
+    my ($Filename, $Contents) = @_;
     my $TempFile = $Filename.".tmp";
 
     #  Open the file for write:
@@ -350,6 +558,8 @@ sub InstallFile {
 
     return 1;
 }
+
+
 #
 #   ConfigFileFromSelector: converts a configuration file selector
 #                 (one of host or domain at this point) into a 
@@ -439,8 +649,7 @@ sub PushFile {
 	&logthis('<font color="red"> Pushfile: unable to install '
 	 .$tablefile." $! </font>");
 	return "error:$!";
-    }
-    else {
+    } else {
 	&logthis('<font color="green"> Installed new '.$tablefile
 		 ."</font>");
 
@@ -564,8 +773,8 @@ sub isValidEditCommand {
 #                  file being edited.
 #
 sub ApplyEdit {
-    my $directive   = shift;
-    my $editor      = shift;
+
+    my ($directive, $editor) = @_;
 
     # Break the directive down into its command and its parameters
     # (at most two at this point.  The meaning of the parameters, if in fact
@@ -616,16 +825,14 @@ sub AdjustOurHost {
     #   Use the config line to get my hostname.
     #   Use gethostbyname to translate that into an IP address.
     #
-    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon) = split(/:/,$ConfigLine);
-    my $BinaryIp = gethostbyname($name);
-    my $ip       = inet_ntoa($ip);
+    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon) = split(/:/,$ConfigLine);
     #
     #  Reassemble the config line from the elements in the list.
     #  Note that if the loncnew items were not present before, they will
     #  be now even if they would be empty
     #
     my $newConfigLine = $id;
-    foreach my $item ($domain, $role, $name, $ip, $maxcon, $idleto, $mincon) {
+    foreach my $item ($domain, $role, $name, $maxcon, $idleto, $mincon) {
 	$newConfigLine .= ":".$item;
     }
     #  Replace the line:
@@ -649,8 +856,8 @@ sub AdjustOurHost {
 #        editor     - Editor containing the file.
 #
 sub ReplaceConfigFile {
-    my $filename  = shift;
-    my $editor    = shift;
+    
+    my ($filename, $editor) = @_;
 
     CopyFile ($filename, $filename.".old");
 
@@ -671,11 +878,11 @@ sub EditFile {
 
     #  Split the command into it's pieces:  edit:filetype:script
 
-    my ($request, $filetype, $script) = split(/:/, $request,3);	# : in script
+    my ($cmd, $filetype, $script) = split(/:/, $request,3);	# : in script
 
     #  Check the pre-coditions for success:
 
-    if($request != "edit") {	# Something is amiss afoot alack.
+    if($cmd != "edit") {	# Something is amiss afoot alack.
 	return "error:edit request detected, but request != 'edit'\n";
     }
     if( ($filetype ne "hosts")  &&
@@ -719,6 +926,4303 @@ sub EditFile {
 
     return "ok\n";
 }
+
+#   read_profile
+#
+#   Returns a set of specific entries from a user's profile file.
+#   this is a utility function that is used by both get_profile_entry and
+#   get_profile_entry_encrypted.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    udom       - Domain in which the user exists.
+#    uname      - User's account name (loncapa account)
+#    namespace  - The profile namespace to open.
+#    what       - A set of & separated queries.
+# Returns:
+#    If all ok: - The string that needs to be shipped back to the user.
+#    If failure - A string that starts with error: followed by the failure
+#                 reason.. note that this probabyl gets shipped back to the
+#                 user as well.
+#
+sub read_profile {
+    my ($udom, $uname, $namespace, $what) = @_;
+    
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
+        my $qresult='';
+	
+	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
+	    $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";    # Presumably failure gives empty string.
+	}
+	$qresult=~s/\&$//;              # Remove trailing & from last lookup.
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	    return $qresult;
+	} else {
+	    return "error: ".($!+0)." untie (GDBM) Failed";
+	}
+    } else {
+	if ($!+0 == 2) {
+	    return "error:No such file or GDBM reported bad block error";
+	} else {
+	    return "error: ".($!+0)." tie (GDBM) Failed";
+	}
+    }
+
+}
+#--------------------- Request Handlers --------------------------------------------
+#
+#   By convention each request handler registers itself prior to the sub 
+#   declaration:
+#
+
+#++
+#
+#  Handles ping requests.
+#  Parameters:
+#      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#      $replyfd- File descriptor connected to the client
+#  Implicit Inputs:
+#      $currenthostid - Global variable that carries the name of the host we are
+#                       known as.
+#  Returns:
+#      1       - Ok to continue processing.
+#      0       - Program should exit.
+#  Side effects:
+#      Reply information is sent to the client.
+sub ping_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    Debug("$cmd $tail $client .. $currenthostid:");
+   
+    Reply( $client,\$currenthostid,"$cmd:$tail");
+   
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("ping", \&ping_handler, 0, 1, 1);       # Ping unencoded, client or manager.
+
+#++
+#
+# Handles pong requests.  Pong replies with our current host id, and
+#                         the results of a ping sent to us via our lonc.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#      $replyfd- File descriptor connected to the client
+#  Implicit Inputs:
+#      $currenthostid - Global variable that carries the name of the host we are
+#                       connected to.
+#  Returns:
+#      1       - Ok to continue processing.
+#      0       - Program should exit.
+#  Side effects:
+#      Reply information is sent to the client.
+sub pong_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
+
+    my $reply=&Apache::lonnet::reply("ping",$clientname);
+    &Reply( $replyfd, "$currenthostid:$reply\n", "$cmd:$tail"); 
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("pong", \&pong_handler, 0, 1, 1);       # Pong unencoded, client or manager
+
+#++
+#      Called to establish an encrypted session key with the remote client.
+#      Note that with secure lond, in most cases this function is never
+#      invoked.  Instead, the secure session key is established either
+#      via a local file that's locked down tight and only lives for a short
+#      time, or via an ssl tunnel...and is generated from a bunch-o-random
+#      bits from /dev/urandom, rather than the predictable pattern used by
+#      by this sub.  This sub is only used in the old-style insecure
+#      key negotiation.
+# Parameters:
+#      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#      $replyfd- File descriptor connected to the client
+#  Implicit Inputs:
+#      $currenthostid - Global variable that carries the name of the host
+#                       known as.
+#      $clientname    - Global variable that carries the name of the hsot we're connected to.
+#  Returns:
+#      1       - Ok to continue processing.
+#      0       - Program should exit.
+#  Implicit Outputs:
+#      Reply information is sent to the client.
+#      $cipher is set with a reference to a new IDEA encryption object.
+#
+sub establish_key_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
+
+    my $buildkey=time.$$.int(rand 100000);
+    $buildkey=~tr/1-6/A-F/;
+    $buildkey=int(rand 100000).$buildkey.int(rand 100000);
+    my $key=$currenthostid.$clientname;
+    $key=~tr/a-z/A-Z/;
+    $key=~tr/G-P/0-9/;
+    $key=~tr/Q-Z/0-9/;
+    $key=$key.$buildkey.$key.$buildkey.$key.$buildkey;
+    $key=substr($key,0,32);
+    my $cipherkey=pack("H32",$key);
+    $cipher=new IDEA $cipherkey;
+    &Reply($replyfd, \$buildkey, "$cmd:$tail"); 
+   
+    return 1;
+
+}
+&register_handler("ekey", \&establish_key_handler, 0, 1,1);
+
+#     Handler for the load command.  Returns the current system load average
+#     to the requestor.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#      $replyfd- File descriptor connected to the client
+#  Implicit Inputs:
+#      $currenthostid - Global variable that carries the name of the host
+#                       known as.
+#      $clientname    - Global variable that carries the name of the hsot we're connected to.
+#  Returns:
+#      1       - Ok to continue processing.
+#      0       - Program should exit.
+#  Side effects:
+#      Reply information is sent to the client.
+sub load_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
+
+   # Get the load average from /proc/loadavg and calculate it as a percentage of
+   # the allowed load limit as set by the perl global variable lonLoadLim
+
+    my $loadavg;
+    my $loadfile=IO::File->new('/proc/loadavg');
+   
+    $loadavg=<$loadfile>;
+    $loadavg =~ s/\s.*//g;                      # Extract the first field only.
+   
+    my $loadpercent=100*$loadavg/$perlvar{'lonLoadLim'};
+
+    &Reply( $replyfd, \$loadpercent, "$cmd:$tail");
+   
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("load", \&load_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Process the userload request.  This sub returns to the client the current
+#  user load average.  It can be invoked either by clients or managers.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#      $replyfd- File descriptor connected to the client
+#  Implicit Inputs:
+#      $currenthostid - Global variable that carries the name of the host
+#                       known as.
+#      $clientname    - Global variable that carries the name of the hsot we're connected to.
+#  Returns:
+#      1       - Ok to continue processing.
+#      0       - Program should exit
+# Implicit inputs:
+#     whatever the userload() function requires.
+#  Implicit outputs:
+#     the reply is written to the client.
+#
+sub user_load_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
+
+    my $userloadpercent=&Apache::lonnet::userload();
+    &Reply($replyfd, \$userloadpercent, "$cmd:$tail");
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("userload", \&user_load_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Process a request for the authorization type of a user:
+#   (userauth).
+#
+# Parameters:
+#      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#      $replyfd- File descriptor connected to the client
+#  Returns:
+#      1       - Ok to continue processing.
+#      0       - Program should exit
+# Implicit outputs:
+#    The user authorization type is written to the client.
+#
+sub user_authorization_type {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
+   
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+   
+    #  Pull the domain and username out of the command tail.
+    # and call get_auth_type to determine the authentication type.
+   
+    my ($udom,$uname)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    my $result = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname);
+    if($result eq "nouser") {
+	&Failure( $replyfd, "unknown_user\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+	#
+	# We only want to pass the second field from get_auth_type
+	# for ^krb.. otherwise we'll be handing out the encrypted
+	# password for internals e.g.
+	#
+	my ($type,$otherinfo) = split(/:/,$result);
+	if($type =~ /^krb/) {
+	    $type = $result;
+	} else {
+            $type .= ':';
+        }
+	&Reply( $replyfd, \$type, $userinput);
+    }
+  
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("currentauth", \&user_authorization_type, 1, 1, 0);
+
+#   Process a request by a manager to push a hosts or domain table 
+#   to us.  We pick apart the command and pass it on to the subs
+#   that already exist to do this.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#      $client - File descriptor connected to the client
+#  Returns:
+#      1       - Ok to continue processing.
+#      0       - Program should exit
+# Implicit Output:
+#    a reply is written to the client.
+sub push_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    # At this time we only know that the IP of our partner is a valid manager
+    # the code below is a hook to do further authentication (e.g. to resolve
+    # spoofing).
+
+    my $cert = &GetCertificate($userinput);
+    if(&ValidManager($cert)) { 
+
+	# Now presumably we have the bona fides of both the peer host and the
+	# process making the request.
+      
+	my $reply = &PushFile($userinput);
+	&Reply($client, \$reply, $userinput);
+
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+    } 
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("pushfile", \&push_file_handler, 1, 0, 1);
+
+#
+#   du  - list the disk usuage of a directory recursively. 
+#    
+#   note: stolen code from the ls file handler
+#   under construction by Rick Banghart 
+#    .
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - The command that dispatched us (du).
+#    $ududir     - The directory path to list... I'm not sure what this
+#                  is relative as things like ls:. return e.g.
+#                  no_such_dir.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#     1 - indicating that the daemon should not disconnect.
+# Side Effects:
+#   The reply is written to  $client.
+#
+sub du_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $ududir, $client) = @_;
+    ($ududir) = split(/:/,$ududir); # Make 'telnet' testing easier.
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$ududir";
+
+    if ($ududir=~/\.\./ || $ududir!~m|^/home/httpd/|) {
+	&Failure($client,"refused\n","$cmd:$ududir");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    #  Since $ududir could have some nasties in it,
+    #  we will require that ududir is a valid
+    #  directory.  Just in case someone tries to
+    #  slip us a  line like .;(cd /home/httpd rm -rf*)
+    #  etc.
+    #
+    if (-d $ududir) {
+	my $total_size=0;
+	my $code=sub { 
+	    if ($_=~/\.\d+\./) { return;} 
+	    if ($_=~/\.meta$/) { return;}
+	    if (-d $_)         { return;}
+	    $total_size+=(stat($_))[7];
+	};
+	chdir($ududir);
+	find($code,$ududir);
+	$total_size=int($total_size/1024);
+	&Reply($client,\$total_size,"$cmd:$ududir");
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "bad_directory:$ududir\n","$cmd:$ududir"); 
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("du", \&du_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# The ls_handler routine should be considered obosolete and is retained
+# for communication with legacy servers.  Please see the ls2_handler.
+#
+#   ls  - list the contents of a directory.  For each file in the
+#    selected directory the filename followed by the full output of
+#    the stat function is returned.  The returned info for each
+#    file are separated by ':'.  The stat fields are separated by &'s.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - The command that dispatched us (ls).
+#    $ulsdir     - The directory path to list... I'm not sure what this
+#                  is relative as things like ls:. return e.g.
+#                  no_such_dir.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#     1 - indicating that the daemon should not disconnect.
+# Side Effects:
+#   The reply is written to  $client.
+#
+sub ls_handler {
+    # obsoleted by ls2_handler
+    my ($cmd, $ulsdir, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$ulsdir";
+
+    my $obs;
+    my $rights;
+    my $ulsout='';
+    my $ulsfn;
+    if (-e $ulsdir) {
+	if(-d $ulsdir) {
+	    if (opendir(LSDIR,$ulsdir)) {
+		while ($ulsfn=readdir(LSDIR)) {
+		    undef($obs);
+		    undef($rights); 
+		    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn);
+		    #We do some obsolete checking here
+		    if(-e $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta") { 
+			open(FILE, $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta");
+			my @obsolete=<FILE>;
+			foreach my $obsolete (@obsolete) {
+			    if($obsolete =~ m/(<obsolete>)(on|1)/) { $obs = 1; } 
+			    if($obsolete =~ m|(<copyright>)(default)|) { $rights = 1; }
+			}
+		    }
+		    $ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats);
+		    if($obs eq '1') { $ulsout.="&1"; }
+		    else { $ulsout.="&0"; }
+		    if($rights eq '1') { $ulsout.="&1:"; }
+		    else { $ulsout.="&0:"; }
+		}
+		closedir(LSDIR);
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir);
+	    $ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats).':';
+	}
+    } else {
+	$ulsout='no_such_dir';
+    }
+    if ($ulsout eq '') { $ulsout='empty'; }
+    &Reply($client, \$ulsout, $userinput); # This supports debug logging.
+    
+    return 1;
+
+}
+&register_handler("ls", \&ls_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# Please also see the ls_handler, which this routine obosolets.
+# ls2_handler differs from ls_handler in that it escapes its return 
+# values before concatenating them together with ':'s.
+#
+#   ls2  - list the contents of a directory.  For each file in the
+#    selected directory the filename followed by the full output of
+#    the stat function is returned.  The returned info for each
+#    file are separated by ':'.  The stat fields are separated by &'s.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - The command that dispatched us (ls).
+#    $ulsdir     - The directory path to list... I'm not sure what this
+#                  is relative as things like ls:. return e.g.
+#                  no_such_dir.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#     1 - indicating that the daemon should not disconnect.
+# Side Effects:
+#   The reply is written to  $client.
+#
+sub ls2_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $ulsdir, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$ulsdir";
+
+    my $obs;
+    my $rights;
+    my $ulsout='';
+    my $ulsfn;
+    if (-e $ulsdir) {
+        if(-d $ulsdir) {
+            if (opendir(LSDIR,$ulsdir)) {
+                while ($ulsfn=readdir(LSDIR)) {
+                    undef($obs);
+		    undef($rights); 
+                    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn);
+                    #We do some obsolete checking here
+                    if(-e $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta") { 
+                        open(FILE, $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta");
+                        my @obsolete=<FILE>;
+                        foreach my $obsolete (@obsolete) {
+                            if($obsolete =~ m/(<obsolete>)(on|1)/) { $obs = 1; } 
+                            if($obsolete =~ m|(<copyright>)(default)|) {
+                                $rights = 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    my $tmp = $ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats);
+                    if ($obs    eq '1') { $tmp.="&1"; } else { $tmp.="&0"; }
+                    if ($rights eq '1') { $tmp.="&1"; } else { $tmp.="&0"; }
+                    $ulsout.= &escape($tmp).':';
+                }
+                closedir(LSDIR);
+            }
+        } else {
+            my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir);
+            $ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats).':';
+        }
+    } else {
+        $ulsout='no_such_dir';
+   }
+   if ($ulsout eq '') { $ulsout='empty'; }
+   &Reply($client, \$ulsout, $userinput); # This supports debug logging.
+   return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("ls2", \&ls2_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Process a reinit request.  Reinit requests that either
+#   lonc or lond be reinitialized so that an updated 
+#   host.tab or domain.tab can be processed.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#      $client - File descriptor connected to the client
+#  Returns:
+#      1       - Ok to continue processing.
+#      0       - Program should exit
+#  Implicit output:
+#     a reply is sent to the client.
+#
+sub reinit_process_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+   
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+   
+    my $cert = &GetCertificate($userinput);
+    if(&ValidManager($cert)) {
+	chomp($userinput);
+	my $reply = &ReinitProcess($userinput);
+	&Reply( $client,  \$reply, $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("reinit", \&reinit_process_handler, 1, 0, 1);
+
+#  Process the editing script for a table edit operation.
+#  the editing operation must be encrypted and requested by
+#  a manager host.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#      $client - File descriptor connected to the client
+#  Returns:
+#      1       - Ok to continue processing.
+#      0       - Program should exit
+#  Implicit output:
+#     a reply is sent to the client.
+#
+sub edit_table_handler {
+    my ($command, $tail, $client) = @_;
+   
+    my $userinput = "$command:$tail";
+
+    my $cert = &GetCertificate($userinput);
+    if(&ValidManager($cert)) {
+	my($filetype, $script) = split(/:/, $tail);
+	if (($filetype eq "hosts") || 
+	    ($filetype eq "domain")) {
+	    if($script ne "") {
+		&Reply($client,              # BUGBUG - EditFile
+		      &EditFile($userinput), #   could fail.
+		      $userinput);
+	    } else {
+		&Failure($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("edit", \&edit_table_handler, 1, 0, 1);
+
+#
+#   Authenticate a user against the LonCAPA authentication
+#   database.  Note that there are several authentication
+#   possibilities:
+#   - unix     - The user can be authenticated against the unix
+#                password file.
+#   - internal - The user can be authenticated against a purely 
+#                internal per user password file.
+#   - kerberos - The user can be authenticated against either a kerb4 or kerb5
+#                ticket granting authority.
+#   - user     - The person tailoring LonCAPA can supply a user authentication
+#                mechanism that is per system.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+# Implicit inputs:
+#    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
+#    input into the authentication process that are described above.
+#
+sub authenticate_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    
+    #  Regenerate the full input line 
+    
+    my $userinput  = $cmd.":".$tail;
+    
+    #  udom    - User's domain.
+    #  uname   - Username.
+    #  upass   - User's password.
+    #  checkdefauth - Pass to validate_user() to try authentication
+    #                 with default auth type(s) if no user account.
+    
+    my ($udom, $uname, $upass, $checkdefauth)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    &Debug(" Authenticate domain = $udom, user = $uname, password = $upass");
+    chomp($upass);
+    $upass=&unescape($upass);
+
+    my $pwdcorrect = &validate_user($udom,$uname,$upass,$checkdefauth);
+    if($pwdcorrect) {
+	&Reply( $client, "authorized\n", $userinput);
+	#
+	#  Bad credentials: Failed to authorize
+	#
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "non_authorized\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("auth", \&authenticate_handler, 1, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Change a user's password.  Note that this function is complicated by
+#   the fact that a user may be authenticated in more than one way:
+#   At present, we are not able to change the password for all types of
+#   authentication methods.  Only for:
+#      unix    - unix password or shadow passoword style authentication.
+#      local   - Locally written authentication mechanism.
+#   For now, kerb4 and kerb5 password changes are not supported and result
+#   in an error.
+# FUTURE WORK:
+#    Support kerberos passwd changes?
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+# Implicit inputs:
+#    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
+#    input into the authentication process that are described above.
+sub change_password_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = $cmd.":".$tail;           # Reconstruct client's string.
+
+    #
+    #  udom  - user's domain.
+    #  uname - Username.
+    #  upass - Current password.
+    #  npass - New password.
+    #  context - Context in which this was called 
+    #            (preferences or reset_by_email).
+   
+    my ($udom,$uname,$upass,$npass,$context)=split(/:/,$tail);
+
+    $upass=&unescape($upass);
+    $npass=&unescape($npass);
+    &Debug("Trying to change password for $uname");
+
+    # First require that the user can be authenticated with their
+    # old password unless context was 'reset_by_email':
+    
+    my $validated;
+    if ($context eq 'reset_by_email') {
+        $validated = 1;
+    } else {
+        $validated = &validate_user($udom, $uname, $upass);
+    }
+    if($validated) {
+	my $realpasswd  = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname); # Defined since authd.
+	
+	my ($howpwd,$contentpwd)=split(/:/,$realpasswd);
+	if ($howpwd eq 'internal') {
+	    &Debug("internal auth");
+	    my $salt=time;
+	    $salt=substr($salt,6,2);
+	    my $ncpass=crypt($npass,$salt);
+	    if(&rewrite_password_file($udom, $uname, "internal:$ncpass")) {
+		&logthis("Result of password change for "
+			 ."$uname: pwchange_success");
+		&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    } else {
+		&logthis("Unable to open $uname passwd "               
+			 ."to change password");
+		&Failure( $client, "non_authorized\n",$userinput);
+	    }
+	} elsif ($howpwd eq 'unix' && $context ne 'reset_by_email') {
+	    my $result = &change_unix_password($uname, $npass);
+	    &logthis("Result of password change for $uname: ".
+		     $result);
+	    &Reply($client, \$result, $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    # this just means that the current password mode is not
+	    # one we know how to change (e.g the kerberos auth modes or
+	    # locally written auth handler).
+	    #
+	    &Failure( $client, "auth_mode_error\n", $userinput);
+	}  
+	
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "non_authorized\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("passwd", \&change_password_handler, 1, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Create a new user.  User in this case means a lon-capa user.
+#   The user must either already exist in some authentication realm
+#   like kerberos or the /etc/passwd.  If not, a user completely local to
+#   this loncapa system is created.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+# Implicit inputs:
+#    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
+#    input into the authentication process that are described above.
+sub add_user_handler {
+
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$umode,$npass)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    my $userinput = $cmd.":".$tail; # Reconstruct the full request line.
+
+    &Debug("cmd =".$cmd." $udom =".$udom." uname=".$uname);
+
+
+    if($udom eq $currentdomainid) { # Reject new users for other domains...
+	
+	my $oldumask=umask(0077);
+	chomp($npass);
+	$npass=&unescape($npass);
+	my $passfilename  = &password_path($udom, $uname);
+	&Debug("Password file created will be:".$passfilename);
+	if (-e $passfilename) {
+	    &Failure( $client, "already_exists\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    my $fperror='';
+	    if (!&mkpath($passfilename)) {
+		$fperror="error: ".($!+0)." mkdir failed while attempting "
+		    ."makeuser";
+	    }
+	    unless ($fperror) {
+		my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass, $passfilename);
+		&Reply($client,\$result, $userinput);     #BUGBUG - could be fail
+	    } else {
+		&Failure($client, \$fperror, $userinput);
+	    }
+	}
+	umask($oldumask);
+    }  else {
+	&Failure($client, "not_right_domain\n",
+		$userinput);	# Even if we are multihomed.
+    
+    }
+    return 1;
+
+}
+&register_handler("makeuser", \&add_user_handler, 1, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Change the authentication method of a user.  Note that this may
+#   also implicitly change the user's password if, for example, the user is
+#   joining an existing authentication realm.  Known authentication realms at
+#   this time are:
+#    internal   - Purely internal password file (only loncapa knows this user)
+#    local      - Institutionally written authentication module.
+#    unix       - Unix user (/etc/passwd with or without /etc/shadow).
+#    kerb4      - kerberos version 4
+#    kerb5      - kerberos version 5
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+# Implicit inputs:
+#    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
+#    input into the authentication process that are described above.
+# NOTE:
+#   This is also used to change the authentication credential values (e.g. passwd).
+#   
+#
+sub change_authentication_handler {
+
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+   
+    my $userinput  = "$cmd:$tail";              # Reconstruct user input.
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$umode,$npass)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    &Debug("cmd = ".$cmd." domain= ".$udom."uname =".$uname." umode= ".$umode);
+    if ($udom ne $currentdomainid) {
+	&Failure( $client, "not_right_domain\n", $client);
+    } else {
+	
+	chomp($npass);
+	
+	$npass=&unescape($npass);
+	my $oldauth = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname); # Get old auth info.
+	my $passfilename = &password_path($udom, $uname);
+	if ($passfilename) {	# Not allowed to create a new user!!
+	    # If just changing the unix passwd. need to arrange to run
+	    # passwd since otherwise make_passwd_file will run
+	    # lcuseradd which fails if an account already exists
+	    # (to prevent an unscrupulous LONCAPA admin from stealing
+	    # an existing account by overwriting it as a LonCAPA account).
+
+	    if(($oldauth =~/^unix/) && ($umode eq "unix")) {
+		my $result = &change_unix_password($uname, $npass);
+		&logthis("Result of password change for $uname: ".$result);
+		if ($result eq "ok") {
+		    &Reply($client, \$result);
+		} else {
+		    &Failure($client, \$result);
+		}
+	    } else {
+		my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass,$passfilename);
+		#
+		#  If the current auth mode is internal, and the old auth mode was
+		#  unix, or krb*,  and the user is an author for this domain,
+		#  re-run manage_permissions for that role in order to be able
+		#  to take ownership of the construction space back to www:www
+		#
+		
+		
+		if( (($oldauth =~ /^unix/) && ($umode eq "internal")) ||
+		    (($oldauth =~ /^internal/) && ($umode eq "unix")) ) { 
+		    if(&is_author($udom, $uname)) {
+			&Debug(" Need to manage author permissions...");
+			&manage_permissions("/$udom/_au", $udom, $uname, "$umode:");
+		    }
+		}
+		&Reply($client, \$result, $userinput);
+	    }
+	       
+
+	} else {	       
+	    &Failure($client, "non_authorized\n", $userinput); # Fail the user now.
+	}
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("changeuserauth", \&change_authentication_handler, 1,1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Determines if this is the home server for a user.  The home server
+#   for a user will have his/her lon-capa passwd file.  Therefore all we need
+#   to do is determine if this file exists.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+# Implicit inputs:
+#    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
+#    input into the authentication process that are described above.
+#
+sub is_home_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+   
+    my $userinput  = "$cmd:$tail";
+   
+    my ($udom,$uname)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($uname);
+    my $passfile = &password_filename($udom, $uname);
+    if($passfile) {
+	&Reply( $client, "found\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "not_found\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("home", \&is_home_handler, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#   Process an update request for a resource?? I think what's going on here is
+#   that a resource has been modified that we hold a subscription to.
+#   If the resource is not local, then we must update, or at least invalidate our
+#   cached copy of the resource. 
+#   FUTURE WORK:
+#      I need to look at this logic carefully.  My druthers would be to follow
+#      typical caching logic, and simple invalidate the cache, drop any subscription
+#      an let the next fetch start the ball rolling again... however that may
+#      actually be more difficult than it looks given the complex web of
+#      proxy servers.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+# Implicit inputs:
+#    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
+#    input into the authentication process that are described above.
+#
+sub update_resource_handler {
+
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+   
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+   
+    my $fname= $tail;		# This allows interactive testing
+
+
+    my $ownership=ishome($fname);
+    if ($ownership eq 'not_owner') {
+	if (-e $fname) {
+	    my ($dev,$ino,$mode,$nlink,$uid,$gid,$rdev,$size,
+		$atime,$mtime,$ctime,$blksize,$blocks)=stat($fname);
+	    my $now=time;
+	    my $since=$now-$atime;
+	    if ($since>$perlvar{'lonExpire'}) {
+		my $reply=&Apache::lonnet::reply("unsub:$fname","$clientname");
+		&devalidate_meta_cache($fname);
+		unlink("$fname");
+		unlink("$fname.meta");
+	    } else {
+		my $transname="$fname.in.transfer";
+		my $remoteurl=&Apache::lonnet::reply("sub:$fname","$clientname");
+		my $response;
+		alarm(120);
+		{
+		    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+		    my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$remoteurl");
+		    $response=$ua->request($request,$transname);
+		}
+		alarm(0);
+		if ($response->is_error()) {
+		    unlink($transname);
+		    my $message=$response->status_line;
+		    &logthis("LWP GET: $message for $fname ($remoteurl)");
+		} else {
+		    if ($remoteurl!~/\.meta$/) {
+			alarm(120);
+			{
+			    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+			    my $mrequest=new HTTP::Request('GET',$remoteurl.'.meta');
+			    my $mresponse=$ua->request($mrequest,$fname.'.meta');
+			    if ($mresponse->is_error()) {
+				unlink($fname.'.meta');
+			    }
+			}
+			alarm(0);
+		    }
+		    rename($transname,$fname);
+		    &devalidate_meta_cache($fname);
+		}
+	    }
+	    &Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "not_found\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "rejected\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("update", \&update_resource_handler, 0 ,1, 0);
+
+sub devalidate_meta_cache {
+    my ($url) = @_;
+    use Cache::Memcached;
+    my $memcache = new Cache::Memcached({'servers'=>['127.0.0.1:11211']});
+    $url = &Apache::lonnet::declutter($url);
+    $url =~ s-\.meta$--;
+    my $id = &escape('meta:'.$url);
+    $memcache->delete($id);
+}
+
+#
+#   Fetch a user file from a remote server to the user's home directory
+#   userfiles subdir.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#
+sub fetch_user_file_handler {
+
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $fname           = $tail;
+    my ($udom,$uname,$ufile) = ($fname =~ m|^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/(.+)$|);
+    my $udir=&propath($udom,$uname).'/userfiles';
+    unless (-e $udir) {
+	mkdir($udir,0770); 
+    }
+    Debug("fetch user file for $fname");
+    if (-e $udir) {
+	$ufile=~s/^[\.\~]+//;
+
+	# IF necessary, create the path right down to the file.
+	# Note that any regular files in the way of this path are
+	# wiped out to deal with some earlier folly of mine.
+
+	if (!&mkpath($udir.'/'.$ufile)) {
+	    &Failure($client, "unable_to_create\n", $userinput);	    
+	}
+
+	my $destname=$udir.'/'.$ufile;
+	my $transname=$udir.'/'.$ufile.'.in.transit';
+	my $remoteurl='http://'.$clientip.'/userfiles/'.$fname;
+	my $response;
+	Debug("Remote URL : $remoteurl Transfername $transname Destname: $destname");
+	alarm(120);
+	{
+	    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+	    my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$remoteurl");
+	    $response=$ua->request($request,$transname);
+	}
+	alarm(0);
+	if ($response->is_error()) {
+	    unlink($transname);
+	    my $message=$response->status_line;
+	    &logthis("LWP GET: $message for $fname ($remoteurl)");
+	    &Failure($client, "failed\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    Debug("Renaming $transname to $destname");
+	    if (!rename($transname,$destname)) {
+		&logthis("Unable to move $transname to $destname");
+		unlink($transname);
+		&Failure($client, "failed\n", $userinput);
+	    } else {
+		&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    }
+	}   
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "not_home\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("fetchuserfile", \&fetch_user_file_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Remove a file from a user's home directory userfiles subdirectory.
+# Parameters:
+#    cmd   - the Lond request keyword that got us here.
+#    tail  - the part of the command past the keyword.
+#    client- File descriptor connected with the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1    - Continue processing.
+sub remove_user_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my ($fname) = split(/:/, $tail); # Get rid of any tailing :'s lonc may have sent.
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$ufile) = ($fname =~ m|^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/(.+)$|);
+    if ($ufile =~m|/\.\./|) {
+	# any files paths with /../ in them refuse 
+	# to deal with
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    } else {
+	my $udir = &propath($udom,$uname);
+	if (-e $udir) {
+	    my $file=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$ufile;
+	    if (-e $file) {
+		#
+		#   If the file is a regular file unlink is fine...
+		#   However it's possible the client wants a dir.
+		#   removed, in which case rmdir is more approprate:
+		#
+	        if (-f $file){
+		    unlink($file);
+		} elsif(-d $file) {
+		    rmdir($file);
+		}
+		if (-e $file) {
+		    #  File is still there after we deleted it ?!?
+
+		    &Failure($client, "failed\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+		} else {
+		    &Reply($client, "ok\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+		}
+	    } else {
+		&Failure($client, "not_found\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "not_home\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	}
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("removeuserfile", \&remove_user_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#   make a directory in a user's home directory userfiles subdirectory.
+# Parameters:
+#    cmd   - the Lond request keyword that got us here.
+#    tail  - the part of the command past the keyword.
+#    client- File descriptor connected with the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1    - Continue processing.
+sub mkdir_user_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my ($dir) = split(/:/, $tail); # Get rid of any tailing :'s lonc may have sent.
+    $dir=&unescape($dir);
+    my ($udom,$uname,$ufile) = ($dir =~ m|^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/(.+)$|);
+    if ($ufile =~m|/\.\./|) {
+	# any files paths with /../ in them refuse 
+	# to deal with
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    } else {
+	my $udir = &propath($udom,$uname);
+	if (-e $udir) {
+	    my $newdir=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$ufile.'/';
+	    if (!&mkpath($newdir)) {
+		&Failure($client, "failed\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	    }
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "not_home\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	}
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("mkdiruserfile", \&mkdir_user_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#   rename a file in a user's home directory userfiles subdirectory.
+# Parameters:
+#    cmd   - the Lond request keyword that got us here.
+#    tail  - the part of the command past the keyword.
+#    client- File descriptor connected with the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1    - Continue processing.
+sub rename_user_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$old,$new) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    $old=&unescape($old);
+    $new=&unescape($new);
+    if ($new =~m|/\.\./| || $old =~m|/\.\./|) {
+	# any files paths with /../ in them refuse to deal with
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    } else {
+	my $udir = &propath($udom,$uname);
+	if (-e $udir) {
+	    my $oldfile=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$old;
+	    my $newfile=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$new;
+	    if (-e $newfile) {
+		&Failure($client, "exists\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	    } elsif (! -e $oldfile) {
+		&Failure($client, "not_found\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	    } else {
+		if (!rename($oldfile,$newfile)) {
+		    &Failure($client, "failed\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+		} else {
+		    &Reply($client, "ok\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+		}
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "not_home\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	}
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("renameuserfile", \&rename_user_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#  Checks if the specified user has an active session on the server
+#  return ok if so, not_found if not
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   cmd      - The request keyword that dispatched to tus.
+#   tail     - The tail of the request (colon separated parameters).
+#   client   - Filehandle open on the client.
+# Return:
+#    1.
+sub user_has_session_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my ($udom, $uname) = map { &unescape($_) } (split(/:/, $tail));
+    
+    &logthis("Looking for $udom $uname");
+    opendir(DIR,$perlvar{'lonIDsDir'});
+    my $filename;
+    while ($filename=readdir(DIR)) {
+	last if ($filename=~/^\Q$uname\E_\d+_\Q$udom\E_/);
+    }
+    if ($filename) {
+	&Reply($client, "ok\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "not_found\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    }
+    return 1;
+
+}
+&register_handler("userhassession", \&user_has_session_handler, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#  Authenticate access to a user file by checking that the token the user's 
+#  passed also exists in their session file
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   cmd      - The request keyword that dispatched to tus.
+#   tail     - The tail of the request (colon separated parameters).
+#   client   - Filehandle open on the client.
+# Return:
+#    1.
+sub token_auth_user_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my ($fname, $session) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    
+    chomp($session);
+    my $reply="non_auth";
+    my $file = $perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.$session.'.id';
+    if (open(ENVIN,"$file")) {
+	flock(ENVIN,LOCK_SH);
+	tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',"$file",&GDBM_READER(),0640);
+	if (exists($disk_env{"userfile.$fname"})) {
+	    $reply="ok";
+	} else {
+	    foreach my $envname (keys(%disk_env)) {
+		if ($envname=~ m|^userfile\.\Q$fname\E|) {
+		    $reply="ok";
+		    last;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	untie(%disk_env);
+	close(ENVIN);
+	&Reply($client, \$reply, "$cmd:$tail");
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "invalid_token\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    }
+    return 1;
+
+}
+&register_handler("tokenauthuserfile", \&token_auth_user_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#   Unsubscribe from a resource.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#
+sub unsubscribe_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput= "$cmd:$tail";
+    
+    my ($fname) = split(/:/,$tail); # Split in case there's extrs.
+
+    &Debug("Unsubscribing $fname");
+    if (-e $fname) {
+	&Debug("Exists");
+	&Reply($client, &unsub($fname,$clientip), $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "not_found\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("unsub", \&unsubscribe_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Subscribe to a resource
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#
+sub subscribe_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)= @_;
+
+    my $userinput  = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    &Reply( $client, &subscribe($userinput,$clientip), $userinput);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("sub", \&subscribe_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Determine the latest version of a resource (it looks for the highest
+#   past version and then returns that +1)
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#                 (Should consist of an absolute path to a file)
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#
+sub current_version_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput= "$cmd:$tail";
+   
+    my $fname   = $tail;
+    &Reply( $client, &currentversion($fname)."\n", $userinput);
+    return 1;
+
+}
+&register_handler("currentversion", \&current_version_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#  Make an entry in a user's activity log.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#
+sub activity_log_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+
+    my $userinput= "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($what);
+    my $proname=&propath($udom,$uname);
+    my $now=time;
+    my $hfh;
+    if ($hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/activity.log")) { 
+	print $hfh "$now:$clientname:$what\n";
+	&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput); 
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." IO::File->new Failed "
+		 ."while attempting log\n", 
+		 $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("log", \&activity_log_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Put a namespace entry in a user profile hash.
+#   My druthers would be for this to be an encrypted interaction too.
+#   anything that might be an inadvertent covert channel about either
+#   user authentication or user personal information....
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#
+sub put_user_profile_entry {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) =split(/:/,$tail,4);
+    if ($namespace ne 'roles') {
+	chomp($what);
+	my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				  &GDBM_WRCREAT(),"P",$what);
+	if($hashref) {
+	    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+	    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+		my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+		$hashref->{$key}=$value;
+	    }
+	    if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+		&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    } else {
+		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
+			"while attempting put\n", 
+			$userinput);
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting put\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+        &Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("put", \&put_user_profile_entry, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Put a piece of new data in hash, returns error if entry already exists
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#
+sub newput_user_profile_entry {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) =split(/:/,$tail,4);
+    if ($namespace eq 'roles') {
+        &Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+	return 1;
+    }
+
+    chomp($what);
+
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT(),"N",$what);
+    if(!$hashref) {
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		  "while attempting put\n", $userinput);
+	return 1;
+    }
+
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+	if (exists($hashref->{$key})) {
+	    &Failure($client, "key_exists: ".$key."\n",$userinput);
+	    return 1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+	$hashref->{$key}=$value;
+    }
+
+    if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
+		 "while attempting put\n", 
+		 $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("newput", \&newput_user_profile_entry, 0, 1, 0);
+
+# 
+#   Increment a profile entry in the user history file.
+#   The history contains keyword value pairs.  In this case,
+#   The value itself is a pair of numbers.  The first, the current value
+#   the second an increment that this function applies to the current
+#   value.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#
+sub increment_user_value_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    
+    my $userinput   = "$cmd:$tail";
+    
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) =split(/:/,$tail);
+    if ($namespace ne 'roles') {
+        chomp($what);
+	my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname,
+				     $namespace, &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
+				     "P",$what);
+	if ($hashref) {
+	    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+	    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+		my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+                $value = &unescape($value);
+		# We could check that we have a number...
+		if (! defined($value) || $value eq '') {
+		    $value = 1;
+		}
+		$hashref->{$key}+=$value;
+                if ($namespace eq 'nohist_resourcetracker') {
+                    if ($hashref->{$key} < 0) {
+                        $hashref->{$key} = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+	    }
+	    if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+		&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    } else {
+		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
+			 "while attempting inc\n", $userinput);
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting inc\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("inc", \&increment_user_value_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Put a new role for a user.  Roles are LonCAPA's packaging of permissions.
+#   Each 'role' a user has implies a set of permissions.  Adding a new role
+#   for a person grants the permissions packaged with that role
+#   to that user when the role is selected.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd       - The command string (rolesput).
+#    $tail      - The remainder of the request line.  For rolesput this
+#                 consists of a colon separated list that contains:
+#                 The domain and user that is granting the role (logged).
+#                 The domain and user that is getting the role.
+#                 The roles being granted as a set of & separated pairs.
+#                 each pair a key value pair.
+#    $client    - File descriptor connected to the client.
+# Returns:
+#     0         - If the daemon should exit
+#     1         - To continue processing.
+#
+#
+sub roles_put_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput  = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ( $exedom, $exeuser, $udom, $uname,  $what) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    
+
+    my $namespace='roles';
+    chomp($what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "P",
+				 "$exedom:$exeuser:$what");
+    #
+    #  Log the attempt to set a role.  The {}'s here ensure that the file 
+    #  handle is open for the minimal amount of time.  Since the flush
+    #  is done on close this improves the chances the log will be an un-
+    #  corrupted ordered thing.
+    if ($hashref) {
+	my $pass_entry = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname);
+	my ($auth_type,$pwd)  = split(/:/, $pass_entry);
+	$auth_type = $auth_type.":";
+	my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+	foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+	    &manage_permissions($key, $udom, $uname,
+			       $auth_type);
+	    $hashref->{$key}=$value;
+	}
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting rolesput\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		 "while attempting rolesput\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("rolesput", \&roles_put_handler, 1,1,0);  # Encoded client only.
+
+#
+#   Deletes (removes) a role for a user.   This is equivalent to removing
+#  a permissions package associated with the role from the user's profile.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#     $cmd                 - The command (rolesdel)
+#     $tail                - The remainder of the request line. This consists
+#                             of:
+#                             The domain and user requesting the change (logged)
+#                             The domain and user being changed.
+#                             The roles being revoked.  These are shipped to us
+#                             as a bunch of & separated role name keywords.
+#     $client              - The file handle open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#     1                    - Continue processing
+#     0                    - Exit.
+#
+sub roles_delete_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
+
+    my $userinput    = "$cmd:$tail";
+   
+    my ($exedom,$exeuser,$udom,$uname,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    &Debug("cmd = ".$cmd." exedom= ".$exedom."user = ".$exeuser." udom=".$udom.
+	   "what = ".$what);
+    my $namespace='roles';
+    chomp($what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "D",
+				 "$exedom:$exeuser:$what");
+    
+    if ($hashref) {
+	my @rolekeys=split(/\&/,$what);
+	
+	foreach my $key (@rolekeys) {
+	    delete $hashref->{$key};
+	}
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting rolesdel\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+        &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		 "while attempting rolesdel\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("rolesdel", \&roles_delete_handler, 1,1, 0); # Encoded client only
+
+# Unencrypted get from a user's profile database.  See 
+# GetProfileEntryEncrypted for a version that does end-to-end encryption.
+# This function retrieves a keyed item from a specific named database in the
+# user's directory.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   $cmd             - Command request keyword (get).
+#   $tail            - Tail of the command.  This is a colon separated list
+#                      consisting of the domain and username that uniquely
+#                      identifies the profile,
+#                      The 'namespace' which selects the gdbm file to 
+#                      do the lookup in, 
+#                      & separated list of keys to lookup.  Note that
+#                      the values are returned as an & separated list too.
+#   $client          - File descriptor open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#   1       - Continue processing.
+#   0       - Exit.
+#
+sub get_profile_entry {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput= "$cmd:$tail";
+   
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($what);
+
+
+    my $replystring = read_profile($udom, $uname, $namespace, $what);
+    my ($first) = split(/:/,$replystring);
+    if($first ne "error") {
+	&Reply($client, \$replystring, $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, $replystring." while attempting get\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+
+
+}
+&register_handler("get", \&get_profile_entry, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#  Process the encrypted get request.  Note that the request is sent
+#  in clear, but the reply is encrypted.  This is a small covert channel:
+#  information about the sensitive keys is given to the snooper.  Just not
+#  information about the values of the sensitive key.  Hmm if I wanted to
+#  know these I'd snoop for the egets. Get the profile item names from them
+#  and then issue a get for them since there's no enforcement of the
+#  requirement of an encrypted get for particular profile items.  If I
+#  were re-doing this, I'd force the request to be encrypted as well as the
+#  reply.  I'd also just enforce encrypted transactions for all gets since
+#  that would prevent any covert channel snooping.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#     $cmd               - Command keyword of request (eget).
+#     $tail              - Tail of the command.  See GetProfileEntry
#                          for more information about this.
+#     $client            - File open on the client.
+#  Returns:
+#     1      - Continue processing
+#     0      - server should exit.
+sub get_profile_entry_encrypted {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+   
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($what);
+    my $qresult = read_profile($udom, $uname, $namespace, $what);
+    my ($first) = split(/:/, $qresult);
+    if($first ne "error") {
+	
+	if ($cipher) {
+	    my $cmdlength=length($qresult);
+	    $qresult.="         ";
+	    my $encqresult='';
+	    for(my $encidx=0;$encidx<=$cmdlength;$encidx+=8) {
+		$encqresult.= unpack("H16", 
+				     $cipher->encrypt(substr($qresult,
+							     $encidx,
+							     8)));
+	    }
+	    &Reply( $client, "enc:$cmdlength:$encqresult\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+		&Failure( $client, "error:no_key\n", $userinput);
+	    }
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "$qresult while attempting eget\n", $userinput);
+
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("eget", \&get_profile_entry_encrypted, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Deletes a key in a user profile database.
+#   
+#   Parameters:
+#       $cmd                  - Command keyword (del).
+#       $tail                 - Command tail.  IN this case a colon
+#                               separated list containing:
+#                               The domain and user that identifies uniquely
+#                               the identity of the user.
+#                               The profile namespace (name of the profile
+#                               database file).
+#                               & separated list of keywords to delete.
+#       $client              - File open on client socket.
+# Returns:
+#     1   - Continue processing
+#     0   - Exit server.
+#
+#
+sub delete_profile_entry {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
+				 "D",$what);
+    if ($hashref) {
+        my @keys=split(/\&/,$what);
+	foreach my $key (@keys) {
+	    delete($hashref->{$key});
+	}
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		    "while attempting del\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		 "while attempting del\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("del", \&delete_profile_entry, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#  List the set of keys that are defined in a profile database file.
+#  A successful reply from this will contain an & separated list of
+#  the keys. 
+# Parameters:
+#     $cmd              - Command request (keys).
+#     $tail             - Remainder of the request, a colon separated
+#                         list containing domain/user that identifies the
+#                         user being queried, and the database namespace
+#                         (database filename essentially).
+#     $client           - File open on the client.
+#  Returns:
+#    1    - Continue processing.
+#    0    - Exit the server.
+#
+sub get_profile_keys {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    my $qresult='';
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				  &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	foreach my $key (keys %$hashref) {
+	    $qresult.="$key&";
+	}
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
+	    &Reply($client, \$qresult, $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		    "while attempting keys\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		 "while attempting keys\n", $userinput);
+    }
+   
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("keys", \&get_profile_keys, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Dump the contents of a user profile database.
+#   Note that this constitutes a very large covert channel too since
+#   the dump will return sensitive information that is not encrypted.
+#   The naive security assumption is that the session negotiation ensures
+#   our client is trusted and I don't believe that's assured at present.
+#   Sure want badly to go to ssl or tls.  Of course if my peer isn't really
+#   a LonCAPA node they could have negotiated an encryption key too so >sigh<.
+# 
+#  Parameters:
+#     $cmd           - The command request keyword (currentdump).
+#     $tail          - Remainder of the request, consisting of a colon
+#                      separated list that has the domain/username and
+#                      the namespace to dump (database file).
+#     $client        - file open on the remote client.
+# Returns:
+#     1    - Continue processing.
+#     0    - Exit the server.
+#
+sub dump_profile_database {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+   
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	# Structure of %data:
+	# $data{$symb}->{$parameter}=$value;
+	# $data{$symb}->{'v.'.$parameter}=$version;
+	# since $parameter will be unescaped, we do not
+ 	# have to worry about silly parameter names...
+	
+        my $qresult='';
+	my %data = ();                     # A hash of anonymous hashes..
+	while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
+	    my ($v,$symb,$param) = split(/:/,$key);
+	    next if ($v eq 'version' || $symb eq 'keys');
+	    next if (exists($data{$symb}) && 
+		     exists($data{$symb}->{$param}) &&
+		     $data{$symb}->{'v.'.$param} > $v);
+	    $data{$symb}->{$param}=$value;
+	    $data{$symb}->{'v.'.$param}=$v;
+	}
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	    while (my ($symb,$param_hash) = each(%data)) {
+		while(my ($param,$value) = each (%$param_hash)){
+		    next if ($param =~ /^v\./);       # Ignore versions...
+		    #
+		    #   Just dump the symb=value pairs separated by &
+		    #
+		    $qresult.=$symb.':'.$param.'='.$value.'&';
+		}
+	    }
+	    chop($qresult);
+	    &Reply($client , \$qresult, $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting currentdump\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		"while attempting currentdump\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("currentdump", \&dump_profile_database, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Dump a profile database with an optional regular expression
+#   to match against the keys.  In this dump, no effort is made
+#   to separate symb from version information. Presumably the
+#   databases that are dumped by this command are of a different
+#   structure.  Need to look at this and improve the documentation of
+#   both this and the currentdump handler.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd                     - The command keyword.
+#    $tail                    - All of the characters after the $cmd:
+#                               These are expected to be a colon
+#                               separated list containing:
+#                               domain/user - identifying the user.
+#                               namespace   - identifying the database.
+#                               regexp      - optional regular expression
+#                                             that is matched against
+#                                             database keywords to do
+#                                             selective dumps.
+#   $client                   - Channel open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1    - Continue processing.
+# Side effects:
+#    response is written to $client.
+#
+sub dump_with_regexp {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$regexp,$range)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    if (defined($regexp)) {
+	$regexp=&unescape($regexp);
+    } else {
+	$regexp='.';
+    }
+    my ($start,$end);
+    if (defined($range)) {
+	if ($range =~/^(\d+)\-(\d+)$/) {
+	    ($start,$end) = ($1,$2);
+	} elsif ($range =~/^(\d+)$/) {
+	    ($start,$end) = (0,$1);
+	} else {
+	    undef($range);
+	}
+    }
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        my $qresult='';
+	my $count=0;
+	while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
+	    if ($regexp eq '.') {
+		$count++;
+		if (defined($range) && $count >= $end)   { last; }
+		if (defined($range) && $count <  $start) { next; }
+		$qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
+	    } else {
+		my $unescapeKey = &unescape($key);
+		if (eval('$unescapeKey=~/$regexp/')) {
+		    $count++;
+		    if (defined($range) && $count >= $end)   { last; }
+		    if (defined($range) && $count <  $start) { next; }
+		    $qresult.="$key=$value&";
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	    chop($qresult);
+	    &Reply($client, \$qresult, $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting dump\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		"while attempting dump\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("dump", \&dump_with_regexp, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#  Store a set of key=value pairs associated with a versioned name.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#    $cmd                - Request command keyword.
+#    $tail               - Tail of the request.  This is a colon
+#                          separated list containing:
+#                          domain/user - User and authentication domain.
+#                          namespace   - Name of the database being modified
+#                          rid         - Resource keyword to modify.
+#                          what        - new value associated with rid.
+#
+#    $client             - Socket open on the client.
+#
+#
+#  Returns:
+#      1 (keep on processing).
+#  Side-Effects:
+#    Writes to the client
+sub store_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+ 
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$rid,$what) =split(/:/,$tail);
+    if ($namespace ne 'roles') {
+
+	chomp($what);
+	my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+	my $hashref  = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				       &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "S",
+				       "$rid:$what");
+	if ($hashref) {
+	    my $now = time;
+	    my @previouskeys=split(/&/,$hashref->{"keys:$rid"});
+	    my $key;
+	    $hashref->{"version:$rid"}++;
+	    my $version=$hashref->{"version:$rid"};
+	    my $allkeys=''; 
+	    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+		my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+		$allkeys.=$key.':';
+		$hashref->{"$version:$rid:$key"}=$value;
+	    }
+	    $hashref->{"$version:$rid:timestamp"}=$now;
+	    $allkeys.='timestamp';
+	    $hashref->{"$version:keys:$rid"}=$allkeys;
+	    if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+		&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    } else {
+		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+			"while attempting store\n", $userinput);
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting store\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("store", \&store_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#  Modify a set of key=value pairs associated with a versioned name.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#    $cmd                - Request command keyword.
+#    $tail               - Tail of the request.  This is a colon
+#                          separated list containing:
+#                          domain/user - User and authentication domain.
+#                          namespace   - Name of the database being modified
+#                          rid         - Resource keyword to modify.
+#                          v           - Version item to modify
+#                          what        - new value associated with rid.
+#
+#    $client             - Socket open on the client.
+#
+#
+#  Returns:
+#      1 (keep on processing).
+#  Side-Effects:
+#    Writes to the client
+sub putstore_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+ 
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$rid,$v,$what) =split(/:/,$tail);
+    if ($namespace ne 'roles') {
+
+	chomp($what);
+	my $hashref  = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				       &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "M",
+				       "$rid:$v:$what");
+	if ($hashref) {
+	    my $now = time;
+	    my %data = &hash_extract($what);
+	    my @allkeys;
+	    while (my($key,$value) = each(%data)) {
+		push(@allkeys,$key);
+		$hashref->{"$v:$rid:$key"} = $value;
+	    }
+	    my $allkeys = join(':',@allkeys);
+	    $hashref->{"$v:keys:$rid"}=$allkeys;
+
+	    if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+		&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    } else {
+		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+			"while attempting store\n", $userinput);
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting store\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("putstore", \&putstore_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub hash_extract {
+    my ($str)=@_;
+    my %hash;
+    foreach my $pair (split(/\&/,$str)) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+	$hash{$key}=$value;
+    }
+    return (%hash);
+}
+sub hash_to_str {
+    my ($hash_ref)=@_;
+    my $str;
+    foreach my $key (keys(%$hash_ref)) {
+	$str.=$key.'='.$hash_ref->{$key}.'&';
+    }
+    $str=~s/\&$//;
+    return $str;
+}
+
+#
+#  Dump out all versions of a resource that has key=value pairs associated
+# with it for each version.  These resources are built up via the store
+# command.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#     $cmd               - Command keyword.
+#     $tail              - Remainder of the request which consists of:
+#                          domain/user   - User and auth. domain.
+#                          namespace     - name of resource database.
+#                          rid           - Resource id.
+#    $client             - socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#      1  indicating the caller should not yet exit.
+# Side-effects:
+#   Writes a reply to the client.
+#   The reply is a string of the following shape:
+#   version=current&version:keys=k1:k2...&1:k1=v1&1:k2=v2...
+#    Where the 1 above represents version 1.
+#    this continues for all pairs of keys in all versions.
+#
+#
+#    
+#
+sub restore_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";	# Only used for logging purposes.
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$rid) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
+    $namespace = &LONCAPA::clean_username($namespace);
+
+    chomp($rid);
+    my $qresult='';
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace, &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	my $version=$hashref->{"version:$rid"};
+	$qresult.="version=$version&";
+	my $scope;
+	for ($scope=1;$scope<=$version;$scope++) {
+	    my $vkeys=$hashref->{"$scope:keys:$rid"};
+	    my @keys=split(/:/,$vkeys);
+	    my $key;
+	    $qresult.="$scope:keys=$vkeys&";
+	    foreach $key (@keys) {
+		$qresult.="$scope:$key=".$hashref->{"$scope:$rid:$key"}."&";
+	    }                                  
+	}
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
+	    &Reply( $client, \$qresult, $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		    "while attempting restore\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		"while attempting restore\n", $userinput);
+    }
+  
+    return 1;
+
+
+}
+&register_handler("restore", \&restore_handler, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#   Add a chat message to a synchronous discussion board.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd                - Request keyword.
+#    $tail               - Tail of the command. A colon separated list
+#                          containing:
+#                          cdom    - Domain on which the chat board lives
+#                          cnum    - Course containing the chat board.
+#                          newpost - Body of the posting.
+#                          group   - Optional group, if chat board is only 
+#                                    accessible in a group within the course 
+#   $client              - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#   1    - Indicating caller should keep on processing.
+#
+# Side-effects:
+#   writes a reply to the client.
+#
+#
+sub send_chat_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$newpost,$group)=split(/\:/,$tail);
+    &chat_add($cdom,$cnum,$newpost,$group);
+    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("chatsend", \&send_chat_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Retrieve the set of chat messages from a discussion board.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#    $cmd             - Command keyword that initiated the request.
+#    $tail            - Remainder of the request after the command
+#                       keyword.  In this case a colon separated list of
+#                       chat domain    - Which discussion board.
+#                       chat id        - Discussion thread(?)
+#                       domain/user    - Authentication domain and username
+#                                        of the requesting person.
+#                       group          - Optional course group containing
+#                                        the board.      
+#   $client           - Socket open on the client program.
+# Returns:
+#    1     - continue processing
+# Side effects:
+#    Response is written to the client.
+#
+sub retrieve_chat_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname,$group)=split(/\:/,$tail);
+    my $reply='';
+    foreach (&get_chat($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname,$group)) {
+	$reply.=&escape($_).':';
+    }
+    $reply=~s/\:$//;
+    &Reply($client, \$reply, $userinput);
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("chatretr", \&retrieve_chat_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#  Initiate a query of an sql database.  SQL query repsonses get put in
+#  a file for later retrieval.  This prevents sql query results from
+#  bottlenecking the system.  Note that with loncnew, perhaps this is
+#  less of an issue since multiple outstanding requests can be concurrently
+#  serviced.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#     $cmd       - COmmand keyword that initiated the request.
+#     $tail      - Remainder of the command after the keyword.
+#                  For this function, this consists of a query and
+#                  3 arguments that are self-documentingly labelled
+#                  in the original arg1, arg2, arg3.
+#     $client    - Socket open on the client.
+# Return:
+#    1   - Indicating processing should continue.
+# Side-effects:
+#    a reply is written to $client.
+#
+sub send_query_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($query,$arg1,$arg2,$arg3)=split(/\:/,$tail);
+    $query=~s/\n*$//g;
+    &Reply($client, "". &sql_reply("$clientname\&$query".
+				"\&$arg1"."\&$arg2"."\&$arg3")."\n",
+	  $userinput);
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("querysend", \&send_query_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Add a reply to an sql query.  SQL queries are done asyncrhonously.
+#   The query is submitted via a "querysend" transaction.
+#   There it is passed on to the lonsql daemon, queued and issued to
+#   mysql.
+#     This transaction is invoked when the sql transaction is complete
+#   it stores the query results in flie and indicates query completion.
+#   presumably local software then fetches this response... I'm guessing
+#   the sequence is: lonc does a querysend, we ask lonsql to do it.
+#   lonsql on completion of the query interacts with the lond of our
+#   client to do a query reply storing two files:
+#    - id     - The results of the query.
+#    - id.end - Indicating the transaction completed. 
+#    NOTE: id is a unique id assigned to the query and querysend time.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - Command keyword that initiated this request.
+#    $tail       - Remainder of the tail.  In this case that's a colon
+#                  separated list containing the query Id and the 
+#                  results of the query.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Return:
+#    1           - Indicating that we should continue processing.
+# Side effects:
+#    ok written to the client.
+#
+sub reply_query_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($id,$reply)=split(/:/,$tail); 
+    my $store;
+    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+    if ($store=IO::File->new(">$execdir/tmp/$id")) {
+	$reply=~s/\&/\n/g;
+	print $store $reply;
+	close $store;
+	my $store2=IO::File->new(">$execdir/tmp/$id.end");
+	print $store2 "done\n";
+	close $store2;
+	&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)
+		." IO::File->new Failed ".
+		"while attempting queryreply\n", $userinput);
+    }
+ 
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("queryreply", \&reply_query_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#  Process the courseidput request.  Not quite sure what this means
+#  at the system level sense.  It appears a gdbm file in the 
+#  /home/httpd/lonUsers/$domain/nohist_courseids is tied and
+#  a set of entries made in that database.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   $cmd      - The command keyword that initiated this request.
+#   $tail     - Tail of the command.  In this case consists of a colon
+#               separated list contaning the domain to apply this to and
+#               an ampersand separated list of keyword=value pairs.
+#               Each value is a colon separated list that includes:  
+#               description, institutional code and course owner.
+#               For backward compatibility with versions included
+#               in LON-CAPA 1.1.X (and earlier) and 1.2.X, institutional
+#               code and/or course owner are preserved from the existing 
+#               record when writing a new record in response to 1.1 or 
+#               1.2 implementations of lonnet::flushcourselogs().   
+#                      
+#   $client   - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#   1    - indicating that processing should continue
+#
+# Side effects:
+#   reply is written to the client.
+#
+sub put_course_id_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom, $what) = split(/:/, $tail,2);
+    chomp($what);
+    my $now=time;
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+            my ($key,$courseinfo) = split(/=/,$pair,2);
+            $courseinfo =~ s/=/:/g;
+            if (defined($hashref->{$key})) {
+                my $value = &Apache::lonnet::thaw_unescape($hashref->{$key});
+                if (ref($value) eq 'HASH') {
+                    my @items = ('description','inst_code','owner','type');
+                    my @new_items = split(/:/,$courseinfo,-1);
+                    my %storehash; 
+                    for (my $i=0; $i<@new_items; $i++) {
+                        $storehash{$items[$i]} = &unescape($new_items[$i]);
+                    }
+                    $hashref->{$key} = 
+                        &Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape(\%storehash);
+                    my $unesc_key = &unescape($key);
+                    $hashref->{&escape('lasttime:'.$unesc_key)} = $now;
+                    next;
+                }
+            }
+            my @current_items = split(/:/,$hashref->{$key},-1);
+            shift(@current_items); # remove description
+            pop(@current_items);   # remove last access
+            my $numcurrent = scalar(@current_items);
+            if ($numcurrent > 3) {
+                $numcurrent = 3;
+            }
+            my @new_items = split(/:/,$courseinfo,-1);
+            my $numnew = scalar(@new_items);
+            if ($numcurrent > 0) {
+                if ($numnew <= $numcurrent) { # flushcourselogs() from pre 2.2 
+                    for (my $j=$numcurrent-$numnew; $j>=0; $j--) {
+                        $courseinfo .= ':'.$current_items[$numcurrent-$j-1];
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            $hashref->{$key}=$courseinfo.':'.$now;
+	}
+	if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+	    &Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)
+		     ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting courseidput\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)
+		 ." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		 "while attempting courseidput\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("courseidput", \&put_course_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub put_course_id_hash_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($udom,$mode,$what) = split(/:/, $tail,3);
+    chomp($what);
+    my $now=time;
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+            my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+            my $unesc_key = &unescape($key);
+            if ($mode ne 'timeonly') {
+                if (!defined($hashref->{&escape('lasttime:'.$unesc_key)})) {
+                    my $curritems = &Apache::lonnet::thaw_unescape($key); 
+                    if (ref($curritems) ne 'HASH') {
+                        my @current_items = split(/:/,$hashref->{$key},-1);
+                        my $lasttime = pop(@current_items);
+                        $hashref->{&escape('lasttime:'.$unesc_key)} = $lasttime;
+                    } else {
+                        $hashref->{&escape('lasttime:'.$unesc_key)} = '';
+                    }
+                } 
+                $hashref->{$key} = $value;
+            }
+            if ($mode ne 'notime') {
+                $hashref->{&escape('lasttime:'.$unesc_key)} = $now;
+            }
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                     "while attempting courseidputhash\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                  "while attempting courseidputhash\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("courseidputhash", \&put_course_id_hash_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#  Retrieves the value of a course id resource keyword pattern
+#  defined since a starting date.  Both the starting date and the
+#  keyword pattern are optional.  If the starting date is not supplied it
+#  is treated as the beginning of time.  If the pattern is not found,
+#  it is treatred as "." matching everything.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#     $cmd     - Command keyword that resulted in us being dispatched.
+#     $tail    - The remainder of the command that, in this case, consists
+#                of a colon separated list of:
+#                 domain   - The domain in which the course database is 
+#                            defined.
+#                 since    - Optional parameter describing the minimum
+#                            time of definition(?) of the resources that
+#                            will match the dump.
+#                 description - regular expression that is used to filter
+#                            the dump.  Only keywords matching this regexp
+#                            will be used.
+#                 institutional code - optional supplied code to filter 
+#                            the dump. Only courses with an institutional code 
+#                            that match the supplied code will be returned.
+#                 owner    - optional supplied username and domain of owner to
+#                            filter the dump.  Only courses for which the course
+#                            owner matches the supplied username and/or domain
+#                            will be returned. Pre-2.2.0 legacy entries from 
+#                            nohist_courseiddump will only contain usernames.
+#                 type     - optional parameter for selection 
+#                 regexp_ok - if true, allow the supplied institutional code
+#                            filter to behave as a regular expression.  
+#                 rtn_as_hash - whether to return the information available for
+#                            each matched item as a frozen hash of all 
+#                            key, value pairs in the item's hash, or as a 
+#                            colon-separated list of (in order) description,
+#                            institutional code, and course owner.
+#    
+#     $client  - The socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1     - Continue processing.
+# Side Effects:
+#   a reply is written to $client.
+sub dump_course_id_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$since,$description,$instcodefilter,$ownerfilter,$coursefilter,
+        $typefilter,$regexp_ok,$rtn_as_hash,$selfenrollonly) =split(/:/,$tail);
+    my $now = time;
+    if (defined($description)) {
+	$description=&unescape($description);
+    } else {
+	$description='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($instcodefilter)) {
+        $instcodefilter=&unescape($instcodefilter);
+    } else {
+        $instcodefilter='.';
+    }
+    my ($ownerunamefilter,$ownerdomfilter);
+    if (defined($ownerfilter)) {
+        $ownerfilter=&unescape($ownerfilter);
+        if ($ownerfilter ne '.' && defined($ownerfilter)) {
+            if ($ownerfilter =~ /^([^:]*):([^:]*)$/) {
+                 $ownerunamefilter = $1;
+                 $ownerdomfilter = $2;
+            } else {
+                $ownerunamefilter = $ownerfilter;
+                $ownerdomfilter = '';
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        $ownerfilter='.';
+    }
+
+    if (defined($coursefilter)) {
+        $coursefilter=&unescape($coursefilter);
+    } else {
+        $coursefilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($typefilter)) {
+        $typefilter=&unescape($typefilter);
+    } else {
+        $typefilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($regexp_ok)) {
+        $regexp_ok=&unescape($regexp_ok);
+    }
+    my $unpack = 1;
+    if ($description eq '.' && $instcodefilter eq '.' && $coursefilter eq '.' && 
+        $typefilter eq '.') {
+        $unpack = 0;
+    }
+    if (!defined($since)) { $since=0; }
+    my $qresult='';
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
+            my ($unesc_key,$lasttime_key,$lasttime,$is_hash,%val,
+                %unesc_val,$selfenroll_end,$selfenroll_types);
+            $unesc_key = &unescape($key);
+            if ($unesc_key =~ /^lasttime:/) {
+                next;
+            } else {
+                $lasttime_key = &escape('lasttime:'.$unesc_key);
+            }
+            if ($hashref->{$lasttime_key} ne '') {
+                $lasttime = $hashref->{$lasttime_key};
+                next if ($lasttime<$since);
+            }
+            my $items = &Apache::lonnet::thaw_unescape($value);
+            if (ref($items) eq 'HASH') {
+                $is_hash =  1;
+                if ($unpack || !$rtn_as_hash) {
+                    $unesc_val{'descr'} = $items->{'description'};
+                    $unesc_val{'inst_code'} = $items->{'inst_code'};
+                    $unesc_val{'owner'} = $items->{'owner'};
+                    $unesc_val{'type'} = $items->{'type'};
+                    $selfenroll_types = $items->{'selfenroll_types'};
+                    $selfenroll_end = $items->{'selfenroll_end_date'};
+                    if ($selfenrollonly) {
+                        next if (!$selfenroll_types);
+                        if (($selfenroll_end > 0) && ($selfenroll_end <= $now)) {
+                            next;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                $is_hash =  0;
+                my @courseitems = split(/:/,$value);
+                $lasttime = pop(@courseitems);
+                next if ($lasttime<$since);
+	        ($val{'descr'},$val{'inst_code'},$val{'owner'},$val{'type'}) = @courseitems;
+            }
+            my $match = 1;
+	    if ($description ne '.') {
+                if (!$is_hash) {
+                    $unesc_val{'descr'} = &unescape($val{'descr'});
+                }
+                if (eval{$unesc_val{'descr'} !~ /\Q$description\E/i}) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($instcodefilter ne '.') {
+                if (!$is_hash) {
+                    $unesc_val{'inst_code'} = &unescape($val{'inst_code'});
+                }
+                if ($regexp_ok) {
+                    if (eval{$unesc_val{'inst_code'} !~ /$instcodefilter/}) {
+                        $match = 0;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if (eval{$unesc_val{'inst_code'} !~ /\Q$instcodefilter\E/i}) {
+                        $match = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+	    }
+            if ($ownerfilter ne '.') {
+                if (!$is_hash) {
+                    $unesc_val{'owner'} = &unescape($val{'owner'});
+                }
+                if (($ownerunamefilter ne '') && ($ownerdomfilter ne '')) {
+                    if ($unesc_val{'owner'} =~ /:/) {
+                        if (eval{$unesc_val{'owner'} !~ 
+                             /\Q$ownerunamefilter\E:\Q$ownerdomfilter\E$/i}) {
+                            $match = 0;
+                        } 
+                    } else {
+                        if (eval{$unesc_val{'owner'} !~ /\Q$ownerunamefilter\E/i}) {
+                            $match = 0;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif ($ownerunamefilter ne '') {
+                    if ($unesc_val{'owner'} =~ /:/) {
+                        if (eval{$unesc_val{'owner'} !~ /\Q$ownerunamefilter\E:[^:]+$/i}) {
+                             $match = 0;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        if (eval{$unesc_val{'owner'} !~ /\Q$ownerunamefilter\E/i}) {
+                            $match = 0;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif ($ownerdomfilter ne '') {
+                    if ($unesc_val{'owner'} =~ /:/) {
+                        if (eval{$unesc_val{'owner'} !~ /^[^:]+:\Q$ownerdomfilter\E/}) {
+                             $match = 0;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        if ($ownerdomfilter ne $udom) {
+                            $match = 0;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($coursefilter ne '.') {
+                if (eval{$unesc_key !~ /^$udom(_)\Q$coursefilter\E$/}) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($typefilter ne '.') {
+                if (!$is_hash) {
+                    $unesc_val{'type'} = &unescape($val{'type'});
+                }
+                if ($unesc_val{'type'} eq '') {
+                    if ($typefilter ne 'Course') {
+                        $match = 0;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if (eval{$unesc_val{'type'} !~ /^\Q$typefilter\E$/}) {
+                        $match = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($match == 1) {
+                if ($rtn_as_hash) {
+                    if ($is_hash) {
+                        $qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
+                    } else {
+                        my %rtnhash = ( 'description' => &unescape($val{'descr'}),
+                                        'inst_code' => &unescape($val{'inst_code'}),
+                                        'owner'     => &unescape($val{'owner'}),
+                                        'type'      => &unescape($val{'type'}),
+                                      );
+                        my $items = &Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape(\%rtnhash);
+                        $qresult.=$key.'='.$items.'&';
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if ($is_hash) {
+                        $qresult .= $key.'='.&escape($unesc_val{'descr'}).':'.
+                                    &escape($unesc_val{'inst_code'}).':'.
+                                    &escape($unesc_val{'owner'}).'&';
+                    } else {
+                        $qresult .= $key.'='.$val{'descr'}.':'.$val{'inst_code'}.
+                                    ':'.$val{'owner'}.'&';
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+	}
+	if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+	    chop($qresult);
+	    &Reply($client, \$qresult, $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		    "while attempting courseiddump\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		"while attempting courseiddump\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("courseiddump", \&dump_course_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# Puts an unencrypted entry in a namespace db file at the domain level 
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#  Side effects:
+#     reply is written to $client.
+#
+sub put_domain_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$namespace,$what) =split(/:/,$tail,3);
+    chomp($what);
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "$namespace", &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
+                                   "P", $what);
+    if ($hashref) {
+        foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+            my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+            $hashref->{$key}=$value;
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                     "while attempting putdom\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                  "while attempting putdom\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("putdom", \&put_domain_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+# Unencrypted get from the namespace database file at the domain level.
+# This function retrieves a keyed item from a specific named database in the
+# domain directory.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   $cmd             - Command request keyword (get).
+#   $tail            - Tail of the command.  This is a colon separated list
+#                      consisting of the domain and the 'namespace' 
+#                      which selects the gdbm file to do the lookup in,
+#                      & separated list of keys to lookup.  Note that
+#                      the values are returned as an & separated list too.
+#   $client          - File descriptor open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#   1       - Continue processing.
+#   0       - Exit.
+#  Side effects:
+#     reply is written to $client.
+#
+
+sub get_domain_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$client:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$namespace,$what)=split(/:/,$tail,3);
+    chomp($what);
+    my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
+    my $qresult='';
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "$namespace", &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
+            $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            $qresult=~s/\&$//;
+            &Reply($client, \$qresult, $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                      "while attempting getdom\n",$userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                 "while attempting getdom\n",$userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("getdom", \&get_domain_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+
+#
+#  Puts an id to a domains id database. 
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#   $cmd     - The command that triggered us.
+#   $tail    - Remainder of the request other than the command. This is a 
+#              colon separated list containing:
+#              $domain  - The domain for which we are writing the id.
+#              $pairs  - The id info to write... this is and & separated list
+#                        of keyword=value.
+#   $client  - Socket open on the client.
+#  Returns:
+#    1   - Continue processing.
+#  Side effects:
+#     reply is written to $client.
+#
+sub put_id_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($what);
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "ids", &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
+				   "P", $what);
+    if ($hashref) {
+	foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+	    $hashref->{$key}=$value;
+	}
+	if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting idput\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		  "while attempting idput\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("idput", \&put_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#  Retrieves a set of id values from the id database.
+#  Returns an & separated list of results, one for each requested id to the
+#  client.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   $cmd       - Command keyword that caused us to be dispatched.
+#   $tail      - Tail of the command.  Consists of a colon separated:
+#               domain - the domain whose id table we dump
+#               ids      Consists of an & separated list of
+#                        id keywords whose values will be fetched.
+#                        nonexisting keywords will have an empty value.
+#   $client    - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1 - indicating processing should continue.
+# Side effects:
+#   An & separated list of results is written to $client.
+#
+sub get_id_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    
+    my $userinput = "$client:$tail";
+    
+    my ($udom,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($what);
+    my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
+    my $qresult='';
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "ids", &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
+	    $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";
+	}
+	if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
+	    &Reply($client, \$qresult, $userinput);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		      "while attempting idget\n",$userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		 "while attempting idget\n",$userinput);
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("idget", \&get_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# Puts broadcast e-mail sent by Domain Coordinator in nohist_dcmail database 
+#
+# Parameters
+#   $cmd       - Command keyword that caused us to be dispatched.
+#   $tail      - Tail of the command.  Consists of a colon separated:
+#               domain - the domain whose dcmail we are recording
+#               email    Consists of key=value pair 
+#                        where key is unique msgid
+#                        and value is message (in XML)
+#   $client    - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1 - indicating processing should continue.
+# Side effects
+#     reply is written to $client.
+#
+sub put_dcmail_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+                                                                                
+    my ($udom,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_dcmail", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$what);
+        $hashref->{$key}=$value;
+    }
+    if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+        &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                 "while attempting dcmailput\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("dcmailput", \&put_dcmail_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# Retrieves broadcast e-mail from nohist_dcmail database
+# Returns to client an & separated list of key=value pairs,
+# where key is msgid and value is message information.
+#
+# Parameters
+#   $cmd       - Command keyword that caused us to be dispatched.
+#   $tail      - Tail of the command.  Consists of a colon separated:
+#               domain - the domain whose dcmail table we dump
+#               startfilter - beginning of time window 
+#               endfilter - end of time window
+#               sendersfilter - & separated list of username:domain 
+#                 for senders to search for.
+#   $client    - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1 - indicating processing should continue.
+# Side effects
+#     reply (& separated list of msgid=messageinfo pairs) is 
+#     written to $client.
+#
+sub dump_dcmail_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+                                                                                
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($udom,$startfilter,$endfilter,$sendersfilter) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($sendersfilter);
+    my @senders = ();
+    if (defined($startfilter)) {
+        $startfilter=&unescape($startfilter);
+    } else {
+        $startfilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($endfilter)) {
+        $endfilter=&unescape($endfilter);
+    } else {
+        $endfilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($sendersfilter)) {
+        $sendersfilter=&unescape($sendersfilter);
+	@senders = map { &unescape($_) } split(/\&/,$sendersfilter);
+    }
+
+    my $qresult='';
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_dcmail", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
+            my $match = 1;
+            my ($timestamp,$subj,$uname,$udom) = 
+		split(/:/,&unescape(&unescape($key)),5); # yes, twice really
+            $subj = &unescape($subj);
+            unless ($startfilter eq '.' || !defined($startfilter)) {
+                if ($timestamp < $startfilter) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($endfilter eq '.' || !defined($endfilter)) {
+                if ($timestamp > $endfilter) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            unless (@senders < 1) {
+                unless (grep/^$uname:$udom$/,@senders) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($match == 1) {
+                $qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
+            }
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            chop($qresult);
+            &Reply($client, \$qresult, $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                    "while attempting dcmaildump\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                "while attempting dcmaildump\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+&register_handler("dcmaildump", \&dump_dcmail_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# Puts domain roles in nohist_domainroles database
+#
+# Parameters
+#   $cmd       - Command keyword that caused us to be dispatched.
+#   $tail      - Tail of the command.  Consists of a colon separated:
+#               domain - the domain whose roles we are recording  
+#               role -   Consists of key=value pair
+#                        where key is unique role
+#                        and value is start/end date information
+#   $client    - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1 - indicating processing should continue.
+# Side effects
+#     reply is written to $client.
+#
+
+sub put_domainroles_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($udom,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($what);
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_domainroles", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+            my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+            $hashref->{$key}=$value;
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                     "while attempting domroleput\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                  "while attempting domroleput\n", $userinput);
+    }
+                                                                                  
+    return 1;
+}
+
+&register_handler("domroleput", \&put_domainroles_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# Retrieves domain roles from nohist_domainroles database
+# Returns to client an & separated list of key=value pairs,
+# where key is role and value is start and end date information.
+#
+# Parameters
+#   $cmd       - Command keyword that caused us to be dispatched.
+#   $tail      - Tail of the command.  Consists of a colon separated:
+#               domain - the domain whose domain roles table we dump
+#   $client    - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1 - indicating processing should continue.
+# Side effects
+#     reply (& separated list of role=start/end info pairs) is
+#     written to $client.
+#
+sub dump_domainroles_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+                                                                                           
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($udom,$startfilter,$endfilter,$rolesfilter) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($rolesfilter);
+    my @roles = ();
+    if (defined($startfilter)) {
+        $startfilter=&unescape($startfilter);
+    } else {
+        $startfilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($endfilter)) {
+        $endfilter=&unescape($endfilter);
+    } else {
+        $endfilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($rolesfilter)) {
+        $rolesfilter=&unescape($rolesfilter);
+	@roles = split(/\&/,$rolesfilter);
+    }
+                                                                                           
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_domainroles", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        my $qresult = '';
+        while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
+            my $match = 1;
+            my ($start,$end) = split(/:/,&unescape($value));
+            my ($trole,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec) = split(/:/,&unescape($key));
+            unless ($startfilter eq '.' || !defined($startfilter)) {
+                if ($start >= $startfilter) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($endfilter eq '.' || !defined($endfilter)) {
+                if ($end <= $endfilter) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            unless (@roles < 1) {
+                unless (grep/^\Q$trole\E$/,@roles) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($match == 1) {
+                $qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
+            }
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            chop($qresult);
+            &Reply($client, \$qresult, $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                    "while attempting domrolesdump\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                "while attempting domrolesdump\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+&register_handler("domrolesdump", \&dump_domainroles_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+
+#  Process the tmpput command I'm not sure what this does.. Seems to
+#  create a file in the lonDaemons/tmp directory of the form $id.tmp
+# where Id is the client's ip concatenated with a sequence number.
+# The file will contain some value that is passed in.  Is this e.g.
+# a login token?
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail    - The remainder of the request following $cmd:
+#               In this case this will be the contents of the file.
+#    $client  - Socket connected to the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1 indicating processing can continue.
+# Side effects:
+#   A file is created in the local filesystem.
+#   A reply is sent to the client.
+sub tmp_put_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $what, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$what";	# Reconstruct for logging.
+
+    my ($record,$context) = split(/:/,$what);
+    if ($context ne '') {
+        chomp($context);
+        $context = &unescape($context);
+    }
+    my ($id,$store);
+    $tmpsnum++;
+    if ($context eq 'resetpw') {
+        $id = &md5_hex(&md5_hex(time.{}.rand().$$));
+    } else {
+        $id = $$.'_'.$clientip.'_'.$tmpsnum;
+    }
+    $id=~s/\W/\_/g;
+    $record=~s/\n//g;
+    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+    if ($store=IO::File->new(">$execdir/tmp/$id.tmp")) {
+	print $store $record;
+	close $store;
+	&Reply($client, \$id, $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)."IO::File->new Failed ".
+		  "while attempting tmpput\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+  
+}
+&register_handler("tmpput", \&tmp_put_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Processes the tmpget command.  This command returns the contents
+#  of a temporary resource file(?) created via tmpput.
+#
+# Paramters:
+#    $cmd      - Command that got us dispatched.
+#    $id       - Tail of the command, contain the id of the resource
+#                we want to fetch.
+#    $client   - socket open on the client.
+# Return:
+#    1         - Inidcating processing can continue.
+# Side effects:
+#   A reply is sent to the client.
+#
+sub tmp_get_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $id, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$id"; 
+    
+
+    $id=~s/\W/\_/g;
+    my $store;
+    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+    if ($store=IO::File->new("$execdir/tmp/$id.tmp")) {
+	my $reply=<$store>;
+	&Reply( $client, \$reply, $userinput);
+	close $store;
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)."IO::File->new Failed ".
+		  "while attempting tmpget\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("tmpget", \&tmp_get_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#  Process the tmpdel command.  This command deletes a temp resource
+#  created by the tmpput command.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   $cmd      - Command that got us here.
+#   $id       - Id of the temporary resource created.
+#   $client   - socket open on the client process.
+#
+# Returns:
+#   1     - Indicating processing should continue.
+# Side Effects:
+#   A file is deleted
+#   A reply is sent to the client.
+sub tmp_del_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $id, $client) = @_;
+    
+    my $userinput= "$cmd:$id";
+    
+    chomp($id);
+    $id=~s/\W/\_/g;
+    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+    if (unlink("$execdir/tmp/$id.tmp")) {
+	&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)."Unlink tmp Failed ".
+		  "while attempting tmpdel\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+
+}
+&register_handler("tmpdel", \&tmp_del_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Processes the setannounce command.  This command
+#   creates a file named announce.txt in the top directory of
+#   the documentn root and sets its contents.  The announce.txt file is
+#   printed in its entirety at the LonCAPA login page.  Note:
+#   once the announcement.txt fileis created it cannot be deleted.
+#   However, setting the contents of the file to empty removes the
+#   announcement from the login page of loncapa so who cares.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd          - The command that got us dispatched.
+#    $announcement - The text of the announcement.
+#    $client       - Socket open on the client process.
+# Retunrns:
+#   1             - Indicating request processing should continue
+# Side Effects:
+#   The file {DocRoot}/announcement.txt is created.
+#   A reply is sent to $client.
+#
+sub set_announce_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $announcement, $client) = @_;
+  
+    my $userinput    = "$cmd:$announcement";
+
+    chomp($announcement);
+    $announcement=&unescape($announcement);
+    if (my $store=IO::File->new('>'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.
+				'/announcement.txt')) {
+	print $store $announcement;
+	close $store;
+	&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)."\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("setannounce", \&set_announce_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#  Return the version of the daemon.  This can be used to determine
+#  the compatibility of cross version installations or, alternatively to
+#  simply know who's out of date and who isn't.  Note that the version
+#  is returned concatenated with the tail.
+# Parameters:
+#   $cmd        - the request that dispatched to us.
+#   $tail       - Tail of the request (client's version?).
+#   $client     - Socket open on the client.
+#Returns:
+#   1 - continue processing requests.
+# Side Effects:
+#   Replies with version to $client.
+sub get_version_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput  = $cmd.$tail;
+    
+    &Reply($client, &version($userinput)."\n", $userinput);
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("version", \&get_version_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#  Set the current host and domain.  This is used to support
+#  multihomed systems.  Each IP of the system, or even separate daemons
+#  on the same IP can be treated as handling a separate lonCAPA virtual
+#  machine.  This command selects the virtual lonCAPA.  The client always
+#  knows the right one since it is lonc and it is selecting the domain/system
+#  from the hosts.tab file.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - Command that dispatched us.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (domain/host requested).
+#    $socket   - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#     1   - Indicates the program should continue to process requests.
+# Side-effects:
+#     The default domain/system context is modified for this daemon.
+#     a reply is sent to the client.
+#
+sub set_virtual_host_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $socket) = @_;
+  
+    my $userinput  ="$cmd:$tail";
+
+    &Reply($client, &sethost($userinput)."\n", $userinput);
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("sethost", \&set_virtual_host_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#  Process a request to exit:
+#   - "bye" is sent to the client.
+#   - The client socket is shutdown and closed.
+#   - We indicate to the caller that we should exit.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd                - The command that got us here.
+#   $tail               - Tail of the command (empty).
+#   $client             - Socket open on the tail.
+# Returns:
+#   0      - Indicating the program should exit!!
+#
+sub exit_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    &logthis("Client $clientip ($clientname) hanging up: $userinput");
+    &Reply($client, "bye\n", $userinput);
+    $client->shutdown(2);        # shutdown the socket forcibly.
+    $client->close();
+
+    return 0;
+}
+&register_handler("exit", \&exit_handler, 0,1,1);
+&register_handler("init", \&exit_handler, 0,1,1);
+&register_handler("quit", \&exit_handler, 0,1,1);
+
+#  Determine if auto-enrollment is enabled.
+#  Note that the original had what I believe to be a defect.
+#  The original returned 0 if the requestor was not a registerd client.
+#  It should return "refused".
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd       - The command that invoked us.
+#   $tail      - The tail of the command (Extra command parameters.
+#   $client    - The socket open on the client that issued the request.
+# Returns:
+#    1         - Indicating processing should continue.
+#
+sub enrollment_enabled_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = $cmd.":".$tail; # For logging purposes.
+
+    
+    my ($cdom) = split(/:/, $tail, 2);   # Domain we're asking about.
+
+    my $outcome  = &localenroll::run($cdom);
+    &Reply($client, \$outcome, $userinput);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autorun", \&enrollment_enabled_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Get the official sections for which auto-enrollment is possible.
+#   Since the admin people won't know about 'unofficial sections' 
+#   we cannot auto-enroll on them.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched here.
+#    $tail    - The remainder of the request.  In our case this
+#               will be split into:
+#               $coursecode   - The course name from the admin point of view.
+#               $cdom         - The course's domain(?).
+#    $client  - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1    - Indiciting processing should continue.
+#
+sub get_sections_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($coursecode, $cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    my @secs = &localenroll::get_sections($coursecode,$cdom);
+    my $seclist = &escape(join(':',@secs));
+
+    &Reply($client, \$seclist, $userinput);
+    
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autogetsections", \&get_sections_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Validate the owner of a new course section.  
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd      - Command that got us dispatched.
+#   $tail     - the remainder of the command.  For us this consists of a
+#               colon separated string containing:
+#                  $inst    - Course Id from the institutions point of view.
+#                  $owner   - Proposed owner of the course.
+#                  $cdom    - Domain of the course (from the institutions
+#                             point of view?)..
+#   $client   - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#   1        - Processing should continue.
+#
+sub validate_course_owner_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($inst_course_id, $owner, $cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
+
+    $owner = &unescape($owner);
+    my $outcome = &localenroll::new_course($inst_course_id,$owner,$cdom);
+    &Reply($client, \$outcome, $userinput);
+
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autonewcourse", \&validate_course_owner_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Validate a course section in the official schedule of classes
+#   from the institutions point of view (part of autoenrollment).
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd          - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#   $tail         - The tail of the command.  In this case,
+#                   this is a colon separated set of words that will be split
+#                   into:
+#                        $inst_course_id - The course/section id from the
+#                                          institutions point of view.
+#                        $cdom           - The domain from the institutions
+#                                          point of view.
+#   $client       - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1           - Indicating processing should continue.
+#
+sub validate_course_section_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($inst_course_id, $cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
+
+    my $outcome=&localenroll::validate_courseID($inst_course_id,$cdom);
+    &Reply($client, \$outcome, $userinput);
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autovalidatecourse", \&validate_course_section_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Validate course owner's access to enrollment data for specific class section. 
+#   
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail    - The tail of the command.   In this case this is a colon separated
+#               set of words that will be split into:
+#               $inst_class  - Institutional code for the specific class section   
+#               $courseowner - The escaped username:domain of the course owner 
+#               $cdom        - The domain of the course from the institution's
+#                              point of view.
+#    $client  - The socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1 - continue processing.
+#
+
+sub validate_class_access_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($inst_class,$ownerlist,$cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    my $owners = &unescape($ownerlist);
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+	local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+	$outcome=&localenroll::check_section($inst_class,$owners,$cdom);
+    };
+    &Reply($client,\$outcome, $userinput);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autovalidateclass_sec", \&validate_class_access_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Create a password for a new LON-CAPA user added by auto-enrollment.
+#   Only used for case where authentication method for new user is localauth
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail    - The tail of the command.   In this case this is a colon separated
+#               set of words that will be split into:
+#               $authparam - An authentication parameter (localauth parameter).
+#               $cdom      - The domain of the course from the institution's
+#                            point of view.
+#    $client  - The socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1 - continue processing.
+#
+sub create_auto_enroll_password_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($authparam, $cdom) = split(/:/, $userinput);
+
+    my ($create_passwd,$authchk);
+    ($authparam,
+     $create_passwd,
+     $authchk) = &localenroll::create_password($authparam,$cdom);
+
+    &Reply($client, &escape($authparam.':'.$create_passwd.':'.$authchk)."\n",
+	   $userinput);
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autocreatepassword", \&create_auto_enroll_password_handler, 
+		  0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Retrieve and remove temporary files created by/during autoenrollment.
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail     - The tail of the command.  In our case this is a colon 
+#                separated list that will be split into:
+#                $filename - The name of the file to remove.
+#                            The filename is given as a path relative to
+#                            the LonCAPA temp file directory.
+#    $client   - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#   1     - Continue processing.
+sub retrieve_auto_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)    = @_;
+    my $userinput                = "cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($filename)   = split(/:/, $tail);
+
+    my $source = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename;
+    if ( (-e $source) && ($filename ne '') ) {
+	my $reply = '';
+	if (open(my $fh,$source)) {
+	    while (<$fh>) {
+		chomp($_);
+		$_ =~ s/^\s+//g;
+		$_ =~ s/\s+$//g;
+		$reply .= $_;
+	    }
+	    close($fh);
+	    &Reply($client, &escape($reply)."\n", $userinput);
+
+#   Does this have to be uncommented??!?  (RF).
+#
+#                                unlink($source);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "error\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autoretrieve", \&retrieve_auto_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#   Read and retrieve institutional code format (for support form).
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - Command that dispatched us.
+#    $tail       - Tail of the command.  In this case it conatins 
+#                  the course domain and the coursename.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1     - Continue processing.
+#
+sub get_institutional_code_format_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my $reply;
+    my($cdom,$course) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    my @pairs = split/\&/,$course;
+    my %instcodes = ();
+    my %codes = ();
+    my @codetitles = ();
+    my %cat_titles = ();
+    my %cat_order = ();
+    foreach (@pairs) {
+	my ($key,$value) = split/=/,$_;
+	$instcodes{&unescape($key)} = &unescape($value);
+    }
+    my $formatreply = &localenroll::instcode_format($cdom,
+						    \%instcodes,
+						    \%codes,
+						    \@codetitles,
+						    \%cat_titles,
+						    \%cat_order);
+    if ($formatreply eq 'ok') {
+	my $codes_str = &Apache::lonnet::hash2str(%codes);
+	my $codetitles_str = &Apache::lonnet::array2str(@codetitles);
+	my $cat_titles_str = &Apache::lonnet::hash2str(%cat_titles);
+	my $cat_order_str = &Apache::lonnet::hash2str(%cat_order);
+	&Reply($client,
+	       $codes_str.':'.$codetitles_str.':'.$cat_titles_str.':'
+	       .$cat_order_str."\n",
+	       $userinput);
+    } else {
+	# this else branch added by RF since if not ok, lonc will
+	# hang waiting on reply until timeout.
+	#
+	&Reply($client, "format_error\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autoinstcodeformat",
+		  \&get_institutional_code_format_handler,0,1,0);
+
+sub get_institutional_defaults_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my $dom = $tail;
+    my %defaults_hash;
+    my @code_order;
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::instcode_defaults($dom,\%defaults_hash,
+                                                   \@code_order);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+            my $result='';
+            while (my ($key,$value) = each(%defaults_hash)) {
+                $result.=&escape($key).'='.&escape($value).'&';
+            }
+            $result .= 'code_order='.&escape(join('&',@code_order));
+            &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply($client,"error\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+}
+&register_handler("autoinstcodedefaults",
+                  \&get_institutional_defaults_handler,0,1,0);
+
+sub get_institutional_user_rules {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $dom = &unescape($tail);
+    my (%rules_hash,@rules_order);
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::username_rules($dom,\%rules_hash,\@rules_order);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+            my $result;
+            foreach my $key (keys(%rules_hash)) {
+                $result .= &escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($rules_hash{$key}).'&';
+            }
+            $result =~ s/\&$//;
+            $result .= ':';
+            if (@rules_order > 0) {
+                foreach my $item (@rules_order) {
+                    $result .= &escape($item).'&';
+                }
+            }
+            $result =~ s/\&$//;
+            &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply($client,"error\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+}
+&register_handler("instuserrules",\&get_institutional_user_rules,0,1,0);
+
+sub get_institutional_id_rules {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $dom = &unescape($tail);
+    my (%rules_hash,@rules_order);
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::id_rules($dom,\%rules_hash,\@rules_order);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+            my $result;
+            foreach my $key (keys(%rules_hash)) {
+                $result .= &escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($rules_hash{$key}).'&';
+            }
+            $result =~ s/\&$//;
+            $result .= ':';
+            if (@rules_order > 0) {
+                foreach my $item (@rules_order) {
+                    $result .= &escape($item).'&';
+                }
+            }
+            $result =~ s/\&$//;
+            &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply($client,"error\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+}
+&register_handler("instidrules",\&get_institutional_id_rules,0,1,0);
+
+sub get_institutional_selfcreate_rules {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $dom = &unescape($tail);
+    my (%rules_hash,@rules_order);
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::selfcreate_rules($dom,\%rules_hash,\@rules_order);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+            my $result;
+            foreach my $key (keys(%rules_hash)) {
+                $result .= &escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($rules_hash{$key}).'&';
+            }
+            $result =~ s/\&$//;
+            $result .= ':';
+            if (@rules_order > 0) {
+                foreach my $item (@rules_order) {
+                    $result .= &escape($item).'&';
+                }
+            }
+            $result =~ s/\&$//;
+            &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply($client,"error\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+}
+&register_handler("instemailrules",\&get_institutional_selfcreate_rules,0,1,0);
+
+
+sub institutional_username_check {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my %rulecheck;
+    my $outcome;
+    my ($udom,$uname,@rules) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    $udom = &unescape($udom);
+    $uname = &unescape($uname);
+    @rules = map {&unescape($_);} (@rules);
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::username_check($udom,$uname,\@rules,\%rulecheck);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+            my $result='';
+            foreach my $key (keys(%rulecheck)) {
+                $result.=&escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($rulecheck{$key}).'&';
+            }
+            &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply($client,"error\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+}
+&register_handler("instrulecheck",\&institutional_username_check,0,1,0);
+
+sub institutional_id_check {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my %rulecheck;
+    my $outcome;
+    my ($udom,$id,@rules) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    $udom = &unescape($udom);
+    $id = &unescape($id);
+    @rules = map {&unescape($_);} (@rules);
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::id_check($udom,$id,\@rules,\%rulecheck);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+            my $result='';
+            foreach my $key (keys(%rulecheck)) {
+                $result.=&escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($rulecheck{$key}).'&';
+            }
+            &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply($client,"error\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+}
+&register_handler("instidrulecheck",\&institutional_id_check,0,1,0);
+
+sub institutional_selfcreate_check {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my %rulecheck;
+    my $outcome;
+    my ($udom,$email,@rules) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    $udom = &unescape($udom);
+    $email = &unescape($email);
+    @rules = map {&unescape($_);} (@rules);
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::selfcreate_check($udom,$email,\@rules,\%rulecheck);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+            my $result='';
+            foreach my $key (keys(%rulecheck)) {
+                $result.=&escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($rulecheck{$key}).'&';
+            }
+            &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply($client,"error\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+}
+&register_handler("instselfcreatecheck",\&institutional_selfcreate_check,0,1,0);
+
+# Get domain specific conditions for import of student photographs to a course
+#
+# Retrieves information from photo_permission subroutine in localenroll.
+# Returns outcome (ok) if no processing errors, and whether course owner is 
+# required to accept conditions of use (yes/no).
+#
+#    
+sub photo_permission_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $cdom = $tail;
+    my ($perm_reqd,$conditions);
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+	local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+	$outcome = &localenroll::photo_permission($cdom,\$perm_reqd,
+						  \$conditions);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+	&Reply($client, &escape($outcome.':'.$perm_reqd.':'. $conditions)."\n",
+	       $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autophotopermission",\&photo_permission_handler,0,1,0);
+
+#
+# Checks if student photo is available for a user in the domain, in the user's
+# directory (in /userfiles/internal/studentphoto.jpg).
+# Uses localstudentphoto:fetch() to ensure there is an up to date copy of
+# the student's photo.   
+
+sub photo_check_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($udom,$uname,$pid) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    $udom = &unescape($udom);
+    $uname = &unescape($uname);
+    $pid = &unescape($pid);
+    my $path=&propath($udom,$uname).'/userfiles/internal/';
+    if (!-e $path) {
+        &mkpath($path);
+    }
+    my $response;
+    my $result = &localstudentphoto::fetch($udom,$uname,$pid,\$response);
+    $result .= ':'.$response;
+    &Reply($client, &escape($result)."\n",$userinput);
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autophotocheck",\&photo_check_handler,0,1,0);
+
+#
+# Retrieve information from localenroll about whether to provide a button     
+# for users who have enbled import of student photos to initiate an 
+# update of photo files for registered students. Also include 
+# comment to display alongside button.  
+
+sub photo_choice_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput             = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $cdom                  = &unescape($tail);
+    my ($update,$comment);
+    eval {
+	local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+	($update,$comment)    = &localenroll::manager_photo_update($cdom);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+	&Reply($client,&escape($update).':'.&escape($comment)."\n",$userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autophotochoice",\&photo_choice_handler,0,1,0);
+
+#
+# Gets a student's photo to exist (in the correct image type) in the user's 
+# directory.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail    - A colon separated set of words that will be split into:
+#               $domain - student's domain
+#               $uname  - student username
+#               $type   - image type desired
+#    $client  - The socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1 - continue processing.
+
+sub student_photo_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my ($domain,$uname,$ext,$type) = split(/:/, $tail);
+
+    my $path=&propath($domain,$uname). '/userfiles/internal/';
+    my $filename = 'studentphoto.'.$ext;
+    if ($type eq 'thumbnail') {
+        $filename = 'studentphoto_tn.'.$ext;
+    }
+    if (-e $path.$filename) {
+	&Reply($client,"ok\n","$cmd:$tail");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    &mkpath($path);
+    my $file;
+    if ($type eq 'thumbnail') {
+	eval {
+	    local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+	    $file=&localstudentphoto::fetch_thumbnail($domain,$uname);
+	};
+    } else {
+        $file=&localstudentphoto::fetch($domain,$uname);
+    }
+    if (!$file) {
+	&Failure($client,"unavailable\n","$cmd:$tail");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    if (!-e $path.$filename) { &convert_photo($file,$path.$filename); }
+    if (-e $path.$filename) {
+	&Reply($client,"ok\n","$cmd:$tail");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    &Failure($client,"unable_to_convert\n","$cmd:$tail");
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("studentphoto", \&student_photo_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub inst_usertypes_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $domain, $client) = @_;
+    my $res;
+    my $userinput = $cmd.":".$domain; # For logging purposes.
+    my (%typeshash,@order,$result);
+    eval {
+	local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+	$result=&localenroll::inst_usertypes($domain,\%typeshash,\@order);
+    };
+    if ($result eq 'ok') {
+        if (keys(%typeshash) > 0) {
+            foreach my $key (keys(%typeshash)) {
+                $res.=&escape($key).'='.&escape($typeshash{$key}).'&';
+            }
+        }
+        $res=~s/\&$//;
+        $res .= ':';
+        if (@order > 0) {
+            foreach my $item (@order) {
+                $res .= &escape($item).'&';
+            }
+        }
+        $res=~s/\&$//;
+    }
+    &Reply($client, \$res, $userinput);
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("inst_usertypes", \&inst_usertypes_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+# mkpath makes all directories for a file, expects an absolute path with a
+# file or a trailing / if just a dir is passed
+# returns 1 on success 0 on failure
+sub mkpath {
+    my ($file)=@_;
+    my @parts=split(/\//,$file,-1);
+    my $now=$parts[0].'/'.$parts[1].'/'.$parts[2];
+    for (my $i=3;$i<= ($#parts-1);$i++) {
+	$now.='/'.$parts[$i]; 
+	if (!-e $now) {
+	    if  (!mkdir($now,0770)) { return 0; }
+	}
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+#   Getting, decoding and dispatching requests:
+#
+#
+#   Get a Request:
+#   Gets a Request message from the client.  The transaction
+#   is defined as a 'line' of text.  We remove the new line
+#   from the text line.  
+#
+sub get_request {
+    my $input = <$client>;
+    chomp($input);
+
+    &Debug("get_request: Request = $input\n");
+
+    &status('Processing '.$clientname.':'.$input);
+
+    return $input;
+}
+#---------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+#  Process a request.  This sub should shrink as each action
+#  gets farmed out into a separat sub that is registered 
+#  with the dispatch hash.  
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    user_input   - The request received from the client (lonc).
+# Returns:
+#    true to keep processing, false if caller should exit.
+#
+sub process_request {
+    my ($userinput) = @_;      # Easier for now to break style than to
+                                # fix all the userinput -> user_input.
+    my $wasenc    = 0;		# True if request was encrypted.
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ See if encrypted
+    # for command
+    # sethost:<server>
+    # <command>:<args>
+    #   we just send it to the processor
+    # for
+    # sethost:<server>:<command>:<args>
+    #  we do the implict set host and then do the command
+    if ($userinput =~ /^sethost:/) {
+	(my $cmd,my $newid,$userinput) = split(':',$userinput,3);
+	if (defined($userinput)) {
+	    &sethost("$cmd:$newid");
+	} else {
+	    $userinput = "$cmd:$newid";
+	}
+    }
+
+    if ($userinput =~ /^enc/) {
+	$userinput = decipher($userinput);
+	$wasenc=1;
+	if(!$userinput) {	# Cipher not defined.
+	    &Failure($client, "error: Encrypted data without negotated key\n");
+	    return 0;
+	}
+    }
+    Debug("process_request: $userinput\n");
+    
+    #  
+    #   The 'correct way' to add a command to lond is now to
+    #   write a sub to execute it and Add it to the command dispatch
+    #   hash via a call to register_handler..  The comments to that
+    #   sub should give you enough to go on to show how to do this
+    #   along with the examples that are building up as this code
+    #   is getting refactored.   Until all branches of the
+    #   if/elseif monster below have been factored out into
+    #   separate procesor subs, if the dispatch hash is missing
+    #   the command keyword, we will fall through to the remainder
+    #   of the if/else chain below in order to keep this thing in 
+    #   working order throughout the transmogrification.
+
+    my ($command, $tail) = split(/:/, $userinput, 2);
+    chomp($command);
+    chomp($tail);
+    $tail =~ s/(\r)//;		# This helps people debugging with e.g. telnet.
+    $command =~ s/(\r)//;	# And this too for parameterless commands.
+    if(!$tail) {
+	$tail ="";		# defined but blank.
+    }
+
+    &Debug("Command received: $command, encoded = $wasenc");
+
+    if(defined $Dispatcher{$command}) {
+
+	my $dispatch_info = $Dispatcher{$command};
+	my $handler       = $$dispatch_info[0];
+	my $need_encode   = $$dispatch_info[1];
+	my $client_types  = $$dispatch_info[2];
+	Debug("Matched dispatch hash: mustencode: $need_encode "
+	      ."ClientType $client_types");
+      
+	#  Validate the request:
+      
+	my $ok = 1;
+	my $requesterprivs = 0;
+	if(&isClient()) {
+	    $requesterprivs |= $CLIENT_OK;
+	}
+	if(&isManager()) {
+	    $requesterprivs |= $MANAGER_OK;
+	}
+	if($need_encode && (!$wasenc)) {
+	    Debug("Must encode but wasn't: $need_encode $wasenc");
+	    $ok = 0;
+	}
+	if(($client_types & $requesterprivs) == 0) {
+	    Debug("Client not privileged to do this operation");
+	    $ok = 0;
+	}
+
+	if($ok) {
+	    Debug("Dispatching to handler $command $tail");
+	    my $keep_going = &$handler($command, $tail, $client);
+	    return $keep_going;
+	} else {
+	    Debug("Refusing to dispatch because client did not match requirements");
+	    Failure($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+	    return 1;
+	}
+
+    }    
+
+    print $client "unknown_cmd\n";
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------- complete
+    Debug("process_request - returning 1");
+    return 1;
+}
+#
+#   Decipher encoded traffic
+#  Parameters:
+#     input      - Encoded data.
+#  Returns:
+#     Decoded data or undef if encryption key was not yet negotiated.
+#  Implicit input:
+#     cipher  - This global holds the negotiated encryption key.
+#
+sub decipher {
+    my ($input)  = @_;
+    my $output = '';
+    
+    
+    if($cipher) {
+	my($enc, $enclength, $encinput) = split(/:/, $input);
+	for(my $encidx = 0; $encidx < length($encinput); $encidx += 16) {
+	    $output .= 
+		$cipher->decrypt(pack("H16", substr($encinput, $encidx, 16)));
+	}
+	return substr($output, 0, $enclength);
+    } else {
+	return undef;
+    }
+}
+
+#
+#   Register a command processor.  This function is invoked to register a sub
+#   to process a request.  Once registered, the ProcessRequest sub can automatically
+#   dispatch requests to an appropriate sub, and do the top level validity checking
+#   as well:
+#    - Is the keyword recognized.
+#    - Is the proper client type attempting the request.
+#    - Is the request encrypted if it has to be.
+#   Parameters:
+#    $request_name         - Name of the request being registered.
+#                           This is the command request that will match
+#                           against the hash keywords to lookup the information
+#                           associated with the dispatch information.
+#    $procedure           - Reference to a sub to call to process the request.
+#                           All subs get called as follows:
+#                             Procedure($cmd, $tail, $replyfd, $key)
+#                             $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#                             $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#                             $replyfd- File descriptor connected to the client
+#    $must_encode          - True if the request must be encoded to be good.
+#    $client_ok            - True if it's ok for a client to request this.
+#    $manager_ok           - True if it's ok for a manager to request this.
+# Side effects:
+#      - On success, the Dispatcher hash has an entry added for the key $RequestName
+#      - On failure, the program will die as it's a bad internal bug to try to 
+#        register a duplicate command handler.
+#
+sub register_handler {
+    my ($request_name,$procedure,$must_encode,	$client_ok,$manager_ok)   = @_;
+
+    #  Don't allow duplication#
+   
+    if (defined $Dispatcher{$request_name}) {
+	die "Attempting to define a duplicate request handler for $request_name\n";
+    }
+    #   Build the client type mask:
+    
+    my $client_type_mask = 0;
+    if($client_ok) {
+	$client_type_mask  |= $CLIENT_OK;
+    }
+    if($manager_ok) {
+	$client_type_mask  |= $MANAGER_OK;
+    }
+   
+    #  Enter the hash:
+      
+    my @entry = ($procedure, $must_encode, $client_type_mask);
+   
+    $Dispatcher{$request_name} = \@entry;
+   
+}
+
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+
+
 #
 #  Convert an error return code from lcpasswd to a string value.
 #
@@ -749,22 +5253,22 @@ sub catchexception {
     $SIG{'QUIT'}='DEFAULT';
     $SIG{__DIE__}='DEFAULT';
     &status("Catching exception");
-    &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: "
-     ."ABNORMAL EXIT. Child $$ for server $thisserver died through "
+    &logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: "
+     ."ABNORMAL EXIT. Child $$ for server ".$perlvar{'lonHostID'}." died through "
      ."a crash with this error msg->[$error]</font>");
     &logthis('Famous last words: '.$status.' - '.$lastlog);
     if ($client) { print $client "error: $error\n"; }
     $server->close();
     die($error);
 }
-
 sub timeout {
     &status("Handling Timeout");
-    &logthis("<font color=ref>CRITICAL: TIME OUT ".$$."</font>");
+    &logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: TIME OUT ".$$."</font>");
     &catchexception('Timeout');
 }
 # -------------------------------- Set signal handlers to record abnormal exits
 
+
 $SIG{'QUIT'}=\&catchexception;
 $SIG{__DIE__}=\&catchexception;
 
@@ -843,7 +5347,7 @@ sub HUNTSMAN {                      # si
     &logthis("Free socket: ".shutdown($server,2)); # free up socket
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     unlink("$execdir/logs/lond.pid");
-    &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: Shutting down</font>");
+    &logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: Shutting down</font>");
     &status("Done killing children");
     exit;                           # clean up with dignity
 }
@@ -853,7 +5357,7 @@ sub HUPSMAN {                      # sig
     &status("Killing children for restart (HUP)");
     kill 'INT' => keys %children;
     &logthis("Free socket: ".shutdown($server,2)); # free up socket
-    &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: Restarting</font>");
+    &logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: Restarting</font>");
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     unlink("$execdir/logs/lond.pid");
     &status("Restarting self (HUP)");
@@ -861,44 +5365,6 @@ sub HUPSMAN {                      # sig
 }
 
 #
-#    Kill off hashes that describe the host table prior to re-reading it.
-#    Hashes affected are:
-#       %hostid, %hostdom %hostip
-#
-sub KillHostHashes {
-    foreach my $key (keys %hostid) {
-	delete $hostid{$key};
-    }
-    foreach my $key (keys %hostdom) {
-	delete $hostdom{$key};
-    }
-    foreach my $key (keys %hostip) {
-	delete $hostip{$key};
-    }
-}
-#
-#   Read in the host table from file and distribute it into the various hashes:
-#
-#    - %hostid  -  Indexed by IP, the loncapa hostname.
-#    - %hostdom -  Indexed by  loncapa hostname, the domain.
-#    - %hostip  -  Indexed by hostid, the Ip address of the host.
-sub ReadHostTable {
-
-    open (CONFIG,"$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab") || die "Can't read host file";
-    
-    while (my $configline=<CONFIG>) {
-	if (!($configline =~ /^\s*\#/)) {
-	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip)=split(/:/,$configline);
-	    chomp($ip); $ip=~s/\D+$//;
-	    $hostid{$ip}=$id;
-	    $hostdom{$id}=$domain;
-	    $hostip{$id}=$ip;
-	    if ($id eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) { $thisserver=$name; }
-	}
-    }
-    close(CONFIG);
-}
-#
 #  Reload the Apache daemon's state.
 #  This is done by invoking /home/httpd/perl/apachereload
 #  a setuid perl script that can be root for us to do this job.
@@ -929,13 +5395,12 @@ sub UpdateHosts {
     #  either dropped or changed hosts.  Note that the re-read of the table
     #  will take care of new and changed hosts as connections come into being.
 
+    &Apache::lonnet::reset_hosts_info();
 
-    KillHostHashes;
-    ReadHostTable;
-
-    foreach my $child (keys %children) {
+    foreach my $child (keys(%children)) {
 	my $childip = $children{$child};
-	if(!$hostid{$childip}) {
+	if ($childip ne '127.0.0.1'
+	    && !defined(&Apache::lonnet::get_hosts_from_ip($childip))) {
 	    logthis('<font color="blue"> UpdateHosts killing child '
 		    ." $child for ip $childip </font>");
 	    kill('INT', $child);
@@ -956,14 +5421,16 @@ sub checkchildren {
     &logthis('Going to check on the children');
     my $docdir=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
     foreach (sort keys %children) {
-	sleep 1;
+	#sleep 1;
         unless (kill 'USR1' => $_) {
 	    &logthis ('Child '.$_.' is dead');
             &logstatus($$.' is dead');
+	    delete($children{$_});
         } 
     }
     sleep 5;
-    $SIG{ALRM} = sub { die "timeout" };
+    $SIG{ALRM} = sub { Debug("timeout"); 
+		       die "timeout";  };
     $SIG{__DIE__} = 'DEFAULT';
     &status("Checking on the children (waiting for reports)");
     foreach (sort keys %children) {
@@ -977,6 +5444,7 @@ sub checkchildren {
 	    #my $result=`echo 'Killed lond process $_.' | mailto $emailto -s '$subj' > /dev/null`;
 	    #$execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
 	    #$result=`/bin/cp $execdir/logs/lond.log $execdir/logs/lond.log.$_`;
+	    delete($children{$_});
 	    alarm(0);
 	  }
         }
@@ -984,6 +5452,7 @@ sub checkchildren {
     $SIG{ALRM} = 'DEFAULT';
     $SIG{__DIE__} = \&catchexception;
     &status("Finished checking children");
+    &logthis('Finished Checking children');
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------- Logging
@@ -1015,13 +5484,41 @@ sub Debug {
 #     request - Original request from client.
 #
 sub Reply {
+    my ($fd, $reply, $request) = @_;
+    if (ref($reply)) {
+	print $fd $$reply;
+	print $fd "\n";
+	if ($DEBUG) { Debug("Request was $request  Reply was $$reply"); }
+    } else {
+	print $fd $reply;
+	if ($DEBUG) { Debug("Request was $request  Reply was $reply"); }
+    }
+    $Transactions++;
+}
+
+
+#
+#    Sub to report a failure.
+#    This function:
+#     -   Increments the failure statistic counters.
+#     -   Invokes Reply to send the error message to the client.
+# Parameters:
+#    fd       - File descriptor open on the client
+#    reply    - Reply text to emit.
+#    request  - The original request message (used by Reply
+#               to debug if that's enabled.
+# Implicit outputs:
+#    $Failures- The number of failures is incremented.
+#    Reply (invoked here) sends a message to the 
+#    client:
+#
+sub Failure {
     my $fd      = shift;
     my $reply   = shift;
     my $request = shift;
-
-    print $fd $reply;
-    Debug("Request was $request  Reply was $reply");
-
+   
+    $Failures++;
+    Reply($fd, $reply, $request);      # That's simple eh?
 }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ Log status
 
@@ -1029,16 +5526,19 @@ sub logstatus {
     &status("Doing logging");
     my $docdir=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
     {
-    my $fh=IO::File->new(">>$docdir/lon-status/londstatus.txt");
-    print $fh $$."\t".$clientname."\t".$currenthostid."\t".$status."\t".$lastlog."\n";
-    $fh->close();
-    }
-    &status("Finished londstatus.txt");
-    {
 	my $fh=IO::File->new(">$docdir/lon-status/londchld/$$.txt");
-        print $fh $status."\n".$lastlog."\n".time;
+        print $fh $status."\n".$lastlog."\n".time."\n$keymode";
         $fh->close();
     }
+    &status("Finished $$.txt");
+    {
+	open(LOG,">>$docdir/lon-status/londstatus.txt");
+	flock(LOG,LOCK_EX);
+	print LOG $$."\t".$clientname."\t".$currenthostid."\t"
+	    .$status."\t".$lastlog."\t $keymode\n";
+	flock(LOG,LOCK_UN);
+	close(LOG);
+    }
     &status("Finished logging");
 }
 
@@ -1065,89 +5565,16 @@ sub status {
     $0='lond: '.$what.' '.$local;
 }
 
-# -------------------------------------------------------- Escape Special Chars
-
-sub escape {
-    my $str=shift;
-    $str =~ s/(\W)/"%".unpack('H2',$1)/eg;
-    return $str;
-}
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------- Un-Escape Special Chars
-
-sub unescape {
-    my $str=shift;
-    $str =~ s/%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])/pack("C",hex($1))/eg;
-    return $str;
-}
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------- Send USR1 to lonc
-
-sub reconlonc {
-    my $peerfile=shift;
-    &logthis("Trying to reconnect for $peerfile");
-    my $loncfile="$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/logs/lonc.pid";
-    if (my $fh=IO::File->new("$loncfile")) {
-	my $loncpid=<$fh>;
-        chomp($loncpid);
-        if (kill 0 => $loncpid) {
-	    &logthis("lonc at pid $loncpid responding, sending USR1");
-            kill USR1 => $loncpid;
-        } else {
-	    &logthis(
-              "<font color=red>CRITICAL: "
-             ."lonc at pid $loncpid not responding, giving up</font>");
-        }
-    } else {
-      &logthis('<font color=red>CRITICAL: lonc not running, giving up</font>');
-    }
-}
-
-# -------------------------------------------------- Non-critical communication
-
-sub subreply {
-    my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
-    my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server";
-    my $sclient=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    =>"$peerfile",
-                                      Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
-                                      Timeout => 10)
-       or return "con_lost";
-    print $sclient "$cmd\n";
-    my $answer=<$sclient>;
-    chomp($answer);
-    if (!$answer) { $answer="con_lost"; }
-    return $answer;
-}
-
-sub reply {
-  my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
-  my $answer;
-  if ($server ne $currenthostid) { 
-    $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
-    if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
-	$answer=subreply("ping",$server);
-        if ($answer ne $server) {
-	    &logthis("sub reply: answer != server answer is $answer, server is $server");
-           &reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server");
-        }
-        $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
-    }
-  } else {
-    $answer='self_reply';
-  } 
-  return $answer;
-}
-
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- Talk to lonsql
 
-sub sqlreply {
+sub sql_reply {
     my ($cmd)=@_;
-    my $answer=subsqlreply($cmd);
-    if ($answer eq 'con_lost') { $answer=subsqlreply($cmd); }
+    my $answer=&sub_sql_reply($cmd);
+    if ($answer eq 'con_lost') { $answer=&sub_sql_reply($cmd); }
     return $answer;
 }
 
-sub subsqlreply {
+sub sub_sql_reply {
     my ($cmd)=@_;
     my $unixsock="mysqlsock";
     my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$unixsock";
@@ -1155,25 +5582,13 @@ sub subsqlreply {
                                       Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
                                       Timeout => 10)
        or return "con_lost";
-    print $sclient "$cmd\n";
+    print $sclient "$cmd:$currentdomainid\n";
     my $answer=<$sclient>;
     chomp($answer);
     if (!$answer) { $answer="con_lost"; }
     return $answer;
 }
 
-# -------------------------------------------- Return path to profile directory
-
-sub propath {
-    my ($udom,$uname)=@_;
-    $udom=~s/\W//g;
-    $uname=~s/\W//g;
-    my $subdir=$uname.'__';
-    $subdir =~ s/(.)(.)(.).*/$1\/$2\/$3/;
-    my $proname="$perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}/$udom/$subdir/$uname";
-    return $proname;
-} 
-
 # --------------------------------------- Is this the home server of an author?
 
 sub ishome {
@@ -1203,7 +5618,7 @@ my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
 open (PIDSAVE,">$execdir/logs/lond.pid");
 print PIDSAVE "$$\n";
 close(PIDSAVE);
-&logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: ---------- Starting ----------</font>");
+&logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: ---------- Starting ----------</font>");
 &status('Starting');
 
 
@@ -1218,8 +5633,9 @@ $SIG{USR1} = \&checkchildren;
 $SIG{USR2} = \&UpdateHosts;
 
 #  Read the host hashes:
+&Apache::lonnet::load_hosts_tab();
 
-ReadHostTable;
+my $dist=`$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/distprobe`;
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------
 #   Accept connections.  When a connection comes in, it is validated
@@ -1236,7 +5652,7 @@ while (1) {
 
 sub make_new_child {
     my $pid;
-    my $cipher;
+#    my $cipher;     # Now global
     my $sigset;
 
     $client = shift;
@@ -1265,9 +5681,10 @@ sub make_new_child {
 	&logthis("Unable to determine who caller was, getpeername returned nothing");
     }
     if (defined($iaddr)) {
-	$clientip=inet_ntoa($iaddr);
+	$clientip  = inet_ntoa($iaddr);
+	Debug("Connected with $clientip");
     } else {
-	&logthis("Unable to determine clinetip");
+	&logthis("Unable to determine clientip");
 	$clientip='Unavailable';
     }
     
@@ -1292,33 +5709,40 @@ sub make_new_child {
         sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, $sigset)
             or die "Can't unblock SIGINT for fork: $!\n";
 
-        my $tmpsnum=0;
+#        my $tmpsnum=0;            # Now global
 #---------------------------------------------------- kerberos 5 initialization
         &Authen::Krb5::init_context();
-        &Authen::Krb5::init_ets();
+	unless (($dist eq 'fedora5') || ($dist eq 'fedora4') ||  
+		($dist eq 'fedora6') || ($dist eq 'suse9.3')) {
+	    &Authen::Krb5::init_ets();
+	}
 
 	&status('Accepted connection');
 # =============================================================================
             # do something with the connection
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-	# see if we know client and check for spoof IP by challenge
+	# see if we know client and 'check' for spoof IP by ineffective challenge
 
-	ReadManagerTable;	# May also be a manager!!
-	
-	my $clientrec=($hostid{$clientip}     ne undef);
-	my $ismanager=($managers{$clientip}    ne undef);
+	my $outsideip=$clientip;
+	if ($clientip eq '127.0.0.1') {
+	    $outsideip=&Apache::lonnet::get_host_ip($perlvar{'lonHostID'});
+	}
+
+	my $clientrec=defined(&Apache::lonnet::get_hosts_from_ip($outsideip));
+	my $ismanager=($managers{$outsideip}    ne undef);
 	$clientname  = "[unknonwn]";
 	if($clientrec) {	# Establish client type.
 	    $ConnectionType = "client";
-	    $clientname = $hostid{$clientip};
+	    $clientname = (&Apache::lonnet::get_hosts_from_ip($outsideip))[-1];
 	    if($ismanager) {
 		$ConnectionType = "both";
 	    }
 	} else {
 	    $ConnectionType = "manager";
-	    $clientname = $managers{$clientip};
+	    $clientname = $managers{$outsideip};
 	}
 	my $clientok;
+
 	if ($clientrec || $ismanager) {
 	    &status("Waiting for init from $clientip $clientname");
 	    &logthis('<font color="yellow">INFO: Connection, '.
@@ -1326,1566 +5750,125 @@ sub make_new_child {
 		  " ($clientname) connection type = $ConnectionType </font>" );
 	    &status("Connecting $clientip  ($clientname))"); 
 	    my $remotereq=<$client>;
-	    $remotereq=~s/[^\w:]//g;
+	    chomp($remotereq);
+	    Debug("Got init: $remotereq");
+
 	    if ($remotereq =~ /^init/) {
 		&sethost("sethost:$perlvar{'lonHostID'}");
-		my $challenge="$$".time;
-		print $client "$challenge\n";
-		&status(
-			"Waiting for challenge reply from $clientip ($clientname)"); 
-		$remotereq=<$client>;
-		$remotereq=~s/\W//g;
-		if ($challenge eq $remotereq) {
-		    $clientok=1;
-		    print $client "ok\n";
+		#
+		#  If the remote is attempting a local init... give that a try:
+		#
+		my ($i, $inittype) = split(/:/, $remotereq);
+
+		# If the connection type is ssl, but I didn't get my
+		# certificate files yet, then I'll drop  back to 
+		# insecure (if allowed).
+		
+		if($inittype eq "ssl") {
+		    my ($ca, $cert) = lonssl::CertificateFile;
+		    my $kfile       = lonssl::KeyFile;
+		    if((!$ca)   || 
+		       (!$cert) || 
+		       (!$kfile)) {
+			$inittype = ""; # This forces insecure attempt.
+			&logthis("<font color=\"blue\"> Certificates not "
+				 ."installed -- trying insecure auth</font>");
+		    } else {	# SSL certificates are in place so
+		    }		# Leave the inittype alone.
+		}
+
+		if($inittype eq "local") {
+		    my $key = LocalConnection($client, $remotereq);
+		    if($key) {
+			Debug("Got local key $key");
+			$clientok     = 1;
+			my $cipherkey = pack("H32", $key);
+			$cipher       = new IDEA($cipherkey);
+			print $client "ok:local\n";
+			&logthis('<font color="green"'
+				 . "Successful local authentication </font>");
+			$keymode = "local"
+		    } else {
+			Debug("Failed to get local key");
+			$clientok = 0;
+			shutdown($client, 3);
+			close $client;
+		    }
+		} elsif ($inittype eq "ssl") {
+		    my $key = SSLConnection($client);
+		    if ($key) {
+			$clientok = 1;
+			my $cipherkey = pack("H32", $key);
+			$cipher       = new IDEA($cipherkey);
+			&logthis('<font color="green">'
+				 ."Successfull ssl authentication with $clientname </font>");
+			$keymode = "ssl";
+	     
+		    } else {
+			$clientok = 0;
+			close $client;
+		    }
+	   
 		} else {
-		    &logthis(
-			     "<font color=blue>WARNING: $clientip did not reply challenge</font>");
-		    &status('No challenge reply '.$clientip);
+		    my $ok = InsecureConnection($client);
+		    if($ok) {
+			$clientok = 1;
+			&logthis('<font color="green">'
+				 ."Successful insecure authentication with $clientname </font>");
+			print $client "ok\n";
+			$keymode = "insecure";
+		    } else {
+			&logthis('<font color="yellow">'
+				  ."Attempted insecure connection disallowed </font>");
+			close $client;
+			$clientok = 0;
+			
+		    }
 		}
 	    } else {
 		&logthis(
-			 "<font color=blue>WARNING: "
+			 "<font color='blue'>WARNING: "
 			 ."$clientip failed to initialize: >$remotereq< </font>");
 		&status('No init '.$clientip);
 	    }
+	    
 	} else {
 	    &logthis(
-		     "<font color=blue>WARNING: Unknown client $clientip</font>");
+		     "<font color='blue'>WARNING: Unknown client $clientip</font>");
 	    &status('Hung up on '.$clientip);
 	}
+ 
 	if ($clientok) {
 # ---------------- New known client connecting, could mean machine online again
-	    
-	    foreach my $id (keys(%hostip)) {
-		if ($hostip{$id} ne $clientip ||
-		    $hostip{$currenthostid} eq $clientip) {
-		    # no need to try to do recon's to myself
-		    next;
-		}
-		&reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$id");
+	    if (&Apache::lonnet::get_host_ip($currenthostid) ne $clientip 
+		&& $clientip ne '127.0.0.1') {
+		&Apache::lonnet::reconlonc($clientname);
 	    }
-	    &logthis("<font color=green>Established connection: $clientname</font>");
+	    &logthis("<font color='green'>Established connection: $clientname</font>");
 	    &status('Will listen to '.$clientname);
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Process requests
-	    while (my $userinput=<$client>) {
-                chomp($userinput);
-		Debug("Request = $userinput\n");
-                &status('Processing '.$clientname.': '.$userinput);
-                my $wasenc=0;
-                alarm(120);
-# ------------------------------------------------------------ See if encrypted
-		if ($userinput =~ /^enc/) {
-		    if ($cipher) {
-			my ($cmd,$cmdlength,$encinput)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$userinput='';
-			for (my $encidx=0;$encidx<length($encinput);$encidx+=16) {
-			    $userinput.=
-				$cipher->decrypt(
-						 pack("H16",substr($encinput,$encidx,16))
-						 );
-			}
-			$userinput=substr($userinput,0,$cmdlength);
-			$wasenc=1;
-		    }
-		}
-		
-# ------------------------------------------------------------- Normal commands
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ping
-		if ($userinput =~ /^ping/) {	# client only
-		    if(isClient) {
-			print $client "$currenthostid\n";
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ pong
-		}elsif ($userinput =~ /^pong/) { # client only
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my $reply=&reply("ping",$clientname);
-			print $client "$currenthostid:$reply\n"; 
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ekey
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^ekey/) { # ok for both clients & mgrs
-		    my $buildkey=time.$$.int(rand 100000);
-		    $buildkey=~tr/1-6/A-F/;
-		    $buildkey=int(rand 100000).$buildkey.int(rand 100000);
-		    my $key=$currenthostid.$clientname;
-		    $key=~tr/a-z/A-Z/;
-		    $key=~tr/G-P/0-9/;
-		    $key=~tr/Q-Z/0-9/;
-		    $key=$key.$buildkey.$key.$buildkey.$key.$buildkey;
-		    $key=substr($key,0,32);
-		    my $cipherkey=pack("H32",$key);
-		    $cipher=new IDEA $cipherkey;
-		    print $client "$buildkey\n"; 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ load
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^load/) { # client only
-		    if (isClient) {
-			my $loadavg;
-			{
-			    my $loadfile=IO::File->new('/proc/loadavg');
-			    $loadavg=<$loadfile>;
-			}
-			$loadavg =~ s/\s.*//g;
-			my $loadpercent=100*$loadavg/$perlvar{'lonLoadLim'};
-			print $client "$loadpercent\n";
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-	       
-		    }
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------- userload
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^userload/) { # client only
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my $userloadpercent=&userload();
-			print $client "$userloadpercent\n";
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		     
-		    }
-#
-#        Transactions requiring encryption:
-#
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------- currentauth
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^currentauth/) {
-		    if (($wasenc==1)  && isClient) { # Encoded & client only.
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			my $result = GetAuthType($udom, $uname);
-			if($result eq "nouser") {
-			    print $client "unknown_user\n";
-			}
-			else {
-			    print $client "$result\n"
-			    }
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-			
-		    }
-#--------------------------------------------------------------------- pushfile
-		} elsif($userinput =~ /^pushfile/) {	# encoded & manager.
-		    if(($wasenc == 1) && isManager) {
-			my $cert = GetCertificate($userinput);
-			if(ValidManager($cert)) {
-			    my $reply = PushFile($userinput);
-			    print $client "$reply\n";
-			} else {
-			    print $client "refused\n";
-			} 
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-			
-		    }
-#--------------------------------------------------------------------- reinit
-		} elsif($userinput =~ /^reinit/) { # Encoded and manager
-			if (($wasenc == 1) && isManager) {
-				my $cert = GetCertificate($userinput);
-				if(ValidManager($cert)) {
-					chomp($userinput);
-					my $reply = ReinitProcess($userinput);
-					print $client  "$reply\n";
-				} else {
-					 print $client "refused\n";
-				}
-			} else {
-				Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-			}
-#------------------------------------------------------------------------- edit
-		    } elsif ($userinput =~ /^edit/) {    # encoded and manager:
-			if(($wasenc ==1) && (isManager)) {
-			    my $cert = GetCertificate($userinput);
-			    if(ValidManager($cert)) {
-               my($command, $filetype, $script) = split(/:/, $userinput);
-               if (($filetype eq "hosts") || ($filetype eq "domain")) {
-                  if($script ne "") {
-		      Reply($client, EditFile($userinput));
-                  } else {
-                     Reply($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
-                  }
-               } else {
-                  Reply($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
-               }
-            } else {
-               Reply($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
-            }
-         } else {
-	     Reply($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
-	 }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ auth
-		    } elsif ($userinput =~ /^auth/) { # Encoded and client only.
-		    if (($wasenc==1) && isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$upass)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($upass);
-			$upass=unescape($upass);
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my $passfilename="$proname/passwd";
-			if (-e $passfilename) {
-			    my $pf = IO::File->new($passfilename);
-			    my $realpasswd=<$pf>;
-			    chomp($realpasswd);
-			    my ($howpwd,$contentpwd)=split(/:/,$realpasswd);
-			    my $pwdcorrect=0;
-			    if ($howpwd eq 'internal') {
-				&Debug("Internal auth");
-				$pwdcorrect=
-				    (crypt($upass,$contentpwd) eq $contentpwd);
-			    } elsif ($howpwd eq 'unix') {
-				&Debug("Unix auth");
-				if((getpwnam($uname))[1] eq "") { #no such user!
-				    $pwdcorrect = 0;
-				} else {
-				    $contentpwd=(getpwnam($uname))[1];
-				    my $pwauth_path="/usr/local/sbin/pwauth";
-				    unless ($contentpwd eq 'x') {
-					$pwdcorrect=
-					    (crypt($upass,$contentpwd) eq 
-					     $contentpwd);
-				    }
-				    
-				    elsif (-e $pwauth_path) {
-					open PWAUTH, "|$pwauth_path" or
-					    die "Cannot invoke authentication";
-					print PWAUTH "$uname\n$upass\n";
-					close PWAUTH;
-					$pwdcorrect=!$?;
-				    }
-				}
-			    } elsif ($howpwd eq 'krb4') {
-				my $null=pack("C",0);
-				unless ($upass=~/$null/) {
-				    my $krb4_error = &Authen::Krb4::get_pw_in_tkt
-					($uname,"",$contentpwd,'krbtgt',
-					 $contentpwd,1,$upass);
-				    if (!$krb4_error) {
-					$pwdcorrect = 1;
-				    } else { 
-					$pwdcorrect=0; 
-					# log error if it is not a bad password
-					if ($krb4_error != 62) {
-					    &logthis('krb4:'.$uname.','.$contentpwd.','.
-						     &Authen::Krb4::get_err_txt($Authen::Krb4::error));
-					}
-				    }
-				}
-			    } elsif ($howpwd eq 'krb5') {
-				my $null=pack("C",0);
-				unless ($upass=~/$null/) {
-				    my $krbclient=&Authen::Krb5::parse_name($uname.'@'.$contentpwd);
-				    my $krbservice="krbtgt/".$contentpwd."\@".$contentpwd;
-				    my $krbserver=&Authen::Krb5::parse_name($krbservice);
-				    my $credentials=&Authen::Krb5::cc_default();
-				    $credentials->initialize($krbclient);
-				    my $krbreturn = 
-					&Authen::Krb5::get_in_tkt_with_password(
-										$krbclient,$krbserver,$upass,$credentials);
-#				  unless ($krbreturn) {
-#				      &logthis("Krb5 Error: ".
-#					       &Authen::Krb5::error());
-#				  }
-				    $pwdcorrect = ($krbreturn == 1);
-				} else { $pwdcorrect=0; }
-			    } elsif ($howpwd eq 'localauth') {
-				$pwdcorrect=&localauth::localauth($uname,$upass,
-								  $contentpwd);
-			    }
-			    if ($pwdcorrect) {
-				print $client "authorized\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "non_authorized\n";
-			    }  
-			} else {
-			    print $client "unknown_user\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		       
-		    }
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------- passwd
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^passwd/) { # encoded and client
-		    if (($wasenc==1) && isClient) {
-			my 
-			    ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$upass,$npass)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($npass);
-			$upass=&unescape($upass);
-			$npass=&unescape($npass);
-			&Debug("Trying to change password for $uname");
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my $passfilename="$proname/passwd";
-			if (-e $passfilename) {
-			    my $realpasswd;
-			    { my $pf = IO::File->new($passfilename);
-			      $realpasswd=<$pf>; }
-			    chomp($realpasswd);
-			    my ($howpwd,$contentpwd)=split(/:/,$realpasswd);
-			    if ($howpwd eq 'internal') {
-				&Debug("internal auth");
-				if (crypt($upass,$contentpwd) eq $contentpwd) {
-				    my $salt=time;
-				    $salt=substr($salt,6,2);
-				    my $ncpass=crypt($npass,$salt);
-				    {
-					my $pf;
-					if ($pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename")) {
-					    print $pf "internal:$ncpass\n";
-					    &logthis("Result of password change for $uname: pwchange_success");
-					    print $client "ok\n";
-					} else {
-					    &logthis("Unable to open $uname passwd to change password");
-					    print $client "non_authorized\n";
-					}
-				    }             
-				    
-				} else {
-				    print $client "non_authorized\n";
-				}
-			    } elsif ($howpwd eq 'unix') {
-				# Unix means we have to access /etc/password
-				# one way or another.
-				# First: Make sure the current password is
-				#        correct
-				&Debug("auth is unix");
-				$contentpwd=(getpwnam($uname))[1];
-				my $pwdcorrect = "0";
-				my $pwauth_path="/usr/local/sbin/pwauth";
-				unless ($contentpwd eq 'x') {
-				    $pwdcorrect=
-					(crypt($upass,$contentpwd) eq $contentpwd);
-				} elsif (-e $pwauth_path) {
-				    open PWAUTH, "|$pwauth_path" or
-					die "Cannot invoke authentication";
-				    print PWAUTH "$uname\n$upass\n";
-				    close PWAUTH;
-				    &Debug("exited pwauth with $? ($uname,$upass) ");
-				    $pwdcorrect=($? == 0);
-				}
-				if ($pwdcorrect) {
-				    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-				    &Debug("Opening lcpasswd pipeline");
-				    my $pf = IO::File->new("|$execdir/lcpasswd > $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/logs/lcpasswd.log");
-				    print $pf "$uname\n$npass\n$npass\n";
-				    close $pf;
-				    my $err = $?;
-				    my $result = ($err>0 ? 'pwchange_failure' 
-						  : 'ok');
-				    &logthis("Result of password change for $uname: ".
-					     &lcpasswdstrerror($?));
-				    print $client "$result\n";
-				} else {
-				    print $client "non_authorized\n";
-				}
-			    } else {
-				print $client "auth_mode_error\n";
-			    }  
-			} else {
-			    print $client "unknown_user\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		       
-		    }
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------- makeuser
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^makeuser/) { # encoded and client.
-		    &Debug("Make user received");
-		    my $oldumask=umask(0077);
-		    if (($wasenc==1) && isClient) {
-			my 
-			    ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$umode,$npass)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			&Debug("cmd =".$cmd." $udom =".$udom.
-			       " uname=".$uname);
-			chomp($npass);
-			$npass=&unescape($npass);
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my $passfilename="$proname/passwd";
-			&Debug("Password file created will be:".
-			       $passfilename);
-			if (-e $passfilename) {
-			    print $client "already_exists\n";
-			} elsif ($udom ne $currentdomainid) {
-			    print $client "not_right_domain\n";
-			} else {
-			    my @fpparts=split(/\//,$proname);
-			    my $fpnow=$fpparts[0].'/'.$fpparts[1].'/'.$fpparts[2];
-			    my $fperror='';
-			    for (my $i=3;$i<=$#fpparts;$i++) {
-				$fpnow.='/'.$fpparts[$i]; 
-				unless (-e $fpnow) {
-				    unless (mkdir($fpnow,0777)) {
-					$fperror="error: ".($!+0)
-					    ." mkdir failed while attempting "
-					    ."makeuser";
-				    }
-				}
-			    }
-			    unless ($fperror) {
-				my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass,
-							     $passfilename);
-				print $client $result;
-			    } else {
-				print $client "$fperror\n";
-			    }
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-	      
-		    }
-		    umask($oldumask);
-# -------------------------------------------------------------- changeuserauth
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^changeuserauth/) { # encoded & client
-		    &Debug("Changing authorization");
-		    if (($wasenc==1) && isClient) {
-			my 
-			    ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$umode,$npass)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($npass);
-			&Debug("cmd = ".$cmd." domain= ".$udom.
-			       "uname =".$uname." umode= ".$umode);
-			$npass=&unescape($npass);
-			my $proname=&propath($udom,$uname);
-			my $passfilename="$proname/passwd";
-			if ($udom ne $currentdomainid) {
-			    print $client "not_right_domain\n";
-			} else {
-			    my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass,
-							 $passfilename);
-			    print $client $result;
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		   
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ home
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^home/) { # client clear or encoded
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($uname);
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			if (-e $proname) {
-			    print $client "found\n";
-			} else {
-			    print $client "not_found\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-
-		    }
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------- update
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^update/) { # client clear or encoded.
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$fname)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			my $ownership=ishome($fname);
-			if ($ownership eq 'not_owner') {
-			    if (-e $fname) {
-				my ($dev,$ino,$mode,$nlink,
-				    $uid,$gid,$rdev,$size,
-				    $atime,$mtime,$ctime,
-				    $blksize,$blocks)=stat($fname);
-				my $now=time;
-				my $since=$now-$atime;
-				if ($since>$perlvar{'lonExpire'}) {
-				    my $reply=
-					&reply("unsub:$fname","$clientname");
-				    unlink("$fname");
-				} else {
-				    my $transname="$fname.in.transfer";
-				    my $remoteurl=
-					&reply("sub:$fname","$clientname");
-				    my $response;
-				    {
-					my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
-					my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$remoteurl");
-					$response=$ua->request($request,$transname);
-				    }
-				    if ($response->is_error()) {
-					unlink($transname);
-					my $message=$response->status_line;
-					&logthis(
-						 "LWP GET: $message for $fname ($remoteurl)");
-				    } else {
-					if ($remoteurl!~/\.meta$/) {
-					    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
-					    my $mrequest=
-						new HTTP::Request('GET',$remoteurl.'.meta');
-					    my $mresponse=
-						$ua->request($mrequest,$fname.'.meta');
-					    if ($mresponse->is_error()) {
-						unlink($fname.'.meta');
-					    }
-					}
-					rename($transname,$fname);
-				    }
-				}
-				print $client "ok\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "not_found\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "rejected\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-
-		    }
-# -------------------------------------- fetch a user file from a remote server
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^fetchuserfile/) { # Client clear or enc.
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$fname)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			my ($udom,$uname,$ufile) = ($fname =~ m|^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/(.+)$|);
-			my $udir=propath($udom,$uname).'/userfiles';
-			unless (-e $udir) { mkdir($udir,0770); }
-			if (-e $udir) {
-                            $ufile=~s/^[\.\~]+//;
-                            my $path = $udir;
-                            if ($ufile =~m|(.+)/([^/]+)$|) {
-                                my @parts=split('/',$1);
-                                foreach my $part (@parts) {
-                                    $path .= '/'.$part;
-                                    if ((-e $path)!=1) {
-                                        mkdir($path,0770);
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            }
-			    my $destname=$udir.'/'.$ufile;
-			    my $transname=$udir.'/'.$ufile.'.in.transit';
-			    my $remoteurl='http://'.$clientip.'/userfiles/'.$fname;
-			    my $response;
-			    {
-				my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
-				my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$remoteurl");
-				$response=$ua->request($request,$transname);
-			    }
-			    if ($response->is_error()) {
-				unlink($transname);
-				my $message=$response->status_line;
-				&logthis("LWP GET: $message for $fname ($remoteurl)");
-				print $client "failed\n";
-			    } else {
-				if (!rename($transname,$destname)) {
-				    &logthis("Unable to move $transname to $destname");
-				    unlink($transname);
-				    print $client "failed\n";
-				} else {
-				    print $client "ok\n";
-				}
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "not_home\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		    }
-# --------------------------------------------------------- remove a user file 
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^removeuserfile/) { # Client clear or enc.
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$fname)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			my ($udom,$uname,$ufile) = ($fname =~ m|^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/(.+)$|);
-			&logthis("$udom - $uname - $ufile");
-			if ($ufile =~m|/\.\./|) {
-			    # any files paths with /../ in them refuse 
-                            # to deal with
-			    print $client "refused\n";
-			} else {
-			    my $udir=propath($udom,$uname);
-			    if (-e $udir) {
-				my $file=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$ufile;
-				if (-e $file) {
-				    unlink($file);
-				    if (-e $file) {
-					print $client "failed\n";
-				    } else {
-					print $client "ok\n";
-				    }
-				} else {
-				    print $client "not_found\n";
-				}
-			    } else {
-				print $client "not_home\n";
-			    }
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------ authenticate access to a user file
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^tokenauthuserfile/) { # Client only
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$fname,$session)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($session);
-			my $reply='non_auth';
-			if (open(ENVIN,$perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.
-				 $session.'.id')) {
-			    while (my $line=<ENVIN>) {
-				if ($line=~ m|userfile\.\Q$fname\E\=|) { $reply='ok'; }
-			    }
-			    close(ENVIN);
-			    print $client $reply."\n";
-			} else {
-			    print $client "invalid_token\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-
-		    }
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------- unsubscribe
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^unsub/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$fname)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			if (-e $fname) {
-			    print $client &unsub($client,$fname,$clientip);
-			} else {
-			    print $client "not_found\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------- subscribe
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^sub/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			print $client &subscribe($userinput,$clientip);
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------- current version
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^currentversion/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$fname)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			print $client &currentversion($fname)."\n";
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------- log
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^log/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$what)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($what);
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my $now=time;
-			{
-			    my $hfh;
-			    if ($hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/activity.log")) { 
-				print $hfh "$now:$clientname:$what\n";
-				print $client "ok\n"; 
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." IO::File->new Failed "
-				    ."while attempting log\n";
-			    }
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------- put
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^put/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$what)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-			$namespace=~s/\W//g;
-			if ($namespace ne 'roles') {
-			    chomp($what);
-			    my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			    my $now=time;
-			    unless ($namespace=~/^nohist\_/) {
-				my $hfh;
-				if (
-				    $hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/$namespace.hist")
-				    ) { print $hfh "P:$now:$what\n"; }
-			    }
-			    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
-			    my %hash;
-			    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
-				    "$proname/$namespace.db",
-				    &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-				foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
-				    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
-				    $hash{$key}=$value;
-				}
-				if (untie(%hash)) {
-				    print $client "ok\n";
-				} else {
-				    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-					." untie(GDBM) failed ".
-					"while attempting put\n";
-				}
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!)
-				    ." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting put\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "refused\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------- inc
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^inc:/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$what)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-			$namespace=~s/\W//g;
-			if ($namespace ne 'roles') {
-			    chomp($what);
-			    my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			    my $now=time;
-			    unless ($namespace=~/^nohist\_/) {
-				my $hfh;
-				if (
-				    $hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/$namespace.hist")
-				    ) { print $hfh "P:$now:$what\n"; }
-			    }
-			    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
-			    my %hash;
-			    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
-				    "$proname/$namespace.db",
-				    &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-				foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
-				    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
-                                    # We could check that we have a number...
-                                    if (! defined($value) || $value eq '') {
-                                        $value = 1;
-                                    }
-				    $hash{$key}+=$value;
-				}
-				if (untie(%hash)) {
-				    print $client "ok\n";
-				} else {
-				    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-					." untie(GDBM) failed ".
-					"while attempting inc\n";
-				}
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!)
-				    ." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting inc\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "refused\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-
-		    }
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------- rolesput
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^rolesput/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			&Debug("rolesput");
-			if ($wasenc==1) {
-			    my ($cmd,$exedom,$exeuser,$udom,$uname,$what)
-				=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			    &Debug("cmd = ".$cmd." exedom= ".$exedom.
-				   "user = ".$exeuser." udom=".$udom.
-				   "what = ".$what);
-			    my $namespace='roles';
-			    chomp($what);
-			    my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			    my $now=time;
-			    {
-				my $hfh;
-				if (
-				    $hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/$namespace.hist")
-				    ) { 
-				    print $hfh "P:$now:$exedom:$exeuser:$what\n";
-				}
-			    }
-			    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
-			    my %hash;
-			    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",&GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-				foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
-				    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
-				    &ManagePermissions($key, $udom, $uname,
-						       &GetAuthType( $udom, 
-								     $uname));
-				    $hash{$key}=$value;
-				}
-				if (untie(%hash)) {
-				    print $client "ok\n";
-				} else {
-				    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-					." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-					"while attempting rolesput\n";
-				}
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting rolesput\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "refused\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		  
-		    }
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------- rolesdel
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^rolesdel/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			&Debug("rolesdel");
-			if ($wasenc==1) {
-			    my ($cmd,$exedom,$exeuser,$udom,$uname,$what)
-				=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			    &Debug("cmd = ".$cmd." exedom= ".$exedom.
-				   "user = ".$exeuser." udom=".$udom.
-				   "what = ".$what);
-			    my $namespace='roles';
-			    chomp($what);
-			    my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			    my $now=time;
-			    {
-				my $hfh;
-				if (
-				    $hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/$namespace.hist")
-				    ) { 
-				    print $hfh "D:$now:$exedom:$exeuser:$what\n";
-				}
-			    }
-			    my @rolekeys=split(/\&/,$what);
-			    my %hash;
-			    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",&GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-				foreach my $key (@rolekeys) {
-				    delete $hash{$key};
-				}
-				if (untie(%hash)) {
-				    print $client "ok\n";
-				} else {
-				    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-					." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-					"while attempting rolesdel\n";
-				}
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting rolesdel\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "refused\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		      
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------- get
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^get/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$what)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-			$namespace=~s/\W//g;
-			chomp($what);
-			my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my $qresult='';
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-			    for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
-				$qresult.="$hash{$queries[$i]}&";
-			    }
-			    if (untie(%hash)) {
-				$qresult=~s/\&$//;
-				print $client "$qresult\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting get\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    if ($!+0 == 2) {
-				print $client "error:No such file or ".
-				    "GDBM reported bad block error\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting get\n";
-			    }
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		       
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ eget
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^eget/) {
-		    if (isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$what)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-			$namespace=~s/\W//g;
-			chomp($what);
-			my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my $qresult='';
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-			    for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
-				$qresult.="$hash{$queries[$i]}&";
-			    }
-			    if (untie(%hash)) {
-				$qresult=~s/\&$//;
-				if ($cipher) {
-				    my $cmdlength=length($qresult);
-				    $qresult.="         ";
-				    my $encqresult='';
-				    for 
-					(my $encidx=0;$encidx<=$cmdlength;$encidx+=8) {
-					    $encqresult.=
-						unpack("H16",
-						       $cipher->encrypt(substr($qresult,$encidx,8)));
-					}
-				    print $client "enc:$cmdlength:$encqresult\n";
-				} else {
-				    print $client "error:no_key\n";
-				}
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting eget\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				"while attempting eget\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		    
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------- del
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^del/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$what)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-			$namespace=~s/\W//g;
-			chomp($what);
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my $now=time;
-			unless ($namespace=~/^nohist\_/) {
-			    my $hfh;
-			    if (
-				$hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/$namespace.hist")
-				) { print $hfh "D:$now:$what\n"; }
-			}
-			my @keys=split(/\&/,$what);
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",&GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-			    foreach my $key (@keys) {
-				delete($hash{$key});
-			    }
-			    if (untie(%hash)) {
-				print $client "ok\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting del\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				"while attempting del\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-			
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ keys
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^keys/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-			$namespace=~s/\W//g;
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my $qresult='';
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-			    foreach my $key (keys %hash) {
-				$qresult.="$key&";
-			    }
-			    if (untie(%hash)) {
-				$qresult=~s/\&$//;
-				print $client "$qresult\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting keys\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				"while attempting keys\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		   
-		    }
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------- dumpcurrent
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^currentdump/) {
-		    if (isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-			$namespace=~s/\W//g;
-			my $qresult='';
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
-				"$proname/$namespace.db",
-				&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-			    # Structure of %data:
-			    # $data{$symb}->{$parameter}=$value;
-			    # $data{$symb}->{'v.'.$parameter}=$version;
-			    # since $parameter will be unescaped, we do not
-			    # have to worry about silly parameter names...
-			    my %data = ();
-			    while (my ($key,$value) = each(%hash)) {
-				my ($v,$symb,$param) = split(/:/,$key);
-				next if ($v eq 'version' || $symb eq 'keys');
-				next if (exists($data{$symb}) && 
-					 exists($data{$symb}->{$param}) &&
-					 $data{$symb}->{'v.'.$param} > $v);
-				$data{$symb}->{$param}=$value;
-				$data{$symb}->{'v.'.$param}=$v;
-			    }
-			    if (untie(%hash)) {
-				while (my ($symb,$param_hash) = each(%data)) {
-				    while(my ($param,$value) = each (%$param_hash)){
-					next if ($param =~ /^v\./);
-					$qresult.=$symb.':'.$param.'='.$value.'&';
-				    }
-				}
-				chop($qresult);
-				print $client "$qresult\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting currentdump\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				"while attempting currentdump\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ dump
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^dump/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$regexp)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-			$namespace=~s/\W//g;
-			if (defined($regexp)) {
-			    $regexp=&unescape($regexp);
-			} else {
-			    $regexp='.';
-			}
-			my $qresult='';
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-			       while (my ($key,$value) = each(%hash)) {
-				   if ($regexp eq '.') {
-				       $qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
-				   } else {
-				       my $unescapeKey = &unescape($key);
-				       if (eval('$unescapeKey=~/$regexp/')) {
-					   $qresult.="$key=$value&";
-				       }
-				   }
-			       }
-			       if (untie(%hash)) {
-				   chop($qresult);
-				   print $client "$qresult\n";
-			       } else {
-				   print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				       ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-                                       "while attempting dump\n";
-			       }
-			   } else {
-			       print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				   ." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				   "while attempting dump\n";
-			   }
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		 
-		    }
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- store
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^store/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$rid,$what)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-			$namespace=~s/\W//g;
-			if ($namespace ne 'roles') {
-			    chomp($what);
-			    my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			    my $now=time;
-			    unless ($namespace=~/^nohist\_/) {
-				my $hfh;
-				if (
-				    $hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/$namespace.hist")
-				    ) { print $hfh "P:$now:$rid:$what\n"; }
-			    }
-			    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
-			    my %hash;
-			    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",&GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-				my @previouskeys=split(/&/,$hash{"keys:$rid"});
-				my $key;
-				$hash{"version:$rid"}++;
-				my $version=$hash{"version:$rid"};
-				my $allkeys=''; 
-				foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
-				    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
-				    $allkeys.=$key.':';
-				    $hash{"$version:$rid:$key"}=$value;
-				}
-				$hash{"$version:$rid:timestamp"}=$now;
-				$allkeys.='timestamp';
-				$hash{"$version:keys:$rid"}=$allkeys;
-				if (untie(%hash)) {
-				    print $client "ok\n";
-				} else {
-				    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-					." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-					"while attempting store\n";
-				}
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting store\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "refused\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		     
-		    }
-# --------------------------------------------------------------------- restore
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^restore/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$rid)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			$namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-			$namespace=~s/\W//g;
-			chomp($rid);
-			my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
-			my $qresult='';
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-			    my $version=$hash{"version:$rid"};
-			    $qresult.="version=$version&";
-			    my $scope;
-			    for ($scope=1;$scope<=$version;$scope++) {
-				my $vkeys=$hash{"$scope:keys:$rid"};
-				my @keys=split(/:/,$vkeys);
-				my $key;
-				$qresult.="$scope:keys=$vkeys&";
-				foreach $key (@keys) {
-				    $qresult.="$scope:$key=".$hash{"$scope:$rid:$key"}."&";
-				}                                  
-			    }
-			    if (untie(%hash)) {
-				$qresult=~s/\&$//;
-				print $client "$qresult\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting restore\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				"while attempting restore\n";
-			}
-		    } else  {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		       
-		    }
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------- chatsend
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^chatsend/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$cdom,$cnum,$newpost)=split(/\:/,$userinput);
-			&chatadd($cdom,$cnum,$newpost);
-			print $client "ok\n";
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		      
-		    }
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------- chatretr
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^chatretr/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my 
-			    ($cmd,$cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname)=split(/\:/,$userinput);
-			my $reply='';
-			foreach (&getchat($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname)) {
-			    $reply.=&escape($_).':';
-			}
-			$reply=~s/\:$//;
-			print $client $reply."\n";
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		       
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------- querysend
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^querysend/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$query,
-			    $arg1,$arg2,$arg3)=split(/\:/,$userinput);
-			$query=~s/\n*$//g;
-			print $client "".
-			    sqlreply("$clientname\&$query".
-				     "\&$arg1"."\&$arg2"."\&$arg3")."\n";
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		      
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ queryreply
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^queryreply/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$id,$reply)=split(/:/,$userinput); 
-			my $store;
-			my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-			if ($store=IO::File->new(">$execdir/tmp/$id")) {
-			    $reply=~s/\&/\n/g;
-			    print $store $reply;
-			    close $store;
-			    my $store2=IO::File->new(">$execdir/tmp/$id.end");
-			    print $store2 "done\n";
-			    close $store2;
-			    print $client "ok\n";
-			}
-			else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				." IO::File->new Failed ".
-				"while attempting queryreply\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		     
-		    }
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------- courseidput
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^courseidput/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$what)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($what);
-			$udom=~s/\W//g;
-			my $proname=
-			    "$perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}/$udom/nohist_courseids";
-			my $now=time;
-			my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname.db",&GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-			    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
-				my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
-				$hash{$key}=$value.':'.$now;
-			    }
-			    if (untie(%hash)) {
-				print $client "ok\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting courseidput\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				"while attempting courseidput\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		       
-		    }
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------- courseiddump
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^courseiddump/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$since,$description)
-			    =split(/:/,$userinput);
-			if (defined($description)) {
-			    $description=&unescape($description);
-			} else {
-			    $description='.';
-			}
-			unless (defined($since)) { $since=0; }
-			my $qresult='';
-			my $proname=
-			    "$perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}/$udom/nohist_courseids";
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname.db",&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-			    while (my ($key,$value) = each(%hash)) {
-				my ($descr,$lasttime)=split(/\:/,$value);
-				if ($lasttime<$since) { next; }
-				if ($description eq '.') {
-				    $qresult.=$key.'='.$descr.'&';
-				} else {
-				    my $unescapeVal = &unescape($descr);
-				    if (eval('$unescapeVal=~/$description/i')) {
-					$qresult.="$key=$descr&";
-				    }
-				}
-			    }
-			    if (untie(%hash)) {
-				chop($qresult);
-				print $client "$qresult\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting courseiddump\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				"while attempting courseiddump\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		       
-		    }
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- idput
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^idput/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$what)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($what);
-			$udom=~s/\W//g;
-			my $proname="$perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}/$udom/ids";
-			my $now=time;
-			{
-			    my $hfh;
-			    if (
-				$hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname.hist")
-				) { print $hfh "P:$now:$what\n"; }
-			}
-			my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname.db",&GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-			    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
-				my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
-				$hash{$key}=$value;
-			    }
-			    if (untie(%hash)) {
-				print $client "ok\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting idput\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				"while attempting idput\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		       
-		    }
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- idget
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^idget/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$udom,$what)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($what);
-			$udom=~s/\W//g;
-			my $proname="$perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}/$udom/ids";
-			my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
-			my $qresult='';
-			my %hash;
-			if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname.db",&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-			    for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
-				$qresult.="$hash{$queries[$i]}&";
-			    }
-			    if (untie(%hash)) {
-				$qresult=~s/\&$//;
-				print $client "$qresult\n";
-			    } else {
-				print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				    ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				    "while attempting idget\n";
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-				"while attempting idget\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		       
-		    }
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------- tmpput
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^tmpput/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$what)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			my $store;
-			$tmpsnum++;
-			my $id=$$.'_'.$clientip.'_'.$tmpsnum;
-			$id=~s/\W/\_/g;
-			$what=~s/\n//g;
-			my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-			if ($store=IO::File->new(">$execdir/tmp/$id.tmp")) {
-			    print $store $what;
-			    close $store;
-			    print $client "$id\n";
-			}
-			else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				."IO::File->new Failed ".
-				"while attempting tmpput\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		    
-		    }
-		    
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------- tmpget
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^tmpget/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$id)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($id);
-			$id=~s/\W/\_/g;
-			my $store;
-			my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-			if ($store=IO::File->new("$execdir/tmp/$id.tmp")) {
-			    my $reply=<$store>;
-			    print $client "$reply\n";
-			    close $store;
-			}
-			else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				."IO::File->new Failed ".
-				"while attempting tmpget\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		      
-		    }
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------- tmpdel
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^tmpdel/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$id)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($id);
-			$id=~s/\W/\_/g;
-			my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-			if (unlink("$execdir/tmp/$id.tmp")) {
-			    print $client "ok\n";
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)
-				."Unlink tmp Failed ".
-				"while attempting tmpdel\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		     
-		    }
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ls
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^ls/) {
-		    if(isClient) {
-			my $obs;
-			my $rights;
-			my ($cmd,$ulsdir)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			my $ulsout='';
-			my $ulsfn;
-			if (-e $ulsdir) {
-			    if(-d $ulsdir) {
-				if (opendir(LSDIR,$ulsdir)) {
-				    while ($ulsfn=readdir(LSDIR)) {
-					undef $obs, $rights; 
-					my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn);
-					#We do some obsolete checking here
-					if(-e $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta") { 
-					    open(FILE, $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta");
-					    my @obsolete=<FILE>;
-					    foreach my $obsolete (@obsolete) {
-					        if($obsolete =~ m|(<obsolete>)(on)|) { $obs = 1; } 
-						if($obsolete =~ m|(<copyright>)(default)|) { $rights = 1; }
-					    }
-					}
-					$ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats);
-					if($obs eq '1') { $ulsout.="&1"; }
-					else { $ulsout.="&0"; }
-					if($rights eq '1') { $ulsout.="&1:"; }
-					else { $ulsout.="&0:"; }
-				    }
-				    closedir(LSDIR);
-				}
-			    } else {
-				my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir);
-				$ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats).':';
-			    }
-			} else {
-			    $ulsout='no_such_dir';
-			}
-			if ($ulsout eq '') { $ulsout='empty'; }
-			print $client "$ulsout\n";
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		     
-		    }
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------- setannounce
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^setannounce/) {
-		    if (isClient) {
-			my ($cmd,$announcement)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-			chomp($announcement);
-			$announcement=&unescape($announcement);
-			if (my $store=IO::File->new('>'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.
-						    '/announcement.txt')) {
-			    print $store $announcement;
-			    close $store;
-			    print $client "ok\n";
-			} else {
-			    print $client "error: ".($!+0)."\n";
-			}
-		    } else {
-			Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-		       
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ Hanging up
-		} elsif (($userinput =~ /^exit/) ||
-			 ($userinput =~ /^init/)) { # no restrictions.
-		    &logthis(
-			     "Client $clientip ($clientname) hanging up: $userinput");
-		    print $client "bye\n";
-		    $client->shutdown(2);        # shutdown the socket forcibly.
-		    $client->close();
-		    last;
-
-# ---------------------------------- set current host/domain
-		} elsif ($userinput =~ /^sethost:/) {
-		    if (isClient) {
-			print $client &sethost($userinput)."\n";
-		    } else {
-			print $client "refused\n";
-		    }
-#---------------------------------- request file (?) version.
-		} elsif ($userinput =~/^version:/) {
-		    if (isClient) {
-			print $client &version($userinput)."\n";
-		    } else {
-			print $client "refused\n";
-		    }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------- unknown command
-
-		} else {
-		    # unknown command
-		    print $client "unknown_cmd\n";
-		}
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------- complete
+	    my $keep_going = 1;
+	    my $user_input;
+	    while(($user_input = get_request) && $keep_going) {
+		alarm(120);
+		Debug("Main: Got $user_input\n");
+		$keep_going = &process_request($user_input);
 		alarm(0);
-		&status('Listening to '.$clientname);
+		&status('Listening to '.$clientname." ($keymode)");	   
 	    }
+
 # --------------------------------------------- client unknown or fishy, refuse
-	} else {
+	}  else {
 	    print $client "refused\n";
 	    $client->close();
-	    &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: "
+	    &logthis("<font color='blue'>WARNING: "
 		     ."Rejected client $clientip, closing connection</font>");
 	}
-    }             
+    }            
     
 # =============================================================================
     
-    &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: "
+    &logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: "
 	     ."Disconnect from $clientip ($clientname)</font>");    
     
     
@@ -2895,8 +5878,38 @@ sub make_new_child {
     exit;
     
 }
+#
+#   Determine if a user is an author for the indicated domain.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    domain          - domain to check in .
+#    user            - Name of user to check.
+#
+# Return:
+#     1             - User is an author for domain.
+#     0             - User is not an author for domain.
+sub is_author {
+    my ($domain, $user) = @_;
+
+    &Debug("is_author: $user @ $domain");
+
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($domain, $user, "roles",
+				 &GDBM_READER());
 
+    #  Author role should show up as a key /domain/_au
 
+    my $key    = "/$domain/_au";
+    my $value;
+    if (defined($hashref)) {
+	$value = $hashref->{$key};
+    }
+
+    if(defined($value)) {
+	&Debug("$user @ $domain is an author");
+    }
+
+    return defined($value);
+}
 #
 #   Checks to see if the input roleput request was to set
 # an author role.  If so, invokes the lchtmldir script to set
@@ -2908,32 +5921,98 @@ sub make_new_child {
 #    user      - Name of the user for which the role is being put.
 #    authtype  - The authentication type associated with the user.
 #
-sub ManagePermissions
-{
-    my $request = shift;
-    my $domain  = shift;
-    my $user    = shift;
-    my $authtype= shift;
+sub manage_permissions {
+    my ($request, $domain, $user, $authtype) = @_;
+
+    &Debug("manage_permissions: $request $domain $user $authtype");
 
     # See if the request is of the form /$domain/_au
-    if($request =~ /^(\/$domain\/_au)$/) { # It's an author rolesput...
+    if($request =~ /^(\/\Q$domain\E\/_au)$/) { # It's an author rolesput...
 	my $execdir = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
 	my $userhome= "/home/$user" ;
 	&logthis("system $execdir/lchtmldir $userhome $user $authtype");
+	&Debug("Setting homedir permissions for $userhome");
 	system("$execdir/lchtmldir $userhome $user $authtype");
     }
 }
+
+
+#
+#  Return the full path of a user password file, whether it exists or not.
+# Parameters:
+#   domain     - Domain in which the password file lives.
+#   user       - name of the user.
+# Returns:
+#    Full passwd path:
+#
+sub password_path {
+    my ($domain, $user) = @_;
+    return &propath($domain, $user).'/passwd';
+}
+
+#   Password Filename
+#   Returns the path to a passwd file given domain and user... only if
+#  it exists.
+# Parameters:
+#   domain    - Domain in which to search.
+#   user      - username.
+# Returns:
+#   - If the password file exists returns its path.
+#   - If the password file does not exist, returns undefined.
+#
+sub password_filename {
+    my ($domain, $user) = @_;
+
+    Debug ("PasswordFilename called: dom = $domain user = $user");
+
+    my $path  = &password_path($domain, $user);
+    Debug("PasswordFilename got path: $path");
+    if(-e $path) {
+	return $path;
+    } else {
+	return undef;
+    }
+}
+
+#
+#   Rewrite the contents of the user's passwd file.
+#  Parameters:
+#    domain    - domain of the user.
+#    name      - User's name.
+#    contents  - New contents of the file.
+# Returns:
+#   0    - Failed.
+#   1    - Success.
+#
+sub rewrite_password_file {
+    my ($domain, $user, $contents) = @_;
+
+    my $file = &password_filename($domain, $user);
+    if (defined $file) {
+	my $pf = IO::File->new(">$file");
+	if($pf) {
+	    print $pf "$contents\n";
+	    return 1;
+	} else {
+	    return 0;
+	}
+    } else {
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+}
+
 #
-#   GetAuthType - Determines the authorization type of a user in a domain.
+#   get_auth_type - Determines the authorization type of a user in a domain.
 
 #     Returns the authorization type or nouser if there is no such user.
 #
-sub GetAuthType 
+sub get_auth_type 
 {
-    my $domain = shift;
-    my $user   = shift;
 
-    Debug("GetAuthType( $domain, $user ) \n");
+    my ($domain, $user)  = @_;
+
+    Debug("get_auth_type( $domain, $user ) \n");
     my $proname    = &propath($domain, $user); 
     my $passwdfile = "$proname/passwd";
     if( -e $passwdfile ) {
@@ -2943,25 +6022,172 @@ sub GetAuthType
 	Debug("Password info = $realpassword\n");
 	my ($authtype, $contentpwd) = split(/:/, $realpassword);
 	Debug("Authtype = $authtype, content = $contentpwd\n");
-	my $availinfo = '';
-	if($authtype eq 'krb4' or $authtype eq 'krb5') {
-	    $availinfo = $contentpwd;
-	}
-
-	return "$authtype:$availinfo";
-    }
-    else {
+	return "$authtype:$contentpwd";     
+    } else {
 	Debug("Returning nouser");
 	return "nouser";
     }
 }
 
+#
+#  Validate a user given their domain, name and password.  This utility
+#  function is used by both  AuthenticateHandler and ChangePasswordHandler
+#  to validate the login credentials of a user.
+# Parameters:
+#    $domain    - The domain being logged into (this is required due to
+#                 the capability for multihomed systems.
+#    $user      - The name of the user being validated.
+#    $password  - The user's propoposed password.
+#
+# Returns:
+#     1        - The domain,user,pasword triplet corresponds to a valid
+#                user.
+#     0        - The domain,user,password triplet is not a valid user.
+#
+sub validate_user {
+    my ($domain, $user, $password, $checkdefauth) = @_;
+
+    # Why negative ~pi you may well ask?  Well this function is about
+    # authentication, and therefore very important to get right.
+    # I've initialized the flag that determines whether or not I've 
+    # validated correctly to a value it's not supposed to get.
+    # At the end of this function. I'll ensure that it's not still that
+    # value so we don't just wind up returning some accidental value
+    # as a result of executing an unforseen code path that
+    # did not set $validated.  At the end of valid execution paths,
+    # validated shoule be 1 for success or 0 for failuer.
+
+    my $validated = -3.14159;
+
+    #  How we authenticate is determined by the type of authentication
+    #  the user has been assigned.  If the authentication type is
+    #  "nouser", the user does not exist so we will return 0.
+
+    my $contents = &get_auth_type($domain, $user);
+    my ($howpwd, $contentpwd) = split(/:/, $contents);
+
+    my $null = pack("C",0);	# Used by kerberos auth types.
+
+    if ($howpwd eq 'nouser') {
+        if ($checkdefauth) {
+            my %domdefaults = &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_defaults($domain);
+            if ($domdefaults{'auth_def'} eq 'localauth') {
+                $howpwd = $domdefaults{'auth_def'};
+                $contentpwd = $domdefaults{'auth_arg_def'};
+            } elsif ((($domdefaults{'auth_def'} eq 'krb4') || 
+                      ($domdefaults{'auth_def'} eq 'krb5')) &&
+                     ($domdefaults{'auth_arg_def'} ne '')) {
+                $howpwd = $domdefaults{'auth_def'};
+                $contentpwd = $domdefaults{'auth_arg_def'}; 
+            }
+        }
+    } 
+    if ($howpwd ne 'nouser') {
+	if($howpwd eq "internal") { # Encrypted is in local password file.
+	    $validated = (crypt($password, $contentpwd) eq $contentpwd);
+	}
+	elsif ($howpwd eq "unix") { # User is a normal unix user.
+	    $contentpwd = (getpwnam($user))[1];
+	    if($contentpwd) {
+		if($contentpwd eq 'x') { # Shadow password file...
+		    my $pwauth_path = "/usr/local/sbin/pwauth";
+		    open PWAUTH,  "|$pwauth_path" or
+			die "Cannot invoke authentication";
+		    print PWAUTH "$user\n$password\n";
+		    close PWAUTH;
+		    $validated = ! $?;
+
+		} else { 	         # Passwords in /etc/passwd. 
+		    $validated = (crypt($password,
+					$contentpwd) eq $contentpwd);
+		}
+	    } else {
+		$validated = 0;
+	    }
+	}
+	elsif ($howpwd eq "krb4") { # user is in kerberos 4 auth. domain.
+	    if(! ($password =~ /$null/) ) {
+		my $k4error = &Authen::Krb4::get_pw_in_tkt($user,
+							   "",
+							   $contentpwd,,
+							   'krbtgt',
+							   $contentpwd,
+							   1,
+							   $password);
+		if(!$k4error) {
+		    $validated = 1;
+		} else {
+		    $validated = 0;
+		    &logthis('krb4: '.$user.', '.$contentpwd.', '.
+			     &Authen::Krb4::get_err_txt($Authen::Krb4::error));
+		}
+	    } else {
+		$validated = 0; # Password has a match with null.
+	    }
+	} elsif ($howpwd eq "krb5") { # User is in kerberos 5 auth. domain.
+	    if(!($password =~ /$null/)) { # Null password not allowed.
+		my $krbclient = &Authen::Krb5::parse_name($user.'@'
+							  .$contentpwd);
+		my $krbservice = "krbtgt/".$contentpwd."\@".$contentpwd;
+		my $krbserver  = &Authen::Krb5::parse_name($krbservice);
+		my $credentials= &Authen::Krb5::cc_default();
+		$credentials->initialize(&Authen::Krb5::parse_name($user.'@'
+                                                                 .$contentpwd));
+                my $krbreturn;
+                if (exists(&Authen::Krb5::get_init_creds_password)) {
+                    $krbreturn = 
+                        &Authen::Krb5::get_init_creds_password($krbclient,$password,
+                                                               $krbservice);
+                    $validated = (ref($krbreturn) eq 'Authen::Krb5::Creds');
+                } else {
+		    $krbreturn  = 
+                        &Authen::Krb5::get_in_tkt_with_password($krbclient,$krbserver,
+		 						$password,$credentials);
+		    $validated = ($krbreturn == 1);
+                }
+		if (!$validated) {
+		    &logthis('krb5: '.$user.', '.$contentpwd.', '.
+			     &Authen::Krb5::error());
+		}
+	    } else {
+		$validated = 0;
+	    }
+	} elsif ($howpwd eq "localauth") { 
+	    #  Authenticate via installation specific authentcation method:
+	    $validated = &localauth::localauth($user, 
+					       $password, 
+					       $contentpwd,
+					       $domain);
+	    if ($validated < 0) {
+		&logthis("localauth for $contentpwd $user:$domain returned a $validated");
+		$validated = 0;
+	    }
+	} else {			# Unrecognized auth is also bad.
+	    $validated = 0;
+	}
+    } else {
+	$validated = 0;
+    }
+    #
+    #  $validated has the correct stat of the authentication:
+    #
+
+    unless ($validated != -3.14159) {
+	#  I >really really< want to know if this happens.
+	#  since it indicates that user authentication is badly
+	#  broken in some code path.
+        #
+	die "ValidateUser - failed to set the value of validated $domain, $user $password";
+    }
+    return $validated;
+}
+
+
 sub addline {
     my ($fname,$hostid,$ip,$newline)=@_;
     my $contents;
     my $found=0;
-    my $expr='^'.$hostid.':'.$ip.':';
-    $expr =~ s/\./\\\./g;
+    my $expr='^'.quotemeta($hostid).':'.quotemeta($ip).':';
     my $sh;
     if ($sh=IO::File->new("$fname.subscription")) {
 	while (my $subline=<$sh>) {
@@ -2976,40 +6202,52 @@ sub addline {
     return $found;
 }
 
-sub getchat {
-    my ($cdom,$cname,$udom,$uname)=@_;
-    my %hash;
-    my $proname=&propath($cdom,$cname);
+sub get_chat {
+    my ($cdom,$cname,$udom,$uname,$group)=@_;
+
     my @entries=();
-    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/nohist_chatroom.db",
-	    &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-	@entries=map { $_.':'.$hash{$_} } sort keys %hash;
-	untie %hash;
+    my $namespace = 'nohist_chatroom';
+    my $namespace_inroom = 'nohist_inchatroom';
+    if ($group ne '') {
+        $namespace .= '_'.$group;
+        $namespace_inroom .= '_'.$group;
+    }
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($cdom, $cname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	@entries=map { $_.':'.$hashref->{$_} } sort(keys(%$hashref));
+	&untie_user_hash($hashref);
     }
     my @participants=();
     my $cutoff=time-60;
-    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/nohist_inchatroom.db",
-	    &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-        $hash{$uname.':'.$udom}=time;
-        foreach (sort keys %hash) {
-	    if ($hash{$_}>$cutoff) {
-		$participants[$#participants+1]='active_participant:'.$_;
+    $hashref = &tie_user_hash($cdom, $cname, $namespace_inroom,
+			      &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        $hashref->{$uname.':'.$udom}=time;
+        foreach my $user (sort(keys(%$hashref))) {
+	    if ($hashref->{$user}>$cutoff) {
+		push(@participants, 'active_participant:'.$user);
             }
         }
-        untie %hash;
+        &untie_user_hash($hashref);
     }
     return (@participants,@entries);
 }
 
-sub chatadd {
-    my ($cdom,$cname,$newchat)=@_;
-    my %hash;
-    my $proname=&propath($cdom,$cname);
+sub chat_add {
+    my ($cdom,$cname,$newchat,$group)=@_;
     my @entries=();
     my $time=time;
-    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/nohist_chatroom.db",
-	    &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-	@entries=map { $_.':'.$hash{$_} } sort keys %hash;
+    my $namespace = 'nohist_chatroom';
+    my $logfile = 'chatroom.log';
+    if ($group ne '') {
+        $namespace .= '_'.$group;
+        $logfile = 'chatroom_'.$group.'.log';
+    }
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($cdom, $cname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	@entries=map { $_.':'.$hashref->{$_} } sort(keys(%$hashref));
 	my ($lastid)=($entries[$#entries]=~/^(\w+)\:/);
 	my ($thentime,$idnum)=split(/\_/,$lastid);
 	my $newid=$time.'_000000';
@@ -3019,38 +6257,58 @@ sub chatadd {
 	    $idnum=substr('000000'.$idnum,-6,6);
 	    $newid=$time.'_'.$idnum;
 	}
-	$hash{$newid}=$newchat;
+	$hashref->{$newid}=$newchat;
 	my $expired=$time-3600;
-	foreach (keys %hash) {
-	    my ($thistime)=($_=~/(\d+)\_/);
+	foreach my $comment (keys(%$hashref)) {
+	    my ($thistime) = ($comment=~/(\d+)\_/);
 	    if ($thistime<$expired) {
-		delete $hash{$_};
+		delete $hashref->{$comment};
 	    }
 	}
-	untie %hash;
-    }
-    {
-	my $hfh;
-	if ($hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/chatroom.log")) { 
-	    print $hfh "$time:".&unescape($newchat)."\n";
+	{
+	    my $proname=&propath($cdom,$cname);
+	    if (open(CHATLOG,">>$proname/$logfile")) { 
+		print CHATLOG ("$time:".&unescape($newchat)."\n");
+	    }
+	    close(CHATLOG);
 	}
+	&untie_user_hash($hashref);
     }
 }
 
 sub unsub {
     my ($fname,$clientip)=@_;
     my $result;
+    my $unsubs = 0;		# Number of successful unsubscribes:
+
+
+    # An old way subscriptions were handled was to have a 
+    # subscription marker file:
+
+    Debug("Attempting unlink of $fname.$clientname");
     if (unlink("$fname.$clientname")) {
-	$result="ok\n";
-    } else {
-	$result="not_subscribed\n";
-    }
+	$unsubs++;		# Successful unsub via marker file.
+    } 
+
+    # The more modern way to do it is to have a subscription list
+    # file:
+
     if (-e "$fname.subscription") {
 	my $found=&addline($fname,$clientname,$clientip,'');
-	if ($found) { $result="ok\n"; }
+	if ($found) { 
+	    $unsubs++;
+	}
+    } 
+
+    #  If either or both of these mechanisms succeeded in unsubscribing a 
+    #  resource we can return ok:
+
+    if($unsubs) {
+	$result = "ok\n";
     } else {
-	if ($result != "ok\n") { $result="not_subscribed\n"; }
+	$result = "not_subscribed\n";
     }
+
     return $result;
 }
 
@@ -3103,7 +6361,7 @@ sub thisversion {
 sub subscribe {
     my ($userinput,$clientip)=@_;
     my $result;
-    my ($cmd,$fname)=split(/:/,$userinput);
+    my ($cmd,$fname)=split(/:/,$userinput,2);
     my $ownership=&ishome($fname);
     if ($ownership eq 'owner') {
 # explitly asking for the current version?
@@ -3136,7 +6394,7 @@ sub subscribe {
                 # the metadata
 		unless ($fname=~/\.meta$/) { &unsub("$fname.meta",$clientip); }
 		$fname=~s/\/home\/httpd\/html\/res/raw/;
-		$fname="http://$thisserver/".$fname;
+		$fname="http://".&Apache::lonnet::hostname($perlvar{'lonHostID'})."/".$fname;
 		$result="$fname\n";
 	    }
 	} else {
@@ -3147,14 +6405,47 @@ sub subscribe {
     }
     return $result;
 }
+#  Change the passwd of a unix user.  The caller must have
+#  first verified that the user is a loncapa user.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    user      - Unix user name to change.
+#    pass      - New password for the user.
+# Returns:
+#    ok    - if success
+#    other - Some meaningfule error message string.
+# NOTE:
+#    invokes a setuid script to change the passwd.
+sub change_unix_password {
+    my ($user, $pass) = @_;
+
+    &Debug("change_unix_password");
+    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+    &Debug("Opening lcpasswd pipeline");
+    my $pf = IO::File->new("|$execdir/lcpasswd > "
+			   ."$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}"
+			   ."/logs/lcpasswd.log");
+    print $pf "$user\n$pass\n$pass\n";
+    close $pf;
+    my $err = $?;
+    return ($err < @passwderrors) ? $passwderrors[$err] : 
+	"pwchange_falure - unknown error";
+
+    
+}
+
 
 sub make_passwd_file {
     my ($uname, $umode,$npass,$passfilename)=@_;
-    my $result="ok\n";
+    my $result="ok";
     if ($umode eq 'krb4' or $umode eq 'krb5') {
 	{
 	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "$umode:$npass\n";
+	    if ($pf) {
+		print $pf "$umode:$npass\n";
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'internal') {
 	my $salt=time;
@@ -3163,12 +6454,20 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
 	{
 	    &Debug("Creating internal auth");
 	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "internal:$ncpass\n"; 
+	    if($pf) {
+		print $pf "internal:$ncpass\n"; 
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'localauth') {
 	{
 	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "localauth:$npass\n";
+	    if($pf) {
+		print $pf "localauth:$npass\n";
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'unix') {
 	{
@@ -3182,7 +6481,9 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
 		return "no_priv_account_error\n";
 	    }
 
-	    my $execpath="$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/"."lcuseradd";
+	    my $execpath       ="$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/"."lcuseradd";
+
+	    my $lc_error_file  = $execdir."/tmp/lcuseradd".$$.".status";
 	    {
 		&Debug("Executing external: ".$execpath);
 		&Debug("user  = ".$uname.", Password =". $npass);
@@ -3190,32 +6491,67 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
 		print $se "$uname\n";
 		print $se "$npass\n";
 		print $se "$npass\n";
+		print $se "$lc_error_file\n"; # Status -> unique file.
 	    }
-	    my $useraddok = $?;
-	    if($useraddok > 0) {
-		&logthis("Failed lcuseradd: ".&lcuseraddstrerror($useraddok));
+	    if (-r $lc_error_file) {
+		&Debug("Opening error file: $lc_error_file");
+		my $error = IO::File->new("< $lc_error_file");
+		my $useraddok = <$error>;
+		$error->close;
+		unlink($lc_error_file);
+		
+		chomp $useraddok;
+	
+		if($useraddok > 0) {
+		    my $error_text = &lcuseraddstrerror($useraddok);
+		    &logthis("Failed lcuseradd: $error_text");
+		    $result = "lcuseradd_failed:$error_text";
+		}  else {
+		    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
+		    if($pf) {
+			print $pf "unix:\n";
+		    } else {
+			$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+		    }
+		}
+	    }  else {
+		&Debug("Could not locate lcuseradd error: $lc_error_file");
+		$result="bug_lcuseradd_no_output_file";
 	    }
-	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "unix:\n";
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'none') {
 	{
-	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "none:\n";
+	    my $pf = IO::File->new("> $passfilename");
+	    if($pf) {
+		print $pf "none:\n";
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } else {
-	$result="auth_mode_error\n";
+	$result="auth_mode_error";
     }
     return $result;
 }
 
+sub convert_photo {
+    my ($start,$dest)=@_;
+    system("convert $start $dest");
+}
+
 sub sethost {
     my ($remotereq) = @_;
     my (undef,$hostid)=split(/:/,$remotereq);
+    # ignore sethost if we are already correct
+    if ($hostid eq $currenthostid) {
+	return 'ok';
+    }
+
     if (!defined($hostid)) { $hostid=$perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
-    if ($hostip{$perlvar{'lonHostID'}} eq $hostip{$hostid}) {
-	$currenthostid=$hostid;
-	$currentdomainid=$hostdom{$hostid};
+    if (&Apache::lonnet::get_host_ip($perlvar{'lonHostID'}) 
+	eq &Apache::lonnet::get_host_ip($hostid)) {
+	$currenthostid  =$hostid;
+	$currentdomainid=&Apache::lonnet::host_domain($hostid);
 	&logthis("Setting hostid to $hostid, and domain to $currentdomainid");
     } else {
 	&logthis("Requested host id $hostid not an alias of ".
@@ -3231,28 +6567,6 @@ sub version {
     return "version:$VERSION";
 }
 
-#There is a copy of this in lonnet.pm
-sub userload {
-    my $numusers=0;
-    {
-	opendir(LONIDS,$perlvar{'lonIDsDir'});
-	my $filename;
-	my $curtime=time;
-	while ($filename=readdir(LONIDS)) {
-	    if ($filename eq '.' || $filename eq '..') {next;}
-	    my ($mtime)=(stat($perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.$filename))[9];
-	    if ($curtime-$mtime < 1800) { $numusers++; }
-	}
-	closedir(LONIDS);
-    }
-    my $userloadpercent=0;
-    my $maxuserload=$perlvar{'lonUserLoadLim'};
-    if ($maxuserload) {
-	$userloadpercent=100*$numusers/$maxuserload;
-    }
-    $userloadpercent=sprintf("%.2f",$userloadpercent);
-    return $userloadpercent;
-}
 
 # ----------------------------------- POD (plain old documentation, CPAN style)
 
@@ -3461,7 +6775,7 @@ Place in B<logs/lond.log>
 
 stores hash in namespace
 
-=item rolesput
+=item rolesputy
 
 put a role into a user's environment
 
@@ -3569,7 +6883,6 @@ to the client, and the connection is clo
 IO::Socket
 IO::File
 Apache::File
-Symbol
 POSIX
 Crypt::IDEA
 LWP::UserAgent()