--- loncom/lond	2004/04/07 09:39:18	1.178.2.14
+++ loncom/lond	2005/08/26 19:40:38	1.292
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network
 # lond "LON Daemon" Server (port "LOND" 5663)
 #
-# $Id: lond,v 1.178.2.14 2004/04/07 09:39:18 foxr Exp $
+# $Id: lond,v 1.292 2005/08/26 19:40:38 albertel Exp $
 #
 # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
 #
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with LON-CAPA; if not, write to the Free Software
-# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA    
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 #
 # /home/httpd/html/adm/gpl.txt
 #
@@ -45,28 +45,36 @@ use Authen::Krb4;
 use Authen::Krb5;
 use lib '/home/httpd/lib/perl/';
 use localauth;
+use localenroll;
+use localstudentphoto;
 use File::Copy;
+use File::Find;
 use LONCAPA::ConfigFileEdit;
+use LONCAPA::lonlocal;
+use LONCAPA::lonssl;
+use Fcntl qw(:flock);
 
-my $DEBUG = 1;		       # Non zero to enable debug log entries.
+my $DEBUG = 0;		       # Non zero to enable debug log entries.
 
 my $status='';
 my $lastlog='';
 
-my $VERSION='$Revision: 1.178.2.14 $'; #' stupid emacs
+my $VERSION='$Revision: 1.292 $'; #' stupid emacs
 my $remoteVERSION;
-my $currenthostid;
+my $currenthostid="default";
 my $currentdomainid;
 
 my $client;
-my $clientip;
-my $clientname;
-
-my $cipher;			# Cipher key negotiated with client.
-my $tmpsnum = 0;;		# Id of tmpputs.
+my $clientip;			# IP address of client.
+my $clientname;			# LonCAPA name of client.
 
 my $server;
-my $thisserver;
+my $thisserver;			# DNS of us.
+
+my $keymode;
+
+my $cipher;			# Cipher key negotiated with client
+my $tmpsnum = 0;		# Id of tmpputs.
 
 # 
 #   Connection type is:
@@ -77,9 +85,10 @@ my $thisserver;
 
 my $ConnectionType;
 
-my %hostid;
-my %hostdom;
-my %hostip;
+my %hostid;			# ID's for hosts in cluster by ip.
+my %hostdom;			# LonCAPA domain for hosts in cluster.
+my %hostip;			# IPs for hosts in cluster.
+my %hostdns;			# ID's of hosts looked up by DNS name.
 
 my %managers;			# Ip -> manager names
 
@@ -98,23 +107,26 @@ my $CLIENT_OK  = 1;
 my $MANAGER_OK = 2;
 my %Dispatcher;
 
+
 #
 #  The array below are password error strings."
 #
 my $lastpwderror    = 13;		# Largest error number from lcpasswd.
 my @passwderrors = ("ok",
-		   "lcpasswd must be run as user 'www'",
-		   "lcpasswd got incorrect number of arguments",
-		   "lcpasswd did not get the right nubmer of input text lines",
-		   "lcpasswd too many simultaneous pwd changes in progress",
-		   "lcpasswd User does not exist.",
-		   "lcpasswd Incorrect current passwd",
-		   "lcpasswd Unable to su to root.",
-		   "lcpasswd Cannot set new passwd.",
-		   "lcpasswd Username has invalid characters",
-		   "lcpasswd Invalid characters in password",
-		    "11", "12",
-		    "lcpasswd Password mismatch");
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd must be run as user 'www'",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd got incorrect number of arguments",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd did not get the right nubmer of input text lines",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd too many simultaneous pwd changes in progress",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd User does not exist.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Incorrect current passwd",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Unable to su to root.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Cannot set new passwd.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Username has invalid characters",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Invalid characters in password",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd User already exists", 
+                   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Something went wrong with user addition.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Password mismatch",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Error filename is invalid");
 
 
 #  The array below are lcuseradd error strings.:
@@ -135,11 +147,13 @@ my @adderrors    = ("ok",
 		    "lcuseradd Could not add user.",
 		    "lcuseradd Password mismatch");
 
+
+
 #
 #   Statistics that are maintained and dislayed in the status line.
 #
-my $Transactions;		# Number of attempted transactions.
-my $Failures;			# Number of transcations failed.
+my $Transactions = 0;		# Number of attempted transactions.
+my $Failures     = 0;		# Number of transcations failed.
 
 #   ResetStatistics: 
 #      Resets the statistics counters:
@@ -149,6 +163,227 @@ sub ResetStatistics {
     $Failures     = 0;
 }
 
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+#   LocalConnection
+#     Completes the formation of a locally authenticated connection.
+#     This function will ensure that the 'remote' client is really the
+#     local host.  If not, the connection is closed, and the function fails.
+#     If so, initcmd is parsed for the name of a file containing the
+#     IDEA session key.  The fie is opened, read, deleted and the session
+#     key returned to the caller.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   $Socket      - Socket open on client.
+#   $initcmd     - The full text of the init command.
+#
+# Implicit inputs:
+#    $thisserver - Our DNS name.
+#
+# Returns:
+#     IDEA session key on success.
+#     undef on failure.
+#
+sub LocalConnection {
+    my ($Socket, $initcmd) = @_;
+    Debug("Attempting local connection: $initcmd client: $clientip me: $thisserver");
+    if($clientip ne "127.0.0.1") {
+	&logthis('<font color="red"> LocalConnection rejecting non local: '
+		 ."$clientip ne $thisserver </font>");
+	close $Socket;
+	return undef;
+    }  else {
+	chomp($initcmd);	# Get rid of \n in filename.
+	my ($init, $type, $name) = split(/:/, $initcmd);
+	Debug(" Init command: $init $type $name ");
+
+	# Require that $init = init, and $type = local:  Otherwise
+	# the caller is insane:
+
+	if(($init ne "init") && ($type ne "local")) {
+	    &logthis('<font color = "red"> LocalConnection: caller is insane! '
+		     ."init = $init, and type = $type </font>");
+	    close($Socket);;
+	    return undef;
+		
+	}
+	#  Now get the key filename:
+
+	my $IDEAKey = lonlocal::ReadKeyFile($name);
+	return $IDEAKey;
+    }
+}
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+#  SSLConnection
+#   Completes the formation of an ssh authenticated connection. The
+#   socket is promoted to an ssl socket.  If this promotion and the associated
+#   certificate exchange are successful, the IDEA key is generated and sent
+#   to the remote peer via the SSL tunnel. The IDEA key is also returned to
+#   the caller after the SSL tunnel is torn down.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   Name              Type             Purpose
+#   $Socket          IO::Socket::INET  Plaintext socket.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    IDEA key on success.
+#    undef on failure.
+#
+sub SSLConnection {
+    my $Socket   = shift;
+
+    Debug("SSLConnection: ");
+    my $KeyFile         = lonssl::KeyFile();
+    if(!$KeyFile) {
+	my $err = lonssl::LastError();
+	&logthis("<font color=\"red\"> CRITICAL"
+		 ."Can't get key file $err </font>");
+	return undef;
+    }
+    my ($CACertificate,
+	$Certificate) = lonssl::CertificateFile();
+
+
+    # If any of the key, certificate or certificate authority 
+    # certificate filenames are not defined, this can't work.
+
+    if((!$Certificate) || (!$CACertificate)) {
+	my $err = lonssl::LastError();
+	&logthis("<font color=\"red\"> CRITICAL"
+		 ."Can't get certificates: $err </font>");
+
+	return undef;
+    }
+    Debug("Key: $KeyFile CA: $CACertificate Cert: $Certificate");
+
+    # Indicate to our peer that we can procede with
+    # a transition to ssl authentication:
+
+    print $Socket "ok:ssl\n";
+
+    Debug("Approving promotion -> ssl");
+    #  And do so:
+
+    my $SSLSocket = lonssl::PromoteServerSocket($Socket,
+						$CACertificate,
+						$Certificate,
+						$KeyFile);
+    if(! ($SSLSocket) ) {	# SSL socket promotion failed.
+	my $err = lonssl::LastError();
+	&logthis("<font color=\"red\"> CRITICAL "
+		 ."SSL Socket promotion failed: $err </font>");
+	return undef;
+    }
+    Debug("SSL Promotion successful");
+
+    # 
+    #  The only thing we'll use the socket for is to send the IDEA key
+    #  to the peer:
+
+    my $Key = lonlocal::CreateCipherKey();
+    print $SSLSocket "$Key\n";
+
+    lonssl::Close($SSLSocket); 
+
+    Debug("Key exchange complete: $Key");
+
+    return $Key;
+}
+#
+#     InsecureConnection: 
+#        If insecure connections are allowd,
+#        exchange a challenge with the client to 'validate' the
+#        client (not really, but that's the protocol):
+#        We produce a challenge string that's sent to the client.
+#        The client must then echo the challenge verbatim to us.
+#
+#  Parameter:
+#      Socket      - Socket open on the client.
+#  Returns:
+#      1           - success.
+#      0           - failure (e.g.mismatch or insecure not allowed).
+#
+sub InsecureConnection {
+    my $Socket  =  shift;
+
+    #   Don't even start if insecure connections are not allowed.
+
+    if(! $perlvar{londAllowInsecure}) {	# Insecure connections not allowed.
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    #   Fabricate a challenge string and send it..
+
+    my $challenge = "$$".time;	# pid + time.
+    print $Socket "$challenge\n";
+    &status("Waiting for challenge reply");
+
+    my $answer = <$Socket>;
+    $answer    =~s/\W//g;
+    if($challenge eq $answer) {
+	return 1;
+    } else {
+	logthis("<font color='blue'>WARNING client did not respond to challenge</font>");
+	&status("No challenge reqply");
+	return 0;
+    }
+    
+
+}
+#
+#   Safely execute a command (as long as it's not a shel command and doesn
+#   not require/rely on shell escapes.   The function operates by doing a
+#   a pipe based fork and capturing stdout and stderr  from the pipe.
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#     $line                    - A line of text to be executed as a command.
+# Returns:
+#     The output from that command.  If the output is multiline the caller
+#     must know how to split up the output.
+#
+#
+sub execute_command {
+    my ($line)    = @_;
+    my @words     = split(/\s/, $line);	# Bust the command up into words.
+    my $output    = "";
+
+    my $pid = open(CHILD, "-|");
+    
+    if($pid) {			# Parent process
+	Debug("In parent process for execute_command");
+	my @data = <CHILD>;	# Read the child's outupt...
+	close CHILD;
+	foreach my $output_line (@data) {
+	    Debug("Adding $output_line");
+	    $output .= $output_line; # Presumably has a \n on it.
+	}
+
+    } else {			# Child process
+	close (STDERR);
+	open  (STDERR, ">&STDOUT");# Combine stderr, and stdout...
+	exec(@words);		# won't return.
+    }
+    return $output;
+}
+
+
+#   GetCertificate: Given a transaction that requires a certificate,
+#   this function will extract the certificate from the transaction
+#   request.  Note that at this point, the only concept of a certificate
+#   is the hostname to which we are connected.
+#
+#   Parameter:
+#      request   - The request sent by our client (this parameterization may
+#                  need to change when we really use a certificate granting
+#                  authority.
+#
+sub GetCertificate {
+    my $request = shift;
+
+    return $clientip;
+}
+
 #
 #   Return true if client is a manager.
 #
@@ -161,6 +396,552 @@ sub isManager {
 sub isClient {
     return (($ConnectionType eq "client") || ($ConnectionType eq "both"));
 }
+
+
+#
+#   ReadManagerTable: Reads in the current manager table. For now this is
+#                     done on each manager authentication because:
+#                     - These authentications are not frequent
+#                     - This allows dynamic changes to the manager table
+#                       without the need to signal to the lond.
+#
+sub ReadManagerTable {
+
+    #   Clean out the old table first..
+
+   foreach my $key (keys %managers) {
+      delete $managers{$key};
+   }
+
+   my $tablename = $perlvar{'lonTabDir'}."/managers.tab";
+   if (!open (MANAGERS, $tablename)) {
+      logthis('<font color="red">No manager table.  Nobody can manage!!</font>');
+      return;
+   }
+   while(my $host = <MANAGERS>) {
+      chomp($host);
+      if ($host =~ "^#") {                  # Comment line.
+         next;
+      }
+      if (!defined $hostip{$host}) { # This is a non cluster member
+	    #  The entry is of the form:
+	    #    cluname:hostname
+	    #  cluname - A 'cluster hostname' is needed in order to negotiate
+	    #            the host key.
+	    #  hostname- The dns name of the host.
+	    #
+          my($cluname, $dnsname) = split(/:/, $host);
+          
+          my $ip = gethostbyname($dnsname);
+          if(defined($ip)) {                 # bad names don't deserve entry.
+            my $hostip = inet_ntoa($ip);
+            $managers{$hostip} = $cluname;
+            logthis('<font color="green"> registering manager '.
+                    "$dnsname as $cluname with $hostip </font>\n");
+         }
+      } else {
+         logthis('<font color="green"> existing host'." $host</font>\n");
+         $managers{$hostip{$host}} = $host;  # Use info from cluster tab if clumemeber
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+#
+#  ValidManager: Determines if a given certificate represents a valid manager.
+#                in this primitive implementation, the 'certificate' is
+#                just the connecting loncapa client name.  This is checked
+#                against a valid client list in the configuration.
+#
+#                  
+sub ValidManager {
+    my $certificate = shift; 
+
+    return isManager;
+}
+#
+#  CopyFile:  Called as part of the process of installing a 
+#             new configuration file.  This function copies an existing
+#             file to a backup file.
+# Parameters:
+#     oldfile  - Name of the file to backup.
+#     newfile  - Name of the backup file.
+# Return:
+#     0   - Failure (errno has failure reason).
+#     1   - Success.
+#
+sub CopyFile {
+
+    my ($oldfile, $newfile) = @_;
+
+    if (! copy($oldfile,$newfile)) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    chmod(0660, $newfile);
+    return 1;
+}
+#
+#  Host files are passed out with externally visible host IPs.
+#  If, for example, we are behind a fire-wall or NAT host, our 
+#  internally visible IP may be different than the externally
+#  visible IP.  Therefore, we always adjust the contents of the
+#  host file so that the entry for ME is the IP that we believe
+#  we have.  At present, this is defined as the entry that
+#  DNS has for us.  If by some chance we are not able to get a
+#  DNS translation for us, then we assume that the host.tab file
+#  is correct.  
+#    BUGBUGBUG - in the future, we really should see if we can
+#       easily query the interface(s) instead.
+# Parameter(s):
+#     contents    - The contents of the host.tab to check.
+# Returns:
+#     newcontents - The adjusted contents.
+#
+#
+sub AdjustHostContents {
+    my $contents  = shift;
+    my $adjusted;
+    my $me        = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+
+ foreach my $line (split(/\n/,$contents)) {
+	if(!(($line eq "") || ($line =~ /^ *\#/) || ($line =~ /^ *$/))) {
+	    chomp($line);
+	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon)=split(/:/,$line);
+	    if ($id eq $me) {
+          my $ip = gethostbyname($name);
+          my $ipnew = inet_ntoa($ip);
+         $ip = $ipnew;
+		#  Reconstruct the host line and append to adjusted:
+		
+		   my $newline = "$id:$domain:$role:$name:$ip";
+		   if($maxcon ne "") { # Not all hosts have loncnew tuning params
+		     $newline .= ":$maxcon:$idleto:$mincon";
+		   }
+		   $adjusted .= $newline."\n";
+		
+      } else {		# Not me, pass unmodified.
+		   $adjusted .= $line."\n";
+      }
+	} else {                  # Blank or comment never re-written.
+	    $adjusted .= $line."\n";	# Pass blanks and comments as is.
+	}
+ }
+ return $adjusted;
+}
+#
+#   InstallFile: Called to install an administrative file:
+#       - The file is created with <name>.tmp
+#       - The <name>.tmp file is then mv'd to <name>
+#   This lugubrious procedure is done to ensure that we are never without
+#   a valid, even if dated, version of the file regardless of who crashes
+#   and when the crash occurs.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#       Name of the file
+#       File Contents.
+#  Return:
+#      nonzero - success.
+#      0       - failure and $! has an errno.
+#
+sub InstallFile {
+
+    my ($Filename, $Contents) = @_;
+    my $TempFile = $Filename.".tmp";
+
+    #  Open the file for write:
+
+    my $fh = IO::File->new("> $TempFile"); # Write to temp.
+    if(!(defined $fh)) {
+	&logthis('<font color="red"> Unable to create '.$TempFile."</font>");
+	return 0;
+    }
+    #  write the contents of the file:
+
+    print $fh ($Contents); 
+    $fh->close;			# In case we ever have a filesystem w. locking
+
+    chmod(0660, $TempFile);
+
+    # Now we can move install the file in position.
+    
+    move($TempFile, $Filename);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+#
+#   ConfigFileFromSelector: converts a configuration file selector
+#                 (one of host or domain at this point) into a 
+#                 configuration file pathname.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#      selector  - Configuration file selector.
+#  Returns:
+#      Full path to the file or undef if the selector is invalid.
+#
+sub ConfigFileFromSelector {
+    my $selector   = shift;
+    my $tablefile;
+
+    my $tabledir = $perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/';
+    if ($selector eq "hosts") {
+	$tablefile = $tabledir."hosts.tab";
+    } elsif ($selector eq "domain") {
+	$tablefile = $tabledir."domain.tab";
+    } else {
+	return undef;
+    }
+    return $tablefile;
+
+}
+#
+#   PushFile:  Called to do an administrative push of a file.
+#              - Ensure the file being pushed is one we support.
+#              - Backup the old file to <filename.saved>
+#              - Separate the contents of the new file out from the
+#                rest of the request.
+#              - Write the new file.
+#  Parameter:
+#     Request - The entire user request.  This consists of a : separated
+#               string pushfile:tablename:contents.
+#     NOTE:  The contents may have :'s in it as well making things a bit
+#            more interesting... but not much.
+#  Returns:
+#     String to send to client ("ok" or "refused" if bad file).
+#
+sub PushFile {
+    my $request = shift;    
+    my ($command, $filename, $contents) = split(":", $request, 3);
+    
+    #  At this point in time, pushes for only the following tables are
+    #  supported:
+    #   hosts.tab  ($filename eq host).
+    #   domain.tab ($filename eq domain).
+    # Construct the destination filename or reject the request.
+    #
+    # lonManage is supposed to ensure this, however this session could be
+    # part of some elaborate spoof that managed somehow to authenticate.
+    #
+
+
+    my $tablefile = ConfigFileFromSelector($filename);
+    if(! (defined $tablefile)) {
+	return "refused";
+    }
+    #
+    # >copy< the old table to the backup table
+    #        don't rename in case system crashes/reboots etc. in the time
+    #        window between a rename and write.
+    #
+    my $backupfile = $tablefile;
+    $backupfile    =~ s/\.tab$/.old/;
+    if(!CopyFile($tablefile, $backupfile)) {
+	&logthis('<font color="green"> CopyFile from '.$tablefile." to ".$backupfile." failed </font>");
+	return "error:$!";
+    }
+    &logthis('<font color="green"> Pushfile: backed up '
+	    .$tablefile." to $backupfile</font>");
+    
+    #  If the file being pushed is the host file, we adjust the entry for ourself so that the
+    #  IP will be our current IP as looked up in dns.  Note this is only 99% good as it's possible
+    #  to conceive of conditions where we don't have a DNS entry locally.  This is possible in a 
+    #  network sense but it doesn't make much sense in a LonCAPA sense so we ignore (for now)
+    #  that possibilty.
+
+    if($filename eq "host") {
+	$contents = AdjustHostContents($contents);
+    }
+
+    #  Install the new file:
+
+    if(!InstallFile($tablefile, $contents)) {
+	&logthis('<font color="red"> Pushfile: unable to install '
+	 .$tablefile." $! </font>");
+	return "error:$!";
+    } else {
+	&logthis('<font color="green"> Installed new '.$tablefile
+		 ."</font>");
+
+    }
+
+
+    #  Indicate success:
+ 
+    return "ok";
+
+}
+
+#
+#  Called to re-init either lonc or lond.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#    request   - The full request by the client.  This is of the form
+#                reinit:<process>  
+#                where <process> is allowed to be either of 
+#                lonc or lond
+#
+#  Returns:
+#     The string to be sent back to the client either:
+#   ok         - Everything worked just fine.
+#   error:why  - There was a failure and why describes the reason.
+#
+#
+sub ReinitProcess {
+    my $request = shift;
+
+
+    # separate the request (reinit) from the process identifier and
+    # validate it producing the name of the .pid file for the process.
+    #
+    #
+    my ($junk, $process) = split(":", $request);
+    my $processpidfile = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/logs/';
+    if($process eq 'lonc') {
+	$processpidfile = $processpidfile."lonc.pid";
+	if (!open(PIDFILE, "< $processpidfile")) {
+	    return "error:Open failed for $processpidfile";
+	}
+	my $loncpid = <PIDFILE>;
+	close(PIDFILE);
+	logthis('<font color="red"> Reinitializing lonc pid='.$loncpid
+		."</font>");
+	kill("USR2", $loncpid);
+    } elsif ($process eq 'lond') {
+	logthis('<font color="red"> Reinitializing self (lond) </font>');
+	&UpdateHosts;			# Lond is us!!
+    } else {
+	&logthis('<font color="yellow" Invalid reinit request for '.$process
+		 ."</font>");
+	return "error:Invalid process identifier $process";
+    }
+    return 'ok';
+}
+#   Validate a line in a configuration file edit script:
+#   Validation includes:
+#     - Ensuring the command is valid.
+#     - Ensuring the command has sufficient parameters
+#   Parameters:
+#     scriptline - A line to validate (\n has been stripped for what it's worth).
+#
+#   Return:
+#      0     - Invalid scriptline.
+#      1     - Valid scriptline
+#  NOTE:
+#     Only the command syntax is checked, not the executability of the
+#     command.
+#
+sub isValidEditCommand {
+    my $scriptline = shift;
+
+    #   Line elements are pipe separated:
+
+    my ($command, $key, $newline)  = split(/\|/, $scriptline);
+    &logthis('<font color="green"> isValideditCommand checking: '.
+	     "Command = '$command', Key = '$key', Newline = '$newline' </font>\n");
+    
+    if ($command eq "delete") {
+	#
+	#   key with no newline.
+	#
+	if( ($key eq "") || ($newline ne "")) {
+	    return 0;		# Must have key but no newline.
+	} else {
+	    return 1;		# Valid syntax.
+	}
+    } elsif ($command eq "replace") {
+	#
+	#   key and newline:
+	#
+	if (($key eq "") || ($newline eq "")) {
+	    return 0;
+	} else {
+	    return 1;
+	}
+    } elsif ($command eq "append") {
+	if (($key ne "") && ($newline eq "")) {
+	    return 1;
+	} else {
+	    return 0;
+	}
+    } else {
+	return 0;		# Invalid command.
+    }
+    return 0;			# Should not get here!!!
+}
+#
+#   ApplyEdit - Applies an edit command to a line in a configuration 
+#               file.  It is the caller's responsiblity to validate the
+#               edit line.
+#   Parameters:
+#      $directive - A single edit directive to apply.  
+#                   Edit directives are of the form:
+#                  append|newline      - Appends a new line to the file.
+#                  replace|key|newline - Replaces the line with key value 'key'
+#                  delete|key          - Deletes the line with key value 'key'.
+#      $editor   - A config file editor object that contains the
+#                  file being edited.
+#
+sub ApplyEdit {
+
+    my ($directive, $editor) = @_;
+
+    # Break the directive down into its command and its parameters
+    # (at most two at this point.  The meaning of the parameters, if in fact
+    #  they exist depends on the command).
+
+    my ($command, $p1, $p2) = split(/\|/, $directive);
+
+    if($command eq "append") {
+	$editor->Append($p1);	          # p1 - key p2 null.
+    } elsif ($command eq "replace") {
+	$editor->ReplaceLine($p1, $p2);   # p1 - key p2 = newline.
+    } elsif ($command eq "delete") {
+	$editor->DeleteLine($p1);         # p1 - key p2 null.
+    } else {			          # Should not get here!!!
+	die "Invalid command given to ApplyEdit $command"
+    }
+}
+#
+# AdjustOurHost:
+#           Adjusts a host file stored in a configuration file editor object
+#           for the true IP address of this host. This is necessary for hosts
+#           that live behind a firewall.
+#           Those hosts have a publicly distributed IP of the firewall, but
+#           internally must use their actual IP.  We assume that a given
+#           host only has a single IP interface for now.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#     editor   - The configuration file editor to adjust.  This
+#                editor is assumed to contain a hosts.tab file.
+# Strategy:
+#    - Figure out our hostname.
+#    - Lookup the entry for this host.
+#    - Modify the line to contain our IP
+#    - Do a replace for this host.
+sub AdjustOurHost {
+    my $editor        = shift;
+
+    # figure out who I am.
+
+    my $myHostName    = $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; # LonCAPA hostname.
+
+    #  Get my host file entry.
+
+    my $ConfigLine    = $editor->Find($myHostName);
+    if(! (defined $ConfigLine)) {
+	die "AdjustOurHost - no entry for me in hosts file $myHostName";
+    }
+    # figure out my IP:
+    #   Use the config line to get my hostname.
+    #   Use gethostbyname to translate that into an IP address.
+    #
+    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon) = split(/:/,$ConfigLine);
+    my $BinaryIp = gethostbyname($name);
+    my $ip       = inet_ntoa($ip);
+    #
+    #  Reassemble the config line from the elements in the list.
+    #  Note that if the loncnew items were not present before, they will
+    #  be now even if they would be empty
+    #
+    my $newConfigLine = $id;
+    foreach my $item ($domain, $role, $name, $ip, $maxcon, $idleto, $mincon) {
+	$newConfigLine .= ":".$item;
+    }
+    #  Replace the line:
+
+    $editor->ReplaceLine($id, $newConfigLine);
+    
+}
+#
+#   ReplaceConfigFile:
+#              Replaces a configuration file with the contents of a
+#              configuration file editor object.
+#              This is done by:
+#              - Copying the target file to <filename>.old
+#              - Writing the new file to <filename>.tmp
+#              - Moving <filename.tmp>  -> <filename>
+#              This laborious process ensures that the system is never without
+#              a configuration file that's at least valid (even if the contents
+#              may be dated).
+#   Parameters:
+#        filename   - Name of the file to modify... this is a full path.
+#        editor     - Editor containing the file.
+#
+sub ReplaceConfigFile {
+    
+    my ($filename, $editor) = @_;
+
+    CopyFile ($filename, $filename.".old");
+
+    my $contents  = $editor->Get(); # Get the contents of the file.
+
+    InstallFile($filename, $contents);
+}
+#   
+#
+#   Called to edit a configuration table  file
+#   Parameters:
+#      request           - The entire command/request sent by lonc or lonManage
+#   Return:
+#      The reply to send to the client.
+#
+sub EditFile {
+    my $request = shift;
+
+    #  Split the command into it's pieces:  edit:filetype:script
+
+    my ($request, $filetype, $script) = split(/:/, $request,3);	# : in script
+
+    #  Check the pre-coditions for success:
+
+    if($request != "edit") {	# Something is amiss afoot alack.
+	return "error:edit request detected, but request != 'edit'\n";
+    }
+    if( ($filetype ne "hosts")  &&
+	($filetype ne "domain")) {
+	return "error:edit requested with invalid file specifier: $filetype \n";
+    }
+
+    #   Split the edit script and check it's validity.
+
+    my @scriptlines = split(/\n/, $script);  # one line per element.
+    my $linecount   = scalar(@scriptlines);
+    for(my $i = 0; $i < $linecount; $i++) {
+	chomp($scriptlines[$i]);
+	if(!isValidEditCommand($scriptlines[$i])) {
+	    return "error:edit with bad script line: '$scriptlines[$i]' \n";
+	}
+    }
+
+    #   Execute the edit operation.
+    #   - Create a config file editor for the appropriate file and 
+    #   - execute each command in the script:
+    #
+    my $configfile = ConfigFileFromSelector($filetype);
+    if (!(defined $configfile)) {
+	return "refused\n";
+    }
+    my $editor = ConfigFileEdit->new($configfile);
+
+    for (my $i = 0; $i < $linecount; $i++) {
+	ApplyEdit($scriptlines[$i], $editor);
+    }
+    # If the file is the host file, ensure that our host is
+    # adjusted to have our ip:
+    #
+    if($filetype eq "host") {
+	AdjustOurHost($editor);
+    }
+    #  Finally replace the current file with our file.
+    #
+    ReplaceConfigFile($configfile, $editor);
+
+    return "ok\n";
+}
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# Manipulation of hash based databases (factoring out common code
+# for later use as we refactor.
 #
 #  Ties a domain level resource file to a hash.
 #  If requested a history entry is created in the associated hist file.
@@ -178,10 +959,8 @@ sub isClient {
 #    Reference to a hash bound to the db file or alternatively undef
 #    if the tie failed.
 #
-sub TieDomainHash {
-    my $domain    = shift;
-    my $namespace = shift;
-    my $how       = shift;
+sub tie_domain_hash {
+    my ($domain,$namespace,$how,$loghead,$logtail) = @_;
     
     # Filter out any whitespace in the domain name:
     
@@ -189,22 +968,21 @@ sub TieDomainHash {
     
     # We have enough to go on to tie the hash:
     
-    my $UserTopDir   = $perlvar{'lonUsersDir'};
-    my $DomainDir    = $UserTopDir."/$domain";
-    my $ResourceFile = $DomainDir."/$namespace.db";
+    my $user_top_dir   = $perlvar{'lonUsersDir'};
+    my $domain_dir     = $user_top_dir."/$domain";
+    my $resource_file  = $domain_dir."/$namespace.db";
     my %hash;
-    if(tie(%hash, 'GDBM_File', $ResourceFile, $how, 0640)) {
-	if (scalar @_) {	# Need to log the operation.
-	    my $logFh = IO::File->new(">>$DomainDir/$namespace.hist");
+    if(tie(%hash, 'GDBM_File', $resource_file, $how, 0640)) {
+	if (defined($loghead)) {	# Need to log the operation.
+	    my $logFh = IO::File->new(">>$domain_dir/$namespace.hist");
 	    if($logFh) {
-		my $TimeStamp = time;
-		my ($loghead, $logtail) = @_;
-		print $logFh "$loghead:$TimeStamp:$logtail\n";
+		my $timestamp = time;
+		print $logFh "$loghead:$timestamp:$logtail\n";
 	    }
+	    $logFh->close;
 	}
 	return \%hash;		# Return the tied hash.
-    }
-    else {
+    } else {
 	return undef;		# Tie failed.
     }
 }
@@ -228,147 +1006,89 @@ sub TieDomainHash {
 #   hash to which the database is tied.  It's up to the caller to untie.
 #   undef if the has could not be tied.
 #
-sub TieUserHash {
-    my $domain      = shift;
-    my $user        = shift;
-    my $namespace   = shift;
-    my $how         = shift;
-    
+sub tie_user_hash {
+    my ($domain,$user,$namespace,$how,$loghead,$what) = @_;
+
     $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;	# / -> _
     $namespace=~s/\W//g;		# whitespace eliminated.
     my $proname     = propath($domain, $user);
    
-    # If this is a namespace for which a history is kept,
-    # make the history log entry:
-    
-    
-    unless ($namespace =~/^nohist\_/ && (scalar @_ > 0)) {
-	my $hfh = IO::File->new(">>$proname/$namespace.hist"); 
-	if($hfh) {
-	    my $now = time;
-	    my $loghead  = shift;
-	    my $what    = shift;
-	    print $hfh "$loghead:$now:$what\n";
-	}
-    }
     #  Tie the database.
     
     my %hash;
     if(tie(%hash, 'GDBM_File', "$proname/$namespace.db",
 	   $how, 0640)) {
+	# If this is a namespace for which a history is kept,
+	# make the history log entry:    
+	if (($namespace !~/^nohist\_/) && (defined($loghead))) {
+	    my $args = scalar @_;
+	    Debug(" Opening history: $namespace $args");
+	    my $hfh = IO::File->new(">>$proname/$namespace.hist"); 
+	    if($hfh) {
+		my $now = time;
+		print $hfh "$loghead:$now:$what\n";
+	    }
+	    $hfh->close;
+	}
 	return \%hash;
-    }
-    else {
+    } else {
 	return undef;
     }
     
 }
 
+#   read_profile
 #
-#   Get a Request:
-#   Gets a Request message from the client.  The transaction
-#   is defined as a 'line' of text.  We remove the new line
-#   from the text line.  
-#   
-sub GetRequest {
-    my $input = <$client>;
-    chomp($input);
-
-    Debug("Request = $input\n");
-
-    &status('Processing '.$clientname.':'.$input);
-
-    return $input;
-}
+#   Returns a set of specific entries from a user's profile file.
+#   this is a utility function that is used by both get_profile_entry and
+#   get_profile_entry_encrypted.
 #
-#   Decipher encoded traffic
-#  Parameters:
-#     input      - Encoded data.
-#  Returns:
-#     Decoded data or undef if encryption key was not yet negotiated.
-#  Implicit input:
-#     cipher  - This global holds the negotiated encryption key.
+# Parameters:
+#    udom       - Domain in which the user exists.
+#    uname      - User's account name (loncapa account)
+#    namespace  - The profile namespace to open.
+#    what       - A set of & separated queries.
+# Returns:
+#    If all ok: - The string that needs to be shipped back to the user.
+#    If failure - A string that starts with error: followed by the failure
+#                 reason.. note that this probabyl gets shipped back to the
+#                 user as well.
 #
-sub Decipher {
-    my $input  = shift;
-    my $output = '';
-   
-   
-    if($cipher) {
-	my($enc, $enclength, $encinput) = split(/:/, $input);
-	for(my $encidx = 0; $encidx < length($encinput); $encidx += 16) {
-	    $output .= 
-		$cipher->decrypt(pack("H16", substr($encinput, $encidx, 16)));
+sub read_profile {
+    my ($udom, $uname, $namespace, $what) = @_;
+    
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
+        my $qresult='';
+	
+	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
+	    $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";    # Presumably failure gives empty string.
+	}
+	$qresult=~s/\&$//;              # Remove trailing & from last lookup.
+	if (untie %$hashref) {
+	    return $qresult;
+	} else {
+	    return "error: ".($!+0)." untie (GDBM) Failed";
 	}
-	return substr($output, 0, $enclength);
     } else {
-	return undef;
+	if ($!+0 == 2) {
+	    return "error:No such file or GDBM reported bad block error";
+	} else {
+	    return "error: ".($!+0)." tie (GDBM) Failed";
+	}
     }
-}
 
-#
-#   Register a command processor.  This function is invoked to register a sub
-#   to process a request.  Once registered, the ProcessRequest sub can automatically
-#   dispatch requests to an appropriate sub, and do the top level validity checking
-#   as well:
-#    - Is the keyword recognized.
-#    - Is the proper client type attempting the request.
-#    - Is the request encrypted if it has to be.
-#   Parameters:
-#    $RequestName         - Name of the request being registered.
-#                           This is the command request that will match
-#                           against the hash keywords to lookup the information
-#                           associated with the dispatch information.
-#    $Procedure           - Reference to a sub to call to process the request.
-#                           All subs get called as follows:
-#                             Procedure($cmd, $tail, $replyfd, $key)
-#                             $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
-#                             $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
-#                             $replyfd- File descriptor connected to the client
-#    $MustEncode          - True if the request must be encoded to be good.
-#    $ClientOk            - True if it's ok for a client to request this.
-#    $ManagerOk           - True if it's ok for a manager to request this.
-# Side effects:
-#      - On success, the Dispatcher hash has an entry added for the key $RequestName
-#      - On failure, the program will die as it's a bad internal bug to try to 
-#        register a duplicate command handler.
-#
-sub RegisterHandler {
-    my $RequestName    = shift;
-    my $Procedure      = shift;
-    my $MustEncode     = shift;
-    my $ClientOk       = shift;
-    my $ManagerOk      = shift;
-   
-    #  Don't allow duplication#
-   
-    if (defined $Dispatcher{$RequestName}) {
-	die "Attempting to define a duplicate request handler for $RequestName\n";
-    }
-    #   Build the client type mask:
-    
-    my $ClientTypeMask = 0;
-    if($ClientOk) {
-	$ClientTypeMask  |= $CLIENT_OK;
-    }
-    if($ManagerOk) {
-	$ClientTypeMask  |= $MANAGER_OK;
-    }
-   
-    #  Enter the hash:
-      
-    my @entry = ($Procedure, $MustEncode, $ClientTypeMask);
-   
-    $Dispatcher{$RequestName} = \@entry;
-   
-   
 }
-
 #--------------------- Request Handlers --------------------------------------------
 #
-#   By convention each request handler registers itself prior to the sub declaration:
+#   By convention each request handler registers itself prior to the sub 
+#   declaration:
 #
 
+#++
+#
 #  Handles ping requests.
 #  Parameters:
 #      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
@@ -382,19 +1102,21 @@ sub RegisterHandler {
 #      0       - Program should exit.
 #  Side effects:
 #      Reply information is sent to the client.
-
-sub PingHandler {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub ping_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    Debug("$cmd $tail $client .. $currenthostid:");
    
     Reply( $client,"$currenthostid\n","$cmd:$tail");
    
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("ping", \&PingHandler, 0, 1, 1);       # Ping unencoded, client or manager.
+&register_handler("ping", \&ping_handler, 0, 1, 1);       # Ping unencoded, client or manager.
+
+#++
+#
+# Handles pong requests.  Pong replies with our current host id, and
+#                         the results of a ping sent to us via our lonc.
 #
-# Handles pong reequests:
 # Parameters:
 #      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
 #      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
@@ -407,22 +1129,24 @@ RegisterHandler("ping", \&PingHandler, 0
 #      0       - Program should exit.
 #  Side effects:
 #      Reply information is sent to the client.
-
-sub PongHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $replyfd = shift;
+sub pong_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
 
     my $reply=&reply("ping",$clientname);
-    Reply( $replyfd, "$currenthostid:$reply\n", "$cmd:$tail"); 
+    &Reply( $replyfd, "$currenthostid:$reply\n", "$cmd:$tail"); 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("pong", \&PongHandler, 0, 1, 1);       # Pong unencoded, client or manager
+&register_handler("pong", \&pong_handler, 0, 1, 1);       # Pong unencoded, client or manager
 
-#
-#   EstablishKeyHandler:
+#++
 #      Called to establish an encrypted session key with the remote client.
-#
+#      Note that with secure lond, in most cases this function is never
+#      invoked.  Instead, the secure session key is established either
+#      via a local file that's locked down tight and only lives for a short
+#      time, or via an ssl tunnel...and is generated from a bunch-o-random
+#      bits from /dev/urandom, rather than the predictable pattern used by
+#      by this sub.  This sub is only used in the old-style insecure
+#      key negotiation.
 # Parameters:
 #      $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
 #      $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
@@ -438,10 +1162,8 @@ RegisterHandler("pong", \&PongHandler, 0
 #      Reply information is sent to the client.
 #      $cipher is set with a reference to a new IDEA encryption object.
 #
-sub EstablishKeyHandler {
-    my $cmd      = shift;
-    my $tail     = shift;
-    my $replyfd  = shift;
+sub establish_key_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
 
     my $buildkey=time.$$.int(rand 100000);
     $buildkey=~tr/1-6/A-F/;
@@ -454,14 +1176,13 @@ sub EstablishKeyHandler {
     $key=substr($key,0,32);
     my $cipherkey=pack("H32",$key);
     $cipher=new IDEA $cipherkey;
-    Reply($replyfd, "$buildkey\n", "$cmd:$tail"); 
+    &Reply($replyfd, "$buildkey\n", "$cmd:$tail"); 
    
     return 1;
 
 }
-RegisterHandler("ekey", \&EstablishKeyHandler, 0, 1,1);
+&register_handler("ekey", \&establish_key_handler, 0, 1,1);
 
-#  LoadHandler:
 #     Handler for the load command.  Returns the current system load average
 #     to the requestor.
 #
@@ -478,10 +1199,8 @@ RegisterHandler("ekey", \&EstablishKeyHa
 #      0       - Program should exit.
 #  Side effects:
 #      Reply information is sent to the client.
-sub LoadHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $replyfd = shift;
+sub load_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
 
    # Get the load average from /proc/loadavg and calculate it as a percentage of
    # the allowed load limit as set by the perl global variable lonLoadLim
@@ -494,12 +1213,11 @@ sub LoadHandler {
    
     my $loadpercent=100*$loadavg/$perlvar{'lonLoadLim'};
 
-    Reply( $replyfd, "$loadpercent\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    &Reply( $replyfd, "$loadpercent\n", "$cmd:$tail");
    
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("load", \&LoadHandler, 0, 1, 0);
-
+&register_handler("load", \&load_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Process the userload request.  This sub returns to the client the current
@@ -521,17 +1239,15 @@ RegisterHandler("load", \&LoadHandler, 0
 #  Implicit outputs:
 #     the reply is written to the client.
 #
-sub UserLoadHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $replyfd = shift;
+sub user_load_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
 
     my $userloadpercent=&userload();
-    Reply($replyfd, "$userloadpercent\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    &Reply($replyfd, "$userloadpercent\n", "$cmd:$tail");
     
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("userload", \&UserLoadHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("userload", \&user_load_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #   Process a request for the authorization type of a user:
 #   (userauth).
@@ -546,37 +1262,37 @@ RegisterHandler("userload", \&UserLoadHa
 # Implicit outputs:
 #    The user authorization type is written to the client.
 #
-sub UserAuthorizationType {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $replyfd = shift;
+sub user_authorization_type {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
    
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
    
     #  Pull the domain and username out of the command tail.
-    # and call GetAuthType to determine the authentication type.
+    # and call get_auth_type to determine the authentication type.
    
     my ($udom,$uname)=split(/:/,$tail);
-    my $result = GetAuthType($udom, $uname);
+    my $result = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname);
     if($result eq "nouser") {
-	Failure( $replyfd, "unknown_user\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure( $replyfd, "unknown_user\n", $userinput);
     } else {
 	#
-	# We only want to pass the second field from GetAuthType
+	# We only want to pass the second field from get_auth_type
 	# for ^krb.. otherwise we'll be handing out the encrypted
 	# password for internals e.g.
 	#
 	my ($type,$otherinfo) = split(/:/,$result);
 	if($type =~ /^krb/) {
 	    $type = $result;
-	}
-	Reply( $replyfd, "$type\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+            $type .= ':';
+        }
+	&Reply( $replyfd, "$type\n", $userinput);
     }
   
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("currentauth", \&UserAuthorizationType, 1, 1, 0);
-#
+&register_handler("currentauth", \&user_authorization_type, 1, 1, 0);
+
 #   Process a request by a manager to push a hosts or domain table 
 #   to us.  We pick apart the command and pass it on to the subs
 #   that already exist to do this.
@@ -590,11 +1306,8 @@ RegisterHandler("currentauth", \&UserAut
 #      0       - Program should exit
 # Implicit Output:
 #    a reply is written to the client.
-
-sub PushFileHandler {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub push_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
@@ -602,22 +1315,205 @@ sub PushFileHandler {
     # the code below is a hook to do further authentication (e.g. to resolve
     # spoofing).
 
-    my $cert = GetCertificate($userinput);
-    if(ValidManager($cert)) { 
+    my $cert = &GetCertificate($userinput);
+    if(&ValidManager($cert)) { 
 
 	# Now presumably we have the bona fides of both the peer host and the
 	# process making the request.
       
-	my $reply = PushFile($userinput);
-	Reply($client, "$reply\n", $userinput);
+	my $reply = &PushFile($userinput);
+	&Reply($client, "$reply\n", $userinput);
 
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
     } 
+    return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("pushfile", \&PushFileHandler, 1, 0, 1);
+&register_handler("pushfile", \&push_file_handler, 1, 0, 1);
+
+#
+#   du  - list the disk usuage of a directory recursively. 
+#    
+#   note: stolen code from the ls file handler
+#   under construction by Rick Banghart 
+#    .
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - The command that dispatched us (du).
+#    $ududir     - The directory path to list... I'm not sure what this
+#                  is relative as things like ls:. return e.g.
+#                  no_such_dir.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#     1 - indicating that the daemon should not disconnect.
+# Side Effects:
+#   The reply is written to  $client.
+#
+sub du_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $ududir, $client) = @_;
+    my ($ududir) = split(/:/,$ududir); # Make 'telnet' testing easier.
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$ududir";
 
+    if ($ududir=~/\.\./ || $ududir!~m|^/home/httpd/|) {
+	&Failure($client,"refused\n","$cmd:$ududir");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    #  Since $ududir could have some nasties in it,
+    #  we will require that ududir is a valid
+    #  directory.  Just in case someone tries to
+    #  slip us a  line like .;(cd /home/httpd rm -rf*)
+    #  etc.
+    #
+    if (-d $ududir) {
+	my $total_size=0;
+	my $code=sub { 
+	    if ($_=~/\.\d+\./) { return;} 
+	    if ($_=~/\.meta$/) { return;}
+	    $total_size+=(stat($_))[7];
+	};
+	find($code,$ududir);
+	$total_size=int($total_size/1024);
+	&Reply($client,"$total_size\n","$cmd:$ududir");
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "bad_directory:$ududir\n","$cmd:$ududir"); 
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("du", \&du_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# The ls_handler routine should be considered obosolete and is retained
+# for communication with legacy servers.  Please see the ls2_handler.
+#
+#   ls  - list the contents of a directory.  For each file in the
+#    selected directory the filename followed by the full output of
+#    the stat function is returned.  The returned info for each
+#    file are separated by ':'.  The stat fields are separated by &'s.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - The command that dispatched us (ls).
+#    $ulsdir     - The directory path to list... I'm not sure what this
+#                  is relative as things like ls:. return e.g.
+#                  no_such_dir.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#     1 - indicating that the daemon should not disconnect.
+# Side Effects:
+#   The reply is written to  $client.
+#
+sub ls_handler {
+    # obsoleted by ls2_handler
+    my ($cmd, $ulsdir, $client) = @_;
 
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$ulsdir";
+
+    my $obs;
+    my $rights;
+    my $ulsout='';
+    my $ulsfn;
+    if (-e $ulsdir) {
+	if(-d $ulsdir) {
+	    if (opendir(LSDIR,$ulsdir)) {
+		while ($ulsfn=readdir(LSDIR)) {
+		    undef($obs);
+		    undef($rights); 
+		    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn);
+		    #We do some obsolete checking here
+		    if(-e $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta") { 
+			open(FILE, $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta");
+			my @obsolete=<FILE>;
+			foreach my $obsolete (@obsolete) {
+			    if($obsolete =~ m|(<obsolete>)(on)|) { $obs = 1; } 
+			    if($obsolete =~ m|(<copyright>)(default)|) { $rights = 1; }
+			}
+		    }
+		    $ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats);
+		    if($obs eq '1') { $ulsout.="&1"; }
+		    else { $ulsout.="&0"; }
+		    if($rights eq '1') { $ulsout.="&1:"; }
+		    else { $ulsout.="&0:"; }
+		}
+		closedir(LSDIR);
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir);
+	    $ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats).':';
+	}
+    } else {
+	$ulsout='no_such_dir';
+    }
+    if ($ulsout eq '') { $ulsout='empty'; }
+    &Reply($client, "$ulsout\n", $userinput); # This supports debug logging.
+    
+    return 1;
+
+}
+&register_handler("ls", \&ls_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# Please also see the ls_handler, which this routine obosolets.
+# ls2_handler differs from ls_handler in that it escapes its return 
+# values before concatenating them together with ':'s.
+#
+#   ls2  - list the contents of a directory.  For each file in the
+#    selected directory the filename followed by the full output of
+#    the stat function is returned.  The returned info for each
+#    file are separated by ':'.  The stat fields are separated by &'s.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - The command that dispatched us (ls).
+#    $ulsdir     - The directory path to list... I'm not sure what this
+#                  is relative as things like ls:. return e.g.
+#                  no_such_dir.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#     1 - indicating that the daemon should not disconnect.
+# Side Effects:
+#   The reply is written to  $client.
+#
+sub ls2_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $ulsdir, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$ulsdir";
+
+    my $obs;
+    my $rights;
+    my $ulsout='';
+    my $ulsfn;
+    if (-e $ulsdir) {
+        if(-d $ulsdir) {
+            if (opendir(LSDIR,$ulsdir)) {
+                while ($ulsfn=readdir(LSDIR)) {
+                    undef($obs);
+		    undef($rights); 
+                    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn);
+                    #We do some obsolete checking here
+                    if(-e $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta") { 
+                        open(FILE, $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta");
+                        my @obsolete=<FILE>;
+                        foreach my $obsolete (@obsolete) {
+                            if($obsolete =~ m|(<obsolete>)(on)|) { $obs = 1; } 
+                            if($obsolete =~ m|(<copyright>)(default)|) {
+                                $rights = 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    my $tmp = $ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats);
+                    if ($obs    eq '1') { $tmp.="&1"; } else { $tmp.="&0"; }
+                    if ($rights eq '1') { $tmp.="&1"; } else { $tmp.="&0"; }
+                    $ulsout.= &escape($tmp).':';
+                }
+                closedir(LSDIR);
+            }
+        } else {
+            my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir);
+            $ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats).':';
+        }
+    } else {
+        $ulsout='no_such_dir';
+   }
+   if ($ulsout eq '') { $ulsout='empty'; }
+   &Reply($client, "$ulsout\n", $userinput); # This supports debug logging.
+   return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("ls2", \&ls2_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #   Process a reinit request.  Reinit requests that either
 #   lonc or lond be reinitialized so that an updated 
@@ -633,25 +1529,22 @@ RegisterHandler("pushfile", \&PushFileHa
 #  Implicit output:
 #     a reply is sent to the client.
 #
-sub ReinitProcessHandler {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub reinit_process_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
    
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
    
-    my $cert = GetCertificate($userinput);
-    if(ValidManager($cert)) {
+    my $cert = &GetCertificate($userinput);
+    if(&ValidManager($cert)) {
 	chomp($userinput);
-	my $reply = ReinitProcess($userinput);
-	Reply( $client,  "$reply\n", $userinput);
+	my $reply = &ReinitProcess($userinput);
+	&Reply( $client,  "$reply\n", $userinput);
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
     }
     return 1;
 }
-
-RegisterHandler("reinit", \&ReinitProcessHandler, 1, 0, 1);
+&register_handler("reinit", \&reinit_process_handler, 1, 0, 1);
 
 #  Process the editing script for a table edit operation.
 #  the editing operation must be encrypted and requested by
@@ -667,35 +1560,32 @@ RegisterHandler("reinit", \&ReinitProces
 #  Implicit output:
 #     a reply is sent to the client.
 #
-sub EditTableHandler {
-    my $command    = shift;
-    my $tail       = shift;
-    my $client     = shift;
+sub edit_table_handler {
+    my ($command, $tail, $client) = @_;
    
     my $userinput = "$command:$tail";
 
-    my $cert = GetCertificate($userinput);
-    if(ValidManager($cert)) {
+    my $cert = &GetCertificate($userinput);
+    if(&ValidManager($cert)) {
 	my($filetype, $script) = split(/:/, $tail);
 	if (($filetype eq "hosts") || 
 	    ($filetype eq "domain")) {
 	    if($script ne "") {
-		Reply($client,              # BUGBUG - EditFile
-		      EditFile($userinput), #   could fail.
+		&Reply($client,              # BUGBUG - EditFile
+		      &EditFile($userinput), #   could fail.
 		      $userinput);
 	    } else {
-		Failure($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
+		&Failure($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
 	    }
 	} else {
-	    Failure($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
+	    &Failure($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
+	&Failure($client,"refused\n",$userinput);
     }
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("edit", \&EditTableHandler, 1, 0, 1);
-
+&register_handler("edit", \&edit_table_handler, 1, 0, 1);
 
 #
 #   Authenticate a user against the LonCAPA authentication
@@ -721,10 +1611,9 @@ RegisterHandler("edit", \&EditTableHandl
 #    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
 #    input into the authentication process that are described above.
 #
-sub AuthenticateHandler {
-    my $cmd        = shift;
-    my $tail       = shift;
-    my $client     = shift;
+sub authenticate_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     
     #  Regenerate the full input line 
     
@@ -735,23 +1624,23 @@ sub AuthenticateHandler {
     #  upass   - User's password.
     
     my ($udom,$uname,$upass)=split(/:/,$tail);
-    Debug(" Authenticate domain = $udom, user = $uname, password = $upass");
+    &Debug(" Authenticate domain = $udom, user = $uname, password = $upass");
     chomp($upass);
-    $upass=unescape($upass);
+    $upass=&unescape($upass);
 
-    my $pwdcorrect = ValidateUser($udom, $uname, $upass);
+    my $pwdcorrect = &validate_user($udom, $uname, $upass);
     if($pwdcorrect) {
-	Reply( $client, "authorized\n", $userinput);
+	&Reply( $client, "authorized\n", $userinput);
 	#
 	#  Bad credentials: Failed to authorize
 	#
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "non_authorized\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure( $client, "non_authorized\n", $userinput);
     }
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("auth", \&AuthenticateHandler, 1, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("auth", \&authenticate_handler, 1, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Change a user's password.  Note that this function is complicated by
@@ -774,11 +1663,9 @@ RegisterHandler("auth", \&AuthenticateHa
 # Implicit inputs:
 #    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
 #    input into the authentication process that are described above.
-sub ChangePasswordHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $client  = shift;
-   
+sub change_password_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     my $userinput = $cmd.":".$tail;           # Reconstruct client's string.
 
     #
@@ -788,7 +1675,7 @@ sub ChangePasswordHandler {
     #  npass - New password.
    
     my ($udom,$uname,$upass,$npass)=split(/:/,$tail);
-    chomp($npass);
+
     $upass=&unescape($upass);
     $npass=&unescape($npass);
     &Debug("Trying to change password for $uname");
@@ -796,9 +1683,9 @@ sub ChangePasswordHandler {
     # First require that the user can be authenticated with their
     # old password:
 
-    my $validated = ValidUser($udom, $uname, $upass);
+    my $validated = &validate_user($udom, $uname, $upass);
     if($validated) {
-	my $realpasswd  = GetAuthType($udom, $uname); # Defined since authd.
+	my $realpasswd  = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname); # Defined since authd.
 	
 	my ($howpwd,$contentpwd)=split(/:/,$realpasswd);
 	if ($howpwd eq 'internal') {
@@ -806,46 +1693,35 @@ sub ChangePasswordHandler {
 	    my $salt=time;
 	    $salt=substr($salt,6,2);
 	    my $ncpass=crypt($npass,$salt);
-	    if(RewritePwFile($udom, $uname, "internal:$ncpass")) {
+	    if(&rewrite_password_file($udom, $uname, "internal:$ncpass")) {
 		&logthis("Result of password change for "
 			 ."$uname: pwchange_success");
-		Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+		&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	    } else {
 		&logthis("Unable to open $uname passwd "               
 			 ."to change password");
-		Failure( $client, "non_authorized\n",$userinput);
+		&Failure( $client, "non_authorized\n",$userinput);
 	    }
 	} elsif ($howpwd eq 'unix') {
-	    # Unix means we have to access /etc/password
-	    &Debug("auth is unix");
-	    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-	    &Debug("Opening lcpasswd pipeline");
-	    my $pf = IO::File->new("|$execdir/lcpasswd > "
-				   ."$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}"
-				   ."/logs/lcpasswd.log");
-	    print $pf "$uname\n$npass\n$npass\n";
-	    close $pf;
-	    my $err = $?;
-	    my $result = ($err>0 ? 'pwchange_failure' : 'ok');
+	    my $result = &change_unix_password($uname, $npass);
 	    &logthis("Result of password change for $uname: ".
-		     &lcpasswdstrerror($?));
-	    Reply($client, "$result\n", $userinput);
+		     $result);
+	    &Reply($client, "$result\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
 	    # this just means that the current password mode is not
 	    # one we know how to change (e.g the kerberos auth modes or
 	    # locally written auth handler).
 	    #
-	    Reply( $client, "auth_mode_error\n", $userinput);
+	    &Failure( $client, "auth_mode_error\n", $userinput);
 	}  
 	
-    }
-    else {
-	Reply( $client, "non_authorized\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure( $client, "non_authorized\n", $userinput);
     }
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("passwd", \&ChangePasswordHandler, 1, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("passwd", \&change_password_handler, 1, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Create a new user.  User in this case means a lon-capa user.
@@ -863,10 +1739,10 @@ RegisterHandler("passwd", \&ChangePasswo
 # Implicit inputs:
 #    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
 #    input into the authentication process that are described above.
-sub AddUserHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $client  = shift;
+sub add_user_handler {
+
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
 
     my ($udom,$uname,$umode,$npass)=split(/:/,$tail);
     my $userinput = $cmd.":".$tail; # Reconstruct the full request line.
@@ -879,41 +1755,33 @@ sub AddUserHandler {
 	my $oldumask=umask(0077);
 	chomp($npass);
 	$npass=&unescape($npass);
-	my $passfilename  = PasswordPath($udom, $uname);
+	my $passfilename  = &password_path($udom, $uname);
 	&Debug("Password file created will be:".$passfilename);
 	if (-e $passfilename) {
-	    Failure( $client, "already_exists\n", $userinput);
+	    &Failure( $client, "already_exists\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    my @fpparts=split(/\//,$passfilename);
-	    my $fpnow=$fpparts[0].'/'.$fpparts[1].'/'.$fpparts[2];
 	    my $fperror='';
-	    for (my $i=3;$i<= ($#fpparts-1);$i++) {
-		$fpnow.='/'.$fpparts[$i]; 
-		unless (-e $fpnow) {
-		    &logthis("mkdir $fpnow");
-		    unless (mkdir($fpnow,0777)) {
-			$fperror="error: ".($!+0)." mkdir failed while attempting "
-			    ."makeuser";
-		    }
-		}
+	    if (!&mkpath($passfilename)) {
+		$fperror="error: ".($!+0)." mkdir failed while attempting "
+		    ."makeuser";
 	    }
 	    unless ($fperror) {
 		my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass, $passfilename);
-		Reply($client, $result, $userinput);     #BUGBUG - could be fail
+		&Reply($client, $result, $userinput);     #BUGBUG - could be fail
 	    } else {
-		Failure($client, "$fperror\n", $userinput);
+		&Failure($client, "$fperror\n", $userinput);
 	    }
 	}
 	umask($oldumask);
     }  else {
-	Failure($client, "not_right_domain\n",
+	&Failure($client, "not_right_domain\n",
 		$userinput);	# Even if we are multihomed.
     
     }
     return 1;
 
 }
-RegisterHandler("makeuser", \&AddUserHandler, 1, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("makeuser", \&add_user_handler, 1, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Change the authentication method of a user.  Note that this may
@@ -936,34 +1804,70 @@ RegisterHandler("makeuser", \&AddUserHan
 # Implicit inputs:
 #    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
 #    input into the authentication process that are described above.
+# NOTE:
+#   This is also used to change the authentication credential values (e.g. passwd).
+#   
 #
-sub ChangeAuthenticationHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $client  = shift;
+sub change_authentication_handler {
+
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
    
     my $userinput  = "$cmd:$tail";              # Reconstruct user input.
 
     my ($udom,$uname,$umode,$npass)=split(/:/,$tail);
     &Debug("cmd = ".$cmd." domain= ".$udom."uname =".$uname." umode= ".$umode);
     if ($udom ne $currentdomainid) {
-	Failure( $client, "not_right_domain\n", $client);
+	&Failure( $client, "not_right_domain\n", $client);
     } else {
 	
 	chomp($npass);
 	
 	$npass=&unescape($npass);
-	my $passfilename = PasswordPath($udom, $uname);
+	my $oldauth = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname); # Get old auth info.
+	my $passfilename = &password_path($udom, $uname);
 	if ($passfilename) {	# Not allowed to create a new user!!
-	    my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass,$passfilename);
-	    Reply($client, $result, $userinput);
+	    # If just changing the unix passwd. need to arrange to run
+	    # passwd since otherwise make_passwd_file will run
+	    # lcuseradd which fails if an account already exists
+	    # (to prevent an unscrupulous LONCAPA admin from stealing
+	    # an existing account by overwriting it as a LonCAPA account).
+
+	    if(($oldauth =~/^unix/) && ($umode eq "unix")) {
+		my $result = &change_unix_password($uname, $npass);
+		&logthis("Result of password change for $uname: ".$result);
+		if ($result eq "ok") {
+		    &Reply($client, "$result\n")
+		} else {
+		    &Failure($client, "$result\n");
+		}
+	    } else {
+		my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass,$passfilename);
+		#
+		#  If the current auth mode is internal, and the old auth mode was
+		#  unix, or krb*,  and the user is an author for this domain,
+		#  re-run manage_permissions for that role in order to be able
+		#  to take ownership of the construction space back to www:www
+		#
+		
+		
+		if( (($oldauth =~ /^unix/) && ($umode eq "internal")) ||
+		    (($oldauth =~ /^internal/) && ($umode eq "unix")) ) { 
+		    if(&is_author($udom, $uname)) {
+			&Debug(" Need to manage author permissions...");
+			&manage_permissions("/$udom/_au", $udom, $uname, "$umode:");
+		    }
+		}
+		&Reply($client, $result, $userinput);
+	    }
+	       
+
 	} else {	       
-	    Failure($client, "non_authorized", $userinput); # Fail the user now.
+	    &Failure($client, "non_authorized\n", $userinput); # Fail the user now.
 	}
     }
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("changeuserauth", \&ChangeAuthenticationHandler, 1,1, 0);
+&register_handler("changeuserauth", \&change_authentication_handler, 1,1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Determines if this is the home server for a user.  The home server
@@ -981,24 +1885,23 @@ RegisterHandler("changeuserauth", \&Chan
 #    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
 #    input into the authentication process that are described above.
 #
-sub IsHomeHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $client  = shift;
+sub is_home_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
    
     my $userinput  = "$cmd:$tail";
    
     my ($udom,$uname)=split(/:/,$tail);
     chomp($uname);
-    my $passfile = PasswordFilename($udom, $uname);
+    my $passfile = &password_filename($udom, $uname);
     if($passfile) {
-	Reply( $client, "found\n", $userinput);
+	&Reply( $client, "found\n", $userinput);
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "not_found\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "not_found\n", $userinput);
     }
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("home", \&IsHomeHandler, 0,1,0);
+&register_handler("home", \&is_home_handler, 0,1,0);
+
 #
 #   Process an update request for a resource?? I think what's going on here is
 #   that a resource has been modified that we hold a subscription to.
@@ -1021,14 +1924,15 @@ RegisterHandler("home", \&IsHomeHandler,
 #    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
 #    input into the authentication process that are described above.
 #
-sub UpdateResourceHandler {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub update_resource_handler {
+
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
    
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
    
-    my $fname=$tail;
+    my $fname= $tail;		# This allows interactive testing
+
+
     my $ownership=ishome($fname);
     if ($ownership eq 'not_owner') {
 	if (-e $fname) {
@@ -1070,19 +1974,20 @@ sub UpdateResourceHandler {
 		    rename($transname,$fname);
 		}
 	    }
-	    Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure($client, "not_found\n", $userinput);
+	    &Failure($client, "not_found\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "rejected\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "rejected\n", $userinput);
     }
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("update", \&UpdateResourceHandler, 0 ,1, 0);
+&register_handler("update", \&update_resource_handler, 0 ,1, 0);
 
 #
-#   Fetch a user file from a remote server:
+#   Fetch a user file from a remote server to the user's home directory
+#   userfiles subdir.
 # Parameters:
 #    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
 #    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
@@ -1091,25 +1996,34 @@ RegisterHandler("update", \&UpdateResour
 #     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
 #     1        - Continue processing.
 #
-sub FetchUserFileHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $client  = shift;
-   
+sub fetch_user_file_handler {
+
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
     my $fname           = $tail;
-    my ($udom,$uname,$ufile)=split(/\//,$fname);
-    my $udir=propath($udom,$uname).'/userfiles';
+    my ($udom,$uname,$ufile) = ($fname =~ m|^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/(.+)$|);
+    my $udir=&propath($udom,$uname).'/userfiles';
     unless (-e $udir) {
 	mkdir($udir,0770); 
     }
+    Debug("fetch user file for $fname");
     if (-e $udir) {
 	$ufile=~s/^[\.\~]+//;
-	$ufile=~s/\///g;
+
+	# IF necessary, create the path right down to the file.
+	# Note that any regular files in the way of this path are
+	# wiped out to deal with some earlier folly of mine.
+
+	if (!&mkpath($udir.'/'.$ufile)) {
+	    &Failure($client, "unable_to_create\n", $userinput);	    
+	}
+
 	my $destname=$udir.'/'.$ufile;
 	my $transname=$udir.'/'.$ufile.'.in.transit';
 	my $remoteurl='http://'.$clientip.'/userfiles/'.$fname;
 	my $response;
+	Debug("Remote URL : $remoteurl Transfername $transname Destname: $destname");
 	alarm(120);
 	{
 	    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
@@ -1121,59 +2035,185 @@ sub FetchUserFileHandler {
 	    unlink($transname);
 	    my $message=$response->status_line;
 	    &logthis("LWP GET: $message for $fname ($remoteurl)");
-	    Failure($client, "failed\n", $userinput);
+	    &Failure($client, "failed\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
+	    Debug("Renaming $transname to $destname");
 	    if (!rename($transname,$destname)) {
 		&logthis("Unable to move $transname to $destname");
 		unlink($transname);
-		Failure($client, "failed\n", $userinput);
+		&Failure($client, "failed\n", $userinput);
 	    } else {
-		Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+		&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	    }
 	}   
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "not_home\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "not_home\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("fetchuserfile", \&fetch_user_file_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Remove a file from a user's home directory userfiles subdirectory.
+# Parameters:
+#    cmd   - the Lond request keyword that got us here.
+#    tail  - the part of the command past the keyword.
+#    client- File descriptor connected with the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1    - Continue processing.
+sub remove_user_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my ($fname) = split(/:/, $tail); # Get rid of any tailing :'s lonc may have sent.
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$ufile) = ($fname =~ m|^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/(.+)$|);
+    if ($ufile =~m|/\.\./|) {
+	# any files paths with /../ in them refuse 
+	# to deal with
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    } else {
+	my $udir = &propath($udom,$uname);
+	if (-e $udir) {
+	    my $file=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$ufile;
+	    if (-e $file) {
+		#
+		#   If the file is a regular file unlink is fine...
+		#   However it's possible the client wants a dir.
+		#   removed, in which case rmdir is more approprate:
+		#
+	        if (-f $file){
+		    unlink($file);
+		} elsif(-d $file) {
+		    rmdir($file);
+		}
+		if (-e $file) {
+		    #  File is still there after we deleted it ?!?
+
+		    &Failure($client, "failed\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+		} else {
+		    &Reply($client, "ok\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+		}
+	    } else {
+		&Failure($client, "not_found\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "not_home\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	}
     }
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("fetchuserfile", \&FetchUserFileHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("removeuserfile", \&remove_user_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
 #
-#   Authenticate access to a user file.  Question?   The token for athentication
-#   is allowed to be sent as cleartext is this really what we want?  This token
-#   represents the user's session id.  Once it is forged does this allow too much 
-#   access??
+#   make a directory in a user's home directory userfiles subdirectory.
+# Parameters:
+#    cmd   - the Lond request keyword that got us here.
+#    tail  - the part of the command past the keyword.
+#    client- File descriptor connected with the client.
 #
+# Returns:
+#    1    - Continue processing.
+sub mkdir_user_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my ($dir) = split(/:/, $tail); # Get rid of any tailing :'s lonc may have sent.
+    $dir=&unescape($dir);
+    my ($udom,$uname,$ufile) = ($dir =~ m|^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/(.+)$|);
+    if ($ufile =~m|/\.\./|) {
+	# any files paths with /../ in them refuse 
+	# to deal with
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    } else {
+	my $udir = &propath($udom,$uname);
+	if (-e $udir) {
+	    my $newdir=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$ufile.'/';
+	    if (!&mkpath($newdir)) {
+		&Failure($client, "failed\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	    }
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "not_home\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	}
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("mkdiruserfile", \&mkdir_user_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#   rename a file in a user's home directory userfiles subdirectory.
 # Parameters:
-#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
-#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
-#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
-# Returns
-#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
-#     1        - Continue processing.
-sub AuthenticateUserFileAccess {
-    my $cmd       = shift;
-    my $tail      = shift;
-    my $client    = shift;
-    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+#    cmd   - the Lond request keyword that got us here.
+#    tail  - the part of the command past the keyword.
+#    client- File descriptor connected with the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1    - Continue processing.
+sub rename_user_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
-    my ($fname,$session)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    my ($udom,$uname,$old,$new) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    $old=&unescape($old);
+    $new=&unescape($new);
+    if ($new =~m|/\.\./| || $old =~m|/\.\./|) {
+	# any files paths with /../ in them refuse to deal with
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+    } else {
+	my $udir = &propath($udom,$uname);
+	if (-e $udir) {
+	    my $oldfile=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$old;
+	    my $newfile=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$new;
+	    if (-e $newfile) {
+		&Failure($client, "exists\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	    } elsif (! -e $oldfile) {
+		&Failure($client, "not_found\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	    } else {
+		if (!rename($oldfile,$newfile)) {
+		    &Failure($client, "failed\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+		} else {
+		    &Reply($client, "ok\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+		}
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "not_home\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	}
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("renameuserfile", \&rename_user_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
+#
+#  Authenticate access to a user file by checking that the token the user's 
+#  passed also exists in their session file
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   cmd      - The request keyword that dispatched to tus.
+#   tail     - The tail of the request (colon separated parameters).
+#   client   - Filehandle open on the client.
+# Return:
+#    1.
+sub token_auth_user_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my ($fname, $session) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    
     chomp($session);
-    my $reply='non_auth';
-    if (open(ENVIN,$perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.$session.'.id')) {
+    my $reply="non_auth\n";
+    if (open(ENVIN,$perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.
+	     $session.'.id')) {
 	while (my $line=<ENVIN>) {
-	    if ($line=~/userfile\.$fname\=/) { 
-		$reply='ok'; 
-	    }
+	    if ($line=~ m|userfile\.\Q$fname\E\=|) { $reply="ok\n"; }
 	}
 	close(ENVIN);
-	Reply($client, $reply."\n", $userinput);
+	&Reply($client, $reply, "$cmd:$tail");
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "invalid_token\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "invalid_token\n", "$cmd:$tail");
     }
     return 1;
-   
+
 }
-RegisterHandler("tokenauthuserfile", \&AuthenticateUserFileAccess, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("tokenauthuserfile", \&token_auth_user_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
 #
 #   Unsubscribe from a resource.
 #
@@ -1185,21 +2225,23 @@ RegisterHandler("tokenauthuserfile", \&A
 #     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
 #     1        - Continue processing.
 #
-sub UnsubscribeHandler {
-    my $cmd      = shift;
-    my $tail     = shift;
-    my $client   = shift;
+sub unsubscribe_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     my $userinput= "$cmd:$tail";
     
-    my $fname = $tail;
+    my ($fname) = split(/:/,$tail); # Split in case there's extrs.
+
+    &Debug("Unsubscribing $fname");
     if (-e $fname) {
-	Reply($client, &unsub($client,$fname,$clientip), $userinput);
+	&Debug("Exists");
+	&Reply($client, &unsub($fname,$clientip), $userinput);
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "not_found\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "not_found\n", $userinput);
     }
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("unusb", \&UnsubscribeHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("unsub", \&unsubscribe_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #   Subscribe to a resource
 #
@@ -1211,17 +2253,16 @@ RegisterHandler("unusb", \&UnsubscribeHa
 #     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
 #     1        - Continue processing.
 #
-sub SubscribeHandler {
-    my $cmd        = shift;
-    my $tail       = shift;
-    my $client     = shift;
+sub subscribe_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)= @_;
+
     my $userinput  = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-    Reply( $client, &subscribe($userinput,$clientip), $userinput);
+    &Reply( $client, &subscribe($userinput,$clientip), $userinput);
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("sub", \&SubscribeHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("sub", \&subscribe_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Determine the version of a resource (?) Or is it return
@@ -1236,19 +2277,17 @@ RegisterHandler("sub", \&SubscribeHandle
 #     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
 #     1        - Continue processing.
 #
-sub CurrentVersionHandler {
-    my $cmd      = shift;
-    my $tail     = shift;
-    my $client   = shift;
+sub current_version_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     my $userinput= "$cmd:$tail";
    
     my $fname   = $tail;
-    Reply( $client, &currentversion($fname)."\n", $userinput);
+    &Reply( $client, &currentversion($fname)."\n", $userinput);
     return 1;
 
 }
-RegisterHandler("currentversion", \&CurrentVersionHandler, 0, 1, 0);
-
+&register_handler("currentversion", \&current_version_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #  Make an entry in a user's activity log.
 #
@@ -1260,29 +2299,30 @@ RegisterHandler("currentversion", \&Curr
 #     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
 #     1        - Continue processing.
 #
-sub ActivityLogEntryHandler {
-    my $cmd      = shift;
-    my $tail     = shift;
-    my $client   = shift;
+sub activity_log_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+
     my $userinput= "$cmd:$tail";
 
     my ($udom,$uname,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
     chomp($what);
-    my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
+    my $proname=&propath($udom,$uname);
     my $now=time;
     my $hfh;
     if ($hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/activity.log")) { 
 	print $hfh "$now:$clientname:$what\n";
-	Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput); 
+	&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput); 
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." IO::File->new Failed "
-	      ."while attempting log\n", 
-	      $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." IO::File->new Failed "
+		 ."while attempting log\n", 
+		 $userinput);
     }
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("log", \&ActivityLogEntryHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("log", \&activity_log_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #   Put a namespace entry in a user profile hash.
 #   My druthers would be for this to be an encrypted interaction too.
@@ -1297,16 +2337,15 @@ RegisterHandler("log", \&ActivityLogEntr
 #     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
 #     1        - Continue processing.
 #
-sub PutUserProfileEntry {
-    my $cmd       = shift;
-    my $tail      = shift;
-    my $client    = shift;
+sub put_user_profile_entry {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
+
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
     
-    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) =split(/:/,$tail);
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) =split(/:/,$tail,4);
     if ($namespace ne 'roles') {
 	chomp($what);
-	my $hashref = TieUserHash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+	my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
 				  &GDBM_WRCREAT(),"P",$what);
 	if($hashref) {
 	    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
@@ -1315,23 +2354,78 @@ sub PutUserProfileEntry {
 		$hashref->{$key}=$value;
 	    }
 	    if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-		Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+		&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	    } else {
-		Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
+		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
 			"while attempting put\n", 
 			$userinput);
 	    }
 	} else {
-	    Failure( $client, "error: ".($!)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		     "while attempting put\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-        Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+        &Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
     }
     
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("put", \&PutUserProfileEntry, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("put", \&put_user_profile_entry, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Put a piece of new data in hash, returns error if entry already exists
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#
+sub newput_user_profile_entry {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) =split(/:/,$tail,4);
+    if ($namespace eq 'roles') {
+        &Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+	return 1;
+    }
+
+    chomp($what);
+
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT(),"N",$what);
+    if(!$hashref) {
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		  "while attempting put\n", $userinput);
+	return 1;
+    }
+
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+	if (exists($hashref->{$key})) {
+	    &Failure($client, "key_exists: ".$key."\n",$userinput);
+	    return 1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+	$hashref->{$key}=$value;
+    }
+
+    if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
+		 "while attempting put\n", 
+		 $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("newput", \&newput_user_profile_entry, 0, 1, 0);
 
 # 
 #   Increment a profile entry in the user history file.
@@ -1348,45 +2442,51 @@ RegisterHandler("put", \&PutUserProfileE
 #     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
 #     1        - Continue processing.
 #
-sub IncrementUserValueHandler {
-    my $cmd         = shift;
-    my $tail        = shift;
-    my $client      = shift;
+sub increment_user_value_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    
     my $userinput   = "$cmd:$tail";
-
+    
     my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) =split(/:/,$tail);
     if ($namespace ne 'roles') {
         chomp($what);
-	my $hashref = TieUserHash($udom, $uname,
-				  $namespace, &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
-				  "P",$what);
+	my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname,
+				     $namespace, &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
+				     "P",$what);
 	if ($hashref) {
 	    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
 	    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
 		my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+                $value = &unescape($value);
 		# We could check that we have a number...
 		if (! defined($value) || $value eq '') {
 		    $value = 1;
 		}
 		$hashref->{$key}+=$value;
+                if ($namespace eq 'nohist_resourcetracker') {
+                    if ($hashref->{$key} < 0) {
+                        $hashref->{$key} = 0;
+                    }
+                }
 	    }
 	    if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-		Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+		&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	    } else {
-		Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
-			"while attempting inc\n", $userinput);
+		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
+			 "while attempting inc\n", $userinput);
 	    }
 	} else {
-	    Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		    "while attempting inc\n", $userinput);
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting inc\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
     }
     
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("inc", \&IncrementUserValueHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("inc", \&increment_user_value_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #   Put a new role for a user.  Roles are LonCAPA's packaging of permissions.
 #   Each 'role' a user has implies a set of permissions.  Adding a new role
@@ -1407,46 +2507,49 @@ RegisterHandler("inc", \&IncrementUserVa
 #     1         - To continue processing.
 #
 #
-sub RolesPutHandler {
-    my $cmd        = shift;
-    my $tail       = shift;
-    my $client     = shift;
+sub roles_put_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     my $userinput  = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-    my ($exedom,$exeuser,$udom,$uname,$what)   =split(/:/,$tail);
-    &Debug("cmd = ".$cmd." exedom= ".$exedom."user = ".$exeuser." udom=".$udom.
-	   "what = ".$what);
+    my ( $exedom, $exeuser, $udom, $uname,  $what) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    
+
     my $namespace='roles';
     chomp($what);
-    my $hashref = TieUserHash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-			      &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "P",
-			      "$exedom:$exeuser:$what");
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "P",
+				 "$exedom:$exeuser:$what");
     #
     #  Log the attempt to set a role.  The {}'s here ensure that the file 
     #  handle is open for the minimal amount of time.  Since the flush
     #  is done on close this improves the chances the log will be an un-
     #  corrupted ordered thing.
     if ($hashref) {
+	my $pass_entry = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname);
+	my ($auth_type,$pwd)  = split(/:/, $pass_entry);
+	$auth_type = $auth_type.":";
 	my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
 	foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
 	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
-	    &ManagePermissions($key, $udom, $uname,
-			       &GetAuthType( $udom, $uname));
+	    &manage_permissions($key, $udom, $uname,
+			       $auth_type);
 	    $hashref->{$key}=$value;
 	}
 	if (untie($hashref)) {
-	    Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		     "while attempting rolesput\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		 "while attempting rolesput\n", $userinput);
     }
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("rolesput", \&RolesPutHandler, 1,1,0);  # Encoded client only.
+&register_handler("rolesput", \&roles_put_handler, 1,1,0);  # Encoded client only.
+
 #
 #   Deletes (removes) a role for a user.   This is equivalent to removing
 #  a permissions package associated with the role from the user's profile.
@@ -1464,10 +2567,9 @@ RegisterHandler("rolesput", \&RolesPutHa
 #     1                    - Continue processing
 #     0                    - Exit.
 #
-sub RolesDeleteHandler {
-    my $cmd          = shift;
-    my $tail         = shift;
-    my $client       = shift;
+sub roles_delete_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
+
     my $userinput    = "$cmd:$tail";
    
     my ($exedom,$exeuser,$udom,$uname,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
@@ -1475,9 +2577,9 @@ sub RolesDeleteHandler {
 	   "what = ".$what);
     my $namespace='roles';
     chomp($what);
-    my $hashref = TieUserHash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-			      &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "D",
-			      "$exedom:$exeuser:$what");
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "D",
+				 "$exedom:$exeuser:$what");
     
     if ($hashref) {
 	my @rolekeys=split(/\&/,$what);
@@ -1486,19 +2588,19 @@ sub RolesDeleteHandler {
 	    delete $hashref->{$key};
 	}
 	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-	    Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		     "while attempting rolesdel\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-        Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+        &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		 "while attempting rolesdel\n", $userinput);
     }
     
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("rolesdel", \&RolesDeleteHandler, 1,1, 0); # Encoded client only
+&register_handler("rolesdel", \&roles_delete_handler, 1,1, 0); # Encoded client only
 
 # Unencrypted get from a user's profile database.  See 
 # GetProfileEntryEncrypted for a version that does end-to-end encryption.
@@ -1519,42 +2621,27 @@ RegisterHandler("rolesdel", \&RolesDelet
 #   1       - Continue processing.
 #   0       - Exit.
 #
-sub GetProfileEntry {
-    my $cmd      = shift;
-    my $tail     = shift;
-    my $client   = shift;
+sub get_profile_entry {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     my $userinput= "$cmd:$tail";
    
     my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) = split(/:/,$tail);
     chomp($what);
-    my $hashref = TieUserHash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-			      &GDBM_READER());
-    if ($hashref) {
-        my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
-        my $qresult='';
-	
-	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
-	    $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";    # Presumably failure gives empty string.
-	}
-	$qresult=~s/\&$//;              # Remove trailing & from last lookup.
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-	    Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
-	} else {
-	    Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		    "while attempting get\n", $userinput);
-	}
+
+    my $replystring = read_profile($udom, $uname, $namespace, $what);
+    my ($first) = split(/:/,$replystring);
+    if($first ne "error") {
+	&Reply($client, "$replystring\n", $userinput);
     } else {
-	if ($!+0 == 2) {               # +0 coerces errno -> number 2 is ENOENT
-	    Failure($client, "error:No such file or ".
-		    "GDBM reported bad block error\n", $userinput);
-	} else {                        # Some other undifferentiated err.
-	    Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		    "while attempting get\n", $userinput);
-	}
+	&Failure($client, $replystring." while attempting get\n", $userinput);
     }
     return 1;
+
+
 }
-RegisterHandler("get", \&GetProfileEntry, 0,1,0);
+&register_handler("get", \&get_profile_entry, 0,1,0);
+
 #
 #  Process the encrypted get request.  Note that the request is sent
 #  in clear, but the reply is encrypted.  This is a small covert channel:
@@ -1574,50 +2661,39 @@ RegisterHandler("get", \&GetProfileEntry
 #  Returns:
 #     1      - Continue processing
 #     0      - server should exit.
-sub GetProfileEntryEncrypted {
-    my $cmd       = shift;
-    my $tail      = shift;
-    my $client    = shift;
+sub get_profile_entry_encrypted {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
    
     my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) = split(/:/,$userinput);
     chomp($what);
-    my $hashref = TieUserHash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-				  &GDBM_READER());
-    if ($hashref) {
-        my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
-        my $qresult='';
-	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
-	    $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";
-	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
-	    if ($cipher) {
-		my $cmdlength=length($qresult);
-		$qresult.="         ";
-		my $encqresult='';
-		for(my $encidx=0;$encidx<=$cmdlength;$encidx+=8) {
-		    $encqresult.= unpack("H16", 
-					 $cipher->encrypt(substr($qresult,
-								 $encidx,
-								 8)));
-		}
-		Reply( $client, "enc:$cmdlength:$encqresult\n", $userinput);
-	    } else {
-		Failure( $client, "error:no_key\n", $userinput);
+    my $qresult = read_profile($udom, $uname, $namespace, $what);
+    my ($first) = split(/:/, $qresult);
+    if($first ne "error") {
+	
+	if ($cipher) {
+	    my $cmdlength=length($qresult);
+	    $qresult.="         ";
+	    my $encqresult='';
+	    for(my $encidx=0;$encidx<=$cmdlength;$encidx+=8) {
+		$encqresult.= unpack("H16", 
+				     $cipher->encrypt(substr($qresult,
+							     $encidx,
+							     8)));
 	    }
+	    &Reply( $client, "enc:$cmdlength:$encqresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		    "while attempting eget\n", $userinput);
-	}
+		&Failure( $client, "error:no_key\n", $userinput);
+	    }
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		"while attempting eget\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "$qresult while attempting eget\n", $userinput);
+
     }
     
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("eget", \&GetProfileEncrypted, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("eget", \&get_profile_entry_encrypted, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Deletes a key in a user profile database.
@@ -1637,36 +2713,35 @@ RegisterHandler("eget", \&GetProfileEncr
 #     0   - Exit server.
 #
 #
+sub delete_profile_entry {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
-sub DeleteProfileEntry {
-    my $cmd      = shift;
-    my $tail     = shift;
-    my $client   = shift;
     my $userinput = "cmd:$tail";
 
     my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) = split(/:/,$tail);
     chomp($what);
-    my $hashref = TieUserHash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-				  &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
-				  "D",$what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
+				 "D",$what);
     if ($hashref) {
         my @keys=split(/\&/,$what);
 	foreach my $key (@keys) {
 	    delete($hashref->{$key});
 	}
 	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-	    Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		    "while attempting del\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		 "while attempting del\n", $userinput);
     }
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("del", \&DeleteProfileEntry, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("del", \&delete_profile_entry, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #  List the set of keys that are defined in a profile database file.
 #  A successful reply from this will contain an & separated list of
@@ -1682,15 +2757,14 @@ RegisterHandler("del", \&DeleteProfileEn
 #    1    - Continue processing.
 #    0    - Exit the server.
 #
-sub GetProfileKeys {
-    my $cmd       = shift;
-    my $tail      = shift;
-    my $client    = shift;
+sub get_profile_keys {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
     my ($udom,$uname,$namespace)=split(/:/,$tail);
     my $qresult='';
-    my $hashref = TieUserHash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
 				  &GDBM_READER());
     if ($hashref) {
 	foreach my $key (keys %$hashref) {
@@ -1698,19 +2772,20 @@ sub GetProfileKeys {
 	}
 	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
 	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
-	    Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		    "while attempting keys\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		 "while attempting keys\n", $userinput);
     }
    
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("keys", \&GetProfileKeys, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("keys", \&get_profile_keys, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #   Dump the contents of a user profile database.
 #   Note that this constitutes a very large covert channel too since
@@ -1730,15 +2805,14 @@ RegisterHandler("keys", \&GetProfileKeys
 #     1    - Continue processing.
 #     0    - Exit the server.
 #
-sub DumpProfileDatabase {
-    my $cmd       = shift;
-    my $tail      = shift;
-    my $client    = shift;
+sub dump_profile_database {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
    
     my ($udom,$uname,$namespace) = split(/:/,$tail);
-    my $hashref = TieUserHash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-				  &GDBM_READER());
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_READER());
     if ($hashref) {
 	# Structure of %data:
 	# $data{$symb}->{$parameter}=$value;
@@ -1768,19 +2842,20 @@ sub DumpProfileDatabase {
 		}
 	    }
 	    chop($qresult);
-	    Reply($client , "$qresult\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply($client , "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		     "while attempting currentdump\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		"while attempting currentdump\n", $userinput);
     }
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("currentdump", \&DumpProfileDatabase, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("currentdump", \&dump_profile_database, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #   Dump a profile database with an optional regular expression
 #   to match against the keys.  In this dump, no effort is made
@@ -1805,10 +2880,9 @@ RegisterHandler("currentdump", \&DumpPro
 # Side effects:
 #    response is written to $client.
 #
-sub DumpWithRegexp {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub dump_with_regexp {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
@@ -1818,7 +2892,7 @@ sub DumpWithRegexp {
     } else {
 	$regexp='.';
     }
-    my $hashref =TieUserHash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
 				 &GDBM_READER());
     if ($hashref) {
         my $qresult='';
@@ -1834,21 +2908,21 @@ sub DumpWithRegexp {
 	}
 	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
 	    chop($qresult);
-	    Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		     "while attempting dump\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		"while attempting dump\n", $userinput);
     }
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("dump", \&DumpWithRegexp, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("dump", \&dump_with_regexp, 0, 1, 0);
 
-#  Store an aitem in any database but the roles database.
+#  Store a set of key=value pairs associated with a versioned name.
 #
 #  Parameters:
 #    $cmd                - Request command keyword.
@@ -1866,10 +2940,8 @@ RegisterHandler("dump", \&DumpWithRegexp
 #      1 (keep on processing).
 #  Side-Effects:
 #    Writes to the client
-sub StoreHandler {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub store_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
  
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
@@ -1878,8 +2950,8 @@ sub StoreHandler {
 
 	chomp($what);
 	my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
-	my $hashref  = TieUserHash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-				       &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "P",
+	my $hashref  = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				       &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "S",
 				       "$rid:$what");
 	if ($hashref) {
 	    my $now = time;
@@ -1897,24 +2969,27 @@ sub StoreHandler {
 	    $allkeys.='timestamp';
 	    $hashref->{"$version:keys:$rid"}=$allkeys;
 	    if (untie($hashref)) {
-		Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+		&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	    } else {
-		Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 			"while attempting store\n", $userinput);
 	    }
 	} else {
-	    Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		     "while attempting store\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
     }
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("store", \&StoreHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("store", \&store_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
-#   Restore a prior version of a resource.
+#  Dump out all versions of a resource that has key=value pairs associated
+# with it for each version.  These resources are built up via the store
+# command.
 #
 #  Parameters:
 #     $cmd               - Command keyword.
@@ -1928,11 +3003,16 @@ RegisterHandler("store", \&StoreHandler,
 #      1  indicating the caller should not yet exit.
 # Side-effects:
 #   Writes a reply to the client.
+#   The reply is a string of the following shape:
+#   version=current&version:keys=k1:k2...&1:k1=v1&1:k2=v2...
+#    Where the 1 above represents version 1.
+#    this continues for all pairs of keys in all versions.
 #
-sub RestoreHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $client  = shift;
+#
+#    
+#
+sub restore_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";	# Only used for logging purposes.
 
@@ -1940,7 +3020,7 @@ sub RestoreHandler {
     $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
     $namespace=~s/\W//g;
     chomp($rid);
-    my $proname=propath($udom,$uname);
+    my $proname=&propath($udom,$uname);
     my $qresult='';
     my %hash;
     if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",
@@ -1959,13 +3039,13 @@ sub RestoreHandler {
 	}
 	if (untie(%hash)) {
 	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
-	    Reply( $client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply( $client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		    "while attempting restore\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		"while attempting restore\n", $userinput);
     }
   
@@ -1973,7 +3053,7 @@ sub RestoreHandler {
 
 
 }
-RegisterHandler("restore", \&RestoreHandler, 0,1,0);
+&register_handler("restore", \&restore_handler, 0,1,0);
 
 #
 #   Add a chat message to to a discussion board.
@@ -1993,20 +3073,20 @@ RegisterHandler("restore", \&RestoreHand
 #   writes a reply to the client.
 #
 #
-sub SendChatHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $client  = shift;
+sub send_chat_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
     my ($cdom,$cnum,$newpost)=split(/\:/,$tail);
-    &chatadd($cdom,$cnum,$newpost);
-    Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+    &chat_add($cdom,$cnum,$newpost);
+    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("chatsend", \&SendChatHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("chatsend", \&send_chat_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #   Retrieve the set of chat messagss from a discussion board.
 #
@@ -2024,25 +3104,25 @@ RegisterHandler("chatsend", \&SendChatHa
 # Side effects:
 #    Response is written to the client.
 #
-sub RetrieveChatHandler {
-    my $cmd      = shift;
-    my $tail     = shift;
-    my $client   = shift;
+sub retrieve_chat_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
     my ($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname)=split(/\:/,$tail);
     my $reply='';
-    foreach (&getchat($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname)) {
+    foreach (&get_chat($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname)) {
 	$reply.=&escape($_).':';
     }
     $reply=~s/\:$//;
-    Reply($client, $reply."\n", $userinput);
+    &Reply($client, $reply."\n", $userinput);
 
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("chatretr", \&RetrieveChatHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("chatretr", \&retrieve_chat_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #  Initiate a query of an sql database.  SQL query repsonses get put in
 #  a file for later retrieval.  This prevents sql query results from
@@ -2062,22 +3142,21 @@ RegisterHandler("chatretr", \&RetrieveCh
 # Side-effects:
 #    a reply is written to $client.
 #
-sub SendQueryHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $client  = shift;
+sub send_query_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
     my ($query,$arg1,$arg2,$arg3)=split(/\:/,$tail);
     $query=~s/\n*$//g;
-    Reply($client, "". sqlreply("$clientname\&$query".
+    &Reply($client, "". &sql_reply("$clientname\&$query".
 				"\&$arg1"."\&$arg2"."\&$arg3")."\n",
 	  $userinput);
     
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("querysend", \&SendQueryHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("querysend", \&send_query_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Add a reply to an sql query.  SQL queries are done asyncrhonously.
@@ -2104,10 +3183,9 @@ RegisterHandler("querysend", \&SendQuery
 # Side effects:
 #    ok written to the client.
 #
-sub ReplyQueryHandler {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub reply_query_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
@@ -2121,9 +3199,9 @@ sub ReplyQueryHandler {
 	my $store2=IO::File->new(">$execdir/tmp/$id.end");
 	print $store2 "done\n";
 	close $store2;
-	Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)
 		." IO::File->new Failed ".
 		"while attempting queryreply\n", $userinput);
     }
@@ -2131,9 +3209,10 @@ sub ReplyQueryHandler {
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("queryreply", \&ReplyQueryHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("queryreply", \&reply_query_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
-#  Process the courseidput query.  Not quite sure what this means
+#  Process the courseidput request.  Not quite sure what this means
 #  at the system level sense.  It appears a gdbm file in the 
 #  /home/httpd/lonUsers/$domain/nohist_courseids is tied and
 #  a set of entries made in that database.
@@ -2143,6 +3222,14 @@ RegisterHandler("queryreply", \&ReplyQue
 #   $tail     - Tail of the command.  In this case consists of a colon
 #               separated list contaning the domain to apply this to and
 #               an ampersand separated list of keyword=value pairs.
+#               Each value is a colon separated list that includes:  
+#               description, institutional code and course owner.
+#               For backward compatibility with versions included
+#               in LON-CAPA 1.1.X (and earlier) and 1.2.X, institutional
+#               code and/or course owner are preserved from the existing 
+#               record when writing a new record in response to 1.1 or 
+#               1.2 implementations of lonnet::flushcourselogs().   
+#                      
 #   $client   - Socket open on the client.
 # Returns:
 #   1    - indicating that processing should continue
@@ -2150,40 +3237,56 @@ RegisterHandler("queryreply", \&ReplyQue
 # Side effects:
 #   reply is written to the client.
 #
-sub PutCourseIdHandler {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub put_course_id_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-    my ($udom, $what) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    my ($udom, $what) = split(/:/, $tail,2);
     chomp($what);
     my $now=time;
     my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
 
-    my $hashref = TieDomainHash($udom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
     if ($hashref) {
 	foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
-	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
-	    $hashref->{$key}=$value.':'.$now;
+            my ($key,$courseinfo) = split(/=/,$pair,2);
+            $courseinfo =~ s/=/:/g;
+
+            my @current_items = split(/:/,$hashref->{$key});
+            shift(@current_items); # remove description
+            pop(@current_items);   # remove last access
+            my $numcurrent = scalar(@current_items);
+
+            my @new_items = split(/:/,$courseinfo);
+            my $numnew = scalar(@new_items);
+            if ($numcurrent > 0) {
+                if ($numnew == 1) { # flushcourselogs() from 1.1 or earlier
+                    $courseinfo .= ':'.join(':',@current_items);
+                } elsif ($numnew == 2) { # flushcourselogs() from 1.2.X
+                    $courseinfo .= ':'.$current_items[$numcurrent-1];
+                }
+            }
+	    $hashref->{$key}=$courseinfo.':'.$now;
 	}
 	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-	    Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)
 		     ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		     "while attempting courseidput\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)
 		 ." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		 "while attempting courseidput\n", $userinput);
     }
+    
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("courseidput", \&PutCourseIdHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("courseidput", \&put_course_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #  Retrieves the value of a course id resource keyword pattern
 #  defined since a starting date.  Both the starting date and the
@@ -2203,59 +3306,103 @@ RegisterHandler("courseidput", \&PutCour
 #                 description - regular expression that is used to filter
 #                            the dump.  Only keywords matching this regexp
 #                            will be used.
+#                 institutional code - optional supplied code to filter 
+#                            the dump. Only courses with an institutional code 
+#                            that match the supplied code will be returned.
+#                 owner    - optional supplied username of owner to filter
+#                            the dump.  Only courses for which the course 
+#                            owner matches the supplied username will be
+#                            returned. Implicit assumption that owner
+#                            is a user in the domain in which the
+#                            course database is defined.
 #     $client  - The socket open on the client.
 # Returns:
 #    1     - Continue processing.
 # Side Effects:
 #   a reply is written to $client.
-sub DumpCourseIdHandler {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub dump_course_id_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-    my ($udom,$since,$description) =split(/:/,$tail);
+    my ($udom,$since,$description,$instcodefilter,$ownerfilter,$coursefilter) =split(/:/,$tail);
     if (defined($description)) {
 	$description=&unescape($description);
     } else {
 	$description='.';
     }
+    if (defined($instcodefilter)) {
+        $instcodefilter=&unescape($instcodefilter);
+    } else {
+        $instcodefilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($ownerfilter)) {
+        $ownerfilter=&unescape($ownerfilter);
+    } else {
+        $ownerfilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($coursefilter)) {
+        $coursefilter=&unescape($coursefilter);
+    } else {
+        $coursefilter='.';
+    }
+
     unless (defined($since)) { $since=0; }
     my $qresult='';
-
-    my $hashref = TieDomainHash($udom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
     if ($hashref) {
 	while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
-	    my ($descr,$lasttime)=split(/\:/,$value);
-	    if ($lasttime<$since) { 
-		next; 
-	    }
-	    if ($description eq '.') {
-		$qresult.=$key.'='.$descr.'&';
-	    } else {
-		my $unescapeVal = &unescape($descr);
-		if (eval('$unescapeVal=~/$description/i')) {
-		    $qresult.="$key=$descr&";
+	    my ($descr,$lasttime,$inst_code,$owner);
+            my @courseitems = split(/:/,$value);
+            $lasttime = pop(@courseitems);
+	    ($descr,$inst_code,$owner)=@courseitems;
+	    if ($lasttime<$since) { next; }
+            my $match = 1;
+	    unless ($description eq '.') {
+		my $unescapeDescr = &unescape($descr);
+		unless (eval('$unescapeDescr=~/\Q$description\E/i')) {
+                    $match = 0;
 		}
+            }
+            unless ($instcodefilter eq '.' || !defined($instcodefilter)) {
+                my $unescapeInstcode = &unescape($inst_code);
+                unless (eval('$unescapeInstcode=~/\Q$instcodefilter\E/i')) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
 	    }
+            unless ($ownerfilter eq '.' || !defined($ownerfilter)) {
+                my $unescapeOwner = &unescape($owner);
+                unless (eval('$unescapeOwner=~/\Q$ownerfilter\E/i')) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($coursefilter eq '.' || !defined($coursefilter)) {
+                my $unescapeCourse = &unescape($key);
+                unless (eval('$unescapeCourse=~/^$udom(_)\Q$coursefilter\E$/')) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($match == 1) {
+                $qresult.=$key.'='.$descr.':'.$inst_code.':'.$owner.'&';
+            }
 	}
 	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
 	    chop($qresult);
-	    Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		    "while attempting courseiddump\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		"while attempting courseiddump\n", $userinput);
     }
 
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("courseiddump", \&DumpCourseIdHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("courseiddump", \&dump_course_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #  Puts an id to a domains id database. 
 #
@@ -2272,38 +3419,37 @@ RegisterHandler("courseiddump", \&DumpCo
 #  Side effects:
 #     reply is written to $client.
 #
-sub PutIdHandler {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub put_id_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
     my ($udom,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
     chomp($what);
     my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
-    my $hashref = TieDomainHash($udom, "ids", &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
-				"P", $what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "ids", &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
+				   "P", $what);
     if ($hashref) {
 	foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
 	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
 	    $hashref->{$key}=$value;
 	}
 	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-	    Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		    "while attempting idput\n", $userinput);
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting idput\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		 "while attempting idput\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		  "while attempting idput\n", $userinput);
     }
 
     return 1;
 }
+&register_handler("idput", \&put_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
-RegisterHandler("idput", \&PutIdHandler, 0, 1, 0);
 #
 #  Retrieves a set of id values from the id database.
 #  Returns an & separated list of results, one for each requested id to the
@@ -2323,10 +3469,9 @@ RegisterHandler("idput", \&PutIdHandler,
 # Side effects:
 #   An & separated list of results is written to $client.
 #
-sub GetIdHandler {
-    my $cmd    = shift;
-    my $tail   = shift;
-    my $client = shift;
+sub get_id_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
     
     my $userinput = "$client:$tail";
     
@@ -2334,27 +3479,27 @@ sub GetIdHandler {
     chomp($what);
     my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
     my $qresult='';
-    my $hashref = TieDomainHash($udom, "ids", &GDBM_READER());
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "ids", &GDBM_READER());
     if ($hashref) {
 	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
 	    $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";
 	}
 	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
 	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
-	    Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
+	    &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		     "while attempting idget\n",$userinput);
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		      "while attempting idget\n",$userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		"while attempting idget\n",$userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		 "while attempting idget\n",$userinput);
     }
     
     return 1;
 }
+&register_handler("idget", \&get_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
-RegisterHandler("idget", \&GetIdHandler, 0, 1, 0);
 #
 #  Process the tmpput command I'm not sure what this does.. Seems to
 #  create a file in the lonDaemons/tmp directory of the form $id.tmp
@@ -2372,10 +3517,8 @@ RegisterHandler("idget", \&GetIdHandler,
 # Side effects:
 #   A file is created in the local filesystem.
 #   A reply is sent to the client.
-sub TmpPutHandler {
-    my $cmd       = shift;
-    my $what      = shift;
-    my $client    = shift;
+sub tmp_put_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $what, $client) = @_;
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$what";	# Reconstruct for logging.
 
@@ -2389,15 +3532,15 @@ sub TmpPutHandler {
     if ($store=IO::File->new(">$execdir/tmp/$id.tmp")) {
 	print $store $what;
 	close $store;
-	Reply($client, "$id\n", $userinput);
+	&Reply($client, "$id\n", $userinput);
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)."IO::File->new Failed ".
-		 "while attempting tmpput\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)."IO::File->new Failed ".
+		  "while attempting tmpput\n", $userinput);
     }
     return 1;
   
 }
-RegisterHandler("tmpput", \&TmpPutHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("tmpput", \&tmp_put_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #   Processes the tmpget command.  This command returns the contents
 #  of a temporary resource file(?) created via tmpput.
@@ -2411,30 +3554,29 @@ RegisterHandler("tmpput", \&TmpPutHandle
 #    1         - Inidcating processing can continue.
 # Side effects:
 #   A reply is sent to the client.
-
 #
-sub TmpGetHandler {
-    my $cmd       = shift;
-    my $id        = shift;
-    my $client    = shift;
+sub tmp_get_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $id, $client) = @_;
+
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$id"; 
     
-    chomp($id);
+
     $id=~s/\W/\_/g;
     my $store;
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     if ($store=IO::File->new("$execdir/tmp/$id.tmp")) {
 	my $reply=<$store>;
-	Reply( $client, "$reply\n", $userinput);
+	&Reply( $client, "$reply\n", $userinput);
 	close $store;
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)."IO::File->new Failed ".
-		 "while attempting tmpget\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)."IO::File->new Failed ".
+		  "while attempting tmpget\n", $userinput);
     }
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("tmpget", \&TmpGetHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("tmpget", \&tmp_get_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #  Process the tmpdel command.  This command deletes a temp resource
 #  created by the tmpput command.
@@ -2449,10 +3591,8 @@ RegisterHandler("tmpget", \&TmpGetHandle
 # Side Effects:
 #   A file is deleted
 #   A reply is sent to the client.
-sub TmpDelHandler {
-    my $cmd      = shift;
-    my $id       = shift;
-    my $client   = shift;
+sub tmp_del_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $id, $client) = @_;
     
     my $userinput= "$cmd:$id";
     
@@ -2460,66 +3600,16 @@ sub TmpDelHandler {
     $id=~s/\W/\_/g;
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     if (unlink("$execdir/tmp/$id.tmp")) {
-	Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
     } else {
-	Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)."Unlink tmp Failed ".
-		 "while attempting tmpdel\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)."Unlink tmp Failed ".
+		  "while attempting tmpdel\n", $userinput);
     }
     
     return 1;
 
 }
-RegisterHandler("tmpdel", \&TmpDelHandler, 0, 1, 0);
-#
-#   ls  - list the contents of a directory.  For each file in the
-#    selected directory the filename followed by the full output of
-#    the stat function is returned.  The returned info for each
-#    file are separated by ':'.  The stat fields are separated by &'s.
-# Parameters:
-#    $cmd        - The command that dispatched us (ls).
-#    $ulsdir     - The directory path to list... I'm not sure what this
-#                  is relative as things like ls:. return e.g.
-#                  no_such_dir.
-#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
-# Returns:
-#     1 - indicating that the daemon should not disconnect.
-# Side Effects:
-#   The reply is written to  $client.
-#
-sub LsHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $ulsdir  = shift;
-    my $client  = shift;
-
-    my $userinput = "$cmd:$ulsdir";
-
-    my $ulsout='';
-    my $ulsfn;
-    if (-e $ulsdir) {
-	if(-d $ulsdir) {
-	    if (opendir(LSDIR,$ulsdir)) {
-		while ($ulsfn=readdir(LSDIR)) {
-		    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn);
-		    $ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.
-			join('&',@ulsstats).':';
-		}
-		closedir(LSDIR);
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir);
-	    $ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats).':';
-	}
-    } else {
-	$ulsout='no_such_dir';
-    }
-    if ($ulsout eq '') { $ulsout='empty'; }
-    Reply($client, "$ulsout\n", $userinput);
-
-
-    return 1;
-}
-RegisterHandler("ls", \&LsHandler, 0, 1, 0);
-
+&register_handler("tmpdel", \&tmp_del_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Processes the setannounce command.  This command
@@ -2540,10 +3630,8 @@ RegisterHandler("ls", \&LsHandler, 0, 1,
 #   The file {DocRoot}/announcement.txt is created.
 #   A reply is sent to $client.
 #
-sub SetAnnounceHandler {
-    my $cmd          = shift;
-    my $announcement = shift;
-    my $client       = shift;
+sub set_announce_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $announcement, $client) = @_;
   
     my $userinput    = "$cmd:$announcement";
 
@@ -2553,14 +3641,14 @@ sub SetAnnounceHandler {
 				'/announcement.txt')) {
 	print $store $announcement;
 	close $store;
-	Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
     } else {
-	Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)."\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)."\n", $userinput);
     }
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("setannounce", \&SetAnnounceHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("setannounce", \&set_announce_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #  Return the version of the daemon.  This can be used to determine
@@ -2575,18 +3663,17 @@ RegisterHandler("setannounce", \&SetAnno
 #   1 - continue processing requests.
 # Side Effects:
 #   Replies with version to $client.
-sub GetVersionHandler {
-    my $client     = shift;
-    my $tail       = shift;
-    my $client     = shift;
-    my $userinput  = $client;
+sub get_version_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput  = $cmd.$tail;
     
-    Reply($client, &version($userinput)."\n", $userinput);
+    &Reply($client, &version($userinput)."\n", $userinput);
 
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("version", \&GetVersionHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("version", \&get_version_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #  Set the current host and domain.  This is used to support
 #  multihomed systems.  Each IP of the system, or even separate daemons
@@ -2605,19 +3692,17 @@ RegisterHandler("version", \&GetVersionH
 #     The default domain/system context is modified for this daemon.
 #     a reply is sent to the client.
 #
-sub SelectHostHandler {
-    my $cmd        = shift;
-    my $tail       = shift;
-    my $socket     = shift;
+sub set_virtual_host_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $socket) = @_;
   
     my $userinput  ="$cmd:$tail";
 
-    Reply($client, &sethost($userinput)."\n", $userinput);
+    &Reply($client, &sethost($userinput)."\n", $userinput);
 
 
     return 1;
 }
-RegisterHandler("sethost", \&SelectHostHandler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("sethost", \&set_virtual_host_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #  Process a request to exit:
 #   - "bye" is sent to the client.
@@ -2630,698 +3715,524 @@ RegisterHandler("sethost", \&SelectHostH
 # Returns:
 #   0      - Indicating the program should exit!!
 #
-sub ExitHandler {
-    my $cmd     = shift;
-    my $tail    = shift;
-    my $client  = shift;
+sub exit_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
     &logthis("Client $clientip ($clientname) hanging up: $userinput");
-    Reply($client, "bye\n", $userinput);
+    &Reply($client, "bye\n", $userinput);
     $client->shutdown(2);        # shutdown the socket forcibly.
     $client->close();
 
     return 0;
 }
-RegisterHandler("exit", \&ExitHandler, 0, 1,1);
-RegisterHandler("init", \&ExitHandler, 0, 1,1);	# RE-init is like exit.
-RegisterHandler("quit", \&ExitHandler, 0, 1,1); # I like this too!
-#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-#
-#   Process a Request.  Takes a request from the client validates
-#   it and performs the operation requested by it.  Returns
-#   a response to the client.
-#
-#  Parameters:
-#      request      - A string containing the user's request.
-#  Returns:
-#      0            - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
-#      1            - Accept additional requests from the client.
+&register_handler("exit", \&exit_handler, 0,1,1);
+&register_handler("init", \&exit_handler, 0,1,1);
+&register_handler("quit", \&exit_handler, 0,1,1);
+
+#  Determine if auto-enrollment is enabled.
+#  Note that the original had what I believe to be a defect.
+#  The original returned 0 if the requestor was not a registerd client.
+#  It should return "refused".
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd       - The command that invoked us.
+#   $tail      - The tail of the command (Extra command parameters.
+#   $client    - The socket open on the client that issued the request.
+# Returns:
+#    1         - Indicating processing should continue.
 #
-sub ProcessRequest {
-    my $Request      = shift;
-    my $KeepGoing    = 1;	# Assume we're not asked to stop.
-    
-    my $wasenc=0;
-    my $userinput = $Request;   # for compatibility with oldcode <yeach>
+sub enrollment_enabled_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = $cmd.":".$tail; # For logging purposes.
 
+    
+    my $cdom = split(/:/, $tail);   # Domain we're asking about.
+    my $outcome  = &localenroll::run($cdom);
+    &Reply($client, "$outcome\n", $userinput);
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------ See if encrypted
-   
-    if($userinput =~ /^enc/) {
-	$wasenc = 1;
-	$userinput = Decipher($userinput);
-	if(! $userinput) {
-	    Failure($client,"error:Encrypted data without negotiating key");
-	    return 0;                      # Break off with this imposter.
-	}
-    }
-    # Split off the request keyword from the rest of the stuff.
-   
-    my ($command, $tail) = split(/:/, $userinput, 2);
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autorun", \&enrollment_enabled_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
-    Debug("Command received: $command, encoded = $wasenc");
+#   Get the official sections for which auto-enrollment is possible.
+#   Since the admin people won't know about 'unofficial sections' 
+#   we cannot auto-enroll on them.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched here.
+#    $tail    - The remainder of the request.  In our case this
+#               will be split into:
+#               $coursecode   - The course name from the admin point of view.
+#               $cdom         - The course's domain(?).
+#    $client  - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1    - Indiciting processing should continue.
+#
+sub get_sections_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-   
-# ------------------------------------------------------------- Normal commands
+    my ($coursecode, $cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    my @secs = &localenroll::get_sections($coursecode,$cdom);
+    my $seclist = &escape(join(':',@secs));
 
-    # 
-    #   If the command is in the hash, then execute it via the hash dispatch:
-    #
-    if(defined $Dispatcher{$command}) {
+    &Reply($client, "$seclist\n", $userinput);
+    
 
-	my $DispatchInfo = $Dispatcher{$command};
-	my $Handler      = $$DispatchInfo[0];
-	my $NeedEncode   = $$DispatchInfo[1];
-	my $ClientTypes  = $$DispatchInfo[2];
-	Debug("Matched dispatch hash: mustencode: $NeedEncode ClientType $ClientTypes");
-      
-	#  Validate the request:
-      
-	my $ok = 1;
-	my $requesterprivs = 0;
-	if(isClient()) {
-	    $requesterprivs |= $CLIENT_OK;
-	}
-	if(isManager()) {
-	    $requesterprivs |= $MANAGER_OK;
-	}
-	if($NeedEncode && (!$wasenc)) {
-	    Debug("Must encode but wasn't: $NeedEncode $wasenc");
-	    $ok = 0;
-	}
-	if(($ClientTypes & $requesterprivs) == 0) {
-	    Debug("Client not privileged to do this operation");
-	    $ok = 0;
-	}
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autogetsections", \&get_sections_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
-	if($ok) {
-	    Debug("Dispatching to handler $command $tail");
-	    $KeepGoing = &$Handler($command, $tail, $client);
-	} else {
-	    Debug("Refusing to dispatch because ok is false");
-	    Failure($client, "refused", $userinput);
-	}
+#   Validate the owner of a new course section.  
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd      - Command that got us dispatched.
+#   $tail     - the remainder of the command.  For us this consists of a
+#               colon separated string containing:
+#                  $inst    - Course Id from the institutions point of view.
+#                  $owner   - Proposed owner of the course.
+#                  $cdom    - Domain of the course (from the institutions
+#                             point of view?)..
+#   $client   - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#   1        - Processing should continue.
+#
+sub validate_course_owner_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($inst_course_id, $owner, $cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
 
+    my $outcome = &localenroll::new_course($inst_course_id,$owner,$cdom);
+    &Reply($client, "$outcome\n", $userinput);
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------- unknown command
 
-    } else {
-	# unknown command
-	Failure($client, "unknown_cmd\n", $userinput);
-    }
 
-    return $KeepGoing;
+    return 1;
 }
-
+&register_handler("autonewcourse", \&validate_course_owner_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
-#   GetCertificate: Given a transaction that requires a certificate,
-#   this function will extract the certificate from the transaction
-#   request.  Note that at this point, the only concept of a certificate
-#   is the hostname to which we are connected.
+#   Validate a course section in the official schedule of classes
+#   from the institutions point of view (part of autoenrollment).
 #
-#   Parameter:
-#      request   - The request sent by our client (this parameterization may
-#                  need to change when we really use a certificate granting
-#                  authority.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd          - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#   $tail         - The tail of the command.  In this case,
+#                   this is a colon separated set of words that will be split
+#                   into:
+#                        $inst_course_id - The course/section id from the
+#                                          institutions point of view.
+#                        $cdom           - The domain from the institutions
+#                                          point of view.
+#   $client       - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1           - Indicating processing should continue.
 #
-sub GetCertificate {
-    my $request = shift;
+sub validate_course_section_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($inst_course_id, $cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
 
-    return $clientip;
-}
+    my $outcome=&localenroll::validate_courseID($inst_course_id,$cdom);
+    &Reply($client, "$outcome\n", $userinput);
 
 
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autovalidatecourse", \&validate_course_section_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
-#   ReadManagerTable: Reads in the current manager table. For now this is
-#                     done on each manager authentication because:
-#                     - These authentications are not frequent
-#                     - This allows dynamic changes to the manager table
-#                       without the need to signal to the lond.
+#   Create a password for a new auto-enrollment user.
+#   I think/guess, this password allows access to the institutions 
+#   AIS class list server/services.  Stuart can correct this comment
+#   when he finds out how wrong I am.
 #
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail    - The tail of the command.   In this case this is a colon separated
+#               set of words that will be split into:
+#               $authparam - An authentication parameter (username??).
+#               $cdom      - The domain of the course from the institution's
+#                            point of view.
+#    $client  - The socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1 - continue processing.
+#
+sub create_auto_enroll_password_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-sub ReadManagerTable {
+    my ($authparam, $cdom) = split(/:/, $userinput);
 
-    #   Clean out the old table first..
+    my ($create_passwd,$authchk);
+    ($authparam,
+     $create_passwd,
+     $authchk) = &localenroll::create_password($authparam,$cdom);
 
-    foreach my $key (keys %managers) {
-	delete $managers{$key};
-    }
+    &Reply($client, &escape($authparam.':'.$create_passwd.':'.$authchk)."\n",
+	   $userinput);
 
-    my $tablename = $perlvar{'lonTabDir'}."/managers.tab";
-    if (!open (MANAGERS, $tablename)) {
-	logthis('<font color="red">No manager table.  Nobody can manage!!</font>');
-	return;
-    }
-    while(my $host = <MANAGERS>) {
-	chomp($host);
-	if ($host =~ "^#") {                  # Comment line.
-	    logthis('<font color="green"> Skipping line: '. "$host</font>\n");
-	    next;
-	}
-	if (!defined $hostip{$host}) { # This is a non cluster member
-	    #  The entry is of the form:
-	    #    cluname:hostname
-	    #  cluname - A 'cluster hostname' is needed in order to negotiate
-	    #            the host key.
-	    #  hostname- The dns name of the host.
-	    #
-	    my($cluname, $dnsname) = split(/:/, $host);
-	    
-	    my $ip = gethostbyname($dnsname);
-	    if(defined($ip)) {                 # bad names don't deserve entry.
-		my $hostip = inet_ntoa($ip);
-		$managers{$hostip} = $cluname;
-		logthis('<font color="green"> registering manager '.
-			"$dnsname as $cluname with $hostip </font>\n");
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    logthis('<font color="green"> existing host'." $host</font>\n");
-	    $managers{$hostip{$host}} = $host;  # Use info from cluster tab if clumemeber
-	}
-    }
+
+    return 1;
 }
+&register_handler("autocreatepassword", \&create_auto_enroll_password_handler, 
+		  0, 1, 0);
 
+#   Retrieve and remove temporary files created by/during autoenrollment.
 #
-#  ValidManager: Determines if a given certificate represents a valid manager.
-#                in this primitive implementation, the 'certificate' is
-#                just the connecting loncapa client name.  This is checked
-#                against a valid client list in the configuration.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail     - The tail of the command.  In our case this is a colon 
+#                separated list that will be split into:
+#                $filename - The name of the file to remove.
+#                            The filename is given as a path relative to
+#                            the LonCAPA temp file directory.
+#    $client   - Socket open on the client.
 #
-#                  
-sub ValidManager {
-    my $certificate = shift; 
+# Returns:
+#   1     - Continue processing.
+sub retrieve_auto_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)    = @_;
+    my $userinput                = "cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($filename)   = split(/:/, $tail);
+
+    my $source = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename;
+    if ( (-e $source) && ($filename ne '') ) {
+	my $reply = '';
+	if (open(my $fh,$source)) {
+	    while (<$fh>) {
+		chomp($_);
+		$_ =~ s/^\s+//g;
+		$_ =~ s/\s+$//g;
+		$reply .= $_;
+	    }
+	    close($fh);
+	    &Reply($client, &escape($reply)."\n", $userinput);
 
-    return isManager;
-}
-#
-#  CopyFile:  Called as part of the process of installing a 
-#             new configuration file.  This function copies an existing
-#             file to a backup file.
-# Parameters:
-#     oldfile  - Name of the file to backup.
-#     newfile  - Name of the backup file.
-# Return:
-#     0   - Failure (errno has failure reason).
-#     1   - Success.
+#   Does this have to be uncommented??!?  (RF).
 #
-sub CopyFile {
-    my $oldfile = shift;
-    my $newfile = shift;
-
-    #  The file must exist:
-
-    if(-e $oldfile) {
-
-	# Read the old file.
-
-	my $oldfh = IO::File->new("< $oldfile");
-	if(!$oldfh) {
-	    return 0;
-	}
-	my @contents = <$oldfh>;  # Suck in the entire file.
-
-	# write the backup file:
-
-	my $newfh = IO::File->new("> $newfile");
-	if(!(defined $newfh)){
-	    return 0;
-	}
-	my $lines = scalar @contents;
-	for (my $i =0; $i < $lines; $i++) {
-	    print $newfh ($contents[$i]);
+#                                unlink($source);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "error\n", $userinput);
 	}
-
-	$oldfh->close;
-	$newfh->close;
-
-	chmod(0660, $newfile);
-
-	return 1;
-	    
     } else {
-	return 0;
+	&Failure($client, "error\n", $userinput);
     }
+    
+
+    return 1;
 }
+&register_handler("autoretrieve", \&retrieve_auto_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
 #
-#  Host files are passed out with externally visible host IPs.
-#  If, for example, we are behind a fire-wall or NAT host, our 
-#  internally visible IP may be different than the externally
-#  visible IP.  Therefore, we always adjust the contents of the
-#  host file so that the entry for ME is the IP that we believe
-#  we have.  At present, this is defined as the entry that
-#  DNS has for us.  If by some chance we are not able to get a
-#  DNS translation for us, then we assume that the host.tab file
-#  is correct.  
-#    BUGBUGBUG - in the future, we really should see if we can
-#       easily query the interface(s) instead.
-# Parameter(s):
-#     contents    - The contents of the host.tab to check.
+#   Read and retrieve institutional code format (for support form).
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - Command that dispatched us.
+#    $tail       - Tail of the command.  In this case it conatins 
+#                  the course domain and the coursename.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
 # Returns:
-#     newcontents - The adjusted contents.
+#    1     - Continue processing.
 #
+sub get_institutional_code_format_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my $reply;
+    my($cdom,$course) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    my @pairs = split/\&/,$course;
+    my %instcodes = ();
+    my %codes = ();
+    my @codetitles = ();
+    my %cat_titles = ();
+    my %cat_order = ();
+    foreach (@pairs) {
+	my ($key,$value) = split/=/,$_;
+	$instcodes{&unescape($key)} = &unescape($value);
+    }
+    my $formatreply = &localenroll::instcode_format($cdom,
+						    \%instcodes,
+						    \%codes,
+						    \@codetitles,
+						    \%cat_titles,
+						    \%cat_order);
+    if ($formatreply eq 'ok') {
+	my $codes_str = &hash2str(%codes);
+	my $codetitles_str = &array2str(@codetitles);
+	my $cat_titles_str = &hash2str(%cat_titles);
+	my $cat_order_str = &hash2str(%cat_order);
+	&Reply($client,
+	       $codes_str.':'.$codetitles_str.':'.$cat_titles_str.':'
+	       .$cat_order_str."\n",
+	       $userinput);
+    } else {
+	# this else branch added by RF since if not ok, lonc will
+	# hang waiting on reply until timeout.
+	#
+	&Reply($client, "format_error\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autoinstcodeformat",
+		  \&get_institutional_code_format_handler,0,1,0);
+
 #
-sub AdjustHostContents {
-    my $contents  = shift;
-    my $adjusted;
-    my $me        = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+# Gets a student's photo to exist (in the correct image type) in the user's 
+# directory.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail    - A colon separated set of words that will be split into:
+#               $domain - student's domain
+#               $uname  - student username
+#               $type   - image type desired
+#    $client  - The socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1 - continue processing.
+sub student_photo_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my ($domain,$uname,$type) = split(/:/, $tail);
+
+    my $path=&propath($domain,$uname).
+	'/userfiles/internal/studentphoto.'.$type;
+    if (-e $path) {
+	&Reply($client,"ok\n","$cmd:$tail");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    &mkpath($path);
+    my $file=&localstudentphoto::fetch($domain,$uname);
+    if (!$file) {
+	&Failure($client,"unavailable\n","$cmd:$tail");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    if (!-e $path) { &convert_photo($file,$path); }
+    if (-e $path) {
+	&Reply($client,"ok\n","$cmd:$tail");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    &Failure($client,"unable_to_convert\n","$cmd:$tail");
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("studentphoto", \&student_photo_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
-    foreach my $line (split(/\n/,$contents)) {
-	if(!(($line eq "") || ($line =~ /^ *\#/) || ($line =~ /^ *$/))) {
-	    chomp($line);
-	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon)=split(/:/,$line);
-	    if ($id eq $me) {
-		my $ip = gethostbyname($name);
-		my $ipnew = inet_ntoa($ip);
-		$ip = $ipnew;
-		#  Reconstruct the host line and append to adjusted:
-		
-		my $newline = "$id:$domain:$role:$name:$ip";
-		if($maxcon ne "") { # Not all hosts have loncnew tuning params
-		    $newline .= ":$maxcon:$idleto:$mincon";
-		}
-		$adjusted .= $newline."\n";
-		
-	    } else {		# Not me, pass unmodified.
-		$adjusted .= $line."\n";
-	    }
-	} else {                  # Blank or comment never re-written.
-	    $adjusted .= $line."\n";	# Pass blanks and comments as is.
+# mkpath makes all directories for a file, expects an absolute path with a
+# file or a trailing / if just a dir is passed
+# returns 1 on success 0 on failure
+sub mkpath {
+    my ($file)=@_;
+    my @parts=split(/\//,$file,-1);
+    my $now=$parts[0].'/'.$parts[1].'/'.$parts[2];
+    for (my $i=3;$i<= ($#parts-1);$i++) {
+	$now.='/'.$parts[$i]; 
+	if (!-e $now) {
+	    if  (!mkdir($now,0770)) { return 0; }
 	}
     }
-    return $adjusted;
+    return 1;
 }
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------
 #
-#   InstallFile: Called to install an administrative file:
-#       - The file is created with <name>.tmp
-#       - The <name>.tmp file is then mv'd to <name>
-#   This lugubrious procedure is done to ensure that we are never without
-#   a valid, even if dated, version of the file regardless of who crashes
-#   and when the crash occurs.
+#   Getting, decoding and dispatching requests:
 #
-#  Parameters:
-#       Name of the file
-#       File Contents.
-#  Return:
-#      nonzero - success.
-#      0       - failure and $! has an errno.
 #
-sub InstallFile {
-    my $Filename = shift;
-    my $Contents = shift;
-    my $TempFile = $Filename.".tmp";
-
-    #  Open the file for write:
-    
-    my $fh = IO::File->new("> $TempFile"); # Write to temp.
-    if(!(defined $fh)) {
-	&logthis('<font color="red"> Unable to create '.$TempFile."</font>");
-	return 0;
-    }
-    #  write the contents of the file:
-    
-    print $fh ($Contents); 
-    $fh->close;			# In case we ever have a filesystem w. locking
+#   Get a Request:
+#   Gets a Request message from the client.  The transaction
+#   is defined as a 'line' of text.  We remove the new line
+#   from the text line.  
+#
+sub get_request {
+    my $input = <$client>;
+    chomp($input);
 
-    chmod(0660, $TempFile);
+    &Debug("get_request: Request = $input\n");
 
-    # Now we can move install the file in position.
-    
-    move($TempFile, $Filename);
+    &status('Processing '.$clientname.':'.$input);
 
-    return 1;
+    return $input;
 }
+#---------------------------------------------------------------
 #
-#   ConfigFileFromSelector: converts a configuration file selector
-#                 (one of host or domain at this point) into a 
-#                 configuration file pathname.
+#  Process a request.  This sub should shrink as each action
+#  gets farmed out into a separat sub that is registered 
+#  with the dispatch hash.  
 #
-#  Parameters:
-#      selector  - Configuration file selector.
-#  Returns:
-#      Full path to the file or undef if the selector is invalid.
+# Parameters:
+#    user_input   - The request received from the client (lonc).
+# Returns:
+#    true to keep processing, false if caller should exit.
 #
-sub ConfigFileFromSelector {
-    my $selector   = shift;
-    my $tablefile;
-
-    my $tabledir = $perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/';
-    if ($selector eq "hosts") {
-	$tablefile = $tabledir."hosts.tab";
-    } elsif ($selector eq "domain") {
-	$tablefile = $tabledir."domain.tab";
-    } else {
-	return undef;
+sub process_request {
+    my ($userinput) = @_;      # Easier for now to break style than to
+                                # fix all the userinput -> user_input.
+    my $wasenc    = 0;		# True if request was encrypted.
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ See if encrypted
+    if ($userinput =~ /^enc/) {
+	$userinput = decipher($userinput);
+	$wasenc=1;
+	if(!$userinput) {	# Cipher not defined.
+	    &Failure($client, "error: Encrypted data without negotated key\n");
+	    return 0;
+	}
     }
-    return $tablefile;
-
-}
-#
-#   PushFile:  Called to do an administrative push of a file.
-#              - Ensure the file being pushed is one we support.
-#              - Backup the old file to <filename.saved>
-#              - Separate the contents of the new file out from the
-#                rest of the request.
-#              - Write the new file.
-#  Parameter:
-#     Request - The entire user request.  This consists of a : separated
-#               string pushfile:tablename:contents.
-#     NOTE:  The contents may have :'s in it as well making things a bit
-#            more interesting... but not much.
-#  Returns:
-#     String to send to client ("ok" or "refused" if bad file).
-#
-sub PushFile {
-    my $request = shift;    
-    my ($command, $filename, $contents) = split(":", $request, 3);
+    Debug("process_request: $userinput\n");
     
-    #  At this point in time, pushes for only the following tables are
-    #  supported:
-    #   hosts.tab  ($filename eq host).
-    #   domain.tab ($filename eq domain).
-    # Construct the destination filename or reject the request.
-    #
-    # lonManage is supposed to ensure this, however this session could be
-    # part of some elaborate spoof that managed somehow to authenticate.
-    #
+    #  
+    #   The 'correct way' to add a command to lond is now to
+    #   write a sub to execute it and Add it to the command dispatch
+    #   hash via a call to register_handler..  The comments to that
+    #   sub should give you enough to go on to show how to do this
+    #   along with the examples that are building up as this code
+    #   is getting refactored.   Until all branches of the
+    #   if/elseif monster below have been factored out into
+    #   separate procesor subs, if the dispatch hash is missing
+    #   the command keyword, we will fall through to the remainder
+    #   of the if/else chain below in order to keep this thing in 
+    #   working order throughout the transmogrification.
 
-
-    my $tablefile = ConfigFileFromSelector($filename);
-    if(! (defined $tablefile)) {
-	return "refused";
-    }
-    #
-    # >copy< the old table to the backup table
-    #        don't rename in case system crashes/reboots etc. in the time
-    #        window between a rename and write.
-    #
-    my $backupfile = $tablefile;
-    $backupfile    =~ s/\.tab$/.old/;
-    if(!CopyFile($tablefile, $backupfile)) {
-	&logthis('<font color="green"> CopyFile from '.$tablefile." to ".$backupfile." failed </font>");
-	return "error:$!";
+    my ($command, $tail) = split(/:/, $userinput, 2);
+    chomp($command);
+    chomp($tail);
+    $tail =~ s/(\r)//;		# This helps people debugging with e.g. telnet.
+    $command =~ s/(\r)//;	# And this too for parameterless commands.
+    if(!$tail) {
+	$tail ="";		# defined but blank.
     }
-    &logthis('<font color="green"> Pushfile: backed up '
-	     .$tablefile." to $backupfile</font>");
-    
-    #  If the file being pushed is the host file, we adjust the entry for ourself so that the
-    #  IP will be our current IP as looked up in dns.  Note this is only 99% good as it's possible
-    #  to conceive of conditions where we don't have a DNS entry locally.  This is possible in a 
-    #  network sense but it doesn't make much sense in a LonCAPA sense so we ignore (for now)
-    #  that possibilty.
 
-    if($filename eq "host") {
-	$contents = AdjustHostContents($contents);
-    }
+    &Debug("Command received: $command, encoded = $wasenc");
 
-    #  Install the new file:
+    if(defined $Dispatcher{$command}) {
 
-    if(!InstallFile($tablefile, $contents)) {
-	&logthis('<font color="red"> Pushfile: unable to install '
-		 .$tablefile." $! </font>");
-	return "error:$!";
-    } else {
-	&logthis('<font color="green"> Installed new '.$tablefile
-		 ."</font>");
-	
-    }
+	my $dispatch_info = $Dispatcher{$command};
+	my $handler       = $$dispatch_info[0];
+	my $need_encode   = $$dispatch_info[1];
+	my $client_types  = $$dispatch_info[2];
+	Debug("Matched dispatch hash: mustencode: $need_encode "
+	      ."ClientType $client_types");
+      
+	#  Validate the request:
+      
+	my $ok = 1;
+	my $requesterprivs = 0;
+	if(&isClient()) {
+	    $requesterprivs |= $CLIENT_OK;
+	}
+	if(&isManager()) {
+	    $requesterprivs |= $MANAGER_OK;
+	}
+	if($need_encode && (!$wasenc)) {
+	    Debug("Must encode but wasn't: $need_encode $wasenc");
+	    $ok = 0;
+	}
+	if(($client_types & $requesterprivs) == 0) {
+	    Debug("Client not privileged to do this operation");
+	    $ok = 0;
+	}
 
+	if($ok) {
+	    Debug("Dispatching to handler $command $tail");
+	    my $keep_going = &$handler($command, $tail, $client);
+	    return $keep_going;
+	} else {
+	    Debug("Refusing to dispatch because client did not match requirements");
+	    Failure($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+	    return 1;
+	}
 
-    #  Indicate success:
- 
-    return "ok";
+    }    
 
+    print $client "unknown_cmd\n";
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------- complete
+    Debug("process_request - returning 1");
+    return 1;
 }
-
-#
-#  Called to re-init either lonc or lond.
 #
+#   Decipher encoded traffic
 #  Parameters:
-#    request   - The full request by the client.  This is of the form
-#                reinit:<process>  
-#                where <process> is allowed to be either of 
-#                lonc or lond
-#
+#     input      - Encoded data.
 #  Returns:
-#     The string to be sent back to the client either:
-#   ok         - Everything worked just fine.
-#   error:why  - There was a failure and why describes the reason.
-#
-#
-sub ReinitProcess {
-    my $request = shift;
-
-
-    # separate the request (reinit) from the process identifier and
-    # validate it producing the name of the .pid file for the process.
-    #
-    #
-    my ($junk, $process) = split(":", $request);
-    my $processpidfile = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/logs/';
-    if($process eq 'lonc') {
-	$processpidfile = $processpidfile."lonc.pid";
-	if (!open(PIDFILE, "< $processpidfile")) {
-	    return "error:Open failed for $processpidfile";
-	}
-	my $loncpid = <PIDFILE>;
-	close(PIDFILE);
-	logthis('<font color="red"> Reinitializing lonc pid='.$loncpid
-		."</font>");
-	kill("USR2", $loncpid);
-    } elsif ($process eq 'lond') {
-	logthis('<font color="red"> Reinitializing self (lond) </font>');
-	&UpdateHosts;			# Lond is us!!
-    } else {
-	&logthis('<font color="yellow" Invalid reinit request for '.$process
-		 ."</font>");
-	return "error:Invalid process identifier $process";
-    }
-    return 'ok';
-}
-#   Validate a line in a configuration file edit script:
-#   Validation includes:
-#     - Ensuring the command is valid.
-#     - Ensuring the command has sufficient parameters
-#   Parameters:
-#     scriptline - A line to validate (\n has been stripped for what it's worth).
-#
-#   Return:
-#      0     - Invalid scriptline.
-#      1     - Valid scriptline
-#  NOTE:
-#     Only the command syntax is checked, not the executability of the
-#     command.
+#     Decoded data or undef if encryption key was not yet negotiated.
+#  Implicit input:
+#     cipher  - This global holds the negotiated encryption key.
 #
-sub isValidEditCommand {
-    my $scriptline = shift;
-
-    #   Line elements are pipe separated:
-
-    my ($command, $key, $newline)  = split(/\|/, $scriptline);
-    &logthis('<font color="green"> isValideditCommand checking: '.
-	     "Command = '$command', Key = '$key', Newline = '$newline' </font>\n");
+sub decipher {
+    my ($input)  = @_;
+    my $output = '';
     
-    if ($command eq "delete") {
-	#
-	#   key with no newline.
-	#
-	if( ($key eq "") || ($newline ne "")) {
-	    return 0;		# Must have key but no newline.
-	} else {
-	    return 1;		# Valid syntax.
-	}
-    } elsif ($command eq "replace") {
-	#
-	#   key and newline:
-	#
-	if (($key eq "") || ($newline eq "")) {
-	    return 0;
-	} else {
-	    return 1;
-	}
-    } elsif ($command eq "append") {
-	if (($key ne "") && ($newline eq "")) {
-	    return 1;
-	} else {
-	    return 0;
+    
+    if($cipher) {
+	my($enc, $enclength, $encinput) = split(/:/, $input);
+	for(my $encidx = 0; $encidx < length($encinput); $encidx += 16) {
+	    $output .= 
+		$cipher->decrypt(pack("H16", substr($encinput, $encidx, 16)));
 	}
+	return substr($output, 0, $enclength);
     } else {
-	return 0;		# Invalid command.
+	return undef;
     }
-    return 0;			# Should not get here!!!
 }
+
 #
-#   ApplyEdit - Applies an edit command to a line in a configuration 
-#               file.  It is the caller's responsiblity to validate the
-#               edit line.
+#   Register a command processor.  This function is invoked to register a sub
+#   to process a request.  Once registered, the ProcessRequest sub can automatically
+#   dispatch requests to an appropriate sub, and do the top level validity checking
+#   as well:
+#    - Is the keyword recognized.
+#    - Is the proper client type attempting the request.
+#    - Is the request encrypted if it has to be.
 #   Parameters:
-#      $directive - A single edit directive to apply.  
-#                   Edit directives are of the form:
-#                  append|newline      - Appends a new line to the file.
-#                  replace|key|newline - Replaces the line with key value 'key'
-#                  delete|key          - Deletes the line with key value 'key'.
-#      $editor   - A config file editor object that contains the
-#                  file being edited.
+#    $request_name         - Name of the request being registered.
+#                           This is the command request that will match
+#                           against the hash keywords to lookup the information
+#                           associated with the dispatch information.
+#    $procedure           - Reference to a sub to call to process the request.
+#                           All subs get called as follows:
+#                             Procedure($cmd, $tail, $replyfd, $key)
+#                             $cmd    - the actual keyword that invoked us.
+#                             $tail   - the tail of the request that invoked us.
+#                             $replyfd- File descriptor connected to the client
+#    $must_encode          - True if the request must be encoded to be good.
+#    $client_ok            - True if it's ok for a client to request this.
+#    $manager_ok           - True if it's ok for a manager to request this.
+# Side effects:
+#      - On success, the Dispatcher hash has an entry added for the key $RequestName
+#      - On failure, the program will die as it's a bad internal bug to try to 
+#        register a duplicate command handler.
 #
-sub ApplyEdit {
-    my $directive   = shift;
-    my $editor      = shift;
-
-    # Break the directive down into its command and its parameters
-    # (at most two at this point.  The meaning of the parameters, if in fact
-    #  they exist depends on the command).
-
-    my ($command, $p1, $p2) = split(/\|/, $directive);
+sub register_handler {
+    my ($request_name,$procedure,$must_encode,	$client_ok,$manager_ok)   = @_;
 
-    if($command eq "append") {
-	$editor->Append($p1);	          # p1 - key p2 null.
-    } elsif ($command eq "replace") {
-	$editor->ReplaceLine($p1, $p2);   # p1 - key p2 = newline.
-    } elsif ($command eq "delete") {
-	$editor->DeleteLine($p1);         # p1 - key p2 null.
-    } else {			          # Should not get here!!!
-	die "Invalid command given to ApplyEdit $command";
+    #  Don't allow duplication#
+   
+    if (defined $Dispatcher{$request_name}) {
+	die "Attempting to define a duplicate request handler for $request_name\n";
     }
-}
-#
-# AdjustOurHost:
-#           Adjusts a host file stored in a configuration file editor object
-#           for the true IP address of this host. This is necessary for hosts
-#           that live behind a firewall.
-#           Those hosts have a publicly distributed IP of the firewall, but
-#           internally must use their actual IP.  We assume that a given
-#           host only has a single IP interface for now.
-# Formal Parameters:
-#     editor   - The configuration file editor to adjust.  This
-#                editor is assumed to contain a hosts.tab file.
-# Strategy:
-#    - Figure out our hostname.
-#    - Lookup the entry for this host.
-#    - Modify the line to contain our IP
-#    - Do a replace for this host.
-sub AdjustOurHost {
-    my $editor        = shift;
-
-    # figure out who I am.
-
-    my $myHostName    = $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; # LonCAPA hostname.
-
-    #  Get my host file entry.
-
-    my $ConfigLine    = $editor->Find($myHostName);
-    if(! (defined $ConfigLine)) {
-	die "AdjustOurHost - no entry for me in hosts file $myHostName";
+    #   Build the client type mask:
+    
+    my $client_type_mask = 0;
+    if($client_ok) {
+	$client_type_mask  |= $CLIENT_OK;
     }
-    # figure out my IP:
-    #   Use the config line to get my hostname.
-    #   Use gethostbyname to translate that into an IP address.
-    #
-    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon) = split(/:/,$ConfigLine);
-    my $BinaryIp = gethostbyname($name);
-    my $ip       = inet_ntoa($ip);
-    #
-    #  Reassemble the config line from the elements in the list.
-    #  Note that if the loncnew items were not present before, they will
-    #  be now even if they would be empty
-    #
-    my $newConfigLine = $id;
-    foreach my $item ($domain, $role, $name, $ip, $maxcon, $idleto, $mincon) {
-	$newConfigLine .= ":".$item;
+    if($manager_ok) {
+	$client_type_mask  |= $MANAGER_OK;
     }
-    #  Replace the line:
-
-    $editor->ReplaceLine($id, $newConfigLine);
-    
-}
-#
-#   ReplaceConfigFile:
-#              Replaces a configuration file with the contents of a
-#              configuration file editor object.
-#              This is done by:
-#              - Copying the target file to <filename>.old
-#              - Writing the new file to <filename>.tmp
-#              - Moving <filename.tmp>  -> <filename>
-#              This laborious process ensures that the system is never without
-#              a configuration file that's at least valid (even if the contents
-#              may be dated).
-#   Parameters:
-#        filename   - Name of the file to modify... this is a full path.
-#        editor     - Editor containing the file.
-#
-sub ReplaceConfigFile {
-    my $filename  = shift;
-    my $editor    = shift;
-
-    CopyFile ($filename, $filename.".old");
-
-    my $contents  = $editor->Get(); # Get the contents of the file.
-
-    InstallFile($filename, $contents);
+   
+    #  Enter the hash:
+      
+    my @entry = ($procedure, $must_encode, $client_type_mask);
+   
+    $Dispatcher{$request_name} = \@entry;
+   
 }
-#   
-#
-#   Called to edit a configuration table  file
-#   Parameters:
-#      request           - The entire command/request sent by lonc or lonManage
-#   Return:
-#      The reply to send to the client.
-#
-sub EditFile {
-    my $request = shift;
 
-    #  Split the command into it's pieces:  edit:filetype:script
 
-    my ($request, $filetype, $script) = split(/:/, $request,3);	# : in script
+#------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    #  Check the pre-coditions for success:
 
-    if($request != "edit") {	# Something is amiss afoot alack.
-	return "error:edit request detected, but request != 'edit'\n";
-    }
-    if( ($filetype ne "hosts")  &&
-	($filetype ne "domain")) {
-	return "error:edit requested with invalid file specifier: $filetype \n";
-    }
 
-    #   Split the edit script and check it's validity.
 
-    my @scriptlines = split(/\n/, $script);  # one line per element.
-    my $linecount   = scalar(@scriptlines);
-    for(my $i = 0; $i < $linecount; $i++) {
-	chomp($scriptlines[$i]);
-	if(!isValidEditCommand($scriptlines[$i])) {
-	    return "error:edit with bad script line: '$scriptlines[$i]' \n";
-	}
-    }
-
-    #   Execute the edit operation.
-    #   - Create a config file editor for the appropriate file and 
-    #   - execute each command in the script:
-    #
-    my $configfile = ConfigFileFromSelector($filetype);
-    if (!(defined $configfile)) {
-	return "refused\n";
-    }
-    my $editor = ConfigFileEdit->new($configfile);
-
-    for (my $i = 0; $i < $linecount; $i++) {
-	ApplyEdit($scriptlines[$i], $editor);
-    }
-    # If the file is the host file, ensure that our host is
-    # adjusted to have our ip:
-    #
-    if($filetype eq "host") {
-	AdjustOurHost($editor);
-    }
-    #  Finally replace the current file with our file.
-    #
-    ReplaceConfigFile($configfile, $editor);
-
-    return "ok\n";
-}
 #
 #  Convert an error return code from lcpasswd to a string value.
 #
@@ -3352,22 +4263,22 @@ sub catchexception {
     $SIG{'QUIT'}='DEFAULT';
     $SIG{__DIE__}='DEFAULT';
     &status("Catching exception");
-    &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: "
-	     ."ABNORMAL EXIT. Child $$ for server $thisserver died through "
-	     ."a crash with this error msg->[$error]</font>");
+    &logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: "
+     ."ABNORMAL EXIT. Child $$ for server $thisserver died through "
+     ."a crash with this error msg->[$error]</font>");
     &logthis('Famous last words: '.$status.' - '.$lastlog);
     if ($client) { print $client "error: $error\n"; }
     $server->close();
     die($error);
 }
-
 sub timeout {
     &status("Handling Timeout");
-    &logthis("<font color=ref>CRITICAL: TIME OUT ".$$."</font>");
+    &logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: TIME OUT ".$$."</font>");
     &catchexception('Timeout');
 }
 # -------------------------------- Set signal handlers to record abnormal exits
 
+
 $SIG{'QUIT'}=\&catchexception;
 $SIG{__DIE__}=\&catchexception;
 
@@ -3380,11 +4291,11 @@ undef $perlvarref;
 # ----------------------------- Make sure this process is running from user=www
 my $wwwid=getpwnam('www');
 if ($wwwid!=$<) {
-    my $emailto="$perlvar{'lonAdmEMail'},$perlvar{'lonSysEMail'}";
-    my $subj="LON: $currenthostid User ID mismatch";
-    system("echo 'User ID mismatch.  lond must be run as user www.' |\
+   my $emailto="$perlvar{'lonAdmEMail'},$perlvar{'lonSysEMail'}";
+   my $subj="LON: $currenthostid User ID mismatch";
+   system("echo 'User ID mismatch.  lond must be run as user www.' |\
  mailto $emailto -s '$subj' > /dev/null");
-    exit 1;
+   exit 1;
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------- Check if other instance running
@@ -3392,10 +4303,10 @@ if ($wwwid!=$<) {
 my $pidfile="$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/logs/lond.pid";
 
 if (-e $pidfile) {
-    my $lfh=IO::File->new("$pidfile");
-    my $pide=<$lfh>;
-    chomp($pide);
-    if (kill 0 => $pide) { die "already running"; }
+   my $lfh=IO::File->new("$pidfile");
+   my $pide=<$lfh>;
+   chomp($pide);
+   if (kill 0 => $pide) { die "already running"; }
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Read hosts file
@@ -3408,25 +4319,33 @@ $server = IO::Socket::INET->new(LocalPor
                                 Proto     => 'tcp',
                                 Reuse     => 1,
                                 Listen    => 10 )
-    or die "making socket: $@\n";
+  or die "making socket: $@\n";
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------- Do global variables
 
 # global variables
 
 my %children               = ();       # keys are current child process IDs
-my $children               = 0;        # current number of children
 
 sub REAPER {                        # takes care of dead children
     $SIG{CHLD} = \&REAPER;
     &status("Handling child death");
-    my $pid = wait;
-    if (defined($children{$pid})) {
-	&logthis("Child $pid died");
-	$children --;
-	delete $children{$pid};
-    } else {
-	&logthis("Unknown Child $pid died");
+    my $pid;
+    do {
+	$pid = waitpid(-1,&WNOHANG());
+	if (defined($children{$pid})) {
+	    &logthis("Child $pid died");
+	    delete($children{$pid});
+	} elsif ($pid > 0) {
+	    &logthis("Unknown Child $pid died");
+	}
+    } while ( $pid > 0 );
+    foreach my $child (keys(%children)) {
+	$pid = waitpid($child,&WNOHANG());
+	if ($pid > 0) {
+	    &logthis("Child $child - $pid looks like we missed it's death");
+	    delete($children{$pid});
+	}
     }
     &status("Finished Handling child death");
 }
@@ -3438,7 +4357,7 @@ sub HUNTSMAN {                      # si
     &logthis("Free socket: ".shutdown($server,2)); # free up socket
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     unlink("$execdir/logs/lond.pid");
-    &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: Shutting down</font>");
+    &logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: Shutting down</font>");
     &status("Done killing children");
     exit;                           # clean up with dignity
 }
@@ -3448,7 +4367,7 @@ sub HUPSMAN {                      # sig
     &status("Killing children for restart (HUP)");
     kill 'INT' => keys %children;
     &logthis("Free socket: ".shutdown($server,2)); # free up socket
-    &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: Restarting</font>");
+    &logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: Restarting</font>");
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     unlink("$execdir/logs/lond.pid");
     &status("Restarting self (HUP)");
@@ -3458,7 +4377,7 @@ sub HUPSMAN {                      # sig
 #
 #    Kill off hashes that describe the host table prior to re-reading it.
 #    Hashes affected are:
-#       %hostid, %hostdom %hostip
+#       %hostid, %hostdom %hostip %hostdns.
 #
 sub KillHostHashes {
     foreach my $key (keys %hostid) {
@@ -3470,6 +4389,9 @@ sub KillHostHashes {
     foreach my $key (keys %hostip) {
 	delete $hostip{$key};
     }
+    foreach my $key (keys %hostdns) {
+	delete $hostdns{$key};
+    }
 }
 #
 #   Read in the host table from file and distribute it into the various hashes:
@@ -3480,14 +4402,28 @@ sub KillHostHashes {
 sub ReadHostTable {
 
     open (CONFIG,"$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab") || die "Can't read host file";
-    
+    my $myloncapaname = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    Debug("My loncapa name is : $myloncapaname");
     while (my $configline=<CONFIG>) {
-	my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip)=split(/:/,$configline);
-	chomp($ip); $ip=~s/\D+$//;
-	$hostid{$ip}=$id;
-	$hostdom{$id}=$domain;
-	$hostip{$id}=$ip;
-	if ($id eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) { $thisserver=$name; }
+	if ($configline !~ /^\s*\#/ && $configline !~ /^\s*$/ ) {
+	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name)=split(/:/,$configline);
+	    $name=~s/\s//g;
+	    my $ip = gethostbyname($name);
+	    if (length($ip) ne 4) {
+		&logthis("Skipping host $id name $name no IP $ip found\n");
+		next;
+	    }
+	    $ip=inet_ntoa($ip);
+	    $hostid{$ip}=$id;         # LonCAPA name of host by IP.
+	    $hostdom{$id}=$domain;    # LonCAPA domain name of host. 
+	    $hostip{$id}=$ip;         # IP address of host.
+	    $hostdns{$name} = $id;    # LonCAPA name of host by DNS.
+
+	    if ($id eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) { 
+		Debug("Found me in the host table: $name");
+		$thisserver=$name; 
+	    }
+	}
     }
     close(CONFIG);
 }
@@ -3549,34 +4485,38 @@ sub checkchildren {
     &logthis('Going to check on the children');
     my $docdir=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
     foreach (sort keys %children) {
-	sleep 1;
+	#sleep 1;
         unless (kill 'USR1' => $_) {
 	    &logthis ('Child '.$_.' is dead');
             &logstatus($$.' is dead');
+	    delete($children{$_});
         } 
     }
     sleep 5;
-    $SIG{ALRM} = sub { die "timeout" };
+    $SIG{ALRM} = sub { Debug("timeout"); 
+		       die "timeout";  };
     $SIG{__DIE__} = 'DEFAULT';
     &status("Checking on the children (waiting for reports)");
     foreach (sort keys %children) {
         unless (-e "$docdir/lon-status/londchld/$_.txt") {
-	    eval {
-		alarm(300);
-		&logthis('Child '.$_.' did not respond');
-		kill 9 => $_;
-		#$emailto="$perlvar{'lonAdmEMail'},$perlvar{'lonSysEMail'}";
-		#$subj="LON: $currenthostid killed lond process $_";
-		#my $result=`echo 'Killed lond process $_.' | mailto $emailto -s '$subj' > /dev/null`;
-		#$execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-		#$result=`/bin/cp $execdir/logs/lond.log $execdir/logs/lond.log.$_`;
-		alarm(0);
-	    }
+          eval {
+            alarm(300);
+	    &logthis('Child '.$_.' did not respond');
+	    kill 9 => $_;
+	    #$emailto="$perlvar{'lonAdmEMail'},$perlvar{'lonSysEMail'}";
+	    #$subj="LON: $currenthostid killed lond process $_";
+	    #my $result=`echo 'Killed lond process $_.' | mailto $emailto -s '$subj' > /dev/null`;
+	    #$execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+	    #$result=`/bin/cp $execdir/logs/lond.log $execdir/logs/lond.log.$_`;
+	    delete($children{$_});
+	    alarm(0);
+	  }
         }
     }
     $SIG{ALRM} = 'DEFAULT';
     $SIG{__DIE__} = \&catchexception;
     &status("Finished checking children");
+    &logthis('Finished Checking children');
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------- Logging
@@ -3607,22 +4547,15 @@ sub Debug {
 #     reply   - Text to send to client.
 #     request - Original request from client.
 #
-#  Note: This increments Transactions
-#
 sub Reply {
-    alarm(120);
-    my $fd      = shift;
-    my $reply   = shift;
-    my $request = shift;
-
+    my ($fd, $reply, $request) = @_;
     print $fd $reply;
     Debug("Request was $request  Reply was $reply");
 
     $Transactions++;
-    alarm(0);
+}
 
 
-}
 #
 #    Sub to report a failure.
 #    This function:
@@ -3652,19 +4585,20 @@ sub logstatus {
     &status("Doing logging");
     my $docdir=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
     {
-	my $fh=IO::File->new(">>$docdir/lon-status/londstatus.txt");
-	print $fh $$."\t".$currenthostid."\t".$status."\t".$lastlog."\n";
-	$fh->close();
+	my $fh=IO::File->new(">$docdir/lon-status/londchld/$$.txt");
+        print $fh $status."\n".$lastlog."\n".time."\n$keymode";
+        $fh->close();
     }
-    &status("Finished londstatus.txt");
+    &status("Finished $$.txt");
     {
-	my $fh=IO::File->new(">$docdir/lon-status/londchld/$$.txt");
-	print $fh $status."\n".$lastlog."\n".time;
-	$fh->close();
+	open(LOG,">>$docdir/lon-status/londstatus.txt");
+	flock(LOG,LOCK_EX);
+	print LOG $$."\t".$clientname."\t".$currenthostid."\t"
+	    .$status."\t".$lastlog."\t $keymode\n";
+	flock(LOG,LOCK_UN);
+	close(LOG);
     }
-    ResetStatistics;
     &status("Finished logging");
-   
 }
 
 sub initnewstatus {
@@ -3686,11 +4620,8 @@ sub status {
     my $what=shift;
     my $now=time;
     my $local=localtime($now);
-    my $status = "lond: $what $local ";
-    if($Transactions) {
-	$status .= " Transactions: $Transactions Failed; $Failures";
-    }
-    $0=$status;
+    $status=$local.': '.$what;
+    $0='lond: '.$what.' '.$local;
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------- Escape Special Chars
@@ -3722,11 +4653,12 @@ sub reconlonc {
 	    &logthis("lonc at pid $loncpid responding, sending USR1");
             kill USR1 => $loncpid;
         } else {
-	    &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: "
-		     ."lonc at pid $loncpid not responding, giving up</font>");
+	    &logthis(
+              "<font color='red'>CRITICAL: "
+             ."lonc at pid $loncpid not responding, giving up</font>");
         }
     } else {
-	&logthis('<font color=red>CRITICAL: lonc not running, giving up</font>');
+      &logthis('<font color="red">CRITICAL: lonc not running, giving up</font>');
     }
 }
 
@@ -3738,7 +4670,7 @@ sub subreply {
     my $sclient=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    =>"$peerfile",
                                       Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
                                       Timeout => 10)
-	or return "con_lost";
+       or return "con_lost";
     print $sclient "$cmd\n";
     my $answer=<$sclient>;
     chomp($answer);
@@ -3747,41 +4679,41 @@ sub subreply {
 }
 
 sub reply {
-    my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
-    my $answer;
-    if ($server ne $currenthostid) { 
-	$answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
-	if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
-	    $answer=subreply("ping",$server);
-	    if ($answer ne $server) {
-		&logthis("sub reply: answer != server answer is $answer, server is $server");
-		&reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server");
-	    }
-	    $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
-	}
-    } else {
-	$answer='self_reply';
-    } 
-    return $answer;
+  my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
+  my $answer;
+  if ($server ne $currenthostid) { 
+    $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
+    if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
+	$answer=subreply("ping",$server);
+        if ($answer ne $server) {
+	    &logthis("sub reply: answer != server answer is $answer, server is $server");
+           &reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server");
+        }
+        $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
+    }
+  } else {
+    $answer='self_reply';
+  } 
+  return $answer;
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- Talk to lonsql
 
-sub sqlreply {
+sub sql_reply {
     my ($cmd)=@_;
-    my $answer=subsqlreply($cmd);
-    if ($answer eq 'con_lost') { $answer=subsqlreply($cmd); }
+    my $answer=&sub_sql_reply($cmd);
+    if ($answer eq 'con_lost') { $answer=&sub_sql_reply($cmd); }
     return $answer;
 }
 
-sub subsqlreply {
+sub sub_sql_reply {
     my ($cmd)=@_;
     my $unixsock="mysqlsock";
     my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$unixsock";
     my $sclient=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    =>"$peerfile",
                                       Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
                                       Timeout => 10)
-	or return "con_lost";
+       or return "con_lost";
     print $sclient "$cmd\n";
     my $answer=<$sclient>;
     chomp($answer);
@@ -3793,14 +4725,11 @@ sub subsqlreply {
 
 sub propath {
     my ($udom,$uname)=@_;
-    Debug("Propath:$udom:$uname");
     $udom=~s/\W//g;
     $uname=~s/\W//g;
-    Debug("Propath2:$udom:$uname");
     my $subdir=$uname.'__';
     $subdir =~ s/(.)(.)(.).*/$1\/$2\/$3/;
     my $proname="$perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}/$udom/$subdir/$uname";
-    Debug("Propath returning $proname");
     return $proname;
 } 
 
@@ -3833,7 +4762,7 @@ my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
 open (PIDSAVE,">$execdir/logs/lond.pid");
 print PIDSAVE "$$\n";
 close(PIDSAVE);
-&logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: ---------- Starting ----------</font>");
+&logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: ---------- Starting ----------</font>");
 &status('Starting');
 
 
@@ -3851,6 +4780,7 @@ $SIG{USR2} = \&UpdateHosts;
 
 ReadHostTable;
 
+my $dist=`$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/distprobe`;
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------
 #   Accept connections.  When a connection comes in, it is validated
@@ -3867,6 +4797,7 @@ while (1) {
 
 sub make_new_child {
     my $pid;
+#    my $cipher;     # Now global
     my $sigset;
 
     $client = shift;
@@ -3877,7 +4808,7 @@ sub make_new_child {
     $sigset = POSIX::SigSet->new(SIGINT);
     sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, $sigset)
         or die "Can't block SIGINT for fork: $!\n";
-    
+
     die "fork: $!" unless defined ($pid = fork);
 
     $client->sockopt(SO_KEEPALIVE, 1); # Enable monitoring of
@@ -3888,15 +4819,25 @@ sub make_new_child {
     #  the pid hash.
     #
     my $caller = getpeername($client);
-    my ($port,$iaddr)=unpack_sockaddr_in($caller);
-    $clientip=inet_ntoa($iaddr);
+    my ($port,$iaddr);
+    if (defined($caller) && length($caller) > 0) {
+	($port,$iaddr)=unpack_sockaddr_in($caller);
+    } else {
+	&logthis("Unable to determine who caller was, getpeername returned nothing");
+    }
+    if (defined($iaddr)) {
+	$clientip  = inet_ntoa($iaddr);
+	Debug("Connected with $clientip");
+    } else {
+	&logthis("Unable to determine clientip");
+	$clientip='Unavailable';
+    }
     
     if ($pid) {
         # Parent records the child's birth and returns.
         sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, $sigset)
             or die "Can't unblock SIGINT for fork: $!\n";
         $children{$pid} = $clientip;
-        $children++;
         &status('Started child '.$pid);
         return;
     } else {
@@ -3913,64 +4854,136 @@ sub make_new_child {
         sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, $sigset)
             or die "Can't unblock SIGINT for fork: $!\n";
 
-
-	
+#        my $tmpsnum=0;            # Now global
+#---------------------------------------------------- kerberos 5 initialization
         &Authen::Krb5::init_context();
-        &Authen::Krb5::init_ets();
-	
+	if ($dist ne 'fedora4') {
+	    &Authen::Krb5::init_ets();
+	}
+
 	&status('Accepted connection');
 # =============================================================================
             # do something with the connection
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-	# see if we know client and check for spoof IP by challenge
+	# see if we know client and 'check' for spoof IP by ineffective challenge
 
 	ReadManagerTable;	# May also be a manager!!
 	
-	my $clientrec=($hostid{$clientip}     ne undef);
-	my $ismanager=($managers{$clientip}    ne undef);
+	my $outsideip=$clientip;
+	if ($clientip eq '127.0.0.1') {
+	    $outsideip=$hostip{$perlvar{'lonHostID'}};
+	}
+
+	my $clientrec=($hostid{$outsideip}     ne undef);
+	my $ismanager=($managers{$outsideip}    ne undef);
 	$clientname  = "[unknonwn]";
 	if($clientrec) {	# Establish client type.
 	    $ConnectionType = "client";
-	    $clientname = $hostid{$clientip};
+	    $clientname = $hostid{$outsideip};
 	    if($ismanager) {
 		$ConnectionType = "both";
 	    }
 	} else {
 	    $ConnectionType = "manager";
-	    $clientname = $managers{$clientip};
+	    $clientname = $managers{$outsideip};
 	}
 	my $clientok;
+
 	if ($clientrec || $ismanager) {
 	    &status("Waiting for init from $clientip $clientname");
 	    &logthis('<font color="yellow">INFO: Connection, '.
 		     $clientip.
-		     " ($clientname) connection type = $ConnectionType </font>" );
+		  " ($clientname) connection type = $ConnectionType </font>" );
 	    &status("Connecting $clientip  ($clientname))"); 
 	    my $remotereq=<$client>;
-	    $remotereq=~s/[^\w:]//g;
+	    chomp($remotereq);
+	    Debug("Got init: $remotereq");
+	    my $inikeyword = split(/:/, $remotereq);
 	    if ($remotereq =~ /^init/) {
 		&sethost("sethost:$perlvar{'lonHostID'}");
-		my $challenge="$$".time;
-		print $client "$challenge\n";
-		&status("Waiting for challenge reply from $clientip ($clientname)"); 
-		$remotereq=<$client>;
-		$remotereq=~s/\W//g;
-		if ($challenge eq $remotereq) {
-		    $clientok=1;
-		    print $client "ok\n";
+		#
+		#  If the remote is attempting a local init... give that a try:
+		#
+		my ($i, $inittype) = split(/:/, $remotereq);
+
+		# If the connection type is ssl, but I didn't get my
+		# certificate files yet, then I'll drop  back to 
+		# insecure (if allowed).
+		
+		if($inittype eq "ssl") {
+		    my ($ca, $cert) = lonssl::CertificateFile;
+		    my $kfile       = lonssl::KeyFile;
+		    if((!$ca)   || 
+		       (!$cert) || 
+		       (!$kfile)) {
+			$inittype = ""; # This forces insecure attempt.
+			&logthis("<font color=\"blue\"> Certificates not "
+				 ."installed -- trying insecure auth</font>");
+		    } else {	# SSL certificates are in place so
+		    }		# Leave the inittype alone.
+		}
+
+		if($inittype eq "local") {
+		    my $key = LocalConnection($client, $remotereq);
+		    if($key) {
+			Debug("Got local key $key");
+			$clientok     = 1;
+			my $cipherkey = pack("H32", $key);
+			$cipher       = new IDEA($cipherkey);
+			print $client "ok:local\n";
+			&logthis('<font color="green"'
+				 . "Successful local authentication </font>");
+			$keymode = "local"
+		    } else {
+			Debug("Failed to get local key");
+			$clientok = 0;
+			shutdown($client, 3);
+			close $client;
+		    }
+		} elsif ($inittype eq "ssl") {
+		    my $key = SSLConnection($client);
+		    if ($key) {
+			$clientok = 1;
+			my $cipherkey = pack("H32", $key);
+			$cipher       = new IDEA($cipherkey);
+			&logthis('<font color="green">'
+				 ."Successfull ssl authentication with $clientname </font>");
+			$keymode = "ssl";
+	     
+		    } else {
+			$clientok = 0;
+			close $client;
+		    }
+	   
 		} else {
-		    &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: $clientip did not reply challenge</font>");
-		    &status('No challenge reply '.$clientip);
+		    my $ok = InsecureConnection($client);
+		    if($ok) {
+			$clientok = 1;
+			&logthis('<font color="green">'
+				 ."Successful insecure authentication with $clientname </font>");
+			print $client "ok\n";
+			$keymode = "insecure";
+		    } else {
+			&logthis('<font color="yellow">'
+				  ."Attempted insecure connection disallowed </font>");
+			close $client;
+			$clientok = 0;
+			
+		    }
 		}
 	    } else {
-		&logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: "
+		&logthis(
+			 "<font color='blue'>WARNING: "
 			 ."$clientip failed to initialize: >$remotereq< </font>");
 		&status('No init '.$clientip);
 	    }
+	    
 	} else {
-	    &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: Unknown client $clientip</font>");
+	    &logthis(
+		     "<font color='blue'>WARNING: Unknown client $clientip</font>");
 	    &status('Hung up on '.$clientip);
 	}
+ 
 	if ($clientok) {
 # ---------------- New known client connecting, could mean machine online again
 	    
@@ -3982,31 +4995,31 @@ sub make_new_child {
 		}
 		&reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$id");
 	    }
-	    &logthis("<font color=green>Established connection: $clientname</font>");
+	    &logthis("<font color='green'>Established connection: $clientname</font>");
 	    &status('Will listen to '.$clientname);
-
-	    ResetStatistics();
-
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Process requests
-	    my $KeepGoing = 1;
-	    while ((my $userinput=GetRequest) && $KeepGoing) {
-		$KeepGoing = ProcessRequest($userinput);
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------- complete
-
-		&status('Listening to '.$clientname);
+	    my $keep_going = 1;
+	    my $user_input;
+	    while(($user_input = get_request) && $keep_going) {
+		alarm(120);
+		Debug("Main: Got $user_input\n");
+		$keep_going = &process_request($user_input);
+		alarm(0);
+		&status('Listening to '.$clientname." ($keymode)");	   
 	    }
+
 # --------------------------------------------- client unknown or fishy, refuse
-	} else {
+	}  else {
 	    print $client "refused\n";
 	    $client->close();
-	    &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: "
+	    &logthis("<font color='blue'>WARNING: "
 		     ."Rejected client $clientip, closing connection</font>");
 	}
-    }             
+    }            
     
 # =============================================================================
     
-    &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL: "
+    &logthis("<font color='red'>CRITICAL: "
 	     ."Disconnect from $clientip ($clientname)</font>");    
     
     
@@ -4016,8 +5029,35 @@ sub make_new_child {
     exit;
     
 }
+#
+#   Determine if a user is an author for the indicated domain.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    domain          - domain to check in .
+#    user            - Name of user to check.
+#
+# Return:
+#     1             - User is an author for domain.
+#     0             - User is not an author for domain.
+sub is_author {
+    my ($domain, $user) = @_;
+
+    &Debug("is_author: $user @ $domain");
+
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($domain, $user, "roles",
+				 &GDBM_READER());
+
+    #  Author role should show up as a key /domain/_au
 
+    my $key   = "/$domain/_au";
+    my $value = $hashref->{$key};
+
+    if(defined($value)) {
+	&Debug("$user @ $domain is an author");
+    }
 
+    return defined($value);
+}
 #
 #   Checks to see if the input roleput request was to set
 # an author role.  If so, invokes the lchtmldir script to set
@@ -4029,22 +5069,22 @@ sub make_new_child {
 #    user      - Name of the user for which the role is being put.
 #    authtype  - The authentication type associated with the user.
 #
-sub ManagePermissions {
-    my $request = shift;
-    my $domain  = shift;
-    my $user    = shift;
-    my $authtype= shift;
+sub manage_permissions {
+    my ($request, $domain, $user, $authtype) = @_;
+
+    &Debug("manage_permissions: $request $domain $user $authtype");
 
     # See if the request is of the form /$domain/_au
-    &logthis("ruequest is $request");
-    if($request =~ /^(\/$domain\/_au)$/) { # It's an author rolesput...
+    if($request =~ /^(\/\Q$domain\E\/_au)$/) { # It's an author rolesput...
 	my $execdir = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
 	my $userhome= "/home/$user" ;
 	&logthis("system $execdir/lchtmldir $userhome $user $authtype");
+	&Debug("Setting homedir permissions for $userhome");
 	system("$execdir/lchtmldir $userhome $user $authtype");
     }
 }
 
+
 #
 #  Return the full path of a user password file, whether it exists or not.
 # Parameters:
@@ -4053,14 +5093,9 @@ sub ManagePermissions {
 # Returns:
 #    Full passwd path:
 #
-sub PasswordPath {
-    my $domain = shift;
-    my $user   = shift;
-
-    my $path   = &propath($domain, $user);
-    $path  .= "/passwd";
-
-    return $path;
+sub password_path {
+    my ($domain, $user) = @_;
+    return &propath($domain, $user).'/passwd';
 }
 
 #   Password Filename
@@ -4073,13 +5108,12 @@ sub PasswordPath {
 #   - If the password file exists returns its path.
 #   - If the password file does not exist, returns undefined.
 #
-sub PasswordFilename {
-    my $domain    = shift;
-    my $user      = shift;
+sub password_filename {
+    my ($domain, $user) = @_;
 
     Debug ("PasswordFilename called: dom = $domain user = $user");
 
-    my $path  = PasswordPath($domain, $user);
+    my $path  = &password_path($domain, $user);
     Debug("PasswordFilename got path: $path");
     if(-e $path) {
 	return $path;
@@ -4098,12 +5132,10 @@ sub PasswordFilename {
 #   0    - Failed.
 #   1    - Success.
 #
-sub RewritePwFile {
-    my $domain   = shift;
-    my $user     = shift;
-    my $contents = shift;
+sub rewrite_password_file {
+    my ($domain, $user, $contents) = @_;
 
-    my $file = PasswordFilename($domain, $user);
+    my $file = &password_filename($domain, $user);
     if (defined $file) {
 	my $pf = IO::File->new(">$file");
 	if($pf) {
@@ -4117,23 +5149,28 @@ sub RewritePwFile {
     }
 
 }
+
 #
-#   GetAuthType - Determines the authorization type of a user in a domain.
+#   get_auth_type - Determines the authorization type of a user in a domain.
 
 #     Returns the authorization type or nouser if there is no such user.
 #
-sub GetAuthType {
-    my $domain = shift;
-    my $user   = shift;
-
-    Debug("GetAuthType( $domain, $user ) \n");
-    my $passwdfile = PasswordFilename($domain, $user);
-    if( defined $passwdfile ) {
+sub get_auth_type 
+{
+
+    my ($domain, $user)  = @_;
+
+    Debug("get_auth_type( $domain, $user ) \n");
+    my $proname    = &propath($domain, $user); 
+    my $passwdfile = "$proname/passwd";
+    if( -e $passwdfile ) {
 	my $pf = IO::File->new($passwdfile);
 	my $realpassword = <$pf>;
 	chomp($realpassword);
 	Debug("Password info = $realpassword\n");
-	return $realpassword;
+	my ($authtype, $contentpwd) = split(/:/, $realpassword);
+	Debug("Authtype = $authtype, content = $contentpwd\n");
+	return "$authtype:$contentpwd";     
     } else {
 	Debug("Returning nouser");
 	return "nouser";
@@ -4155,10 +5192,9 @@ sub GetAuthType {
 #                user.
 #     0        - The domain,user,password triplet is not a valid user.
 #
-sub ValidateUser {
-    my $domain  = shift;
-    my $user    = shift;
-    my $password= shift;
+sub validate_user {
+    my ($domain, $user, $password) = @_;
+
 
     # Why negative ~pi you may well ask?  Well this function is about
     # authentication, and therefore very important to get right.
@@ -4167,7 +5203,8 @@ sub ValidateUser {
     # At the end of this function. I'll ensure that it's not still that
     # value so we don't just wind up returning some accidental value
     # as a result of executing an unforseen code path that
-    # did not set $validated.
+    # did not set $validated.  At the end of valid execution paths,
+    # validated shoule be 1 for success or 0 for failuer.
 
     my $validated = -3.14159;
 
@@ -4175,7 +5212,7 @@ sub ValidateUser {
     #  the user has been assigned.  If the authentication type is
     #  "nouser", the user does not exist so we will return 0.
 
-    my $contents = GetAuthType($domain, $user);
+    my $contents = &get_auth_type($domain, $user);
     my ($howpwd, $contentpwd) = split(/:/, $contents);
 
     my $null = pack("C",0);	# Used by kerberos auth types.
@@ -4215,18 +5252,15 @@ sub ValidateUser {
 							   $password);
 		if(!$k4error) {
 		    $validated = 1;
-		}
-		else {
+		} else {
 		    $validated = 0;
 		    &logthis('krb4: '.$user.', '.$contentpwd.', '.
 			     &Authen::Krb4::get_err_txt($Authen::Krb4::error));
 		}
-	    }
-	    else {
+	    } else {
 		$validated = 0; # Password has a match with null.
 	    }
-	}
-	elsif ($howpwd eq "krb5") { # User is in kerberos 5 auth. domain.
+	} elsif ($howpwd eq "krb5") { # User is in kerberos 5 auth. domain.
 	    if(!($password =~ /$null/)) { # Null password not allowed.
 		my $krbclient = &Authen::Krb5::parse_name($user.'@'
 							  .$contentpwd);
@@ -4234,23 +5268,20 @@ sub ValidateUser {
 		my $krbserver  = &Authen::Krb5::parse_name($krbservice);
 		my $credentials= &Authen::Krb5::cc_default();
 		$credentials->initialize($krbclient);
-		my $krbreturn  = &Authen::KRb5::get_in_tkt_with_password($krbclient,
+		my $krbreturn  = &Authen::Krb5::get_in_tkt_with_password($krbclient,
 									 $krbserver,
 									 $password,
 									 $credentials);
 		$validated = ($krbreturn == 1);
-	    }
-	    else {
+	    } else {
 		$validated = 0;
 	    }
-	}
-	elsif ($howpwd eq "localauth") { 
+	} elsif ($howpwd eq "localauth") { 
 	    #  Authenticate via installation specific authentcation method:
 	    $validated = &localauth::localauth($user, 
 					       $password, 
 					       $contentpwd);
-	}
-	else {			# Unrecognized auth is also bad.
+	} else {			# Unrecognized auth is also bad.
 	    $validated = 0;
 	}
     } else {
@@ -4261,14 +5292,16 @@ sub ValidateUser {
     #
 
     unless ($validated != -3.14159) {
-	die "ValidateUser - failed to set the value of validated";
+	#  I >really really< want to know if this happens.
+	#  since it indicates that user authentication is badly
+	#  broken in some code path.
+        #
+	die "ValidateUser - failed to set the value of validated $domain, $user $password";
     }
     return $validated;
 }
 
-#
-#    Add a line to the subscription list?
-#
+
 sub addline {
     my ($fname,$hostid,$ip,$newline)=@_;
     my $contents;
@@ -4288,10 +5321,8 @@ sub addline {
     $sh->close();
     return $found;
 }
-#
-#    Get chat messages.
-#
-sub getchat {
+
+sub get_chat {
     my ($cdom,$cname,$udom,$uname)=@_;
     my %hash;
     my $proname=&propath($cdom,$cname);
@@ -4315,10 +5346,8 @@ sub getchat {
     }
     return (@participants,@entries);
 }
-#
-#   Add a chat message
-#
-sub chatadd {
+
+sub chat_add {
     my ($cdom,$cname,$newchat)=@_;
     my %hash;
     my $proname=&propath($cdom,$cname);
@@ -4357,17 +5386,36 @@ sub chatadd {
 sub unsub {
     my ($fname,$clientip)=@_;
     my $result;
+    my $unsubs = 0;		# Number of successful unsubscribes:
+
+
+    # An old way subscriptions were handled was to have a 
+    # subscription marker file:
+
+    Debug("Attempting unlink of $fname.$clientname");
     if (unlink("$fname.$clientname")) {
-	$result="ok\n";
-    } else {
-	$result="not_subscribed\n";
-    }
+	$unsubs++;		# Successful unsub via marker file.
+    } 
+
+    # The more modern way to do it is to have a subscription list
+    # file:
+
     if (-e "$fname.subscription") {
 	my $found=&addline($fname,$clientname,$clientip,'');
-	if ($found) { $result="ok\n"; }
+	if ($found) { 
+	    $unsubs++;
+	}
+    } 
+
+    #  If either or both of these mechanisms succeeded in unsubscribing a 
+    #  resource we can return ok:
+
+    if($unsubs) {
+	$result = "ok\n";
     } else {
-	if ($result != "ok\n") { $result="not_subscribed\n"; }
+	$result = "not_subscribed\n";
     }
+
     return $result;
 }
 
@@ -4376,7 +5424,7 @@ sub currentversion {
     my $version=-1;
     my $ulsdir='';
     if ($fname=~/^(.+)\/[^\/]+$/) {
-	$ulsdir=$1;
+       $ulsdir=$1;
     }
     my ($fnamere1,$fnamere2);
     # remove version if already specified
@@ -4433,8 +5481,8 @@ sub subscribe {
                     symlink($root.'.'.$extension,
                             $root.'.'.$currentversion.'.'.$extension);
                     unless ($extension=~/\.meta$/) {
-			symlink($root.'.'.$extension.'.meta',
-				$root.'.'.$currentversion.'.'.$extension.'.meta');
+                       symlink($root.'.'.$extension.'.meta',
+                            $root.'.'.$currentversion.'.'.$extension.'.meta');
 		    }
                 }
             }
@@ -4464,6 +5512,35 @@ sub subscribe {
     }
     return $result;
 }
+#  Change the passwd of a unix user.  The caller must have
+#  first verified that the user is a loncapa user.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    user      - Unix user name to change.
+#    pass      - New password for the user.
+# Returns:
+#    ok    - if success
+#    other - Some meaningfule error message string.
+# NOTE:
+#    invokes a setuid script to change the passwd.
+sub change_unix_password {
+    my ($user, $pass) = @_;
+
+    &Debug("change_unix_password");
+    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+    &Debug("Opening lcpasswd pipeline");
+    my $pf = IO::File->new("|$execdir/lcpasswd > "
+			   ."$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}"
+			   ."/logs/lcpasswd.log");
+    print $pf "$user\n$pass\n$pass\n";
+    close $pf;
+    my $err = $?;
+    return ($err < @passwderrors) ? $passwderrors[$err] : 
+	"pwchange_falure - unknown error";
+
+    
+}
+
 
 sub make_passwd_file {
     my ($uname, $umode,$npass,$passfilename)=@_;
@@ -4471,7 +5548,11 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
     if ($umode eq 'krb4' or $umode eq 'krb5') {
 	{
 	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "$umode:$npass\n";
+	    if ($pf) {
+		print $pf "$umode:$npass\n";
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'internal') {
 	my $salt=time;
@@ -4480,44 +5561,79 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
 	{
 	    &Debug("Creating internal auth");
 	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "internal:$ncpass\n"; 
+	    if($pf) {
+		print $pf "internal:$ncpass\n"; 
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'localauth') {
 	{
 	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "localauth:$npass\n";
+	    if($pf) {
+		print $pf "localauth:$npass\n";
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'unix') {
-	#
-	#  Don't allow the creation of privileged accounts!!! that would
-	#  be real bad!!!
-	#
-	my $uid = getpwnam($uname);
-	if((defined $uid) && ($uid == 0)) {
-	    return "no_priv_account_error\n";
-	}
+	{
+	    #
+	    #  Don't allow the creation of privileged accounts!!! that would
+	    #  be real bad!!!
+	    #
+	    my $uid = getpwnam($uname);
+	    if((defined $uid) && ($uid == 0)) {
+		&logthis(">>>Attempted to create privilged account blocked");
+		return "no_priv_account_error\n";
+	    }
 
-	#
-	my $execpath="$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/"."lcuseradd";
-	
-	&Debug("Executing external: ".$execpath);
-	&Debug("user  = ".$uname.", Password =". $npass);
-	my $se = IO::File->new("|$execpath > $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/logs/lcuseradd.log");
-	print $se "$uname\n";
-	print $se "$npass\n";
-	print $se "$npass\n";
+	    my $execpath       ="$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/"."lcuseradd";
+
+	    my $lc_error_file  = $execdir."/tmp/lcuseradd".$$.".status";
+	    {
+		&Debug("Executing external: ".$execpath);
+		&Debug("user  = ".$uname.", Password =". $npass);
+		my $se = IO::File->new("|$execpath > $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/logs/lcuseradd.log");
+		print $se "$uname\n";
+		print $se "$npass\n";
+		print $se "$npass\n";
+		print $se "$lc_error_file\n"; # Status -> unique file.
+	    }
+	    if (-r $lc_error_file) {
+		&Debug("Opening error file: $lc_error_file");
+		my $error = IO::File->new("< $lc_error_file");
+		my $useraddok = <$error>;
+		$error->close;
+		unlink($lc_error_file);
+		
+		chomp $useraddok;
 	
-	my $useraddok = $?;
-	if($useraddok > 0) {
-	    &logthis("Failed lcuseradd: ".&lcuseraddstrerror($useraddok));
+		if($useraddok > 0) {
+		    my $error_text = &lcuseraddstrerror($useraddok);
+		    &logthis("Failed lcuseradd: $error_text");
+		    $result = "lcuseradd_failed:$error_text\n";
+		}  else {
+		    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
+		    if($pf) {
+			print $pf "unix:\n";
+		    } else {
+			$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+		    }
+		}
+	    }  else {
+		&Debug("Could not locate lcuseradd error: $lc_error_file");
+		$result="bug_lcuseradd_no_output_file";
+	    }
 	}
-	my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	print $pf "unix:\n";
- 
     } elsif ($umode eq 'none') {
 	{
-	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "none:\n";
+	    my $pf = IO::File->new("> $passfilename");
+	    if($pf) {
+		print $pf "none:\n";
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } else {
 	$result="auth_mode_error\n";
@@ -4525,12 +5641,17 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
     return $result;
 }
 
+sub convert_photo {
+    my ($start,$dest)=@_;
+    system("convert $start $dest");
+}
+
 sub sethost {
     my ($remotereq) = @_;
     my (undef,$hostid)=split(/:/,$remotereq);
     if (!defined($hostid)) { $hostid=$perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
     if ($hostip{$perlvar{'lonHostID'}} eq $hostip{$hostid}) {
-	$currenthostid=$hostid;
+	$currenthostid  =$hostid;
 	$currentdomainid=$hostdom{$hostid};
 	&logthis("Setting hostid to $hostid, and domain to $currentdomainid");
     } else {
@@ -4546,10 +5667,8 @@ sub version {
     $remoteVERSION=(split(/:/,$userinput))[1];
     return "version:$VERSION";
 }
-############## >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> FUTUREWORK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+
 #There is a copy of this in lonnet.pm
-#   Can we hoist these lil' things out into common places?
-#
 sub userload {
     my $numusers=0;
     {
@@ -4572,6 +5691,74 @@ sub userload {
     return $userloadpercent;
 }
 
+# Routines for serializing arrays and hashes (copies from lonnet)
+
+sub array2str {
+  my (@array) = @_;
+  my $result=&arrayref2str(\@array);
+  $result=~s/^__ARRAY_REF__//;
+  $result=~s/__END_ARRAY_REF__$//;
+  return $result;
+}
+                                                                                 
+sub arrayref2str {
+  my ($arrayref) = @_;
+  my $result='__ARRAY_REF__';
+  foreach my $elem (@$arrayref) {
+    if(ref($elem) eq 'ARRAY') {
+      $result.=&arrayref2str($elem).'&';
+    } elsif(ref($elem) eq 'HASH') {
+      $result.=&hashref2str($elem).'&';
+    } elsif(ref($elem)) {
+      #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($elem))." skipping.");
+    } else {
+      $result.=&escape($elem).'&';
+    }
+  }
+  $result=~s/\&$//;
+  $result .= '__END_ARRAY_REF__';
+  return $result;
+}
+                                                                                 
+sub hash2str {
+  my (%hash) = @_;
+  my $result=&hashref2str(\%hash);
+  $result=~s/^__HASH_REF__//;
+  $result=~s/__END_HASH_REF__$//;
+  return $result;
+}
+                                                                                 
+sub hashref2str {
+  my ($hashref)=@_;
+  my $result='__HASH_REF__';
+  foreach (sort(keys(%$hashref))) {
+    if (ref($_) eq 'ARRAY') {
+      $result.=&arrayref2str($_).'=';
+    } elsif (ref($_) eq 'HASH') {
+      $result.=&hashref2str($_).'=';
+    } elsif (ref($_)) {
+      $result.='=';
+      #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($_))." skipping.");
+    } else {
+        if ($_) {$result.=&escape($_).'=';} else { last; }
+    }
+
+    if(ref($hashref->{$_}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+      $result.=&arrayref2str($hashref->{$_}).'&';
+    } elsif(ref($hashref->{$_}) eq 'HASH') {
+      $result.=&hashref2str($hashref->{$_}).'&';
+    } elsif(ref($hashref->{$_})) {
+       $result.='&';
+      #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($hashref->{$_}))." skipping.");
+    } else {
+      $result.=&escape($hashref->{$_}).'&';
+    }
+  }
+  $result=~s/\&$//;
+  $result .= '__END_HASH_REF__';
+  return $result;
+}
+
 # ----------------------------------- POD (plain old documentation, CPAN style)
 
 =head1 NAME
@@ -4779,7 +5966,7 @@ Place in B<logs/lond.log>
 
 stores hash in namespace
 
-=item rolesput
+=item rolesputy
 
 put a role into a user's environment