--- loncom/lond	2004/08/27 18:34:31	1.243
+++ loncom/lond	2007/01/19 03:09:07	1.358
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network
 # lond "LON Daemon" Server (port "LOND" 5663)
 #
-# $Id: lond,v 1.243 2004/08/27 18:34:31 banghart Exp $
+# $Id: lond,v 1.358 2007/01/19 03:09:07 albertel Exp $
 #
 # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
 #
@@ -31,22 +31,24 @@
 
 use strict;
 use lib '/home/httpd/lib/perl/';
+use LONCAPA;
 use LONCAPA::Configuration;
 
 use IO::Socket;
 use IO::File;
 #use Apache::File;
-use Symbol;
 use POSIX;
 use Crypt::IDEA;
 use LWP::UserAgent();
+use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex);
 use GDBM_File;
 use Authen::Krb4;
 use Authen::Krb5;
-use lib '/home/httpd/lib/perl/';
 use localauth;
 use localenroll;
+use localstudentphoto;
 use File::Copy;
+use File::Find;
 use LONCAPA::ConfigFileEdit;
 use LONCAPA::lonlocal;
 use LONCAPA::lonssl;
@@ -57,14 +59,13 @@ my $DEBUG = 0;		       # Non zero to ena
 my $status='';
 my $lastlog='';
 
-my $VERSION='$Revision: 1.243 $'; #' stupid emacs
+my $VERSION='$Revision: 1.358 $'; #' stupid emacs
 my $remoteVERSION;
 my $currenthostid="default";
 my $currentdomainid;
 
 my $client;
 my $clientip;			# IP address of client.
-my $clientdns;			# DNS name of client.
 my $clientname;			# LonCAPA name of client.
 
 my $server;
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ my $ConnectionType;
 
 my %hostid;			# ID's for hosts in cluster by ip.
 my %hostdom;			# LonCAPA domain for hosts in cluster.
+my %hostname;			# DNSname -> ID's mapping.
 my %hostip;			# IPs for hosts in cluster.
 my %hostdns;			# ID's of hosts looked up by DNS name.
 
@@ -112,20 +114,20 @@ my %Dispatcher;
 #
 my $lastpwderror    = 13;		# Largest error number from lcpasswd.
 my @passwderrors = ("ok",
-		   "lcpasswd must be run as user 'www'",
-		   "lcpasswd got incorrect number of arguments",
-		   "lcpasswd did not get the right nubmer of input text lines",
-		   "lcpasswd too many simultaneous pwd changes in progress",
-		   "lcpasswd User does not exist.",
-		   "lcpasswd Incorrect current passwd",
-		   "lcpasswd Unable to su to root.",
-		   "lcpasswd Cannot set new passwd.",
-		   "lcpasswd Username has invalid characters",
-		   "lcpasswd Invalid characters in password",
-		   "lcpasswd User already exists", 
-                   "lcpasswd Something went wrong with user addition.",
-		    "lcpasswd Password mismatch",
-		    "lcpasswd Error filename is invalid");
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd must be run as user 'www'",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd got incorrect number of arguments",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd did not get the right nubmer of input text lines",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd too many simultaneous pwd changes in progress",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd User does not exist.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Incorrect current passwd",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Unable to su to root.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Cannot set new passwd.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Username has invalid characters",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Invalid characters in password",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd User already exists", 
+                   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Something went wrong with user addition.",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Password mismatch",
+		   "pwchange_failure - lcpasswd Error filename is invalid");
 
 
 #  The array below are lcuseradd error strings.:
@@ -177,7 +179,6 @@ sub ResetStatistics {
 #   $initcmd     - The full text of the init command.
 #
 # Implicit inputs:
-#    $clientdns  - The DNS name of the remote client.
 #    $thisserver - Our DNS name.
 #
 # Returns:
@@ -186,10 +187,10 @@ sub ResetStatistics {
 #
 sub LocalConnection {
     my ($Socket, $initcmd) = @_;
-    Debug("Attempting local connection: $initcmd client: $clientdns me: $thisserver");
-    if($clientdns ne $thisserver) {
+    Debug("Attempting local connection: $initcmd client: $clientip me: $thisserver");
+    if($clientip ne "127.0.0.1") {
 	&logthis('<font color="red"> LocalConnection rejecting non local: '
-		 ."$clientdns ne $thisserver </font>");
+		 ."$clientip ne $thisserver </font>");
 	close $Socket;
 	return undef;
     }  else {
@@ -331,8 +332,43 @@ sub InsecureConnection {
     
 
 }
-
 #
+#   Safely execute a command (as long as it's not a shel command and doesn
+#   not require/rely on shell escapes.   The function operates by doing a
+#   a pipe based fork and capturing stdout and stderr  from the pipe.
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#     $line                    - A line of text to be executed as a command.
+# Returns:
+#     The output from that command.  If the output is multiline the caller
+#     must know how to split up the output.
+#
+#
+sub execute_command {
+    my ($line)    = @_;
+    my @words     = split(/\s/, $line);	# Bust the command up into words.
+    my $output    = "";
+
+    my $pid = open(CHILD, "-|");
+    
+    if($pid) {			# Parent process
+	Debug("In parent process for execute_command");
+	my @data = <CHILD>;	# Read the child's outupt...
+	close CHILD;
+	foreach my $output_line (@data) {
+	    Debug("Adding $output_line");
+	    $output .= $output_line; # Presumably has a \n on it.
+	}
+
+    } else {			# Child process
+	close (STDERR);
+	open  (STDERR, ">&STDOUT");# Combine stderr, and stdout...
+	exec(@words);		# won't return.
+    }
+    return $output;
+}
+
+
 #   GetCertificate: Given a transaction that requires a certificate,
 #   this function will extract the certificate from the transaction
 #   request.  Note that at this point, the only concept of a certificate
@@ -438,39 +474,11 @@ sub CopyFile {
 
     my ($oldfile, $newfile) = @_;
 
-    #  The file must exist:
-
-    if(-e $oldfile) {
-
-	 # Read the old file.
-
-	my $oldfh = IO::File->new("< $oldfile");
-	if(!$oldfh) {
-	    return 0;
-	}
-	my @contents = <$oldfh>;  # Suck in the entire file.
-
-	# write the backup file:
-
-	my $newfh = IO::File->new("> $newfile");
-	if(!(defined $newfh)){
-	    return 0;
-	}
-	my $lines = scalar @contents;
-	for (my $i =0; $i < $lines; $i++) {
-	    print $newfh ($contents[$i]);
-	}
-
-	$oldfh->close;
-	$newfh->close;
-
-	chmod(0660, $newfile);
-
-	return 1;
-	    
-    } else {
-	return 0;
+    if (! copy($oldfile,$newfile)) {
+        return 0;
     }
+    chmod(0660, $newfile);
+    return 1;
 }
 #
 #  Host files are passed out with externally visible host IPs.
@@ -495,30 +503,30 @@ sub AdjustHostContents {
     my $adjusted;
     my $me        = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
 
- foreach my $line (split(/\n/,$contents)) {
+    foreach my $line (split(/\n/,$contents)) {
 	if(!(($line eq "") || ($line =~ /^ *\#/) || ($line =~ /^ *$/))) {
 	    chomp($line);
 	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon)=split(/:/,$line);
 	    if ($id eq $me) {
-          my $ip = gethostbyname($name);
-          my $ipnew = inet_ntoa($ip);
-         $ip = $ipnew;
+		my $ip = gethostbyname($name);
+		my $ipnew = inet_ntoa($ip);
+		$ip = $ipnew;
 		#  Reconstruct the host line and append to adjusted:
 		
-		   my $newline = "$id:$domain:$role:$name:$ip";
-		   if($maxcon ne "") { # Not all hosts have loncnew tuning params
-		     $newline .= ":$maxcon:$idleto:$mincon";
-		   }
-		   $adjusted .= $newline."\n";
+		my $newline = "$id:$domain:$role:$name:$ip";
+		if($maxcon ne "") { # Not all hosts have loncnew tuning params
+		    $newline .= ":$maxcon:$idleto:$mincon";
+		}
+		$adjusted .= $newline."\n";
 		
-      } else {		# Not me, pass unmodified.
-		   $adjusted .= $line."\n";
-      }
+	    } else {		# Not me, pass unmodified.
+		$adjusted .= $line."\n";
+	    }
 	} else {                  # Blank or comment never re-written.
 	    $adjusted .= $line."\n";	# Pass blanks and comments as is.
 	}
- }
- return $adjusted;
+    }
+    return $adjusted;
 }
 #
 #   InstallFile: Called to install an administrative file:
@@ -827,16 +835,14 @@ sub AdjustOurHost {
     #   Use the config line to get my hostname.
     #   Use gethostbyname to translate that into an IP address.
     #
-    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon) = split(/:/,$ConfigLine);
-    my $BinaryIp = gethostbyname($name);
-    my $ip       = inet_ntoa($ip);
+    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon) = split(/:/,$ConfigLine);
     #
     #  Reassemble the config line from the elements in the list.
     #  Note that if the loncnew items were not present before, they will
     #  be now even if they would be empty
     #
     my $newConfigLine = $id;
-    foreach my $item ($domain, $role, $name, $ip, $maxcon, $idleto, $mincon) {
+    foreach my $item ($domain, $role, $name, $maxcon, $idleto, $mincon) {
 	$newConfigLine .= ":".$item;
     }
     #  Replace the line:
@@ -882,11 +888,11 @@ sub EditFile {
 
     #  Split the command into it's pieces:  edit:filetype:script
 
-    my ($request, $filetype, $script) = split(/:/, $request,3);	# : in script
+    my ($cmd, $filetype, $script) = split(/:/, $request,3);	# : in script
 
     #  Check the pre-coditions for success:
 
-    if($request != "edit") {	# Something is amiss afoot alack.
+    if($cmd != "edit") {	# Something is amiss afoot alack.
 	return "error:edit request detected, but request != 'edit'\n";
     }
     if( ($filetype ne "hosts")  &&
@@ -931,105 +937,50 @@ sub EditFile {
     return "ok\n";
 }
 
-#---------------------------------------------------------------
+#   read_profile
 #
-# Manipulation of hash based databases (factoring out common code
-# for later use as we refactor.
+#   Returns a set of specific entries from a user's profile file.
+#   this is a utility function that is used by both get_profile_entry and
+#   get_profile_entry_encrypted.
 #
-#  Ties a domain level resource file to a hash.
-#  If requested a history entry is created in the associated hist file.
-#
-#  Parameters:
-#     domain    - Name of the domain in which the resource file lives.
-#     namespace - Name of the hash within that domain.
-#     how       - How to tie the hash (e.g. GDBM_WRCREAT()).
-#     loghead   - Optional parameter, if present a log entry is created
-#                 in the associated history file and this is the first part
-#                  of that entry.
-#     logtail   - Goes along with loghead,  The actual logentry is of the
-#                 form $loghead:<timestamp>:logtail.
-# Returns:
-#    Reference to a hash bound to the db file or alternatively undef
-#    if the tie failed.
-#
-sub tie_domain_hash {
-    my ($domain,$namespace,$how,$loghead,$logtail) = @_;
-    
-    # Filter out any whitespace in the domain name:
-    
-    $domain =~ s/\W//g;
-    
-    # We have enough to go on to tie the hash:
-    
-    my $user_top_dir   = $perlvar{'lonUsersDir'};
-    my $domain_dir     = $user_top_dir."/$domain";
-    my $resource_file  = $domain_dir."/$namespace.db";
-    my %hash;
-    if(tie(%hash, 'GDBM_File', $resource_file, $how, 0640)) {
-	if (defined($loghead)) {	# Need to log the operation.
-	    my $logFh = IO::File->new(">>$domain_dir/$namespace.hist");
-	    if($logFh) {
-		my $timestamp = time;
-		print $logFh "$loghead:$timestamp:$logtail\n";
-	    }
-	    $logFh->close;
-	}
-	return \%hash;		# Return the tied hash.
-    } else {
-	return undef;		# Tie failed.
-    }
-}
-
-#
-#   Ties a user's resource file to a hash.  
-#   If necessary, an appropriate history
-#   log file entry is made as well.
-#   This sub factors out common code from the subs that manipulate
-#   the various gdbm files that keep keyword value pairs.
 # Parameters:
-#   domain       - Name of the domain the user is in.
-#   user         - Name of the 'current user'.
-#   namespace    - Namespace representing the file to tie.
-#   how          - What the tie is done to (e.g. GDBM_WRCREAT().
-#   loghead      - Optional first part of log entry if there may be a
-#                  history file.
-#   what         - Optional tail of log entry if there may be a history
-#                  file.
+#    udom       - Domain in which the user exists.
+#    uname      - User's account name (loncapa account)
+#    namespace  - The profile namespace to open.
+#    what       - A set of & separated queries.
 # Returns:
-#   hash to which the database is tied.  It's up to the caller to untie.
-#   undef if the has could not be tied.
+#    If all ok: - The string that needs to be shipped back to the user.
+#    If failure - A string that starts with error: followed by the failure
+#                 reason.. note that this probabyl gets shipped back to the
+#                 user as well.
 #
-sub tie_user_hash {
-    my ($domain,$user,$namespace,$how,$loghead,$what) = @_;
-
-    $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;	# / -> _
-    $namespace=~s/\W//g;		# whitespace eliminated.
-    my $proname     = propath($domain, $user);
-   
-    #  Tie the database.
+sub read_profile {
+    my ($udom, $uname, $namespace, $what) = @_;
     
-    my %hash;
-    if(tie(%hash, 'GDBM_File', "$proname/$namespace.db",
-	   $how, 0640)) {
-	# If this is a namespace for which a history is kept,
-	# make the history log entry:    
-	if (($namespace =~/^nohist\_/) && (defined($loghead))) {
-	    my $args = scalar @_;
-	    Debug(" Opening history: $namespace $args");
-	    my $hfh = IO::File->new(">>$proname/$namespace.hist"); 
-	    if($hfh) {
-		my $now = time;
-		print $hfh "$loghead:$now:$what\n";
-	    }
-	    $hfh->close;
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
+        my $qresult='';
+	
+	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
+	    $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";    # Presumably failure gives empty string.
+	}
+	$qresult=~s/\&$//;              # Remove trailing & from last lookup.
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	    return $qresult;
+	} else {
+	    return "error: ".($!+0)." untie (GDBM) Failed";
 	}
-	return \%hash;
     } else {
-	return undef;
+	if ($!+0 == 2) {
+	    return "error:No such file or GDBM reported bad block error";
+	} else {
+	    return "error: ".($!+0)." tie (GDBM) Failed";
+	}
     }
-    
-}
 
+}
 #--------------------- Request Handlers --------------------------------------------
 #
 #   By convention each request handler registers itself prior to the sub 
@@ -1051,7 +1002,6 @@ sub tie_user_hash {
 #      0       - Program should exit.
 #  Side effects:
 #      Reply information is sent to the client.
-
 sub ping_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
     Debug("$cmd $tail $client .. $currenthostid:");
@@ -1079,7 +1029,6 @@ sub ping_handler {
 #      0       - Program should exit.
 #  Side effects:
 #      Reply information is sent to the client.
-
 sub pong_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
 
@@ -1134,7 +1083,6 @@ sub establish_key_handler {
 }
 &register_handler("ekey", \&establish_key_handler, 0, 1,1);
 
-
 #     Handler for the load command.  Returns the current system load average
 #     to the requestor.
 #
@@ -1169,7 +1117,7 @@ sub load_handler {
    
     return 1;
 }
-register_handler("load", \&load_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("load", \&load_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Process the userload request.  This sub returns to the client the current
@@ -1199,7 +1147,7 @@ sub user_load_handler {
     
     return 1;
 }
-register_handler("userload", \&user_load_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("userload", \&user_load_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #   Process a request for the authorization type of a user:
 #   (userauth).
@@ -1235,8 +1183,10 @@ sub user_authorization_type {
 	my ($type,$otherinfo) = split(/:/,$result);
 	if($type =~ /^krb/) {
 	    $type = $result;
-	}
-	&Reply( $replyfd, "$type:\n", $userinput);
+	} else {
+            $type .= ':';
+        }
+	&Reply( $replyfd, "$type\n", $userinput);
     }
   
     return 1;
@@ -1256,7 +1206,6 @@ sub user_authorization_type {
 #      0       - Program should exit
 # Implicit Output:
 #    a reply is written to the client.
-
 sub push_file_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
@@ -1301,18 +1250,40 @@ sub push_file_handler {
 #
 sub du_handler {
     my ($cmd, $ududir, $client) = @_;
+    ($ududir) = split(/:/,$ududir); # Make 'telnet' testing easier.
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$ududir";
-    my $obs;
-    my $rights;
-    my $uduout='';
-    my $udufn;
-    print $client "from lond not yet\n";
+
+    if ($ududir=~/\.\./ || $ududir!~m|^/home/httpd/|) {
+	&Failure($client,"refused\n","$cmd:$ududir");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    #  Since $ududir could have some nasties in it,
+    #  we will require that ududir is a valid
+    #  directory.  Just in case someone tries to
+    #  slip us a  line like .;(cd /home/httpd rm -rf*)
+    #  etc.
+    #
+    if (-d $ududir) {
+	my $total_size=0;
+	my $code=sub { 
+	    if ($_=~/\.\d+\./) { return;} 
+	    if ($_=~/\.meta$/) { return;}
+	    $total_size+=(stat($_))[7];
+	};
+	chdir($ududir);
+	find($code,$ududir);
+	$total_size=int($total_size/1024);
+	&Reply($client,"$total_size\n","$cmd:$ududir");
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "bad_directory:$ududir\n","$cmd:$ududir"); 
+    }
     return 1;
 }
 &register_handler("du", \&du_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
-
-
+#
+# The ls_handler routine should be considered obosolete and is retained
+# for communication with legacy servers.  Please see the ls2_handler.
 #
 #   ls  - list the contents of a directory.  For each file in the
 #    selected directory the filename followed by the full output of
@@ -1330,6 +1301,7 @@ sub du_handler {
 #   The reply is written to  $client.
 #
 sub ls_handler {
+    # obsoleted by ls2_handler
     my ($cmd, $ulsdir, $client) = @_;
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$ulsdir";
@@ -1342,14 +1314,15 @@ sub ls_handler {
 	if(-d $ulsdir) {
 	    if (opendir(LSDIR,$ulsdir)) {
 		while ($ulsfn=readdir(LSDIR)) {
-		    undef $obs, $rights; 
+		    undef($obs);
+		    undef($rights); 
 		    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn);
 		    #We do some obsolete checking here
 		    if(-e $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta") { 
 			open(FILE, $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta");
 			my @obsolete=<FILE>;
 			foreach my $obsolete (@obsolete) {
-			    if($obsolete =~ m|(<obsolete>)(on)|) { $obs = 1; } 
+			    if($obsolete =~ m/(<obsolete>)(on|1)/) { $obs = 1; } 
 			    if($obsolete =~ m|(<copyright>)(default)|) { $rights = 1; }
 			}
 		    }
@@ -1369,15 +1342,79 @@ sub ls_handler {
 	$ulsout='no_such_dir';
     }
     if ($ulsout eq '') { $ulsout='empty'; }
-    print $client "$ulsout\n";
+    &Reply($client, "$ulsout\n", $userinput); # This supports debug logging.
     
     return 1;
 
 }
 &register_handler("ls", \&ls_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
+#
+# Please also see the ls_handler, which this routine obosolets.
+# ls2_handler differs from ls_handler in that it escapes its return 
+# values before concatenating them together with ':'s.
+#
+#   ls2  - list the contents of a directory.  For each file in the
+#    selected directory the filename followed by the full output of
+#    the stat function is returned.  The returned info for each
+#    file are separated by ':'.  The stat fields are separated by &'s.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - The command that dispatched us (ls).
+#    $ulsdir     - The directory path to list... I'm not sure what this
+#                  is relative as things like ls:. return e.g.
+#                  no_such_dir.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#     1 - indicating that the daemon should not disconnect.
+# Side Effects:
+#   The reply is written to  $client.
+#
+sub ls2_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $ulsdir, $client) = @_;
 
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$ulsdir";
 
+    my $obs;
+    my $rights;
+    my $ulsout='';
+    my $ulsfn;
+    if (-e $ulsdir) {
+        if(-d $ulsdir) {
+            if (opendir(LSDIR,$ulsdir)) {
+                while ($ulsfn=readdir(LSDIR)) {
+                    undef($obs);
+		    undef($rights); 
+                    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn);
+                    #We do some obsolete checking here
+                    if(-e $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta") { 
+                        open(FILE, $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta");
+                        my @obsolete=<FILE>;
+                        foreach my $obsolete (@obsolete) {
+                            if($obsolete =~ m/(<obsolete>)(on|1)/) { $obs = 1; } 
+                            if($obsolete =~ m|(<copyright>)(default)|) {
+                                $rights = 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    my $tmp = $ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats);
+                    if ($obs    eq '1') { $tmp.="&1"; } else { $tmp.="&0"; }
+                    if ($rights eq '1') { $tmp.="&1"; } else { $tmp.="&0"; }
+                    $ulsout.= &escape($tmp).':';
+                }
+                closedir(LSDIR);
+            }
+        } else {
+            my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir);
+            $ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats).':';
+        }
+    } else {
+        $ulsout='no_such_dir';
+   }
+   if ($ulsout eq '') { $ulsout='empty'; }
+   &Reply($client, "$ulsout\n", $userinput); # This supports debug logging.
+   return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("ls2", \&ls2_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #   Process a reinit request.  Reinit requests that either
 #   lonc or lond be reinitialized so that an updated 
@@ -1408,7 +1445,6 @@ sub reinit_process_handler {
     }
     return 1;
 }
-
 &register_handler("reinit", \&reinit_process_handler, 1, 0, 1);
 
 #  Process the editing script for a table edit operation.
@@ -1450,8 +1486,7 @@ sub edit_table_handler {
     }
     return 1;
 }
-register_handler("edit", \&edit_table_handler, 1, 0, 1);
-
+&register_handler("edit", \&edit_table_handler, 1, 0, 1);
 
 #
 #   Authenticate a user against the LonCAPA authentication
@@ -1506,8 +1541,7 @@ sub authenticate_handler {
 
     return 1;
 }
-
-register_handler("auth", \&authenticate_handler, 1, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("auth", \&authenticate_handler, 1, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Change a user's password.  Note that this function is complicated by
@@ -1540,17 +1574,24 @@ sub change_password_handler {
     #  uname - Username.
     #  upass - Current password.
     #  npass - New password.
+    #  context - Context in which this was called 
+    #            (preferences or reset_by_email).
    
-    my ($udom,$uname,$upass,$npass)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    my ($udom,$uname,$upass,$npass,$context)=split(/:/,$tail);
 
     $upass=&unescape($upass);
     $npass=&unescape($npass);
     &Debug("Trying to change password for $uname");
 
     # First require that the user can be authenticated with their
-    # old password:
-
-    my $validated = &validate_user($udom, $uname, $upass);
+    # old password unless context was 'reset_by_email':
+    
+    my $validated;
+    if ($context eq 'reset_by_email') {
+        $validated = 1;
+    } else {
+        $validated = &validate_user($udom, $uname, $upass);
+    }
     if($validated) {
 	my $realpasswd  = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname); # Defined since authd.
 	
@@ -1569,20 +1610,10 @@ sub change_password_handler {
 			 ."to change password");
 		&Failure( $client, "non_authorized\n",$userinput);
 	    }
-	} elsif ($howpwd eq 'unix') {
-	    # Unix means we have to access /etc/password
-	    &Debug("auth is unix");
-	    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-	    &Debug("Opening lcpasswd pipeline");
-	    my $pf = IO::File->new("|$execdir/lcpasswd > "
-				   ."$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}"
-				   ."/logs/lcpasswd.log");
-	    print $pf "$uname\n$npass\n$npass\n";
-	    close $pf;
-	    my $err = $?;
-	    my $result = ($err>0 ? 'pwchange_failure' : 'ok');
+	} elsif ($howpwd eq 'unix' && $context ne 'reset_by_email') {
+	    my $result = &change_unix_password($uname, $npass);
 	    &logthis("Result of password change for $uname: ".
-		     &lcpasswdstrerror($?));
+		     $result);
 	    &Reply($client, "$result\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
 	    # this just means that the current password mode is not
@@ -1598,8 +1629,7 @@ sub change_password_handler {
 
     return 1;
 }
-register_handler("passwd", \&change_password_handler, 1, 1, 0);
-
+&register_handler("passwd", \&change_password_handler, 1, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Create a new user.  User in this case means a lon-capa user.
@@ -1638,18 +1668,10 @@ sub add_user_handler {
 	if (-e $passfilename) {
 	    &Failure( $client, "already_exists\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    my @fpparts=split(/\//,$passfilename);
-	    my $fpnow=$fpparts[0].'/'.$fpparts[1].'/'.$fpparts[2];
 	    my $fperror='';
-	    for (my $i=3;$i<= ($#fpparts-1);$i++) {
-		$fpnow.='/'.$fpparts[$i]; 
-		unless (-e $fpnow) {
-		    &logthis("mkdir $fpnow");
-		    unless (mkdir($fpnow,0777)) {
-			$fperror="error: ".($!+0)." mkdir failed while attempting "
-			    ."makeuser";
-		    }
-		}
+	    if (!&mkpath($passfilename)) {
+		$fperror="error: ".($!+0)." mkdir failed while attempting "
+		    ."makeuser";
 	    }
 	    unless ($fperror) {
 		my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass, $passfilename);
@@ -1690,6 +1712,9 @@ sub add_user_handler {
 # Implicit inputs:
 #    The authentication systems describe above have their own forms of implicit
 #    input into the authentication process that are described above.
+# NOTE:
+#   This is also used to change the authentication credential values (e.g. passwd).
+#   
 #
 sub change_authentication_handler {
 
@@ -1706,12 +1731,46 @@ sub change_authentication_handler {
 	chomp($npass);
 	
 	$npass=&unescape($npass);
+	my $oldauth = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname); # Get old auth info.
 	my $passfilename = &password_path($udom, $uname);
 	if ($passfilename) {	# Not allowed to create a new user!!
-	    my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass,$passfilename);
-	    &Reply($client, $result, $userinput);
+	    # If just changing the unix passwd. need to arrange to run
+	    # passwd since otherwise make_passwd_file will run
+	    # lcuseradd which fails if an account already exists
+	    # (to prevent an unscrupulous LONCAPA admin from stealing
+	    # an existing account by overwriting it as a LonCAPA account).
+
+	    if(($oldauth =~/^unix/) && ($umode eq "unix")) {
+		my $result = &change_unix_password($uname, $npass);
+		&logthis("Result of password change for $uname: ".$result);
+		if ($result eq "ok") {
+		    &Reply($client, "$result\n")
+		} else {
+		    &Failure($client, "$result\n");
+		}
+	    } else {
+		my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass,$passfilename);
+		#
+		#  If the current auth mode is internal, and the old auth mode was
+		#  unix, or krb*,  and the user is an author for this domain,
+		#  re-run manage_permissions for that role in order to be able
+		#  to take ownership of the construction space back to www:www
+		#
+		
+		
+		if( (($oldauth =~ /^unix/) && ($umode eq "internal")) ||
+		    (($oldauth =~ /^internal/) && ($umode eq "unix")) ) { 
+		    if(&is_author($udom, $uname)) {
+			&Debug(" Need to manage author permissions...");
+			&manage_permissions("/$udom/_au", $udom, $uname, "$umode:");
+		    }
+		}
+		&Reply($client, $result, $userinput);
+	    }
+	       
+
 	} else {	       
-	    &Failure($client, "non_authorized", $userinput); # Fail the user now.
+	    &Failure($client, "non_authorized\n", $userinput); # Fail the user now.
 	}
     }
     return 1;
@@ -1791,7 +1850,9 @@ sub update_resource_handler {
 	    my $since=$now-$atime;
 	    if ($since>$perlvar{'lonExpire'}) {
 		my $reply=&reply("unsub:$fname","$clientname");
+		&devalidate_meta_cache($fname);
 		unlink("$fname");
+		unlink("$fname.meta");
 	    } else {
 		my $transname="$fname.in.transfer";
 		my $remoteurl=&reply("sub:$fname","$clientname");
@@ -1821,6 +1882,7 @@ sub update_resource_handler {
 			alarm(0);
 		    }
 		    rename($transname,$fname);
+		    &devalidate_meta_cache($fname);
 		}
 	    }
 	    &Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
@@ -1834,6 +1896,26 @@ sub update_resource_handler {
 }
 &register_handler("update", \&update_resource_handler, 0 ,1, 0);
 
+sub devalidate_meta_cache {
+    my ($url) = @_;
+    use Cache::Memcached;
+    my $memcache = new Cache::Memcached({'servers'=>['127.0.0.1:11211']});
+    $url = &declutter($url);
+    $url =~ s-\.meta$--;
+    my $id = &escape('meta:'.$url);
+    $memcache->delete($id);
+}
+
+sub declutter {
+    my $thisfn=shift;
+    $thisfn=~s/^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E//;
+    $thisfn=~s/^\///;
+    $thisfn=~s|^adm/wrapper/||;
+    $thisfn=~s|^adm/coursedocs/showdoc/||;
+    $thisfn=~s/^res\///;
+    $thisfn=~s/\?.+$//;
+    return $thisfn;
+}
 #
 #   Fetch a user file from a remote server to the user's home directory
 #   userfiles subdir.
@@ -1864,21 +1946,10 @@ sub fetch_user_file_handler {
 	# Note that any regular files in the way of this path are
 	# wiped out to deal with some earlier folly of mine.
 
-	my $path = $udir;
-	if ($ufile =~m|(.+)/([^/]+)$|) {
-	    my @parts=split('/',$1);
-	    foreach my $part (@parts) {
-		$path .= '/'.$part;
-		if( -f $path) {
-		    unlink($path);
-		}
-		if ((-e $path)!=1) {
-		    mkdir($path,0770);
-		}
-	    }
+	if (!&mkpath($udir.'/'.$ufile)) {
+	    &Failure($client, "unable_to_create\n", $userinput);	    
 	}
 
-
 	my $destname=$udir.'/'.$ufile;
 	my $transname=$udir.'/'.$ufile.'.in.transit';
 	my $remoteurl='http://'.$clientip.'/userfiles/'.$fname;
@@ -1922,7 +1993,6 @@ sub fetch_user_file_handler {
 #
 # Returns:
 #    1    - Continue processing.
-
 sub remove_user_file_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
@@ -1938,12 +2008,19 @@ sub remove_user_file_handler {
 	if (-e $udir) {
 	    my $file=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$ufile;
 	    if (-e $file) {
+		#
+		#   If the file is a regular file unlink is fine...
+		#   However it's possible the client wants a dir.
+		#   removed, in which case rmdir is more approprate:
+		#
 	        if (-f $file){
 		    unlink($file);
 		} elsif(-d $file) {
 		    rmdir($file);
 		}
 		if (-e $file) {
+		    #  File is still there after we deleted it ?!?
+
 		    &Failure($client, "failed\n", "$cmd:$tail");
 		} else {
 		    &Reply($client, "ok\n", "$cmd:$tail");
@@ -1968,7 +2045,6 @@ sub remove_user_file_handler {
 #
 # Returns:
 #    1    - Continue processing.
-
 sub mkdir_user_file_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
@@ -1982,17 +2058,11 @@ sub mkdir_user_file_handler {
     } else {
 	my $udir = &propath($udom,$uname);
 	if (-e $udir) {
-	    my $newdir=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$ufile;
-	    if (!-e $newdir) {
-		mkdir($newdir);
-		if (!-e $newdir) {
-		    &Failure($client, "failed\n", "$cmd:$tail");
-		} else {
-		    &Reply($client, "ok\n", "$cmd:$tail");
-		}
-	    } else {
-		&Failure($client, "not_found\n", "$cmd:$tail");
+	    my $newdir=$udir.'/userfiles/'.$ufile.'/';
+	    if (!&mkpath($newdir)) {
+		&Failure($client, "failed\n", "$cmd:$tail");
 	    }
+	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", "$cmd:$tail");
 	} else {
 	    &Failure($client, "not_home\n", "$cmd:$tail");
 	}
@@ -2010,7 +2080,6 @@ sub mkdir_user_file_handler {
 #
 # Returns:
 #    1    - Continue processing.
-
 sub rename_user_file_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
@@ -2044,10 +2113,9 @@ sub rename_user_file_handler {
 }
 &register_handler("renameuserfile", \&rename_user_file_handler, 0,1,0);
 
-
 #
-#  Authenticate access to a user file by checking the user's 
-#  session token(?)
+#  Authenticate access to a user file by checking that the token the user's 
+#  passed also exists in their session file
 #
 # Parameters:
 #   cmd      - The request keyword that dispatched to tus.
@@ -2055,31 +2123,38 @@ sub rename_user_file_handler {
 #   client   - Filehandle open on the client.
 # Return:
 #    1.
-
 sub token_auth_user_file_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
     my ($fname, $session) = split(/:/, $tail);
     
     chomp($session);
-    my $reply='non_auth';
-    if (open(ENVIN,$perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.
-	     $session.'.id')) {
-	while (my $line=<ENVIN>) {
-	    if ($line=~ m|userfile\.\Q$fname\E\=|) { $reply='ok'; }
+    my $reply="non_auth\n";
+    my $file = $perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.$session.'.id';
+    if (open(ENVIN,"$file")) {
+	flock(ENVIN,LOCK_SH);
+	tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',"$file",&GDBM_READER(),0640);
+	if (exists($disk_env{"userfile.$fname"})) {
+	    $reply="ok\n";
+	} else {
+	    foreach my $envname (keys(%disk_env)) {
+		if ($envname=~ m|^userfile\.\Q$fname\E|) {
+		    $reply="ok\n";
+		    last;
+		}
+	    }
 	}
+	untie(%disk_env);
 	close(ENVIN);
-	&Reply($client, $reply);
+	&Reply($client, $reply, "$cmd:$tail");
     } else {
 	&Failure($client, "invalid_token\n", "$cmd:$tail");
     }
     return 1;
 
 }
-
 &register_handler("tokenauthuserfile", \&token_auth_user_file_handler, 0,1,0);
 
-
 #
 #   Unsubscribe from a resource.
 #
@@ -2108,6 +2183,7 @@ sub unsubscribe_handler {
     return 1;
 }
 &register_handler("unsub", \&unsubscribe_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #   Subscribe to a resource
 #
 # Parameters:
@@ -2186,7 +2262,7 @@ sub activity_log_handler {
 
     return 1;
 }
-register_handler("log", \&activity_log_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("log", \&activity_log_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
 #   Put a namespace entry in a user profile hash.
@@ -2218,7 +2294,7 @@ sub put_user_profile_entry {
 		my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
 		$hashref->{$key}=$value;
 	    }
-	    if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	    if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
 		&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	    } else {
 		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
@@ -2226,7 +2302,7 @@ sub put_user_profile_entry {
 			$userinput);
 	    }
 	} else {
-	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		     "while attempting put\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
@@ -2237,6 +2313,61 @@ sub put_user_profile_entry {
 }
 &register_handler("put", \&put_user_profile_entry, 0, 1, 0);
 
+#   Put a piece of new data in hash, returns error if entry already exists
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#
+sub newput_user_profile_entry {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) =split(/:/,$tail,4);
+    if ($namespace eq 'roles') {
+        &Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+	return 1;
+    }
+
+    chomp($what);
+
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT(),"N",$what);
+    if(!$hashref) {
+	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		  "while attempting put\n", $userinput);
+	return 1;
+    }
+
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+	if (exists($hashref->{$key})) {
+	    &Failure($client, "key_exists: ".$key."\n",$userinput);
+	    return 1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+	$hashref->{$key}=$value;
+    }
+
+    if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+	&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
+		 "while attempting put\n", 
+		 $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("newput", \&newput_user_profile_entry, 0, 1, 0);
+
 # 
 #   Increment a profile entry in the user history file.
 #   The history contains keyword value pairs.  In this case,
@@ -2267,13 +2398,19 @@ sub increment_user_value_handler {
 	    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
 	    foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
 		my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+                $value = &unescape($value);
 		# We could check that we have a number...
 		if (! defined($value) || $value eq '') {
 		    $value = 1;
 		}
 		$hashref->{$key}+=$value;
+                if ($namespace eq 'nohist_resourcetracker') {
+                    if ($hashref->{$key} < 0) {
+                        $hashref->{$key} = 0;
+                    }
+                }
 	    }
-	    if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	    if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
 		&Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	    } else {
 		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) failed ".
@@ -2291,7 +2428,6 @@ sub increment_user_value_handler {
 }
 &register_handler("inc", \&increment_user_value_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
-
 #
 #   Put a new role for a user.  Roles are LonCAPA's packaging of permissions.
 #   Each 'role' a user has implies a set of permissions.  Adding a new role
@@ -2331,14 +2467,17 @@ sub roles_put_handler {
     #  is done on close this improves the chances the log will be an un-
     #  corrupted ordered thing.
     if ($hashref) {
+	my $pass_entry = &get_auth_type($udom, $uname);
+	my ($auth_type,$pwd)  = split(/:/, $pass_entry);
+	$auth_type = $auth_type.":";
 	my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
 	foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
 	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
 	    &manage_permissions($key, $udom, $uname,
-			       &get_auth_type( $udom, $uname));
+			       $auth_type);
 	    $hashref->{$key}=$value;
 	}
-	if (untie($hashref)) {
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
 	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
 	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
@@ -2389,7 +2528,7 @@ sub roles_delete_handler {
 	foreach my $key (@rolekeys) {
 	    delete $hashref->{$key};
 	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
 	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
 	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
@@ -2430,32 +2569,17 @@ sub get_profile_entry {
    
     my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) = split(/:/,$tail);
     chomp($what);
-    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-				 &GDBM_READER());
-    if ($hashref) {
-        my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
-        my $qresult='';
-	
-	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
-	    $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";    # Presumably failure gives empty string.
-	}
-	$qresult=~s/\&$//;              # Remove trailing & from last lookup.
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-	    &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
-	} else {
-	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		    "while attempting get\n", $userinput);
-	}
+
+    my $replystring = read_profile($udom, $uname, $namespace, $what);
+    my ($first) = split(/:/,$replystring);
+    if($first ne "error") {
+	&Reply($client, "$replystring\n", $userinput);
     } else {
-	if ($!+0 == 2) {               # +0 coerces errno -> number 2 is ENOENT
-	    &Failure($client, "error:No such file or ".
-		    "GDBM reported bad block error\n", $userinput);
-	} else {                        # Some other undifferentiated err.
-	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		    "while attempting get\n", $userinput);
-	}
+	&Failure($client, $replystring." while attempting get\n", $userinput);
     }
     return 1;
+
+
 }
 &register_handler("get", \&get_profile_entry, 0,1,0);
 
@@ -2483,44 +2607,35 @@ sub get_profile_entry_encrypted {
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
    
-    my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) = split(/:/,$userinput);
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$what) = split(/:/,$tail);
     chomp($what);
-    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-				 &GDBM_READER());
-    if ($hashref) {
-        my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
-        my $qresult='';
-	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
-	    $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";
-	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
-	    if ($cipher) {
-		my $cmdlength=length($qresult);
-		$qresult.="         ";
-		my $encqresult='';
-		for(my $encidx=0;$encidx<=$cmdlength;$encidx+=8) {
-		    $encqresult.= unpack("H16", 
-					 $cipher->encrypt(substr($qresult,
-								 $encidx,
-								 8)));
-		}
-		&Reply( $client, "enc:$cmdlength:$encqresult\n", $userinput);
-	    } else {
-		&Failure( $client, "error:no_key\n", $userinput);
+    my $qresult = read_profile($udom, $uname, $namespace, $what);
+    my ($first) = split(/:/, $qresult);
+    if($first ne "error") {
+	
+	if ($cipher) {
+	    my $cmdlength=length($qresult);
+	    $qresult.="         ";
+	    my $encqresult='';
+	    for(my $encidx=0;$encidx<=$cmdlength;$encidx+=8) {
+		$encqresult.= unpack("H16", 
+				     $cipher->encrypt(substr($qresult,
+							     $encidx,
+							     8)));
 	    }
+	    &Reply( $client, "enc:$cmdlength:$encqresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		    "while attempting eget\n", $userinput);
-	}
+		&Failure( $client, "error:no_key\n", $userinput);
+	    }
     } else {
-	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		"while attempting eget\n", $userinput);
+	&Failure($client, "$qresult while attempting eget\n", $userinput);
+
     }
     
     return 1;
 }
-&register_handler("eget", \&GetProfileEntryEncrypted, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("eget", \&get_profile_entry_encrypted, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #   Deletes a key in a user profile database.
 #   
@@ -2539,7 +2654,6 @@ sub get_profile_entry_encrypted {
 #     0   - Exit server.
 #
 #
-
 sub delete_profile_entry {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
@@ -2555,7 +2669,7 @@ sub delete_profile_entry {
 	foreach my $key (@keys) {
 	    delete($hashref->{$key});
 	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
 	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
 	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
@@ -2568,6 +2682,7 @@ sub delete_profile_entry {
     return 1;
 }
 &register_handler("del", \&delete_profile_entry, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #  List the set of keys that are defined in a profile database file.
 #  A successful reply from this will contain an & separated list of
@@ -2596,7 +2711,7 @@ sub get_profile_keys {
 	foreach my $key (keys %$hashref) {
 	    $qresult.="$key&";
 	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
 	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
 	    &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
@@ -2657,7 +2772,7 @@ sub dump_profile_database {
 	    $data{$symb}->{$param}=$value;
 	    $data{$symb}->{'v.'.$param}=$v;
 	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
 	    while (my ($symb,$param_hash) = each(%data)) {
 		while(my ($param,$value) = each (%$param_hash)){
 		    next if ($param =~ /^v\./);       # Ignore versions...
@@ -2712,27 +2827,44 @@ sub dump_with_regexp {
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$regexp)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$regexp,$range)=split(/:/,$tail);
     if (defined($regexp)) {
 	$regexp=&unescape($regexp);
     } else {
 	$regexp='.';
     }
+    my ($start,$end);
+    if (defined($range)) {
+	if ($range =~/^(\d+)\-(\d+)$/) {
+	    ($start,$end) = ($1,$2);
+	} elsif ($range =~/^(\d+)$/) {
+	    ($start,$end) = (0,$1);
+	} else {
+	    undef($range);
+	}
+    }
     my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
 				 &GDBM_READER());
     if ($hashref) {
         my $qresult='';
+	my $count=0;
 	while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
 	    if ($regexp eq '.') {
+		$count++;
+		if (defined($range) && $count >= $end)   { last; }
+		if (defined($range) && $count <  $start) { next; }
 		$qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
 	    } else {
 		my $unescapeKey = &unescape($key);
 		if (eval('$unescapeKey=~/$regexp/')) {
+		    $count++;
+		    if (defined($range) && $count >= $end)   { last; }
+		    if (defined($range) && $count <  $start) { next; }
 		    $qresult.="$key=$value&";
 		}
 	    }
 	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
 	    chop($qresult);
 	    &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
@@ -2746,7 +2878,6 @@ sub dump_with_regexp {
 
     return 1;
 }
-
 &register_handler("dump", \&dump_with_regexp, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #  Store a set of key=value pairs associated with a versioned name.
@@ -2778,7 +2909,7 @@ sub store_handler {
 	chomp($what);
 	my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
 	my $hashref  = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-				       &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "P",
+				       &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "S",
 				       "$rid:$what");
 	if ($hashref) {
 	    my $now = time;
@@ -2795,7 +2926,7 @@ sub store_handler {
 	    $hashref->{"$version:$rid:timestamp"}=$now;
 	    $allkeys.='timestamp';
 	    $hashref->{"$version:keys:$rid"}=$allkeys;
-	    if (untie($hashref)) {
+	    if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
 		&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	    } else {
 		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
@@ -2812,6 +2943,86 @@ sub store_handler {
     return 1;
 }
 &register_handler("store", \&store_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#  Modify a set of key=value pairs associated with a versioned name.
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#    $cmd                - Request command keyword.
+#    $tail               - Tail of the request.  This is a colon
+#                          separated list containing:
+#                          domain/user - User and authentication domain.
+#                          namespace   - Name of the database being modified
+#                          rid         - Resource keyword to modify.
+#                          v           - Version item to modify
+#                          what        - new value associated with rid.
+#
+#    $client             - Socket open on the client.
+#
+#
+#  Returns:
+#      1 (keep on processing).
+#  Side-Effects:
+#    Writes to the client
+sub putstore_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+ 
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$rid,$v,$what) =split(/:/,$tail);
+    if ($namespace ne 'roles') {
+
+	chomp($what);
+	my $hashref  = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
+				       &GDBM_WRCREAT(), "M",
+				       "$rid:$v:$what");
+	if ($hashref) {
+	    my $now = time;
+	    my %data = &hash_extract($what);
+	    my @allkeys;
+	    while (my($key,$value) = each(%data)) {
+		push(@allkeys,$key);
+		$hashref->{"$v:$rid:$key"} = $value;
+	    }
+	    my $allkeys = join(':',@allkeys);
+	    $hashref->{"$v:keys:$rid"}=$allkeys;
+
+	    if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+		&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	    } else {
+		&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+			"while attempting store\n", $userinput);
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+		     "while attempting store\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("putstore", \&putstore_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub hash_extract {
+    my ($str)=@_;
+    my %hash;
+    foreach my $pair (split(/\&/,$str)) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+	$hash{$key}=$value;
+    }
+    return (%hash);
+}
+sub hash_to_str {
+    my ($hash_ref)=@_;
+    my $str;
+    foreach my $key (keys(%$hash_ref)) {
+	$str.=$key.'='.$hash_ref->{$key}.'&';
+    }
+    $str=~s/\&$//;
+    return $str;
+}
+
 #
 #  Dump out all versions of a resource that has key=value pairs associated
 # with it for each version.  These resources are built up via the store
@@ -2841,29 +3052,27 @@ sub restore_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";	# Only used for logging purposes.
-
-    my ($cmd,$udom,$uname,$namespace,$rid) = split(/:/,$userinput);
+    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$rid) = split(/:/,$tail);
     $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
-    $namespace=~s/\W//g;
+    $namespace = &LONCAPA::clean_username($namespace);
+
     chomp($rid);
-    my $proname=&propath($udom,$uname);
     my $qresult='';
-    my %hash;
-    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/$namespace.db",
-	    &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-	my $version=$hash{"version:$rid"};
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace, &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	my $version=$hashref->{"version:$rid"};
 	$qresult.="version=$version&";
 	my $scope;
 	for ($scope=1;$scope<=$version;$scope++) {
-	    my $vkeys=$hash{"$scope:keys:$rid"};
+	    my $vkeys=$hashref->{"$scope:keys:$rid"};
 	    my @keys=split(/:/,$vkeys);
 	    my $key;
 	    $qresult.="$scope:keys=$vkeys&";
 	    foreach $key (@keys) {
-		$qresult.="$scope:$key=".$hash{"$scope:$rid:$key"}."&";
+		$qresult.="$scope:$key=".$hashref->{"$scope:$rid:$key"}."&";
 	    }                                  
 	}
-	if (untie(%hash)) {
+	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
 	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
 	    &Reply( $client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
@@ -2882,15 +3091,17 @@ sub restore_handler {
 &register_handler("restore", \&restore_handler, 0,1,0);
 
 #
-#   Add a chat message to to a discussion board.
+#   Add a chat message to a synchronous discussion board.
 #
 # Parameters:
 #    $cmd                - Request keyword.
 #    $tail               - Tail of the command. A colon separated list
 #                          containing:
 #                          cdom    - Domain on which the chat board lives
-#                          cnum    - Identifier of the discussion group.
-#                          post    - Body of the posting.
+#                          cnum    - Course containing the chat board.
+#                          newpost - Body of the posting.
+#                          group   - Optional group, if chat board is only 
+#                                    accessible in a group within the course 
 #   $client              - Socket open on the client.
 # Returns:
 #   1    - Indicating caller should keep on processing.
@@ -2905,15 +3116,16 @@ sub send_chat_handler {
     
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-    my ($cdom,$cnum,$newpost)=split(/\:/,$tail);
-    &chat_add($cdom,$cnum,$newpost);
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$newpost,$group)=split(/\:/,$tail);
+    &chat_add($cdom,$cnum,$newpost,$group);
     &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 
     return 1;
 }
 &register_handler("chatsend", \&send_chat_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
-#   Retrieve the set of chat messagss from a discussion board.
+#   Retrieve the set of chat messages from a discussion board.
 #
 #  Parameters:
 #    $cmd             - Command keyword that initiated the request.
@@ -2923,6 +3135,8 @@ sub send_chat_handler {
 #                       chat id        - Discussion thread(?)
 #                       domain/user    - Authentication domain and username
 #                                        of the requesting person.
+#                       group          - Optional course group containing
+#                                        the board.      
 #   $client           - Socket open on the client program.
 # Returns:
 #    1     - continue processing
@@ -2935,9 +3149,9 @@ sub retrieve_chat_handler {
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-    my ($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname)=split(/\:/,$tail);
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname,$group)=split(/\:/,$tail);
     my $reply='';
-    foreach (&get_chat($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname)) {
+    foreach (&get_chat($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname,$group)) {
 	$reply.=&escape($_).':';
     }
     $reply=~s/\:$//;
@@ -3014,7 +3228,7 @@ sub reply_query_handler {
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-    my ($cmd,$id,$reply)=split(/:/,$userinput); 
+    my ($id,$reply)=split(/:/,$tail); 
     my $store;
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     if ($store=IO::File->new(">$execdir/tmp/$id")) {
@@ -3047,6 +3261,14 @@ sub reply_query_handler {
 #   $tail     - Tail of the command.  In this case consists of a colon
 #               separated list contaning the domain to apply this to and
 #               an ampersand separated list of keyword=value pairs.
+#               Each value is a colon separated list that includes:  
+#               description, institutional code and course owner.
+#               For backward compatibility with versions included
+#               in LON-CAPA 1.1.X (and earlier) and 1.2.X, institutional
+#               code and/or course owner are preserved from the existing 
+#               record when writing a new record in response to 1.1 or 
+#               1.2 implementations of lonnet::flushcourselogs().   
+#                      
 #   $client   - Socket open on the client.
 # Returns:
 #   1    - indicating that processing should continue
@@ -3060,7 +3282,7 @@ sub put_course_id_handler {
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-    my ($udom, $what) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    my ($udom, $what) = split(/:/, $tail,2);
     chomp($what);
     my $now=time;
     my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
@@ -3068,21 +3290,39 @@ sub put_course_id_handler {
     my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
     if ($hashref) {
 	foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
-	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
-	    $hashref->{$key}=$value.':'.$now;
+            my ($key,$courseinfo) = split(/=/,$pair,2);
+            $courseinfo =~ s/=/:/g;
+            my @current_items = split(/:/,$hashref->{$key},-1);
+            shift(@current_items); # remove description
+            pop(@current_items);   # remove last access
+            my $numcurrent = scalar(@current_items);
+            if ($numcurrent > 3) {
+                $numcurrent = 3;
+            }
+            my @new_items = split(/:/,$courseinfo,-1);
+            my $numnew = scalar(@new_items);
+            if ($numcurrent > 0) {
+                if ($numnew <= $numcurrent) { # flushcourselogs() from pre 2.2 
+                    for (my $j=$numcurrent-$numnew; $j>=0; $j--) {
+                        $courseinfo .= ':'.$current_items[$numcurrent-$j-1];
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+	    $hashref->{$key}=$courseinfo.':'.$now;
 	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
-	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+	if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+	    &Reply( $client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
-	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)
+	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)
 		     ." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		     "while attempting courseidput\n", $userinput);
 	}
     } else {
-	&Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)
 		 ." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
 		 "while attempting courseidput\n", $userinput);
     }
+    
 
     return 1;
 }
@@ -3106,6 +3346,14 @@ sub put_course_id_handler {
 #                 description - regular expression that is used to filter
 #                            the dump.  Only keywords matching this regexp
 #                            will be used.
+#                 institutional code - optional supplied code to filter 
+#                            the dump. Only courses with an institutional code 
+#                            that match the supplied code will be returned.
+#                 owner    - optional supplied username and domain of owner to
+#                            filter the dump.  Only courses for which the course
+#                            owner matches the supplied username and/or domain
+#                            will be returned. Pre-2.2.0 legacy entries from 
+#                            nohist_courseiddump will only contain usernames.
 #     $client  - The socket open on the client.
 # Returns:
 #    1     - Continue processing.
@@ -3116,34 +3364,135 @@ sub dump_course_id_handler {
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
-    my ($udom,$since,$description) =split(/:/,$tail);
+    my ($udom,$since,$description,$instcodefilter,$ownerfilter,$coursefilter,
+        $typefilter,$regexp_ok) =split(/:/,$tail);
     if (defined($description)) {
 	$description=&unescape($description);
     } else {
 	$description='.';
     }
+    if (defined($instcodefilter)) {
+        $instcodefilter=&unescape($instcodefilter);
+    } else {
+        $instcodefilter='.';
+    }
+    my ($ownerunamefilter,$ownerdomfilter);
+    if (defined($ownerfilter)) {
+        $ownerfilter=&unescape($ownerfilter);
+        if ($ownerfilter ne '.' && defined($ownerfilter)) {
+            if ($ownerfilter =~ /^([^:]*):([^:]*)$/) {
+                 $ownerunamefilter = $1;
+                 $ownerdomfilter = $2;
+            } else {
+                $ownerunamefilter = $ownerfilter;
+                $ownerdomfilter = '';
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        $ownerfilter='.';
+    }
+
+    if (defined($coursefilter)) {
+        $coursefilter=&unescape($coursefilter);
+    } else {
+        $coursefilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($typefilter)) {
+        $typefilter=&unescape($typefilter);
+    } else {
+        $typefilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($regexp_ok)) {
+        $regexp_ok=&unescape($regexp_ok);
+    }
+
     unless (defined($since)) { $since=0; }
     my $qresult='';
     my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
     if ($hashref) {
 	while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
-	    my ($descr,$lasttime,$inst_code);
-	    if ($value =~ m/^([^\:]*):([^\:]*):(\d+)$/) {
-		($descr,$inst_code,$lasttime)=($1,$2,$3);
-	    } else {
-		($descr,$lasttime) = split(/\:/,$value);
-	    }
+	    my ($descr,$lasttime,$inst_code,$owner,$type);
+            my @courseitems = split(/:/,$value);
+            $lasttime = pop(@courseitems);
+	    ($descr,$inst_code,$owner,$type)=@courseitems;
 	    if ($lasttime<$since) { next; }
-	    if ($description eq '.') {
-		$qresult.=$key.'='.$descr.':'.$inst_code.'&';
-	    } else {
-		my $unescapeVal = &unescape($descr);
-		if (eval('$unescapeVal=~/\Q$description\E/i')) {
-		    $qresult.=$key.'='.$descr.':'.$inst_code.'&';
+            my $match = 1;
+	    unless ($description eq '.') {
+		my $unescapeDescr = &unescape($descr);
+		unless (eval('$unescapeDescr=~/\Q$description\E/i')) {
+                    $match = 0;
 		}
+            }
+            unless ($instcodefilter eq '.' || !defined($instcodefilter)) {
+                my $unescapeInstcode = &unescape($inst_code);
+                if ($regexp_ok) {
+                    unless (eval('$unescapeInstcode=~/$instcodefilter/')) {
+                        $match = 0;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    unless (eval('$unescapeInstcode=~/\Q$instcodefilter\E/i')) {
+                        $match = 0;
+                    }
+                }
 	    }
+            unless ($ownerfilter eq '.' || !defined($ownerfilter)) {
+                my $unescapeOwner = &unescape($owner);
+                if (($ownerunamefilter ne '') && ($ownerdomfilter ne '')) {
+                    if ($unescapeOwner =~ /:/) {
+                        if (eval('$unescapeOwner !~ 
+                             /\Q$ownerunamefilter\E:\Q$ownerdomfilter\E$/i')) {
+                            $match = 0;
+                        } 
+                    } else {
+                        if (eval('$unescapeOwner!~/\Q$ownerunamefilter\E/i')) {
+                            $match = 0;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif ($ownerunamefilter ne '') {
+                    if ($unescapeOwner =~ /:/) {
+                        if (eval('$unescapeOwner!~/\Q$ownerunamefilter\E:[^:]+$/i')) {
+                             $match = 0;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        if (eval('$unescapeOwner!~/\Q$ownerunamefilter\E/i')) {
+                            $match = 0;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif ($ownerdomfilter ne '') {
+                    if ($unescapeOwner =~ /:/) {
+                        if (eval('$unescapeOwner!~/^[^:]+:\Q$ownerdomfilter\E/')) {
+                             $match = 0;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        if ($ownerdomfilter ne $udom) {
+                            $match = 0;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($coursefilter eq '.' || !defined($coursefilter)) {
+                my $unescapeCourse = &unescape($key);
+                unless (eval('$unescapeCourse=~/^$udom(_)\Q$coursefilter\E$/')) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($typefilter eq '.' || !defined($typefilter)) {
+                my $unescapeType = &unescape($type);
+                if ($type eq '') {
+                    if ($typefilter ne 'Course') {
+                        $match = 0;
+                    }
+                } else { 
+                    unless (eval('$unescapeType=~/^\Q$typefilter\E$/')) {
+                        $match = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($match == 1) {
+                $qresult.=$key.'='.$descr.':'.$inst_code.':'.$owner.'&';
+            }
 	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
 	    chop($qresult);
 	    &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
@@ -3161,6 +3510,99 @@ sub dump_course_id_handler {
 &register_handler("courseiddump", \&dump_course_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
+# Puts an unencrypted entry in a namespace db file at the domain level 
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
+#    $client   - File descriptor connected to client.
+# Returns
+#     0        - Requested to exit, caller should shut down.
+#     1        - Continue processing.
+#  Side effects:
+#     reply is written to $client.
+#
+sub put_domain_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$namespace,$what) =split(/:/,$tail,3);
+    chomp($what);
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "$namespace", &GDBM_WRCREAT(),
+                                   "P", $what);
+    if ($hashref) {
+        foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+            my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+            $hashref->{$key}=$value;
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                     "while attempting putdom\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                  "while attempting putdom\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("putdom", \&put_domain_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+# Unencrypted get from the namespace database file at the domain level.
+# This function retrieves a keyed item from a specific named database in the
+# domain directory.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#   $cmd             - Command request keyword (get).
+#   $tail            - Tail of the command.  This is a colon separated list
+#                      consisting of the domain and the 'namespace' 
+#                      which selects the gdbm file to do the lookup in,
+#                      & separated list of keys to lookup.  Note that
+#                      the values are returned as an & separated list too.
+#   $client          - File descriptor open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#   1       - Continue processing.
+#   0       - Exit.
+#  Side effects:
+#     reply is written to $client.
+#
+
+sub get_domain_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$client:$tail";
+
+    my ($udom,$namespace,$what)=split(/:/,$tail,3);
+    chomp($what);
+    my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
+    my $qresult='';
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "$namespace", &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
+            $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            $qresult=~s/\&$//;
+            &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                      "while attempting getdom\n",$userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                 "while attempting getdom\n",$userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("getdom", \&get_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+
+#
 #  Puts an id to a domains id database. 
 #
 #  Parameters:
@@ -3192,7 +3634,7 @@ sub put_id_handler {
 	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
 	    $hashref->{$key}=$value;
 	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
 	    &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
 	    &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
@@ -3205,8 +3647,8 @@ sub put_id_handler {
 
     return 1;
 }
-
 &register_handler("idput", \&put_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #  Retrieves a set of id values from the id database.
 #  Returns an & separated list of results, one for each requested id to the
@@ -3241,7 +3683,7 @@ sub get_id_handler {
 	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
 	    $qresult.="$hashref->{$queries[$i]}&";
 	}
-	if (untie(%$hashref)) {
+	if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
 	    $qresult=~s/\&$//;
 	    &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
 	} else {
@@ -3255,10 +3697,261 @@ sub get_id_handler {
     
     return 1;
 }
+&register_handler("idget", \&get_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# Puts broadcast e-mail sent by Domain Coordinator in nohist_dcmail database 
+#
+# Parameters
+#   $cmd       - Command keyword that caused us to be dispatched.
+#   $tail      - Tail of the command.  Consists of a colon separated:
+#               domain - the domain whose dcmail we are recording
+#               email    Consists of key=value pair 
+#                        where key is unique msgid
+#                        and value is message (in XML)
+#   $client    - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1 - indicating processing should continue.
+# Side effects
+#     reply is written to $client.
+#
+sub put_dcmail_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+                                                                                
+    my ($udom,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_dcmail", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$what);
+        $hashref->{$key}=$value;
+    }
+    if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+        &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                 "while attempting dcmailput\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("dcmailput", \&put_dcmail_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# Retrieves broadcast e-mail from nohist_dcmail database
+# Returns to client an & separated list of key=value pairs,
+# where key is msgid and value is message information.
+#
+# Parameters
+#   $cmd       - Command keyword that caused us to be dispatched.
+#   $tail      - Tail of the command.  Consists of a colon separated:
+#               domain - the domain whose dcmail table we dump
+#               startfilter - beginning of time window 
+#               endfilter - end of time window
+#               sendersfilter - & separated list of username:domain 
+#                 for senders to search for.
+#   $client    - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1 - indicating processing should continue.
+# Side effects
+#     reply (& separated list of msgid=messageinfo pairs) is 
+#     written to $client.
+#
+sub dump_dcmail_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+                                                                                
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($udom,$startfilter,$endfilter,$sendersfilter) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($sendersfilter);
+    my @senders = ();
+    if (defined($startfilter)) {
+        $startfilter=&unescape($startfilter);
+    } else {
+        $startfilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($endfilter)) {
+        $endfilter=&unescape($endfilter);
+    } else {
+        $endfilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($sendersfilter)) {
+        $sendersfilter=&unescape($sendersfilter);
+	@senders = map { &unescape($_) } split(/\&/,$sendersfilter);
+    }
+
+    my $qresult='';
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_dcmail", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
+            my $match = 1;
+            my ($timestamp,$subj,$uname,$udom) = 
+		split(/:/,&unescape(&unescape($key)),5); # yes, twice really
+            $subj = &unescape($subj);
+            unless ($startfilter eq '.' || !defined($startfilter)) {
+                if ($timestamp < $startfilter) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($endfilter eq '.' || !defined($endfilter)) {
+                if ($timestamp > $endfilter) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            unless (@senders < 1) {
+                unless (grep/^$uname:$udom$/,@senders) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($match == 1) {
+                $qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
+            }
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            chop($qresult);
+            &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                    "while attempting dcmaildump\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                "while attempting dcmaildump\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
 
-register_handler("idget", \&get_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+&register_handler("dcmaildump", \&dump_dcmail_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #
+# Puts domain roles in nohist_domainroles database
+#
+# Parameters
+#   $cmd       - Command keyword that caused us to be dispatched.
+#   $tail      - Tail of the command.  Consists of a colon separated:
+#               domain - the domain whose roles we are recording  
+#               role -   Consists of key=value pair
+#                        where key is unique role
+#                        and value is start/end date information
+#   $client    - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1 - indicating processing should continue.
+# Side effects
+#     reply is written to $client.
+#
+
+sub put_domainroles_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($udom,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($what);
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$what);
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_domainroles", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+            my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair);
+            $hashref->{$key}=$value;
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            &Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                     "while attempting domroleput\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                  "while attempting domroleput\n", $userinput);
+    }
+                                                                                  
+    return 1;
+}
+
+&register_handler("domroleput", \&put_domainroles_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# Retrieves domain roles from nohist_domainroles database
+# Returns to client an & separated list of key=value pairs,
+# where key is role and value is start and end date information.
+#
+# Parameters
+#   $cmd       - Command keyword that caused us to be dispatched.
+#   $tail      - Tail of the command.  Consists of a colon separated:
+#               domain - the domain whose domain roles table we dump
+#   $client    - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#    1 - indicating processing should continue.
+# Side effects
+#     reply (& separated list of role=start/end info pairs) is
+#     written to $client.
+#
+sub dump_domainroles_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+                                                                                           
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($udom,$startfilter,$endfilter,$rolesfilter) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    chomp($rolesfilter);
+    my @roles = ();
+    if (defined($startfilter)) {
+        $startfilter=&unescape($startfilter);
+    } else {
+        $startfilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($endfilter)) {
+        $endfilter=&unescape($endfilter);
+    } else {
+        $endfilter='.';
+    }
+    if (defined($rolesfilter)) {
+        $rolesfilter=&unescape($rolesfilter);
+	@roles = split(/\&/,$rolesfilter);
+    }
+                                                                                           
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_domainroles", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        my $qresult = '';
+        while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
+            my $match = 1;
+            my ($start,$end) = split(/:/,&unescape($value));
+            my ($trole,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec) = split(/:/,&unescape($key));
+            unless ($startfilter eq '.' || !defined($startfilter)) {
+                if ($start >= $startfilter) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($endfilter eq '.' || !defined($endfilter)) {
+                if ($end <= $endfilter) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            unless (@roles < 1) {
+                unless (grep/^$trole$/,@roles) {
+                    $match = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($match == 1) {
+                $qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
+            }
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            chop($qresult);
+            &Reply($client, "$qresult\n", $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                    "while attempting domrolesdump\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                "while attempting domrolesdump\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+&register_handler("domrolesdump", \&dump_domainroles_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+
 #  Process the tmpput command I'm not sure what this does.. Seems to
 #  create a file in the lonDaemons/tmp directory of the form $id.tmp
 # where Id is the client's ip concatenated with a sequence number.
@@ -3280,15 +3973,23 @@ sub tmp_put_handler {
 
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$what";	# Reconstruct for logging.
 
-
-    my $store;
+    my ($record,$context) = split(/:/,$what);
+    if ($context ne '') {
+        chomp($context);
+        $context = &unescape($context);
+    }
+    my ($id,$store);
     $tmpsnum++;
-    my $id=$$.'_'.$clientip.'_'.$tmpsnum;
+    if ($context eq 'resetpw') {
+        $id = &md5_hex(&md5_hex(time.{}.rand().$$));
+    } else {
+        $id = $$.'_'.$clientip.'_'.$tmpsnum;
+    }
     $id=~s/\W/\_/g;
-    $what=~s/\n//g;
+    $record=~s/\n//g;
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     if ($store=IO::File->new(">$execdir/tmp/$id.tmp")) {
-	print $store $what;
+	print $store $record;
 	close $store;
 	&Reply($client, "$id\n", $userinput);
     } else {
@@ -3299,6 +4000,7 @@ sub tmp_put_handler {
   
 }
 &register_handler("tmpput", \&tmp_put_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #   Processes the tmpget command.  This command returns the contents
 #  of a temporary resource file(?) created via tmpput.
 #
@@ -3311,7 +4013,6 @@ sub tmp_put_handler {
 #    1         - Inidcating processing can continue.
 # Side effects:
 #   A reply is sent to the client.
-
 #
 sub tmp_get_handler {
     my ($cmd, $id, $client) = @_;
@@ -3334,6 +4035,7 @@ sub tmp_get_handler {
     return 1;
 }
 &register_handler("tmpget", \&tmp_get_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #  Process the tmpdel command.  This command deletes a temp resource
 #  created by the tmpput command.
@@ -3367,15 +4069,587 @@ sub tmp_del_handler {
 
 }
 &register_handler("tmpdel", \&tmp_del_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Processes the setannounce command.  This command
+#   creates a file named announce.txt in the top directory of
+#   the documentn root and sets its contents.  The announce.txt file is
+#   printed in its entirety at the LonCAPA login page.  Note:
+#   once the announcement.txt fileis created it cannot be deleted.
+#   However, setting the contents of the file to empty removes the
+#   announcement from the login page of loncapa so who cares.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd          - The command that got us dispatched.
+#    $announcement - The text of the announcement.
+#    $client       - Socket open on the client process.
+# Retunrns:
+#   1             - Indicating request processing should continue
+# Side Effects:
+#   The file {DocRoot}/announcement.txt is created.
+#   A reply is sent to $client.
+#
+sub set_announce_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $announcement, $client) = @_;
+  
+    my $userinput    = "$cmd:$announcement";
+
+    chomp($announcement);
+    $announcement=&unescape($announcement);
+    if (my $store=IO::File->new('>'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.
+				'/announcement.txt')) {
+	print $store $announcement;
+	close $store;
+	&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)."\n", $userinput);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("setannounce", \&set_announce_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#  Return the version of the daemon.  This can be used to determine
+#  the compatibility of cross version installations or, alternatively to
+#  simply know who's out of date and who isn't.  Note that the version
+#  is returned concatenated with the tail.
+# Parameters:
+#   $cmd        - the request that dispatched to us.
+#   $tail       - Tail of the request (client's version?).
+#   $client     - Socket open on the client.
+#Returns:
+#   1 - continue processing requests.
+# Side Effects:
+#   Replies with version to $client.
+sub get_version_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput  = $cmd.$tail;
+    
+    &Reply($client, &version($userinput)."\n", $userinput);
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("version", \&get_version_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#  Set the current host and domain.  This is used to support
+#  multihomed systems.  Each IP of the system, or even separate daemons
+#  on the same IP can be treated as handling a separate lonCAPA virtual
+#  machine.  This command selects the virtual lonCAPA.  The client always
+#  knows the right one since it is lonc and it is selecting the domain/system
+#  from the hosts.tab file.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - Command that dispatched us.
+#    $tail     - Tail of the command (domain/host requested).
+#    $socket   - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#     1   - Indicates the program should continue to process requests.
+# Side-effects:
+#     The default domain/system context is modified for this daemon.
+#     a reply is sent to the client.
+#
+sub set_virtual_host_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $socket) = @_;
+  
+    my $userinput  ="$cmd:$tail";
+
+    &Reply($client, &sethost($userinput)."\n", $userinput);
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("sethost", \&set_virtual_host_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#  Process a request to exit:
+#   - "bye" is sent to the client.
+#   - The client socket is shutdown and closed.
+#   - We indicate to the caller that we should exit.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd                - The command that got us here.
+#   $tail               - Tail of the command (empty).
+#   $client             - Socket open on the tail.
+# Returns:
+#   0      - Indicating the program should exit!!
+#
+sub exit_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    &logthis("Client $clientip ($clientname) hanging up: $userinput");
+    &Reply($client, "bye\n", $userinput);
+    $client->shutdown(2);        # shutdown the socket forcibly.
+    $client->close();
+
+    return 0;
+}
+&register_handler("exit", \&exit_handler, 0,1,1);
+&register_handler("init", \&exit_handler, 0,1,1);
+&register_handler("quit", \&exit_handler, 0,1,1);
+
+#  Determine if auto-enrollment is enabled.
+#  Note that the original had what I believe to be a defect.
+#  The original returned 0 if the requestor was not a registerd client.
+#  It should return "refused".
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd       - The command that invoked us.
+#   $tail      - The tail of the command (Extra command parameters.
+#   $client    - The socket open on the client that issued the request.
+# Returns:
+#    1         - Indicating processing should continue.
+#
+sub enrollment_enabled_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = $cmd.":".$tail; # For logging purposes.
+
+    
+    my ($cdom) = split(/:/, $tail, 2);   # Domain we're asking about.
+
+    my $outcome  = &localenroll::run($cdom);
+    &Reply($client, "$outcome\n", $userinput);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autorun", \&enrollment_enabled_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Get the official sections for which auto-enrollment is possible.
+#   Since the admin people won't know about 'unofficial sections' 
+#   we cannot auto-enroll on them.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched here.
+#    $tail    - The remainder of the request.  In our case this
+#               will be split into:
+#               $coursecode   - The course name from the admin point of view.
+#               $cdom         - The course's domain(?).
+#    $client  - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1    - Indiciting processing should continue.
+#
+sub get_sections_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($coursecode, $cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    my @secs = &localenroll::get_sections($coursecode,$cdom);
+    my $seclist = &escape(join(':',@secs));
+
+    &Reply($client, "$seclist\n", $userinput);
+    
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autogetsections", \&get_sections_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Validate the owner of a new course section.  
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd      - Command that got us dispatched.
+#   $tail     - the remainder of the command.  For us this consists of a
+#               colon separated string containing:
+#                  $inst    - Course Id from the institutions point of view.
+#                  $owner   - Proposed owner of the course.
+#                  $cdom    - Domain of the course (from the institutions
+#                             point of view?)..
+#   $client   - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#   1        - Processing should continue.
+#
+sub validate_course_owner_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($inst_course_id, $owner, $cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
+
+    $owner = &unescape($owner);
+    my $outcome = &localenroll::new_course($inst_course_id,$owner,$cdom);
+    &Reply($client, "$outcome\n", $userinput);
+
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autonewcourse", \&validate_course_owner_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Validate a course section in the official schedule of classes
+#   from the institutions point of view (part of autoenrollment).
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd          - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#   $tail         - The tail of the command.  In this case,
+#                   this is a colon separated set of words that will be split
+#                   into:
+#                        $inst_course_id - The course/section id from the
+#                                          institutions point of view.
+#                        $cdom           - The domain from the institutions
+#                                          point of view.
+#   $client       - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1           - Indicating processing should continue.
+#
+sub validate_course_section_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($inst_course_id, $cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
+
+    my $outcome=&localenroll::validate_courseID($inst_course_id,$cdom);
+    &Reply($client, "$outcome\n", $userinput);
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autovalidatecourse", \&validate_course_section_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Validate course owner's access to enrollment data for specific class section. 
+#   
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail    - The tail of the command.   In this case this is a colon separated
+#               set of words that will be split into:
+#               $inst_class  - Institutional code for the specific class section   
+#               $courseowner - The escaped username:domain of the course owner 
+#               $cdom        - The domain of the course from the institution's
+#                              point of view.
+#    $client  - The socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1 - continue processing.
+#
+
+sub validate_class_access_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($inst_class,$courseowner,$cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    $courseowner = &unescape($courseowner);
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+	local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+	$outcome=&localenroll::check_section($inst_class,$courseowner,$cdom);
+    };
+    &Reply($client,"$outcome\n", $userinput);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autovalidateclass_sec", \&validate_class_access_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+#   Create a password for a new LON-CAPA user added by auto-enrollment.
+#   Only used for case where authentication method for new user is localauth
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail    - The tail of the command.   In this case this is a colon separated
+#               set of words that will be split into:
+#               $authparam - An authentication parameter (localauth parameter).
+#               $cdom      - The domain of the course from the institution's
+#                            point of view.
+#    $client  - The socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1 - continue processing.
+#
+sub create_auto_enroll_password_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($authparam, $cdom) = split(/:/, $userinput);
+
+    my ($create_passwd,$authchk);
+    ($authparam,
+     $create_passwd,
+     $authchk) = &localenroll::create_password($authparam,$cdom);
+
+    &Reply($client, &escape($authparam.':'.$create_passwd.':'.$authchk)."\n",
+	   $userinput);
+
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autocreatepassword", \&create_auto_enroll_password_handler, 
+		  0, 1, 0);
+
+#   Retrieve and remove temporary files created by/during autoenrollment.
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd      - The command that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail     - The tail of the command.  In our case this is a colon 
+#                separated list that will be split into:
+#                $filename - The name of the file to remove.
+#                            The filename is given as a path relative to
+#                            the LonCAPA temp file directory.
+#    $client   - Socket open on the client.
+#
+# Returns:
+#   1     - Continue processing.
+sub retrieve_auto_file_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)    = @_;
+    my $userinput                = "cmd:$tail";
+
+    my ($filename)   = split(/:/, $tail);
+
+    my $source = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename;
+    if ( (-e $source) && ($filename ne '') ) {
+	my $reply = '';
+	if (open(my $fh,$source)) {
+	    while (<$fh>) {
+		chomp($_);
+		$_ =~ s/^\s+//g;
+		$_ =~ s/\s+$//g;
+		$reply .= $_;
+	    }
+	    close($fh);
+	    &Reply($client, &escape($reply)."\n", $userinput);
+
+#   Does this have to be uncommented??!?  (RF).
+#
+#                                unlink($source);
+	} else {
+	    &Failure($client, "error\n", $userinput);
+	}
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client, "error\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autoretrieve", \&retrieve_auto_file_handler, 0,1,0);
+
 #
+#   Read and retrieve institutional code format (for support form).
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - Command that dispatched us.
+#    $tail       - Tail of the command.  In this case it conatins 
+#                  the course domain and the coursename.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1     - Continue processing.
 #
+sub get_institutional_code_format_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my $reply;
+    my($cdom,$course) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    my @pairs = split/\&/,$course;
+    my %instcodes = ();
+    my %codes = ();
+    my @codetitles = ();
+    my %cat_titles = ();
+    my %cat_order = ();
+    foreach (@pairs) {
+	my ($key,$value) = split/=/,$_;
+	$instcodes{&unescape($key)} = &unescape($value);
+    }
+    my $formatreply = &localenroll::instcode_format($cdom,
+						    \%instcodes,
+						    \%codes,
+						    \@codetitles,
+						    \%cat_titles,
+						    \%cat_order);
+    if ($formatreply eq 'ok') {
+	my $codes_str = &hash2str(%codes);
+	my $codetitles_str = &array2str(@codetitles);
+	my $cat_titles_str = &hash2str(%cat_titles);
+	my $cat_order_str = &hash2str(%cat_order);
+	&Reply($client,
+	       $codes_str.':'.$codetitles_str.':'.$cat_titles_str.':'
+	       .$cat_order_str."\n",
+	       $userinput);
+    } else {
+	# this else branch added by RF since if not ok, lonc will
+	# hang waiting on reply until timeout.
+	#
+	&Reply($client, "format_error\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autoinstcodeformat",
+		  \&get_institutional_code_format_handler,0,1,0);
+
+sub get_institutional_defaults_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my $dom = $tail;
+    my %defaults_hash;
+    my @code_order;
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::instcode_defaults($dom,\%defaults_hash,
+                                                   \@code_order);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+            my $result='';
+            while (my ($key,$value) = each(%defaults_hash)) {
+                $result.=&escape($key).'='.&escape($value).'&';
+            }
+            $result .= 'code_order='.&escape(join('&',@code_order));
+            &Reply($client,$result."\n",$userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply($client,"error\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+}
+&register_handler("autoinstcodedefaults",
+                  \&get_institutional_defaults_handler,0,1,0);
+
+
+# Get domain specific conditions for import of student photographs to a course
 #
+# Retrieves information from photo_permission subroutine in localenroll.
+# Returns outcome (ok) if no processing errors, and whether course owner is 
+# required to accept conditions of use (yes/no).
 #
+#    
+sub photo_permission_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $cdom = $tail;
+    my ($perm_reqd,$conditions);
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+	local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+	$outcome = &localenroll::photo_permission($cdom,\$perm_reqd,
+						  \$conditions);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+	&Reply($client, &escape($outcome.':'.$perm_reqd.':'. $conditions)."\n",
+	       $userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autophotopermission",\&photo_permission_handler,0,1,0);
+
+#
+# Checks if student photo is available for a user in the domain, in the user's
+# directory (in /userfiles/internal/studentphoto.jpg).
+# Uses localstudentphoto:fetch() to ensure there is an up to date copy of
+# the student's photo.   
+
+sub photo_check_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($udom,$uname,$pid) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    $udom = &unescape($udom);
+    $uname = &unescape($uname);
+    $pid = &unescape($pid);
+    my $path=&propath($udom,$uname).'/userfiles/internal/';
+    if (!-e $path) {
+        &mkpath($path);
+    }
+    my $response;
+    my $result = &localstudentphoto::fetch($udom,$uname,$pid,\$response);
+    $result .= ':'.$response;
+    &Reply($client, &escape($result)."\n",$userinput);
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autophotocheck",\&photo_check_handler,0,1,0);
+
+#
+# Retrieve information from localenroll about whether to provide a button     
+# for users who have enbled import of student photos to initiate an 
+# update of photo files for registered students. Also include 
+# comment to display alongside button.  
+
+sub photo_choice_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput             = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $cdom                  = &unescape($tail);
+    my ($update,$comment);
+    eval {
+	local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+	($update,$comment)    = &localenroll::manager_photo_update($cdom);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+	&Reply($client,&escape($update).':'.&escape($comment)."\n",$userinput);
+    } else {
+	&Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autophotochoice",\&photo_choice_handler,0,1,0);
+
+#
+# Gets a student's photo to exist (in the correct image type) in the user's 
+# directory.
+# Formal Parameters:
+#    $cmd     - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#    $tail    - A colon separated set of words that will be split into:
+#               $domain - student's domain
+#               $uname  - student username
+#               $type   - image type desired
+#    $client  - The socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1 - continue processing.
+
+sub student_photo_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my ($domain,$uname,$ext,$type) = split(/:/, $tail);
+
+    my $path=&propath($domain,$uname). '/userfiles/internal/';
+    my $filename = 'studentphoto.'.$ext;
+    if ($type eq 'thumbnail') {
+        $filename = 'studentphoto_tn.'.$ext;
+    }
+    if (-e $path.$filename) {
+	&Reply($client,"ok\n","$cmd:$tail");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    &mkpath($path);
+    my $file;
+    if ($type eq 'thumbnail') {
+	eval {
+	    local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+	    $file=&localstudentphoto::fetch_thumbnail($domain,$uname);
+	};
+    } else {
+        $file=&localstudentphoto::fetch($domain,$uname);
+    }
+    if (!$file) {
+	&Failure($client,"unavailable\n","$cmd:$tail");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    if (!-e $path.$filename) { &convert_photo($file,$path.$filename); }
+    if (-e $path.$filename) {
+	&Reply($client,"ok\n","$cmd:$tail");
+	return 1;
+    }
+    &Failure($client,"unable_to_convert\n","$cmd:$tail");
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("studentphoto", \&student_photo_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+# mkpath makes all directories for a file, expects an absolute path with a
+# file or a trailing / if just a dir is passed
+# returns 1 on success 0 on failure
+sub mkpath {
+    my ($file)=@_;
+    my @parts=split(/\//,$file,-1);
+    my $now=$parts[0].'/'.$parts[1].'/'.$parts[2];
+    for (my $i=3;$i<= ($#parts-1);$i++) {
+	$now.='/'.$parts[$i]; 
+	if (!-e $now) {
+	    if  (!mkdir($now,0770)) { return 0; }
+	}
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
 #---------------------------------------------------------------
 #
 #   Getting, decoding and dispatching requests:
 #
-
 #
 #   Get a Request:
 #   Gets a Request message from the client.  The transaction
@@ -3408,11 +4682,27 @@ sub process_request {
                                 # fix all the userinput -> user_input.
     my $wasenc    = 0;		# True if request was encrypted.
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ See if encrypted
+    # for command
+    # sethost:<server>
+    # <command>:<args>
+    #   we just send it to the processor
+    # for
+    # sethost:<server>:<command>:<args>
+    #  we do the implict set host and then do the command
+    if ($userinput =~ /^sethost:/) {
+	(my $cmd,my $newid,$userinput) = split(':',$userinput,3);
+	if (defined($userinput)) {
+	    &sethost("$cmd:$newid");
+	} else {
+	    $userinput = "$cmd:$newid";
+	}
+    }
+
     if ($userinput =~ /^enc/) {
 	$userinput = decipher($userinput);
 	$wasenc=1;
 	if(!$userinput) {	# Cipher not defined.
-	    &Failure($client, "error: Encrypted data without negotated key");
+	    &Failure($client, "error: Encrypted data without negotated key\n");
 	    return 0;
 	}
     }
@@ -3482,157 +4772,7 @@ sub process_request {
 
     }    
 
-#------------------- Commands not yet in spearate handlers. --------------
-
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------- setannounce
-    if ($userinput =~ /^setannounce/) {
-	if (isClient) {
-	    my ($cmd,$announcement)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-	    chomp($announcement);
-	    $announcement=&unescape($announcement);
-	    if (my $store=IO::File->new('>'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.
-					'/announcement.txt')) {
-		print $store $announcement;
-		close $store;
-		print $client "ok\n";
-	    } else {
-		print $client "error: ".($!+0)."\n";
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    Reply($client, "refused\n", $userinput);
-	    
-	}
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ Hanging up
-    } elsif (($userinput =~ /^exit/) ||
-	     ($userinput =~ /^init/)) { # no restrictions.
-	&logthis(
-		 "Client $clientip ($clientname) hanging up: $userinput");
-	print $client "bye\n";
-	$client->shutdown(2);        # shutdown the socket forcibly.
-	$client->close();
-	return 0;
-	
-# ---------------------------------- set current host/domain
-    } elsif ($userinput =~ /^sethost/) {
-	if (isClient) {
-	    print $client &sethost($userinput)."\n";
-	} else {
-	    print $client "refused\n";
-	}
-#---------------------------------- request file (?) version.
-    } elsif ($userinput =~/^version/) {
-	if (isClient) {
-	    print $client &version($userinput)."\n";
-	} else {
-	    print $client "refused\n";
-	}
-#------------------------------- is auto-enrollment enabled?
-    } elsif ($userinput =~/^autorun/) {
-	if (isClient) {
-	    my ($cmd,$cdom) = split(/:/,$userinput);
-	    my $outcome = &localenroll::run($cdom);
-	    print $client "$outcome\n";
-	} else {
-	    print $client "0\n";
-	}
-#------------------------------- get official sections (for auto-enrollment).
-    } elsif ($userinput =~/^autogetsections/) {
-	if (isClient) {
-	    my ($cmd,$coursecode,$cdom)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-	    my @secs = &localenroll::get_sections($coursecode,$cdom);
-	    my $seclist = &escape(join(':',@secs));
-	    print $client "$seclist\n";
-	} else {
-	    print $client "refused\n";
-	}
-#----------------------- validate owner of new course section (for auto-enrollment).
-    } elsif ($userinput =~/^autonewcourse/) {
-	if (isClient) {
-	    my ($cmd,$inst_course_id,$owner,$cdom)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-	    my $outcome = &localenroll::new_course($inst_course_id,$owner,$cdom);
-	    print $client "$outcome\n";
-	} else {
-	    print $client "refused\n";
-	}
-#-------------- validate course section in schedule of classes (for auto-enrollment).
-    } elsif ($userinput =~/^autovalidatecourse/) {
-	if (isClient) {
-	    my ($cmd,$inst_course_id,$cdom)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-	    my $outcome=&localenroll::validate_courseID($inst_course_id,$cdom);
-	    print $client "$outcome\n";
-	} else {
-	    print $client "refused\n";
-	}
-#--------------------------- create password for new user (for auto-enrollment).
-    } elsif ($userinput =~/^autocreatepassword/) {
-	if (isClient) {
-	    my ($cmd,$authparam,$cdom)=split(/:/,$userinput);
-	    my ($create_passwd,$authchk);
-	    ($authparam,$create_passwd,$authchk) = &localenroll::create_password($authparam,$cdom);
-	    print $client &escape($authparam.':'.$create_passwd.':'.$authchk)."\n";
-	} else {
-	    print $client "refused\n";
-	}
-#---------------------------  read and remove temporary files (for auto-enrollment).
-    } elsif ($userinput =~/^autoretrieve/) {
-	if (isClient) {
-	    my ($cmd,$filename) = split(/:/,$userinput);
-	    my $source = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename;
-	    if ( (-e $source) && ($filename ne '') ) {
-		my $reply = '';
-		if (open(my $fh,$source)) {
-		    while (<$fh>) {
-			chomp($_);
-			$_ =~ s/^\s+//g;
-			$_ =~ s/\s+$//g;
-			$reply .= $_;
-		    }
-		    close($fh);
-		    print $client &escape($reply)."\n";
-#                                unlink($source);
-		} else {
-		    print $client "error\n";
-		}
-	    } else {
-		print $client "error\n";
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    print $client "refused\n";
-	}
-#---------------------  read and retrieve institutional code format (for support form).
-    } elsif ($userinput =~/^autoinstcodeformat/) {
-	if (isClient) {
-	    my $reply;
-	    my($cmd,$cdom,$course) = split(/:/,$userinput);
-	    my @pairs = split/\&/,$course;
-	    my %instcodes = ();
-	    my %codes = ();
-	    my @codetitles = ();
-	    my %cat_titles = ();
-	    my %cat_order = ();
-	    foreach (@pairs) {
-		my ($key,$value) = split/=/,$_;
-		$instcodes{&unescape($key)} = &unescape($value);
-	    }
-	    my $formatreply = &localenroll::instcode_format($cdom,\%instcodes,\%codes,\@codetitles,\%cat_titles,\%cat_order);
-	    if ($formatreply eq 'ok') {
-		my $codes_str = &hash2str(%codes);
-		my $codetitles_str = &array2str(@codetitles);
-		my $cat_titles_str = &hash2str(%cat_titles);
-		my $cat_order_str = &hash2str(%cat_order);
-		print $client $codes_str.':'.$codetitles_str.':'.$cat_titles_str.':'.$cat_order_str."\n";
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    print $client "refused\n";
-	}
-# ------------------------------------------------------------- unknown command
-	
-    } else {
-	# unknown command
-	print $client "unknown_cmd\n";
-    }
+    print $client "unknown_cmd\n";
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- complete
     Debug("process_request - returning 1");
     return 1;
@@ -3893,13 +5033,27 @@ sub ReadHostTable {
     open (CONFIG,"$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab") || die "Can't read host file";
     my $myloncapaname = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
     Debug("My loncapa name is : $myloncapaname");
+    my %name_to_ip;
     while (my $configline=<CONFIG>) {
-	if (!($configline =~ /^\s*\#/)) {
-	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip)=split(/:/,$configline);
-	    chomp($ip); $ip=~s/\D+$//;
+	if ($configline !~ /^\s*\#/ && $configline !~ /^\s*$/ ) {
+	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name)=split(/:/,$configline);
+	    $name=~s/\s//g;
+	    my $ip;
+	    if (!exists($name_to_ip{$name})) {
+		$ip = gethostbyname($name);
+		if (!$ip || length($ip) ne 4) {
+		    &logthis("Skipping host $id name $name no IP found\n");
+		    next;
+		}
+		$ip=inet_ntoa($ip);
+		$name_to_ip{$name} = $ip;
+	    } else {
+		$ip = $name_to_ip{$name};
+	    }
 	    $hostid{$ip}=$id;         # LonCAPA name of host by IP.
 	    $hostdom{$id}=$domain;    # LonCAPA domain name of host. 
-	    $hostip{$id}=$ip;	      # IP address of host.
+	    $hostname{$id}=$name;     # LonCAPA name -> DNS name
+	    $hostip{$id}=$ip;         # IP address of host.
 	    $hostdns{$name} = $id;    # LonCAPA name of host by DNS.
 
 	    if ($id eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) { 
@@ -4036,8 +5190,6 @@ sub Reply {
     Debug("Request was $request  Reply was $reply");
 
     $Transactions++;
-
-
 }
 
 
@@ -4080,7 +5232,7 @@ sub logstatus {
 	flock(LOG,LOCK_EX);
 	print LOG $$."\t".$clientname."\t".$currenthostid."\t"
 	    .$status."\t".$lastlog."\t $keymode\n";
-	flock(DB,LOCK_UN);
+	flock(LOG,LOCK_UN);
 	close(LOG);
     }
     &status("Finished logging");
@@ -4109,22 +5261,6 @@ sub status {
     $0='lond: '.$what.' '.$local;
 }
 
-# -------------------------------------------------------- Escape Special Chars
-
-sub escape {
-    my $str=shift;
-    $str =~ s/(\W)/"%".unpack('H2',$1)/eg;
-    return $str;
-}
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------- Un-Escape Special Chars
-
-sub unescape {
-    my $str=shift;
-    $str =~ s/%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])/pack("C",hex($1))/eg;
-    return $str;
-}
-
 # ----------------------------------------------------------- Send USR1 to lonc
 
 sub reconlonc {
@@ -4151,12 +5287,12 @@ sub reconlonc {
 
 sub subreply {
     my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
-    my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server";
+    my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/".$hostname{$server};
     my $sclient=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    =>"$peerfile",
                                       Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
                                       Timeout => 10)
        or return "con_lost";
-    print $sclient "$cmd\n";
+    print $sclient "sethost:$server:$cmd\n";
     my $answer=<$sclient>;
     chomp($answer);
     if (!$answer) { $answer="con_lost"; }
@@ -4172,7 +5308,7 @@ sub reply {
 	$answer=subreply("ping",$server);
         if ($answer ne $server) {
 	    &logthis("sub reply: answer != server answer is $answer, server is $server");
-           &reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server");
+           &reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/".$hostname{$server});
         }
         $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
     }
@@ -4199,25 +5335,13 @@ sub sub_sql_reply {
                                       Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
                                       Timeout => 10)
        or return "con_lost";
-    print $sclient "$cmd\n";
+    print $sclient "$cmd:$currentdomainid\n";
     my $answer=<$sclient>;
     chomp($answer);
     if (!$answer) { $answer="con_lost"; }
     return $answer;
 }
 
-# -------------------------------------------- Return path to profile directory
-
-sub propath {
-    my ($udom,$uname)=@_;
-    $udom=~s/\W//g;
-    $uname=~s/\W//g;
-    my $subdir=$uname.'__';
-    $subdir =~ s/(.)(.)(.).*/$1\/$2\/$3/;
-    my $proname="$perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}/$udom/$subdir/$uname";
-    return $proname;
-} 
-
 # --------------------------------------- Is this the home server of an author?
 
 sub ishome {
@@ -4265,6 +5389,8 @@ $SIG{USR2} = \&UpdateHosts;
 
 ReadHostTable;
 
+my $dist=`$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/distprobe`;
+
 # --------------------------------------------------------------
 #   Accept connections.  When a connection comes in, it is validated
 #   and if good, a child process is created to process transactions
@@ -4311,8 +5437,6 @@ sub make_new_child {
     if (defined($iaddr)) {
 	$clientip  = inet_ntoa($iaddr);
 	Debug("Connected with $clientip");
-	$clientdns = gethostbyaddr($iaddr, AF_INET);
-	Debug("Connected with $clientdns by name");
     } else {
 	&logthis("Unable to determine clientip");
 	$clientip='Unavailable';
@@ -4342,7 +5466,10 @@ sub make_new_child {
 #        my $tmpsnum=0;            # Now global
 #---------------------------------------------------- kerberos 5 initialization
         &Authen::Krb5::init_context();
-        &Authen::Krb5::init_ets();
+	unless (($dist eq 'fedora5') || ($dist eq 'fedora4') 
+		|| ($dist eq 'suse9.3')) {
+	    &Authen::Krb5::init_ets();
+	}
 
 	&status('Accepted connection');
 # =============================================================================
@@ -4352,18 +5479,23 @@ sub make_new_child {
 
 	ReadManagerTable;	# May also be a manager!!
 	
-	my $clientrec=($hostid{$clientip}     ne undef);
-	my $ismanager=($managers{$clientip}    ne undef);
+	my $outsideip=$clientip;
+	if ($clientip eq '127.0.0.1') {
+	    $outsideip=$hostip{$perlvar{'lonHostID'}};
+	}
+
+	my $clientrec=($hostid{$outsideip}     ne undef);
+	my $ismanager=($managers{$outsideip}    ne undef);
 	$clientname  = "[unknonwn]";
 	if($clientrec) {	# Establish client type.
 	    $ConnectionType = "client";
-	    $clientname = $hostid{$clientip};
+	    $clientname = $hostid{$outsideip};
 	    if($ismanager) {
 		$ConnectionType = "both";
 	    }
 	} else {
 	    $ConnectionType = "manager";
-	    $clientname = $managers{$clientip};
+	    $clientname = $managers{$outsideip};
 	}
 	my $clientok;
 
@@ -4376,7 +5508,7 @@ sub make_new_child {
 	    my $remotereq=<$client>;
 	    chomp($remotereq);
 	    Debug("Got init: $remotereq");
-	    my $inikeyword = split(/:/, $remotereq);
+
 	    if ($remotereq =~ /^init/) {
 		&sethost("sethost:$perlvar{'lonHostID'}");
 		#
@@ -4471,7 +5603,7 @@ sub make_new_child {
 		    # no need to try to do recon's to myself
 		    next;
 		}
-		&reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$id");
+		&reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/".$hostname{$id});
 	    }
 	    &logthis("<font color='green'>Established connection: $clientname</font>");
 	    &status('Will listen to '.$clientname);
@@ -4507,8 +5639,38 @@ sub make_new_child {
     exit;
     
 }
+#
+#   Determine if a user is an author for the indicated domain.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    domain          - domain to check in .
+#    user            - Name of user to check.
+#
+# Return:
+#     1             - User is an author for domain.
+#     0             - User is not an author for domain.
+sub is_author {
+    my ($domain, $user) = @_;
+
+    &Debug("is_author: $user @ $domain");
+
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($domain, $user, "roles",
+				 &GDBM_READER());
+
+    #  Author role should show up as a key /domain/_au
 
+    my $key    = "/$domain/_au";
+    my $value;
+    if (defined($hashref)) {
+	$value = $hashref->{$key};
+    }
+
+    if(defined($value)) {
+	&Debug("$user @ $domain is an author");
+    }
 
+    return defined($value);
+}
 #
 #   Checks to see if the input roleput request was to set
 # an author role.  If so, invokes the lchtmldir script to set
@@ -4520,16 +5682,17 @@ sub make_new_child {
 #    user      - Name of the user for which the role is being put.
 #    authtype  - The authentication type associated with the user.
 #
-sub manage_permissions
-{
-
+sub manage_permissions {
     my ($request, $domain, $user, $authtype) = @_;
 
+    &Debug("manage_permissions: $request $domain $user $authtype");
+
     # See if the request is of the form /$domain/_au
-    if($request =~ /^(\/$domain\/_au)$/) { # It's an author rolesput...
+    if($request =~ /^(\/\Q$domain\E\/_au)$/) { # It's an author rolesput...
 	my $execdir = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
 	my $userhome= "/home/$user" ;
 	&logthis("system $execdir/lchtmldir $userhome $user $authtype");
+	&Debug("Setting homedir permissions for $userhome");
 	system("$execdir/lchtmldir $userhome $user $authtype");
     }
 }
@@ -4545,12 +5708,7 @@ sub manage_permissions
 #
 sub password_path {
     my ($domain, $user) = @_;
-
-
-    my $path   = &propath($domain, $user);
-    $path  .= "/passwd";
-
-    return $path;
+    return &propath($domain, $user).'/passwd';
 }
 
 #   Password Filename
@@ -4625,12 +5783,7 @@ sub get_auth_type
 	Debug("Password info = $realpassword\n");
 	my ($authtype, $contentpwd) = split(/:/, $realpassword);
 	Debug("Authtype = $authtype, content = $contentpwd\n");
-	my $availinfo = '';
-	if($authtype eq 'krb4' or $authtype eq 'krb5') {
-	    $availinfo = $contentpwd;
-	}
-
-	return "$authtype:$availinfo";
+	return "$authtype:$contentpwd";     
     } else {
 	Debug("Returning nouser");
 	return "nouser";
@@ -4663,7 +5816,8 @@ sub validate_user {
     # At the end of this function. I'll ensure that it's not still that
     # value so we don't just wind up returning some accidental value
     # as a result of executing an unforseen code path that
-    # did not set $validated.
+    # did not set $validated.  At the end of valid execution paths,
+    # validated shoule be 1 for success or 0 for failuer.
 
     my $validated = -3.14159;
 
@@ -4727,7 +5881,7 @@ sub validate_user {
 		my $krbserver  = &Authen::Krb5::parse_name($krbservice);
 		my $credentials= &Authen::Krb5::cc_default();
 		$credentials->initialize($krbclient);
-		my $krbreturn  = &Authen::KRb5::get_in_tkt_with_password($krbclient,
+		my $krbreturn  = &Authen::Krb5::get_in_tkt_with_password($krbclient,
 									 $krbserver,
 									 $password,
 									 $credentials);
@@ -4739,7 +5893,12 @@ sub validate_user {
 	    #  Authenticate via installation specific authentcation method:
 	    $validated = &localauth::localauth($user, 
 					       $password, 
-					       $contentpwd);
+					       $contentpwd,
+					       $domain);
+	    if ($validated < 0) {
+		&logthis("localauth for $contentpwd $user:$domain returned a $validated");
+		$validated = 0;
+	    }
 	} else {			# Unrecognized auth is also bad.
 	    $validated = 0;
 	}
@@ -4751,7 +5910,11 @@ sub validate_user {
     #
 
     unless ($validated != -3.14159) {
-	die "ValidateUser - failed to set the value of validated";
+	#  I >really really< want to know if this happens.
+	#  since it indicates that user authentication is badly
+	#  broken in some code path.
+        #
+	die "ValidateUser - failed to set the value of validated $domain, $user $password";
     }
     return $validated;
 }
@@ -4761,8 +5924,7 @@ sub addline {
     my ($fname,$hostid,$ip,$newline)=@_;
     my $contents;
     my $found=0;
-    my $expr='^'.$hostid.':'.$ip.':';
-    $expr =~ s/\./\\\./g;
+    my $expr='^'.quotemeta($hostid).':'.quotemeta($ip).':';
     my $sh;
     if ($sh=IO::File->new("$fname.subscription")) {
 	while (my $subline=<$sh>) {
@@ -4778,39 +5940,51 @@ sub addline {
 }
 
 sub get_chat {
-    my ($cdom,$cname,$udom,$uname)=@_;
-    my %hash;
-    my $proname=&propath($cdom,$cname);
+    my ($cdom,$cname,$udom,$uname,$group)=@_;
+
     my @entries=();
-    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/nohist_chatroom.db",
-	    &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-	@entries=map { $_.':'.$hash{$_} } sort keys %hash;
-	untie %hash;
+    my $namespace = 'nohist_chatroom';
+    my $namespace_inroom = 'nohist_inchatroom';
+    if ($group ne '') {
+        $namespace .= '_'.$group;
+        $namespace_inroom .= '_'.$group;
+    }
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($cdom, $cname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_READER());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	@entries=map { $_.':'.$hashref->{$_} } sort(keys(%$hashref));
+	&untie_user_hash($hashref);
     }
     my @participants=();
     my $cutoff=time-60;
-    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/nohist_inchatroom.db",
-	    &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-        $hash{$uname.':'.$udom}=time;
-        foreach (sort keys %hash) {
-	    if ($hash{$_}>$cutoff) {
-		$participants[$#participants+1]='active_participant:'.$_;
+    $hashref = &tie_user_hash($cdom, $cname, $namespace_inroom,
+			      &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        $hashref->{$uname.':'.$udom}=time;
+        foreach my $user (sort(keys(%$hashref))) {
+	    if ($hashref->{$user}>$cutoff) {
+		push(@participants, 'active_participant:'.$user);
             }
         }
-        untie %hash;
+        &untie_user_hash($hashref);
     }
     return (@participants,@entries);
 }
 
 sub chat_add {
-    my ($cdom,$cname,$newchat)=@_;
-    my %hash;
-    my $proname=&propath($cdom,$cname);
+    my ($cdom,$cname,$newchat,$group)=@_;
     my @entries=();
     my $time=time;
-    if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',"$proname/nohist_chatroom.db",
-	    &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-	@entries=map { $_.':'.$hash{$_} } sort keys %hash;
+    my $namespace = 'nohist_chatroom';
+    my $logfile = 'chatroom.log';
+    if ($group ne '') {
+        $namespace .= '_'.$group;
+        $logfile = 'chatroom_'.$group.'.log';
+    }
+    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($cdom, $cname, $namespace,
+				 &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+	@entries=map { $_.':'.$hashref->{$_} } sort(keys(%$hashref));
 	my ($lastid)=($entries[$#entries]=~/^(\w+)\:/);
 	my ($thentime,$idnum)=split(/\_/,$lastid);
 	my $newid=$time.'_000000';
@@ -4820,21 +5994,22 @@ sub chat_add {
 	    $idnum=substr('000000'.$idnum,-6,6);
 	    $newid=$time.'_'.$idnum;
 	}
-	$hash{$newid}=$newchat;
+	$hashref->{$newid}=$newchat;
 	my $expired=$time-3600;
-	foreach (keys %hash) {
-	    my ($thistime)=($_=~/(\d+)\_/);
+	foreach my $comment (keys(%$hashref)) {
+	    my ($thistime) = ($comment=~/(\d+)\_/);
 	    if ($thistime<$expired) {
-		delete $hash{$_};
+		delete $hashref->{$comment};
 	    }
 	}
-	untie %hash;
-    }
-    {
-	my $hfh;
-	if ($hfh=IO::File->new(">>$proname/chatroom.log")) { 
-	    print $hfh "$time:".&unescape($newchat)."\n";
+	{
+	    my $proname=&propath($cdom,$cname);
+	    if (open(CHATLOG,">>$proname/$logfile")) { 
+		print CHATLOG ("$time:".&unescape($newchat)."\n");
+	    }
+	    close(CHATLOG);
 	}
+	&untie_user_hash($hashref);
     }
 }
 
@@ -4923,7 +6098,7 @@ sub thisversion {
 sub subscribe {
     my ($userinput,$clientip)=@_;
     my $result;
-    my ($cmd,$fname)=split(/:/,$userinput);
+    my ($cmd,$fname)=split(/:/,$userinput,2);
     my $ownership=&ishome($fname);
     if ($ownership eq 'owner') {
 # explitly asking for the current version?
@@ -4967,6 +6142,35 @@ sub subscribe {
     }
     return $result;
 }
+#  Change the passwd of a unix user.  The caller must have
+#  first verified that the user is a loncapa user.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    user      - Unix user name to change.
+#    pass      - New password for the user.
+# Returns:
+#    ok    - if success
+#    other - Some meaningfule error message string.
+# NOTE:
+#    invokes a setuid script to change the passwd.
+sub change_unix_password {
+    my ($user, $pass) = @_;
+
+    &Debug("change_unix_password");
+    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+    &Debug("Opening lcpasswd pipeline");
+    my $pf = IO::File->new("|$execdir/lcpasswd > "
+			   ."$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}"
+			   ."/logs/lcpasswd.log");
+    print $pf "$user\n$pass\n$pass\n";
+    close $pf;
+    my $err = $?;
+    return ($err < @passwderrors) ? $passwderrors[$err] : 
+	"pwchange_falure - unknown error";
+
+    
+}
+
 
 sub make_passwd_file {
     my ($uname, $umode,$npass,$passfilename)=@_;
@@ -4974,7 +6178,11 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
     if ($umode eq 'krb4' or $umode eq 'krb5') {
 	{
 	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "$umode:$npass\n";
+	    if ($pf) {
+		print $pf "$umode:$npass\n";
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'internal') {
 	my $salt=time;
@@ -4983,12 +6191,20 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
 	{
 	    &Debug("Creating internal auth");
 	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "internal:$ncpass\n"; 
+	    if($pf) {
+		print $pf "internal:$ncpass\n"; 
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'localauth') {
 	{
 	    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-	    print $pf "localauth:$npass\n";
+	    if($pf) {
+		print $pf "localauth:$npass\n";
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'unix') {
 	{
@@ -5014,26 +6230,40 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
 		print $se "$npass\n";
 		print $se "$lc_error_file\n"; # Status -> unique file.
 	    }
-	    my $error = IO::File->new("< $lc_error_file");
-	    my $useraddok = <$error>;
-	    $error->close;
-	    unlink($lc_error_file);
-
-	    chomp $useraddok;
-
-	    if($useraddok > 0) {
-		my $error_text = &lcuseraddstrerror($useraddok);
-		&logthis("Failed lcuseradd: $error_text");
-		$result = "lcuseradd_failed:$error_text\n";
+	    if (-r $lc_error_file) {
+		&Debug("Opening error file: $lc_error_file");
+		my $error = IO::File->new("< $lc_error_file");
+		my $useraddok = <$error>;
+		$error->close;
+		unlink($lc_error_file);
+		
+		chomp $useraddok;
+	
+		if($useraddok > 0) {
+		    my $error_text = &lcuseraddstrerror($useraddok);
+		    &logthis("Failed lcuseradd: $error_text");
+		    $result = "lcuseradd_failed:$error_text\n";
+		}  else {
+		    my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
+		    if($pf) {
+			print $pf "unix:\n";
+		    } else {
+			$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+		    }
+		}
 	    }  else {
-		my $pf = IO::File->new(">$passfilename");
-		print $pf "unix:\n";
+		&Debug("Could not locate lcuseradd error: $lc_error_file");
+		$result="bug_lcuseradd_no_output_file";
 	    }
 	}
     } elsif ($umode eq 'none') {
 	{
 	    my $pf = IO::File->new("> $passfilename");
-	    print $pf "none:\n";
+	    if($pf) {
+		print $pf "none:\n";
+	    } else {
+		$result = "pass_file_failed_error";
+	    }
 	}
     } else {
 	$result="auth_mode_error\n";
@@ -5041,9 +6271,19 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
     return $result;
 }
 
+sub convert_photo {
+    my ($start,$dest)=@_;
+    system("convert $start $dest");
+}
+
 sub sethost {
     my ($remotereq) = @_;
     my (undef,$hostid)=split(/:/,$remotereq);
+    # ignore sethost if we are already correct
+    if ($hostid eq $currenthostid) {
+	return 'ok';
+    }
+
     if (!defined($hostid)) { $hostid=$perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
     if ($hostip{$perlvar{'lonHostID'}} eq $hostip{$hostid}) {
 	$currenthostid  =$hostid;
@@ -5469,7 +6709,6 @@ to the client, and the connection is clo
 IO::Socket
 IO::File
 Apache::File
-Symbol
 POSIX
 Crypt::IDEA
 LWP::UserAgent()