--- loncom/lond	2007/11/12 22:54:42	1.390
+++ loncom/lond	2012/04/26 19:51:40	1.492
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network
 # lond "LON Daemon" Server (port "LOND" 5663)
 #
-# $Id: lond,v 1.390 2007/11/12 22:54:42 raeburn Exp $
+# $Id: lond,v 1.492 2012/04/26 19:51:40 droeschl Exp $
 #
 # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
 #
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #
 # LON-CAPA is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ use strict;
 use lib '/home/httpd/lib/perl/';
 use LONCAPA;
 use LONCAPA::Configuration;
+use LONCAPA::Lond;
 
 use IO::Socket;
 use IO::File;
@@ -42,7 +44,6 @@ use Crypt::IDEA;
 use LWP::UserAgent();
 use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex);
 use GDBM_File;
-use Authen::Krb4;
 use Authen::Krb5;
 use localauth;
 use localenroll;
@@ -53,13 +54,14 @@ use LONCAPA::lonlocal;
 use LONCAPA::lonssl;
 use Fcntl qw(:flock);
 use Apache::lonnet;
+use Mail::Send;
 
 my $DEBUG = 0;		       # Non zero to enable debug log entries.
 
 my $status='';
 my $lastlog='';
 
-my $VERSION='$Revision: 1.390 $'; #' stupid emacs
+my $VERSION='$Revision: 1.492 $'; #' stupid emacs
 my $remoteVERSION;
 my $currenthostid="default";
 my $currentdomainid;
@@ -67,6 +69,9 @@ my $currentdomainid;
 my $client;
 my $clientip;			# IP address of client.
 my $clientname;			# LonCAPA name of client.
+my $clientversion;              # LonCAPA version running on client.
+my $clienthomedom;              # LonCAPA domain of homeID for client. 
+                                # primary library server. 
 
 my $server;
 
@@ -88,6 +93,8 @@ my %managers;			# Ip -> manager names
 
 my %perlvar;			# Will have the apache conf defined perl vars.
 
+my $dist;
+
 #
 #   The hash below is used for command dispatching, and is therefore keyed on the request keyword.
 #    Each element of the hash contains a reference to an array that contains:
@@ -142,6 +149,16 @@ my @adderrors    = ("ok",
 		    "lcuseradd Password mismatch");
 
 
+# This array are the errors from lcinstallfile:
+
+my @installerrors = ("ok",
+		     "Initial user id of client not that of www",
+		     "Usage error, not enough command line arguments",
+		     "Source file name does not exist",
+		     "Destination file name does not exist",
+		     "Some file operation failed",
+		     "Invalid table filename."
+		     );
 
 #
 #   Statistics that are maintained and dislayed in the status line.
@@ -398,6 +415,7 @@ sub isClient {
 #
 sub ReadManagerTable {
 
+    &Debug("Reading manager table");
     #   Clean out the old table first..
 
    foreach my $key (keys %managers) {
@@ -406,8 +424,11 @@ sub ReadManagerTable {
 
    my $tablename = $perlvar{'lonTabDir'}."/managers.tab";
    if (!open (MANAGERS, $tablename)) {
-      logthis('<font color="red">No manager table.  Nobody can manage!!</font>');
-      return;
+       my $hostname = &Apache::lonnet::hostname($perlvar{'lonHostID'});
+       if (&Apache::lonnet::is_LC_dns($hostname)) {
+           &logthis('<font color="red">No manager table.  Nobody can manage!!</font>');
+       }
+       return;
    }
    while(my $host = <MANAGERS>) {
       chomp($host);
@@ -432,7 +453,7 @@ sub ReadManagerTable {
          }
       } else {
          logthis('<font color="green"> existing host'." $host</font>\n");
-         $managers{&Apache::lonnet::get_host_ip($host)} = $host;  # Use info from cluster tab if clumemeber
+         $managers{&Apache::lonnet::get_host_ip($host)} = $host;  # Use info from cluster tab if cluster memeber
       }
    }
 }
@@ -494,7 +515,8 @@ sub AdjustHostContents {
     my $me        = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
 
     foreach my $line (split(/\n/,$contents)) {
-	if(!(($line eq "") || ($line =~ /^ *\#/) || ($line =~ /^ *$/))) {
+	if(!(($line eq "") || ($line =~ /^ *\#/) || ($line =~ /^ *$/) ||
+             ($line =~ /^\s*\^/))) {
 	    chomp($line);
 	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip,$maxcon,$idleto,$mincon)=split(/:/,$line);
 	    if ($id eq $me) {
@@ -520,11 +542,9 @@ sub AdjustHostContents {
 }
 #
 #   InstallFile: Called to install an administrative file:
-#       - The file is created with <name>.tmp
-#       - The <name>.tmp file is then mv'd to <name>
-#   This lugubrious procedure is done to ensure that we are never without
-#   a valid, even if dated, version of the file regardless of who crashes
-#   and when the crash occurs.
+#       - The file is created int a temp directory called <name>.tmp
+#       - lcinstall file is called to install the file.
+#         since the web app has no direct write access to the table directory
 #
 #  Parameters:
 #       Name of the file
@@ -532,11 +552,16 @@ sub AdjustHostContents {
 #  Return:
 #      nonzero - success.
 #      0       - failure and $! has an errno.
+# Assumptions:
+#    File installtion is a relatively infrequent
 #
 sub InstallFile {
 
     my ($Filename, $Contents) = @_;
-    my $TempFile = $Filename.".tmp";
+#     my $TempFile = $Filename.".tmp";
+    my $exedir = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+    my $tmpdir = $exedir.'/tmp/';
+    my $TempFile = $tmpdir."TempTableFile.tmp";
 
     #  Open the file for write:
 
@@ -550,11 +575,27 @@ sub InstallFile {
     print $fh ($Contents); 
     $fh->close;			# In case we ever have a filesystem w. locking
 
-    chmod(0660, $TempFile);
+    chmod(0664, $TempFile);	# Everyone can write it.
 
-    # Now we can move install the file in position.
-    
-    move($TempFile, $Filename);
+    # Use lcinstall file to put the file in the table directory...
+
+    &Debug("Opening pipe to $exedir/lcinstallfile $TempFile $Filename");
+    my $pf = IO::File->new("| $exedir/lcinstallfile   $TempFile $Filename > $exedir/logs/lcinstallfile.log");
+    close $pf;
+    my $err = $?;
+    &Debug("Status is $err");
+    if ($err != 0) {
+	my $msg = $err;
+	if ($err < @installerrors) {
+	    $msg = $installerrors[$err];
+	}
+	&logthis("Install failed for table file $Filename : $msg");
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    # Remove the temp file:
+
+    unlink($TempFile);
 
     return 1;
 }
@@ -562,8 +603,10 @@ sub InstallFile {
 
 #
 #   ConfigFileFromSelector: converts a configuration file selector
-#                 (one of host or domain at this point) into a 
-#                 configuration file pathname.
+#                 into a configuration file pathname.
+#                 Supports the following file selectors: 
+#                 hosts, domain, dns_hosts, dns_domain  
+#
 #
 #  Parameters:
 #      selector  - Configuration file selector.
@@ -575,15 +618,11 @@ sub ConfigFileFromSelector {
     my $tablefile;
 
     my $tabledir = $perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/';
-    if ($selector eq "hosts") {
-	$tablefile = $tabledir."hosts.tab";
-    } elsif ($selector eq "domain") {
-	$tablefile = $tabledir."domain.tab";
-    } else {
-	return undef;
+    if (($selector eq "hosts") || ($selector eq "domain") || 
+        ($selector eq "dns_hosts") || ($selector eq "dns_domain")) {
+	$tablefile =  $tabledir.$selector.'.tab';
     }
     return $tablefile;
-
 }
 #
 #   PushFile:  Called to do an administrative push of a file.
@@ -603,11 +642,14 @@ sub ConfigFileFromSelector {
 sub PushFile {
     my $request = shift;    
     my ($command, $filename, $contents) = split(":", $request, 3);
+    &Debug("PushFile");
     
     #  At this point in time, pushes for only the following tables are
     #  supported:
     #   hosts.tab  ($filename eq host).
     #   domain.tab ($filename eq domain).
+    #   dns_hosts.tab ($filename eq dns_host).
+    #   dns_domain.tab ($filename eq dns_domain). 
     # Construct the destination filename or reject the request.
     #
     # lonManage is supposed to ensure this, however this session could be
@@ -619,20 +661,7 @@ sub PushFile {
     if(! (defined $tablefile)) {
 	return "refused";
     }
-    #
-    # >copy< the old table to the backup table
-    #        don't rename in case system crashes/reboots etc. in the time
-    #        window between a rename and write.
-    #
-    my $backupfile = $tablefile;
-    $backupfile    =~ s/\.tab$/.old/;
-    if(!CopyFile($tablefile, $backupfile)) {
-	&logthis('<font color="green"> CopyFile from '.$tablefile." to ".$backupfile." failed </font>");
-	return "error:$!";
-    }
-    &logthis('<font color="green"> Pushfile: backed up '
-	    .$tablefile." to $backupfile</font>");
-    
+
     #  If the file being pushed is the host file, we adjust the entry for ourself so that the
     #  IP will be our current IP as looked up in dns.  Note this is only 99% good as it's possible
     #  to conceive of conditions where we don't have a DNS entry locally.  This is possible in a 
@@ -645,17 +674,38 @@ sub PushFile {
 
     #  Install the new file:
 
+    &logthis("Installing new $tablefile contents:\n$contents");
     if(!InstallFile($tablefile, $contents)) {
 	&logthis('<font color="red"> Pushfile: unable to install '
 	 .$tablefile." $! </font>");
 	return "error:$!";
     } else {
 	&logthis('<font color="green"> Installed new '.$tablefile
-		 ."</font>");
-
+		 ." - transaction by: $clientname ($clientip)</font>");
+        my $adminmail = $perlvar{'lonAdmEMail'};
+        my $admindom = &Apache::lonnet::host_domain($perlvar{'lonHostID'});
+        if ($admindom ne '') {
+            my %domconfig =
+                &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['contacts'],$admindom);
+            if (ref($domconfig{'contacts'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if ($domconfig{'contacts'}{'adminemail'} ne '') {
+                    $adminmail = $domconfig{'contacts'}{'adminemail'};
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if ($adminmail =~ /^[^\@]+\@[^\@]+$/) {
+            my $msg = new Mail::Send;
+            $msg->to($adminmail);
+            $msg->subject('LON-CAPA DNS update on '.$perlvar{'lonHostID'});
+            $msg->add('Content-type','text/plain; charset=UTF-8');
+            if (my $fh = $msg->open()) {
+                print $fh 'Update to '.$tablefile.' from Cluster Manager '.
+                          "$clientname ($clientip)\n";
+                $fh->close;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
-
     #  Indicate success:
  
     return "ok";
@@ -951,6 +1001,9 @@ sub read_profile {
 				 &GDBM_READER());
     if ($hashref) {
         my @queries=split(/\&/,$what);
+        if ($namespace eq 'roles') {
+            @queries = map { &unescape($_); } @queries; 
+        }
         my $qresult='';
 	
 	for (my $i=0;$i<=$#queries;$i++) {
@@ -1044,7 +1097,7 @@ sub pong_handler {
 #  Implicit Inputs:
 #      $currenthostid - Global variable that carries the name of the host
 #                       known as.
-#      $clientname    - Global variable that carries the name of the hsot we're connected to.
+#      $clientname    - Global variable that carries the name of the host we're connected to.
 #  Returns:
 #      1       - Ok to continue processing.
 #      0       - Program should exit.
@@ -1083,7 +1136,7 @@ sub establish_key_handler {
 #  Implicit Inputs:
 #      $currenthostid - Global variable that carries the name of the host
 #                       known as.
-#      $clientname    - Global variable that carries the name of the hsot we're connected to.
+#      $clientname    - Global variable that carries the name of the host we're connected to.
 #  Returns:
 #      1       - Ok to continue processing.
 #      0       - Program should exit.
@@ -1092,6 +1145,8 @@ sub establish_key_handler {
 sub load_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $replyfd) = @_;
 
+
+
    # Get the load average from /proc/loadavg and calculate it as a percentage of
    # the allowed load limit as set by the perl global variable lonLoadLim
 
@@ -1120,7 +1175,7 @@ sub load_handler {
 #  Implicit Inputs:
 #      $currenthostid - Global variable that carries the name of the host
 #                       known as.
-#      $clientname    - Global variable that carries the name of the hsot we're connected to.
+#      $clientname    - Global variable that carries the name of the host we're connected to.
 #  Returns:
 #      1       - Ok to continue processing.
 #      0       - Program should exit
@@ -1198,7 +1253,7 @@ sub user_authorization_type {
 #    a reply is written to the client.
 sub push_file_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
-
+    &Debug("In push file handler");
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
     # At this time we only know that the IP of our partner is a valid manager
@@ -1206,7 +1261,8 @@ sub push_file_handler {
     # spoofing).
 
     my $cert = &GetCertificate($userinput);
-    if(&ValidManager($cert)) { 
+    if(&ValidManager($cert)) {
+	&Debug("Valid manager: $client");
 
 	# Now presumably we have the bona fides of both the peer host and the
 	# process making the request.
@@ -1215,14 +1271,17 @@ sub push_file_handler {
 	&Reply($client, \$reply, $userinput);
 
     } else {
+	&logthis("push_file_handler $client is not valid");
 	&Failure( $client, "refused\n", $userinput);
     } 
     return 1;
 }
 &register_handler("pushfile", \&push_file_handler, 1, 0, 1);
 
+# The du_handler routine should be considered obsolete and is retained
+# for communication with legacy servers.  Please see the du2_handler.
 #
-#   du  - list the disk usuage of a directory recursively. 
+#   du  - list the disk usage of a directory recursively. 
 #    
 #   note: stolen code from the ls file handler
 #   under construction by Rick Banghart 
@@ -1272,9 +1331,73 @@ sub du_handler {
 }
 &register_handler("du", \&du_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
+# Please also see the du_handler, which is obsoleted by du2. 
+# du2_handler differs from du_handler in that required path to directory
+# provided by &propath() is prepended in the handler instead of on the 
+# client side.
 #
-# The ls_handler routine should be considered obosolete and is retained
-# for communication with legacy servers.  Please see the ls2_handler.
+#   du2  - list the disk usage of a directory recursively.
+#
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - The command that dispatched us (du).
+#    $tail       - The tail of the request that invoked us.
+#                  $tail is a : separated list of the following:
+#                   - $ududir - directory path to list (before prepending)
+#                   - $getpropath = 1 if &propath() should prepend
+#                   - $uname - username to use for &propath or user dir
+#                   - $udom - domain to use for &propath or user dir
+#                   All are escaped.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#     1 - indicating that the daemon should not disconnect.
+# Side Effects:
+#   The reply is written to $client.
+#
+
+sub du2_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my ($ududir,$getpropath,$uname,$udom) = map { &unescape($_) } (split(/:/, $tail));
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    if (($ududir=~/\.\./) || (($ududir!~m|^/home/httpd/|) && (!$getpropath))) {
+        &Failure($client,"refused\n","$cmd:$tail");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if ($getpropath) {
+        if (($uname =~ /^$LONCAPA::match_name$/) && ($udom =~ /^$LONCAPA::match_domain$/)) {
+            $ududir = &propath($udom,$uname).'/'.$ududir;
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client,"refused\n","$cmd:$tail");
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    #  Since $ududir could have some nasties in it,
+    #  we will require that ududir is a valid
+    #  directory.  Just in case someone tries to
+    #  slip us a  line like .;(cd /home/httpd rm -rf*)
+    #  etc.
+    #
+    if (-d $ududir) {
+        my $total_size=0;
+        my $code=sub {
+            if ($_=~/\.\d+\./) { return;}
+            if ($_=~/\.meta$/) { return;}
+            if (-d $_)         { return;}
+            $total_size+=(stat($_))[7];
+        };
+        chdir($ududir);
+        find($code,$ududir);
+        $total_size=int($total_size/1024);
+        &Reply($client,\$total_size,"$cmd:$ududir");
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client, "bad_directory:$ududir\n","$cmd:$tail");
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("du2", \&du2_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+#
+# The ls_handler routine should be considered obsolete and is retained
+# for communication with legacy servers.  Please see the ls3_handler.
 #
 #   ls  - list the contents of a directory.  For each file in the
 #    selected directory the filename followed by the full output of
@@ -1340,8 +1463,9 @@ sub ls_handler {
 }
 &register_handler("ls", \&ls_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
-#
-# Please also see the ls_handler, which this routine obosolets.
+# The ls2_handler routine should be considered obsolete and is retained
+# for communication with legacy servers.  Please see the ls3_handler.
+# Please also see the ls_handler, which was itself obsoleted by ls2.
 # ls2_handler differs from ls_handler in that it escapes its return 
 # values before concatenating them together with ':'s.
 #
@@ -1406,6 +1530,244 @@ sub ls2_handler {
    return 1;
 }
 &register_handler("ls2", \&ls2_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+#
+#   ls3  - list the contents of a directory.  For each file in the
+#    selected directory the filename followed by the full output of
+#    the stat function is returned.  The returned info for each
+#    file are separated by ':'.  The stat fields are separated by &'s.
+# Parameters:
+#    $cmd        - The command that dispatched us (ls).
+#    $tail       - The tail of the request that invoked us.
+#                  $tail is a : separated list of the following:
+#                   - $ulsdir - directory path to list (before prepending)
+#                   - $getpropath = 1 if &propath() should prepend
+#                   - $getuserdir = 1 if path to user dir in lonUsers should
+#                                     prepend
+#                   - $alternate_root - path to prepend
+#                   - $uname - username to use for &propath or user dir
+#                   - $udom - domain to use for &propath or user dir
+#            All of these except $getpropath and &getuserdir are escaped.    
+#                  no_such_dir.
+#    $client     - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#     1 - indicating that the daemon should not disconnect.
+# Side Effects:
+#   The reply is written to $client.
+#
+
+sub ls3_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($ulsdir,$getpropath,$getuserdir,$alternate_root,$uname,$udom) =
+        split(/:/,$tail);
+    if (defined($ulsdir)) {
+        $ulsdir = &unescape($ulsdir);
+    }
+    if (defined($alternate_root)) {
+        $alternate_root = &unescape($alternate_root);
+    }
+    if (defined($uname)) {
+        $uname = &unescape($uname);
+    }
+    if (defined($udom)) {
+        $udom = &unescape($udom);
+    }
+
+    my $dir_root = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
+    if ($getpropath) {
+        if (($uname =~ /^$LONCAPA::match_name$/) && ($udom =~ /^$LONCAPA::match_domain$/)) {
+            $dir_root = &propath($udom,$uname);
+            $dir_root =~ s/\/$//;
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client,"refused\n","$cmd:$tail");
+            return 1;
+        }
+    } elsif ($getuserdir) {
+        if (($uname =~ /^$LONCAPA::match_name$/) && ($udom =~ /^$LONCAPA::match_domain$/)) {
+            my $subdir=$uname.'__';
+            $subdir =~ s/(.)(.)(.).*/$1\/$2\/$3/;
+            $dir_root = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}
+                       ."/$udom/$subdir/$uname";
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client,"refused\n","$cmd:$tail");
+            return 1;
+        }
+    } elsif ($alternate_root ne '') {
+        $dir_root = $alternate_root;
+    }
+    if (($dir_root ne '') && ($dir_root ne '/')) {
+        if ($ulsdir =~ /^\//) {
+            $ulsdir = $dir_root.$ulsdir;
+        } else {
+            $ulsdir = $dir_root.'/'.$ulsdir;
+        }
+    }
+    my $obs;
+    my $rights;
+    my $ulsout='';
+    my $ulsfn;
+    if (-e $ulsdir) {
+        if(-d $ulsdir) {
+            if (opendir(LSDIR,$ulsdir)) {
+                while ($ulsfn=readdir(LSDIR)) {
+                    undef($obs);
+                    undef($rights);
+                    my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn);
+                    #We do some obsolete checking here
+                    if(-e $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta") {
+                        open(FILE, $ulsdir.'/'.$ulsfn.".meta");
+                        my @obsolete=<FILE>;
+                        foreach my $obsolete (@obsolete) {
+                            if($obsolete =~ m/(<obsolete>)(on|1)/) { $obs = 1; }
+                            if($obsolete =~ m|(<copyright>)(default)|) {
+                                $rights = 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    my $tmp = $ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats);
+                    if ($obs    eq '1') { $tmp.="&1"; } else { $tmp.="&0"; }
+                    if ($rights eq '1') { $tmp.="&1"; } else { $tmp.="&0"; }
+                    $ulsout.= &escape($tmp).':';
+                }
+                closedir(LSDIR);
+            }
+        } else {
+            my @ulsstats=stat($ulsdir);
+            $ulsout.=$ulsfn.'&'.join('&',@ulsstats).':';
+        }
+    } else {
+        $ulsout='no_such_dir';
+    }
+    if ($ulsout eq '') { $ulsout='empty'; }
+    &Reply($client, \$ulsout, $userinput); # This supports debug logging.
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("ls3", \&ls3_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub read_lonnet_global {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $requested = &Apache::lonnet::thaw_unescape($tail);
+    my $result;
+    my %packagevars = (
+                        spareid => \%Apache::lonnet::spareid,
+                        perlvar => \%Apache::lonnet::perlvar,
+                      );
+    my %limit_to = (
+                    perlvar => {
+                                 lonOtherAuthen => 1,
+                                 lonBalancer    => 1,
+                                 lonVersion     => 1,
+                                 lonSysEMail    => 1,
+                                 lonHostID      => 1,
+                                 lonRole        => 1,
+                                 lonDefDomain   => 1,
+                                 lonLoadLim     => 1,
+                                 lonUserLoadLim => 1,
+                               }
+                  );
+    if (ref($requested) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $what (keys(%{$requested})) {
+            my $response;
+            my $items = {};
+            if (exists($packagevars{$what})) {
+                if (ref($limit_to{$what}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    foreach my $varname (keys(%{$packagevars{$what}})) {
+                        if ($limit_to{$what}{$varname}) {
+                            $items->{$varname} = $packagevars{$what}{$varname};
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $items = $packagevars{$what};
+                }
+                if ($what eq 'perlvar') {
+                    if (!exists($packagevars{$what}{'lonBalancer'})) {
+                        if ($dist =~ /^(centos|rhes|fedora|scientific)/) {
+                            my $othervarref=LONCAPA::Configuration::read_conf('httpd.conf');
+                            if (ref($othervarref) eq 'HASH') {
+                                $items->{'lonBalancer'} = $othervarref->{'lonBalancer'};
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                $response = &Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($items);
+            }
+            $result .= &escape($what).'='.$response.'&';
+        }
+    }
+    $result =~ s/\&$//;
+    &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("readlonnetglobal", \&read_lonnet_global, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub server_devalidatecache_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($name,$id) = map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$tail);
+    &Apache::lonnet::devalidate_cache_new($name,$id);
+    my $result = 'ok';
+    &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("devalidatecache", \&server_devalidatecache_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub server_timezone_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $timezone;
+    my $clockfile = '/etc/sysconfig/clock'; # Fedora/CentOS/SuSE
+    my $tzfile = '/etc/timezone'; # Debian/Ubuntu
+    if (-e $clockfile) {
+        if (open(my $fh,"<$clockfile")) {
+            while (<$fh>) {
+                next if (/^[\#\s]/);
+                if (/^(?:TIME)?ZONE\s*=\s*['"]?\s*([\w\/]+)/) {
+                    $timezone = $1;
+                    last;
+                }
+            }
+            close($fh);
+        }
+    } elsif (-e $tzfile) {
+        if (open(my $fh,"<$tzfile")) {
+            $timezone = <$fh>;
+            close($fh);
+            chomp($timezone);
+            if ($timezone =~ m{^Etc/(\w+)$}) {
+                $timezone = $1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    &Reply($client,\$timezone,$userinput); # This supports debug logging.
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("servertimezone", \&server_timezone_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub server_loncaparev_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    &Reply($client,\$perlvar{'lonVersion'},$userinput);
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("serverloncaparev", \&server_loncaparev_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub server_homeID_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    &Reply($client,\$perlvar{'lonHostID'},$userinput);
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("serverhomeID", \&server_homeID_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub server_distarch_handler {
+    my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $reply = &distro_and_arch();
+    &Reply($client,\$reply,$userinput);
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("serverdistarch", \&server_distarch_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
 #   Process a reinit request.  Reinit requests that either
 #   lonc or lond be reinitialized so that an updated 
@@ -1514,15 +1876,47 @@ sub authenticate_handler {
     #  udom    - User's domain.
     #  uname   - Username.
     #  upass   - User's password.
+    #  checkdefauth - Pass to validate_user() to try authentication
+    #                 with default auth type(s) if no user account.
+    #  clientcancheckhost - Passed by clients with functionality in lonauth.pm
+    #                       to check if session can be hosted.
     
-    my ($udom,$uname,$upass)=split(/:/,$tail);
-    &Debug(" Authenticate domain = $udom, user = $uname, password = $upass");
+    my ($udom, $uname, $upass, $checkdefauth, $clientcancheckhost)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    &Debug(" Authenticate domain = $udom, user = $uname, password = $upass,  checkdefauth = $checkdefauth");
     chomp($upass);
     $upass=&unescape($upass);
 
-    my $pwdcorrect = &validate_user($udom, $uname, $upass);
+    my $pwdcorrect = &validate_user($udom,$uname,$upass,$checkdefauth);
     if($pwdcorrect) {
-	&Reply( $client, "authorized\n", $userinput);
+        my $canhost = 1;
+        unless ($clientcancheckhost) {
+            my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
+            my $uint_dom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+            my @intdoms;
+            my $internet_names = &Apache::lonnet::get_internet_names($clientname);
+            if (ref($internet_names) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                @intdoms = @{$internet_names};
+            }
+            unless ($uint_dom ne '' && grep(/^\Q$uint_dom\E$/,@intdoms)) {
+                my ($remote,$hosted);
+                my $remotesession = &get_usersession_config($udom,'remotesession');
+                if (ref($remotesession) eq 'HASH') {
+                    $remote = $remotesession->{'remote'}
+                }
+                my $hostedsession = &get_usersession_config($clienthomedom,'hostedsession');
+                if (ref($hostedsession) eq 'HASH') {
+                    $hosted = $hostedsession->{'hosted'};
+                }
+                $canhost = &Apache::lonnet::can_host_session($udom,$clientname,
+                                                             $clientversion,
+                                                             $remote,$hosted);
+            }
+        }
+        if ($canhost) {               
+            &Reply( $client, "authorized\n", $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply( $client, "not_allowed_to_host\n", $userinput);
+        }
 	#
 	#  Bad credentials: Failed to authorize
 	#
@@ -1567,8 +1961,9 @@ sub change_password_handler {
     #  npass - New password.
     #  context - Context in which this was called 
     #            (preferences or reset_by_email).
+    #  lonhost - HostID of server where request originated 
    
-    my ($udom,$uname,$upass,$npass,$context)=split(/:/,$tail);
+    my ($udom,$uname,$upass,$npass,$context,$lonhost)=split(/:/,$tail);
 
     $upass=&unescape($upass);
     $npass=&unescape($npass);
@@ -1577,9 +1972,13 @@ sub change_password_handler {
     # First require that the user can be authenticated with their
     # old password unless context was 'reset_by_email':
     
-    my $validated;
+    my ($validated,$failure);
     if ($context eq 'reset_by_email') {
-        $validated = 1;
+        if ($lonhost eq '') {
+            $failure = 'invalid_client';
+        } else {
+            $validated = 1;
+        }
     } else {
         $validated = &validate_user($udom, $uname, $upass);
     }
@@ -1593,8 +1992,11 @@ sub change_password_handler {
 	    $salt=substr($salt,6,2);
 	    my $ncpass=crypt($npass,$salt);
 	    if(&rewrite_password_file($udom, $uname, "internal:$ncpass")) {
-		&logthis("Result of password change for "
-			 ."$uname: pwchange_success");
+		my $msg="Result of password change for $uname: pwchange_success";
+                if ($lonhost) {
+                    $msg .= " - request originated from: $lonhost";
+                }
+                &logthis($msg);
 		&Reply($client, "ok\n", $userinput);
 	    } else {
 		&logthis("Unable to open $uname passwd "               
@@ -1615,7 +2017,10 @@ sub change_password_handler {
 	}  
 	
     } else {
-	&Failure( $client, "non_authorized\n", $userinput);
+	if ($failure eq '') {
+	    $failure = 'non_authorized';
+	}
+	&Failure( $client, "$failure\n", $userinput);
     }
 
     return 1;
@@ -1665,7 +2070,7 @@ sub add_user_handler {
 		    ."makeuser";
 	    }
 	    unless ($fperror) {
-		my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass, $passfilename);
+		my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname,$udom,$umode,$npass, $passfilename);
 		&Reply($client,\$result, $userinput);     #BUGBUG - could be fail
 	    } else {
 		&Failure($client, \$fperror, $userinput);
@@ -1740,7 +2145,7 @@ sub change_authentication_handler {
 		    &Failure($client, \$result);
 		}
 	    } else {
-		my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname, $umode,$npass,$passfilename);
+		my $result=&make_passwd_file($uname,$udom,$umode,$npass,$passfilename);
 		#
 		#  If the current auth mode is internal, and the old auth mode was
 		#  unix, or krb*,  and the user is an author for this domain,
@@ -1802,16 +2207,10 @@ sub is_home_handler {
 &register_handler("home", \&is_home_handler, 0,1,0);
 
 #
-#   Process an update request for a resource?? I think what's going on here is
-#   that a resource has been modified that we hold a subscription to.
+#   Process an update request for a resource.
+#   A resource has been modified that we hold a subscription to.
 #   If the resource is not local, then we must update, or at least invalidate our
 #   cached copy of the resource. 
-#   FUTURE WORK:
-#      I need to look at this logic carefully.  My druthers would be to follow
-#      typical caching logic, and simple invalidate the cache, drop any subscription
-#      an let the next fetch start the ball rolling again... however that may
-#      actually be more difficult than it looks given the complex web of
-#      proxy servers.
 # Parameters:
 #    $cmd      - The command that got us here.
 #    $tail     - Tail of the command (remaining parameters).
@@ -1835,20 +2234,30 @@ sub update_resource_handler {
     my $ownership=ishome($fname);
     if ($ownership eq 'not_owner') {
 	if (-e $fname) {
+            # Delete preview file, if exists
+            unlink("$fname.tmp");
+            # Get usage stats
 	    my ($dev,$ino,$mode,$nlink,$uid,$gid,$rdev,$size,
 		$atime,$mtime,$ctime,$blksize,$blocks)=stat($fname);
 	    my $now=time;
 	    my $since=$now-$atime;
+            # If the file has not been used within lonExpire seconds,
+            # unsubscribe from it and delete local copy
 	    if ($since>$perlvar{'lonExpire'}) {
 		my $reply=&Apache::lonnet::reply("unsub:$fname","$clientname");
 		&devalidate_meta_cache($fname);
 		unlink("$fname");
 		unlink("$fname.meta");
 	    } else {
+            # Yes, this is in active use. Get a fresh copy. Since it might be in
+            # very active use and huge (like a movie), copy it to "in.transfer" filename first.
 		my $transname="$fname.in.transfer";
 		my $remoteurl=&Apache::lonnet::reply("sub:$fname","$clientname");
 		my $response;
-		alarm(120);
+# FIXME: cannot replicate files that take more than two minutes to transfer?
+#		alarm(120);
+# FIXME: this should use the LWP mechanism, not internal alarms.
+                alarm(1200);
 		{
 		    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
 		    my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$remoteurl");
@@ -1856,11 +2265,13 @@ sub update_resource_handler {
 		}
 		alarm(0);
 		if ($response->is_error()) {
+# FIXME: we should probably clean up here instead of just whine
 		    unlink($transname);
 		    my $message=$response->status_line;
 		    &logthis("LWP GET: $message for $fname ($remoteurl)");
 		} else {
 		    if ($remoteurl!~/\.meta$/) {
+# FIXME: isn't there an internal LWP mechanism for this?
 			alarm(120);
 			{
 			    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
@@ -1872,6 +2283,7 @@ sub update_resource_handler {
 			}
 			alarm(0);
 		    }
+                    # we successfully transfered, copy file over to real name
 		    rename($transname,$fname);
 		    &devalidate_meta_cache($fname);
 		}
@@ -1933,7 +2345,10 @@ sub fetch_user_file_handler {
 
 	my $destname=$udir.'/'.$ufile;
 	my $transname=$udir.'/'.$ufile.'.in.transit';
-	my $remoteurl='http://'.$clientip.'/userfiles/'.$fname;
+        my $clientprotocol=$Apache::lonnet::protocol{$clientname};
+        $clientprotocol = 'http' if ($clientprotocol ne 'https');
+	my $clienthost = &Apache::lonnet::hostname($clientname);
+	my $remoteurl=$clientprotocol.'://'.$clienthost.'/userfiles/'.$fname;
 	my $response;
 	Debug("Remote URL : $remoteurl Transfername $transname Destname: $destname");
 	alarm(120);
@@ -2109,7 +2524,6 @@ sub user_has_session_handler {
 
     my ($udom, $uname) = map { &unescape($_) } (split(/:/, $tail));
     
-    &logthis("Looking for $udom $uname");
     opendir(DIR,$perlvar{'lonIDsDir'});
     my $filename;
     while ($filename=readdir(DIR)) {
@@ -2141,17 +2555,17 @@ sub token_auth_user_file_handler {
     my ($fname, $session) = split(/:/, $tail);
     
     chomp($session);
-    my $reply="non_auth\n";
+    my $reply="non_auth";
     my $file = $perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.$session.'.id';
     if (open(ENVIN,"$file")) {
 	flock(ENVIN,LOCK_SH);
 	tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',"$file",&GDBM_READER(),0640);
 	if (exists($disk_env{"userfile.$fname"})) {
-	    $reply="ok\n";
+	    $reply="ok";
 	} else {
 	    foreach my $envname (keys(%disk_env)) {
 		if ($envname=~ m|^userfile\.\Q$fname\E|) {
-		    $reply="ok\n";
+		    $reply="ok";
 		    last;
 		}
 	    }
@@ -2828,6 +3242,9 @@ sub dump_profile_database {
 #                                             that is matched against
 #                                             database keywords to do
 #                                             selective dumps.
+#                               range       - optional range of entries
+#                                             e.g., 10-20 would return the
+#                                             10th to 19th items, etc.  
 #   $client                   - Channel open on the client.
 # Returns:
 #    1    - Continue processing.
@@ -2837,56 +3254,12 @@ sub dump_profile_database {
 sub dump_with_regexp {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
-
-    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
-
-    my ($udom,$uname,$namespace,$regexp,$range)=split(/:/,$tail);
-    if (defined($regexp)) {
-	$regexp=&unescape($regexp);
-    } else {
-	$regexp='.';
-    }
-    my ($start,$end);
-    if (defined($range)) {
-	if ($range =~/^(\d+)\-(\d+)$/) {
-	    ($start,$end) = ($1,$2);
-	} elsif ($range =~/^(\d+)$/) {
-	    ($start,$end) = (0,$1);
-	} else {
-	    undef($range);
-	}
-    }
-    my $hashref = &tie_user_hash($udom, $uname, $namespace,
-				 &GDBM_READER());
-    if ($hashref) {
-        my $qresult='';
-	my $count=0;
-	while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
-	    if ($regexp eq '.') {
-		$count++;
-		if (defined($range) && $count >= $end)   { last; }
-		if (defined($range) && $count <  $start) { next; }
-		$qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
-	    } else {
-		my $unescapeKey = &unescape($key);
-		if (eval('$unescapeKey=~/$regexp/')) {
-		    $count++;
-		    if (defined($range) && $count >= $end)   { last; }
-		    if (defined($range) && $count <  $start) { next; }
-		    $qresult.="$key=$value&";
-		}
-	    }
-	}
-	if (&untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
-	    chop($qresult);
-	    &Reply($client, \$qresult, $userinput);
-	} else {
-	    &Failure( $client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		     "while attempting dump\n", $userinput);
-	}
+    my $res = LONCAPA::Lond::dump_with_regexp($tail, $clientname, $clientversion);
+    
+    if ($res =~ /^error:/) {
+        Failure($client, \$res, "$cmd:$tail");
     } else {
-	&Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
-		"while attempting dump\n", $userinput);
+        Reply($client, \$res, "$cmd:$tail");
     }
 
     return 1;
@@ -3312,7 +3685,7 @@ sub put_course_id_handler {
                     my @new_items = split(/:/,$courseinfo,-1);
                     my %storehash; 
                     for (my $i=0; $i<@new_items; $i++) {
-                        $storehash{$items[$i]} = $new_items[$i];
+                        $storehash{$items[$i]} = &unescape($new_items[$i]);
                     }
                     $hashref->{$key} = 
                         &Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape(\%storehash);
@@ -3426,14 +3799,38 @@ sub put_course_id_hash_handler {
 #                            will be returned. Pre-2.2.0 legacy entries from 
 #                            nohist_courseiddump will only contain usernames.
 #                 type     - optional parameter for selection 
-#                 regexp_ok - if true, allow the supplied institutional code
-#                            filter to behave as a regular expression.  
+#                 regexp_ok - if 1 or -1 allow the supplied institutional code
+#                            filter to behave as a regular expression:
+#	                      1 will not exclude the course if the instcode matches the RE 
+#                            -1 will exclude the course if the instcode matches the RE
 #                 rtn_as_hash - whether to return the information available for
 #                            each matched item as a frozen hash of all 
 #                            key, value pairs in the item's hash, or as a 
 #                            colon-separated list of (in order) description,
 #                            institutional code, and course owner.
-#    
+#                 selfenrollonly - filter by courses allowing self-enrollment  
+#                                  now or in the future (selfenrollonly = 1).
+#                 catfilter - filter by course category, assigned to a course 
+#                             using manually defined categories (i.e., not
+#                             self-cataloging based on on institutional code).   
+#                 showhidden - include course in results even if course  
+#                              was set to be excluded from course catalog (DC only).
+#                 caller -  if set to 'coursecatalog', courses set to be hidden
+#                           from course catalog will be excluded from results (unless
+#                           overridden by "showhidden".
+#                 cloner - escaped username:domain of course cloner (if picking course to
+#                          clone).
+#                 cc_clone_list - escaped comma separated list of courses for which 
+#                                 course cloner has active CC role (and so can clone
+#                                 automatically).
+#                 cloneonly - filter by courses for which cloner has rights to clone.
+#                 createdbefore - include courses for which creation date preceeded this date.
+#                 createdafter - include courses for which creation date followed this date.
+#                 creationcontext - include courses created in specified context 
+#
+#                 domcloner - flag to indicate if user can create CCs in course's domain.
+#                             If so, ability to clone course is automatic. 
+#
 #     $client  - The socket open on the client.
 # Returns:
 #    1     - Continue processing.
@@ -3444,7 +3841,11 @@ sub dump_course_id_handler {
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
 
     my ($udom,$since,$description,$instcodefilter,$ownerfilter,$coursefilter,
-        $typefilter,$regexp_ok,$rtn_as_hash) =split(/:/,$tail);
+        $typefilter,$regexp_ok,$rtn_as_hash,$selfenrollonly,$catfilter,$showhidden,
+        $caller,$cloner,$cc_clone_list,$cloneonly,$createdbefore,$createdafter,
+        $creationcontext,$domcloner) =split(/:/,$tail);
+    my $now = time;
+    my ($cloneruname,$clonerudom,%cc_clone);
     if (defined($description)) {
 	$description=&unescape($description);
     } else {
@@ -3484,8 +3885,39 @@ sub dump_course_id_handler {
     if (defined($regexp_ok)) {
         $regexp_ok=&unescape($regexp_ok);
     }
+    if (defined($catfilter)) {
+        $catfilter=&unescape($catfilter);
+    }
+    if (defined($cloner)) {
+        $cloner = &unescape($cloner);
+        ($cloneruname,$clonerudom) = ($cloner =~ /^($LONCAPA::match_username):($LONCAPA::match_domain)$/); 
+    }
+    if (defined($cc_clone_list)) {
+        $cc_clone_list = &unescape($cc_clone_list);
+        my @cc_cloners = split('&',$cc_clone_list);
+        foreach my $cid (@cc_cloners) {
+            my ($clonedom,$clonenum) = split(':',$cid);
+            next if ($clonedom ne $udom); 
+            $cc_clone{$clonedom.'_'.$clonenum} = 1;
+        } 
+    }
+    if ($createdbefore ne '') {
+        $createdbefore = &unescape($createdbefore);
+    } else {
+       $createdbefore = 0;
+    }
+    if ($createdafter ne '') {
+        $createdafter = &unescape($createdafter);
+    } else {
+        $createdafter = 0;
+    }
+    if ($creationcontext ne '') {
+        $creationcontext = &unescape($creationcontext);
+    } else {
+        $creationcontext = '.';
+    }
     my $unpack = 1;
-    if ($description eq '.' && $instcodefilter eq '.' && $coursefilter eq '.' && 
+    if ($description eq '.' && $instcodefilter eq '.' && $ownerfilter eq '.' && 
         $typefilter eq '.') {
         $unpack = 0;
     }
@@ -3494,7 +3926,9 @@ sub dump_course_id_handler {
     my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
     if ($hashref) {
 	while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
-            my ($unesc_key,$lasttime_key,$lasttime,$is_hash,%val,%unesc_val);
+            my ($unesc_key,$lasttime_key,$lasttime,$is_hash,%val,
+                %unesc_val,$selfenroll_end,$selfenroll_types,$created,
+                $context);
             $unesc_key = &unescape($key);
             if ($unesc_key =~ /^lasttime:/) {
                 next;
@@ -3505,22 +3939,127 @@ sub dump_course_id_handler {
                 $lasttime = $hashref->{$lasttime_key};
                 next if ($lasttime<$since);
             }
+            my ($canclone,$valchange);
             my $items = &Apache::lonnet::thaw_unescape($value);
             if (ref($items) eq 'HASH') {
+                if ($hashref->{$lasttime_key} eq '') {
+                    next if ($since > 1);
+                }
                 $is_hash =  1;
+                if ($domcloner) {
+                    $canclone = 1;
+                } elsif (defined($clonerudom)) {
+                    if ($items->{'cloners'}) {
+                        my @cloneable = split(',',$items->{'cloners'});
+                        if (@cloneable) {
+                            if (grep(/^\*$/,@cloneable))  {
+                                $canclone = 1;
+                            } elsif (grep(/^\*:\Q$clonerudom\E$/,@cloneable)) {
+                                $canclone = 1;
+                            } elsif (grep(/^\Q$cloneruname\E:\Q$clonerudom\E$/,@cloneable)) {
+                                $canclone = 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        unless ($canclone) {
+                            if ($cloneruname ne '' && $clonerudom ne '') {
+                                if ($cc_clone{$unesc_key}) {
+                                    $canclone = 1;
+                                    $items->{'cloners'} .= ','.$cloneruname.':'.
+                                                           $clonerudom;
+                                    $valchange = 1;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } elsif (defined($cloneruname)) {
+                        if ($cc_clone{$unesc_key}) {
+                            $canclone = 1;
+                            $items->{'cloners'} = $cloneruname.':'.$clonerudom;
+                            $valchange = 1;
+                        }
+                        unless ($canclone) {
+                            if ($items->{'owner'} =~ /:/) {
+                                if ($items->{'owner'} eq $cloner) {
+                                    $canclone = 1;
+                                }
+                            } elsif ($cloner eq $items->{'owner'}.':'.$udom) {
+                                $canclone = 1;
+                            }
+                            if ($canclone) {
+                                $items->{'cloners'} = $cloneruname.':'.$clonerudom;
+                                $valchange = 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
                 if ($unpack || !$rtn_as_hash) {
                     $unesc_val{'descr'} = $items->{'description'};
                     $unesc_val{'inst_code'} = $items->{'inst_code'};
                     $unesc_val{'owner'} = $items->{'owner'};
                     $unesc_val{'type'} = $items->{'type'};
+                    $unesc_val{'cloners'} = $items->{'cloners'};
+                    $unesc_val{'created'} = $items->{'created'};
+                    $unesc_val{'context'} = $items->{'context'};
+                }
+                $selfenroll_types = $items->{'selfenroll_types'};
+                $selfenroll_end = $items->{'selfenroll_end_date'};
+                $created = $items->{'created'};
+                $context = $items->{'context'};
+                if ($selfenrollonly) {
+                    next if (!$selfenroll_types);
+                    if (($selfenroll_end > 0) && ($selfenroll_end <= $now)) {
+                        next;
+                    }
+                }
+                if ($creationcontext ne '.') {
+                    next if (($context ne '') && ($context ne $creationcontext));  
+                }
+                if ($createdbefore > 0) {
+                    next if (($created eq '') || ($created > $createdbefore));   
+                }
+                if ($createdafter > 0) {
+                    next if (($created eq '') || ($created <= $createdafter)); 
+                }
+                if ($catfilter ne '') {
+                    next if ($items->{'categories'} eq '');
+                    my @categories = split('&',$items->{'categories'}); 
+                    next if (@categories == 0);
+                    my @subcats = split('&',$catfilter);
+                    my $matchcat = 0;
+                    foreach my $cat (@categories) {
+                        if (grep(/^\Q$cat\E$/,@subcats)) {
+                            $matchcat = 1;
+                            last;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    next if (!$matchcat);
+                }
+                if ($caller eq 'coursecatalog') {
+                    if ($items->{'hidefromcat'} eq 'yes') {
+                        next if !$showhidden;
+                    }
                 }
             } else {
+                next if ($catfilter ne '');
+                next if ($selfenrollonly);
+                next if ($createdbefore || $createdafter);
+                next if ($creationcontext ne '.');
+                if ((defined($clonerudom)) && (defined($cloneruname)))  {
+                    if ($cc_clone{$unesc_key}) {
+                        $canclone = 1;
+                        $val{'cloners'} = &escape($cloneruname.':'.$clonerudom);
+                    }
+                }
                 $is_hash =  0;
                 my @courseitems = split(/:/,$value);
                 $lasttime = pop(@courseitems);
-                next if ($lasttime<$since);
+                if ($hashref->{$lasttime_key} eq '') {
+                    next if ($lasttime<$since);
+                }
 	        ($val{'descr'},$val{'inst_code'},$val{'owner'},$val{'type'}) = @courseitems;
             }
+            if ($cloneonly) {
+               next unless ($canclone);
+            }
             my $match = 1;
 	    if ($description ne '.') {
                 if (!$is_hash) {
@@ -3534,10 +4073,14 @@ sub dump_course_id_handler {
                 if (!$is_hash) {
                     $unesc_val{'inst_code'} = &unescape($val{'inst_code'});
                 }
-                if ($regexp_ok) {
+                if ($regexp_ok == 1) {
                     if (eval{$unesc_val{'inst_code'} !~ /$instcodefilter/}) {
                         $match = 0;
                     }
+                } elsif ($regexp_ok == -1) {
+                    if (eval{$unesc_val{'inst_code'} =~ /$instcodefilter/}) {
+                        $match = 0;
+                    }
                 } else {
                     if (eval{$unesc_val{'inst_code'} !~ /\Q$instcodefilter\E/i}) {
                         $match = 0;
@@ -3603,12 +4146,18 @@ sub dump_course_id_handler {
             if ($match == 1) {
                 if ($rtn_as_hash) {
                     if ($is_hash) {
-                        $qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
+                        if ($valchange) {
+                            my $newvalue = &Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($items);
+                            $qresult.=$key.'='.$newvalue.'&';
+                        } else {
+                            $qresult.=$key.'='.$value.'&';
+                        }
                     } else {
                         my %rtnhash = ( 'description' => &unescape($val{'descr'}),
                                         'inst_code' => &unescape($val{'inst_code'}),
                                         'owner'     => &unescape($val{'owner'}),
                                         'type'      => &unescape($val{'type'}),
+                                        'cloners'   => &unescape($val{'cloners'}),
                                       );
                         my $items = &Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape(\%rtnhash);
                         $qresult.=$key.'='.$items.'&';
@@ -3640,6 +4189,53 @@ sub dump_course_id_handler {
 }
 &register_handler("courseiddump", \&dump_course_id_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
+sub course_lastaccess_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($cdom,$cnum) = split(':',$tail); 
+    my (%lastaccess,$qresult);
+    my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($cdom, "nohist_courseids", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
+    if ($hashref) {
+        while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
+            my ($unesc_key,$lasttime);
+            $unesc_key = &unescape($key);
+            if ($cnum) {
+                next unless ($unesc_key =~ /\Q$cdom\E_\Q$cnum\E$/);
+            }
+            if ($unesc_key =~ /^lasttime:($LONCAPA::match_domain\_$LONCAPA::match_courseid)/) {
+                $lastaccess{$1} = $value;
+            } else {
+                my $items = &Apache::lonnet::thaw_unescape($value);
+                if (ref($items) eq 'HASH') {
+                    unless ($lastaccess{$unesc_key}) {
+                        $lastaccess{$unesc_key} = '';
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    my @courseitems = split(':',$value);
+                    $lastaccess{$unesc_key} = pop(@courseitems);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        foreach my $cid (sort(keys(%lastaccess))) {
+            $qresult.=&escape($cid).'='.$lastaccess{$cid}.'&'; 
+        }
+        if (&untie_domain_hash($hashref)) {
+            if ($qresult) {
+                chop($qresult);
+            }
+            &Reply($client, \$qresult, $userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." untie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                    "while attempting lastacourseaccess\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client, "error: ".($!+0)." tie(GDBM) Failed ".
+                "while attempting lastcourseaccess\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("courselastaccess",\&course_lastaccess_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 # Puts an unencrypted entry in a namespace db file at the domain level 
 #
@@ -3705,6 +4301,7 @@ sub put_domain_handler {
 sub get_domain_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
 
+
     my $userinput = "$client:$tail";
 
     my ($udom,$namespace,$what)=split(/:/,$tail,3);
@@ -3732,7 +4329,6 @@ sub get_domain_handler {
 }
 &register_handler("getdom", \&get_domain_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
-
 #
 #  Puts an id to a domains id database. 
 #
@@ -3850,7 +4446,8 @@ sub get_id_handler {
 sub put_dcmail_handler {
     my ($cmd,$tail,$client) = @_;
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
-                                                                                
+
+
     my ($udom,$what)=split(/:/,$tail);
     chomp($what);
     my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_dcmail", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
@@ -4039,27 +4636,30 @@ sub dump_domainroles_handler {
         $rolesfilter=&unescape($rolesfilter);
 	@roles = split(/\&/,$rolesfilter);
     }
-                                                                                           
+
     my $hashref = &tie_domain_hash($udom, "nohist_domainroles", &GDBM_WRCREAT());
     if ($hashref) {
         my $qresult = '';
         while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$hashref)) {
             my $match = 1;
-            my ($start,$end) = split(/:/,&unescape($value));
+            my ($end,$start) = split(/:/,&unescape($value));
             my ($trole,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec) = split(/:/,&unescape($key));
-            unless ($startfilter eq '.' || !defined($startfilter)) {
-                if ($start >= $startfilter) {
+            unless (@roles < 1) {
+                unless (grep/^\Q$trole\E$/,@roles) {
                     $match = 0;
+                    next;
                 }
             }
-            unless ($endfilter eq '.' || !defined($endfilter)) {
-                if ($end <= $endfilter) {
+            unless ($startfilter eq '.' || !defined($startfilter)) {
+                if ((defined($start)) && ($start >= $startfilter)) {
                     $match = 0;
+                    next;
                 }
             }
-            unless (@roles < 1) {
-                unless (grep/^\Q$trole\E$/,@roles) {
+            unless ($endfilter eq '.' || !defined($endfilter)) {
+                if ((defined($end)) && (($end > 0) && ($end <= $endfilter))) {
                     $match = 0;
+                    next;
                 }
             }
             if ($match == 1) {
@@ -4111,7 +4711,7 @@ sub tmp_put_handler {
     }
     my ($id,$store);
     $tmpsnum++;
-    if ($context eq 'resetpw') {
+    if (($context eq 'resetpw') || ($context eq 'createaccount')) {
         $id = &md5_hex(&md5_hex(time.{}.rand().$$));
     } else {
         $id = $$.'_'.$clientip.'_'.$tmpsnum;
@@ -4346,6 +4946,43 @@ sub enrollment_enabled_handler {
 }
 &register_handler("autorun", \&enrollment_enabled_handler, 0, 1, 0);
 
+#
+#   Validate an institutional code used for a LON-CAPA course.          
+#
+# Formal Parameters:
+#   $cmd          - The command request that got us dispatched.
+#   $tail         - The tail of the command.  In this case,
+#                   this is a colon separated set of words that will be split
+#                   into:
+#                        $dom      - The domain for which the check of 
+#                                    institutional course code will occur.
+#
+#                        $instcode - The institutional code for the course
+#                                    being requested, or validated for rights
+#                                    to request.
+#
+#                        $owner    - The course requestor (who will be the
+#                                    course owner, in the form username:domain
+#
+#   $client       - Socket open on the client.
+# Returns:
+#    1           - Indicating processing should continue.
+#
+sub validate_instcode_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($dom,$instcode,$owner) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    $instcode = &unescape($instcode);
+    $owner = &unescape($owner);
+    my ($outcome,$description) = 
+        &localenroll::validate_instcode($dom,$instcode,$owner);
+    my $result = &escape($outcome).'&'.&escape($description);
+    &Reply($client, \$result, $userinput);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autovalidateinstcode", \&validate_instcode_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #   Get the official sections for which auto-enrollment is possible.
 #   Since the admin people won't know about 'unofficial sections' 
 #   we cannot auto-enroll on them.
@@ -4392,10 +5029,11 @@ sub get_sections_handler {
 sub validate_course_owner_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client)  = @_;
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
-    my ($inst_course_id, $owner, $cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
-
+    my ($inst_course_id, $owner, $cdom, $coowners) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    
     $owner = &unescape($owner);
-    my $outcome = &localenroll::new_course($inst_course_id,$owner,$cdom);
+    $coowners = &unescape($coowners);
+    my $outcome = &localenroll::new_course($inst_course_id,$owner,$cdom,$coowners);
     &Reply($client, \$outcome, $userinput);
 
 
@@ -4455,11 +5093,11 @@ sub validate_class_access_handler {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
     my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
     my ($inst_class,$ownerlist,$cdom) = split(/:/, $tail);
-    my @owners = split(/,/,&unescape($ownerlist));
+    my $owners = &unescape($ownerlist);
     my $outcome;
     eval {
 	local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
-	$outcome=&localenroll::check_section($inst_class,\@owners,$cdom);
+	$outcome=&localenroll::check_section($inst_class,$owners,$cdom);
     };
     &Reply($client,\$outcome, $userinput);
 
@@ -4549,6 +5187,61 @@ sub retrieve_auto_file_handler {
 }
 &register_handler("autoretrieve", \&retrieve_auto_file_handler, 0,1,0);
 
+sub crsreq_checks_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $dom = $tail;
+    my $result;
+    my @reqtypes = ('official','unofficial','community');
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        my %validations;
+        my $response = &localenroll::crsreq_checks($dom,\@reqtypes,
+                                                   \%validations);
+        if ($response eq 'ok') { 
+            foreach my $key (keys(%validations)) {
+                $result .= &escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($validations{$key}).'&';
+            }
+            $result =~ s/\&$//;
+        } else {
+            $result = 'error';
+        }
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        &Reply($client, \$result, $userinput);
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autocrsreqchecks", \&crsreq_checks_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
+sub validate_crsreq_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client) = @_;
+    my $userinput = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my ($dom,$owner,$crstype,$inststatuslist,$instcode,$instseclist) = split(/:/, $tail);
+    $instcode = &unescape($instcode);
+    $owner = &unescape($owner);
+    $crstype = &unescape($crstype);
+    $inststatuslist = &unescape($inststatuslist);
+    $instcode = &unescape($instcode);
+    $instseclist = &unescape($instseclist);
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::validate_crsreq($dom,$owner,$crstype,
+                                                 $inststatuslist,$instcode,
+                                                 $instseclist);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        &Reply($client, \$outcome, $userinput);
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autocrsreqvalidation", \&validate_crsreq_handler, 0, 1, 0);
+
 #
 #   Read and retrieve institutional code format (for support form).
 # Formal Parameters:
@@ -4633,6 +5326,39 @@ sub get_institutional_defaults_handler {
 &register_handler("autoinstcodedefaults",
                   \&get_institutional_defaults_handler,0,1,0);
 
+sub get_possible_instcodes_handler {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+
+    my $reply;
+    my $cdom = $tail;
+    my (@codetitles,%cat_titles,%cat_order,@code_order);
+    my $formatreply = &localenroll::possible_instcodes($cdom,
+                                                       \@codetitles,
+                                                       \%cat_titles,
+                                                       \%cat_order,
+                                                       \@code_order);
+    if ($formatreply eq 'ok') {
+        my $result = join('&',map {&escape($_);} (@codetitles)).':';
+        $result .= join('&',map {&escape($_);} (@code_order)).':';
+        foreach my $key (keys(%cat_titles)) {
+            $result .= &escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($cat_titles{$key}).'&';
+        }
+        $result =~ s/\&$//;
+        $result .= ':';
+        foreach my $key (keys(%cat_order)) {
+            $result .= &escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($cat_order{$key}).'&';
+        }
+        $result =~ s/\&$//;
+        &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+    } else {
+        &Reply($client, "format_error\n", $userinput);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+&register_handler("autopossibleinstcodes",
+                  \&get_possible_instcodes_handler,0,1,0);
+
 sub get_institutional_user_rules {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
     my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
@@ -4701,6 +5427,40 @@ sub get_institutional_id_rules {
 }
 &register_handler("instidrules",\&get_institutional_id_rules,0,1,0);
 
+sub get_institutional_selfcreate_rules {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my $dom = &unescape($tail);
+    my (%rules_hash,@rules_order);
+    my $outcome;
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::selfcreate_rules($dom,\%rules_hash,\@rules_order);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+            my $result;
+            foreach my $key (keys(%rules_hash)) {
+                $result .= &escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($rules_hash{$key}).'&';
+            }
+            $result =~ s/\&$//;
+            $result .= ':';
+            if (@rules_order > 0) {
+                foreach my $item (@rules_order) {
+                    $result .= &escape($item).'&';
+                }
+            }
+            $result =~ s/\&$//;
+            &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply($client,"error\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+}
+&register_handler("instemailrules",\&get_institutional_selfcreate_rules,0,1,0);
+
 
 sub institutional_username_check {
     my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
@@ -4760,6 +5520,35 @@ sub institutional_id_check {
 }
 &register_handler("instidrulecheck",\&institutional_id_check,0,1,0);
 
+sub institutional_selfcreate_check {
+    my ($cmd, $tail, $client)   = @_;
+    my $userinput               = "$cmd:$tail";
+    my %rulecheck;
+    my $outcome;
+    my ($udom,$email,@rules) = split(/:/,$tail);
+    $udom = &unescape($udom);
+    $email = &unescape($email);
+    @rules = map {&unescape($_);} (@rules);
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        $outcome = &localenroll::selfcreate_check($udom,$email,\@rules,\%rulecheck);
+    };
+    if (!$@) {
+        if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+            my $result='';
+            foreach my $key (keys(%rulecheck)) {
+                $result.=&escape($key).'='.&Apache::lonnet::freeze_escape($rulecheck{$key}).'&';
+            }
+            &Reply($client,\$result,$userinput);
+        } else {
+            &Reply($client,"error\n", $userinput);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &Failure($client,"unknown_cmd\n",$userinput);
+    }
+}
+&register_handler("instselfcreatecheck",\&institutional_selfcreate_check,0,1,0);
+
 # Get domain specific conditions for import of student photographs to a course
 #
 # Retrieves information from photo_permission subroutine in localenroll.
@@ -5232,7 +6021,7 @@ if (-e $pidfile) {
 $server = IO::Socket::INET->new(LocalPort => $perlvar{'londPort'},
                                 Type      => SOCK_STREAM,
                                 Proto     => 'tcp',
-                                Reuse     => 1,
+                                ReuseAddr     => 1,
                                 Listen    => 10 )
   or die "making socket: $@\n";
 
@@ -5295,9 +6084,13 @@ sub HUPSMAN {                      # sig
 #  a setuid perl script that can be root for us to do this job.
 #
 sub ReloadApache {
-    my $execdir = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-    my $script  = $execdir."/apachereload";
-    system($script);
+# --------------------------- Handle case of another apachereload process (locking)
+    if (&LONCAPA::try_to_lock('/tmp/lock_apachereload')) {
+        my $execdir = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+        my $script  = $execdir."/apachereload";
+        system($script);
+        unlink('/tmp/lock_apachereload'); #  Remove the lock file.
+    }
 }
 
 #
@@ -5408,6 +6201,9 @@ sub Debug {
 #     reply   - Text to send to client.
 #     request - Original request from client.
 #
+#NOTE $reply must be terminated by exactly *one* \n. If $reply is a reference
+#this is done automatically ($$reply must not contain any \n in this case). 
+#If $reply is a string the caller has to ensure this.
 sub Reply {
     my ($fd, $reply, $request) = @_;
     if (ref($reply)) {
@@ -5470,7 +6266,7 @@ sub logstatus {
 sub initnewstatus {
     my $docdir=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
     my $fh=IO::File->new(">$docdir/lon-status/londstatus.txt");
-    my $now=time;
+    my $now=time();
     my $local=localtime($now);
     print $fh "LOND status $local - parent $$\n\n";
     opendir(DIR,"$docdir/lon-status/londchld");
@@ -5559,8 +6355,16 @@ $SIG{USR2} = \&UpdateHosts;
 
 #  Read the host hashes:
 &Apache::lonnet::load_hosts_tab();
+my %iphost = &Apache::lonnet::get_iphost(1);
 
-my $dist=`$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/distprobe`;
+$dist=`$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/distprobe`;
+
+my $arch = `uname -i`;
+chomp($arch);
+if ($arch eq 'unknown') {
+    $arch = `uname -m`;
+    chomp($arch);
+}
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------
 #   Accept connections.  When a connection comes in, it is validated
@@ -5619,6 +6423,7 @@ sub make_new_child {
             or die "Can't unblock SIGINT for fork: $!\n";
         $children{$pid} = $clientip;
         &status('Started child '.$pid);
+	close($client);
         return;
     } else {
         # Child can *not* return from this subroutine.
@@ -5627,6 +6432,13 @@ sub make_new_child {
                                 #don't get intercepted
         $SIG{USR1}= \&logstatus;
         $SIG{ALRM}= \&timeout;
+	#
+	# Block sigpipe as it gets thrownon socket disconnect and we want to 
+	# deal with that as a read faiure instead.
+	#
+	my $blockset = POSIX::SigSet->new(SIGPIPE);
+	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, $blockset);
+
         $lastlog='Forked ';
         $status='Forked';
 
@@ -5652,10 +6464,10 @@ sub make_new_child {
 	if ($clientip eq '127.0.0.1') {
 	    $outsideip=&Apache::lonnet::get_host_ip($perlvar{'lonHostID'});
 	}
-
+	&ReadManagerTable();
 	my $clientrec=defined(&Apache::lonnet::get_hosts_from_ip($outsideip));
 	my $ismanager=($managers{$outsideip}    ne undef);
-	$clientname  = "[unknonwn]";
+	$clientname  = "[unknown]";
 	if($clientrec) {	# Establish client type.
 	    $ConnectionType = "client";
 	    $clientname = (&Apache::lonnet::get_hosts_from_ip($outsideip))[-1];
@@ -5683,7 +6495,11 @@ sub make_new_child {
 		#
 		#  If the remote is attempting a local init... give that a try:
 		#
-		my ($i, $inittype) = split(/:/, $remotereq);
+		(my $i, my $inittype, $clientversion) = split(/:/, $remotereq);
+        # For LON-CAPA 2.9, the  client session will have sent its LON-CAPA
+        # version when initiating the connection. For LON-CAPA 2.8 and older,
+        # the version is retrieved from the global %loncaparevs in lonnet.pm.            
+        $clientversion ||= $Apache::lonnet::loncaparevs{$clientname};
 
 		# If the connection type is ssl, but I didn't get my
 		# certificate files yet, then I'll drop  back to 
@@ -5703,6 +6519,7 @@ sub make_new_child {
 		}
 
 		if($inittype eq "local") {
+                    $clientversion = $perlvar{'lonVersion'};
 		    my $key = LocalConnection($client, $remotereq);
 		    if($key) {
 			Debug("Got local key $key");
@@ -5710,7 +6527,7 @@ sub make_new_child {
 			my $cipherkey = pack("H32", $key);
 			$cipher       = new IDEA($cipherkey);
 			print $client "ok:local\n";
-			&logthis('<font color="green"'
+			&logthis('<font color="green">'
 				 . "Successful local authentication </font>");
 			$keymode = "local"
 		    } else {
@@ -5774,6 +6591,9 @@ sub make_new_child {
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Process requests
 	    my $keep_going = 1;
 	    my $user_input;
+            my $clienthost = &Apache::lonnet::hostname($clientname);
+            my $clientserverhomeID = &Apache::lonnet::get_server_homeID($clienthost);
+            $clienthomedom = &Apache::lonnet::host_domain($clientserverhomeID);
 	    while(($user_input = get_request) && $keep_going) {
 		alarm(120);
 		Debug("Main: Got $user_input\n");
@@ -5823,22 +6643,29 @@ sub is_author {
 
     #  Author role should show up as a key /domain/_au
 
-    my $key    = "/$domain/_au";
     my $value;
-    if (defined($hashref)) {
-	$value = $hashref->{$key};
-    }
+    if ($hashref) {
 
-    if(defined($value)) {
-	&Debug("$user @ $domain is an author");
+	my $key    = "/$domain/_au";
+	if (defined($hashref)) {
+	    $value = $hashref->{$key};
+	    if(!untie_user_hash($hashref)) {
+		return 'error: ' .  ($!+0)." untie (GDBM) Failed";
+	    }
+	}
+	
+	if(defined($value)) {
+	    &Debug("$user @ $domain is an author");
+	}
+    } else {
+	return 'error: '.($!+0)." tie (GDBM) Failed";
     }
 
     return defined($value);
 }
 #
 #   Checks to see if the input roleput request was to set
-# an author role.  If so, invokes the lchtmldir script to set
-# up a correct public_html 
+# an author role.  If so, creates construction space 
 # Parameters:
 #    request   - The request sent to the rolesput subchunk.
 #                We're looking for  /domain/_au
@@ -5848,16 +6675,15 @@ sub is_author {
 #
 sub manage_permissions {
     my ($request, $domain, $user, $authtype) = @_;
-
-    &Debug("manage_permissions: $request $domain $user $authtype");
-
     # See if the request is of the form /$domain/_au
     if($request =~ /^(\/\Q$domain\E\/_au)$/) { # It's an author rolesput...
-	my $execdir = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-	my $userhome= "/home/$user" ;
-	&logthis("system $execdir/lchtmldir $userhome $user $authtype");
-	&Debug("Setting homedir permissions for $userhome");
-	system("$execdir/lchtmldir $userhome $user $authtype");
+        my $path=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}."/priv/$domain";
+        unless (-e $path) {        
+           mkdir($path);
+        }
+        unless (-e $path.'/'.$user) {
+           mkdir($path.'/'.$user);
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -5932,9 +6758,7 @@ sub rewrite_password_file {
 
 #     Returns the authorization type or nouser if there is no such user.
 #
-sub get_auth_type 
-{
-
+sub get_auth_type {
     my ($domain, $user)  = @_;
 
     Debug("get_auth_type( $domain, $user ) \n");
@@ -5970,8 +6794,7 @@ sub get_auth_type
 #     0        - The domain,user,password triplet is not a valid user.
 #
 sub validate_user {
-    my ($domain, $user, $password) = @_;
-
+    my ($domain, $user, $password, $checkdefauth) = @_;
 
     # Why negative ~pi you may well ask?  Well this function is about
     # authentication, and therefore very important to get right.
@@ -5994,8 +6817,21 @@ sub validate_user {
 
     my $null = pack("C",0);	# Used by kerberos auth types.
 
+    if ($howpwd eq 'nouser') {
+        if ($checkdefauth) {
+            my %domdefaults = &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_defaults($domain);
+            if ($domdefaults{'auth_def'} eq 'localauth') {
+                $howpwd = $domdefaults{'auth_def'};
+                $contentpwd = $domdefaults{'auth_arg_def'};
+            } elsif ((($domdefaults{'auth_def'} eq 'krb4') || 
+                      ($domdefaults{'auth_def'} eq 'krb5')) &&
+                     ($domdefaults{'auth_arg_def'} ne '')) {
+                $howpwd = $domdefaults{'auth_def'};
+                $contentpwd = $domdefaults{'auth_arg_def'}; 
+            }
+        }
+    } 
     if ($howpwd ne 'nouser') {
-
 	if($howpwd eq "internal") { # Encrypted is in local password file.
 	    $validated = (crypt($password, $contentpwd) eq $contentpwd);
 	}
@@ -6017,47 +6853,24 @@ sub validate_user {
 	    } else {
 		$validated = 0;
 	    }
-	}
-	elsif ($howpwd eq "krb4") { # user is in kerberos 4 auth. domain.
-	    if(! ($password =~ /$null/) ) {
-		my $k4error = &Authen::Krb4::get_pw_in_tkt($user,
-							   "",
-							   $contentpwd,,
-							   'krbtgt',
-							   $contentpwd,
-							   1,
-							   $password);
-		if(!$k4error) {
-		    $validated = 1;
-		} else {
-		    $validated = 0;
-		    &logthis('krb4: '.$user.', '.$contentpwd.', '.
-			     &Authen::Krb4::get_err_txt($Authen::Krb4::error));
-		}
-	    } else {
-		$validated = 0; # Password has a match with null.
-	    }
+	} elsif ($howpwd eq "krb4") { # user is in kerberos 4 auth. domain.
+            my $checkwithkrb5 = 0;
+            if ($dist =~/^fedora(\d+)$/) {
+                if ($1 > 11) {
+                    $checkwithkrb5 = 1;
+                }
+            } elsif ($dist =~ /^suse([\d.]+)$/) {
+                if ($1 > 11.1) {
+                    $checkwithkrb5 = 1; 
+                }
+            }
+            if ($checkwithkrb5) {
+                $validated = &krb5_authen($password,$null,$user,$contentpwd);
+            } else {
+                $validated = &krb4_authen($password,$null,$user,$contentpwd);
+            }
 	} elsif ($howpwd eq "krb5") { # User is in kerberos 5 auth. domain.
-	    if(!($password =~ /$null/)) { # Null password not allowed.
-		my $krbclient = &Authen::Krb5::parse_name($user.'@'
-							  .$contentpwd);
-		my $krbservice = "krbtgt/".$contentpwd."\@".$contentpwd;
-		my $krbserver  = &Authen::Krb5::parse_name($krbservice);
-		my $credentials= &Authen::Krb5::cc_default();
-		$credentials->initialize(&Authen::Krb5::parse_name($user.'@'
-                                                                 .$contentpwd));
-		my $krbreturn  = &Authen::Krb5::get_in_tkt_with_password($krbclient,
-									 $krbserver,
-									 $password,
-									 $credentials);
-		$validated = ($krbreturn == 1);
-		if (!$validated) {
-		    &logthis('krb5: '.$user.', '.$contentpwd.', '.
-			     &Authen::Krb5::error());
-		}
-	    } else {
-		$validated = 0;
-	    }
+            $validated = &krb5_authen($password,$null,$user,$contentpwd);
 	} elsif ($howpwd eq "localauth") { 
 	    #  Authenticate via installation specific authentcation method:
 	    $validated = &localauth::localauth($user, 
@@ -6088,6 +6901,65 @@ sub validate_user {
     return $validated;
 }
 
+sub krb4_authen {
+    my ($password,$null,$user,$contentpwd) = @_;
+    my $validated = 0;
+    if (!($password =~ /$null/) ) {  # Null password not allowed.
+        eval {
+            require Authen::Krb4;
+        };
+        if (!$@) {
+            my $k4error = &Authen::Krb4::get_pw_in_tkt($user,
+                                                       "",
+                                                       $contentpwd,,
+                                                       'krbtgt',
+                                                       $contentpwd,
+                                                       1,
+                                                       $password);
+            if(!$k4error) {
+                $validated = 1;
+            } else {
+                $validated = 0;
+                &logthis('krb4: '.$user.', '.$contentpwd.', '.
+                          &Authen::Krb4::get_err_txt($Authen::Krb4::error));
+            }
+        } else {
+            $validated = krb5_authen($password,$null,$user,$contentpwd);
+        }
+    }
+    return $validated;
+}
+
+sub krb5_authen {
+    my ($password,$null,$user,$contentpwd) = @_;
+    my $validated = 0;
+    if(!($password =~ /$null/)) { # Null password not allowed.
+        my $krbclient = &Authen::Krb5::parse_name($user.'@'
+                                                  .$contentpwd);
+        my $krbservice = "krbtgt/".$contentpwd."\@".$contentpwd;
+        my $krbserver  = &Authen::Krb5::parse_name($krbservice);
+        my $credentials= &Authen::Krb5::cc_default();
+        $credentials->initialize(&Authen::Krb5::parse_name($user.'@'
+                                                            .$contentpwd));
+        my $krbreturn;
+        if (exists(&Authen::Krb5::get_init_creds_password)) {
+            $krbreturn =
+                &Authen::Krb5::get_init_creds_password($krbclient,$password,
+                                                          $krbservice);
+            $validated = (ref($krbreturn) eq 'Authen::Krb5::Creds');
+        } else {
+            $krbreturn  =
+                &Authen::Krb5::get_in_tkt_with_password($krbclient,$krbserver,
+                                                         $password,$credentials);
+            $validated = ($krbreturn == 1);
+        }
+        if (!$validated) {
+            &logthis('krb5: '.$user.', '.$contentpwd.', '.
+                     &Authen::Krb5::error());
+        }
+    }
+    return $validated;
+}
 
 sub addline {
     my ($fname,$hostid,$ip,$newline)=@_;
@@ -6300,7 +7172,9 @@ sub subscribe {
                 # the metadata
 		unless ($fname=~/\.meta$/) { &unsub("$fname.meta",$clientip); }
 		$fname=~s/\/home\/httpd\/html\/res/raw/;
-		$fname="http://".&Apache::lonnet::hostname($perlvar{'lonHostID'})."/".$fname;
+                my $protocol = $Apache::lonnet::protocol{$perlvar{'lonHostID'}};
+                $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+		$fname=$protocol.'://'.&Apache::lonnet::hostname($perlvar{'lonHostID'})."/".$fname;
 		$result="$fname\n";
 	    }
 	} else {
@@ -6342,7 +7216,7 @@ sub change_unix_password {
 
 
 sub make_passwd_file {
-    my ($uname, $umode,$npass,$passfilename)=@_;
+    my ($uname,$udom,$umode,$npass,$passfilename)=@_;
     my $result="ok";
     if ($umode eq 'krb4' or $umode eq 'krb5') {
 	{
@@ -6383,7 +7257,7 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
 	    #
 	    my $uid = getpwnam($uname);
 	    if((defined $uid) && ($uid == 0)) {
-		&logthis(">>>Attempted to create privilged account blocked");
+		&logthis(">>>Attempt to create privileged account blocked");
 		return "no_priv_account_error\n";
 	    }
 
@@ -6395,6 +7269,7 @@ sub make_passwd_file {
 		&Debug("user  = ".$uname.", Password =". $npass);
 		my $se = IO::File->new("|$execpath > $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/logs/lcuseradd.log");
 		print $se "$uname\n";
+                print $se "$udom\n";
 		print $se "$npass\n";
 		print $se "$npass\n";
 		print $se "$lc_error_file\n"; # Status -> unique file.
@@ -6458,7 +7333,7 @@ sub sethost {
 	eq &Apache::lonnet::get_host_ip($hostid)) {
 	$currenthostid  =$hostid;
 	$currentdomainid=&Apache::lonnet::host_domain($hostid);
-	&logthis("Setting hostid to $hostid, and domain to $currentdomainid");
+#	&logthis("Setting hostid to $hostid, and domain to $currentdomainid");
     } else {
 	&logthis("Requested host id $hostid not an alias of ".
 		 $perlvar{'lonHostID'}." refusing connection");
@@ -6473,6 +7348,62 @@ sub version {
     return "version:$VERSION";
 }
 
+sub get_usersession_config {
+    my ($dom,$name) = @_;
+    my ($usersessionconf,$cached)=&Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new($name,$dom);
+    if (defined($cached)) {
+        return $usersessionconf;
+    } else {
+        my %domconfig = &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['usersessions'],$dom);
+        if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new($name,$dom,$domconfig{'usersessions'},3600);
+            return $domconfig{'usersessions'};
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+
+# 
+# get_courseinfo_hash() is used to retrieve course information from the db
+# file: nohist_courseids.db for a course for which the current server is *not*
+# the home server.
+#
+# A hash of a hash will be retrieved. The outer hash contains a single key --
+# courseID -- for the course for which the data are being requested.
+# The contents of the inner hash, for that single item in the outer hash
+# are returned (and cached in memcache for 10 minutes).
+# 
+
+sub get_courseinfo_hash {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$home) = @_;
+    my %info;
+    eval {
+        local($SIG{ALRM}) = sub { die "timeout\n"; };
+        local($SIG{__DIE__})='DEFAULT';
+        alarm(3);
+        %info = &Apache::lonnet::courseiddump($cdom,'.',1,'.','.',$cnum,1,[$home],'.');
+        alarm(0);
+    };
+    if ($@) {
+        if ($@ eq "timeout\n") {
+            &logthis("<font color='blue'>WARNING courseiddump for $cnum:$cdom from $home timedout</font>");
+        } else {
+            &logthis("<font color='yellow'>WARNING unexpected error during eval of call for courseiddump from $home</font>");
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (ref($info{$cdom.'_'.$cnum}) eq 'HASH') {
+            my $hashid = $cdom.':'.$cnum;
+            return &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('courseinfo',$hashid,$info{$cdom.'_'.$cnum},600);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+
+sub distro_and_arch {
+    return $dist.':'.$arch;
+}
 
 # ----------------------------------- POD (plain old documentation, CPAN style)
 
@@ -6798,6 +7729,8 @@ Authen::Krb5
 
 =head1 COREQUISITES
 
+none
+
 =head1 OSNAMES
 
 linux
@@ -6807,3 +7740,408 @@ linux
 Server/Process
 
 =cut
+
+
+=pod
+
+=head1 LOG MESSAGES
+
+The messages below can be emitted in the lond log.  This log is located
+in ~httpd/perl/logs/lond.log  Many log messages have HTML encapsulation
+to provide coloring if examined from inside a web page. Some do not.
+Where color is used, the colors are; Red for sometihhng to get excited
+about and to follow up on. Yellow for something to keep an eye on to
+be sure it does not get worse, Green,and Blue for informational items.
+
+In the discussions below, sometimes reference is made to ~httpd
+when describing file locations.  There isn't really an httpd 
+user, however there is an httpd directory that gets installed in the
+place that user home directories go.  On linux, this is usually
+(always?) /home/httpd.
+
+
+Some messages are colorless.  These are usually (not always)
+Green/Blue color level messages.
+
+=over 2
+
+=item (Red)  LocalConnection rejecting non local: <ip> ne 127.0.0.1
+
+A local connection negotiation was attempted by
+a host whose IP address was not 127.0.0.1.
+The socket is closed and the child will exit.
+lond has three ways to establish an encyrption
+key with a client:
+
+=over 2
+
+=item local 
+
+The key is written and read from a file.
+This is only valid for connections from localhost.
+
+=item insecure 
+
+The key is generated by the server and
+transmitted to the client.
+
+=item  ssl (secure)
+
+An ssl connection is negotiated with the client,
+the key is generated by the server and sent to the 
+client across this ssl connection before the
+ssl connectionis terminated and clear text
+transmission resumes.
+
+=back
+
+=item (Red) LocalConnection: caller is insane! init = <init> and type = <type>
+
+The client is local but has not sent an initialization
+string that is the literal "init:local"  The connection
+is closed and the child exits.
+
+=item Red CRITICAL Can't get key file <error>        
+
+SSL key negotiation is being attempted but the call to
+lonssl::KeyFile  failed.  This usually means that the
+configuration file is not correctly defining or protecting
+the directories/files lonCertificateDirectory or
+lonnetPrivateKey
+<error> is a string that describes the reason that
+the key file could not be located.
+
+=item (Red) CRITICAL  Can't get certificates <error>  
+
+SSL key negotiation failed because we were not able to retrives our certificate
+or the CA's certificate in the call to lonssl::CertificateFile
+<error> is the textual reason this failed.  Usual reasons:
+
+=over 2
+
+=item Apache config file for loncapa  incorrect:
+
+one of the variables 
+lonCertificateDirectory, lonnetCertificateAuthority, or lonnetCertificate
+undefined or incorrect
+
+=item Permission error:
+
+The directory pointed to by lonCertificateDirectory is not readable by lond
+
+=item Permission error:
+
+Files in the directory pointed to by lonCertificateDirectory are not readable by lond.
+
+=item Installation error:                         
+
+Either the certificate authority file or the certificate have not
+been installed in lonCertificateDirectory.
+
+=item (Red) CRITICAL SSL Socket promotion failed:  <err> 
+
+The promotion of the connection from plaintext to SSL failed
+<err> is the reason for the failure.  There are two
+system calls involved in the promotion (one of which failed), 
+a dup to produce
+a second fd on the raw socket over which the encrypted data
+will flow and IO::SOcket::SSL->new_from_fd which creates
+the SSL connection on the duped fd.
+
+=item (Blue)   WARNING client did not respond to challenge 
+
+This occurs on an insecure (non SSL) connection negotiation request.
+lond generates some number from the time, the PID and sends it to
+the client.  The client must respond by echoing this information back.
+If the client does not do so, that's a violation of the challenge
+protocols and the connection will be failed.
+
+=item (Red) No manager table. Nobody can manage!!    
+
+lond has the concept of privileged hosts that
+can perform remote management function such
+as update the hosts.tab.   The manager hosts
+are described in the 
+~httpd/lonTabs/managers.tab file.
+this message is logged if this file is missing.
+
+
+=item (Green) Registering manager <dnsname> as <cluster_name> with <ipaddress>
+
+Reports the successful parse and registration
+of a specific manager. 
+
+=item Green existing host <clustername:dnsname>  
+
+The manager host is already defined in the hosts.tab
+the information in that table, rather than the info in the
+manager table will be used to determine the manager's ip.
+
+=item (Red) Unable to craete <filename>                 
+
+lond has been asked to create new versions of an administrative
+file (by a manager).  When this is done, the new file is created
+in a temp file and then renamed into place so that there are always
+usable administrative files, even if the update fails.  This failure
+message means that the temp file could not be created.
+The update is abandoned, and the old file is available for use.
+
+=item (Green) CopyFile from <oldname> to <newname> failed
+
+In an update of administrative files, the copy of the existing file to a
+backup file failed.  The installation of the new file may still succeed,
+but there will not be a back up file to rever to (this should probably
+be yellow).
+
+=item (Green) Pushfile: backed up <oldname> to <newname>
+
+See above, the backup of the old administrative file succeeded.
+
+=item (Red)  Pushfile: Unable to install <filename> <reason>
+
+The new administrative file could not be installed.  In this case,
+the old administrative file is still in use.
+
+=item (Green) Installed new < filename>.                      
+
+The new administrative file was successfullly installed.                                               
+
+=item (Red) Reinitializing lond pid=<pid>                    
+
+The lonc child process <pid> will be sent a USR2 
+signal.
+
+=item (Red) Reinitializing self                                    
+
+We've been asked to re-read our administrative files,and
+are doing so.
+
+=item (Yellow) error:Invalid process identifier <ident>  
+
+A reinit command was received, but the target part of the 
+command was not valid.  It must be either
+'lond' or 'lonc' but was <ident>
+
+=item (Green) isValideditCommand checking: Command = <command> Key = <key> newline = <newline>
+
+Checking to see if lond has been handed a valid edit
+command.  It is possible the edit command is not valid
+in that case there are no log messages to indicate that.
+
+=item Result of password change for  <username> pwchange_success
+
+The password for <username> was
+successfully changed.
+
+=item Unable to open <user> passwd to change password
+
+Could not rewrite the 
+internal password file for a user
+
+=item Result of password change for <user> : <result>
+
+A unix password change for <user> was attempted 
+and the pipe returned <result>  
+
+=item LWP GET: <message> for <fname> (<remoteurl>)
+
+The lightweight process fetch for a resource failed
+with <message> the local filename that should
+have existed/been created was  <fname> the
+corresponding URI: <remoteurl>  This is emitted in several
+places.
+
+=item Unable to move <transname> to <destname>     
+
+From fetch_user_file_handler - the user file was replicated but could not
+be mv'd to its final location.
+
+=item Looking for <domain> <username>              
+
+From user_has_session_handler - This should be a Debug call instead
+it indicates lond is about to check whether the specified user has a 
+session active on the specified domain on the local host.
+
+=item Client <ip> (<name>) hanging up: <input>     
+
+lond has been asked to exit by its client.  The <ip> and <name> identify the
+client systemand <input> is the full exit command sent to the server.
+
+=item Red CRITICAL: ABNORMAL EXIT. child <pid> for server <hostname> died through a crass with this error->[<message>].
+
+A lond child terminated.  NOte that this termination can also occur when the
+child receives the QUIT or DIE signals.  <pid> is the process id of the child,
+<hostname> the host lond is working for, and <message> the reason the child died
+to the best of our ability to get it (I would guess that any numeric value
+represents and errno value).  This is immediately followed by
+
+=item  Famous last words: Catching exception - <log> 
+
+Where log is some recent information about the state of the child.
+
+=item Red CRITICAL: TIME OUT <pid>                     
+
+Some timeout occured for server <pid>.  THis is normally a timeout on an LWP
+doing an HTTP::GET.
+
+=item child <pid> died                              
+
+The reaper caught a SIGCHILD for the lond child process <pid>
+This should be modified to also display the IP of the dying child
+$children{$pid}
+
+=item Unknown child 0 died                           
+A child died but the wait for it returned a pid of zero which really should not
+ever happen. 
+
+=item Child <which> - <pid> looks like we missed it's death 
+
+When a sigchild is received, the reaper process checks all children to see if they are
+alive.  If children are dying quite quickly, the lack of signal queuing can mean
+that a signal hearalds the death of more than one child.  If so this message indicates
+which other one died. <which> is the ip of a dead child
+
+=item Free socket: <shutdownretval>                
+
+The HUNTSMAN sub was called due to a SIGINT in a child process.  The socket is being shutdown.
+for whatever reason, <shutdownretval> is printed but in fact shutdown() is not documented
+to return anything. This is followed by: 
+
+=item Red CRITICAL: Shutting down                       
+
+Just prior to exit.
+
+=item Free socket: <shutdownretval>                 
+
+The HUPSMAN sub was called due to a SIGHUP.  all children get killsed, and lond execs itself.
+This is followed by:
+
+=item (Red) CRITICAL: Restarting                         
+
+lond is about to exec itself to restart.
+
+=item (Blue) Updating connections                        
+
+(In response to a USR2).  All the children (except the one for localhost)
+are about to be killed, the hosts tab reread, and Apache reloaded via apachereload.
+
+=item (Blue) UpdateHosts killing child <pid> for ip <ip>   
+
+Due to USR2 as above.
+
+=item (Green) keeping child for ip <ip> (pid = <pid>)    
+
+In response to USR2 as above, the child indicated is not being restarted because
+it's assumed that we'll always need a child for the localhost.
+
+
+=item Going to check on the children                
+
+Parent is about to check on the health of the child processes.
+Note that this is in response to a USR1 sent to the parent lond.
+there may be one or more of the next two messages:
+
+=item <pid> is dead                                 
+
+A child that we have in our child hash as alive has evidently died.
+
+=item  Child <pid> did not respond                   
+
+In the health check the child <pid> did not update/produce a pid_.txt
+file when sent it's USR1 signal.  That process is killed with a 9 signal, as it's
+assumed to be hung in some un-fixable way.
+
+=item Finished checking children                   
+
+Master processs's USR1 processing is cojmplete.
+
+=item (Red) CRITICAL: ------- Starting ------            
+
+(There are more '-'s on either side).  Lond has forked itself off to 
+form a new session and is about to start actual initialization.
+
+=item (Green) Attempting to start child (<client>)       
+
+Started a new child process for <client>.  Client is IO::Socket object
+connected to the child.  This was as a result of a TCP/IP connection from a client.
+
+=item Unable to determine who caller was, getpeername returned nothing
+
+In child process initialization.  either getpeername returned undef or
+a zero sized object was returned.  Processing continues, but in my opinion,
+this should be cause for the child to exit.
+
+=item Unable to determine clientip                  
+
+In child process initialization.  The peer address from getpeername was not defined.
+The client address is stored as "Unavailable" and processing continues.
+
+=item (Yellow) INFO: Connection <ip> <name> connection type = <type>
+
+In child initialization.  A good connectionw as received from <ip>.
+
+=over 2
+
+=item <name> 
+
+is the name of the client from hosts.tab.
+
+=item <type> 
+
+Is the connection type which is either 
+
+=over 2
+
+=item manager 
+
+The connection is from a manager node, not in hosts.tab
+
+=item client  
+
+the connection is from a non-manager in the hosts.tab
+
+=item both
+
+The connection is from a manager in the hosts.tab.
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=item (Blue) Certificates not installed -- trying insecure auth
+
+One of the certificate file, key file or
+certificate authority file could not be found for a client attempting
+SSL connection intiation.  COnnection will be attemptied in in-secure mode.
+(this would be a system with an up to date lond that has not gotten a 
+certificate from us).
+
+=item (Green)  Successful local authentication            
+
+A local connection successfully negotiated the encryption key. 
+In this case the IDEA key is in a file (that is hopefully well protected).
+
+=item (Green) Successful ssl authentication with <client>  
+
+The client (<client> is the peer's name in hosts.tab), has successfully
+negotiated an SSL connection with this child process.
+
+=item (Green) Successful insecure authentication with <client>
+
+
+The client has successfully negotiated an  insecure connection withthe child process.
+
+=item (Yellow) Attempted insecure connection disallowed    
+
+The client attempted and failed to successfully negotiate a successful insecure
+connection.  This can happen either because the variable londAllowInsecure is false
+or undefined, or becuse the child did not successfully echo back the challenge
+string.
+
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+
+=cut