--- loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2015/04/09 18:24:44	1.1172.2.64
+++ loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2018/12/29 16:50:06	1.1400
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network
 # TCP networking package
 #
-# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.1172.2.64 2015/04/09 18:24:44 raeburn Exp $
+# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.1400 2018/12/29 16:50:06 raeburn Exp $
 #
 # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
 #
@@ -71,9 +71,11 @@ delayed.
 package Apache::lonnet;
 
 use strict;
-use LWP::UserAgent();
 use HTTP::Date;
 use Image::Magick;
+use CGI::Cookie;
+
+use Encode;
 
 use vars qw(%perlvar %spareid %pr %prp $memcache %packagetab $tmpdir
             $_64bit %env %protocol %loncaparevs %serverhomeIDs %needsrelease
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ use GDBM_File;
 use HTML::LCParser;
 use Fcntl qw(:flock);
 use Storable qw(thaw nfreeze);
-use Time::HiRes qw( gettimeofday tv_interval );
+use Time::HiRes qw( sleep gettimeofday tv_interval );
 use Cache::Memcached;
 use Digest::MD5;
 use Math::Random;
@@ -98,17 +100,19 @@ use LONCAPA qw(:DEFAULT :match);
 use LONCAPA::Configuration;
 use LONCAPA::lonmetadata;
 use LONCAPA::Lond;
+use LONCAPA::LWPReq;
 
 use File::Copy;
 
 my $readit;
-my $max_connection_retries = 10;     # Or some such value.
+my $max_connection_retries = 20;     # Or some such value.
 
 require Exporter;
 
 our @ISA = qw (Exporter);
 our @EXPORT = qw(%env);
 
+
 # ------------------------------------ Logging (parameters, docs, slots, roles)
 {
     my $logid;
@@ -123,26 +127,26 @@ our @EXPORT = qw(%env);
 	$logid ++;
         my $now = time();
 	my $id=$now.'00000'.$$.'00000'.$logid;
-        my $logentry = {
-                         $id => {
-                                  'exe_uname' => $env{'user.name'},
-                                  'exe_udom'  => $env{'user.domain'},
-                                  'exe_time'  => $now,
-                                  'exe_ip'    => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'},
-                                  'delflag'   => $delflag,
-                                  'logentry'  => $storehash,
-                                  'uname'     => $uname,
-                                  'udom'      => $udom,
-                                }
+        my $logentry = { 
+                          $id => {
+                                   'exe_uname' => $env{'user.name'},
+                                   'exe_udom'  => $env{'user.domain'},
+                                   'exe_time'  => $now,
+                                   'exe_ip'    => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'},
+                                   'delflag'   => $delflag,
+                                   'logentry'  => $storehash,
+                                   'uname'     => $uname,
+                                   'udom'      => $udom,
+                                  }
                        };
-        return &put('nohist_'.$hash_name,$logentry,$cdom,$cnum);
+	return &put('nohist_'.$hash_name,$logentry,$cdom,$cnum);
     }
 }
 
 sub logtouch {
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     unless (-e "$execdir/logs/lonnet.log") {	
-	open(my $fh,">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.log");
+	open(my $fh,">>","$execdir/logs/lonnet.log");
 	close $fh;
     }
     my ($wwwuid,$wwwgid)=(getpwnam('www'))[2,3];
@@ -154,7 +158,7 @@ sub logthis {
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     my $now=time;
     my $local=localtime($now);
-    if (open(my $fh,">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.log")) {
+    if (open(my $fh,">>","$execdir/logs/lonnet.log")) {
 	my $logstring = $local. " ($$): ".$message."\n"; # Keep any \'s in string.
 	print $fh $logstring;
 	close($fh);
@@ -167,7 +171,7 @@ sub logperm {
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     my $now=time;
     my $local=localtime($now);
-    if (open(my $fh,">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.perm.log")) {
+    if (open(my $fh,">>","$execdir/logs/lonnet.perm.log")) {
 	print $fh "$now:$message:$local\n";
 	close($fh);
     }
@@ -180,7 +184,7 @@ sub create_connection {
 				     Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
 				     Timeout => 10);
     return 0 if (!$client);
-    print $client (join(':',$hostname,$lonid,&machine_ids($hostname))."\n");
+    print $client (join(':',$hostname,$lonid,&machine_ids($hostname),$loncaparevs{$lonid})."\n");
     my $result = <$client>;
     chomp($result);
     return 1 if ($result eq 'done');
@@ -225,6 +229,54 @@ sub get_server_distarch {
     return;
 }
 
+sub get_servercerts_info {
+    my ($lonhost,$hostname,$context) = @_;
+    return if ($lonhost eq '');
+    if ($hostname eq '') {
+        $hostname = &hostname($lonhost);
+    }
+    return if ($hostname eq '');
+    my ($rep,$uselocal);
+    if ($context eq 'install') {
+        $uselocal = 1;
+    } elsif (grep { $_ eq $lonhost } &current_machine_ids()) {
+        $uselocal = 1;
+    }
+    if (($context ne 'cgi') && ($context ne 'install') && ($uselocal)) {
+        my $distro = (split(/\:/,&get_server_distarch($lonhost)))[0];
+        if ($distro eq '') {
+            $uselocal = 0;
+        } elsif ($distro =~ /^(?:centos|redhat|scientific)(\d+)$/) {
+            if ($1 < 6) {
+                $uselocal = 0;
+            }
+        }  elsif ($distro =~ /^(?:sles)(\d+)$/) {
+            if ($1 < 12) {
+                $uselocal = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($uselocal) {
+        $rep = LONCAPA::Lond::server_certs(\%perlvar,$lonhost,$hostname);
+    } else {
+        $rep=&reply('servercerts',$lonhost);
+    }
+    my ($result,%returnhash);
+    if (($rep=~/^(refused|rejected|error)/) || ($rep eq 'con_lost') ||
+        ($rep eq 'unknown_cmd')) {
+        $result = $rep;
+    } else {
+        $result = 'ok';
+        my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+        foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+            my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+            my $what = &unescape($key);
+            $returnhash{$what}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+        }
+    }
+    return ($result,\%returnhash);
+}
+
 sub get_server_loncaparev {
     my ($dom,$lonhost,$ignore_cache,$caller) = @_;
     if (defined($lonhost)) {
@@ -259,13 +311,12 @@ sub get_server_loncaparev {
             $answer = &reply('serverloncaparev',$lonhost);
             if (($answer eq 'unknown_cmd') || ($answer eq 'con_lost')) {
                 if ($caller eq 'loncron') {
-                    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
-                    $ua->timeout(4);
+                    my $hostname = &hostname($lonhost);
                     my $protocol = $protocol{$lonhost};
                     $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
-                    my $url = $protocol.'://'.&hostname($lonhost).'/adm/about.html';
+                    my $url = $protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/adm/about.html';
                     my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$url);
-                    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+                    my $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($lonhost,$request,'',\%perlvar,4,1);
                     unless ($response->is_error()) {
                         my $content = $response->content;
                         if ($content =~ /<p>VERSION\:\s*([\w.\-]+)<\/p>/) {
@@ -356,7 +407,8 @@ sub remote_devalidate_cache {
     my $items;
     return unless (ref($cachekeys) eq 'ARRAY');
     my $cachestr = join('&',@{$cachekeys});
-    return &reply('devalidatecache:'.&escape($cachestr),$lonhost);
+    my $response = &reply('devalidatecache:'.&escape($cachestr),$lonhost);
+    return $response;
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------- Non-critical communication
@@ -370,7 +422,7 @@ sub subreply {
 
     my $lockfile=$peerfile.".lock";
     while (-e $lockfile) {	# Need to wait for the lockfile to disappear.
-	sleep(1);
+	sleep(0.1);
     }
     # At this point, either a loncnew parent is listening or an old lonc
     # or loncnew child is listening so we can connect or everything's dead.
@@ -388,7 +440,7 @@ sub subreply {
 	} else {
 	    &create_connection(&hostname($server),$server);
 	}
-        sleep(1);		# Try again later if failed connection.
+        sleep(0.1);	# Try again later if failed connection.
     }
     my $answer;
     if ($client) {
@@ -407,8 +459,26 @@ sub reply {
     unless (defined(&hostname($server))) { return 'no_such_host'; }
     my $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
     if (($answer=~/^refused/) || ($answer=~/^rejected/)) {
-       &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
-                " $cmd to $server returned $answer</font>");
+        my $logged = $cmd;
+        if ($cmd =~ /^encrypt:([^:]+):/) {
+            my $subcmd = $1;
+            if (($subcmd eq 'auth') || ($subcmd eq 'passwd') ||
+                ($subcmd eq 'changeuserauth') || ($subcmd eq 'makeuser') ||
+                ($subcmd eq 'putdom') || ($subcmd eq 'autoexportgrades')) {
+                (undef,undef,my @rest) = split(/:/,$cmd);
+                if (($subcmd eq 'auth') || ($subcmd eq 'putdom')) {
+                    splice(@rest,2,1,'Hidden');
+                } elsif ($subcmd eq 'passwd') {
+                    splice(@rest,2,2,('Hidden','Hidden'));
+                } elsif (($subcmd eq 'changeuserauth') || ($subcmd eq 'makeuser') ||
+                         ($subcmd eq 'autoexportgrades')) {
+                    splice(@rest,3,1,'Hidden');
+                }
+                $logged = join(':',('encrypt:'.$subcmd,@rest));
+            }
+        }
+        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
+                 " $logged to $server returned $answer</font>");
     }
     return $answer;
 }
@@ -417,8 +487,8 @@ sub reply {
 
 sub reconlonc {
     my ($lonid) = @_;
-    my $hostname = &hostname($lonid);
     if ($lonid) {
+        my $hostname = &hostname($lonid);
 	my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$hostname";
 	if ($hostname && -e $peerfile) {
 	    &logthis("Trying to reconnect lonc for $lonid ($hostname)");
@@ -436,14 +506,14 @@ sub reconlonc {
 
     &logthis("Trying to reconnect lonc");
     my $loncfile="$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/logs/lonc.pid";
-    if (open(my $fh,"<$loncfile")) {
+    if (open(my $fh,"<",$loncfile)) {
 	my $loncpid=<$fh>;
         chomp($loncpid);
         if (kill 0 => $loncpid) {
 	    &logthis("lonc at pid $loncpid responding, sending USR1");
             kill USR1 => $loncpid;
             sleep 1;
-         } else {
+        } else {
 	    &logthis(
                "<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
                " lonc at pid $loncpid not responding, giving up</font>");
@@ -464,7 +534,7 @@ sub critical {
     }
     my $answer=reply($cmd,$server);
     if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
-	&reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server");
+	&reconlonc($server);
 	my $answer=reply($cmd,$server);
         if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
             my $now=time;
@@ -476,16 +546,16 @@ sub critical {
             $dumpcount++;
             {
 		my $dfh;
-		if (open($dfh,">$dfilename")) {
+		if (open($dfh,">",$dfilename)) {
 		    print $dfh "$cmd\n"; 
 		    close($dfh);
 		}
             }
-            sleep 2;
+            sleep 1;
             my $wcmd='';
             {
 		my $dfh;
-		if (open($dfh,"<$dfilename")) {
+		if (open($dfh,"<",$dfilename)) {
 		    $wcmd=<$dfh>; 
 		    close($dfh);
 		}
@@ -601,22 +671,52 @@ sub transfer_profile_to_env {
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------- Check for valid session 
 sub check_for_valid_session {
-    my ($r,$name,$userhashref) = @_;
+    my ($r,$name,$userhashref,$domref) = @_;
     my %cookies=CGI::Cookie->parse($r->header_in('Cookie'));
-    if ($name eq '') {
-        $name = 'lonID';
-    }
-    my $lonid=$cookies{$name};
-    return undef if (!$lonid);
-
-    my $handle=&LONCAPA::clean_handle($lonid->value);
-    my $lonidsdir;
+    my ($lonidsdir,$linkname,$pubname,$secure,$lonid);
     if ($name eq 'lonDAV') {
         $lonidsdir=$r->dir_config('lonDAVsessDir');
     } else {
         $lonidsdir=$r->dir_config('lonIDsDir');
+        if ($name eq '') {
+            $name = 'lonID';
+        }
+    }
+    if ($name eq 'lonID') {
+        $secure = 'lonSID';
+        $linkname = 'lonLinkID';
+        $pubname = 'lonPubID';
+        if (exists($cookies{$secure})) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$secure};
+        } elsif (exists($cookies{$name})) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$name};
+        } elsif ((exists($cookies{$linkname})) && ($ENV{'SERVER_PORT'} != 443)) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$linkname};
+        } elsif (exists($cookies{$pubname})) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$pubname};
+        }
+    } else {
+        $lonid=$cookies{$name};
+    }
+    return undef if (!$lonid);
+
+    my $handle=&LONCAPA::clean_handle($lonid->value);
+    if (-l "$lonidsdir/$handle.id") {
+        my $link = readlink("$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
+        if ((-e $link) && ($link =~ m{^\Q$lonidsdir\E/(.+)\.id$})) {
+            $handle = $1;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!-e "$lonidsdir/$handle.id") {
+        if ((ref($domref)) && ($name eq 'lonID') && 
+            ($handle =~ /^($match_username)\_\d+\_($match_domain)\_(.+)$/)) {
+            my ($possuname,$possudom,$possuhome) = ($1,$2,$3);
+            if ((&domain($possudom) ne '') && (&homeserver($possuname,$possudom) eq $possuhome)) {
+                $$domref = $possudom;
+            }
+        }
+        return undef;
     }
-    return undef if (!-e "$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
 
     my $opened = open(my $idf,'+<',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
     return undef if (!$opened);
@@ -630,13 +730,20 @@ sub check_for_valid_session {
 
     if (!defined($disk_env{'user.name'})
 	|| !defined($disk_env{'user.domain'})) {
+        untie(%disk_env);
 	return undef;
     }
 
     if (ref($userhashref) eq 'HASH') {
         $userhashref->{'name'} = $disk_env{'user.name'};
         $userhashref->{'domain'} = $disk_env{'user.domain'};
+        $userhashref->{'lti'} = $disk_env{'request.lti.login'};
+        if ($userhashref->{'lti'}) {
+            $userhashref->{'ltitarget'} = $disk_env{'request.lti.target'};
+            $userhashref->{'ltiuri'} = $disk_env{'request.lti.uri'};
+        }
     }
+    untie(%disk_env);
 
     return $handle;
 }
@@ -661,6 +768,37 @@ sub timed_flock {
     }
 }
 
+sub get_sessionfile_vars {
+    my ($handle,$lonidsdir,$storearr) = @_;
+    my %returnhash;
+    unless (ref($storearr) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        return %returnhash;
+    }
+    if (-l "$lonidsdir/$handle.id") {
+        my $link = readlink("$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
+        if ((-e $link) && ($link =~ m{^\Q$lonidsdir\E/(.+)\.id$})) {
+            $handle = $1;
+        }
+    }
+    if ((-e "$lonidsdir/$handle.id") &&
+        ($handle =~ /^($match_username)\_\d+\_($match_domain)\_(.+)$/)) {
+        my ($possuname,$possudom,$possuhome) = ($1,$2,$3);
+        if ((&domain($possudom) ne '') && (&homeserver($possuname,$possudom) eq $possuhome)) {
+            if (open(my $idf,'+<',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id")) {
+                flock($idf,LOCK_SH);
+                if (tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id",
+                        &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+                    foreach my $item (@{$storearr}) {
+                        $returnhash{$item} = $disk_env{$item};
+                    }
+                    untie(%disk_env);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Append Environment
 
 sub appenv {
@@ -686,16 +824,19 @@ sub appenv {
                 $env{$key}=$newenv->{$key};
             }
         }
-        my $opened = open(my $env_file,'+<',$env{'user.environment'});
-        if ($opened
-	    && &timed_flock($env_file,LOCK_EX)
-	    &&
-	    tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',$env{'user.environment'},
-	        (&GDBM_WRITER()|&GDBM_NOLOCK()),0640)) {
-	    while (my ($key,$value) = each(%{$newenv})) {
-	        $disk_env{$key} = $value;
-	    }
-	    untie(%disk_env);
+        my $lonids = $perlvar{'lonIDsDir'};
+        if ($env{'user.environment'} =~ m{^\Q$lonids/\E$match_username\_\d+\_$match_domain\_[\w\-.]+\.id$}) {
+            my $opened = open(my $env_file,'+<',$env{'user.environment'});
+            if ($opened
+	        && &timed_flock($env_file,LOCK_EX)
+	        &&
+	        tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',$env{'user.environment'},
+	            (&GDBM_WRITER()|&GDBM_NOLOCK()),0640)) {
+	        while (my ($key,$value) = each(%{$newenv})) {
+	            $disk_env{$key} = $value;
+	        }
+	        untie(%disk_env);
+            }
         }
     }
     return 'ok';
@@ -811,6 +952,7 @@ sub userload {
 	while ($filename=readdir(LONIDS)) {
 	    next if ($filename eq '.' || $filename eq '..');
 	    next if ($filename =~ /publicuser_\d+\.id/);
+            next if ($filename =~ /^[a-f0-9]+_linked\.id$/);
 	    my ($mtime)=(stat($perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.$filename))[9];
 	    if ($curtime-$mtime < 1800) { $numusers++; }
 	}
@@ -866,13 +1008,13 @@ sub spareserver {
     }
 
     if (!$want_server_name) {
-        my $protocol = 'http';
-        if ($protocol{$spare_server} eq 'https') {
-            $protocol = $protocol{$spare_server};
-        }
         if (defined($spare_server)) {
             my $hostname = &hostname($spare_server);
             if (defined($hostname)) {
+                my $protocol = 'http';
+                if ($protocol{$spare_server} eq 'https') {
+                    $protocol = $protocol{$spare_server};
+                }
 	        $spare_server = $protocol.'://'.$hostname;
             }
         }
@@ -939,6 +1081,75 @@ sub find_existing_session {
     return;
 }
 
+# check if user's browser sent load balancer cookie and server still has session
+# and is not overloaded.
+sub check_for_balancer_cookie {
+    my ($r,$update_mtime) = @_;
+    my ($otherserver,$cookie);
+    my %cookies=CGI::Cookie->parse($r->header_in('Cookie'));
+    if (exists($cookies{'balanceID'})) {
+        my $balid = $cookies{'balanceID'};
+        $cookie=&LONCAPA::clean_handle($balid->value);
+        my $balancedir=$r->dir_config('lonBalanceDir');
+        if ((-d $balancedir) && (-e "$balancedir/$cookie.id")) {
+            if ($cookie =~ /^($match_domain)_($match_username)_[a-f0-9]+$/) {
+                my ($possudom,$possuname) = ($1,$2);
+                my $has_session = 0;
+                if ((&domain($possudom) ne '') &&
+                    (&homeserver($possuname,$possudom) ne 'no_host')) {
+                    my $try_server;
+                    my $opened = open(my $idf,'+<',"$balancedir/$cookie.id");
+                    if ($opened) {
+                        flock($idf,LOCK_SH);
+                        while (my $line = <$idf>) {
+                            chomp($line);
+                            if (&hostname($line) ne '') {
+                                $try_server = $line;
+                                last;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        close($idf);
+                        if (($try_server) &&
+                            (&has_user_session($try_server,$possudom,$possuname))) {
+                            my $lowest_load = 30000;
+                            ($otherserver,$lowest_load) =
+                                &compare_server_load($try_server,undef,$lowest_load);
+                            if ($otherserver ne '' && $lowest_load < 100) {
+                                $has_session = 1;
+                            } else {
+                                undef($otherserver);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if ($has_session) {
+                    if ($update_mtime) {
+                        my $atime = my $mtime = time;
+                        utime($atime,$mtime,"$balancedir/$cookie.id");
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    unlink("$balancedir/$cookie.id");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($otherserver,$cookie);
+}
+
+sub delbalcookie {
+    my ($cookie,$balancer) =@_;
+    if ($cookie =~ /^($match_domain)\_($match_username)\_[a-f0-9]{32}$/) {
+        my ($udom,$uname) = ($1,$2);
+        my $uprimary_id = &domain($udom,'primary');
+        my $uintdom = &internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+        my $intdom = &internet_dom($balancer);
+        my $serverhomedom = &host_domain($balancer);
+        if (($uintdom ne '') && ($uintdom eq $intdom)) {
+            return &reply("delbalcookie:$cookie",$balancer);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 # -------------------------------- ask if server already has a session for user
 sub has_user_session {
     my ($lonid,$udom,$uname) = @_;
@@ -970,12 +1181,12 @@ sub choose_server {
         }
     }
     foreach my $lonhost (keys(%servers)) {
-        my $loginvia;
         if ($skiploadbal) {
             if (ref($balancers) eq 'HASH') {
                 next if (exists($balancers->{$lonhost}));
             }
         }
+        my $loginvia;
         if ($checkloginvia) {
             $loginvia = $domconfhash{$udom.'.login.loginvia_'.$lonhost};
             if ($loginvia) {
@@ -1002,7 +1213,7 @@ sub choose_server {
     if ($login_host ne '') {
         $hostname = &hostname($login_host);
     }
-    return ($login_host,$hostname,$portal_path,$isredirect);
+    return ($login_host,$hostname,$portal_path,$isredirect,$lowest_load);
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------- Try to change a user's password
@@ -1274,16 +1485,16 @@ sub get_lonbalancer_config {
 }
 
 sub check_loadbalancing {
-    my ($uname,$udom) = @_;
+    my ($uname,$udom,$caller) = @_;
     my ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$dom_in_use,$homeintdom,
-        $rule_in_effect,$offloadto,$otherserver);
+        $rule_in_effect,$offloadto,$otherserver,$setcookie,$dom_balancers);
     my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
     my @hosts = &current_machine_ids();
     my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
     my $uintdom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($uprimary_id);
     my $intdom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($lonhost);
     my $serverhomedom = &host_domain($lonhost);
-
+    my $domneedscache;
     my $cachetime = 60*60*24;
 
     if (($uintdom ne '') && ($uintdom eq $intdom)) {
@@ -1298,10 +1509,12 @@ sub check_loadbalancing {
             &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['loadbalancing'],$dom_in_use);
         if (ref($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}) eq 'HASH') {
             $result = &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$dom_in_use,$domconfig{'loadbalancing'},$cachetime);
+        } else {
+            $domneedscache = $dom_in_use;
         }
     }
     if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
-        ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules) =
+        ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$setcookie,$dom_balancers) =
             &check_balancer_result($result,@hosts);
         if ($is_balancer) {
             if (ref($currrules) eq 'HASH') {
@@ -1356,11 +1569,13 @@ sub check_loadbalancing {
             my %domconfig =
                 &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['loadbalancing'],$serverhomedom);
             if (ref($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}) eq 'HASH') {
-                $result = &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$dom_in_use,$domconfig{'loadbalancing'},$cachetime);
+                $result = &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$serverhomedom,$domconfig{'loadbalancing'},$cachetime);
+            } else {
+                $domneedscache = $serverhomedom;
             }
         }
         if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
-            ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules) =
+            ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$setcookie,$dom_balancers) =
                 &check_balancer_result($result,@hosts);
             if ($is_balancer) {
                 if (ref($currrules) eq 'HASH') {
@@ -1376,12 +1591,21 @@ sub check_loadbalancing {
                 $is_balancer = 1;
                 $offloadto = &this_host_spares($dom_in_use);
             }
+            unless (defined($cached)) {
+                $domneedscache = $serverhomedom;
+            }
         }
     } else {
         if ($perlvar{'lonBalancer'} eq 'yes') {
             $is_balancer = 1;
             $offloadto = &this_host_spares($dom_in_use);
         }
+        unless (defined($cached)) {
+            $domneedscache = $serverhomedom;
+        }
+    }
+    if ($domneedscache) {
+        &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$domneedscache,$is_balancer,$cachetime);
     }
     if ($is_balancer) {
         my $lowest_load = 30000;
@@ -1412,23 +1636,27 @@ sub check_loadbalancing {
                 }
             }
         }
-        if (($otherserver ne '') && (grep(/^\Q$otherserver\E$/,@hosts))) {
-            $is_balancer = 0;
-            if ($uname ne '' && $udom ne '') {
-                if (($env{'user.name'} eq $uname) && ($env{'user.domain'} eq $udom)) {
-
-                    &appenv({'user.loadbalexempt'     => $lonhost,
-                             'user.loadbalcheck.time' => time});
+        unless ($caller eq 'login') {
+            if (($otherserver ne '') && (grep(/^\Q$otherserver\E$/,@hosts))) {
+                $is_balancer = 0;
+                if ($uname ne '' && $udom ne '') {
+                    if (($env{'user.name'} eq $uname) && ($env{'user.domain'} eq $udom)) {
+                        &appenv({'user.loadbalexempt'     => $lonhost,
+                                 'user.loadbalcheck.time' => time});
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
+        unless ($homeintdom) {
+            undef($setcookie);
+        }
     }
-    return ($is_balancer,$otherserver);
+    return ($is_balancer,$otherserver,$setcookie,$offloadto,$dom_balancers);
 }
 
 sub check_balancer_result {
     my ($result,@hosts) = @_;
-    my ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules);
+    my ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$setcookie,$dom_balancers);
     if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
         if ($result->{'lonhost'} ne '') {
             my $currbalancer = $result->{'lonhost'};
@@ -1437,19 +1665,24 @@ sub check_balancer_result {
                 $currtargets = $result->{'targets'};
                 $currrules = $result->{'rules'};
             }
+            $dom_balancers = $currbalancer;
         } else {
-            foreach my $key (keys(%{$result})) {
-                if (($key ne '') && (grep(/^\Q$key\E$/,@hosts)) &&
-                    (ref($result->{$key}) eq 'HASH')) {
-                    $is_balancer = 1;
-                    $currrules = $result->{$key}{'rules'};
-                    $currtargets = $result->{$key}{'targets'};
-                    last;
+            if (keys(%{$result})) {
+                foreach my $key (keys(%{$result})) {
+                    if (($key ne '') && (grep(/^\Q$key\E$/,@hosts)) &&
+                        (ref($result->{$key}) eq 'HASH')) {
+                        $is_balancer = 1;
+                        $currrules = $result->{$key}{'rules'};
+                        $currtargets = $result->{$key}{'targets'};
+                        $setcookie = $result->{$key}{'cookie'};
+                        last;
+                    }
                 }
+                $dom_balancers = join(',',sort(keys(%{$result})));
             }
         }
     }
-    return ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules);
+    return ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$setcookie,$dom_balancers);
 }
 
 sub get_loadbalancer_targets {
@@ -1521,6 +1754,101 @@ sub internet_dom_servers {
     return %uniqservers;
 }
 
+sub trusted_domains {
+    my ($cmdtype,$calldom) = @_;
+    my ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    if (&domain($calldom) eq '') {
+        return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    }
+    unless ($cmdtype =~ /^(content|shared|enroll|coaurem|othcoau|domroles|catalog|reqcrs|msg)$/) {
+        return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    }
+    my $callprimary = &domain($calldom,'primary');
+    my $intcalldom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($callprimary);
+    if ($intcalldom eq '') {
+        return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    }
+
+    my ($trustconfig,$cached)=&Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('trust',$calldom);
+    unless (defined($cached)) {
+        my %domconfig = &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['trust'],$calldom);
+        &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('trust',$calldom,$domconfig{'trust'},3600);
+        $trustconfig = $domconfig{'trust'};
+    }
+    if (ref($trustconfig)) {
+        my (%possexc,%possinc,@allexc,@allinc); 
+        if (ref($trustconfig->{$cmdtype}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'exc'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                map { $possexc{$_} = 1; } @{$trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'exc'}}; 
+            }
+            if (ref($trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'inc'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                $possinc{$intcalldom} = 1;
+                map { $possinc{$_} = 1; } @{$trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'inc'}};
+            }
+        }
+        if (keys(%possexc)) {
+            if (keys(%possinc)) {
+                foreach my $key (sort(keys(%possexc))) {
+                    next if ($key eq $intcalldom);
+                    unless ($possinc{$key}) {
+                        push(@allexc,$key);
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                @allexc = sort(keys(%possexc));
+            }
+        }
+        if (keys(%possinc)) {
+            $possinc{$intcalldom} = 1;
+            @allinc = sort(keys(%possinc));
+        }
+        if ((@allexc > 0) || (@allinc > 0)) {
+            my %doms_by_intdom;
+            my %allintdoms = &all_host_intdom();
+            my %alldoms = &all_host_domain();
+            foreach my $key (%allintdoms) {
+                if (ref($doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    unless (grep(/^\Q$alldoms{$key}\E$/,@{$doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}}})) {
+                        push(@{$doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}}},$alldoms{$key});
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}} = [$alldoms{$key}]; 
+                }
+            }
+            foreach my $exc (@allexc) {
+                if (ref($doms_by_intdom{$exc}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    push(@{$untrusted},@{$doms_by_intdom{$exc}});
+                }
+            }
+            foreach my $inc (@allinc) {
+                if (ref($doms_by_intdom{$inc}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    push(@{$trusted},@{$doms_by_intdom{$inc}});
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+}
+
+sub will_trust {
+    my ($cmdtype,$domain,$possdom) = @_;
+    return 1 if ($domain eq $possdom);
+    my ($trustedref,$untrustedref) = &trusted_domains($cmdtype,$possdom);
+    my $willtrust; 
+    if ((ref($trustedref) eq 'ARRAY') && (@{$trustedref} > 0)) {
+        if (grep(/^\Q$domain\E$/,@{$trustedref})) {
+            $willtrust = 1;
+        }
+    } elsif ((ref($untrustedref) eq 'ARRAY') && (@{$untrustedref} > 0)) {
+        unless (grep(/^\Q$domain\E$/,@{$untrustedref})) {
+            $willtrust = 1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        $willtrust = 1;
+    }
+    return $willtrust;
+}
+
 # ---------------------- Find the homebase for a user from domain's lib servers
 
 my %homecache;
@@ -1546,17 +1874,33 @@ sub homeserver {
     return 'no_host';
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------- Find the usernames behind a list of IDs
+# ----- Find the usernames behind a list of student/employee IDs or clicker IDs
 
 sub idget {
-    my ($udom,@ids)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$idsref,$namespace)=@_;
     my %returnhash=();
+    my @ids=(); 
+    if (ref($idsref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        @ids = @{$idsref};
+    } else {
+        return %returnhash; 
+    }
+    if ($namespace eq '') {
+        $namespace = 'ids';
+    }
     
     my %servers = &get_servers($udom,'library');
     foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
-	my $idlist=join('&',@ids);
-	$idlist=~tr/A-Z/a-z/; 
-	my $reply=&reply("idget:$udom:".$idlist,$tryserver);
+	my $idlist=join('&', map { &escape($_); } @ids);
+	if ($namespace eq 'ids') {
+	    $idlist=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
+	}
+	my $reply;
+	if ($namespace eq 'ids') {
+	    $reply=&reply("idget:$udom:".$idlist,$tryserver);
+	} else {
+	    $reply=&reply("getdom:$udom:$namespace:$idlist",$tryserver);
+	}
 	my @answer=();
 	if (($reply ne 'con_lost') && ($reply!~/^error\:/)) {
 	    @answer=split(/\&/,$reply);
@@ -1564,10 +1908,10 @@ sub idget {
 	my $i;
 	for ($i=0;$i<=$#ids;$i++) {
 	    if ($answer[$i]) {
-		$returnhash{$ids[$i]}=$answer[$i];
-	    } 
+		$returnhash{$ids[$i]}=&unescape($answer[$i]);
+	    }
 	}
-    } 
+    }
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
@@ -1582,60 +1926,141 @@ sub idrget {
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
-# ------------------------------- Store away a list of names and associated IDs
+# Store away a list of names and associated student/employee IDs or clicker IDs
 
 sub idput {
-    my ($udom,%ids)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$idsref,$uhom,$namespace)=@_;
     my %servers=();
+    my %ids=();
+    my %byid = ();
+    if (ref($idsref) eq 'HASH') {
+        %ids=%{$idsref};
+    }
+    if ($namespace eq '') {
+        $namespace = 'ids'; 
+    }
     foreach my $uname (keys(%ids)) {
 	&cput('environment',{'id'=>$ids{$uname}},$udom,$uname);
-        my $uhom=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        if ($uhom eq '') {
+            $uhom=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        }
         if ($uhom ne 'no_host') {
-            my $id=&escape($ids{$uname});
-            $id=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
             my $esc_unam=&escape($uname);
-	    if ($servers{$uhom}) {
-		$servers{$uhom}.='&'.$id.'='.$esc_unam;
+            if ($namespace eq 'ids') {
+                my $id=&escape($ids{$uname});
+                $id=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
+                my $esc_unam=&escape($uname);
+                $servers{$uhom}.=$id.'='.$esc_unam.'&';
             } else {
-                $servers{$uhom}=$id.'='.$esc_unam;
+                my @currids = split(/,/,$ids{$uname});
+                foreach my $id (@currids) {
+                    $byid{$uhom}{$id} .= $uname.',';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($namespace eq 'clickers') {
+        foreach my $server (keys(%byid)) {
+            if (ref($byid{$server}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $id (keys(%{$byid{$server}})) {
+                    $byid{$server} =~ s/,$//;
+                    $servers{$uhom}.=&escape($id).'='.&escape($byid{$server}).'&'; 
+                }
             }
         }
     }
     foreach my $server (keys(%servers)) {
-        &critical('idput:'.$udom.':'.$servers{$server},$server);
+        $servers{$server} =~ s/\&$//;
+        if ($namespace eq 'ids') {     
+            &critical('idput:'.$udom.':'.$servers{$server},$server);
+        } else {
+            &critical('updateclickers:'.$udom.':add:'.$servers{$server},$server);
+        }
     }
 }
 
-# ---------------------------------------- Delete unwanted IDs from ids.db file
+# ------------- Delete unwanted student/employee IDs or clicker IDs from domain
 
 sub iddel {
-    my ($udom,$idshashref,$uhome)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$idshashref,$uhome,$namespace)=@_;
     my %result=();
-    unless (ref($idshashref) eq 'HASH') {
+    my %ids=();
+    my %byid = ();
+    if (ref($idshashref) eq 'HASH') {
+        %ids=%{$idshashref};
+    } else {
         return %result;
     }
+    if ($namespace eq '') {
+        $namespace = 'ids';
+    }
     my %servers=();
-    while (my ($id,$uname) = each(%{$idshashref})) {
-        my $uhom;
-        if ($uhome) {
-            $uhom = $uhome;
-        } else {
-            $uhom=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
-        }
-        if ($uhom ne 'no_host') {
-            if ($servers{$uhom}) {
+    while (my ($id,$unamestr) = each(%ids)) {
+        if ($namespace eq 'ids') {
+            my $uhom = $uhome;
+            if ($uhom eq '') { 
+                $uhom=&homeserver($unamestr,$udom);
+            }
+            if ($uhom ne 'no_host') {
                 $servers{$uhom}.='&'.&escape($id);
-            } else {
-                $servers{$uhom}=&escape($id);
+            }
+         } else {
+            my @curritems = split(/,/,$ids{$id});
+            foreach my $uname (@curritems) {
+                my $uhom = $uhome;
+                if ($uhom eq '') {
+                    $uhom=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+                }
+                if ($uhom ne 'no_host') { 
+                    $byid{$uhom}{$id} .= $uname.',';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($namespace eq 'clickers') {
+        foreach my $server (keys(%byid)) {
+            if (ref($byid{$server}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $id (keys(%{$byid{$server}})) {
+                    $byid{$server}{$id} =~ s/,$//;
+                    $servers{$server}.=&escape($id).'='.&escape($byid{$server}{$id}).'&';
+                }
             }
         }
     }
     foreach my $server (keys(%servers)) {
-        $result{$server} = &critical('iddel:'.$udom.':'.$servers{$server},$uhome);
+        $servers{$server} =~ s/\&$//;
+        if ($namespace eq 'ids') {
+            $result{$server} = &critical('iddel:'.$udom.':'.$servers{$server},$uhome);
+        } elsif ($namespace eq 'clickers') {
+            $result{$server} = &critical('updateclickers:'.$udom.':del:'.$servers{$server},$server);
+        }
     }
     return %result;
 }
 
+# ----- Update clicker ID-to-username look-ups in clickers.db on library server 
+
+sub updateclickers {
+    my ($udom,$action,$idshashref,$uhome,$critical) = @_;
+    my %clickers;
+    if (ref($idshashref) eq 'HASH') {
+        %clickers=%{$idshashref};
+    } else {
+        return;
+    }
+    my $items='';
+    foreach my $item (keys(%clickers)) {
+        $items.=&escape($item).'='.&escape($clickers{$item}).'&';
+    }
+    $items=~s/\&$//;
+    my $request = "updateclickers:$udom:$action:$items";
+    if ($critical) {
+        return &critical($request,$uhome);
+    } else {
+        return &reply($request,$uhome);
+    }
+}
+
 # ------------------------------dump from db file owned by domainconfig user
 sub dump_dom {
     my ($namespace, $udom, $regexp) = @_;
@@ -1673,7 +2098,12 @@ sub get_dom {
         }
     }
     if ($udom && $uhome && ($uhome ne 'no_host')) {
-        my $rep=&reply("getdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        my $rep;
+        if ($namespace =~ /^enc/) {
+            $rep=&reply("encrypt:egetdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        } else {
+            $rep=&reply("getdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        }
         my %returnhash;
         if ($rep eq '' || $rep =~ /^error: 2 /) {
             return %returnhash;
@@ -1717,7 +2147,11 @@ sub put_dom {
             $items.=&escape($item).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$item}).'&';
         }
         $items=~s/\&$//;
-        return &reply("putdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        if ($namespace =~ /^enc/) {
+            return &reply("encrypt:putdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        } else {
+            return &reply("putdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        }
     } else {
         &logthis("put_dom failed - no homeserver and/or domain");
     }
@@ -1793,7 +2227,7 @@ sub retrieve_inst_usertypes {
 
 sub is_domainimage {
     my ($url) = @_;
-    if ($url=~m-^/+res/+($match_domain)/+\1\-domainconfig/+(img|logo|domlogo)/+-) {
+    if ($url=~m-^/+res/+($match_domain)/+\1\-domainconfig/+(img|logo|domlogo)/+[^/]-) {
         if (&domain($1) ne '') {
             return '1';
         }
@@ -1808,13 +2242,23 @@ sub inst_directory_query {
     my $homeserver = &domain($udom,'primary');
     my $outcome;
     if ($homeserver ne '') {
+        unless ($homeserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+            if ($srch->{'srchby'} eq 'email') {
+                my $lcrev = &get_server_loncaparev(undef,$homeserver);
+                my ($major,$minor) = ($lcrev =~ /^\'?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.[\w.\-]+\'?$/);
+                if (($major eq '' && $minor eq '') || ($major < 2) ||
+                    (($major == 2) && ($minor < 12))) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
 	my $queryid=&reply("querysend:instdirsearch:".
 			   &escape($srch->{'srchby'}).':'.
 			   &escape($srch->{'srchterm'}).':'.
 			   &escape($srch->{'srchtype'}),$homeserver);
 	my $host=&hostname($homeserver);
 	if ($queryid !~/^\Q$host\E\_/) {
-	    &logthis('instituional directory search invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$homeserver.'in domain '.$udom);
+	    &logthis('institutional directory search invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$homeserver.' in domain '.$udom);
 	    return;
 	}
 	my $response = &get_query_reply($queryid);
@@ -1849,6 +2293,14 @@ sub usersearch {
     my $query = 'usersearch';
     foreach my $tryserver (keys(%libserv)) {
         if (&host_domain($tryserver) eq $dom) {
+            unless ($tryserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+                if ($srch->{'srchby'} eq 'email') {
+                    my $lcrev = &get_server_loncaparev(undef,$tryserver);
+                    my ($major,$minor) = ($lcrev =~ /^\'?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.[\w.\-]+\'?$/);
+                    next if (($major eq '' && $minor eq '') || ($major < 2) ||
+                             (($major == 2) && ($minor < 12)));
+                }
+            }
             my $host=&hostname($tryserver);
             my $queryid=
                 &reply("querysend:".&escape($query).':'.
@@ -1934,6 +2386,63 @@ sub get_instuser {
     return ($outcome,%userinfo);
 }
 
+sub get_multiple_instusers {
+    my ($udom,$users,$caller) = @_;
+    my ($outcome,$results);
+    if (ref($users) eq 'HASH') {
+        my $count = keys(%{$users}); 
+        my $requested = &freeze_escape($users);
+        my $homeserver = &domain($udom,'primary');
+        if ($homeserver ne '') {
+            my $queryid=&reply('querysend:getmultinstusers:::'.$caller.'='.$requested,$homeserver);
+            my $host=&hostname($homeserver);
+            if ($queryid !~/^\Q$host\E\_/) {
+                &logthis('get_multiple_instusers invalid queryid: '.$queryid.
+                         ' for host: '.$homeserver.'in domain '.$udom);
+                return ($outcome,$results);
+            }
+            my $response = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+            my $maxtries = 5;
+            if ($count > 100) {
+                $maxtries = 1+int($count/20);
+            }
+            my $tries = 1;
+            while (($response=~/^timeout/) && ($tries <= $maxtries)) {
+                $response = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+                $tries ++;
+            }
+            if ($response eq '') {
+                $results = {};
+                foreach my $key (keys(%{$users})) {
+                    my ($uname,$id);
+                    if ($caller eq 'id') {
+                        $id = $key;
+                    } else {
+                        $uname = $key;
+                    }
+                    my ($resp,%info) = &get_instuser($udom,$uname,$id);
+                    $outcome = $resp;
+                    if ($resp eq 'ok') {
+                        %{$results} = (%{$results}, %info);
+                    } else {
+                        last;
+                    }
+                }
+            } elsif(!&error($response) && ($response ne 'refused')) {
+                if (($response eq 'unavailable') || ($response eq 'invalid') || ($response eq 'timeout')) {
+                    $outcome = $response;
+                } else {
+                    ($outcome,my $userdata) = split(/=/,$response,2);
+                    if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+                        $results = &thaw_unescape($userdata); 
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($outcome,$results);
+}
+
 sub inst_rulecheck {
     my ($udom,$uname,$id,$item,$rules) = @_;
     my %returnhash;
@@ -2030,8 +2539,9 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
                                   'requestcourses','inststatus',
                                   'coursedefaults','usersessions',
                                   'requestauthor','selfenrollment',
-                                  'coursecategories'],$domain);
-    my @coursetypes = ('official','unofficial','community','textbook');
+                                  'coursecategories','ssl','autoenroll',
+                                  'trust','helpsettings'],$domain);
+    my @coursetypes = ('official','unofficial','community','textbook','placement');
     if (ref($domconfig{'defaults'}) eq 'HASH') {
         $domdefaults{'lang_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'lang_def'}; 
         $domdefaults{'auth_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'auth_def'};
@@ -2039,6 +2549,9 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
         $domdefaults{'timezone_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'timezone_def'};
         $domdefaults{'datelocale_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'datelocale_def'};
         $domdefaults{'portal_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'portal_def'};
+        $domdefaults{'intauth_cost'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'intauth_cost'};
+        $domdefaults{'intauth_switch'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'intauth_switch'};
+        $domdefaults{'intauth_check'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'intauth_check'};
     } else {
         $domdefaults{'lang_def'} = &domain($domain,'lang_def');
         $domdefaults{'auth_def'} = &domain($domain,'auth_def');
@@ -2061,7 +2574,7 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
         }
     }
     if (ref($domconfig{'requestcourses'}) eq 'HASH') {
-        foreach my $item ('official','unofficial','community','textbook') {
+        foreach my $item ('official','unofficial','community','textbook','placement') {
             $domdefaults{$item} = $domconfig{'requestcourses'}{$item};
         }
     }
@@ -2074,6 +2587,7 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
         }
     }
     if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $domdefaults{'canuse_pdfforms'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canuse_pdfforms'};
         $domdefaults{'usejsme'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'usejsme'};
         $domdefaults{'uselcmath'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'uselcmath'};
         if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'postsubmit'}) eq 'HASH') {
@@ -2090,11 +2604,24 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
             }
             if ($domdefaults{'postsubmit'} eq 'on') {
                 if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'postsubmit'}{'timeout'}) eq 'HASH') {
-                    $domdefaults{$type.'postsubtimeout'} =
-                        $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'postsubmit'}{'timeout'}{$type};
+                    $domdefaults{$type.'postsubtimeout'} = 
+                        $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'postsubmit'}{'timeout'}{$type}; 
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'}{'instcode'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                my @clonecodes = @{$domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'}{'instcode'}};
+                if (@clonecodes) {
+                    $domdefaults{'canclone'} = join('+',@clonecodes);
                 }
             }
+        } elsif ($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'}) {
+            $domdefaults{'canclone'}=$domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'};
         }
+        if ($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'texengine'}) {
+            $domdefaults{'texengine'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'texengine'};
+        } 
     }
     if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}) eq 'HASH') {
         if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'remote'}) eq 'HASH') {
@@ -2138,17 +2665,61 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
     if (ref($domconfig{'coursecategories'}) eq 'HASH') {
         $domdefaults{'catauth'} = 'std';
         $domdefaults{'catunauth'} = 'std';
-        if ($domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'auth'}) {
+        if ($domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'auth'}) { 
             $domdefaults{'catauth'} = $domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'auth'};
         }
         if ($domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'unauth'}) {
             $domdefaults{'catunauth'} = $domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'unauth'};
         }
     }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}{'replication'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'replication'} = $domconfig{'ssl'}{'replication'};
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}{'connto'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'connect'} = $domconfig{'ssl'}{'connto'};
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}{'connfrom'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'connect'} = $domconfig{'ssl'}{'connfrom'};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'trust'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        my @prefixes = qw(content shared enroll othcoau coaurem domroles catalog reqcrs msg);
+        foreach my $prefix (@prefixes) {
+            if (ref($domconfig{'trust'}{$prefix}) eq 'HASH') {
+                $domdefaults{'trust'.$prefix} = $domconfig{'trust'}{$prefix};
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'autoenroll'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $domdefaults{'autofailsafe'} = $domconfig{'autoenroll'}{'autofailsafe'};
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'helpsettings'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $domdefaults{'submitbugs'} = $domconfig{'helpsettings'}{'submitbugs'};
+        if (ref($domconfig{'helpsettings'}{'adhoc'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'adhocroles'} = $domconfig{'helpsettings'}{'adhoc'};
+        }
+    }
     &do_cache_new('domdefaults',$domain,\%domdefaults,$cachetime);
     return %domdefaults;
 }
 
+sub course_portal_url {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom) = @_;
+    my $chome = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $hostname = &hostname($chome);
+    my $protocol = $protocol{$chome};
+    $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+    my %domdefaults = &get_domain_defaults($cdom);
+    my $firsturl;
+    if ($domdefaults{'portal_def'}) {
+        $firsturl = $domdefaults{'portal_def'};
+    } else {
+        $firsturl = $protocol.'://'.$hostname;
+    }
+    return $firsturl;
+}
+
 # --------------------------------------------------- Assign a key to a student
 
 sub assign_access_key {
@@ -2385,21 +2956,23 @@ sub make_key {
 sub devalidate_cache_new {
     my ($name,$id,$debug) = @_;
     if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("deleting $name:$id"); }
+    my $remembered_id=$name.':'.$id;
     $id=&make_key($name,$id);
     $memcache->delete($id);
-    delete($remembered{$id});
-    delete($accessed{$id});
+    delete($remembered{$remembered_id});
+    delete($accessed{$remembered_id});
 }
 
 sub is_cached_new {
     my ($name,$id,$debug) = @_;
-    $id=&make_key($name,$id);
-    if (exists($remembered{$id})) {
-	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("Early return $id of $remembered{$id} "); }
-	$accessed{$id}=[&gettimeofday()];
+    my $remembered_id=$name.':'.$id; # this is to avoid make_key (which is slow) whenever possible
+    if (exists($remembered{$remembered_id})) {
+	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("Early return $remembered_id of $remembered{$remembered_id} "); }
+	$accessed{$remembered_id}=[&gettimeofday()];
 	$hits++;
-	return ($remembered{$id},1);
+	return ($remembered{$remembered_id},1);
     }
+    $id=&make_key($name,$id);
     my $value = $memcache->get($id);
     if (!(defined($value))) {
 	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("getting $id is not defined"); }
@@ -2409,13 +2982,14 @@ sub is_cached_new {
 	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("getting $id is __undef__"); }
 	$value=undef;
     }
-    &make_room($id,$value,$debug);
+    &make_room($remembered_id,$value,$debug);
     if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("getting $id is $value"); }
     return ($value,1);
 }
 
 sub do_cache_new {
     my ($name,$id,$value,$time,$debug) = @_;
+    my $remembered_id=$name.':'.$id;
     $id=&make_key($name,$id);
     my $setvalue=$value;
     if (!defined($setvalue)) {
@@ -2431,17 +3005,17 @@ sub do_cache_new {
 	$memcache->disconnect_all();
     }
     # need to make a copy of $value
-    &make_room($id,$value,$debug);
+    &make_room($remembered_id,$value,$debug);
     return $value;
 }
 
 sub make_room {
-    my ($id,$value,$debug)=@_;
+    my ($remembered_id,$value,$debug)=@_;
 
-    $remembered{$id}= (ref($value)) ? &Storable::dclone($value)
+    $remembered{$remembered_id}= (ref($value)) ? &Storable::dclone($value)
                                     : $value;
     if ($to_remember<0) { return; }
-    $accessed{$id}=[&gettimeofday()];
+    $accessed{$remembered_id}=[&gettimeofday()];
     if (scalar(keys(%remembered)) <= $to_remember) { return; }
     my $to_kick;
     my $max_time=0;
@@ -2653,9 +3227,13 @@ sub repcopy {
 		   mkdir($path,0777);
                }
            }
-           my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
            my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$remoteurl");
-           my $response=$ua->request($request,$transname);
+           my $response;
+           if ($remoteurl =~ m{/raw/}) {
+               $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$request,$transname,\%perlvar,'',0,1);
+           } else {
+               $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$request,$transname,\%perlvar,'',1);
+           }
            if ($response->is_error()) {
 	       unlink($transname);
                my $message=$response->status_line;
@@ -2665,7 +3243,12 @@ sub repcopy {
            } else {
 	       if ($remoteurl!~/\.meta$/) {
                   my $mrequest=new HTTP::Request('GET',$remoteurl.'.meta');
-                  my $mresponse=$ua->request($mrequest,$filename.'.meta');
+                  my $mresponse;
+                  if ($remoteurl =~ m{/raw/}) {
+                      $mresponse = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$mrequest,$filename.'.meta',\%perlvar,'',0,1);
+                  } else {
+                      $mresponse = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$mrequest,$filename.'.meta',\%perlvar,'',1);
+                  }
                   if ($mresponse->is_error()) {
 		      unlink($filename.'.meta');
                       &logthis(
@@ -2728,25 +3311,36 @@ sub absolute_url {
 sub ssi {
 
     my ($fn,%form)=@_;
-    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
     my $request;
 
     $form{'no_update_last_known'}=1;
     &Apache::lonenc::check_encrypt(\$fn);
     if (%form) {
       $request=new HTTP::Request('POST',&absolute_url().$fn);
-      $request->content(join('&',map {
+      $request->content(join('&',map { 
             my $name = escape($_);
-            "$name=" . ( ref($form{$_}) eq 'ARRAY'
-            ? join("&$name=", map {escape($_) } @{$form{$_}})
-            : &escape($form{$_}) );
+            "$name=" . ( ref($form{$_}) eq 'ARRAY' 
+            ? join("&$name=", map {escape($_) } @{$form{$_}}) 
+            : &escape($form{$_}) );    
         } keys(%form)));
     } else {
       $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',&absolute_url().$fn);
     }
 
     $request->header(Cookie => $ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'});
-    my $response= $ua->request($request);
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $islocal;
+    if (($env{'request.course.id'}) &&
+        ($form{'grade_courseid'} eq $env{'request.course.id'}) &&
+        ($form{'grade_username'} ne '') && ($form{'grade_domain'} ne '') &&
+        ($form{'grade_symb'} ne '') &&
+        (&Apache::lonnet::allowed('mgr',$env{'request.course.id'}.
+                                 ($env{'request.course.sec'}?'/'.$env{'request.course.sec'}:'')))) {
+        $islocal = 1;
+    }
+    my $response= &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($lonhost,$request,'',\%perlvar,
+                                                '','','',$islocal);
+
     if (wantarray) {
 	return ($response->content, $response);
     } else {
@@ -2756,9 +3350,8 @@ sub ssi {
 
 sub externalssi {
     my ($url)=@_;
-    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
     my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$url);
-    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+    my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest('',$request,'',\%perlvar);
     if (wantarray) {
         return ($response->content, $response);
     } else {
@@ -2766,6 +3359,71 @@ sub externalssi {
     }
 }
 
+
+# If the local copy of a replicated resource is outdated, trigger a  
+# connection from the homeserver to flush the delayed queue. If no update 
+# happens, remove local copies of outdated resource (and corresponding
+# metadata file).
+
+sub remove_stale_resfile {
+    my ($url) = @_;
+    my $removed;
+    if ($url=~m{^/res/($match_domain)/($match_username)/}) {
+        my $audom = $1;
+        my $auname = $2;
+        unless (($url =~ /\.\d+\.\w+$/) || ($url =~ m{^/res/lib/templates/})) {
+            my $homeserver = &homeserver($auname,$audom);
+            unless (($homeserver eq 'no_host') ||
+                    (grep { $_ eq $homeserver } &current_machine_ids())) {
+                my $fname = &filelocation('',$url);
+                if (-e $fname) {
+                    my $hostname = &hostname($homeserver);
+                    if ($hostname) {
+                        my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
+                        $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+                        my $uri = &declutter($url);
+                        my $request=new HTTP::Request('HEAD',$protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/raw/'.$uri);
+                        my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($homeserver,$request,'',\%perlvar,5,0,1);
+                        if ($response->is_success()) {
+                            my $remmodtime = &HTTP::Date::str2time( $response->header('Last-modified') );
+                            my $locmodtime = (stat($fname))[9];
+                            if ($locmodtime < $remmodtime) {
+                                my $stale;
+                                my $answer = &reply('pong',$homeserver);
+                                if ($answer eq $homeserver.':'.$perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+                                    sleep(0.2);
+                                    $locmodtime = (stat($fname))[9];
+                                    if ($locmodtime < $remmodtime) {
+                                        my $posstransfer = $fname.'.in.transfer';
+                                        if ((-e $posstransfer) && ($remmodtime < (stat($posstransfer))[9])) {
+                                            $removed = 1;
+                                        } else {
+                                            $stale = 1;
+                                        }
+                                    } else {
+                                        $removed = 1;
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    $stale = 1;
+                                }
+                                if ($stale) {
+                                    unlink($fname);
+                                    if ($uri!~/\.meta$/) {
+                                        unlink($fname.'.meta');
+                                    }
+                                    &reply("unsub:$fname",$homeserver);
+                                    $removed = 1;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $removed;
+}
+
 # -------------------------------- Allow a /uploaded/ URI to be vouched for
 
 sub allowuploaded {
@@ -2782,7 +3440,7 @@ sub allowuploaded {
 #
 # Determine if the current user should be able to edit a particular resource,
 # when viewing in course context.
-# (a) When viewing resource used to determine if "Edit" item is included in
+# (a) When viewing resource used to determine if "Edit" item is included in 
 #     Functions.
 # (b) When displaying folder contents in course editor, used to determine if
 #     "Edit" link will be displayed alongside resource.
@@ -2790,12 +3448,12 @@ sub allowuploaded {
 #  input: six args -- filename (decluttered), course number, course domain,
 #                   url, symb (if registered) and group (if this is a group
 #                   item -- e.g., bulletin board, group page etc.).
-#  output: array of five scalars --
+#  output: array of five scalars -- 
 #          $cfile -- url for file editing if editable on current server
 #          $home -- homeserver of resource (i.e., for author if published,
 #                                           or course if uploaded.).
 #          $switchserver --  1 if server switch will be needed.
-#          $forceedit -- 1 if icon/link should be to go to edit mode
+#          $forceedit -- 1 if icon/link should be to go to edit mode 
 #          $forceview -- 1 if icon/link should be to go to view mode
 #
 
@@ -2884,7 +3542,7 @@ sub can_edit_resource {
                     $forceedit = 1;
                 }
                 $cfile = $resurl;
-            } elsif (($resurl ne '') && (&is_on_map($resurl))) {
+            } elsif (($resurl ne '') && (&is_on_map($resurl))) { 
                 if ($resurl =~ m{^/adm/$match_domain/$match_username/\d+/smppg|bulletinboard$}) {
                     $incourse = 1;
                     if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
@@ -2904,6 +3562,14 @@ sub can_edit_resource {
                         $forceedit = 1;
                     }
                     $cfile = $resurl;
+                } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/ext\.tool$}) {
+                    $incourse = 1;
+                    if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                        $forceview = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $forceedit = 1;
+                    }
+                    $cfile = $resurl;
                 } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/?adm/viewclasslist$}) {
                     $incourse = 1;
                     if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
@@ -2915,7 +3581,7 @@ sub can_edit_resource {
                 }
             } elsif ($resurl eq '/res/lib/templates/simpleproblem.problem/smpedit') {
                 my $template = '/res/lib/templates/simpleproblem.problem';
-                if (&is_on_map($template)) {
+                if (&is_on_map($template)) { 
                     $incourse = 1;
                     $forceview = 1;
                     $cfile = $template;
@@ -2928,6 +3594,14 @@ sub can_edit_resource {
                         $forceedit = 1;
                     }
                     $cfile = $resurl;
+            } elsif (($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/ext\.tool$}) && ($env{'form.folderpath'} =~ /^supplemental/)) {
+                $incourse = 1;
+                if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                    $forceview = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $forceedit = 1;
+                }
+                $cfile = $resurl;
             } elsif (($resurl eq '/adm/extresedit') && ($symb || $env{'form.folderpath'})) {
                 $incourse = 1;
                 $forceview = 1;
@@ -2937,8 +3611,13 @@ sub can_edit_resource {
                     $cfile = &clutter($res);
                 } else {
                     $cfile = $env{'form.suppurl'};
-                    $cfile =~ s{^http://}{};
-                    $cfile = '/adm/wrapper/ext/'.$cfile;
+                    my $escfile = &unescape($cfile);
+                    if ($escfile =~ m{^/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/ext\.tool$}) {
+                        $cfile = '/adm/wrapper'.$escfile;
+                    } else {
+                        $escfile =~ s{^http://}{};
+                        $cfile = &escape("/adm/wrapper/ext/$escfile");
+                    }
                 }
             } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/?adm/viewclasslist$}) {
                 if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
@@ -2962,7 +3641,7 @@ sub can_edit_resource {
                 $cfile=$file;
             }
         }
-        if (($cfile ne '') && (!$incourse || $uploaded) &&
+        if (($cfile ne '') && (!$incourse || $uploaded) && 
             (($home ne '') && ($home ne 'no_host'))) {
             my @ids=&current_machine_ids();
             unless (grep(/^\Q$home\E$/,@ids)) {
@@ -2989,9 +3668,9 @@ sub in_course {
     if ($hideprivileged) {
         my $skipuser;
         my %coursehash = &coursedescription($cdom.'_'.$cnum);
-        my @possdoms = ($cdom);
-        if ($coursehash{'checkforpriv'}) {
-            push(@possdoms,split(/,/,$coursehash{'checkforpriv'}));
+        my @possdoms = ($cdom);  
+        if ($coursehash{'checkforpriv'}) { 
+            push(@possdoms,split(/,/,$coursehash{'checkforpriv'})); 
         }
         if (&privileged($uname,$udom,\@possdoms)) {
             $skipuser = 1;
@@ -3094,7 +3773,7 @@ sub process_coursefile {
                                  $home);
             }
         } elsif ($action eq 'uploaddoc') {
-            open(my $fh,'>'.$filepath.'/'.$fname);
+            open(my $fh,'>',$filepath.'/'.$fname);
             print $fh $env{'form.'.$source};
             close($fh);
             if ($parser eq 'parse') {
@@ -3152,7 +3831,7 @@ sub store_edited_file {
     ($fpath,$fname) = ($file =~ m|^(.*)/([^/]+)$|);
     $fpath=$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$fpath;
     my $filepath = &build_filepath($fpath);
-    open(my $fh,'>'.$filepath.'/'.$fname);
+    open(my $fh,'>',$filepath.'/'.$fname);
     print $fh $content;
     close($fh);
     my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
@@ -3268,12 +3947,12 @@ sub userfileupload {
                          '_'.$env{'user.domain'}.'/pending';
         } elsif (($context eq 'existingfile') || ($context eq 'canceloverwrite')) {
             my ($docuname,$docudom);
-            if ($destudom) {
+            if ($destudom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
                 $docudom = $destudom;
             } else {
                 $docudom = $env{'user.domain'};
             }
-            if ($destuname) {
+            if ($destuname =~ /^$match_username$/) {
                 $docuname = $destuname;
             } else {
                 $docuname = $env{'user.name'};
@@ -3303,7 +3982,7 @@ sub userfileupload {
                 mkdir($fullpath,0777);
             }
         }
-        open(my $fh,'>'.$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
+        open(my $fh,'>',$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
         print $fh $env{'form.'.$formname};
         close($fh);
         if ($context eq 'existingfile') {
@@ -3378,7 +4057,7 @@ sub finishuserfileupload {
 
 # Save the file
     {
-	if (!open(FH,'>'.$filepath.'/'.$file)) {
+	if (!open(FH,'>',$filepath.'/'.$file)) {
 	    &logthis('Failed to create '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
 	    print STDERR ('Failed to create '.$filepath.'/'.$file."\n");
 	    return '/adm/notfound.html';
@@ -3436,7 +4115,8 @@ sub finishuserfileupload {
         my $input = $filepath.'/'.$file;
         my $output = $filepath.'/'.'tn-'.$file;
         my $thumbsize = $thumbwidth.'x'.$thumbheight;
-        system("convert -sample $thumbsize $input $output");
+        my @args = ('convert','-sample',$thumbsize,$input,$output);
+        system({$args[0]} @args);
         if (-e $filepath.'/'.'tn-'.$file) {
             $fetchthumb  = 1; 
         }
@@ -3495,7 +4175,7 @@ sub extract_embedded_items {
 	    }
 	    if (lc($tagname) eq 'a') {
                 unless (($attr->{'href'} =~ /^#/) || ($attr->{'href'} eq '')) {
-		    &add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'href'},'href');
+                    &add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'href'},'href');
                 }
 	    }
             if (lc($tagname) eq 'script') {
@@ -3820,7 +4500,7 @@ sub flushcourselogs {
         }
     }
 #
-# Reverse lookup of domain roles (dc, ad, li, sc, au)
+# Reverse lookup of domain roles (dc, ad, li, sc, dh, da, au)
 #
     my %domrolebuffer = ();
     foreach my $entry (keys(%domainrolehash)) {
@@ -3835,10 +4515,19 @@ sub flushcourselogs {
         delete $domainrolehash{$entry};
     }
     foreach my $dom (keys(%domrolebuffer)) {
-	my %servers = &get_servers($dom,'library');
+	my %servers;
+	if (defined(&domain($dom,'primary'))) {
+	    my $primary=&domain($dom,'primary');
+	    my $hostname=&hostname($primary);
+	    $servers{$primary} = $hostname;
+	} else { 
+	    %servers = &get_servers($dom,'library');
+	}
 	foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
-	    unless (&reply('domroleput:'.$dom.':'.
-			   $domrolebuffer{$dom},$tryserver) eq 'ok') {
+	    if (&reply('domroleput:'.$dom.':'.
+		       $domrolebuffer{$dom},$tryserver) eq 'ok') {
+		last;
+	    } else {  
 		&logthis('Put of domain roles failed for '.$dom.' and  '.$tryserver);
 	    }
         }
@@ -3958,7 +4647,7 @@ sub userrolelog {
          {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}.':'}
                     =$tend.':'.$tstart;
     }
-    if ($trole =~ /^(dc|ad|li|au|dg|sc)/ ) {
+    if ($trole =~ /^(dc|ad|li|au|dg|sc|dh|da)/ ) {
        my (undef,$rudom,$runame,$rsec)=split(/\//,$area);
        $domainrolehash
          {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$runame.':'.$rudom.':'.$rsec}
@@ -4166,7 +4855,7 @@ sub get_my_roles {
             } else {
                 my $possdoms = [$domain];
                 if (ref($roledoms) eq 'ARRAY') {
-                   push(@{$possdoms},@{$roledoms});
+                   push(@{$possdoms},@{$roledoms}); 
                 }
                 if (&privileged($username,$domain,$possdoms,\@privroles)) {
                     if (!$nothide{$username.':'.$domain}) {
@@ -4185,6 +4874,195 @@ sub get_my_roles {
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
+sub get_all_adhocroles {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my @roles_by_num = ();
+    my %domdefaults = &get_domain_defaults($dom);
+    my (%description,%access_in_dom,%access_info);
+    if (ref($domdefaults{'adhocroles'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        my $count = 0;
+        my %domcurrent = %{$domdefaults{'adhocroles'}};
+        my %ordered;
+        foreach my $role (sort(keys(%domcurrent))) {
+            my ($order,$desc,$access_in_dom);
+            if (ref($domcurrent{$role}) eq 'HASH') {
+                $order = $domcurrent{$role}{'order'};
+                $desc = $domcurrent{$role}{'desc'};
+                $access_in_dom{$role} = $domcurrent{$role}{'access'};
+                $access_info{$role} = $domcurrent{$role}{$access_in_dom{$role}};
+            }
+            if ($order eq '') {
+                $order = $count;
+            }
+            $ordered{$order} = $role;
+            if ($desc ne '') {
+                $description{$role} = $desc;
+            } else {
+                $description{$role}= $role;
+            }
+            $count++;
+        }
+        foreach my $item (sort {$a <=> $b } (keys(%ordered))) {
+            push(@roles_by_num,$ordered{$item});
+        }
+    }
+    return (\@roles_by_num,\%description,\%access_in_dom,\%access_info);
+}
+
+sub get_my_adhocroles {
+    my ($cid,$checkreg) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,%info,@possroles,$description,$roles_by_num);
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'} eq $cid) {
+        $cdom = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+        $cnum = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'};
+        $info{'internal.coursecode'} = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.internal.coursecode'};
+    } elsif ($cid =~ /^($match_domain)_($match_courseid)$/) {
+        $cdom = $1;
+        $cnum = $2;
+        %info = &Apache::lonnet::get('environment',['internal.coursecode'],
+                                     $cdom,$cnum);
+    }
+    if (($info{'internal.coursecode'} ne '') && ($checkreg)) {
+        my $user = $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+        my %rosterhash = &get('classlist',[$user],$cdom,$cnum);
+        if ($rosterhash{$user} ne '') {
+            my $type = (split(/:/,$rosterhash{$user}))[5];
+            return ([],{}) if ($type eq 'auto');
+        }
+    }
+    if (($cdom ne '') && ($cnum ne ''))  {
+        if (($env{"user.role.dh./$cdom/"}) || ($env{"user.role.da./$cdom/"})) {
+            my $then=$env{'user.login.time'};
+            my $update=$env{'user.update.time'};
+            if (!$update) {
+                $update = $then;
+            }
+            my @liveroles;
+            foreach my $role ('dh','da') {
+                if ($env{"user.role.$role./$cdom/"}) {
+                    my ($tstart,$tend)=split(/\./,$env{"user.role.$role./$cdom/"});
+                    my $limit = $update;
+                    if ($env{'request.role'} eq "$role./$cdom/") {
+                        $limit = $then;
+                    }
+                    my $activerole = 1;
+                    if ($tstart && $tstart>$limit) { $activerole = 0; }
+                    if ($tend   && $tend  <$limit) { $activerole = 0; }
+                    if ($activerole) {
+                        push(@liveroles,$role);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (@liveroles) {
+                if (&homeserver($cnum,$cdom) ne 'no_host') {
+                    my ($accessref,$accessinfo,%access_in_dom);
+                    ($roles_by_num,$description,$accessref,$accessinfo) = &get_all_adhocroles($cdom);
+                    if (ref($roles_by_num) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                        if (@{$roles_by_num}) {
+                            my %settings;
+                            if ($env{'request.course.id'} eq $cid) {
+                                foreach my $envkey (keys(%env)) {
+                                    if ($envkey =~ /^\Qcourse.$cid.\E(internal\.adhoc.+)$/) {
+                                        $settings{$1} = $env{$envkey};
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                %settings = &dump('environment',$cdom,$cnum,'internal\.adhoc');
+                            }
+                            my %setincrs;
+                            if ($settings{'internal.adhocaccess'}) {
+                                map { $setincrs{$_} = 1; } split(/,/,$settings{'internal.adhocaccess'});
+                            }
+                            my @statuses;
+                            if ($env{'environment.inststatus'}) {
+                                @statuses = split(/,/,$env{'environment.inststatus'});
+                            }
+                            my $user = $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+                            if (ref($accessref) eq 'HASH') {
+                                %access_in_dom = %{$accessref};
+                            }
+                            foreach my $role (@{$roles_by_num}) {
+                                my ($curraccess,@okstatus,@personnel);
+                                if ($setincrs{$role}) {
+                                    ($curraccess,my $rest) = split(/=/,$settings{'internal.adhoc.'.$role});
+                                    if ($curraccess eq 'status') {
+                                        @okstatus = split(/\&/,$rest);
+                                    } elsif (($curraccess eq 'exc') || ($curraccess eq 'inc')) {
+                                        @personnel = split(/\&/,$rest);
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    $curraccess = $access_in_dom{$role};
+                                    if (ref($accessinfo) eq 'HASH') {
+                                        if ($curraccess eq 'status') {
+                                            if (ref($accessinfo->{$role}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                                @okstatus = @{$accessinfo->{$role}};
+                                            }
+                                        } elsif (($curraccess eq 'exc') || ($curraccess eq 'inc')) {
+                                            if (ref($accessinfo->{$role}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                                @personnel = @{$accessinfo->{$role}};
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                if ($curraccess eq 'none') {
+                                    next;
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'all') {
+                                    push(@possroles,$role);
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'dh') {
+                                    if (grep(/^dh$/,@liveroles)) {
+                                        push(@possroles,$role);
+                                    } else {
+                                        next;
+                                    }
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'da') {
+                                    if (grep(/^da$/,@liveroles)) {
+                                        push(@possroles,$role);
+                                    } else {
+                                        next;
+                                    }
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'status') {
+                                    if (@okstatus) {
+                                        if (!@statuses) {
+                                            if (grep(/^default$/,@okstatus)) {
+                                                push(@possroles,$role);
+                                            }
+                                        } else {
+                                            foreach my $status (@okstatus) {
+                                                if (grep(/^\Q$status\E$/,@statuses)) {
+                                                    push(@possroles,$role);
+                                                    last;
+                                                }
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                } elsif (($curraccess eq 'exc') || ($curraccess eq 'inc')) {
+                                    if (grep(/^\Q$user\E$/,@personnel)) {
+                                        if ($curraccess eq 'exc') {
+                                            push(@possroles,$role);
+                                        }
+                                    } elsif ($curraccess eq 'inc') {
+                                        push(@possroles,$role);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unless (ref($description) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($roles_by_num) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            my %desc;
+            map { $desc{$_} = $_; } (@{$roles_by_num});
+            $description = \%desc;
+        } else {
+            $description = {};
+        }
+    }
+    return (\@possroles,$description);
+}
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------- Frontpage Announcements
 #
 #
@@ -4198,7 +5076,7 @@ sub postannounce {
 
 sub getannounce {
 
-    if (open(my $fh,$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/announcement.txt')) {
+    if (open(my $fh,"<",$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/announcement.txt')) {
 	my $announcement='';
 	while (my $line = <$fh>) { $announcement .= $line; }
 	close($fh);
@@ -4261,7 +5139,7 @@ sub courseiddump {
         $coursefilter,$hostidflag,$hostidref,$typefilter,$regexp_ok,
         $selfenrollonly,$catfilter,$showhidden,$caller,$cloner,$cc_clone,
         $cloneonly,$createdbefore,$createdafter,$creationcontext,$domcloner,
-        $hasuniquecode)=@_;
+        $hasuniquecode,$reqcrsdom,$reqinstcode)=@_;
     my $as_hash = 1;
     my %returnhash;
     if (!$domfilter) { $domfilter=''; }
@@ -4274,17 +5152,18 @@ sub courseiddump {
 	    if (($domfilter eq '') ||
 		(&host_domain($tryserver) eq $domfilter)) {
                 my $rep;
-                if (grep { $_ eq $tryserver } &current_machine_ids()) {
-                    $rep = &LONCAPA::Lond::dump_course_id_handler(
-                        join(":", (&host_domain($tryserver), $sincefilter,
-                                &escape($descfilter), &escape($instcodefilter),
+                if (grep { $_ eq $tryserver } current_machine_ids()) {
+                    $rep = LONCAPA::Lond::dump_course_id_handler(
+                        join(":", (&host_domain($tryserver), $sincefilter, 
+                                &escape($descfilter), &escape($instcodefilter), 
                                 &escape($ownerfilter), &escape($coursefilter),
-                                &escape($typefilter), &escape($regexp_ok),
-                                $as_hash, &escape($selfenrollonly),
-                                &escape($catfilter), $showhidden, $caller,
-                                &escape($cloner), &escape($cc_clone), $cloneonly,
-                                &escape($createdbefore), &escape($createdafter),
-                                &escape($creationcontext), $domcloner, $hasuniquecode)));
+                                &escape($typefilter), &escape($regexp_ok), 
+                                $as_hash, &escape($selfenrollonly), 
+                                &escape($catfilter), $showhidden, $caller, 
+                                &escape($cloner), &escape($cc_clone), $cloneonly, 
+                                &escape($createdbefore), &escape($createdafter), 
+                                &escape($creationcontext),$domcloner,$hasuniquecode,
+                                $reqcrsdom,&escape($reqinstcode))));
                 } else {
                     $rep = &reply('courseiddump:'.&host_domain($tryserver).':'.
                              $sincefilter.':'.&escape($descfilter).':'.
@@ -4295,10 +5174,10 @@ sub courseiddump {
                              $showhidden.':'.$caller.':'.&escape($cloner).':'.
                              &escape($cc_clone).':'.$cloneonly.':'.
                              &escape($createdbefore).':'.&escape($createdafter).':'.
-                             &escape($creationcontext).':'.$domcloner.':'.$hasuniquecode,
-                             $tryserver);
+                             &escape($creationcontext).':'.$domcloner.':'.$hasuniquecode.
+                             ':'.$reqcrsdom.':'.&escape($reqinstcode),$tryserver);
                 }
-
+                     
                 my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
                 foreach my $item (@pairs) {
                     my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$item,2);
@@ -4424,6 +5303,21 @@ sub get_domain_roles {
     return %personnel;
 }
 
+sub get_active_domroles {
+    my ($dom,$roles) = @_;
+    return () unless (ref($roles) eq 'ARRAY');
+    my $now = time;
+    my %dompersonnel = &get_domain_roles($dom,$roles,$now,$now);
+    my %domroles;
+    foreach my $server (keys(%dompersonnel)) {
+        foreach my $user (sort(keys(%{$dompersonnel{$server}}))) {
+            my ($trole,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec) = split(/:/,$user);
+            $domroles{$uname.':'.$udom} = $dompersonnel{$server}{$user};
+        }
+    }
+    return %domroles;
+}
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------------- Interval timing 
 
 {
@@ -4435,12 +5329,13 @@ my $cachedkey='';
 # The cached times for this user
 my %cachedtimes=();
 # When this was last done
-my $cachedtime=();
+my $cachedtime='';
 
 sub load_all_first_access {
-    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
+    my ($uname,$udom,$ignorecache)=@_;
     if (($cachedkey eq $uname.':'.$udom) &&
-        (abs($cachedtime-time)<5) && (!$env{'form.markaccess'})) {
+        (abs($cachedtime-time)<5) && (!$env{'form.markaccess'}) &&
+        (!$ignorecache)) {
         return;
     }
     $cachedtime=time;
@@ -4449,7 +5344,7 @@ sub load_all_first_access {
 }
 
 sub get_first_access {
-    my ($type,$argsymb,$argmap)=@_;
+    my ($type,$argsymb,$argmap,$ignorecache)=@_;
     my ($symb,$courseid,$udom,$uname)=&whichuser();
     if ($argsymb) { $symb=$argsymb; }
     my ($map,$id,$res)=&decode_symb($symb);
@@ -4461,7 +5356,7 @@ sub get_first_access {
     } else {
 	$res=$symb;
     }
-    &load_all_first_access($uname,$udom);
+    &load_all_first_access($uname,$udom,$ignorecache);
     return $cachedtimes{"$courseid\0$res"};
 }
 
@@ -4478,7 +5373,12 @@ sub set_first_access {
     }
     $cachedkey='';
     my $firstaccess=&get_first_access($type,$symb,$map);
-    if (!$firstaccess) {
+    if ($firstaccess) {
+        &logthis("First access time already set ($firstaccess) when attempting ".
+                 "to set new value (type: $type, extent: $res) for $uname:$udom ".
+                 "in $courseid");
+        return 'already_set';
+    } else {
         my $start = time;
 	my $putres = &put('firstaccesstimes',{"$courseid\0$res"=>$start},
                           $udom,$uname);
@@ -4491,6 +5391,12 @@ sub set_first_access {
                         'course.'.$courseid.'.timerinterval.'.$res => $interval,
                      }
                   );
+            if (($cachedtime) && (abs($start-$cachedtime) < 5)) {
+                $cachedtimes{"$courseid\0$res"} = $start;
+            }
+        } elsif ($putres ne 'refused') {
+            &logthis("Result: $putres when attempting to set first access time ".
+                     "(type: $type, extent: $res) for $uname:$udom in $courseid");
         }
         return $putres;
     }
@@ -4498,91 +5404,6 @@ sub set_first_access {
 }
 }
 
-sub checkout {
-    my ($symb,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid)=@_;
-    my $now=time;
-    my $lonhost=$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
-    my $infostr=&escape(
-                 'CHECKOUTTOKEN&'.
-                 $tuname.'&'.
-                 $tudom.'&'.
-                 $tcrsid.'&'.
-                 $symb.'&'.
-                 $now.'&'.$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
-    my $token=&reply('tmpput:'.$infostr,$lonhost);
-    if ($token=~/^error\:/) {
-        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
-                "Checkout tmpput failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
-                 "</font>");
-        return '';
-    }
-
-    $token=~s/^(\d+)\_.*\_(\d+)$/$1\*$2\*$lonhost/;
-    $token=~tr/a-z/A-Z/;
-
-    my %infohash=('resource.0.outtoken' => $token,
-                  'resource.0.checkouttime' => $now,
-                  'resource.0.outremote' => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
-
-    unless (&cstore(\%infohash,$symb,$tcrsid,$tudom,$tuname) eq 'ok') {
-       return '';
-    } else {
-        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
-                "Checkout cstore failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
-                 "</font>");
-    }
-
-    if (&log($tudom,$tuname,&homeserver($tuname,$tudom),
-                         &escape('Checkout '.$infostr.' - '.
-                                                 $token)) ne 'ok') {
-        return '';
-    } else {
-        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
-                "Checkout log failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
-                 "</font>");
-    }
-    return $token;
-}
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------ Check in an item
-
-sub checkin {
-    my $token=shift;
-    my $now=time;
-    my ($ta,$tb,$lonhost)=split(/\*/,$token);
-    $lonhost=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
-    my $dtoken=$ta.'_'.&hostname($lonhost).'_'.$tb;
-    $dtoken=~s/\W/\_/g;
-    my ($dummy,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid,$symb,$chtim,$rmaddr)=
-                 split(/\&/,&unescape(&reply('tmpget:'.$dtoken,$lonhost)));
-
-    unless (($tuname) && ($tudom)) {
-        &logthis('Check in '.$token.' ('.$dtoken.') failed');
-        return '';
-    }
-
-    unless (&allowed('mgr',$tcrsid)) {
-        &logthis('Check in '.$token.' ('.$dtoken.') unauthorized: '.
-                 $env{'user.name'}.' - '.$env{'user.domain'});
-        return '';
-    }
-
-    my %infohash=('resource.0.intoken' => $token,
-                  'resource.0.checkintime' => $now,
-                  'resource.0.inremote' => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
-
-    unless (&cstore(\%infohash,$symb,$tcrsid,$tudom,$tuname) eq 'ok') {
-       return '';
-    }
-
-    if (&log($tudom,$tuname,&homeserver($tuname,$tudom),
-                         &escape('Checkin - '.$token)) ne 'ok') {
-        return '';
-    }
-
-    return ($symb,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid);
-}
-
 # --------------------------------------------- Set Expire Date for Spreadsheet
 
 sub expirespread {
@@ -5176,7 +5997,7 @@ sub privileged {
     my $now = time;
     my $roles;
     if (ref($possroles) eq 'ARRAY') {
-        $roles = $possroles;
+        $roles = $possroles; 
     } else {
         $roles = ['dc','su'];
     }
@@ -5203,7 +6024,7 @@ sub privileged {
         for my $role (@rolesdump{grep { ! /^rolesdef_/ } keys(%rolesdump)}) {
             my ($trole, $tend, $tstart) = split(/_/, $role);
             if (grep(/^\Q$trole\E$/,@{$roles})) {
-                return 1 unless ($tend && $tend < $now)
+                return 1 unless ($tend && $tend < $now) 
                         or ($tstart && $tstart > $now);
             }
         }
@@ -5241,7 +6062,7 @@ sub privileged_by_domain {
                         my ($trole,$uname,$udom,$rest) = split(/:/,$item,4);
                         my ($end,$start) = split(/:/,$dompersonnel{$server}{$item});
                         next if ($end && $end < $now);
-                        $privileged{$dom}{$trole}{$uname.':'.$udom} =
+                        $privileged{$dom}{$trole}{$uname.':'.$udom} = 
                             $dompersonnel{$server}{$item};
                     }
                 }
@@ -5362,9 +6183,10 @@ sub rolesinit {
         }
     }
 
-    @userroles{'user.author', 'user.adv'} = &set_userprivs(\%userroles,
-        \%allroles, \%allgroups);
+    @userroles{'user.author','user.adv','user.rar'} = &set_userprivs(\%userroles,
+                                                          \%allroles, \%allgroups);
     $env{'user.adv'} = $userroles{'user.adv'};
+    $env{'user.rar'} = $userroles{'user.rar'};
 
     return (\%userroles,\%firstaccenv,\%timerintenv);
 }
@@ -5400,6 +6222,10 @@ sub custom_roleprivs {
                     $$allroles{$spec.'./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$dompriv;
                 }
                 if (($trest ne '') && (defined($coursepriv))) {
+                    if ($trole =~ m{^cr/$tdomain/$tdomain\Q-domainconfig\E/([^/]+)$}) {
+                        my $rolename = $1;
+                        $coursepriv = &course_adhocrole_privs($rolename,$tdomain,$trest,$coursepriv);
+                    }
                     $$allroles{'cm.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
                     $$allroles{$spec.'.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
                 }
@@ -5408,6 +6234,48 @@ sub custom_roleprivs {
     }
 }
 
+sub course_adhocrole_privs {
+    my ($rolename,$cdom,$cnum,$coursepriv) = @_;
+    my %overrides = &get('environment',["internal.adhocpriv.$rolename"],$cdom,$cnum);
+    if ($overrides{"internal.adhocpriv.$rolename"}) {
+        my (%currprivs,%storeprivs);
+        foreach my $item (split(/:/,$coursepriv)) {
+            my ($priv,$restrict) = split(/\&/,$item);
+            $currprivs{$priv} = $restrict;
+        }
+        my (%possadd,%possremove,%full);
+        foreach my $item (split(/\:/,$Apache::lonnet::pr{'cr:c'})) {
+            my ($priv,$restrict)=split(/\&/,$item);
+            $full{$priv} = $restrict;
+        }
+        foreach my $item (split(/,/,$overrides{"internal.adhocpriv.$rolename"})) {
+             next if ($item eq '');
+             my ($rule,$rest) = split(/=/,$item);
+             next unless (($rule eq 'off') || ($rule eq 'on'));
+             foreach my $priv (split(/:/,$rest)) {
+                 if ($priv ne '') {
+                     if ($rule eq 'off') {
+                         $possremove{$priv} = 1;
+                     } else {
+                         $possadd{$priv} = 1;
+                     }
+                 }
+             }
+         }
+         foreach my $priv (sort(keys(%full))) {
+             if (exists($currprivs{$priv})) {
+                 unless (exists($possremove{$priv})) {
+                     $storeprivs{$priv} = $currprivs{$priv};
+                 }
+             } elsif (exists($possadd{$priv})) {
+                 $storeprivs{$priv} = $full{$priv};
+             }
+         }
+         $coursepriv = ':'.join(':',map { $_.'&'.$storeprivs{$_}; } sort(keys(%storeprivs)));
+     }
+     return $coursepriv;
+}
+
 sub group_roleprivs {
     my ($allgroups,$area,$group_privs,$tend,$tstart) = @_;
     my $access = 1;
@@ -5442,6 +6310,7 @@ sub set_userprivs {
     my ($userroles,$allroles,$allgroups,$groups_roles) = @_; 
     my $author=0;
     my $adv=0;
+    my $rar=0;
     my %grouproles = ();
     if (keys(%{$allgroups}) > 0) {
         my @groupkeys; 
@@ -5489,6 +6358,7 @@ sub set_userprivs {
                     $thesepriv{$privilege}.=$restrictions;
                 }
                 if ($thesepriv{'adv'} eq 'F') { $adv=1; }
+                if ($thesepriv{'rar'} eq 'F') { $rar=1; }
             }
         }
         my $thesestr='';
@@ -5497,7 +6367,7 @@ sub set_userprivs {
 	}
         $userroles->{'user.priv.'.$role} = $thesestr;
     }
-    return ($author,$adv);
+    return ($author,$adv,$rar);
 }
 
 sub role_status {
@@ -5542,9 +6412,10 @@ sub role_status {
                                 push(@rolecodes,$$role);
                                 &standard_roleprivs(\%allroles,$$role,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$$where);
                             }
-                            my ($author,$adv)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%allroles,\%allgroups,\%groups_roles);
+                            my ($author,$adv,$rar)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%allroles,\%allgroups,
+                                                                   \%groups_roles);
                             &appenv(\%userroles,\@rolecodes);
-                            &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$role);
+                            &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$spec);
                         }
                     }
                     $$tstatus = 'is';
@@ -5620,39 +6491,56 @@ sub delete_env_groupprivs {
 }
 
 sub check_adhoc_privs {
-    my ($cdom,$cnum,$update,$refresh,$now,$checkrole,$caller) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$update,$refresh,$now,$checkrole,$caller,$sec) = @_;
     my $cckey = 'user.role.'.$checkrole.'./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum;
+    if ($sec) {
+        $cckey .= '/'.$sec;
+    } 
     my $setprivs;
     if ($env{$cckey}) {
         my ($role,$where,$trolecode,$tstart,$tend,$tremark,$tstatus,$tpstart,$tpend);
         &role_status($cckey,$update,$refresh,$now,\$role,\$where,\$trolecode,\$tstatus,\$tstart,\$tend);
         unless (($tstatus eq 'is') || ($tstatus eq 'will_not')) {
-            &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller);
+            &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller,$sec);
             $setprivs = 1;
         }
     } else {
-        &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller);
+        &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller,$sec);
         $setprivs = 1;
     }
     return $setprivs;
 }
 
 sub set_adhoc_privileges {
-# role can be cc or ca
-    my ($dcdom,$pickedcourse,$role,$caller) = @_;
+# role can be cc, ca, or cr/<dom>/<dom>-domainconfig/role
+    my ($dcdom,$pickedcourse,$role,$caller,$sec) = @_;
     my $area = '/'.$dcdom.'/'.$pickedcourse;
+    if ($sec ne '') {
+        $area .= '/'.$sec;
+    }
     my $spec = $role.'.'.$area;
     my %userroles = &set_arearole($role,$area,'','',$env{'user.domain'},
                                   $env{'user.name'},1);
-    my %ccrole = ();
-    &standard_roleprivs(\%ccrole,$role,$dcdom,$spec,$pickedcourse,$area);
-    my ($author,$adv)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%ccrole);
+    my %rolehash = ();
+    if ($role =~ m{^\Qcr/$dcdom/$dcdom\E\-domainconfig/(\w+)$}) {
+        my $rolename = $1;
+        &custom_roleprivs(\%rolehash,$role,$dcdom,$pickedcourse,$spec,$area);
+        my %domdef = &get_domain_defaults($dcdom);
+        if (ref($domdef{'adhocroles'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($domdef{'adhocroles'}{$rolename}) eq 'HASH') {
+                &appenv({'request.role.desc' => $domdef{'adhocroles'}{$rolename}{'desc'},});
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        &standard_roleprivs(\%rolehash,$role,$dcdom,$spec,$pickedcourse,$area);
+    }
+    my ($author,$adv,$rar)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%rolehash);
     &appenv(\%userroles,[$role,'cm']);
-    &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$role);
+    &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$spec);
     unless ($caller eq 'constructaccess' && $env{'request.course.id'}) {
         &appenv( {'request.role'        => $spec,
                   'request.role.domain' => $dcdom,
-                  'request.course.sec'  => ''
+                  'request.course.sec'  => $sec,
                  }
                );
         my $tadv=0;
@@ -5712,14 +6600,15 @@ sub unserialize {
     return {} if $rep =~ /^error/;
 
     my %returnhash=();
-    foreach my $item (split(/\&/,$rep)) {
-        my ($key, $value) = split(/=/, $item, 2);
-        $key = unescape($key) unless $escapedkeys;
-        next if $key =~ /^error: 2 /;
-        $returnhash{$key} = &thaw_unescape($value);
-    }
+	foreach my $item (split(/\&/,$rep)) {
+	    my ($key, $value) = split(/=/, $item, 2);
+	    $key = unescape($key) unless $escapedkeys;
+	    next if $key =~ /^error: 2 /;
+	    $returnhash{$key} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+	}
+    #return %returnhash;
     return \%returnhash;
-}
+}        
 
 # see Lond::dump_with_regexp
 # if $escapedkeys hash keys won't get unescaped.
@@ -5734,11 +6623,11 @@ sub dump {
     } else {
         $regexp='.';
     }
-    if (grep { $_ eq $uhome } &current_machine_ids()) {
+    if (grep { $_ eq $uhome } current_machine_ids()) {
         # user is hosted on this machine
-        my $reply = LONCAPA::Lond::dump_with_regexp(join(':', ($udomain,
+        my $reply = LONCAPA::Lond::dump_with_regexp(join(":", ($udomain,
                     $uname, $namespace, $regexp, $range)), $perlvar{'lonVersion'});
-        return %{&unserialize($reply, $escapedkeys)};
+        return %{unserialize($reply, $escapedkeys)};
     }
     my $rep=&reply("dump:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$regexp:$range",$uhome);
     my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
@@ -5746,7 +6635,8 @@ sub dump {
     if (!($rep =~ /^error/ )) {
 	foreach my $item (@pairs) {
 	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
-            $key = &unescape($key) unless ($escapedkeys);
+        $key = unescape($key) unless $escapedkeys;
+        #$key = &unescape($key);
 	    next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
 	    $returnhash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
 	}
@@ -5790,7 +6680,7 @@ sub currentdump {
    my $rep;
 
    if (grep { $_ eq $uhome } current_machine_ids()) {
-       $rep = LONCAPA::Lond::dump_profile_database(join(":", ($sdom, $sname,
+       $rep = LONCAPA::Lond::dump_profile_database(join(":", ($sdom, $sname, 
                    $courseid)));
    } else {
        $rep = reply('currentdump:'.$sdom.':'.$sname.':'.$courseid,$uhome);
@@ -5800,7 +6690,7 @@ sub currentdump {
    #
    my %returnhash=();
    #
-   if ($rep eq "unknown_cmd") { 
+   if ($rep eq 'unknown_cmd') {
        # an old lond will not know currentdump
        # Do a dump and make it look like a currentdump
        my @tmp = &dumpstore($courseid,$sdom,$sname,'.');
@@ -6034,9 +6924,11 @@ sub tmpget {
     if (!defined($server)) { $server = $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
     my $rep=&reply("tmpget:$token",$server);
     my %returnhash;
+    if ($rep =~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) {
+        return %returnhash;
+    }
     foreach my $item (split(/\&/,$rep)) {
 	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item);
-        next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
 	$returnhash{&unescape($key)}=&thaw_unescape($value);
     }
     return %returnhash;
@@ -6049,13 +6941,13 @@ sub tmpdel {
     return &reply("tmpdel:$token",$server);
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------ get_timebased_id
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ get_timebased_id 
 
 sub get_timebased_id {
     my ($prefix,$keyid,$namespace,$cdom,$cnum,$idtype,$who,$locktries,
         $maxtries) = @_;
     my ($newid,$error,$dellock);
-    unless (($prefix =~ /^\w+$/) && ($keyid =~ /^\w+$/) && ($namespace ne '')) {
+    unless (($prefix =~ /^\w+$/) && ($keyid =~ /^\w+$/) && ($namespace ne '')) {  
         return ('','ok','invalid call to get suffix');
     }
 
@@ -6069,7 +6961,7 @@ sub get_timebased_id {
     if (!$maxtries) {
         $maxtries = 10;
     }
-
+    
     if (($cdom eq '') || ($cnum eq '')) {
         if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
             $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
@@ -6151,9 +7043,9 @@ sub sixnum_code {
 # -------------------------------------------------- portfolio access checking
 
 sub portfolio_access {
-    my ($requrl) = @_;
+    my ($requrl,$clientip) = @_;
     my (undef,$udom,$unum,$file_name,$group) = &parse_portfolio_url($requrl);
-    my $result = &get_portfolio_access($udom,$unum,$file_name,$group);
+    my $result = &get_portfolio_access($udom,$unum,$file_name,$group,$clientip);
     if ($result) {
         my %setters;
         if ($env{'user.name'} eq 'public' && $env{'user.domain'} eq 'public') {
@@ -6179,7 +7071,7 @@ sub portfolio_access {
 }
 
 sub get_portfolio_access {
-    my ($udom,$unum,$file_name,$group,$access_hash) = @_;
+    my ($udom,$unum,$file_name,$group,$clientip,$access_hash) = @_;
 
     if (!ref($access_hash)) {
 	my $current_perms = &get_portfile_permissions($udom,$unum);
@@ -6188,7 +7080,7 @@ sub get_portfolio_access {
 	$access_hash = $access_controls{$file_name};
     }
 
-    my ($public,$guest,@domains,@users,@courses,@groups);
+    my ($public,$guest,@domains,@users,@courses,@groups,@ips);
     my $now = time;
     if (ref($access_hash) eq 'HASH') {
         foreach my $key (keys(%{$access_hash})) {
@@ -6212,10 +7104,25 @@ sub get_portfolio_access {
                 push(@courses,$key);
             } elsif ($scope eq 'group') {
                 push(@groups,$key);
+            } elsif ($scope eq 'ip') {
+                push(@ips,$key);
             }
         }
         if ($public) {
             return 'ok';
+        } elsif (@ips > 0) {
+            my $allowed;
+            foreach my $ipkey (@ips) {
+                if (ref($access_hash->{$ipkey}{'ip'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    if (&Apache::loncommon::check_ip_acc(join(',',@{$access_hash->{$ipkey}{'ip'}}),$clientip)) {
+                        $allowed = 1;
+                        last; 
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($allowed) {
+                return 'ok';
+            }
         }
         if ($env{'user.name'} eq 'public' && $env{'user.domain'} eq 'public') {
             if ($guest) {
@@ -6403,6 +7310,8 @@ sub usertools_access {
                       unofficial => 1,
                       community  => 1,
                       textbook   => 1,
+                      placement  => 1,
+                      lti        => 1,
                  );
     } elsif ($context eq 'requestauthor') {
         %tools = (
@@ -6437,7 +7346,7 @@ sub usertools_access {
 
     my ($toolstatus,$inststatus,$envkey);
     if ($context eq 'requestauthor') {
-        $envkey = $context;
+        $envkey = $context; 
     } else {
         $envkey = $context.'.'.$tool;
     }
@@ -6599,25 +7508,29 @@ sub is_advanced_user {
 }
 
 sub check_can_request {
-    my ($dom,$can_request,$request_domains) = @_;
+    my ($dom,$can_request,$request_domains,$uname,$udom) = @_;
     my $canreq = 0;
+    if (($env{'user.name'} ne '') && ($env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
+        $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+        $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+    }
     my ($types,$typename) = &Apache::loncommon::course_types();
     my @options = ('approval','validate','autolimit');
     my $optregex = join('|',@options);
     if ((ref($can_request) eq 'HASH') && (ref($types) eq 'ARRAY')) {
         foreach my $type (@{$types}) {
-            if (&usertools_access($env{'user.name'},
-                                  $env{'user.domain'},
-                                  $type,undef,'requestcourses')) {
+            if (&usertools_access($uname,$udom,$type,undef,
+                                  'requestcourses')) {
                 $canreq ++;
                 if (ref($request_domains) eq 'HASH') {
-                    push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$env{'user.domain'});
+                    push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$udom);
                 }
-                if ($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                if ($dom eq $udom) {
                     $can_request->{$type} = 1;
                 }
             }
-            if ($env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type} ne '') {
+            if (($env{'user.name'} ne '') && ($env{'user.domain'} ne '') &&
+                ($env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type} ne '')) {
                 my @curr = split(',',$env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type});
                 if (@curr > 0) {
                     foreach my $item (@curr) {
@@ -6634,7 +7547,7 @@ sub check_can_request {
                             }
                         }
                     }
-                    unless($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                    unless ($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
                         $canreq ++;
                         if (grep(/^\Q$dom\E:($optregex)(=?\d*)$/,@curr)) {
                             $can_request->{$type} = 1;
@@ -6699,7 +7612,7 @@ sub customaccess {
 # ------------------------------------------------- Check for a user privilege
 
 sub allowed {
-    my ($priv,$uri,$symb,$role)=@_;
+    my ($priv,$uri,$symb,$role,$clientip,$noblockcheck)=@_;
     my $ver_orguri=$uri;
     $uri=&deversion($uri);
     my $orguri=$uri;
@@ -6716,7 +7629,7 @@ sub allowed {
 
     if (defined($env{'allowed.'.$priv})) { return $env{'allowed.'.$priv}; }
 # Free bre access to adm and meta resources
-    if (((($uri=~/^adm\//) && ($uri !~ m{/(?:smppg|bulletinboard)$})) 
+    if (((($uri=~/^adm\//) && ($uri !~ m{/(?:smppg|bulletinboard|ext\.tool)$})) 
 	 || (($uri=~/\.meta$/) && ($uri!~m|^uploaded/|) )) 
 	&& ($priv eq 'bre')) {
 	return 'F';
@@ -6764,7 +7677,10 @@ sub allowed {
 # Free bre to public access
 
     if ($priv eq 'bre') {
-        my $copyright=&metadata($uri,'copyright');
+        my $copyright;
+        unless ($uri =~ /ext\.tool/) {
+            $copyright=&metadata($uri,'copyright');
+        }
 	if (($copyright eq 'public') && (!$env{'request.course.id'})) { 
            return 'F'; 
         }
@@ -6894,11 +7810,16 @@ sub allowed {
         if ($match) {
             if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'}
                   =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
-                my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$uri);
-                if (@blockers > 0) {
-                    $thisallowed = 'B';
+                my $value = $1;
+                if ($noblockcheck) {
+                    $thisallowed.=$value;
                 } else {
-                    $thisallowed.=$1;
+                    my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$uri);
+                    if (@blockers > 0) {
+                        $thisallowed = 'B';
+                    } else {
+                        $thisallowed.=$value;
+                    }
                 }
             }
         } else {
@@ -6910,11 +7831,15 @@ sub allowed {
                     $refuri=&declutter($refuri);
                     my ($match) = &is_on_map($refuri);
                     if ($match) {
-                        my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$refuri);
-                        if (@blockers > 0) {
-                            $thisallowed = 'B';
-                        } else {
+                        if ($noblockcheck) {
                             $thisallowed='F';
+                        } else {
+                            my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$refuri);
+                            if (@blockers > 0) {
+                                $thisallowed = 'B';
+                            } else {
+                                $thisallowed='F';
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -6926,9 +7851,9 @@ sub allowed {
 	&& $thisallowed ne 'F' 
 	&& $thisallowed ne '2'
 	&& &is_portfolio_url($uri)) {
-	$thisallowed = &portfolio_access($uri);
+	$thisallowed = &portfolio_access($uri,$clientip);
     }
-    
+
 # Full access at system, domain or course-wide level? Exit.
     if ($thisallowed=~/F/) {
 	return 'F';
@@ -6969,11 +7894,15 @@ sub allowed {
                =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
                my $value = $1;
                if ($priv eq 'bre') {
-                   my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$uri);
-                   if (@blockers > 0) {
-                       $thisallowed = 'B';
-                   } else {
+                   if ($noblockcheck) {
                        $thisallowed.=$value;
+                   } else {
+                       my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$uri);
+                       if (@blockers > 0) {
+                           $thisallowed = 'B';
+                       } else {
+                           $thisallowed.=$value;
+                       }
                    }
                } else {
                    $thisallowed.=$value;
@@ -7007,11 +7936,15 @@ sub allowed {
                   =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
                   my $value = $1;
                   if ($priv eq 'bre') {
-                      my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$refuri);
-                      if (@blockers > 0) {
-                          $thisallowed = 'B';
-                      } else {
+                      if ($noblockcheck) {
                           $thisallowed.=$value;
+                      } else {
+                          my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$refuri);
+                          if (@blockers > 0) {
+                              $thisallowed = 'B';
+                          } else {
+                              $thisallowed.=$value;
+                          }
                       }
                   } else {
                       $thisallowed.=$value;
@@ -7119,7 +8052,7 @@ sub allowed {
        my $unamedom=$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
        if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.roles.denied'}
 	   =~/\Q$rolecode\E/) {
-	   if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc')) { 
+	   if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc') && ($priv ne 'pac')) {
 	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.':'.
 			'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode.' in '.
 			$env{'request.course.id'});
@@ -7129,7 +8062,7 @@ sub allowed {
 
        if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.users.denied'}
 	   =~/\Q$unamedom\E/) {
-	   if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc')) { 
+	   if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc') && ($priv ne 'pac')) {
 	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.
 			'Denied by user: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$unamedom.' in '.
 			$env{'request.course.id'});
@@ -7187,7 +8120,7 @@ sub constructaccess {
     my ($ownername,$ownerdomain,$ownerhome);
 
     ($ownerdomain,$ownername) =
-        ($url=~ m{^(?:\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E|)/priv/($match_domain)/($match_username)/});
+        ($url=~ m{^(?:\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E|)(?:/daxepage|/daxeopen)?/priv/($match_domain)/($match_username)(?:/|$)});
 
 # The URL does not really point to any authorspace, forget it
     unless (($ownername) && ($ownerdomain)) { return ''; }
@@ -7208,6 +8141,15 @@ sub constructaccess {
             $ownerhome = &homeserver($ownername,$ownerdomain);
             return ($ownername,$ownerdomain,$ownerhome);
         }
+        if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
+            if (($ownername eq $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'}) &&
+                ($ownerdomain eq $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'})) {
+                if (&allowed('mdc',$env{'request.course.id'})) {
+                    $ownerhome = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
+                    return ($ownername,$ownerdomain,$ownerhome);
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 
 # We don't have any access right now. If we are not possibly going to do anything about this,
@@ -7242,6 +8184,32 @@ sub constructaccess {
     return '';
 }
 
+# ----------------------------------------------------------- Content Blocking
+
+{
+# Caches for faster Course Contents display where content blocking
+# is in operation (i.e., interval param set) for timed quiz.
+#
+# User for whom data are being temporarily cached.
+my $cacheduser='';
+# Cached blockers for this user (a hash of blocking items). 
+my %cachedblockers=();
+# When the data were last cached.
+my $cachedlast='';
+
+sub load_all_blockers {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$blocks)=@_;
+    if (($uname ne '') && ($udom ne '')) { 
+        if (($cacheduser eq $uname.':'.$udom) &&
+            (abs($cachedlast-time)<5)) {
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    $cachedlast=time;
+    $cacheduser=$uname.':'.$udom;
+    %cachedblockers = &get_commblock_resources($blocks);
+}
+
 sub get_comm_blocks {
     my ($cdom,$cnum) = @_;
     if ($cdom eq '' || $cnum eq '') {
@@ -7262,27 +8230,21 @@ sub get_comm_blocks {
     return %commblocks;
 }
 
-sub has_comm_blocking {
-    my ($priv,$symb,$uri,$blocks) = @_;
-    return unless ($env{'request.course.id'});
-    return unless ($priv eq 'bre');
-    return if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}} =~/evb\&([^\:]*)/);
+sub get_commblock_resources {
+    my ($blocks) = @_;
+    my %blockers = ();
+    return %blockers unless ($env{'request.course.id'});
+    return %blockers if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}} =~/evb\&([^\:]*)/);
     my %commblocks;
     if (ref($blocks) eq 'HASH') {
         %commblocks = %{$blocks};
     } else {
         %commblocks = &get_comm_blocks();
     }
-    return unless (keys(%commblocks) > 0);
-    if (!$symb) { $symb=&symbread($uri,1); }
-    my ($map,$resid,undef)=&decode_symb($symb);
-    my %tocheck = (
-                    maps      => $map,
-                    resources => $symb,
-                  );
-    my @blockers;
-    my $now = time;
+    return %blockers unless (keys(%commblocks) > 0); 
     my $navmap = Apache::lonnavmaps::navmap->new();
+    return %blockers unless (ref($navmap));
+    my $now = time;
     foreach my $block (keys(%commblocks)) {
         if ($block =~ /^(\d+)____(\d+)$/) {
             my ($start,$end) = ($1,$2);
@@ -7290,17 +8252,13 @@ sub has_comm_blocking {
                 if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}) eq 'HASH') {
                     if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}) eq 'HASH') {
                         if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}) eq 'HASH') {
-                            if ($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}{$map}) {
-                                unless (grep(/^\Q$block\E$/,@blockers)) {
-                                    push(@blockers,$block);
-                                }
+                            if (keys(%{$commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}})) {
+                                $blockers{$block}{maps} = $commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}; 
                             }
                         }
                         if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'}) eq 'HASH') {
-                            if ($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'}{$symb}) {
-                                unless (grep(/^\Q$block\E$/,@blockers)) {  
-                                    push(@blockers,$block);
-                                }
+                            if (keys(%{$commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'}})) {
+                                $blockers{$block}{'resources'} = $commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'};
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -7311,61 +8269,68 @@ sub has_comm_blocking {
             my @to_test;
             if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}) eq 'HASH') {
                 if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}) eq 'HASH') {
-                    my $check_interval;
-                    if (&check_docs_block($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'},\%tocheck)) {
-                        my @interval;
-                        my $type = 'map';
-                        if ($item eq 'course') {
-                            $type = 'course';
-                            @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval");
+                    my @interval;
+                    my $type = 'map';
+                    if ($item eq 'course') {
+                        $type = 'course';
+                        @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval");
+                    } else {
+                        if ($item =~ /___\d+___/) {
+                            $type = 'resource';
+                            @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval",$item);
+                            if (ref($navmap)) {                        
+                                my $res = $navmap->getBySymb($item); 
+                                push(@to_test,$res);
+                            }
                         } else {
-                            if ($item =~ /___\d+___/) {
-                                $type = 'resource';
-                                @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval",$item);
-                                if (ref($navmap)) {                        
-                                    my $res = $navmap->getBySymb($item); 
-                                    push(@to_test,$res);
-                                }
-                            } else {
-                                my $mapsymb = &symbread($item,1);
-                                if ($mapsymb) {
-                                    if (ref($navmap)) {
-                                        my $mapres = $navmap->getBySymb($mapsymb);
-                                        @to_test = $mapres->retrieveResources($mapres);
-                                        foreach my $res (@to_test) {
-                                            my $symb = $res->symb();
-                                            next if ($symb eq $mapsymb);
-                                            if ($symb ne '') {
-                                                @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval",$symb);
-                                                if ($interval[1] eq 'map') {
-                                                    last;
-                                                }
+                            my $mapsymb = &symbread($item,1);
+                            if ($mapsymb) {
+                                if (ref($navmap)) {
+                                    my $mapres = $navmap->getBySymb($mapsymb);
+                                    @to_test = $mapres->retrieveResources($mapres,undef,0,0,0,1);
+                                    foreach my $res (@to_test) {
+                                        my $symb = $res->symb();
+                                        next if ($symb eq $mapsymb);
+                                        if ($symb ne '') {
+                                            @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval",$symb);
+                                            if ($interval[1] eq 'map') {
+                                                last;
                                             }
                                         }
                                     }
                                 }
                             }
                         }
-                        if ($interval[0] =~ /\d+/) {
-                            my $first_access;
-                            if ($type eq 'resource') {
-                                $first_access=&get_first_access($interval[1],$item);
-                            } elsif ($type eq 'map') {
-                                $first_access=&get_first_access($interval[1],undef,$item);
-                            } else {
-                                $first_access=&get_first_access($interval[1]);
-                            }
-                            if ($first_access) {
-                                my $timesup = $first_access+$interval[0];
-                                if ($timesup > $now) {
-                                    foreach my $res (@to_test) {
-                                        if ($res->is_problem()) {
-                                            if ($res->completable()) {
-                                                unless (grep(/^\Q$block\E$/,@blockers)) {
-                                                    push(@blockers,$block);
-                                                }
-                                                last;
-                                            }
+                    }
+                    if ($interval[0] =~ /^(\d+)/) {
+                        my $timelimit = $1; 
+                        my $first_access;
+                        if ($type eq 'resource') {
+                            $first_access=&get_first_access($interval[1],$item);
+                        } elsif ($type eq 'map') {
+                            $first_access=&get_first_access($interval[1],undef,$item);
+                        } else {
+                            $first_access=&get_first_access($interval[1]);
+                        }
+                        if ($first_access) {
+                            my $timesup = $first_access+$timelimit;
+                            if ($timesup > $now) {
+                                my $activeblock;
+                                foreach my $res (@to_test) {
+                                    if ($res->answerable()) {
+                                        $activeblock = 1;
+                                        last;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                if ($activeblock) {
+                                    if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                                         if (keys(%{$commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}})) {
+                                             $blockers{$block}{'maps'} = $commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'};
+                                         }
+                                    }
+                                    if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                                        if (keys(%{$commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'}})) {
+                                            $blockers{$block}{'resources'} = $commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'};
                                         }
                                     }
                                 }
@@ -7376,33 +8341,66 @@ sub has_comm_blocking {
             }
         }
     }
-    return @blockers;
+    return %blockers;
 }
 
-sub check_docs_block {
-    my ($docsblock,$tocheck) =@_;
-    if ((ref($docsblock) ne 'HASH') || (ref($tocheck) ne 'HASH')) {
-        return;
+sub has_comm_blocking {
+    my ($priv,$symb,$uri,$blocks) = @_;
+    my @blockers;
+    return unless ($env{'request.course.id'});
+    return unless ($priv eq 'bre');
+    return if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}} =~/evb\&([^\:]*)/);
+    return if ($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct');
+    &load_all_blockers($env{'user.name'},$env{'user.domain'},$blocks);
+    return unless (keys(%cachedblockers) > 0);
+    my (%possibles,@symbs);
+    if (!$symb) {
+        $symb = &symbread($uri,1,1,1,\%possibles);
     }
-    if (ref($docsblock->{'maps'}) eq 'HASH') {
-        if ($tocheck->{'maps'}) {
-            if ($docsblock->{'maps'}{$tocheck->{'maps'}}) {
-                return 1;
+    if ($symb) {
+        @symbs = ($symb);
+    } elsif (keys(%possibles)) { 
+        @symbs = keys(%possibles);
+    }
+    my $noblock;
+    foreach my $symb (@symbs) {
+        last if ($noblock);
+        my ($map,$resid,$resurl)=&decode_symb($symb);
+        foreach my $block (keys(%cachedblockers)) {
+            if ($block =~ /^firstaccess____(.+)$/) {
+                my $item = $1;
+                if (($item eq $map) || ($item eq $symb)) {
+                    $noblock = 1;
+                    last;
+                }
             }
-        }
-    }
-    if (ref($docsblock->{'resources'}) eq 'HASH') {
-        if ($tocheck->{'resources'}) {
-            if ($docsblock->{'resources'}{$tocheck->{'resources'}}) {
-                return 1;
+            if (ref($cachedblockers{$block}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if (ref($cachedblockers{$block}{'resources'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    if ($cachedblockers{$block}{'resources'}{$symb}) {
+                        unless (grep(/^\Q$block\E$/,@blockers)) {
+                            push(@blockers,$block);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (ref($cachedblockers{$block}{'maps'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if ($cachedblockers{$block}{'maps'}{$map}) {
+                    unless (grep(/^\Q$block\E$/,@blockers)) {
+                        push(@blockers,$block);
+                    }
+                }
             }
         }
     }
-    return;
+    return if ($noblock);
+    return @blockers;
+}
 }
 
+# -------------------------------- Deversion and split uri into path an filename   
+
 #
-#   Removes the versino from a URI and
+#   Removes the version from a URI and
 #   splits it in to its filename and path to the filename.
 #   Seems like File::Basename could have done this more clearly.
 #   Parameters:
@@ -7470,7 +8468,7 @@ sub get_symb_from_alias {
 
 sub definerole {
   if (allowed('mcr','/')) {
-    my ($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole)=@_;
+    my ($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole,$uname,$udom)=@_;
     foreach my $role (split(':',$sysrole)) {
 	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$role);
         if ($pr{'cr:s'}!~/\Q$crole\E/) { return "refused:s:$crole"; }
@@ -7498,11 +8496,19 @@ sub definerole {
             }
         }
     }
+    my $uhome;
+    if (($uname ne '') && ($udom ne '')) {
+        $uhome = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        return $uhome if ($uhome eq 'no_host');
+    } else {
+        $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+        $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+        $uhome = $env{'user.home'};
+    }
     my $command="encrypt:rolesput:$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
-                "$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
-	        "rolesdef_$rolename=".
+                "$udom:$uname:rolesdef_$rolename=".
                 escape($sysrole.'_'.$domrole.'_'.$courole);
-    return reply($command,$env{'user.home'});
+    return reply($command,$uhome);
   } else {
     return 'refused';
   }
@@ -7517,9 +8523,9 @@ sub metadata_query {
     my @server_list = (defined($server_array) ? @$server_array
                                               : keys(%libserv) );
     for my $server (@server_list) {
-        my $domains = '';
+        my $domains = ''; 
         if (ref($domains_hash) eq 'HASH') {
-            $domains = $domains_hash->{$server};    
+            $domains = $domains_hash->{$server}; 
         }
 	unless ($custom or $customshow) {
 	    my $reply=&reply("querysend:".&escape($query).':::'.&escape($domains),$server);
@@ -7584,10 +8590,12 @@ sub update_allusers_table {
 
 sub fetch_enrollment_query {
     my ($context,$affiliatesref,$replyref,$dom,$cnum) = @_;
-    my $homeserver;
+    my ($homeserver,$sleep,$loopmax);
     my $maxtries = 1;
     if ($context eq 'automated') {
         $homeserver = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+        $sleep = 2;
+        $loopmax = 100;
         $maxtries = 10; # will wait for up to 2000s for retrieval of classlist data before timeout
     } else {
         $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$dom);
@@ -7605,17 +8613,17 @@ sub fetch_enrollment_query {
         &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query: invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$host.' and homeserver: '.$homeserver.' context: '.$context.' '.$cnum); 
         return 'error: '.$queryid;
     }
-    my $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+    my $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid,$sleep,$loopmax);
     my $tries = 1;
     while (($reply=~/^timeout/) && ($tries < $maxtries)) {
-        $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+        $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid,$sleep,$loopmax);
         $tries ++;
     }
     if ( ($reply =~/^timeout/) || ($reply =~/^error/) ) {
         &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query error: '.$reply.' for '.$dom.' '.$env{'user.name'}.' for '.$queryid.' context: '.$context.' '.$cnum.' maxtries: '.$maxtries.' tries: '.$tries);
     } else {
         my @responses = split(/:/,$reply);
-        if ($homeserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+        if (grep { $_ eq $homeserver } &current_machine_ids()) {
             foreach my $line (@responses) {
                 my ($key,$value) = split(/=/,$line,2);
                 $$replyref{$key} = $value;
@@ -7633,7 +8641,7 @@ sub fetch_enrollment_query {
                         if ($xml_classlist =~ /^error/) {
                             &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query - autoretrieve error: '.$xml_classlist.' for '.$filename.' from server: '.$homeserver.' '.$context.' '.$cnum);
                         } else {
-                            if ( open(FILE,">$destname") ) {
+                            if ( open(FILE,">",$destname) ) {
                                 print FILE &unescape($xml_classlist);
                                 close(FILE);
                             } else {
@@ -7650,13 +8658,19 @@ sub fetch_enrollment_query {
 }
 
 sub get_query_reply {
-    my $queryid=shift;
+    my ($queryid,$sleep,$loopmax) = @_;;
+    if (($sleep eq '') || ($sleep !~ /^\d+\.?\d*$/)) {
+        $sleep = 0.2;
+    }
+    if (($loopmax eq '') || ($loopmax =~ /\D/)) {
+        $loopmax = 100;
+    }
     my $replyfile=LONCAPA::tempdir().$queryid;
     my $reply='';
-    for (1..100) {
-	sleep 2;
+    for (1..$loopmax) {
+	sleep($sleep);
         if (-e $replyfile.'.end') {
-	    if (open(my $fh,$replyfile)) {
+	    if (open(my $fh,"<",$replyfile)) {
 		$reply = join('',<$fh>);
 		close($fh);
 	   } else { return 'error: reply_file_error'; }
@@ -8048,6 +9062,33 @@ sub auto_validate_class_sec {
     return $response;
 }
 
+sub auto_validate_instclasses {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$owners,$classesref) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,%validations);
+    $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    unless ($homeserver eq 'no_host') {
+        my $ownerlist;
+        if (ref($owners) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            $ownerlist = join(',',@{$owners});
+        } else {
+            $ownerlist = $owners;
+        }
+        if (ref($classesref) eq 'HASH') {
+            my $classes = &freeze_escape($classesref);
+            my $response=&reply('autovalidateinstclasses:'.&escape($ownerlist).
+                                ':'.$cdom.':'.$classes,$homeserver);
+            unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+                my @items = split(/&/,$response);
+                foreach my $item (@items) {
+                    my ($key,$value) = split('=',$item);
+                    $validations{&unescape($key)} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %validations;
+}
+
 sub auto_crsreq_update {
     my ($cdom,$cnum,$crstype,$action,$ownername,$ownerdomain,$fullname,$title,
         $code,$accessstart,$accessend,$inbound) = @_;
@@ -8064,7 +9105,8 @@ sub auto_crsreq_update {
                             ':'.&escape($action).':'.&escape($ownername).':'.
                             &escape($ownerdomain).':'.&escape($fullname).':'.
                             &escape($title).':'.&escape($code).':'.
-                            &escape($accessstart).':'.&escape($accessend).':'.$info,$homeserver);
+                            &escape($accessstart).':'.&escape($accessend).':'.$info,
+                            $homeserver);
         unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
             my @items = split(/&/,$response);
             foreach my $item (@items) {
@@ -8076,6 +9118,107 @@ sub auto_crsreq_update {
     return \%crsreqresponse;
 }
 
+sub auto_export_grades {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$inforef,$gradesref) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,%exportresponse);
+    if ($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+        $homeserver = &domain($cdom,'primary');
+    }
+    unless (($homeserver eq 'no_host') || ($homeserver eq '')) {
+        my $info;
+        if (ref($inforef) eq 'HASH') {
+            $info = &freeze_escape($inforef);
+        }
+        if (ref($gradesref) eq 'HASH') {
+            my $grades = &freeze_escape($gradesref);
+            my $response=&reply('encrypt:autoexportgrades:'.$cdom.':'.$cnum.':'.
+                                $info.':'.$grades,$homeserver);
+            unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused|unknown_command)/) {
+                my @items = split(/&/,$response);
+                foreach my $item (@items) {
+                    my ($key,$value) = split('=',$item);
+                    $exportresponse{&unescape($key)} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return \%exportresponse;
+}
+
+sub check_instcode_cloning {
+    my ($codedefaults,$code_order,$cloner,$clonefromcode,$clonetocode) = @_;
+    unless ((ref($codedefaults) eq 'HASH') && (ref($code_order) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        return;
+    }
+    my $canclone;
+    if (@{$code_order} > 0) {
+        my $instcoderegexp ='^';
+        my @clonecodes = split(/\&/,$cloner);
+        foreach my $item (@{$code_order}) {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$item\E=/,@clonecodes)) {
+                foreach my $pair (@clonecodes) {
+                    my ($key,$val) = split(/\=/,$pair,2);
+                    $val = &unescape($val);
+                    if ($key eq $item) {
+                        $instcoderegexp .= '('.$val.')';
+                        last;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                $instcoderegexp .= $codedefaults->{$item};
+            }
+        }
+        $instcoderegexp .= '$';
+        my (@from,@to);
+        eval {
+               (@from) = ($clonefromcode =~ /$instcoderegexp/);
+               (@to) = ($clonetocode =~ /$instcoderegexp/);
+        };
+        if ((@from > 0) && (@to > 0)) {
+            my @diffs = &Apache::loncommon::compare_arrays(\@from,\@to);
+            if (!@diffs) {
+                $canclone = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $canclone;
+}
+
+sub default_instcode_cloning {
+    my ($clonedom,$domdefclone,$clonefromcode,$clonetocode,$codedefaultsref,$codeorderref) = @_;
+    my (%codedefaults,@code_order,$canclone);
+    if ((ref($codedefaultsref) eq 'HASH') && (ref($codeorderref) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        %codedefaults = %{$codedefaultsref};
+        @code_order = @{$codeorderref};
+    } elsif ($clonedom) {
+        &auto_instcode_defaults($clonedom,\%codedefaults,\@code_order);
+    }
+    if (($domdefclone) && (@code_order)) {
+        my @clonecodes = split(/\+/,$domdefclone);
+        my $instcoderegexp ='^';
+        foreach my $item (@code_order) {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$item\E$/,@clonecodes)) {
+                $instcoderegexp .= '('.$codedefaults{$item}.')';
+            } else {
+                $instcoderegexp .= $codedefaults{$item};
+            }
+        }
+        $instcoderegexp .= '$';
+        my (@from,@to);
+        eval {
+            (@from) = ($clonefromcode =~ /$instcoderegexp/);
+            (@to) = ($clonetocode =~ /$instcoderegexp/);
+        };
+        if ((@from > 0) && (@to > 0)) {
+            my @diffs = &Apache::loncommon::compare_arrays(\@from,\@to);
+            if (!@diffs) {
+                $canclone = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $canclone;
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------- Course Group routines
 
 sub get_coursegroups {
@@ -8223,6 +9366,7 @@ sub plaintext {
     my %rolenames = (
                       Course    => 'std',
                       Community => 'alt1',
+                      Placement => 'std',
                     );
     if ($cid ne '') {
         if ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'} ne '') {
@@ -8304,7 +9448,7 @@ sub assignrole {
             }
             if ($refused) {
                 my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($cwosec =~ m{^/?($match_domain)/($match_courseid)$});
-                if (!$selfenroll && $context eq 'course') {
+                if (!$selfenroll && (($context eq 'course') || ($context eq 'ltienroll' && $env{'request.lti.login'}))) {
                     my %crsenv;
                     if ($role eq 'cc' || $role eq 'co') {
                         %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
@@ -8324,8 +9468,12 @@ sub assignrole {
                             }
                         }
                     }
-                } elsif (($selfenroll == 1) && ($role eq 'st') && ($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
-                    $refused = '';
+                } elsif (($selfenroll == 1) && ($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+                    if ($role eq 'st') {
+                        $refused = '';
+                    } elsif (($context eq 'ltienroll') && ($env{'request.lti.login'})) {
+                        $refused = '';
+                    }
                 } elsif ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
                     my @possroles = ('st','ta','ep','in','cc','co');
                     if ((grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@possroles)) && ($env{'user.name'} ne '' && $env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
@@ -8344,7 +9492,7 @@ sub assignrole {
                         }
                     }
                 } elsif ($context eq 'requestauthor') {
-                    if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'}) &&
+                    if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'}) && 
                         ($url eq '/'.$udom.'/') && ($role eq 'au')) {
                         if ($env{'environment.requestauthor'} eq 'automatic') {
                             $refused = '';
@@ -8352,13 +9500,13 @@ sub assignrole {
                             my %domdefaults = &get_domain_defaults($udom);
                             if (ref($domdefaults{'requestauthor'}) eq 'HASH') {
                                 my $checkbystatus;
-                                if ($env{'user.adv'}) {
+                                if ($env{'user.adv'}) { 
                                     my $disposition = $domdefaults{'requestauthor'}{'_LC_adv'};
                                     if ($disposition eq 'automatic') {
                                         $refused = '';
                                     } elsif ($disposition eq '') {
                                         $checkbystatus = 1;
-                                    }
+                                    } 
                                 } else {
                                     $checkbystatus = 1;
                                 }
@@ -8440,12 +9588,13 @@ sub assignrole {
             &courserolelog($role,$uname,$udom,$url,$origstart,$origend,$delflag,
                            $selfenroll,$context);
         } elsif (($role eq 'li') || ($role eq 'dg') || ($role eq 'sc') ||
-                 ($role eq 'au') || ($role eq 'dc')) {
+                 ($role eq 'au') || ($role eq 'dc') || ($role eq 'dh') ||
+                 ($role eq 'da')) {
             &domainrolelog($role,$uname,$udom,$url,$origstart,$origend,$delflag,
                            $context);
         } elsif (($role eq 'ca') || ($role eq 'aa')) {
             &coauthorrolelog($role,$uname,$udom,$url,$origstart,$origend,$delflag,
-                             $context);
+                             $context); 
         }
         if ($role eq 'cc') {
             &autoupdate_coowners($url,$end,$start,$uname,$udom);
@@ -8590,10 +9739,14 @@ sub modifyuser {
     my $newuser;
     if ($uhome eq 'no_host') {
         $newuser = 1;
+        unless (($umode && ($upass ne '')) || ($umode eq 'localauth') ||
+                ($umode eq 'lti')) {
+            return 'error: more information needed to create new user';
+        }
     }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Create User
     if (($uhome eq 'no_host') && 
-	(($umode && $upass) || ($umode eq 'localauth'))) {
+	(($umode && $upass) || ($umode eq 'localauth') || ($umode eq 'lti'))) {
         my $unhome='';
         if (defined($desiredhome) && &host_domain($desiredhome) eq $udom) { 
             $unhome = $desiredhome;
@@ -8635,7 +9788,7 @@ sub modifyuser {
                   'current user id "'.$uidhash{$uname}.'".';
           }
        } else {
-	  &idput($udom,($uname => $uid));
+	  &idput($udom,{$uname => $uid},$uhome,'ids');
        }
     }
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- Add names, etc
@@ -8745,7 +9898,7 @@ sub modifyuser {
 sub modifystudent {
     my ($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,$usec,
         $end,$start,$forceid,$desiredhome,$email,$type,$locktype,$cid,
-        $selfenroll,$context,$inststatus,$credits)=@_;
+        $selfenroll,$context,$inststatus,$credits,$instsec)=@_;
     if (!$cid) {
 	unless ($cid=$env{'request.course.id'}) {
 	    return 'not_in_class';
@@ -8760,14 +9913,14 @@ sub modifystudent {
     # student's environment
     $uid = undef if (!$forceid);
     $reply = &modify_student_enrollment($udom,$uname,$uid,$first,$middle,$last,
-					$gene,$usec,$end,$start,$type,$locktype,
-                                        $cid,$selfenroll,$context,$credits);
+                                        $gene,$usec,$end,$start,$type,$locktype,
+                                        $cid,$selfenroll,$context,$credits,$instsec);
     return $reply;
 }
 
 sub modify_student_enrollment {
     my ($udom,$uname,$uid,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,$usec,$end,$start,$type,
-        $locktype,$cid,$selfenroll,$context,$credits) = @_;
+        $locktype,$cid,$selfenroll,$context,$credits,$instsec) = @_;
     my ($cdom,$cnum,$chome);
     if (!$cid) {
 	unless ($cid=$env{'request.course.id'}) {
@@ -8814,7 +9967,7 @@ sub modify_student_enrollment {
     my %old_entry = &Apache::lonnet::get('classlist',[$user],$cdom,$cnum);
     my $reply=cput('classlist',
 		   {$user => 
-			join(':',$end,$start,$uid,$usec,$fullname,$type,$locktype,$credits) },
+			join(':',$end,$start,$uid,$usec,$fullname,$type,$locktype,$credits,$instsec) },
 		   $cdom,$cnum);
     if (($reply eq 'ok') || ($reply eq 'delayed')) {
         &devalidate_getsection_cache($udom,$uname,$cid);
@@ -9038,12 +10191,25 @@ sub is_course {
     my ($cdom, $cnum) = scalar(@_) == 1 ? 
          ($_[0] =~ /^($match_domain)_($match_courseid)$/)  :  @_;
 
-    return unless $cdom and $cnum;
-
-    my %courses = &courseiddump($cdom, '.', 1, '.', '.', $cnum, undef, undef,
-        '.');
-
-    return unless(exists($courses{$cdom.'_'.$cnum}));
+    return unless (($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) && ($cnum =~ /^$match_courseid$/));
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $iscourse;
+    if (grep { $_ eq $uhome } current_machine_ids()) {
+        $iscourse = &LONCAPA::Lond::is_course($cdom,$cnum);
+    } else {
+        my $hashid = $cdom.':'.$cnum;
+        ($iscourse,my $cached) = &is_cached_new('iscourse',$hashid);
+        unless (defined($cached)) {
+            my %courses = &courseiddump($cdom, '.', 1, '.', '.',
+                                        $cnum,undef,undef,'.');
+            $iscourse = 0;
+            if (exists($courses{$cdom.'_'.$cnum})) {
+                $iscourse = 1;
+            }
+            &do_cache_new('iscourse',$hashid,$iscourse,3600);
+        }
+    }
+    return unless ($iscourse);
     return wantarray ? ($cdom, $cnum) : $cdom.'_'.$cnum;
 }
 
@@ -9179,7 +10345,7 @@ sub save_selected_files {
     my ($user, $path, @files) = @_;
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
     my @other_files = &files_not_in_path($user, $path);
-    open (OUT, '>'.$tmpdir.$filename);
+    open (OUT,'>',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
     foreach my $file (@files) {
         print (OUT $env{'form.currentpath'}.$file."\n");
     }
@@ -9193,7 +10359,7 @@ sub save_selected_files {
 sub clear_selected_files {
     my ($user) = @_;
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
-    open (OUT, '>'.LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
+    open (OUT,'>',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
     print (OUT undef);
     close (OUT);
     return ("ok");    
@@ -9203,7 +10369,7 @@ sub files_in_path {
     my ($user, $path) = @_;
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
     my %return_files;
-    open (IN, '<'.LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
+    open (IN,'<',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
     while (my $line_in = <IN>) {
         chomp ($line_in);
         my @paths_and_file = split (m!/!, $line_in);
@@ -9225,7 +10391,7 @@ sub files_not_in_path {
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
     my @return_files;
     my $path_part;
-    open(IN, '<'.LONCAPA::.$filename);
+    open(IN, '<',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
     while (my $line = <IN>) {
         #ok, I know it's clunky, but I want it to work
         my @paths_and_file = split(m|/|, $line);
@@ -9242,6 +10408,90 @@ sub files_not_in_path {
     return (@return_files);
 }
 
+#------------------------------Submitted/Handedback Portfolio Files Versioning
+ 
+sub portfiles_versioning {
+    my ($symb,$domain,$stu_name,$portfiles,$versioned_portfiles) = @_;
+    my $portfolio_root = '/userfiles/portfolio';
+    return unless ((ref($portfiles) eq 'ARRAY') && (ref($versioned_portfiles) eq 'ARRAY'));
+    foreach my $file (@{$portfiles}) {
+        &unmark_as_readonly($domain,$stu_name,[$symb,$env{'request.course.id'}],$file);
+        my ($directory,$answer_file) =($file =~ /^(.*?)([^\/]*)$/);
+        my ($answer_name,$answer_ver,$answer_ext) = &file_name_version_ext($answer_file);
+        my $getpropath = 1;
+        my ($dir_list,$listerror) = &dirlist($portfolio_root.$directory,$domain,
+                                             $stu_name,$getpropath);
+        my $version = &get_next_version($answer_name,$answer_ext,$dir_list);
+        my $new_answer = 
+            &version_selected_portfile($domain,$stu_name,$directory,$answer_file,$version);
+        if ($new_answer ne 'problem getting file') {
+            push(@{$versioned_portfiles}, $directory.$new_answer);
+            &mark_as_readonly($domain,$stu_name,[$directory.$new_answer],
+                              [$symb,$env{'request.course.id'},'graded']);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_next_version {
+    my ($answer_name, $answer_ext, $dir_list) = @_;
+    my $version;
+    if (ref($dir_list) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        foreach my $row (@{$dir_list}) {
+            my ($file) = split(/\&/,$row,2);
+            my ($file_name,$file_version,$file_ext) =
+                &file_name_version_ext($file);
+            if (($file_name eq $answer_name) &&
+                ($file_ext eq $answer_ext)) {
+                     # gets here if filename and extension match,
+                     # regardless of version
+                if ($file_version ne '') {
+                    # a versioned file is found  so save it for later
+                    if ($file_version > $version) {
+                        $version = $file_version;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    $version ++;
+    return($version);
+}
+
+sub version_selected_portfile {
+    my ($domain,$stu_name,$directory,$file_name,$version) = @_;
+    my ($answer_name,$answer_ver,$answer_ext) =
+        &file_name_version_ext($file_name);
+    my $new_answer;
+    $env{'form.copy'} =
+        &getfile("/uploaded/$domain/$stu_name/portfolio$directory$file_name");
+    if($env{'form.copy'} eq '-1') {
+        $new_answer = 'problem getting file';
+    } else {
+        $new_answer = $answer_name.'.'.$version.'.'.$answer_ext;
+        my $copy_result = 
+            &finishuserfileupload($stu_name,$domain,'copy',
+                                  '/portfolio'.$directory.$new_answer);
+    }
+    undef($env{'form.copy'});
+    return ($new_answer);
+}
+
+sub file_name_version_ext {
+    my ($file)=@_;
+    my @file_parts = split(/\./, $file);
+    my ($name,$version,$ext);
+    if (@file_parts > 1) {
+        $ext=pop(@file_parts);
+        if (@file_parts > 1 && $file_parts[-1] =~ /^\d+$/) {
+            $version=pop(@file_parts);
+        }
+        $name=join('.',@file_parts);
+    } else {
+        $name=join('.',@file_parts);
+    }
+    return($name,$version,$ext);
+}
+
 #----------------------------------------------Get portfolio file permissions
 
 sub get_portfile_permissions {
@@ -9338,9 +10588,9 @@ sub modify_access_controls {
     my $tries = 0;
     my $gotlock = &newput('file_permissions',$lockhash,$domain,$user);
    
-    while (($gotlock ne 'ok') && $tries <3) {
+    while (($gotlock ne 'ok') && $tries < 10) {
         $tries ++;
-        sleep 1;
+        sleep(0.1);
         $gotlock = &newput('file_permissions',$lockhash,$domain,$user);
     }
     if ($gotlock eq 'ok') {
@@ -9386,49 +10636,132 @@ sub modify_access_controls {
 }
 
 sub make_public_indefinitely {
-    my ($requrl) = @_;
+    my (@requrl) = @_;
+    return &automated_portfile_access('public',\@requrl);
+}
+
+sub automated_portfile_access {
+    my ($accesstype,$addsref,$delsref,$info) = @_;
+    unless (($accesstype eq 'public') || ($accesstype eq 'ip')) {
+        return 'invalid';
+    }
+    my %urls;
+    if (ref($addsref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        foreach my $requrl (@{$addsref}) {
+            if (&is_portfolio_url($requrl)) {
+                unless (exists($urls{$requrl})) {
+                    $urls{$requrl} = 'add';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($delsref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        foreach my $requrl (@{$delsref}) { 
+            if (&is_portfolio_url($requrl)) {
+                unless (exists($urls{$requrl})) {
+                    $urls{$requrl} = 'delete'; 
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unless (keys(%urls)) {
+        return 'invalid';
+    }
+    my $ip;
+    if ($accesstype eq 'ip') {
+        if (ref($info) eq 'HASH') {
+            if ($info->{'ip'} ne '') {
+                $ip = $info->{'ip'};
+            }
+        }
+        if ($ip eq '') {
+            return 'invalid';
+        }
+    }
+    my $errors;
     my $now = time;
-    my $action = 'activate';
-    my $aclnum = 0;
-    if (&is_portfolio_url($requrl)) {
+    my %current_perms;
+    foreach my $requrl (sort(keys(%urls))) {
+        my $action;
+        if ($urls{$requrl} eq 'add') {
+            $action = 'activate';
+        } else {
+            $action = 'none';
+        }
+        my $aclnum = 0;
         my (undef,$udom,$unum,$file_name,$group) =
             &parse_portfolio_url($requrl);
-        my $current_perms = &get_portfile_permissions($udom,$unum);
-        my %access_controls = &get_access_controls($current_perms,
+        unless (exists($current_perms{$unum.':'.$udom})) {
+            $current_perms{$unum.':'.$udom} = &get_portfile_permissions($udom,$unum);
+        }
+        my %access_controls = &get_access_controls($current_perms{$unum.':'.$udom},
                                                    $group,$file_name);
         foreach my $key (keys(%{$access_controls{$file_name}})) {
             my ($num,$scope,$end,$start) = 
                 ($key =~ /^([^:]+):([a-z]+)_(\d*)_?(\d*)$/);
-            if ($scope eq 'public') {
-                if ($start <= $now && $end == 0) {
-                    $action = 'none';
-                } else {
+            if ($scope eq $accesstype) {
+                if (($start <= $now) && ($end == 0)) {
+                    if ($accesstype eq 'ip') {
+                        if (ref($access_controls{$file_name}{$key}) eq 'HASH') {
+                            if (ref($access_controls{$file_name}{$key}{'ip'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                if (grep(/^\Q$ip\E$/,@{$access_controls{$file_name}{$key}{'ip'}})) {
+                                    if ($urls{$requrl} eq 'add') {
+                                        $action = 'none';
+                                        last;
+                                    } else {
+                                        $action = 'delete';
+                                        $aclnum = $num;
+                                        last;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } elsif ($accesstype eq 'public') {
+                        if ($urls{$requrl} eq 'add') {
+                            $action = 'none';
+                            last;
+                        } else {
+                            $action = 'delete';
+                            $aclnum = $num;
+                            last;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif ($accesstype eq 'public') {
                     $action = 'update';
                     $aclnum = $num;
+                    last;
                 }
-                last;
             }
         }
         if ($action eq 'none') {
-             return 'ok';
+            next;
         } else {
             my %changes;
             my $newend = 0;
             my $newstart = $now;
-            my $newkey = $aclnum.':public_'.$newend.'_'.$newstart;
+            my $newkey = $aclnum.':'.$accesstype.'_'.$newend.'_'.$newstart;
             $changes{$action}{$newkey} = {
-                type => 'public',
+                type => $accesstype,
                 time => {
                     start => $newstart,
                     end   => $newend,
                 },
             };
+            if ($accesstype eq 'ip') {
+                $changes{$action}{$newkey}{'ip'} = [$ip];
+            }
             my ($outcome,$deloutcome,$new_values,$translation) =
                 &modify_access_controls($file_name,\%changes,$udom,$unum);
-            return $outcome;
+            unless ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+                $errors .= $outcome.' ';
+            }
         }
+    }
+    if ($errors) {
+        $errors =~ s/\s$//;
+        return $errors;
     } else {
-        return 'invalid';
+        return 'ok';
     }
 }
 
@@ -9633,7 +10966,24 @@ sub dirlist {
             foreach my $user (sort(keys(%allusers))) {
                 push(@alluserslist,$user.'&user');
             }
-            return (\@alluserslist);
+
+            if (!%listerror) {
+                # no errors
+                return (\@alluserslist);
+            } elsif (scalar(keys(%servers)) == 1) {
+                # one library server, one error 
+                my ($key) = keys(%listerror);
+                return (\@alluserslist, $listerror{$key});
+            } elsif ( grep { $_ eq 'con_lost' } values(%listerror) ) {
+                # con_lost indicates that we might miss data from at least one
+                # library server
+                return (\@alluserslist, 'con_lost');
+            } else {
+                # multiple library servers and no con_lost -> data should be
+                # complete. 
+                return (\@alluserslist);
+            }
+
         } else {
             return ([],'missing username');
         }
@@ -9706,6 +11056,115 @@ sub stat_file {
     return ();
 }
 
+# --------------------------------------------------------- recursedirs
+# Recursive function to traverse either a specific user's Authoring Space
+# or corresponding Published Resource Space, and populate the hash ref:
+# $dirhashref with URLs of all directories, and if $filehashref hash
+# ref arg is provided, the URLs of any files, excluding versioned, .meta,
+# or .rights files in resource space, and .meta, .save, .log, and .bak
+# files in Authoring Space.
+#
+# Inputs:
+#
+# $is_home - true if current server is home server for user's space
+# $context - either: priv, or res respectively for Authoring or Resource Space.
+# $docroot - Document root (i.e., /home/httpd/html
+# $toppath - Top level directory (i.e., /res/$dom/$uname or /priv/$dom/$uname
+# $relpath - Current path (relative to top level).
+# $dirhashref - reference to hash to populate with URLs of directories (Required)
+# $filehashref - reference to hash to populate with URLs of files (Optional)
+#
+# Returns: nothing
+#
+# Side Effects: populates $dirhashref, and $filehashref (if provided).
+#
+# Currently used by interface/londocs.pm to create linked select boxes for
+# directory and filename to import a Course "Author" resource into a course, and
+# also to create linked select boxes for Authoring Space and Directory to choose
+# save location for creation of a new "standard" problem from the Course Editor.
+#
+
+sub recursedirs {
+    my ($is_home,$context,$docroot,$toppath,$relpath,$dirhashref,$filehashref) = @_;
+    return unless (ref($dirhashref) eq 'HASH');
+    my $currpath = $docroot.$toppath;
+    if ($relpath) {
+        $currpath .= "/$relpath";
+    }
+    my $savefile;
+    if (ref($filehashref)) {
+        $savefile = 1;
+    }
+    if ($is_home) {
+        if (opendir(my $dirh,$currpath)) {
+            foreach my $item (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } grep(!/^\.+$/,readdir($dirh))) {
+                next if ($item eq '');
+                if (-d "$currpath/$item") {
+                    my $newpath;
+                    if ($relpath) {
+                        $newpath = "$relpath/$item";
+                    } else {
+                        $newpath = $item;
+                    }
+                    $dirhashref->{&Apache::lonlocal::js_escape($newpath)} = 1;
+                    &recursedirs($is_home,$context,$docroot,$toppath,$newpath,$dirhashref,$filehashref);
+                } elsif ($savefile) {
+                    if ($context eq 'priv') {
+                        unless ($item =~ /\.(meta|save|log|bak|DS_Store)$/) {
+                            $filehashref->{&Apache::lonlocal::js_escape($relpath)}{$item} = 1;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        unless (($item =~ /\.meta$/) || ($item =~ /\.\d+\.\w+$/) || ($item =~ /\.rights$/)) {
+                            $filehashref->{&Apache::lonlocal::js_escape($relpath)}{$item} = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            closedir($dirh);
+        }
+    } else {
+        my ($dirlistref,$listerror) =
+            &dirlist($toppath.$relpath);
+        my @dir_lines;
+        my $dirptr=16384;
+        if (ref($dirlistref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            foreach my $dir_line (sort
+                              {
+                                  my ($afile)=split('&',$a,2);
+                                  my ($bfile)=split('&',$b,2);
+                                  return (lc($afile) cmp lc($bfile));
+                              } (@{$dirlistref})) {
+                my ($item,$dom,undef,$testdir,undef,undef,undef,undef,$size,undef,$mtime,undef,undef,undef,$obs,undef) =
+                    split(/\&/,$dir_line,16);
+                $item =~ s/\s+$//;
+                next if (($item =~ /^\.\.?$/) || ($obs));
+                if ($dirptr&$testdir) {
+                    my $newpath;
+                    if ($relpath) {
+                        $newpath = "$relpath/$item";
+                    } else {
+                        $relpath = '/';
+                        $newpath = $item;
+                    }
+                    $dirhashref->{&Apache::lonlocal::js_escape($newpath)} = 1;
+                    &recursedirs($is_home,$context,$docroot,$toppath,$newpath,$dirhashref,$filehashref);
+                } elsif ($savefile) {
+                    if ($context eq 'priv') {
+                        unless ($item =~ /\.(meta|save|log|bak|DS_Store)$/) {
+                            $filehashref->{$relpath}{$item} = 1;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        unless (($item =~ /\.meta$/) || ($item =~ /\.\d+\.\w+$/)) {
+                            $filehashref->{$relpath}{$item} = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------- Value of a Condition
 
 # gets the value of a specific preevaluated condition
@@ -9850,10 +11309,12 @@ sub get_userresdata {
     }
     #error 2 occurs when the .db doesn't exist
     if ($tmp!~/error: 2 /) {
-	&logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
-		 " Trying to get resource data for ".
-		 $uname." at ".$udom.": ".
-		 $tmp."</font>");
+        if ((!defined($cached)) || ($tmp ne 'con_lost')) {
+	    &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
+		     " Trying to get resource data for ".
+		     $uname." at ".$udom.": ".
+		     $tmp."</font>");
+        }
     } elsif ($tmp=~/error: 2 /) {
 	#&EXT_cache_set($udom,$uname);
 	&do_cache_new('userres',$hashid,undef,600);
@@ -9867,7 +11328,14 @@ sub get_userresdata {
 #  Parameters:
 #     $name      - Course/user name.
 #     $domain    - Name of the domain the user/course is registered on.
-#     $type      - Type of thing $name is (must be 'course' or 'user'
+#     $type      - Type of thing $name is (must be 'course' or 'user')
+#     $mapp      - decluttered URL of enclosing map  
+#     $recursed  - Ref to scalar -- set to 1, if nested maps have been recursed.
+#     $recurseup - Ref to array of map URLs, starting with map containing
+#                  $mapp up through hierarchy of nested maps to top level map.  
+#     $courseid  - CourseID (first part of param identifier).
+#     $modifier  - Middle part of param identifier.
+#     $what      - Last part of param identifier.
 #     @which     - Array of names of resources desired.
 #  Returns:
 #     The value of the first reasource in @which that is found in the
@@ -9877,7 +11345,8 @@ sub get_userresdata {
 #     'user', an undefined  reference is returned.
 #     If none of the resources are found, an undef is returned
 sub resdata {
-    my ($name,$domain,$type,@which)=@_;
+    my ($name,$domain,$type,$mapp,$recursed,$recurseup,$courseid,
+        $modifier,$what,@which)=@_;
     my $result;
     if ($type eq 'course') {
 	$result=&get_courseresdata($name,$domain);
@@ -9886,13 +11355,63 @@ sub resdata {
     }
     if (!ref($result)) { return $result; }    
     foreach my $item (@which) {
-	if (defined($result->{$item->[0]})) {
+        if ($item->[1] eq 'course') {
+            if ((ref($recurseup) eq 'ARRAY') && (ref($recursed) eq 'SCALAR')) {
+                unless ($$recursed) {
+                    @{$recurseup} = &get_map_hierarchy($mapp,$courseid);
+                    $$recursed = 1;
+                }
+                foreach my $item (@${recurseup}) {
+                    my $norecursechk=$courseid.$modifier.$item.'___(all).'.$what;
+                    last if (defined($result->{$norecursechk}));
+                    my $recursechk=$courseid.$modifier.$item.'___(rec).'.$what;
+                    if (defined($result->{$recursechk})) { return [$result->{$recursechk},'map']; }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (defined($result->{$item->[0]})) {
 	    return [$result->{$item->[0]},$item->[1]];
 	}
     }
     return undef;
 }
 
+sub get_domain_lti {
+    my ($cdom,$context) = @_;
+    my ($name,%lti);
+    if ($context eq 'consumer') {
+        $name = 'ltitools';
+    } elsif ($context eq 'provider') {
+        $name = 'lti';
+    } else {
+        return %lti;
+    }
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new($name,$cdom);
+    if (defined($cached)) {
+        if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+            %lti = %{$result};
+        }
+    } else {
+        my %domconfig = &get_dom('configuration',[$name],$cdom);
+        if (ref($domconfig{$name}) eq 'HASH') {
+            %lti = %{$domconfig{$name}};
+            my %encdomconfig = &get_dom('encconfig',[$name],$cdom);
+            if (ref($encdomconfig{$name}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $id (keys(%lti)) {
+                    if (ref($encdomconfig{$name}{$id}) eq 'HASH') {
+                        foreach my $item ('key','secret') {
+                            $lti{$id}{$item} = $encdomconfig{$name}{$id}{$item};
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        my $cachetime = 24*60*60;
+        &do_cache_new($name,$cdom,\%lti,$cachetime);
+    }
+    return %lti;
+}
+
 sub get_numsuppfiles {
     my ($cnum,$cdom,$ignorecache)=@_;
     my $hashid=$cnum.':'.$cdom;
@@ -9903,10 +11422,11 @@ sub get_numsuppfiles {
     unless (defined($cached)) {
         my $chome=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
         unless ($chome eq 'no_host') {
-            ($suppcount,my $errors) = (0,0);
+            ($suppcount,my $supptools,my $errors) = (0,0,0);
             my $suppmap = 'supplemental.sequence';
-            ($suppcount,$errors) =
-                &Apache::loncommon::recurse_supplemental($cnum,$cdom,$suppmap,$suppcount,$errors);
+            ($suppcount,$supptools,$errors) =
+                &Apache::loncommon::recurse_supplemental($cnum,$cdom,$suppmap,$suppcount,
+                                                         $supptools,$errors);
         }
         &do_cache_new('suppcount',$hashid,$suppcount,600);
     }
@@ -9917,6 +11437,16 @@ sub get_numsuppfiles {
 # EXT resource caching routines
 #
 
+{
+# Cache (5 seconds) of map hierarchy for speedup of navmaps display
+#
+# The course for which we cache
+my $cachedmapkey='';
+# The cached recursive maps for this course
+my %cachedmaps=();
+# When this was last done
+my $cachedmaptime='';
+
 sub clear_EXT_cache_status {
     &delenv('cache.EXT.');
 }
@@ -10094,23 +11624,22 @@ sub EXT {
             }
         }
 
-	my ($section, $group, @groups);
-	my ($courselevelm,$courselevel);
+	my ($section, $group, @groups, @recurseup, $recursed);
+	my ($courselevelm,$courseleveli,$courselevel,$mapp);
         if (($courseid eq '') && ($cid)) {
             $courseid = $cid;
         }
 	if (($symbparm && $courseid) && 
-	    (($courseid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) || ($courseid eq $cid))) {
+	    (($courseid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) || ($courseid eq $cid)))  {
 
 	    #print '<br>'.$space.' - '.$qualifier.' - '.$spacequalifierrest;
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------- Cascading lookup scheme
 	    my $symbp=$symbparm;
-	    my $mapp=&deversion((&decode_symb($symbp))[0]);
-
+	    $mapp=&deversion((&decode_symb($symbp))[0]);
 	    my $symbparm=$symbp.'.'.$spacequalifierrest;
+            my $recurseparm=$mapp.'___(rec).'.$spacequalifierrest;
 	    my $mapparm=$mapp.'___(all).'.$spacequalifierrest;
-
 	    if (($env{'user.name'} eq $uname) &&
 		($env{'user.domain'} eq $udom)) {
 		$section=$env{'request.course.sec'};
@@ -10127,17 +11656,21 @@ sub EXT {
 
 	    my $seclevel=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$spacequalifierrest;
 	    my $seclevelr=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$symbparm;
+            my $secleveli=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$recurseparm;
 	    my $seclevelm=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$mapparm;
 
 	    $courselevel=$courseid.'.'.$spacequalifierrest;
 	    my $courselevelr=$courseid.'.'.$symbparm;
+            $courseleveli=$courseid.'.'.$recurseparm;
 	    $courselevelm=$courseid.'.'.$mapparm;
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------- first, check user
 
-	    my $userreply=&resdata($uname,$udom,'user',
+	    my $userreply=&resdata($uname,$udom,'user',$mapp,\$recursed,
+                                   \@recurseup,$courseid,'.',$spacequalifierrest, 
 				       ([$courselevelr,'resource'],
 					[$courselevelm,'map'     ],
+                                        [$courseleveli,'map'     ],
 					[$courselevel, 'course'  ]));
 	    if (defined($userreply)) { return &get_reply($userreply); }
 
@@ -10145,15 +11678,18 @@ sub EXT {
             my $coursereply;
             if (@groups > 0) {
                 $coursereply = &check_group_parms($courseid,\@groups,$symbparm,
-                                       $mapparm,$spacequalifierrest);
-                if (defined($coursereply)) { return &get_reply($coursereply); }
+                                       $recurseparm,$mapparm,$spacequalifierrest,
+                                       $mapp,\$recursed,\@recurseup);
+                if (defined($coursereply)) { return &get_reply($coursereply); } 
             }
 
 	    $coursereply=&resdata($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
 				  $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
-				  'course',
+				  'course',$mapp,\$recursed,\@recurseup,
+                                  $courseid,'.['.$section.'].',$spacequalifierrest,
 				  ([$seclevelr,   'resource'],
 				   [$seclevelm,   'map'     ],
+                                   [$secleveli,   'map'     ],
 				   [$seclevel,    'course'  ],
 				   [$courselevelr,'resource']));
 	    if (defined($coursereply)) { return &get_reply($coursereply); }
@@ -10170,8 +11706,9 @@ sub EXT {
 	    if ($thisparm) { return &get_reply([$thisparm,'resource']); }
 	}
 # ------------------------------------------ fourth, look in resource metadata
-
-	$spacequalifierrest=~s/\./\_/;
+ 
+        my $what = $spacequalifierrest;
+	$what=~s/\./\_/;
 	my $filename;
 	if (!$symbparm) { $symbparm=&symbread(); }
 	if ($symbparm) {
@@ -10179,18 +11716,24 @@ sub EXT {
 	} else {
 	    $filename=$env{'request.filename'};
 	}
-	my $metadata=&metadata($filename,$spacequalifierrest);
+        my $toolsymb;
+        if (($filename =~ /ext\.tool$/) && ($what ne '0_gradable')) {
+            $toolsymb = $symbparm;
+        }
+	my $metadata=&metadata($filename,$what,$toolsymb);
 	if (defined($metadata)) { return &get_reply([$metadata,'resource']); }
-	$metadata=&metadata($filename,'parameter_'.$spacequalifierrest);
+	$metadata=&metadata($filename,'parameter_'.$what,$toolsymb);
 	if (defined($metadata)) { return &get_reply([$metadata,'resource']); }
 
-# ---------------------------------------------- fourth, look in rest of course
+# ----------------------------------------------- fifth, look in rest of course
 	if ($symbparm && defined($courseid) && 
 	    $courseid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) {
 	    my $coursereply=&resdata($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
 				     $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
-				     'course',
+				     'course',$mapp,\$recursed,\@recurseup,
+                                     $courseid,'.',$spacequalifierrest,
 				     ([$courselevelm,'map'   ],
+                                      [$courseleveli,'map'   ],
 				      [$courselevel, 'course']));
 	    if (defined($coursereply)) { return &get_reply($coursereply); }
 	}
@@ -10205,7 +11748,7 @@ sub EXT {
 	    if (defined($partgeneral[0])) { return &get_reply(\@partgeneral); }
 	}
 	if ($recurse) { return undef; }
-	my $pack_def=&packages_tab_default($filename,$varname);
+	my $pack_def=&packages_tab_default($filename,$varname,$toolsymb);
 	if (defined($pack_def)) { return &get_reply([$pack_def,'resource']); }
 # ---------------------------------------------------- Any other user namespace
     } elsif ($realm eq 'environment') {
@@ -10247,22 +11790,51 @@ sub get_reply {
 }
 
 sub check_group_parms {
-    my ($courseid,$groups,$symbparm,$mapparm,$what) = @_;
-    my @groupitems = ();
-    my $resultitem;
-    my @levels = ([$symbparm,'resource'],[$mapparm,'map'],[$what,'course']);
+    my ($courseid,$groups,$symbparm,$recurseparm,$mapparm,$what,$mapp,
+        $recursed,$recurseupref) = @_;
+    my @levels = ([$symbparm,'resource'],[$mapparm,'map'],[$recurseparm,'map'],
+                  [$what,'course']);
+    my $coursereply;
     foreach my $group (@{$groups}) {
+        my @groupitems = ();
         foreach my $level (@levels) {
              my $item = $courseid.'.['.$group.'].'.$level->[0];
              push(@groupitems,[$item,$level->[1]]);
         }
+        my $coursereply = &resdata($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
+                                   $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
+                                   'course',$mapp,$recursed,$recurseupref,
+                                   $courseid,'.['.$group.'].',$what,
+                                   @groupitems);
+        last if (defined($coursereply));
     }
-    my $coursereply = &resdata($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
-                            $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
-                                     'course',@groupitems);
     return $coursereply;
 }
 
+sub get_map_hierarchy {
+    my ($mapname,$courseid) = @_;
+    my @recurseup = ();
+    if ($mapname) {
+        if (($cachedmapkey eq $courseid) &&
+            (abs($cachedmaptime-time)<5)) {
+            if (ref($cachedmaps{$mapname}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                return @{$cachedmaps{$mapname}};
+            }
+        }
+        my $navmap = Apache::lonnavmaps::navmap->new();
+        if (ref($navmap)) {
+            @recurseup = $navmap->recurseup_maps($mapname);
+            undef($navmap);
+            $cachedmaps{$mapname} = \@recurseup;
+            $cachedmaptime=time;
+            $cachedmapkey=$courseid;
+        }
+    }
+    return @recurseup;
+}
+
+}
+
 sub sort_course_groups { # Sort groups based on defined rankings. Default is sort().
     my ($courseid,@groups) = @_;
     @groups = sort(@groups);
@@ -10270,11 +11842,11 @@ sub sort_course_groups { # Sort groups b
 }
 
 sub packages_tab_default {
-    my ($uri,$varname)=@_;
+    my ($uri,$varname,$toolsymb)=@_;
     my (undef,$part,$name)=split(/\./,$varname);
 
     my (@extension,@specifics,$do_default);
-    foreach my $package (split(/,/,&metadata($uri,'packages'))) {
+    foreach my $package (split(/,/,&metadata($uri,'packages',$toolsymb))) {
 	my ($pack_type,$pack_part)=split(/_/,$package,2);
 	if ($pack_type eq 'default') {
 	    $do_default=1;
@@ -10341,13 +11913,14 @@ sub add_prefix_and_part {
 
 my %metaentry;
 my %importedpartids;
+my %importedrespids;
 sub metadata {
-    my ($uri,$what,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount)=@_;
+    my ($uri,$what,$toolsymb,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount)=@_;
     $uri=&declutter($uri);
     # if it is a non metadata possible uri return quickly
     if (($uri eq '') || 
 	(($uri =~ m|^/*adm/|) && 
-	     ($uri !~ m|^adm/includes|) && ($uri !~ m{/(smppg|bulletinboard)$})) ||
+	     ($uri !~ m|^adm/includes|) && ($uri !~ m{/(smppg|bulletinboard|ext\.tool)$})) ||
         ($uri =~ m|/$|) || ($uri =~ m|/.meta$|) || ($uri =~ m{^/*uploaded/.+\.sequence$})) {
 	return undef;
     }
@@ -10366,11 +11939,72 @@ sub metadata {
 	my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('meta',$uri);
 	if (defined($cached)) { return $result->{':'.$what}; }
     }
+
+#
+# If the uri is for an external tool the file from
+# which metadata should be retrieved depends on whether
+# the tool had been configured to be gradable (set in the Course
+# Editor or Resource Editor).
+#
+# If a valid symb has been included as the third arg in the call
+# to &metadata() that can be used to retrieve the value of
+# parameter_0_gradable set for the resource, and included in the
+# uploaded map containing the tool. The value is retrieved via
+# &EXT(), if a valid symb is available.  Otherwise the value of
+# gradable in the exttool_$marker.db file for the tool instance
+# is retrieved via &get().
+#
+# When lonuserstate::traceroute() calls lonnet::EXT() for 
+# hiddenresource and encrypturl (during course initialization)
+# the map-level parameter for resource.0.gradable included in the 
+# uploaded map containing the tool will not yet have been stored
+# in the user_course_parms.db file for the user's session, so in 
+# this case fall back to retrieving gradable status from the
+# exttool_$marker.db file.
+#
+# In order to avoid an infinite loop, &metadata() will return
+# before a call to &EXT(), if the uri is for an external tool
+# and the $what for which metadata is being requested is
+# parameter_0_gradable or 0_gradable.
+#
+
+    if ($uri =~ /ext\.tool$/) {
+        if (($what eq 'parameter_0_gradable') || ($what eq '0_gradable')) {
+            return;
+        } else {
+            my ($checked,$use_passback);
+            if ($toolsymb ne '') {
+                (undef,undef,my $tooluri) = &decode_symb($toolsymb);
+                if (($tooluri eq $uri) && (&EXT('resource.0.gradable',$toolsymb))) {
+                    $checked = 1;
+                    if (&EXT('resource.0.gradable',$toolsymb) =~ /^yes$/i) {
+                        $use_passback = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($checked) {
+                my ($ignore,$cdom,$cnum,$marker) = split(m{/},$uri);
+                $marker=~s/\D//g;
+                if ($marker) {
+                    my %toolsettings=&get('exttool_'.$marker,['gradable'],$cdom,$cnum);
+                    $use_passback = $toolsettings{'gradable'};
+                }
+            }
+            if ($use_passback) {
+                $filename = '/home/httpd/html/res/lib/templates/LTIpassback.tool';
+            } else {
+                $filename = '/home/httpd/html/res/lib/templates/LTIstandard.tool';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     {
 # Imported parts would go here
-        my %importedids=();
-        my @origfileimportpartids=();
+        my @origfiletagids=();
         my $importedparts=0;
+
+# Imported responseids would go here
+        my $importedresponses=0;
 #
 # Is this a recursive call for a library?
 #
@@ -10465,27 +12099,77 @@ sub metadata {
                         my $dir=$filename;
                         $dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
                         $location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
-                       
+
+                        my $importid=$token->[2]->{'id'};
                         my $importmode=$token->[2]->{'importmode'};
-                        if ($importmode eq 'problem') {
-# Import as problem/response
-                           $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
-                        } elsif ($importmode eq 'part') {
+#
+# Check metadata for imported file to
+# see if it contained response items
+#
+                        my ($origfile,@libfilekeys);
+                        my %currmetaentry = %metaentry;
+                        @libfilekeys = split(/,/,&metadata($location,'keys',undef,undef,undef,
+                                                           $depthcount+1));
+                        if (grep(/^responseorder$/,@libfilekeys)) {
+                            my $libresponseorder = &metadata($location,'responseorder',undef,undef,
+                                                             undef,$depthcount+1);
+                            if ($libresponseorder ne '') {
+                                if ($#origfiletagids<0) {
+                                    undef(%importedrespids);
+                                    undef(%importedpartids);
+                                }
+                                my @respids = split(/\s*,\s*/,$libresponseorder);
+                                if (@respids) {
+                                    $importedrespids{$importid} = join(',',map { $importid.'_'.$_ } @respids);
+                                }
+                                if ($importedrespids{$importid} ne '') {
+                                    $importedresponses = 1;
+# We need to get the original file and the imported file to get the response order correct
+# Load and inspect original file
+                                    if ($#origfiletagids<0) {
+                                        my $origfilelocation=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.&clutter($uri);
+                                        $origfile=&getfile($origfilelocation);
+                                        @origfiletagids=($origfile=~/<((?:\w+)response|import|part)[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+# Do not overwrite contents of %metaentry hash for resource itself with 
+# hash populated for imported library file
+                        %metaentry = %currmetaentry;
+                        undef(%currmetaentry);
+                        if ($importmode eq 'part') {
 # Import as part(s)
                            $importedparts=1;
 # We need to get the original file and the imported file to get the part order correct
 # Good news: we do not need to worry about nested libraries, since parts cannot be nested
-# Load and inspect original file
-                           if ($#origfileimportpartids<0) {
-                              undef(%importedpartids);
-                              my $origfilelocation=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.&clutter($uri);
-                              my $origfile=&getfile($origfilelocation);
-                              @origfileimportpartids=($origfile=~/<(part|import)[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+# Load and inspect original file if we didn't do that already
+                           if ($#origfiletagids<0) {
+                               undef(%importedrespids);
+                               undef(%importedpartids);
+                               if ($origfile eq '') {
+                                   my $origfilelocation=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.&clutter($uri);
+                                   $origfile=&getfile($origfilelocation);
+                                   @origfiletagids=($origfile=~/<(part|import)[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+                               }
+                           }
+                           my @impfilepartids;
+# If <partorder> tag is included in metadata for the imported file
+# get the parts in the imported file from that.
+                           if (grep(/^partorder$/,@libfilekeys)) {
+                               %currmetaentry = %metaentry;
+                               my $libpartorder = &metadata($location,'partorder',undef,undef,undef,
+                                                            $depthcount+1);
+                               %metaentry = %currmetaentry;
+                               undef(%currmetaentry);
+                               if ($libpartorder ne '') {
+                                   @impfilepartids=split(/\s*,\s*/,$libpartorder);
+                               }
+                           } else {
+# If no <partorder> tag available, load and inspect imported file
+                               my $impfile=&getfile($location);
+                               @impfilepartids=($impfile=~/<part[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
                            }
-
-# Load and inspect imported file
-                           my $impfile=&getfile($location);
-                           my @impfilepartids=($impfile=~/<part[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
                            if ($#impfilepartids>=0) {
 # This problem had parts
                                $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=join(',',@impfilepartids);
@@ -10496,22 +12180,36 @@ sub metadata {
                                $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=$token->[2]->{'id'};
                            }
                         } else {
+# Import as problem or as normal import
+                            $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
+                            unless ($importmode eq 'problem') {
 # Normal import
-                           $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
-                           if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) {
-                              $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'};
-                           }
+                                if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) {
+                                    $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'};
+                                }
+                            }
+# Check metadata for imported file to
+# see if it contained parts
+                            if (grep(/^partorder$/,@libfilekeys)) {
+                                %currmetaentry = %metaentry;
+                                my $libpartorder = &metadata($location,'partorder',undef,undef,undef,
+                                                             $depthcount+1);
+                                %metaentry = %currmetaentry;
+                                undef(%currmetaentry);
+                                if ($libpartorder ne '') {
+                                    $importedparts = 1;
+                                    $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=$libpartorder;
+                                }
+                            }
                         }
-
 			if ($depthcount<20) {
 			    my $metadata = 
-				&metadata($uri,'keys', $location,$unikey,
+				&metadata($uri,'keys',$toolsymb,$location,$unikey,
 					  $depthcount+1);
 			    foreach my $meta (split(',',$metadata)) {
 				$metaentry{':'.$meta}=$metaentry{':'.$meta};
 				$metathesekeys{$meta}=1;
 			    }
-			
                         }
 		    } else {
 #
@@ -10580,7 +12278,7 @@ sub metadata {
 		$dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
 		$location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
 		my $rights_metadata =
-		    &metadata($uri,'keys',$location,'_rights',
+		    &metadata($uri,'keys',$toolsymb,$location,'_rights',
 			      $depthcount+1);
 		foreach my $rights (split(',',$rights_metadata)) {
 		    #$metaentry{':'.$rights}=$metacache{$uri}->{':'.$rights};
@@ -10594,26 +12292,57 @@ sub metadata {
 	    grep { ! $seen{$_} ++ } (split(',',$metaentry{':packages'}));
 	$metaentry{':packages'} = join(',',@uniq_packages);
 
-        if ($importedparts) {
+        if (($importedresponses) || ($importedparts)) {
+            if ($importedparts) {
 # We had imported parts and need to rebuild partorder
-           $metaentry{':partorder'}='';
-           $metathesekeys{'partorder'}=1;
-           for (my $index=0;$index<$#origfileimportpartids;$index+=2) {
-               if ($origfileimportpartids[$index] eq 'part') {
-# original part, part of the problem
-                  $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$origfileimportpartids[$index+1];
-               } else {
-# we have imported parts at this position
-                  $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$importedpartids{$origfileimportpartids[$index+1]};
-               }
-           }
-           $metaentry{':partorder'}=~s/^\,//;
+                $metaentry{':partorder'}='';
+                $metathesekeys{'partorder'}=1;
+            }
+            if ($importedresponses) {
+# We had imported responses and need to rebuil responseorder
+                $metaentry{':responseorder'}='';
+                $metathesekeys{'responseorder'}=1;
+            }
+            for (my $index=0;$index<$#origfiletagids;$index+=2) {
+                my $origid = $origfiletagids[$index+1];
+                if ($origfiletagids[$index] eq 'part') {
+# Original part, part of the problem
+                    if ($importedparts) {
+                        $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$origid;
+                    }
+                } elsif ($origfiletagids[$index] eq 'import') {
+                    if ($importedparts) {
+# We have imported parts at this position
+                        if ($importedpartids{$origid} ne '') {
+                            $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$importedpartids{$origid};
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if ($importedresponses) {
+# We have imported responses at this position
+                        if ($importedrespids{$origid} ne '') {
+                            $metaentry{':responseorder'}.=','.$importedrespids{$origid};
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+# Original response item, part of the problem
+                    if ($importedresponses) {
+                        $metaentry{':responseorder'}.=','.$origid;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($importedparts) {
+                $metaentry{':partorder'}=~s/^\,//;
+            }
+            if ($importedresponses) {
+                $metaentry{':responseorder'}=~s/^\,//;
+            }
         }
-
 	$metaentry{':keys'} = join(',',keys(%metathesekeys));
 	&metadata_generate_part0(\%metathesekeys,\%metaentry,$uri);
 	$metaentry{':allpossiblekeys'}=join(',',keys(%metathesekeys));
-	&do_cache_new('meta',$uri,\%metaentry,$cachetime);
+        unless ($liburi) {
+	    &do_cache_new('meta',$uri,\%metaentry,$cachetime);
+        }
 # this is the end of "was not already recently cached
     }
     return $metaentry{':'.$what};
@@ -10888,7 +12617,7 @@ sub symbverify {
             $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.&clutter($thisurl)};
         }
         unless ($ids) {
-            my $idkey = 'ids_'.($thisurl =~ m{^/}? '' : '/').$thisurl;
+            my $idkey = 'ids_'.($thisurl =~ m{^/}? '' : '/').$thisurl;  
             $ids=$bighash{$idkey};
         }
         if ($ids) {
@@ -10904,14 +12633,14 @@ sub symbverify {
                    if (ref($encstate)) {
                        $$encstate = $bighash{'encrypted_'.$id};
                    }
-                   if (($env{'request.role.adv'}) ||
-                       ($bighash{'encrypted_'.$id} eq $env{'request.enc'}) ||
+		   if (($env{'request.role.adv'}) ||
+		       ($bighash{'encrypted_'.$id} eq $env{'request.enc'}) ||
                        ($thisurl eq '/adm/navmaps')) {
-                       $okay=1;
+		       $okay=1;
                        last;
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+		   }
+	       }
+	   }
         }
 	untie(%bighash);
     }
@@ -10983,15 +12712,21 @@ sub deversion {
 # ------------------------------------------------------ Return symb list entry
 
 sub symbread {
-    my ($thisfn,$donotrecurse)=@_;
+    my ($thisfn,$donotrecurse,$ignorecachednull,$checkforblock,$possibles)=@_;
     my $cache_str='request.symbread.cached.'.$thisfn;
-    if (defined($env{$cache_str})) { return $env{$cache_str}; }
+    if (defined($env{$cache_str})) {
+        if ($ignorecachednull) {
+            return $env{$cache_str} unless ($env{$cache_str} eq '');
+        } else {
+            return $env{$cache_str};
+        }
+    }
 # no filename provided? try from environment
     unless ($thisfn) {
         if ($env{'request.symb'}) {
-            return $env{$cache_str}=&symbclean($env{'request.symb'});
-        }
-        $thisfn=$env{'request.filename'};
+	    return $env{$cache_str}=&symbclean($env{'request.symb'});
+	}
+	$thisfn=$env{'request.filename'};
     }
     if ($thisfn=~m|^/enc/|) { $thisfn=&Apache::lonenc::unencrypted($thisfn); }
 # is that filename actually a symb? Verify, clean, and return
@@ -11047,18 +12782,46 @@ sub symbread {
 		     my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$ids);
 		     $syval=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
 						    $resid,$thisfn);
-                 } elsif (!$donotrecurse) {
+                     if (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH') {
+                         $possibles->{$syval} = 1;    
+                     }
+                     if ($checkforblock) {
+                         my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking('bre',$syval,$bighash{'src_'.$ids});
+                         if (@blockers) {
+                             $syval = '';
+                             return;
+                         }
+                     }
+                 } elsif ((!$donotrecurse) || ($checkforblock) || (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH')) { 
 # ------------------------------------------ There is more than one possibility
                      my $realpossible=0;
                      foreach my $id (@possibilities) {
 			 my $file=$bighash{'src_'.$id};
-                         if (&allowed('bre',$file)) {
-         		    my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$id);
-                            if ($bighash{'map_type_'.$mapid} ne 'page') {
-				$realpossible++;
-                                $syval=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
-						    $resid,$thisfn);
-                            }
+                         my $canaccess;
+                         if (($donotrecurse) || ($checkforblock) || (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH')) {
+                             $canaccess = 1;
+                         } else { 
+                             $canaccess = &allowed('bre',$file);
+                         }
+                         if ($canaccess) {
+         		     my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$id);
+                             if ($bighash{'map_type_'.$mapid} ne 'page') {
+                                 my $poss_syval=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
+						             $resid,$thisfn);
+                                 if (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH') {
+                                     $possibles->{$syval} = 1;
+                                 }
+                                 if ($checkforblock) {
+                                     my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking('bre',$poss_syval,$file);
+                                     unless (@blockers > 0) {
+                                         $syval = $poss_syval;
+                                         $realpossible++;
+                                     }
+                                 } else {
+                                     $syval = $poss_syval;
+                                     $realpossible++;
+                                 }
+                             }
 			 }
                      }
 		     if ($realpossible!=1) { $syval=''; }
@@ -11066,7 +12829,7 @@ sub symbread {
                      $syval='';
                  }
 	      }
-              untie(%bighash)
+              untie(%bighash);
            }
         }
         if ($syval) {
@@ -11219,6 +12982,7 @@ sub rndseed {
 	$which =&get_rand_alg($courseid);
     }
     if (defined(&getCODE())) {
+
 	if ($which eq '64bit5') {
 	    return &rndseed_CODE_64bit5($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
 	} elsif ($which eq '64bit4') {
@@ -11404,7 +13168,7 @@ sub rndseed_CODE_64bit5 {
 sub setup_random_from_rndseed {
     my ($rndseed)=@_;
     if ($rndseed =~/([,:])/) {
-	my ($num1,$num2) = map { abs($_); } (split(/[,:]/,$rndseed));
+        my ($num1,$num2) = map { abs($_); } (split(/[,:]/,$rndseed));
         if ((!$num1) || (!$num2) || ($num1 > 2147483562) || ($num2 > 2147483398)) {
             &Math::Random::random_set_seed_from_phrase($rndseed);
         } else {
@@ -11588,17 +13352,17 @@ sub repcopy_userfile {
     }
 # now the path exists for sure
 # get a user agent
-    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
     my $transferfile=$file.'.in.transfer';
 # FIXME: this should flock
     if (-e $transferfile) { return 'ok'; }
     my $request;
     $uri=~s/^\///;
     my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $hostname = &hostname($homeserver);
     my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
     $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
-    $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$protocol.'://'.&hostname($homeserver).'/raw/'.$uri);
-    my $response=$ua->request($request,$transferfile);
+    $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/raw/'.$uri);
+    my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($homeserver,$request,$transferfile,\%perlvar,'',0,1);
 # did it work?
     if ($response->is_error()) {
 	unlink($transferfile);
@@ -11621,9 +13385,10 @@ sub tokenwrapper {
 	$file=~s|(\?\.*)*$||;
         &appenv({"userfile.$udom/$uname/$file" => $env{'request.course.id'}});
         my $homeserver = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        my $hostname = &hostname($homeserver);
         my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
         $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
-        return $protocol.'://'.&hostname($homeserver).'/'.$uri.
+        return $protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/'.$uri.
                (($uri=~/\?/)?'&':'?').'token='.$token.
                                '&tokenissued='.$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
     } else {
@@ -11639,12 +13404,12 @@ sub getuploaded {
     my ($reqtype,$uri,$cdom,$cnum,$info,$rtncode) = @_;
     $uri=~s/^\///;
     my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $hostname = &hostname($homeserver);
     my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
     $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
-    $uri = $protocol.'://'.&hostname($homeserver).'/raw/'.$uri;
-    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+    $uri = $protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/raw/'.$uri;
     my $request=new HTTP::Request($reqtype,$uri);
-    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+    my $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($homeserver,$request,'',\%perlvar,'',0,1);
     $$rtncode = $response->code;
     if (! $response->is_success()) {
 	return 'failed';
@@ -11661,7 +13426,7 @@ sub readfile {
     my $file = shift;
     if ( (! -e $file ) || ($file eq '') ) { return -1; };
     my $fh;
-    open($fh,"<$file");
+    open($fh,"<",$file);
     my $a='';
     while (my $line = <$fh>) { $a .= $line; }
     return $a;
@@ -11774,7 +13539,7 @@ sub machine_ids {
 
 sub additional_machine_domains {
     my @domains;
-    open(my $fh,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/expected_domains.tab");
+    open(my $fh,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/expected_domains.tab");
     while( my $line = <$fh>) {
         $line =~ s/\s//g;
         push(@domains,$line);
@@ -11795,6 +13560,44 @@ sub default_login_domain {
     return $domain;
 }
 
+sub uses_sts {
+    my ($ignore_cache) = @_;
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $hostname = &hostname($lonhost);
+    my $sts_on;
+    if ($protocol{$lonhost} eq 'https') {
+        my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+        if (!$ignore_cache) {
+            ($sts_on,my $cached)=&is_cached_new('stspolicy',$lonhost);
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                return $sts_on;
+            }
+        }
+        my $url = $protocol{$lonhost}.'://'.$hostname.'/index.html';
+        my $request=new HTTP::Request('HEAD',$url);
+        my $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($lonhost,$request,'',\%perlvar,'','','',1);
+        if ($response->is_success) {
+            my $has_sts = $response->header('Strict-Transport-Security');
+            if ($has_sts eq '') {
+                $sts_on = 0;
+            } else {
+                if ($has_sts =~ /\Qmax-age=\E(\d+)/) {
+                    my $maxage = $1;
+                    if ($maxage) {
+                        $sts_on = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $sts_on = 0;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $sts_on = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            return &do_cache_new('stspolicy',$lonhost,$sts_on,$cachetime);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Declutters URLs
 
 sub declutter {
@@ -11845,6 +13648,8 @@ sub clutter {
 #		&logthis("Got a blank emb style");
 	    }
 	}
+    } elsif ($thisfn =~ m{^/adm/$match_domain/$match_courseid/\d+/ext\.tool$}) {
+        $thisfn='/adm/wrapper'.$thisfn;
     }
     return $thisfn;
 }
@@ -11918,37 +13723,51 @@ sub get_dns {
     }
 
     my %alldns;
-    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab");
-    foreach my $dns (<$config>) {
-	next if ($dns !~ /^\^(\S*)/x);
-        my $line = $1;
-        my ($host,$protocol) = split(/:/,$line);
-        if ($protocol ne 'https') {
-            $protocol = 'http';
+    if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab")) {
+        foreach my $dns (<$config>) {
+	    next if ($dns !~ /^\^(\S*)/x);
+            my $line = $1;
+            my ($host,$protocol) = split(/:/,$line);
+            if ($protocol ne 'https') {
+                $protocol = 'http';
+            }
+	    $alldns{$host} = $protocol;
         }
-	$alldns{$host} = $protocol;
+        close($config);
     }
     while (%alldns) {
 	my ($dns) = sort { $b cmp $a } keys(%alldns);
-	my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
-        $ua->timeout(30);
 	my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$alldns{$dns}://$dns$url");
-	my $response=$ua->request($request);
+        my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest('',$request,'',\%perlvar,30,0);
         delete($alldns{$dns});
 	next if ($response->is_error());
-	my @content = split("\n",$response->content);
-        unless ($nocache) {
-	    &do_cache_new('dns',$url,\@content,30*24*60*60);
+        if ($url eq '/adm/dns/loncapaCRL') {
+            return &$func($response);
+        } else {
+	    my @content = split("\n",$response->content);
+	    unless ($nocache) {
+	        &do_cache_new('dns',$url,\@content,30*24*60*60);
+	    }
+	    &$func(\@content,$hashref);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    my $which = (split('/',$url,4))[3];
+    if ($which eq 'loncapaCRL') {
+        my $diskfile = "$perlvar{'lonCertificateDirectory'}/$perlvar{'lonnetCertRevocationList'}";
+        if (-e $diskfile) {
+            &logthis("unable to contact DNS, on disk file $diskfile not updated");
+        } else {
+            &logthis("unable to contact DNS, no on disk file $diskfile available");
+        }
+    } else {
+        &logthis("unable to contact DNS defaulting to on disk file dns_$which.tab\n");
+        if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/dns_$which.tab")) {
+            my @content = <$config>;
+            close($config);
+            &$func(\@content,$hashref);
         }
-	&$func(\@content,$hashref);
-	return;
     }
-    close($config);
-    my $which = (split('/',$url))[3];
-    &logthis("unable to contact DNS defaulting to on disk file dns_$which.tab\n");
-    open($config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/dns_$which.tab");
-    my @content = <$config>;
-    &$func(\@content,$hashref);
     return;
 }
 
@@ -11976,7 +13795,7 @@ sub parse_dns_checksums_tab {
     if (ref($lines) eq 'ARRAY') {
         chomp(@{$lines});
         my $version = shift(@{$lines});
-        if ($version eq $release) {
+        if ($version eq $release) {  
             foreach my $line (@{$lines}) {
                 my ($file,$version,$shasum) = split(/,/,$line);
                 if ($file =~ m{^/etc/httpd/conf}) {
@@ -12008,6 +13827,79 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
     return \%checksums;
 }
 
+sub fetch_crl_pemfile {
+    return &get_dns("/adm/dns/loncapaCRL",\&save_crl_pem,1,1);
+}
+
+sub save_crl_pem {
+    my ($response) = @_;
+    my ($msg,$hadchanges);
+    if (ref($response)) {
+        my $now = time;
+        my $lonca = $perlvar{'lonCertificateDirectory'}.'/'.$perlvar{'lonnetCertificateAuthority'};
+        my $tmpcrl = $tmpdir.'/'.$perlvar{'lonnetCertRevocationList'}.'_'.$now.'.'.$$.'.tmp';
+        if (open(my $fh,'>',"$tmpcrl")) {
+            print $fh $response->content;
+            close($fh);
+            if (-e $lonca) {
+                if (open(PIPE,"openssl crl -in $tmpcrl -inform pem -CAfile $lonca -noout 2>&1 |")) {
+                    my $check = <PIPE>;
+                    close(PIPE);
+                    chomp($check);
+                    if ($check eq 'verify OK') {
+                        my $dest = "$perlvar{'lonCertificateDirectory'}/$perlvar{'lonnetCertRevocationList'}";
+                        my $backup;
+                        if (-e $dest) {
+                            if (&File::Copy::move($dest,"$dest.bak")) {
+                                $backup = 'ok';
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (&File::Copy::move($tmpcrl,$dest)) {
+                            $msg = 'ok';
+                            if ($backup) {
+                                my (%oldnums,%newnums);
+                                if (open(PIPE, "openssl crl -inform PEM -text -noout -in $dest.bak |grep 'Serial Number' |")) {
+                                    while (<PIPE>) {
+                                        $oldnums{(split(/:/))[1]} = 1;
+                                    }
+                                    close(PIPE);
+                                }
+                                if (open(PIPE, "openssl crl -inform PEM -text -noout -in $dest |grep 'Serial Number' |")) {
+                                    while(<PIPE>) {
+                                        $newnums{(split(/:/))[1]} = 1;
+                                    }
+                                    close(PIPE);
+                                }
+                                foreach my $key (sort {$b <=> $a } (keys(%newnums))) {
+                                    unless (exists($oldnums{$key})) {
+                                        $hadchanges = 1;
+                                        last;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                unless ($hadchanges) {
+                                    foreach my $key (sort {$b <=> $a } (keys(%oldnums))) {
+                                        unless (exists($newnums{$key})) {
+                                            $hadchanges = 1;
+                                            last;
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        unlink($tmpcrl);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    unlink($tmpcrl);
+                }
+            } else {
+                unlink($tmpcrl);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($msg,$hadchanges);
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Read domain file
 {
     my $loaded;
@@ -12036,10 +13928,10 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
     }
 
     sub load_domain_tab {
-	my ($ignore_cache) = @_;
-	&get_dns('/adm/dns/domain',\&parse_domain_tab,$ignore_cache);
+	my ($ignore_cache,$nocache) = @_;
+	&get_dns('/adm/dns/domain',\&parse_domain_tab,$ignore_cache,$nocache);
 	my $fh;
-	if (open($fh,"<".$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/domain.tab')) {
+	if (open($fh,"<",$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/domain.tab')) {
 	    my @lines = <$fh>;
 	    &parse_domain_tab(\@lines);
 	}
@@ -12091,8 +13983,23 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
 	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$protocol,$intdom)=split(/:/,$configline);
 	    $name=~s/\s//g;
 	    if ($id && $domain && $role && $name) {
+                if ((exists($hostname{$id})) && ($hostname{$id} ne '')) {
+                    my $curr = $hostname{$id};
+                    my $skip;
+                    if (ref($name_to_host{$curr}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                        if (($curr eq $name) && (@{$name_to_host{$curr}} == 1)) {
+                            $skip = 1;
+                        } else {
+                            @{$name_to_host{$curr}} = grep { $_ ne $id } @{$name_to_host{$curr}};
+                        }
+                    }
+                    unless ($skip) {
+                        push(@{$name_to_host{$name}},$id);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    push(@{$name_to_host{$name}},$id);
+                }
 		$hostname{$id}=$name;
-		push(@{$name_to_host{$name}}, $id);
 		$hostdom{$id}=$domain;
 		if ($role eq 'library') { $libserv{$id}=$name; }
                 if (defined($protocol)) {
@@ -12115,6 +14022,7 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
 	&purge_remembered();
 	&reset_domain_info();
 	&reset_hosts_ip_info();
+        undef(%internetdom);
 	undef(%name_to_host);
 	undef(%hostname);
 	undef(%hostdom);
@@ -12123,9 +14031,9 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
     }
 
     sub load_hosts_tab {
-	my ($ignore_cache) = @_;
-	&get_dns('/adm/dns/hosts',\&parse_hosts_tab,$ignore_cache);
-	open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab");
+	my ($ignore_cache,$nocache) = @_;
+	&get_dns('/adm/dns/hosts',\&parse_hosts_tab,$ignore_cache,$nocache);
+	open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab");
 	my @config = <$config>;
 	&parse_hosts_tab(\@config);
 	close($config);
@@ -12146,7 +14054,8 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
     }
 
     sub all_names {
-	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+        my ($ignore_cache,$nocache) = @_;
+	&load_hosts_tab($ignore_cache,$nocache) if (!$loaded);
 
 	return %name_to_host;
     }
@@ -12156,6 +14065,11 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
         return %hostdom;
     }
 
+    sub all_host_intdom {
+        &load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+        return %internetdom;
+    }
+
     sub is_library {
 	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
 
@@ -12268,7 +14182,7 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
     }
     
     sub get_iphost {
-	my ($ignore_cache) = @_;
+	my ($ignore_cache,$nocache) = @_;
 
 	if (!$ignore_cache) {
 	    if (%iphost) {
@@ -12292,7 +14206,7 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
 	    %old_name_to_ip = %{$ip_info->[1]};
 	}
 
-	my %name_to_host = &all_names();
+	my %name_to_host = &all_names($ignore_cache,$nocache);
 	foreach my $name (keys(%name_to_host)) {
 	    my $ip;
 	    if (!exists($name_to_ip{$name})) {
@@ -12317,9 +14231,11 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
 	    }
 	    push(@{$iphost{$ip}},@{$name_to_host{$name}});
 	}
-	&do_cache_new('iphost','iphost',
-		      [\%iphost,\%name_to_ip,\%lonid_to_ip],
-		      48*60*60);
+        unless ($nocache) {
+	    &do_cache_new('iphost','iphost',
+		          [\%iphost,\%name_to_ip,\%lonid_to_ip],
+		          48*60*60);
+        }
 
 	return %iphost;
     }
@@ -12384,11 +14300,11 @@ sub all_loncaparevs {
     return qw(1.1 1.2 1.3 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11);
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------- Read loncaparev table
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read loncaparev table
 {
-    sub load_loncaparevs {
+    sub load_loncaparevs { 
         if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab") {
-            if (open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab")) {
+            if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab")) {
                 while (my $configline=<$config>) {
                     chomp($configline);
                     my ($hostid,$loncaparev)=split(/:/,$configline);
@@ -12400,11 +14316,11 @@ sub all_loncaparevs {
     }
 }
 
-# ----------------------------------------------------- Read serverhostID table
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read serverhostID table
 {
     sub load_serverhomeIDs {
         if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab") {
-            if (open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab")) {
+            if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab")) {
                 while (my $configline=<$config>) {
                     chomp($configline);
                     my ($name,$id)=split(/:/,$configline);
@@ -12429,7 +14345,7 @@ BEGIN {
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------ Read spare server file
 {
-    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/spare.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/spare.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
        chomp($configline);
@@ -12443,7 +14359,7 @@ BEGIN {
 }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Read permissions
 {
-    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/roles.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/roles.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
 	chomp($configline);
@@ -12457,7 +14373,7 @@ BEGIN {
 
 # -------------------------------------------- Read plain texts for permissions
 {
-    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/rolesplain.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/rolesplain.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
 	chomp($configline);
@@ -12477,7 +14393,7 @@ BEGIN {
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Read package table
 {
-    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/packages.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/packages.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
 	if ($configline !~ /\S/ || $configline=~/^#/) { next; }
@@ -12492,11 +14408,11 @@ BEGIN {
     close($config);
 }
 
-# --------------------------------------------------------- Read loncaparev table
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read loncaparev table
 
 &load_loncaparevs();
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------- Read serverhostID table
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read serverhostID table
 
 &load_serverhomeIDs();
 
@@ -12510,7 +14426,15 @@ BEGIN {
                 my $item = $token->[1];
                 my $name = $token->[2]{'name'};
                 my $value = $token->[2]{'value'};
-                if ($item ne '' && $name ne '' && $value ne '') {
+                my $valuematch = $token->[2]{'valuematch'};
+                my $namematch = $token->[2]{'namematch'};
+                if ($item eq 'parameter') {
+                    if (($namematch ne '') || (($name ne '') && ($value ne '' || $valuematch ne ''))) {
+                        my $release = $parser->get_text();
+                        $release =~ s/(^\s*|\s*$ )//gx;
+                        $needsrelease{$item.':'.$name.':'.$value.':'.$valuematch.':'.$namematch} = $release;
+                    }
+                } elsif ($item ne '' && $name ne '') {
                     my $release = $parser->get_text();
                     $release =~ s/(^\s*|\s*$ )//gx;
                     $needsrelease{$item.':'.$name.':'.$value} = $release;
@@ -12523,7 +14447,7 @@ BEGIN {
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Read managers table
 {
     if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/managers.tab") {
-        if (open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/managers.tab")) {
+        if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/managers.tab")) {
             while (my $configline=<$config>) {
                 chomp($configline);
                 next if ($configline =~ /^\#/);
@@ -12783,10 +14707,12 @@ the answer, and also caches if there is
 
 =item *
 X<idget()>
-B<idget($udom,@ids)>: find the usernames behind a list of IDs
-(IDs are a unique resource in a domain, there must be only 1 ID per
-username, and only 1 username per ID in a specific domain) (returns
-hash: id=>name,id=>name)
+B<idget($udom,$idsref,$namespace)>: find the usernames behind either 
+a list of student/employee IDs or clicker IDs
+(student/employee IDs are a unique resource in a domain, there must be 
+only 1 ID per username, and only 1 username per ID in a specific domain).
+clickerIDs are not necessarily unique, as students might share clickers.
+(returns hash: id=>name,id=>name)
 
 =item *
 X<idrget()>
@@ -12795,7 +14721,27 @@ usernames (returns hash: name=>id,name=>
 
 =item *
 X<idput()>
-B<idput($udom,%ids)>: store away a list of names and associated IDs
+B<idput($udom,$idsref,$uhome,$namespace)>: store away a list of 
+names and associated student/employee IDs or clicker IDs.
+
+=item *
+X<iddel()>
+B<iddel($udom,$idshashref,$uhome,$namespace)>: delete unwanted 
+student/employee ID or clicker ID username look-ups from domain.
+The homeserver ($uhome) and namespace ($namespace) are optional.
+If no $uhome is provided, it will be determined usig &homeserver()
+for each user.  If no $namespace is provided, the default is ids.
+
+=item *
+X<updateclickers()>
+B<updateclickers($udom,$action,$idshashref,$uhome,$critical)>: update 
+clicker ID-to-username look-ups in clickers.db on library server.
+Permitted actions are add or del (i.e., add or delete). The 
+clickers.db contains clickerID as keys (escaped), and each corresponding
+value is an escaped comma-separated list of usernames (for whom the
+library server is the homeserver), who registered that particular ID.
+If $critical is true, the update will be sent via &critical, otherwise
+&reply() will be used.
 
 =item *
 X<rolesinit()>
@@ -12836,13 +14782,29 @@ escaped strings of the action recorded i
 
 =item *
 
-allowed($priv,$uri,$symb,$role) : check for a user privilege; returns codes for allowed actions
+allowed($priv,$uri,$symb,$role,$clientip,$noblockcheck) : check for a user privilege; 
+returns codes for allowed actions.
+
+The first argument is required, all others are optional.
+
+$priv is the privilege being checked.
+$uri contains additional information about what is being checked for access (e.g.,
+URL, course ID etc.). 
+$symb is the unique resource instance identifier in a course; if needed,
+but not provided, it will be retrieved via a call to &symbread(). 
+$role is the role for which a priv is being checked (only used if priv is evb). 
+$clientip is the user's IP address (only used when checking for access to portfolio 
+files).
+$noblockcheck, if true, skips calls to &has_comm_blocking() for the bre priv. This 
+prevents recursive calls to &allowed.
+
  F: full access
  U,I,K: authentication modes (cxx only)
  '': forbidden
  1: user needs to choose course
  2: browse allowed
  A: passphrase authentication needed
+ B: access temporarily blocked because of a blocking event in a course.
 
 =item *
 
@@ -12861,9 +14823,10 @@ in which case the null string is returne
 
 =item *
 
-definerole($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole) : define role; define a custom
-role rolename set privileges in format of lonTabs/roles.tab for system, domain,
-and course level
+definerole($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole,$uname,$udom) : define role;
+define a custom role rolename set privileges in format of lonTabs/roles.tab
+for system, domain, and course level. $uname and $udom are optional (current
+user's username and domain will be used when either of $uname or $udom are absent.
 
 =item *
 
@@ -12894,9 +14857,9 @@ provided for types, will default to retu
 =item *
 
 in_course($udom,$uname,$cdom,$cnum,$type,$hideprivileged) : determine if
-user: $uname:$udom has a role in the course: $cdom_$cnum.
+user: $uname:$udom has a role in the course: $cdom_$cnum. 
 
-Additional optional arguments are: $type (if role checking is to be restricted
+Additional optional arguments are: $type (if role checking is to be restricted 
 to certain user status types -- previous (expired roles), active (currently
 available roles) or future (roles available in the future), and
 $hideprivileged -- if true will not report course roles for users who
@@ -13067,6 +15030,8 @@ Inputs:
 
 =item $credits, number of credits student will earn from this class
 
+=item $instsec, institutional course section code for student
+
 =back
 
 
@@ -13133,7 +15098,7 @@ values that are the resource value.  I b
 versions are also returned.
 
 get_numsuppfiles($cnum,$cdom) : retrieve number of files in a course's
-supplemental content area. This routine caches the number of files for
+supplemental content area. This routine caches the number of files for 
 10 minutes.
 
 =back
@@ -13221,12 +15186,18 @@ condval($condidx) : value of condition i
 
 =item *
 
-metadata($uri,$what,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount) : request a
+metadata($uri,$what,$toolsymb,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount) : request a
 resource's metadata, $what should be either a specific key, or either
 'keys' (to get a list of possible keys) or 'packages' to get a list of
-packages that this resource currently uses, the last 3 arguments are only used internally for recursive metadata.
+packages that this resource currently uses, the last 3 arguments are 
+only used internally for recursive metadata.
+
+the toolsymb is only used where the uri is for an external tool (for which
+the uri as well as the symb are guaranteed to be unique).
 
-this function automatically caches all requests
+this function automatically caches all requests except any made recursively
+to retrieve a list of metadata keys for an imported library file ($liburi is 
+defined).
 
 =item *
 
@@ -13236,7 +15207,20 @@ will be stored for query
 
 =item *
 
-symbread($filename) : return symbolic list entry (filename argument optional);
+symbread($filename,$donotrecurse,$ignorecachednull,$checkforblock,$possibles) : 
+return symbolic list entry (all arguments optional). 
+
+Args: filename is the filename (including path) for the file for which a symb 
+is required; donotrecurse, if true will prevent calls to allowed() being made 
+to check access status if more than one resource was found in the bighash 
+(see rev. 1.249) to avoid an infinite loop if an ambiguous resource is part of 
+a randompick); ignorecachednull, if true will prevent a symb of '' being 
+returned if $env{$cache_str} is defined as ''; checkforblock if true will
+cause possible symbs to be checked to determine if they are subject to content
+blocking, if so they will not be included as possible symbs; possibles is a
+ref to a hash, which, as a side effect, will be populated with all possible 
+symbs (content blocking not tested).
+ 
 returns the data handle
 
 =item *
@@ -13246,9 +15230,9 @@ and is a possible symb for the URL in $t
 resource that the user accessed using /enc/ returns a 1 on success, 0
 on failure, user must be in a course, as it assumes the existence of
 the course initial hash, and uses $env('request.course.id'}.  The third
-arg is an optional reference to a scalar.  If this arg is passed in the
+arg is an optional reference to a scalar.  If this arg is passed in the 
 call to symbverify, it will be set to 1 if the symb has been set to be 
-encrypted; otherwise it will be null.
+encrypted; otherwise it will be null.  
 
 =item *
 
@@ -13301,13 +15285,13 @@ expirespread($uname,$udom,$stype,$usymb)
 devalidate($symb) : devalidate temporary spreadsheet calculations,
 forcing spreadsheet to reevaluate the resource scores next time.
 
-=item *
+=item * 
 
 can_edit_resource($file,$cnum,$cdom,$resurl,$symb,$group) : determine if current user can edit a particular resource,
 when viewing in course context.
 
  input: six args -- filename (decluttered), course number, course domain,
-                    url, symb (if registered) and group (if this is a
+                    url, symb (if registered) and group (if this is a 
                     group item -- e.g., bulletin board, group page etc.).
 
  output: array of five scalars --
@@ -13315,15 +15299,15 @@ when viewing in course context.
          $home -- homeserver of resource (i.e., for author if published,
                                           or course if uploaded.).
          $switchserver --  1 if server switch will be needed.
-         $forceedit -- 1 if icon/link should be to go to edit mode
+         $forceedit -- 1 if icon/link should be to go to edit mode 
          $forceview -- 1 if icon/link should be to go to view mode
 
 =item *
 
 is_course_upload($file,$cnum,$cdom)
 
-Used in course context to determine if current file was uploaded to
-the course (i.e., would be found in /userfiles/docs on the course's
+Used in course context to determine if current file was uploaded to 
+the course (i.e., would be found in /userfiles/docs on the course's 
 homeserver.
 
   input: 3 args -- filename (decluttered), course number and course domain.
@@ -13337,20 +15321,20 @@ homeserver.
 
 =item *
 
-store($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname,$laststore) : stores hash 
+store($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname,$laststore) : stores hash
 permanently for this url; hashref needs to be given and should be a \%hashname;
 the remaining args aren't required and if they aren't passed or are '' they will
-be derived from the env (with the exception of $laststore, which is an
+be derived from the env (with the exception of $laststore, which is an 
 optional arg used when a user's submission is stored in grading).
 $laststore is $version=$timestamp, where $version is the most recent version
 number retrieved for the corresponding $symb in the $namespace db file, and
 $timestamp is the timestamp for that transaction (UNIX time).
-$laststore is currently only passed when cstore() is called by
+$laststore is currently only passed when cstore() is called by 
 structuretags::finalize_storage().
 
 =item *
 
-cstore($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname,$laststore) : same as store 
+cstore($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname,$laststore) : same as store
 but uses critical subroutine
 
 =item *
@@ -13488,7 +15472,7 @@ server ($udom and $uhome are optional)
 
 =item * 
 
-get_domain_defaults($target_domain,$ignore_cache) : returns hash with defaults
+get_domain_defaults($target_domain,$ignore_cache) : returns hash with defaults 
 for: authentication, language, quotas, timezone, date locale, and portal URL in
 the target domain.
 
@@ -13522,7 +15506,7 @@ requestcourses: ability to request cours
 =over
 
 =item
-official, unofficial, community, textbook
+official, unofficial, community, textbook, placement
 
 =back
 
@@ -13543,7 +15527,8 @@ for course's uploaded content.
 =over
 
 =item
-canuse_pdfforms, officialcredits, unofficialcredits, textbookcredits, officialquota, unofficialquota, communityquota, textbookquota
+canuse_pdfforms, officialcredits, unofficialcredits, textbookcredits, officialquota, unofficialquota, 
+communityquota, textbookquota, placementquota
 
 =back
 
@@ -13553,7 +15538,7 @@ on your servers.
 
 =over
 
-=item
+=item 
 remotesessions, hostedsessions
 
 =back
@@ -13561,10 +15546,10 @@ remotesessions, hostedsessions
 =back
 
 In cases where a domain coordinator has never used the "Set Domain Configuration"
-utility to create a configuration.db file on a domain's primary library server
+utility to create a configuration.db file on a domain's primary library server 
 only the following domain defaults: auth_def, auth_arg_def, lang_def
 -- corresponding values are authentication type (internal, krb4, krb5,
-or localauth), initial password or a kerberos realm, language (e.g., en-us) --
+or localauth), initial password or a kerberos realm, language (e.g., en-us) -- 
 will be available. Values are retrieved from cache (if current), unless the
 optional $ignore_cache arg is true, or from domain's configuration.db (if available),
 or lastly from values in lonTabs/dns_domain,tab, or lonTabs/domain.tab.
@@ -13992,8 +15977,8 @@ Returns:
 
 get_timebased_id():
 
-Attempts to get a unique timestamp-based suffix for use with items added to a
-course via the Course Editor (e.g., folders, composite pages,
+Attempts to get a unique timestamp-based suffix for use with items added to a 
+course via the Course Editor (e.g., folders, composite pages, 
 group bulletin boards).
 
 Args: (first three required; six others optional)
@@ -14004,24 +15989,24 @@ Args: (first three required; six others
 2. keyid (alphanumeric): name of temporary locking key in hash,
    e.g., num, boardids
 
-3. namespace: name of gdbm file used to store suffixes already assigned;
+3. namespace: name of gdbm file used to store suffixes already assigned;  
    file will be named nohist_namespace.db
 
 4. cdom: domain of course; default is current course domain from %env
 
 5. cnum: course number; default is current course number from %env
 
-6. idtype: set to concat if an additional digit is to be appended to the
+6. idtype: set to concat if an additional digit is to be appended to the 
    unix timestamp to form the suffix, if the plain timestamp is already
-   in use.  Default is to not do this, but simply increment the unix
+   in use.  Default is to not do this, but simply increment the unix 
    timestamp by 1 until a unique key is obtained.
 
 7. who: holder of locking key; defaults to user:domain for user.
 
-8. locktries: number of attempts to obtain a lock (sleep of 1s before
+8. locktries: number of attempts to obtain a lock (sleep of 1s before 
    retrying); default is 3.
 
-9. maxtries: number of attempts to obtain a unique suffix; default is 20.
+9. maxtries: number of attempts to obtain a unique suffix; default is 20.  
 
 Returns: