--- loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2016/09/21 04:43:38	1.1321
+++ loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2020/10/20 01:38:12	1.1430
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network
 # TCP networking package
 #
-# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.1321 2016/09/21 04:43:38 raeburn Exp $
+# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.1430 2020/10/20 01:38:12 raeburn Exp $
 #
 # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
 #
@@ -71,16 +71,15 @@ delayed.
 package Apache::lonnet;
 
 use strict;
-use LWP::UserAgent();
 use HTTP::Date;
 use Image::Magick;
-
+use CGI::Cookie;
 
 use Encode;
 
-use vars qw(%perlvar %spareid %pr %prp $memcache %packagetab $tmpdir
+use vars qw(%perlvar %spareid %pr %prp $memcache %packagetab $tmpdir $deftex
             $_64bit %env %protocol %loncaparevs %serverhomeIDs %needsrelease
-            %managerstab);
+            %managerstab $passwdmin);
 
 my (%badServerCache, $memcache, %courselogs, %accesshash, %domainrolehash,
     %userrolehash, $processmarker, $dumpcount, %coursedombuf,
@@ -101,6 +100,8 @@ use LONCAPA qw(:DEFAULT :match);
 use LONCAPA::Configuration;
 use LONCAPA::lonmetadata;
 use LONCAPA::Lond;
+use LONCAPA::LWPReq;
+use LONCAPA::transliterate;
 
 use File::Copy;
 
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ our @EXPORT = qw(%env);
 sub logtouch {
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     unless (-e "$execdir/logs/lonnet.log") {	
-	open(my $fh,">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.log");
+	open(my $fh,">>","$execdir/logs/lonnet.log");
 	close $fh;
     }
     my ($wwwuid,$wwwgid)=(getpwnam('www'))[2,3];
@@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ sub logthis {
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     my $now=time;
     my $local=localtime($now);
-    if (open(my $fh,">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.log")) {
+    if (open(my $fh,">>","$execdir/logs/lonnet.log")) {
 	my $logstring = $local. " ($$): ".$message."\n"; # Keep any \'s in string.
 	print $fh $logstring;
 	close($fh);
@@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ sub logperm {
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     my $now=time;
     my $local=localtime($now);
-    if (open(my $fh,">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.perm.log")) {
+    if (open(my $fh,">>","$execdir/logs/lonnet.perm.log")) {
 	print $fh "$now:$message:$local\n";
 	close($fh);
     }
@@ -184,7 +185,7 @@ sub create_connection {
 				     Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
 				     Timeout => 10);
     return 0 if (!$client);
-    print $client (join(':',$hostname,$lonid,&machine_ids($hostname))."\n");
+    print $client (join(':',$hostname,$lonid,&machine_ids($hostname),$loncaparevs{$lonid})."\n");
     my $result = <$client>;
     chomp($result);
     return 1 if ($result eq 'done');
@@ -230,30 +231,38 @@ sub get_server_distarch {
 }
 
 sub get_servercerts_info {
-    my ($lonhost,$context) = @_;
+    my ($lonhost,$hostname,$context) = @_;
+    return if ($lonhost eq '');
+    if ($hostname eq '') {
+        $hostname = &hostname($lonhost);
+    }
+    return if ($hostname eq '');
     my ($rep,$uselocal);
-    if (grep { $_ eq $lonhost } &current_machine_ids()) {
+    if ($context eq 'install') {
+        $uselocal = 1;
+    } elsif (grep { $_ eq $lonhost } &current_machine_ids()) {
         $uselocal = 1;
     }
-    if (($context ne 'cgi') && ($uselocal)) {
+    if (($context ne 'cgi') && ($context ne 'install') && ($uselocal)) {
         my $distro = (split(/\:/,&get_server_distarch($lonhost)))[0];
-        if ($distro =~ /^(?:centos|redhat|scientific)(\d+)$/) {
+        if ($distro eq '') {
+            $uselocal = 0;
+        } elsif ($distro =~ /^(?:centos|redhat|scientific)(\d+)$/) {
             if ($1 < 6) {
                 $uselocal = 0;
             }
+        }  elsif ($distro =~ /^(?:sles)(\d+)$/) {
+            if ($1 < 12) {
+                $uselocal = 0;
+            }
         }
     }
     if ($uselocal) {
-        $rep = LONCAPA::Lond::server_certs(\%perlvar);
+        $rep = LONCAPA::Lond::server_certs(\%perlvar,$lonhost,$hostname);
     } else {
         $rep=&reply('servercerts',$lonhost);
     }
     my ($result,%returnhash);
-    if (defined($lonhost)) {
-        if (!defined(&hostname($lonhost))) {
-            return;
-        }
-    }
     if (($rep=~/^(refused|rejected|error)/) || ($rep eq 'con_lost') ||
         ($rep eq 'unknown_cmd')) {
         $result = $rep;
@@ -303,13 +312,12 @@ sub get_server_loncaparev {
             $answer = &reply('serverloncaparev',$lonhost);
             if (($answer eq 'unknown_cmd') || ($answer eq 'con_lost')) {
                 if ($caller eq 'loncron') {
-                    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
-                    $ua->timeout(4);
+                    my $hostname = &hostname($lonhost);
                     my $protocol = $protocol{$lonhost};
                     $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
-                    my $url = $protocol.'://'.&hostname($lonhost).'/adm/about.html';
+                    my $url = $protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/adm/about.html';
                     my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$url);
-                    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+                    my $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($lonhost,$request,'',\%perlvar,4,1);
                     unless ($response->is_error()) {
                         my $content = $response->content;
                         if ($content =~ /<p>VERSION\:\s*([\w.\-]+)<\/p>/) {
@@ -452,8 +460,26 @@ sub reply {
     unless (defined(&hostname($server))) { return 'no_such_host'; }
     my $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
     if (($answer=~/^refused/) || ($answer=~/^rejected/)) {
-       &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
-                " $cmd to $server returned $answer</font>");
+        my $logged = $cmd;
+        if ($cmd =~ /^encrypt:([^:]+):/) {
+            my $subcmd = $1;
+            if (($subcmd eq 'auth') || ($subcmd eq 'passwd') ||
+                ($subcmd eq 'changeuserauth') || ($subcmd eq 'makeuser') ||
+                ($subcmd eq 'putdom') || ($subcmd eq 'autoexportgrades')) {
+                (undef,undef,my @rest) = split(/:/,$cmd);
+                if (($subcmd eq 'auth') || ($subcmd eq 'putdom')) {
+                    splice(@rest,2,1,'Hidden');
+                } elsif ($subcmd eq 'passwd') {
+                    splice(@rest,2,2,('Hidden','Hidden'));
+                } elsif (($subcmd eq 'changeuserauth') || ($subcmd eq 'makeuser') ||
+                         ($subcmd eq 'autoexportgrades')) {
+                    splice(@rest,3,1,'Hidden');
+                }
+                $logged = join(':',('encrypt:'.$subcmd,@rest));
+            }
+        }
+        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
+                 " $logged to $server returned $answer</font>");
     }
     return $answer;
 }
@@ -481,7 +507,7 @@ sub reconlonc {
 
     &logthis("Trying to reconnect lonc");
     my $loncfile="$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/logs/lonc.pid";
-    if (open(my $fh,"<$loncfile")) {
+    if (open(my $fh,"<",$loncfile)) {
 	my $loncpid=<$fh>;
         chomp($loncpid);
         if (kill 0 => $loncpid) {
@@ -521,7 +547,7 @@ sub critical {
             $dumpcount++;
             {
 		my $dfh;
-		if (open($dfh,">$dfilename")) {
+		if (open($dfh,">",$dfilename)) {
 		    print $dfh "$cmd\n"; 
 		    close($dfh);
 		}
@@ -530,7 +556,7 @@ sub critical {
             my $wcmd='';
             {
 		my $dfh;
-		if (open($dfh,"<$dfilename")) {
+		if (open($dfh,"<",$dfilename)) {
 		    $wcmd=<$dfh>; 
 		    close($dfh);
 		}
@@ -646,22 +672,52 @@ sub transfer_profile_to_env {
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------- Check for valid session 
 sub check_for_valid_session {
-    my ($r,$name,$userhashref) = @_;
+    my ($r,$name,$userhashref,$domref) = @_;
     my %cookies=CGI::Cookie->parse($r->header_in('Cookie'));
-    if ($name eq '') {
-        $name = 'lonID';
-    }
-    my $lonid=$cookies{$name};
-    return undef if (!$lonid);
-
-    my $handle=&LONCAPA::clean_handle($lonid->value);
-    my $lonidsdir;
+    my ($lonidsdir,$linkname,$pubname,$secure,$lonid);
     if ($name eq 'lonDAV') {
         $lonidsdir=$r->dir_config('lonDAVsessDir');
     } else {
         $lonidsdir=$r->dir_config('lonIDsDir');
+        if ($name eq '') {
+            $name = 'lonID';
+        }
+    }
+    if ($name eq 'lonID') {
+        $secure = 'lonSID';
+        $linkname = 'lonLinkID';
+        $pubname = 'lonPubID';
+        if (exists($cookies{$secure})) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$secure};
+        } elsif (exists($cookies{$name})) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$name};
+        } elsif ((exists($cookies{$linkname})) && ($ENV{'SERVER_PORT'} != 443)) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$linkname};
+        } elsif (exists($cookies{$pubname})) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$pubname};
+        }
+    } else {
+        $lonid=$cookies{$name};
+    }
+    return undef if (!$lonid);
+
+    my $handle=&LONCAPA::clean_handle($lonid->value);
+    if (-l "$lonidsdir/$handle.id") {
+        my $link = readlink("$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
+        if ((-e $link) && ($link =~ m{^\Q$lonidsdir\E/(.+)\.id$})) {
+            $handle = $1;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!-e "$lonidsdir/$handle.id") {
+        if ((ref($domref)) && ($name eq 'lonID') && 
+            ($handle =~ /^($match_username)\_\d+\_($match_domain)\_(.+)$/)) {
+            my ($possuname,$possudom,$possuhome) = ($1,$2,$3);
+            if ((&domain($possudom) ne '') && (&homeserver($possuname,$possudom) eq $possuhome)) {
+                $$domref = $possudom;
+            }
+        }
+        return undef;
     }
-    return undef if (!-e "$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
 
     my $opened = open(my $idf,'+<',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
     return undef if (!$opened);
@@ -675,13 +731,20 @@ sub check_for_valid_session {
 
     if (!defined($disk_env{'user.name'})
 	|| !defined($disk_env{'user.domain'})) {
+        untie(%disk_env);
 	return undef;
     }
 
     if (ref($userhashref) eq 'HASH') {
         $userhashref->{'name'} = $disk_env{'user.name'};
         $userhashref->{'domain'} = $disk_env{'user.domain'};
+        $userhashref->{'lti'} = $disk_env{'request.lti.login'};
+        if ($userhashref->{'lti'}) {
+            $userhashref->{'ltitarget'} = $disk_env{'request.lti.target'};
+            $userhashref->{'ltiuri'} = $disk_env{'request.lti.uri'};
+        }
     }
+    untie(%disk_env);
 
     return $handle;
 }
@@ -706,6 +769,37 @@ sub timed_flock {
     }
 }
 
+sub get_sessionfile_vars {
+    my ($handle,$lonidsdir,$storearr) = @_;
+    my %returnhash;
+    unless (ref($storearr) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        return %returnhash;
+    }
+    if (-l "$lonidsdir/$handle.id") {
+        my $link = readlink("$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
+        if ((-e $link) && ($link =~ m{^\Q$lonidsdir\E/(.+)\.id$})) {
+            $handle = $1;
+        }
+    }
+    if ((-e "$lonidsdir/$handle.id") &&
+        ($handle =~ /^($match_username)\_\d+\_($match_domain)\_(.+)$/)) {
+        my ($possuname,$possudom,$possuhome) = ($1,$2,$3);
+        if ((&domain($possudom) ne '') && (&homeserver($possuname,$possudom) eq $possuhome)) {
+            if (open(my $idf,'+<',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id")) {
+                flock($idf,LOCK_SH);
+                if (tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id",
+                        &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+                    foreach my $item (@{$storearr}) {
+                        $returnhash{$item} = $disk_env{$item};
+                    }
+                    untie(%disk_env);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Append Environment
 
 sub appenv {
@@ -731,16 +825,19 @@ sub appenv {
                 $env{$key}=$newenv->{$key};
             }
         }
-        my $opened = open(my $env_file,'+<',$env{'user.environment'});
-        if ($opened
-	    && &timed_flock($env_file,LOCK_EX)
-	    &&
-	    tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',$env{'user.environment'},
-	        (&GDBM_WRITER()|&GDBM_NOLOCK()),0640)) {
-	    while (my ($key,$value) = each(%{$newenv})) {
-	        $disk_env{$key} = $value;
-	    }
-	    untie(%disk_env);
+        my $lonids = $perlvar{'lonIDsDir'};
+        if ($env{'user.environment'} =~ m{^\Q$lonids/\E$match_username\_\d+\_$match_domain\_[\w\-.]+\.id$}) {
+            my $opened = open(my $env_file,'+<',$env{'user.environment'});
+            if ($opened
+	        && &timed_flock($env_file,LOCK_EX)
+	        &&
+	        tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',$env{'user.environment'},
+	            (&GDBM_WRITER()|&GDBM_NOLOCK()),0640)) {
+	        while (my ($key,$value) = each(%{$newenv})) {
+	            $disk_env{$key} = $value;
+	        }
+	        untie(%disk_env);
+            }
         }
     }
     return 'ok';
@@ -856,6 +953,7 @@ sub userload {
 	while ($filename=readdir(LONIDS)) {
 	    next if ($filename eq '.' || $filename eq '..');
 	    next if ($filename =~ /publicuser_\d+\.id/);
+            next if ($filename =~ /^[a-f0-9]+_linked\.id$/);
 	    my ($mtime)=(stat($perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.$filename))[9];
 	    if ($curtime-$mtime < 1800) { $numusers++; }
 	}
@@ -911,13 +1009,13 @@ sub spareserver {
     }
 
     if (!$want_server_name) {
-        my $protocol = 'http';
-        if ($protocol{$spare_server} eq 'https') {
-            $protocol = $protocol{$spare_server};
-        }
         if (defined($spare_server)) {
             my $hostname = &hostname($spare_server);
             if (defined($hostname)) {
+                my $protocol = 'http';
+                if ($protocol{$spare_server} eq 'https') {
+                    $protocol = $protocol{$spare_server};
+                }
 	        $spare_server = $protocol.'://'.$hostname;
             }
         }
@@ -984,6 +1082,88 @@ sub find_existing_session {
     return;
 }
 
+sub delusersession {
+    my ($lonid,$udom,$uname) = @_;
+    my $uprimary_id = &domain($udom,'primary');
+    my $uintdom = &internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+    my $intdom = &internet_dom($lonid);
+    my $serverhomedom = &host_domain($lonid);
+    if (($uintdom ne '') && ($uintdom eq $intdom)) {
+        return &reply(join(':','delusersession',
+                            map {&escape($_)} ($udom,$uname)),$lonid);
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+# check if user's browser sent load balancer cookie and server still has session
+# and is not overloaded.
+sub check_for_balancer_cookie {
+    my ($r,$update_mtime) = @_;
+    my ($otherserver,$cookie);
+    my %cookies=CGI::Cookie->parse($r->header_in('Cookie'));
+    if (exists($cookies{'balanceID'})) {
+        my $balid = $cookies{'balanceID'};
+        $cookie=&LONCAPA::clean_handle($balid->value);
+        my $balancedir=$r->dir_config('lonBalanceDir');
+        if ((-d $balancedir) && (-e "$balancedir/$cookie.id")) {
+            if ($cookie =~ /^($match_domain)_($match_username)_[a-f0-9]+$/) {
+                my ($possudom,$possuname) = ($1,$2);
+                my $has_session = 0;
+                if ((&domain($possudom) ne '') &&
+                    (&homeserver($possuname,$possudom) ne 'no_host')) {
+                    my $try_server;
+                    my $opened = open(my $idf,'+<',"$balancedir/$cookie.id");
+                    if ($opened) {
+                        flock($idf,LOCK_SH);
+                        while (my $line = <$idf>) {
+                            chomp($line);
+                            if (&hostname($line) ne '') {
+                                $try_server = $line;
+                                last;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        close($idf);
+                        if (($try_server) &&
+                            (&has_user_session($try_server,$possudom,$possuname))) {
+                            my $lowest_load = 30000;
+                            ($otherserver,$lowest_load) =
+                                &compare_server_load($try_server,undef,$lowest_load);
+                            if ($otherserver ne '' && $lowest_load < 100) {
+                                $has_session = 1;
+                            } else {
+                                undef($otherserver);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if ($has_session) {
+                    if ($update_mtime) {
+                        my $atime = my $mtime = time;
+                        utime($atime,$mtime,"$balancedir/$cookie.id");
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    unlink("$balancedir/$cookie.id");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($otherserver,$cookie);
+}
+
+sub delbalcookie {
+    my ($cookie,$balancer) =@_;
+    if ($cookie =~ /^($match_domain)\_($match_username)\_[a-f0-9]{32}$/) {
+        my ($udom,$uname) = ($1,$2);
+        my $uprimary_id = &domain($udom,'primary');
+        my $uintdom = &internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+        my $intdom = &internet_dom($balancer);
+        my $serverhomedom = &host_domain($balancer);
+        if (($uintdom ne '') && ($uintdom eq $intdom)) {
+            return &reply("delbalcookie:$cookie",$balancer);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 # -------------------------------- ask if server already has a session for user
 sub has_user_session {
     my ($lonid,$udom,$uname) = @_;
@@ -1019,7 +1199,7 @@ sub choose_server {
             if (ref($balancers) eq 'HASH') {
                 next if (exists($balancers->{$lonhost}));
             }
-        }   
+        }
         my $loginvia;
         if ($checkloginvia) {
             $loginvia = $domconfhash{$udom.'.login.loginvia_'.$lonhost};
@@ -1047,7 +1227,29 @@ sub choose_server {
     if ($login_host ne '') {
         $hostname = &hostname($login_host);
     }
-    return ($login_host,$hostname,$portal_path,$isredirect);
+    return ($login_host,$hostname,$portal_path,$isredirect,$lowest_load);
+}
+
+sub get_course_sessions {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$lastactivity) = @_;
+    my %servers = &internet_dom_servers($cdom);
+    my %returnhash;
+    foreach my $server (sort(keys(%servers))) {
+        my $rep = &reply("coursesessions:$cdom:$cnum:$lastactivity",$server);
+        my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+        unless (($rep eq 'unknown_cmd') || ($rep =~ /^error/)) {
+            foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+                $key = &unescape($key);
+                next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+                if (exists($returnhash{$key})) {
+                    next if ($value < $returnhash{$key});
+                }
+                $returnhash{$key}=$value;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------- Try to change a user's password
@@ -1085,6 +1287,9 @@ sub changepass {
     } elsif ($answer =~ "invalid_client") {
         &logthis("$server refused to change $uname in $udom password because ".
                  "it was a reset by e-mail originating from an invalid server.");
+    } elsif ($answer =~ "^prioruse") {
+       &logthis("$server refused to change $uname in $udom password because ".
+                "the password had been used before");
     }
     return $answer;
 }
@@ -1319,9 +1524,9 @@ sub get_lonbalancer_config {
 }
 
 sub check_loadbalancing {
-    my ($uname,$udom) = @_;
+    my ($uname,$udom,$caller) = @_;
     my ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$dom_in_use,$homeintdom,
-        $rule_in_effect,$offloadto,$otherserver);
+        $rule_in_effect,$offloadto,$otherserver,$setcookie,$dom_balancers);
     my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
     my @hosts = &current_machine_ids();
     my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
@@ -1348,7 +1553,7 @@ sub check_loadbalancing {
         }
     }
     if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
-        ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules) = 
+        ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$setcookie,$dom_balancers) =
             &check_balancer_result($result,@hosts);
         if ($is_balancer) {
             if (ref($currrules) eq 'HASH') {
@@ -1409,7 +1614,7 @@ sub check_loadbalancing {
             }
         }
         if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
-            ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules) = 
+            ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$setcookie,$dom_balancers) =
                 &check_balancer_result($result,@hosts);
             if ($is_balancer) {
                 if (ref($currrules) eq 'HASH') {
@@ -1441,7 +1646,7 @@ sub check_loadbalancing {
     if ($domneedscache) {
         &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$domneedscache,$is_balancer,$cachetime);
     }
-    if ($is_balancer) {
+    if (($is_balancer) && ($caller ne 'switchserver')) {
         my $lowest_load = 30000;
         if (ref($offloadto) eq 'HASH') {
             if (ref($offloadto->{'primary'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
@@ -1470,23 +1675,27 @@ sub check_loadbalancing {
                 }
             }
         }
-        if (($otherserver ne '') && (grep(/^\Q$otherserver\E$/,@hosts))) {
-            $is_balancer = 0;
-            if ($uname ne '' && $udom ne '') {
-                if (($env{'user.name'} eq $uname) && ($env{'user.domain'} eq $udom)) {
-                    
-                    &appenv({'user.loadbalexempt'     => $lonhost,  
-                             'user.loadbalcheck.time' => time});
+        unless ($caller eq 'login') {
+            if (($otherserver ne '') && (grep(/^\Q$otherserver\E$/,@hosts))) {
+                $is_balancer = 0;
+                if ($uname ne '' && $udom ne '') {
+                    if (($env{'user.name'} eq $uname) && ($env{'user.domain'} eq $udom)) {
+                        &appenv({'user.loadbalexempt'     => $lonhost,
+                                 'user.loadbalcheck.time' => time});
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
     }
-    return ($is_balancer,$otherserver);
+    if (($is_balancer) && (!$homeintdom)) {
+        undef($setcookie);
+    }
+    return ($is_balancer,$otherserver,$setcookie,$offloadto,$dom_balancers);
 }
 
 sub check_balancer_result {
     my ($result,@hosts) = @_;
-    my ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules);
+    my ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$setcookie,$dom_balancers);
     if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
         if ($result->{'lonhost'} ne '') {
             my $currbalancer = $result->{'lonhost'};
@@ -1495,19 +1704,24 @@ sub check_balancer_result {
                 $currtargets = $result->{'targets'};
                 $currrules = $result->{'rules'};
             }
+            $dom_balancers = $currbalancer;
         } else {
-            foreach my $key (keys(%{$result})) {
-                if (($key ne '') && (grep(/^\Q$key\E$/,@hosts)) &&
-                    (ref($result->{$key}) eq 'HASH')) {
-                    $is_balancer = 1;
-                    $currrules = $result->{$key}{'rules'};
-                    $currtargets = $result->{$key}{'targets'};
-                    last;
+            if (keys(%{$result})) {
+                foreach my $key (keys(%{$result})) {
+                    if (($key ne '') && (grep(/^\Q$key\E$/,@hosts)) &&
+                        (ref($result->{$key}) eq 'HASH')) {
+                        $is_balancer = 1;
+                        $currrules = $result->{$key}{'rules'};
+                        $currtargets = $result->{$key}{'targets'};
+                        $setcookie = $result->{$key}{'cookie'};
+                        last;
+                    }
                 }
+                $dom_balancers = join(',',sort(keys(%{$result})));
             }
         }
     }
-    return ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules);
+    return ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$setcookie,$dom_balancers);
 }
 
 sub get_loadbalancer_targets {
@@ -1579,6 +1793,101 @@ sub internet_dom_servers {
     return %uniqservers;
 }
 
+sub trusted_domains {
+    my ($cmdtype,$calldom) = @_;
+    my ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    if (&domain($calldom) eq '') {
+        return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    }
+    unless ($cmdtype =~ /^(content|shared|enroll|coaurem|othcoau|domroles|catalog|reqcrs|msg)$/) {
+        return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    }
+    my $callprimary = &domain($calldom,'primary');
+    my $intcalldom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($callprimary);
+    if ($intcalldom eq '') {
+        return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    }
+
+    my ($trustconfig,$cached)=&Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('trust',$calldom);
+    unless (defined($cached)) {
+        my %domconfig = &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['trust'],$calldom);
+        &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('trust',$calldom,$domconfig{'trust'},3600);
+        $trustconfig = $domconfig{'trust'};
+    }
+    if (ref($trustconfig)) {
+        my (%possexc,%possinc,@allexc,@allinc); 
+        if (ref($trustconfig->{$cmdtype}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'exc'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                map { $possexc{$_} = 1; } @{$trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'exc'}}; 
+            }
+            if (ref($trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'inc'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                $possinc{$intcalldom} = 1;
+                map { $possinc{$_} = 1; } @{$trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'inc'}};
+            }
+        }
+        if (keys(%possexc)) {
+            if (keys(%possinc)) {
+                foreach my $key (sort(keys(%possexc))) {
+                    next if ($key eq $intcalldom);
+                    unless ($possinc{$key}) {
+                        push(@allexc,$key);
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                @allexc = sort(keys(%possexc));
+            }
+        }
+        if (keys(%possinc)) {
+            $possinc{$intcalldom} = 1;
+            @allinc = sort(keys(%possinc));
+        }
+        if ((@allexc > 0) || (@allinc > 0)) {
+            my %doms_by_intdom;
+            my %allintdoms = &all_host_intdom();
+            my %alldoms = &all_host_domain();
+            foreach my $key (%allintdoms) {
+                if (ref($doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    unless (grep(/^\Q$alldoms{$key}\E$/,@{$doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}}})) {
+                        push(@{$doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}}},$alldoms{$key});
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}} = [$alldoms{$key}]; 
+                }
+            }
+            foreach my $exc (@allexc) {
+                if (ref($doms_by_intdom{$exc}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    push(@{$untrusted},@{$doms_by_intdom{$exc}});
+                }
+            }
+            foreach my $inc (@allinc) {
+                if (ref($doms_by_intdom{$inc}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    push(@{$trusted},@{$doms_by_intdom{$inc}});
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+}
+
+sub will_trust {
+    my ($cmdtype,$domain,$possdom) = @_;
+    return 1 if ($domain eq $possdom);
+    my ($trustedref,$untrustedref) = &trusted_domains($cmdtype,$possdom);
+    my $willtrust; 
+    if ((ref($trustedref) eq 'ARRAY') && (@{$trustedref} > 0)) {
+        if (grep(/^\Q$domain\E$/,@{$trustedref})) {
+            $willtrust = 1;
+        }
+    } elsif ((ref($untrustedref) eq 'ARRAY') && (@{$untrustedref} > 0)) {
+        unless (grep(/^\Q$domain\E$/,@{$untrustedref})) {
+            $willtrust = 1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        $willtrust = 1;
+    }
+    return $willtrust;
+}
+
 # ---------------------- Find the homebase for a user from domain's lib servers
 
 my %homecache;
@@ -1828,7 +2137,12 @@ sub get_dom {
         }
     }
     if ($udom && $uhome && ($uhome ne 'no_host')) {
-        my $rep=&reply("getdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        my $rep;
+        if ($namespace =~ /^enc/) {
+            $rep=&reply("encrypt:egetdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        } else {
+            $rep=&reply("getdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        }
         my %returnhash;
         if ($rep eq '' || $rep =~ /^error: 2 /) {
             return %returnhash;
@@ -1872,7 +2186,11 @@ sub put_dom {
             $items.=&escape($item).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$item}).'&';
         }
         $items=~s/\&$//;
-        return &reply("putdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        if ($namespace =~ /^enc/) {
+            return &reply("encrypt:putdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        } else {
+            return &reply("putdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        }
     } else {
         &logthis("put_dom failed - no homeserver and/or domain");
     }
@@ -1963,13 +2281,23 @@ sub inst_directory_query {
     my $homeserver = &domain($udom,'primary');
     my $outcome;
     if ($homeserver ne '') {
+        unless ($homeserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+            if ($srch->{'srchby'} eq 'email') {
+                my $lcrev = &get_server_loncaparev($udom,$homeserver);
+                my ($major,$minor) = ($lcrev =~ /^\'?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.[\w.\-]+\'?$/);
+                if (($major eq '' && $minor eq '') || ($major < 2) ||
+                    (($major == 2) && ($minor < 12))) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
 	my $queryid=&reply("querysend:instdirsearch:".
 			   &escape($srch->{'srchby'}).':'.
 			   &escape($srch->{'srchterm'}).':'.
 			   &escape($srch->{'srchtype'}),$homeserver);
 	my $host=&hostname($homeserver);
 	if ($queryid !~/^\Q$host\E\_/) {
-	    &logthis('instituional directory search invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$homeserver.'in domain '.$udom);
+	    &logthis('institutional directory search invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$homeserver.' in domain '.$udom);
 	    return;
 	}
 	my $response = &get_query_reply($queryid);
@@ -2004,6 +2332,14 @@ sub usersearch {
     my $query = 'usersearch';
     foreach my $tryserver (keys(%libserv)) {
         if (&host_domain($tryserver) eq $dom) {
+            unless ($tryserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+                if ($srch->{'srchby'} eq 'email') {
+                    my $lcrev = &get_server_loncaparev($dom,$tryserver);
+                    my ($major,$minor) = ($lcrev =~ /^\'?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.[\w.\-]+\'?$/);
+                    next if (($major eq '' && $minor eq '') || ($major < 2) ||
+                             (($major == 2) && ($minor < 12)));
+                }
+            }
             my $host=&hostname($tryserver);
             my $queryid=
                 &reply("querysend:".&escape($query).':'.
@@ -2243,7 +2579,7 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
                                   'coursedefaults','usersessions',
                                   'requestauthor','selfenrollment',
                                   'coursecategories','ssl','autoenroll',
-                                  'trust'],$domain);
+                                  'trust','helpsettings'],$domain);
     my @coursetypes = ('official','unofficial','community','textbook','placement');
     if (ref($domconfig{'defaults'}) eq 'HASH') {
         $domdefaults{'lang_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'lang_def'}; 
@@ -2252,6 +2588,9 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
         $domdefaults{'timezone_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'timezone_def'};
         $domdefaults{'datelocale_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'datelocale_def'};
         $domdefaults{'portal_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'portal_def'};
+        $domdefaults{'intauth_cost'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'intauth_cost'};
+        $domdefaults{'intauth_switch'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'intauth_switch'};
+        $domdefaults{'intauth_check'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'intauth_check'};
     } else {
         $domdefaults{'lang_def'} = &domain($domain,'lang_def');
         $domdefaults{'auth_def'} = &domain($domain,'auth_def');
@@ -2319,6 +2658,9 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
         } elsif ($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'}) {
             $domdefaults{'canclone'}=$domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'};
         }
+        if ($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'texengine'}) {
+            $domdefaults{'texengine'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'texengine'};
+        } 
     }
     if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}) eq 'HASH') {
         if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'remote'}) eq 'HASH') {
@@ -2362,7 +2704,7 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
     if (ref($domconfig{'coursecategories'}) eq 'HASH') {
         $domdefaults{'catauth'} = 'std';
         $domdefaults{'catunauth'} = 'std';
-        if ($domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'auth'}) { 
+        if ($domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'auth'}) {
             $domdefaults{'catauth'} = $domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'auth'};
         }
         if ($domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'unauth'}) {
@@ -2373,8 +2715,11 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
         if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}{'replication'}) eq 'HASH') {
             $domdefaults{'replication'} = $domconfig{'ssl'}{'replication'};
         }
-        if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}{'connect'}) eq 'HASH') {
-            $domdefaults{'connect'} = $domconfig{'ssl'}{'connect'};
+        if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}{'connto'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'connect'} = $domconfig{'ssl'}{'connto'};
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}{'connfrom'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'connect'} = $domconfig{'ssl'}{'connfrom'};
         }
     }
     if (ref($domconfig{'trust'}) eq 'HASH') {
@@ -2388,10 +2733,75 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
     if (ref($domconfig{'autoenroll'}) eq 'HASH') {
         $domdefaults{'autofailsafe'} = $domconfig{'autoenroll'}{'autofailsafe'};
     }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'helpsettings'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $domdefaults{'submitbugs'} = $domconfig{'helpsettings'}{'submitbugs'};
+        if (ref($domconfig{'helpsettings'}{'adhoc'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'adhocroles'} = $domconfig{'helpsettings'}{'adhoc'};
+        }
+    }
     &do_cache_new('domdefaults',$domain,\%domdefaults,$cachetime);
     return %domdefaults;
 }
 
+sub get_dom_cats {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    return unless (&domain($dom));
+    my ($cats,$cached)=&is_cached_new('cats',$dom);
+    unless (defined($cached)) {
+        my %domconfig = &get_dom('configuration',['coursecategories'],$dom);
+        if (ref($domconfig{'coursecategories'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'cats'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                %{$cats} = %{$domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'cats'}};
+            } else {
+                $cats = {};
+            }
+        } else {
+            $cats = {};
+        }
+        &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('cats',$dom,$cats,3600);
+    }
+    return $cats;
+}
+
+sub get_dom_instcats {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    return unless (&domain($dom));
+    my ($instcats,$cached)=&is_cached_new('instcats',$dom);
+    unless (defined($cached)) {
+        my (%coursecodes,%codes,@codetitles,%cat_titles,%cat_order);
+        my $totcodes = &retrieve_instcodes(\%coursecodes,$dom);
+        if ($totcodes > 0) {
+            my $caller = 'global';
+            if (&auto_instcode_format($caller,$dom,\%coursecodes,\%codes,
+                                      \@codetitles,\%cat_titles,\%cat_order) eq 'ok') {
+                $instcats = {
+                                codes => \%codes,
+                                codetitles => \@codetitles,
+                                cat_titles => \%cat_titles,
+                                cat_order => \%cat_order,
+                            };
+                &do_cache_new('instcats',$dom,$instcats,3600);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $instcats;
+}
+
+sub retrieve_instcodes {
+    my ($coursecodes,$dom) = @_;
+    my $totcodes;
+    my %courses = &courseiddump($dom,'.',1,'.','.','.',undef,undef,'Course');
+    foreach my $course (keys(%courses)) {
+        if (ref($courses{$course}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if ($courses{$course}{'inst_code'} ne '') {
+                $$coursecodes{$course} = $courses{$course}{'inst_code'};
+                $totcodes ++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $totcodes;
+}
+
 sub course_portal_url {
     my ($cnum,$cdom) = @_;
     my $chome = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
@@ -2408,6 +2818,29 @@ sub course_portal_url {
     return $firsturl;
 }
 
+# --------------------------------------------- Get domain config for passwords
+
+sub get_passwdconf {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my (%passwdconf,$gotconf,$lookup);
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('passwdconf',$dom);
+    if (defined($cached)) {
+        if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+            %passwdconf = %{$result};
+            $gotconf = 1;
+        }
+    }
+    unless ($gotconf) {
+        my %domconfig = &get_dom('configuration',['passwords'],$dom);
+        if (ref($domconfig{'passwords'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            %passwdconf = %{$domconfig{'passwords'}};
+        }
+        my $cachetime = 24*60*60;
+        &do_cache_new('passwdconf',$dom,\%passwdconf,$cachetime);
+    }
+    return %passwdconf;
+}
+
 # --------------------------------------------------- Assign a key to a student
 
 sub assign_access_key {
@@ -2915,9 +3348,13 @@ sub repcopy {
 		   mkdir($path,0777);
                }
            }
-           my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
            my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$remoteurl");
-           my $response=$ua->request($request,$transname);
+           my $response;
+           if ($remoteurl =~ m{/raw/}) {
+               $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$request,$transname,\%perlvar,'',0,1);
+           } else {
+               $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$request,$transname,\%perlvar,'',1);
+           }
            if ($response->is_error()) {
 	       unlink($transname);
                my $message=$response->status_line;
@@ -2927,7 +3364,12 @@ sub repcopy {
            } else {
 	       if ($remoteurl!~/\.meta$/) {
                   my $mrequest=new HTTP::Request('GET',$remoteurl.'.meta');
-                  my $mresponse=$ua->request($mrequest,$filename.'.meta');
+                  my $mresponse;
+                  if ($remoteurl =~ m{/raw/}) {
+                      $mresponse = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$mrequest,$filename.'.meta',\%perlvar,'',0,1);
+                  } else {
+                      $mresponse = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$mrequest,$filename.'.meta',\%perlvar,'',1);
+                  }
                   if ($mresponse->is_error()) {
 		      unlink($filename.'.meta');
                       &logthis(
@@ -2941,6 +3383,32 @@ sub repcopy {
     }
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------- Unsubscribe from a resource
+
+sub unsubscribe {
+    my ($fname) = @_;
+    my $answer;
+    if ($fname=~/\/(aboutme|syllabus|bulletinboard|smppg)$/) { return $answer; }
+    $fname=~s/[\n\r]//g;
+    my $author=$fname;
+    $author=~s/\/home\/httpd\/html\/res\/([^\/]*)\/([^\/]*).*/$1\/$2/;
+    my ($udom,$uname)=split(/\//,$author);
+    my $home=homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    if ($home eq 'no_host') {
+        $answer = 'no_host';
+    } elsif (grep { $_ eq $home } &current_machine_ids()) {
+        $answer = 'home';
+    } else {
+        my $defdom = $perlvar{'lonDefDomain'};
+        if (&will_trust('content',$defdom,$udom)) {
+            $answer = reply("unsub:$fname",$home);
+        } else {
+            $answer = 'untrusted';
+        }
+    }
+    return $answer;
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------ Get server side include body
 sub ssi_body {
     my ($filelink,%form)=@_;
@@ -2990,7 +3458,6 @@ sub absolute_url {
 sub ssi {
 
     my ($fn,%form)=@_;
-    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
     my $request;
 
     $form{'no_update_last_known'}=1;
@@ -3008,22 +3475,30 @@ sub ssi {
     }
 
     $request->header(Cookie => $ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'});
-    my $response= $ua->request($request);
-    my $content = $response->content;
-
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $islocal;
+    if (($env{'request.course.id'}) &&
+        ($form{'grade_courseid'} eq $env{'request.course.id'}) &&
+        ($form{'grade_username'} ne '') && ($form{'grade_domain'} ne '') &&
+        ($form{'grade_symb'} ne '') &&
+        (&Apache::lonnet::allowed('mgr',$env{'request.course.id'}.
+                                 ($env{'request.course.sec'}?'/'.$env{'request.course.sec'}:'')))) {
+        $islocal = 1;
+    }
+    my $response= &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($lonhost,$request,'',\%perlvar,
+                                                '','','',$islocal);
 
     if (wantarray) {
-	return ($content, $response);
+	return ($response->content, $response);
     } else {
-	return $content;
+	return $response->content;
     }
 }
 
 sub externalssi {
     my ($url)=@_;
-    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
     my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$url);
-    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+    my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest('',$request,'',\%perlvar);
     if (wantarray) {
         return ($response->content, $response);
     } else {
@@ -3031,6 +3506,77 @@ sub externalssi {
     }
 }
 
+
+# If the local copy of a replicated resource is outdated, trigger a  
+# connection from the homeserver to flush the delayed queue. If no update 
+# happens, remove local copies of outdated resource (and corresponding
+# metadata file).
+
+sub remove_stale_resfile {
+    my ($url) = @_;
+    my $removed;
+    if ($url=~m{^/res/($match_domain)/($match_username)/}) {
+        my $audom = $1;
+        my $auname = $2;
+        unless (($url =~ /\.\d+\.\w+$/) || ($url =~ m{^/res/lib/templates/})) {
+            my $homeserver = &homeserver($auname,$audom);
+            unless (($homeserver eq 'no_host') ||
+                    (grep { $_ eq $homeserver } &current_machine_ids())) {
+                my $fname = &filelocation('',$url);
+                if (-e $fname) {
+                    my $hostname = &hostname($homeserver);
+                    if ($hostname) {
+                        my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
+                        $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+                        my $uri = &declutter($url);
+                        my $request=new HTTP::Request('HEAD',$protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/raw/'.$uri);
+                        my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($homeserver,$request,'',\%perlvar,5,0,1);
+                        if ($response->is_success()) {
+                            my $remmodtime = &HTTP::Date::str2time( $response->header('Last-modified') );
+                            my $locmodtime = (stat($fname))[9];
+                            if ($locmodtime < $remmodtime) {
+                                my $stale;
+                                my $answer = &reply('pong',$homeserver);
+                                if ($answer eq $homeserver.':'.$perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+                                    sleep(0.2);
+                                    $locmodtime = (stat($fname))[9];
+                                    if ($locmodtime < $remmodtime) {
+                                        my $posstransfer = $fname.'.in.transfer';
+                                        if ((-e $posstransfer) && ($remmodtime < (stat($posstransfer))[9])) {
+                                            $removed = 1;
+                                        } else {
+                                            $stale = 1;
+                                        }
+                                    } else {
+                                        $removed = 1;
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    $stale = 1;
+                                }
+                                if ($stale) {
+                                    if (unlink($fname)) {
+                                        if ($uri!~/\.meta$/) {
+                                            if (-e $fname.'.meta') {
+                                                unlink($fname.'.meta');
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                        my $unsubresult = &unsubscribe($fname);
+                                        unless ($unsubresult eq 'ok') {
+                                            &logthis("no unsub of $fname from $homeserver, reason: $unsubresult");
+                                        }
+                                        $removed = 1;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $removed;
+}
+
 # -------------------------------- Allow a /uploaded/ URI to be vouched for
 
 sub allowuploaded {
@@ -3169,7 +3715,19 @@ sub can_edit_resource {
                         $forceedit = 1;
                     }
                     $cfile = $resurl;
-                } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/exttools?$}) {
+                } elsif (($resurl =~ m{^/ext/}) && ($symb ne '')) {
+                    my ($map,$id,$res) = &decode_symb($symb);
+                    if ($map =~ /\.page$/) {
+                        $incourse = 1;
+                        if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                            $forceview = 1;
+                            $cfile = $map;
+                        } else {
+                            $forceedit = 1;
+                            $cfile =  '/adm/wrapper'.$resurl;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/ext\.tool$}) {
                     $incourse = 1;
                     if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
                         $forceview = 1;
@@ -3194,14 +3752,14 @@ sub can_edit_resource {
                     $cfile = $template;
                 }
             } elsif (($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/ext/}) && ($env{'form.folderpath'} =~ /^supplemental/)) {
-                    $incourse = 1;
-                    if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
-                        $forceview = 1;
-                    } else {
-                        $forceedit = 1;
-                    }
-                    $cfile = $resurl;
-            } elsif (($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/exttools?$}) && ($env{'form.folderpath'} =~ /^supplemental/)) {
+                $incourse = 1;
+                if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                    $forceview = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $forceedit = 1;
+                }
+                $cfile = $resurl;
+            } elsif (($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/ext\.tool$}) && ($env{'form.folderpath'} =~ /^supplemental/)) {
                 $incourse = 1;
                 if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
                     $forceview = 1;
@@ -3219,7 +3777,7 @@ sub can_edit_resource {
                 } else {
                     $cfile = $env{'form.suppurl'};
                     my $escfile = &unescape($cfile);
-                    if ($escfile =~ m{^/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/exttools?$}) {
+                    if ($escfile =~ m{^/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/ext\.tool$}) {
                         $cfile = '/adm/wrapper'.$escfile;
                     } else {
                         $escfile =~ s{^http://}{};
@@ -3380,7 +3938,7 @@ sub process_coursefile {
                                  $home);
             }
         } elsif ($action eq 'uploaddoc') {
-            open(my $fh,'>'.$filepath.'/'.$fname);
+            open(my $fh,'>',$filepath.'/'.$fname);
             print $fh $env{'form.'.$source};
             close($fh);
             if ($parser eq 'parse') {
@@ -3438,7 +3996,7 @@ sub store_edited_file {
     ($fpath,$fname) = ($file =~ m|^(.*)/([^/]+)$|);
     $fpath=$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$fpath;
     my $filepath = &build_filepath($fpath);
-    open(my $fh,'>'.$filepath.'/'.$fname);
+    open(my $fh,'>',$filepath.'/'.$fname);
     print $fh $content;
     close($fh);
     my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
@@ -3463,6 +4021,9 @@ sub clean_filename {
     }
 # Replace spaces by underscores
     $fname=~s/\s+/\_/g;
+# Transliterate non-ascii text to ascii
+    my $lang = &Apache::lonlocal::current_language();
+    $fname = &LONCAPA::transliterate::fname_to_ascii($fname,$lang);
 # Replace all other weird characters by nothing
     $fname=~s{[^/\w\.\-]}{}g;
 # Replace all .\d. sequences with _\d. so they no longer look like version
@@ -3470,6 +4031,7 @@ sub clean_filename {
     $fname=~s/\.(\d+)(?=\.)/_$1/g;
     return $fname;
 }
+
 # This Function checks if an Image's dimensions exceed either $resizewidth (width) 
 # or $resizeheight (height) - both pixels. If so, the image is scaled to produce an 
 # image with the same aspect ratio as the original, but with dimensions which do 
@@ -3512,13 +4074,16 @@ sub resizeImage {
 # input: $formname - the contents of the file are in $env{"form.$formname"}
 #                    the desired filename is in $env{"form.$formname.filename"}
 #        $context - possible values: coursedoc, existingfile, overwrite, 
-#                                    canceloverwrite, or ''. 
+#                                    canceloverwrite, scantron or ''.
 #                   if 'coursedoc': upload to the current course
 #                   if 'existingfile': write file to tmp/overwrites directory 
 #                   if 'canceloverwrite': delete file written to tmp/overwrites directory
 #                   $context is passed as argument to &finishuserfileupload
 #        $subdir - directory in userfile to store the file into
-#        $parser - instruction to parse file for objects ($parser = parse)    
+#        $parser - instruction to parse file for objects ($parser = parse) or
+#                  if context is 'scantron', $parser is hashref of csv column mapping
+#                  (e.g.,{ PaperID => 0, LastName => 1, FirstName => 2, ID => 3, 
+#                          Section => 4, CODE => 5, FirstQuestion => 9 }).
 #        $allfiles - reference to hash for embedded objects
 #        $codebase - reference to hash for codebase of java objects
 #        $desuname - username for permanent storage of uploaded file
@@ -3541,6 +4106,14 @@ sub userfileupload {
     $fname=&clean_filename($fname);
     # See if there is anything left
     unless ($fname) { return 'error: no uploaded file'; }
+    # If filename now begins with a . prepend unix timestamp _ milliseconds
+    if ($fname =~ /^\./) {
+        my ($s,$usec) = &gettimeofday();
+        while (length($usec) < 6) {
+            $usec = '0'.$usec;
+        }
+        $fname = $s.'_'.substr($usec,0,3).$fname;
+    }
     # Files uploaded to help request form, or uploaded to "create course" page are handled differently
     if ((($formname eq 'screenshot') && ($subdir eq 'helprequests')) ||
         (($formname eq 'coursecreatorxml') && ($subdir eq 'batchupload')) ||
@@ -3554,12 +4127,12 @@ sub userfileupload {
                          '_'.$env{'user.domain'}.'/pending';
         } elsif (($context eq 'existingfile') || ($context eq 'canceloverwrite')) {
             my ($docuname,$docudom);
-            if ($destudom) {
+            if ($destudom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
                 $docudom = $destudom;
             } else {
                 $docudom = $env{'user.domain'};
             }
-            if ($destuname) {
+            if ($destuname =~ /^$match_username$/) {
                 $docuname = $destuname;
             } else {
                 $docuname = $env{'user.name'};
@@ -3589,7 +4162,7 @@ sub userfileupload {
                 mkdir($fullpath,0777);
             }
         }
-        open(my $fh,'>'.$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
+        open(my $fh,'>',$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
         print $fh $env{'form.'.$formname};
         close($fh);
         if ($context eq 'existingfile') {
@@ -3664,7 +4237,7 @@ sub finishuserfileupload {
 
 # Save the file
     {
-	if (!open(FH,'>'.$filepath.'/'.$file)) {
+	if (!open(FH,'>',$filepath.'/'.$file)) {
 	    &logthis('Failed to create '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
 	    print STDERR ('Failed to create '.$filepath.'/'.$file."\n");
 	    return '/adm/notfound.html';
@@ -3708,7 +4281,7 @@ sub finishuserfileupload {
             }
         }
     }
-    if ($parser eq 'parse') {
+    if (($context ne 'scantron') && ($parser eq 'parse')) {
         if ((ref($mimetype)) && ($$mimetype eq 'text/html')) {
             my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$file,
                                                        $allfiles,$codebase);
@@ -3717,12 +4290,16 @@ sub finishuserfileupload {
 	   	         ' for embedded media: '.$parse_result); 
             }
         }
+    } elsif (($context eq 'scantron') && (ref($parser) eq 'HASH')) {
+        my $format = $env{'form.scantron_format'};
+        &bubblesheet_converter($docudom,$filepath.'/'.$file,$parser,$format);
     }
     if (($thumbwidth =~ /^\d+$/) && ($thumbheight =~ /^\d+$/)) {
         my $input = $filepath.'/'.$file;
         my $output = $filepath.'/'.'tn-'.$file;
         my $thumbsize = $thumbwidth.'x'.$thumbheight;
-        system("convert -sample $thumbsize $input $output");
+        my @args = ('convert','-sample',$thumbsize,$input,$output);
+        system({$args[0]} @args);
         if (-e $filepath.'/'.'tn-'.$file) {
             $fetchthumb  = 1; 
         }
@@ -3956,6 +4533,246 @@ sub embedded_dependency {
     return;
 }
 
+sub bubblesheet_converter {
+    my ($cdom,$fullpath,$config,$format) = @_;
+    if ((&domain($cdom) ne '') &&
+        ($fullpath =~ m{^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}/userfiles/$cdom/\E$match_courseid/scantron_orig}) &&
+        (-e $fullpath) && (ref($config) eq 'HASH') && ($format ne '')) {
+        my (%csvcols,%csvoptions);
+        if (ref($config->{'fields'}) eq 'HASH') {  
+            %csvcols = %{$config->{'fields'}};
+        }
+        if (ref($config->{'options'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            %csvoptions = %{$config->{'options'}};
+        }
+        my %csvbynum = reverse(%csvcols);
+        my %scantronconf = &get_scantron_config($format,$cdom);
+        if (keys(%scantronconf)) {
+            my %bynum = (
+                          $scantronconf{CODEstart} => 'CODEstart',
+                          $scantronconf{IDstart}   => 'IDstart',
+                          $scantronconf{PaperID}   => 'PaperID',
+                          $scantronconf{FirstName} => 'FirstName',
+                          $scantronconf{LastName}  => 'LastName',
+                          $scantronconf{Qstart}    => 'Qstart',
+                        );
+            my @ordered;
+            foreach my $item (sort { $a <=> $b } keys(%bynum)) {
+                push(@ordered,$bynum{$item});
+            }
+            my %mapstart = (
+                              CODEstart => 'CODE',
+                              IDstart   => 'ID',
+                              PaperID   => 'PaperID',
+                              FirstName => 'FirstName',
+                              LastName  => 'LastName',
+                              Qstart    => 'FirstQuestion',
+                           );
+            my %maplength = (
+                              CODEstart => 'CODElength',
+                              IDstart   => 'IDlength',
+                              PaperID   => 'PaperIDlength',
+                              FirstName => 'FirstNamelength',
+                              LastName  => 'LastNamelength',
+            );
+            if (open(my $fh,'<',$fullpath)) {
+                my $output;
+                my %lettdig = &letter_to_digits();
+                my %diglett = reverse(%lettdig);
+                my $numletts = scalar(keys(%lettdig));
+                my $num = 0;
+                while (my $line=<$fh>) {
+                    $num ++;
+                    next if (($num == 1) && ($csvoptions{'hdr'} == 1));
+                    $line =~ s{[\r\n]+$}{};
+                    my %found;
+                    my @values = split(/,/,$line);
+                    my ($qstart,$record);
+                    for (my $i=0; $i<@values; $i++) {
+                        if ((($qstart ne '') && ($i > $qstart)) ||
+                            ($csvbynum{$i} eq 'FirstQuestion')) {
+                            if ($values[$i] eq '') {
+                                $values[$i] = $scantronconf{'Qoff'};
+                            } elsif ($scantronconf{'Qon'} eq 'number') {
+                                if ($values[$i] =~ /^[A-Ja-j]$/) {
+                                    $values[$i] = $lettdig{uc($values[$i])};
+                                }
+                            } elsif ($scantronconf{'Qon'} eq 'letter') {
+                                if ($values[$i] =~ /^[0-9]$/) {
+                                    $values[$i] = $diglett{$values[$i]};
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                if ($values[$i] =~ /^[0-9A-Ja-j]$/) {
+                                    my $digit;
+                                    if ($values[$i] =~ /^[A-Ja-j]$/) {
+                                        $digit = $lettdig{uc($values[$i])}-1;
+                                        if ($values[$i] eq 'J') {
+                                            $digit += $numletts;
+                                        }
+                                    } elsif ($values[$i] =~ /^[0-9]$/) {
+                                        $digit = $values[$i]-1;
+                                        if ($values[$i] eq '0') {
+                                            $digit += $numletts;
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                    my $qval='';
+                                    for (my $j=0; $j<$scantronconf{'Qlength'}; $j++) {
+                                        if ($j == $digit) {
+                                            $qval .= $scantronconf{'Qon'};
+                                        } else {
+                                            $qval .= $scantronconf{'Qoff'};
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                    $values[$i] = $qval;
+                                }
+                            }
+                            if (length($values[$i]) > $scantronconf{'Qlength'}) {
+                                $values[$i] = substr($values[$i],0,$scantronconf{'Qlength'});
+                            }
+                            my $numblank = $scantronconf{'Qlength'} - length($values[$i]);
+                            if ($numblank > 0) {
+                                 $values[$i] .= ($scantronconf{'Qoff'} x $numblank);
+                            }
+                            if ($csvbynum{$i} eq 'FirstQuestion') {
+                                $qstart = $i;
+                                $found{$csvbynum{$i}} = $values[$i];
+                            } else {
+                                $found{'FirstQuestion'} .= $values[$i];
+                            }
+                        } elsif (exists($csvbynum{$i})) {
+                            if ($csvoptions{'rem'}) {
+                                $values[$i] =~ s/^\s+//;
+                            }
+                            if (($csvbynum{$i} eq 'PaperID') && ($csvoptions{'pad'})) {
+                                while (length($values[$i]) < $scantronconf{$maplength{$csvbynum{$i}}}) {
+                                    $values[$i] = '0'.$values[$i];
+                                }
+                            }
+                            $found{$csvbynum{$i}} = $values[$i];
+                        }
+                    }
+                    foreach my $item (@ordered) {
+                        my $currlength = 1+length($record);
+                        my $numspaces = $scantronconf{$item} - $currlength;
+                        if ($numspaces > 0) {
+                            $record .= (' ' x $numspaces);
+                        }
+                        if (($mapstart{$item} ne '') && (exists($found{$mapstart{$item}}))) {
+                            unless ($item eq 'Qstart') {
+                                if (length($found{$mapstart{$item}}) > $scantronconf{$maplength{$item}}) {
+                                    $found{$mapstart{$item}} = substr($found{$mapstart{$item}},0,$scantronconf{$maplength{$item}});
+                                }
+                            }
+                            $record .= $found{$mapstart{$item}};
+                        }
+                    }
+                    $output .= "$record\n";
+                }
+                close($fh);
+                if ($output) {
+                    if (open(my $fh,'>',$fullpath)) {
+                        print $fh $output;
+                        close($fh);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+sub letter_to_digits {
+    my %lettdig = (
+                    A => 1,
+                    B => 2,
+                    C => 3,
+                    D => 4,
+                    E => 5,
+                    F => 6,
+                    G => 7,
+                    H => 8,
+                    I => 9,
+                    J => 0,
+                  );
+    return %lettdig;
+}
+
+sub get_scantron_config {
+    my ($which,$cdom) = @_;
+    my @lines = &get_scantronformat_file($cdom);
+    my %config;
+    #FIXME probably should move to XML it has already gotten a bit much now
+    foreach my $line (@lines) {
+        my ($name,$descrip)=split(/:/,$line);
+        if ($name ne $which ) { next; }
+        chomp($line);
+        my @config=split(/:/,$line);
+        $config{'name'}=$config[0];
+        $config{'description'}=$config[1];
+        $config{'CODElocation'}=$config[2];
+        $config{'CODEstart'}=$config[3];
+        $config{'CODElength'}=$config[4];
+        $config{'IDstart'}=$config[5];
+        $config{'IDlength'}=$config[6];
+        $config{'Qstart'}=$config[7];
+        $config{'Qlength'}=$config[8];
+        $config{'Qoff'}=$config[9];
+        $config{'Qon'}=$config[10];
+        $config{'PaperID'}=$config[11];
+        $config{'PaperIDlength'}=$config[12];
+        $config{'FirstName'}=$config[13];
+        $config{'FirstNamelength'}=$config[14];
+        $config{'LastName'}=$config[15];
+        $config{'LastNamelength'}=$config[16];
+        $config{'BubblesPerRow'}=$config[17];
+        last;
+    }
+    return %config;
+}
+
+sub get_scantronformat_file {
+    my ($cdom) = @_;
+    if ($cdom eq '') {
+        $cdom= $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+    }
+    my %domconfig = &get_dom('configuration',['scantron'],$cdom);
+    my $gottab = 0;
+    my @lines;
+    if (ref($domconfig{'scantron'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        if ($domconfig{'scantron'}{'scantronformat'} ne '') {
+            my $formatfile = &getfile($perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.$domconfig{'scantron'}{'scantronformat'});
+            if ($formatfile ne '-1') {
+                @lines = split("\n",$formatfile,-1);
+                $gottab = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (!$gottab) {
+        my $confname = $cdom.'-domainconfig';
+        my $default = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.$cdom.'/'.$confname.'/default.tab';
+        my $formatfile = &getfile($default);
+        if ($formatfile ne '-1') {
+            @lines = split("\n",$formatfile,-1);
+            $gottab = 1;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!$gottab) {
+        my @domains = &current_machine_domains();
+        if (grep(/^\Q$cdom\E$/,@domains)) {
+            if (open(my $fh,'<',$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/scantronformat.tab')) {
+                @lines = <$fh>;
+                close($fh);
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (open(my $fh,'<',$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/default_scantronformat.tab')) {
+                @lines = <$fh>;
+                close($fh);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return @lines;
+}
+
 sub removeuploadedurl {
     my ($url)=@_;	
     my (undef,undef,$udom,$uname,$fname)=split('/',$url,5);    
@@ -4106,7 +4923,7 @@ sub flushcourselogs {
         }
     }
 #
-# Reverse lookup of domain roles (dc, ad, li, sc, au)
+# Reverse lookup of domain roles (dc, ad, li, sc, dh, da, au)
 #
     my %domrolebuffer = ();
     foreach my $entry (keys(%domainrolehash)) {
@@ -4121,10 +4938,19 @@ sub flushcourselogs {
         delete $domainrolehash{$entry};
     }
     foreach my $dom (keys(%domrolebuffer)) {
-	my %servers = &get_servers($dom,'library');
+	my %servers;
+	if (defined(&domain($dom,'primary'))) {
+	    my $primary=&domain($dom,'primary');
+	    my $hostname=&hostname($primary);
+	    $servers{$primary} = $hostname;
+	} else { 
+	    %servers = &get_servers($dom,'library');
+	}
 	foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
-	    unless (&reply('domroleput:'.$dom.':'.
-			   $domrolebuffer{$dom},$tryserver) eq 'ok') {
+	    if (&reply('domroleput:'.$dom.':'.
+		       $domrolebuffer{$dom},$tryserver) eq 'ok') {
+		last;
+	    } else {  
 		&logthis('Put of domain roles failed for '.$dom.' and  '.$tryserver);
 	    }
         }
@@ -4244,7 +5070,7 @@ sub userrolelog {
          {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}.':'}
                     =$tend.':'.$tstart;
     }
-    if ($trole =~ /^(dc|ad|li|au|dg|sc)/ ) {
+    if ($trole =~ /^(dc|ad|li|au|dg|sc|dh|da)/ ) {
        my (undef,$rudom,$runame,$rsec)=split(/\//,$area);
        $domainrolehash
          {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$runame.':'.$rudom.':'.$rsec}
@@ -4471,6 +5297,195 @@ sub get_my_roles {
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
+sub get_all_adhocroles {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my @roles_by_num = ();
+    my %domdefaults = &get_domain_defaults($dom);
+    my (%description,%access_in_dom,%access_info);
+    if (ref($domdefaults{'adhocroles'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        my $count = 0;
+        my %domcurrent = %{$domdefaults{'adhocroles'}};
+        my %ordered;
+        foreach my $role (sort(keys(%domcurrent))) {
+            my ($order,$desc,$access_in_dom);
+            if (ref($domcurrent{$role}) eq 'HASH') {
+                $order = $domcurrent{$role}{'order'};
+                $desc = $domcurrent{$role}{'desc'};
+                $access_in_dom{$role} = $domcurrent{$role}{'access'};
+                $access_info{$role} = $domcurrent{$role}{$access_in_dom{$role}};
+            }
+            if ($order eq '') {
+                $order = $count;
+            }
+            $ordered{$order} = $role;
+            if ($desc ne '') {
+                $description{$role} = $desc;
+            } else {
+                $description{$role}= $role;
+            }
+            $count++;
+        }
+        foreach my $item (sort {$a <=> $b } (keys(%ordered))) {
+            push(@roles_by_num,$ordered{$item});
+        }
+    }
+    return (\@roles_by_num,\%description,\%access_in_dom,\%access_info);
+}
+
+sub get_my_adhocroles {
+    my ($cid,$checkreg) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,%info,@possroles,$description,$roles_by_num);
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'} eq $cid) {
+        $cdom = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+        $cnum = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'};
+        $info{'internal.coursecode'} = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.internal.coursecode'};
+    } elsif ($cid =~ /^($match_domain)_($match_courseid)$/) {
+        $cdom = $1;
+        $cnum = $2;
+        %info = &Apache::lonnet::get('environment',['internal.coursecode'],
+                                     $cdom,$cnum);
+    }
+    if (($info{'internal.coursecode'} ne '') && ($checkreg)) {
+        my $user = $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+        my %rosterhash = &get('classlist',[$user],$cdom,$cnum);
+        if ($rosterhash{$user} ne '') {
+            my $type = (split(/:/,$rosterhash{$user}))[5];
+            return ([],{}) if ($type eq 'auto');
+        }
+    }
+    if (($cdom ne '') && ($cnum ne ''))  {
+        if (($env{"user.role.dh./$cdom/"}) || ($env{"user.role.da./$cdom/"})) {
+            my $then=$env{'user.login.time'};
+            my $update=$env{'user.update.time'};
+            if (!$update) {
+                $update = $then;
+            }
+            my @liveroles;
+            foreach my $role ('dh','da') {
+                if ($env{"user.role.$role./$cdom/"}) {
+                    my ($tstart,$tend)=split(/\./,$env{"user.role.$role./$cdom/"});
+                    my $limit = $update;
+                    if ($env{'request.role'} eq "$role./$cdom/") {
+                        $limit = $then;
+                    }
+                    my $activerole = 1;
+                    if ($tstart && $tstart>$limit) { $activerole = 0; }
+                    if ($tend   && $tend  <$limit) { $activerole = 0; }
+                    if ($activerole) {
+                        push(@liveroles,$role);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (@liveroles) {
+                if (&homeserver($cnum,$cdom) ne 'no_host') {
+                    my ($accessref,$accessinfo,%access_in_dom);
+                    ($roles_by_num,$description,$accessref,$accessinfo) = &get_all_adhocroles($cdom);
+                    if (ref($roles_by_num) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                        if (@{$roles_by_num}) {
+                            my %settings;
+                            if ($env{'request.course.id'} eq $cid) {
+                                foreach my $envkey (keys(%env)) {
+                                    if ($envkey =~ /^\Qcourse.$cid.\E(internal\.adhoc.+)$/) {
+                                        $settings{$1} = $env{$envkey};
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                %settings = &dump('environment',$cdom,$cnum,'internal\.adhoc');
+                            }
+                            my %setincrs;
+                            if ($settings{'internal.adhocaccess'}) {
+                                map { $setincrs{$_} = 1; } split(/,/,$settings{'internal.adhocaccess'});
+                            }
+                            my @statuses;
+                            if ($env{'environment.inststatus'}) {
+                                @statuses = split(/,/,$env{'environment.inststatus'});
+                            }
+                            my $user = $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+                            if (ref($accessref) eq 'HASH') {
+                                %access_in_dom = %{$accessref};
+                            }
+                            foreach my $role (@{$roles_by_num}) {
+                                my ($curraccess,@okstatus,@personnel);
+                                if ($setincrs{$role}) {
+                                    ($curraccess,my $rest) = split(/=/,$settings{'internal.adhoc.'.$role});
+                                    if ($curraccess eq 'status') {
+                                        @okstatus = split(/\&/,$rest);
+                                    } elsif (($curraccess eq 'exc') || ($curraccess eq 'inc')) {
+                                        @personnel = split(/\&/,$rest);
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    $curraccess = $access_in_dom{$role};
+                                    if (ref($accessinfo) eq 'HASH') {
+                                        if ($curraccess eq 'status') {
+                                            if (ref($accessinfo->{$role}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                                @okstatus = @{$accessinfo->{$role}};
+                                            }
+                                        } elsif (($curraccess eq 'exc') || ($curraccess eq 'inc')) {
+                                            if (ref($accessinfo->{$role}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                                @personnel = @{$accessinfo->{$role}};
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                if ($curraccess eq 'none') {
+                                    next;
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'all') {
+                                    push(@possroles,$role);
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'dh') {
+                                    if (grep(/^dh$/,@liveroles)) {
+                                        push(@possroles,$role);
+                                    } else {
+                                        next;
+                                    }
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'da') {
+                                    if (grep(/^da$/,@liveroles)) {
+                                        push(@possroles,$role);
+                                    } else {
+                                        next;
+                                    }
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'status') {
+                                    if (@okstatus) {
+                                        if (!@statuses) {
+                                            if (grep(/^default$/,@okstatus)) {
+                                                push(@possroles,$role);
+                                            }
+                                        } else {
+                                            foreach my $status (@okstatus) {
+                                                if (grep(/^\Q$status\E$/,@statuses)) {
+                                                    push(@possroles,$role);
+                                                    last;
+                                                }
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                } elsif (($curraccess eq 'exc') || ($curraccess eq 'inc')) {
+                                    if (grep(/^\Q$user\E$/,@personnel)) {
+                                        if ($curraccess eq 'exc') {
+                                            push(@possroles,$role);
+                                        }
+                                    } elsif ($curraccess eq 'inc') {
+                                        push(@possroles,$role);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unless (ref($description) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($roles_by_num) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            my %desc;
+            map { $desc{$_} = $_; } (@{$roles_by_num});
+            $description = \%desc;
+        } else {
+            $description = {};
+        }
+    }
+    return (\@possroles,$description);
+}
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------- Frontpage Announcements
 #
 #
@@ -4484,7 +5499,7 @@ sub postannounce {
 
 sub getannounce {
 
-    if (open(my $fh,$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/announcement.txt')) {
+    if (open(my $fh,"<",$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/announcement.txt')) {
 	my $announcement='';
 	while (my $line = <$fh>) { $announcement .= $line; }
 	close($fh);
@@ -4711,6 +5726,21 @@ sub get_domain_roles {
     return %personnel;
 }
 
+sub get_active_domroles {
+    my ($dom,$roles) = @_;
+    return () unless (ref($roles) eq 'ARRAY');
+    my $now = time;
+    my %dompersonnel = &get_domain_roles($dom,$roles,$now,$now);
+    my %domroles;
+    foreach my $server (keys(%dompersonnel)) {
+        foreach my $user (sort(keys(%{$dompersonnel{$server}}))) {
+            my ($trole,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec) = split(/:/,$user);
+            $domroles{$uname.':'.$udom} = $dompersonnel{$server}{$user};
+        }
+    }
+    return %domroles;
+}
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------------- Interval timing 
 
 {
@@ -4766,7 +5796,12 @@ sub set_first_access {
     }
     $cachedkey='';
     my $firstaccess=&get_first_access($type,$symb,$map);
-    if (!$firstaccess) {
+    if ($firstaccess) {
+        &logthis("First access time already set ($firstaccess) when attempting ".
+                 "to set new value (type: $type, extent: $res) for $uname:$udom ".
+                 "in $courseid");
+        return 'already_set';
+    } else {
         my $start = time;
 	my $putres = &put('firstaccesstimes',{"$courseid\0$res"=>$start},
                           $udom,$uname);
@@ -4779,6 +5814,12 @@ sub set_first_access {
                         'course.'.$courseid.'.timerinterval.'.$res => $interval,
                      }
                   );
+            if (($cachedtime) && (abs($start-$cachedtime) < 5)) {
+                $cachedtimes{"$courseid\0$res"} = $start;
+            }
+        } elsif ($putres ne 'refused') {
+            &logthis("Result: $putres when attempting to set first access time ".
+                     "(type: $type, extent: $res) for $uname:$udom in $courseid");
         }
         return $putres;
     }
@@ -5565,9 +6606,10 @@ sub rolesinit {
         }
     }
 
-    @userroles{'user.author', 'user.adv'} = &set_userprivs(\%userroles,
-        \%allroles, \%allgroups);
+    @userroles{'user.author','user.adv','user.rar'} = &set_userprivs(\%userroles,
+                                                          \%allroles, \%allgroups);
     $env{'user.adv'} = $userroles{'user.adv'};
+    $env{'user.rar'} = $userroles{'user.rar'};
 
     return (\%userroles,\%firstaccenv,\%timerintenv);
 }
@@ -5603,6 +6645,10 @@ sub custom_roleprivs {
                     $$allroles{$spec.'./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$dompriv;
                 }
                 if (($trest ne '') && (defined($coursepriv))) {
+                    if ($trole =~ m{^cr/$tdomain/$tdomain\Q-domainconfig\E/([^/]+)$}) {
+                        my $rolename = $1;
+                        $coursepriv = &course_adhocrole_privs($rolename,$tdomain,$trest,$coursepriv);
+                    }
                     $$allroles{'cm.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
                     $$allroles{$spec.'.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
                 }
@@ -5611,6 +6657,48 @@ sub custom_roleprivs {
     }
 }
 
+sub course_adhocrole_privs {
+    my ($rolename,$cdom,$cnum,$coursepriv) = @_;
+    my %overrides = &get('environment',["internal.adhocpriv.$rolename"],$cdom,$cnum);
+    if ($overrides{"internal.adhocpriv.$rolename"}) {
+        my (%currprivs,%storeprivs);
+        foreach my $item (split(/:/,$coursepriv)) {
+            my ($priv,$restrict) = split(/\&/,$item);
+            $currprivs{$priv} = $restrict;
+        }
+        my (%possadd,%possremove,%full);
+        foreach my $item (split(/\:/,$Apache::lonnet::pr{'cr:c'})) {
+            my ($priv,$restrict)=split(/\&/,$item);
+            $full{$priv} = $restrict;
+        }
+        foreach my $item (split(/,/,$overrides{"internal.adhocpriv.$rolename"})) {
+             next if ($item eq '');
+             my ($rule,$rest) = split(/=/,$item);
+             next unless (($rule eq 'off') || ($rule eq 'on'));
+             foreach my $priv (split(/:/,$rest)) {
+                 if ($priv ne '') {
+                     if ($rule eq 'off') {
+                         $possremove{$priv} = 1;
+                     } else {
+                         $possadd{$priv} = 1;
+                     }
+                 }
+             }
+         }
+         foreach my $priv (sort(keys(%full))) {
+             if (exists($currprivs{$priv})) {
+                 unless (exists($possremove{$priv})) {
+                     $storeprivs{$priv} = $currprivs{$priv};
+                 }
+             } elsif (exists($possadd{$priv})) {
+                 $storeprivs{$priv} = $full{$priv};
+             }
+         }
+         $coursepriv = ':'.join(':',map { $_.'&'.$storeprivs{$_}; } sort(keys(%storeprivs)));
+     }
+     return $coursepriv;
+}
+
 sub group_roleprivs {
     my ($allgroups,$area,$group_privs,$tend,$tstart) = @_;
     my $access = 1;
@@ -5645,6 +6733,7 @@ sub set_userprivs {
     my ($userroles,$allroles,$allgroups,$groups_roles) = @_; 
     my $author=0;
     my $adv=0;
+    my $rar=0;
     my %grouproles = ();
     if (keys(%{$allgroups}) > 0) {
         my @groupkeys; 
@@ -5692,6 +6781,7 @@ sub set_userprivs {
                     $thesepriv{$privilege}.=$restrictions;
                 }
                 if ($thesepriv{'adv'} eq 'F') { $adv=1; }
+                if ($thesepriv{'rar'} eq 'F') { $rar=1; }
             }
         }
         my $thesestr='';
@@ -5700,7 +6790,7 @@ sub set_userprivs {
 	}
         $userroles->{'user.priv.'.$role} = $thesestr;
     }
-    return ($author,$adv);
+    return ($author,$adv,$rar);
 }
 
 sub role_status {
@@ -5745,9 +6835,10 @@ sub role_status {
                                 push(@rolecodes,$$role);
                                 &standard_roleprivs(\%allroles,$$role,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$$where);
                             }
-                            my ($author,$adv)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%allroles,\%allgroups,\%groups_roles);
+                            my ($author,$adv,$rar)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%allroles,\%allgroups,
+                                                                   \%groups_roles);
                             &appenv(\%userroles,\@rolecodes);
-                            &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$role);
+                            &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$spec);
                         }
                     }
                     $$tstatus = 'is';
@@ -5823,39 +6914,57 @@ sub delete_env_groupprivs {
 }
 
 sub check_adhoc_privs {
-    my ($cdom,$cnum,$update,$refresh,$now,$checkrole,$caller) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$update,$refresh,$now,$checkrole,$caller,$sec) = @_;
     my $cckey = 'user.role.'.$checkrole.'./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum;
+    if ($sec) {
+        $cckey .= '/'.$sec;
+    } 
     my $setprivs;
     if ($env{$cckey}) {
         my ($role,$where,$trolecode,$tstart,$tend,$tremark,$tstatus,$tpstart,$tpend);
         &role_status($cckey,$update,$refresh,$now,\$role,\$where,\$trolecode,\$tstatus,\$tstart,\$tend);
         unless (($tstatus eq 'is') || ($tstatus eq 'will_not')) {
-            &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller);
+            &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller,$sec);
             $setprivs = 1;
         }
     } else {
-        &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller);
+        &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller,$sec);
         $setprivs = 1;
     }
     return $setprivs;
 }
 
 sub set_adhoc_privileges {
-# role can be cc or ca
-    my ($dcdom,$pickedcourse,$role,$caller) = @_;
+# role can be cc, ca, or cr/<dom>/<dom>-domainconfig/role
+    my ($dcdom,$pickedcourse,$role,$caller,$sec) = @_;
     my $area = '/'.$dcdom.'/'.$pickedcourse;
+    if ($sec ne '') {
+        $area .= '/'.$sec;
+    }
     my $spec = $role.'.'.$area;
     my %userroles = &set_arearole($role,$area,'','',$env{'user.domain'},
                                   $env{'user.name'},1);
-    my %ccrole = ();
-    &standard_roleprivs(\%ccrole,$role,$dcdom,$spec,$pickedcourse,$area);
-    my ($author,$adv)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%ccrole);
+    my %rolehash = ();
+    if ($role =~ m{^\Qcr/$dcdom/$dcdom\E\-domainconfig/(\w+)$}) {
+        my $rolename = $1;
+        &custom_roleprivs(\%rolehash,$role,$dcdom,$pickedcourse,$spec,$area);
+        my %domdef = &get_domain_defaults($dcdom);
+        if (ref($domdef{'adhocroles'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($domdef{'adhocroles'}{$rolename}) eq 'HASH') {
+                &appenv({'request.role.desc' => $domdef{'adhocroles'}{$rolename}{'desc'},});
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        &standard_roleprivs(\%rolehash,$role,$dcdom,$spec,$pickedcourse,$area);
+    }
+    my ($author,$adv,$rar)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%rolehash);
     &appenv(\%userroles,[$role,'cm']);
-    &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$role);
-    unless ($caller eq 'constructaccess' && $env{'request.course.id'}) {
+    &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$spec);
+    unless (($caller eq 'constructaccess' && $env{'request.course.id'}) ||
+            ($caller eq 'tiny')) {
         &appenv( {'request.role'        => $spec,
                   'request.role.domain' => $dcdom,
-                  'request.course.sec'  => ''
+                  'request.course.sec'  => $sec,
                  }
                );
         my $tadv=0;
@@ -6005,7 +7114,7 @@ sub currentdump {
    #
    my %returnhash=();
    #
-   if ($rep eq "unknown_cmd") { 
+   if ($rep eq 'unknown_cmd') {
        # an old lond will not know currentdump
        # Do a dump and make it look like a currentdump
        my @tmp = &dumpstore($courseid,$sdom,$sname,'.');
@@ -6239,9 +7348,11 @@ sub tmpget {
     if (!defined($server)) { $server = $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
     my $rep=&reply("tmpget:$token",$server);
     my %returnhash;
+    if ($rep =~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) {
+        return %returnhash;
+    }
     foreach my $item (split(/\&/,$rep)) {
 	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item);
-        next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
 	$returnhash{&unescape($key)}=&thaw_unescape($value);
     }
     return %returnhash;
@@ -6624,6 +7735,7 @@ sub usertools_access {
                       community  => 1,
                       textbook   => 1,
                       placement  => 1,
+                      lti        => 1,
                  );
     } elsif ($context eq 'requestauthor') {
         %tools = (
@@ -6820,25 +7932,29 @@ sub is_advanced_user {
 }
 
 sub check_can_request {
-    my ($dom,$can_request,$request_domains) = @_;
+    my ($dom,$can_request,$request_domains,$uname,$udom) = @_;
     my $canreq = 0;
+    if (($env{'user.name'} ne '') && ($env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
+        $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+        $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+    }
     my ($types,$typename) = &Apache::loncommon::course_types();
     my @options = ('approval','validate','autolimit');
     my $optregex = join('|',@options);
     if ((ref($can_request) eq 'HASH') && (ref($types) eq 'ARRAY')) {
         foreach my $type (@{$types}) {
-            if (&usertools_access($env{'user.name'},
-                                  $env{'user.domain'},
-                                  $type,undef,'requestcourses')) {
+            if (&usertools_access($uname,$udom,$type,undef,
+                                  'requestcourses')) {
                 $canreq ++;
                 if (ref($request_domains) eq 'HASH') {
-                    push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$env{'user.domain'});
+                    push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$udom);
                 }
-                if ($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                if ($dom eq $udom) {
                     $can_request->{$type} = 1;
                 }
             }
-            if ($env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type} ne '') {
+            if (($env{'user.name'} ne '') && ($env{'user.domain'} ne '') &&
+                ($env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type} ne '')) {
                 my @curr = split(',',$env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type});
                 if (@curr > 0) {
                     foreach my $item (@curr) {
@@ -6855,7 +7971,7 @@ sub check_can_request {
                             }
                         }
                     }
-                    unless($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                    unless ($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
                         $canreq ++;
                         if (grep(/^\Q$dom\E:($optregex)(=?\d*)$/,@curr)) {
                             $can_request->{$type} = 1;
@@ -6920,7 +8036,7 @@ sub customaccess {
 # ------------------------------------------------- Check for a user privilege
 
 sub allowed {
-    my ($priv,$uri,$symb,$role,$clientip,$noblockcheck)=@_;
+    my ($priv,$uri,$symb,$role,$clientip,$noblockcheck,$ignorecache)=@_;
     my $ver_orguri=$uri;
     $uri=&deversion($uri);
     my $orguri=$uri;
@@ -6937,7 +8053,7 @@ sub allowed {
 
     if (defined($env{'allowed.'.$priv})) { return $env{'allowed.'.$priv}; }
 # Free bre access to adm and meta resources
-    if (((($uri=~/^adm\//) && ($uri !~ m{/(?:smppg|bulletinboard)$})) 
+    if (((($uri=~/^adm\//) && ($uri !~ m{/(?:smppg|bulletinboard|ext\.tool)$})) 
 	 || (($uri=~/\.meta$/) && ($uri!~m|^uploaded/|) )) 
 	&& ($priv eq 'bre')) {
 	return 'F';
@@ -6985,7 +8101,10 @@ sub allowed {
 # Free bre to public access
 
     if ($priv eq 'bre') {
-        my $copyright=&metadata($uri,'copyright');
+        my $copyright;
+        unless ($uri =~ /ext\.tool/) {
+            $copyright=&metadata($uri,'copyright');
+        }
 	if (($copyright eq 'public') && (!$env{'request.course.id'})) { 
            return 'F'; 
         }
@@ -7102,8 +8221,34 @@ sub allowed {
 
     if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'.'.$courseuri}
        =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
-        unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
-            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        if ($priv eq 'mip') {
+            my $rem = $1;
+            if (($uri ne '') && ($env{'request.course.id'} eq $uri) &&
+                ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.internal.courseowner'} eq $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'})) {
+                my $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+                if ($cdom ne '') {
+                    my %passwdconf = &get_passwdconf($cdom);
+                    if (ref($passwdconf{'crsownerchg'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                        if (ref($passwdconf{'crsownerchg'}{'by'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                            if (@{$passwdconf{'crsownerchg'}{'by'}}) {
+                                my @inststatuses = split(':',$env{'environment.inststatus'});
+                                unless (@inststatuses) {
+                                    @inststatuses = ('default');
+                                }
+                                foreach my $status (@inststatuses) {
+                                    if (grep(/^\Q$status\E$/,@{$passwdconf{'crsownerchg'}{'by'}})) {
+                                        $thisallowed.=$rem;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
+                $thisallowed.=$1;
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -7116,10 +8261,13 @@ sub allowed {
             if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'}
                   =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
                 my $value = $1;
-                if ($noblockcheck) {
+                my $deeplinkblock = &deeplink_check($priv,$symb,$uri);
+                if ($deeplinkblock) {
+                    $thisallowed='D';
+                } elsif ($noblockcheck) {
                     $thisallowed.=$value;
                 } else {
-                    my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$uri);
+                    my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$uri,$ignorecache);
                     if (@blockers > 0) {
                         $thisallowed = 'B';
                     } else {
@@ -7136,10 +8284,13 @@ sub allowed {
                     $refuri=&declutter($refuri);
                     my ($match) = &is_on_map($refuri);
                     if ($match) {
-                        if ($noblockcheck) {
+                        my $deeplinkblock = &deeplink_check($priv,$symb,$refuri);
+                        if ($deeplinkblock) {
+                            $thisallowed='D';
+                        } elsif ($noblockcheck) {
                             $thisallowed='F';
                         } else {
-                            my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$refuri);
+                            my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,'',$refuri,'',1);
                             if (@blockers > 0) {
                                 $thisallowed = 'B';
                             } else {
@@ -7186,6 +8337,16 @@ sub allowed {
 
     if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
 
+# If this is modifying password (internal auth) domains must match for user and user's role.
+
+        if ($priv eq 'mip') {
+            if ($env{'user.domain'} eq $env{'request.role.domain'}) {
+                return $thisallowed;
+            } else {
+                return '';
+            }
+        }
+
        $courseprivid=$env{'request.course.id'};
        if ($env{'request.course.sec'}) {
           $courseprivid.='/'.$env{'request.course.sec'};
@@ -7202,7 +8363,7 @@ sub allowed {
                    if ($noblockcheck) {
                        $thisallowed.=$value;
                    } else {
-                       my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$uri);
+                       my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$uri,$ignorecache);
                        if (@blockers > 0) {
                            $thisallowed = 'B';
                        } else {
@@ -7215,7 +8376,7 @@ sub allowed {
                $checkreferer=0;
            }
        }
-       
+
        if ($checkreferer) {
 	  my $refuri=$env{'httpref.'.$orguri};
             unless ($refuri) {
@@ -7241,10 +8402,13 @@ sub allowed {
                   =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
                   my $value = $1;
                   if ($priv eq 'bre') {
-                      if ($noblockcheck) {
+                      my $deeplinkblock = &deeplink_check($priv,$symb,$refuri);
+                      if ($deeplinkblock) {
+                          $thisallowed = 'D';
+                      } elsif ($noblockcheck) {
                           $thisallowed.=$value;
                       } else {
-                          my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$refuri);
+                          my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,'',$refuri,'',1);
                           if (@blockers > 0) {
                               $thisallowed = 'B';
                           } else {
@@ -7330,7 +8494,7 @@ sub allowed {
 	   }
        }
     }
-   
+
 #
 # Rest of the restrictions depend on selected course
 #
@@ -7409,6 +8573,8 @@ sub allowed {
 	return 'A';
     } elsif ($thisallowed eq 'B') {
         return 'B';
+    } elsif ($thisallowed eq 'D') {
+        return 'D';
     }
    return 'F';
 }
@@ -7425,7 +8591,7 @@ sub constructaccess {
     my ($ownername,$ownerdomain,$ownerhome);
 
     ($ownerdomain,$ownername) =
-        ($url=~ m{^(?:\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E|)(?:/daxepage|/daxeopen)?/priv/($match_domain)/($match_username)/});
+        ($url=~ m{^(?:\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E|)(?:/daxepage|/daxeopen)?/priv/($match_domain)/($match_username)(?:/|$)});
 
 # The URL does not really point to any authorspace, forget it
     unless (($ownername) && ($ownerdomain)) { return ''; }
@@ -7497,22 +8663,27 @@ sub constructaccess {
 #
 # User for whom data are being temporarily cached.
 my $cacheduser='';
+# Course for which data are being temporarily cached.
+my $cachedcid='';
 # Cached blockers for this user (a hash of blocking items). 
 my %cachedblockers=();
 # When the data were last cached.
 my $cachedlast='';
 
 sub load_all_blockers {
-    my ($uname,$udom,$blocks)=@_;
+    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
     if (($uname ne '') && ($udom ne '')) { 
         if (($cacheduser eq $uname.':'.$udom) &&
+            ($cachedcid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) &&
             (abs($cachedlast-time)<5)) {
             return;
         }
     }
     $cachedlast=time;
     $cacheduser=$uname.':'.$udom;
-    %cachedblockers = &get_commblock_resources($blocks);
+    $cachedcid=$env{'request.course.id'};
+    %cachedblockers = &get_commblock_resources();
+    return;
 }
 
 sub get_comm_blocks {
@@ -7592,14 +8763,23 @@ sub get_commblock_resources {
                             if ($mapsymb) {
                                 if (ref($navmap)) {
                                     my $mapres = $navmap->getBySymb($mapsymb);
-                                    @to_test = $mapres->retrieveResources($mapres,undef,0,0,0,1);
-                                    foreach my $res (@to_test) {
-                                        my $symb = $res->symb();
-                                        next if ($symb eq $mapsymb);
-                                        if ($symb ne '') {
-                                            @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval",$symb);
-                                            if ($interval[1] eq 'map') {
-                                                last;
+                                    if (ref($mapres)) {
+                                        my $first = $mapres->map_start();
+                                        my $finish = $mapres->map_finish();
+                                        my $it = $navmap->getIterator($first,$finish,undef,0,0);
+                                        if (ref($it)) {
+                                            my $res;
+                                            while ($res = $it->next(undef,1)) {
+                                                next unless (ref($res));
+                                                my $symb = $res->symb();
+                                                next if (($symb eq $mapsymb) || ($symb eq ''));
+                                                @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval",$symb);
+                                                if ($interval[1] eq 'map') {
+                                                    if ($res->answerable()) {
+                                                        push(@to_test,$res);
+                                                        last;
+                                                    }
+                                                }
                                             }
                                         }
                                     }
@@ -7650,17 +8830,23 @@ sub get_commblock_resources {
 }
 
 sub has_comm_blocking {
-    my ($priv,$symb,$uri,$blocks) = @_;
+    my ($priv,$symb,$uri,$ignoresymbdb,$noenccheck,$blocked,$blocks) = @_;
     my @blockers;
     return unless ($env{'request.course.id'});
     return unless ($priv eq 'bre');
     return if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}} =~/evb\&([^\:]*)/);
     return if ($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct');
-    &load_all_blockers($env{'user.name'},$env{'user.domain'},$blocks);
-    return unless (keys(%cachedblockers) > 0);
+    my %blockinfo;
+    if (ref($blocks) eq 'HASH') {
+        %blockinfo = &get_commblock_resources($blocks);
+    } else {
+        &load_all_blockers($env{'user.name'},$env{'user.domain'});
+        %blockinfo = %cachedblockers;
+    }
+    return unless (keys(%blockinfo) > 0);
     my (%possibles,@symbs);
     if (!$symb) {
-        $symb = &symbread($uri,1,1,1,\%possibles);
+        $symb = &symbread($uri,1,1,1,\%possibles,$ignoresymbdb,$noenccheck);
     }
     if ($symb) {
         @symbs = ($symb);
@@ -7671,37 +8857,128 @@ sub has_comm_blocking {
     foreach my $symb (@symbs) {
         last if ($noblock);
         my ($map,$resid,$resurl)=&decode_symb($symb);
-        foreach my $block (keys(%cachedblockers)) {
+        foreach my $block (keys(%blockinfo)) {
             if ($block =~ /^firstaccess____(.+)$/) {
                 my $item = $1;
-                if (($item eq $map) || ($item eq $symb)) {
-                    $noblock = 1;
-                    last;
+                unless ($blocked) {
+                    if (($item eq $map) || ($item eq $symb)) {
+                        $noblock = 1;
+                        last;
+                    }
                 }
             }
-            if (ref($cachedblockers{$block}) eq 'HASH') {
-                if (ref($cachedblockers{$block}{'resources'}) eq 'HASH') {
-                    if ($cachedblockers{$block}{'resources'}{$symb}) {
+            if (ref($blockinfo{$block}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if (ref($blockinfo{$block}{'resources'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    if ($blockinfo{$block}{'resources'}{$symb}) {
                         unless (grep(/^\Q$block\E$/,@blockers)) {
                             push(@blockers,$block);
                         }
                     }
                 }
-            }
-            if (ref($cachedblockers{$block}{'maps'}) eq 'HASH') {
-                if ($cachedblockers{$block}{'maps'}{$map}) {
-                    unless (grep(/^\Q$block\E$/,@blockers)) {
-                        push(@blockers,$block);
+                if (ref($blockinfo{$block}{'maps'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    if ($blockinfo{$block}{'maps'}{$map}) {
+                        unless (grep(/^\Q$block\E$/,@blockers)) {
+                            push(@blockers,$block);
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
     }
-    return if ($noblock);
-    return @blockers;
+    unless ($noblock) { 
+        return @blockers;
+    }
+    return;
 }
 }
 
+sub deeplink_check {
+    my ($priv,$symb,$uri) = @_;
+    return unless ($env{'request.course.id'});
+    return unless ($priv eq 'bre');
+    return if ($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct');
+    return if ($env{'request.role.adv'});
+    my $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+    my $cnum = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+    my (%possibles,@symbs);
+    if (!$symb) {
+        $symb = &symbread($uri,1,1,1,\%possibles);
+    }
+    if ($symb) {
+        @symbs = ($symb);
+    } elsif (keys(%possibles)) {
+        @symbs = keys(%possibles);
+    }
+
+    my ($login,$switchrole,$allow);
+    if ($env{'request.deeplink.login'} =~ m{^\Q/tiny/$cdom/\E(\w+)$}) {
+        my $key = $1;
+        my $tinyurl;
+        my ($result,$cached)=&Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('tiny',$cdom."\0".$key);
+        if (defined($cached)) {
+             $tinyurl = $result;
+        } else {
+             my $configuname = &Apache::lonnet::get_domainconfiguser($cdom);
+             my %currtiny = &Apache::lonnet::get('tiny',[$key],$cdom,$configuname);
+             if ($currtiny{$key} ne '') {
+                 $tinyurl = $currtiny{$key};
+                 &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('tiny',$cdom."\0".$key,$currtiny{$key},600);
+             }
+        }
+        if ($tinyurl ne '') {
+            my ($cnumreq,$posslogin) = split(/\&/,$tinyurl);
+            if ($cnumreq eq $cnum) {
+                $login = $posslogin;
+            } else {
+                $switchrole = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    foreach my $symb (@symbs) {
+        last if ($allow);
+        my $deeplink = &EXT("resource.0.deeplink",$symb);
+        if ($deeplink eq '') {
+            $allow = 1;
+        } else {
+            my ($listed,$scope,$access) = split(/,/,$deeplink);
+            if ($access eq 'any') {
+                $allow = 1;
+            } elsif ($login) {
+                if ($access eq 'only') {
+                    if ($scope eq 'res') {
+                        if ($symb eq $login) {
+                            $allow = 1;
+                        }
+                    } elsif ($scope eq 'map') {
+#FIXME Compare map for $env{'request.deeplink.login'} with map for $symb
+                    } elsif ($scope eq 'rec') {
+#FIXME Recurse up for $env{'request.deeplink.login'} with map for $symb
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    my ($acctype,$item) = split(/:/,$access);
+                    if (($acctype eq 'lti') && ($env{'user.linkprotector'})) {
+                        if (grep(/^\Q$item\E$/,split(/,/,$env{'user.linkprotector'}))) {
+                            my %tinyurls = &get('tiny',[$symb],$cdom,$cnum);
+                            if (grep(/\Q$tinyurls{$symb}\E$/,split(/,/,$env{'user.linkproturis'}))) {
+                                $allow = 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } elsif (($acctype eq 'key') && ($env{'user.deeplinkkey'})) {
+                        if (grep(/^\Q$item\E$/,split(/,/,$env{'user.deeplinkkey'}))) {
+                            my %tinyurls = &get('tiny',[$symb],$cdom,$cnum);
+                            if (grep(/\Q$tinyurls{$symb}\E$/,split(/,/,$env{'user.keyedlinkuri'}))) {
+                                $allow = 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return if ($allow);
+    return 1;
+}
+
 # -------------------------------- Deversion and split uri into path an filename   
 
 #
@@ -7773,7 +9050,7 @@ sub get_symb_from_alias {
 
 sub definerole {
   if (allowed('mcr','/')) {
-    my ($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole)=@_;
+    my ($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole,$uname,$udom)=@_;
     foreach my $role (split(':',$sysrole)) {
 	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$role);
         if ($pr{'cr:s'}!~/\Q$crole\E/) { return "refused:s:$crole"; }
@@ -7801,11 +9078,19 @@ sub definerole {
             }
         }
     }
+    my $uhome;
+    if (($uname ne '') && ($udom ne '')) {
+        $uhome = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        return $uhome if ($uhome eq 'no_host');
+    } else {
+        $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+        $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+        $uhome = $env{'user.home'};
+    }
     my $command="encrypt:rolesput:$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
-                "$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
-	        "rolesdef_$rolename=".
+                "$udom:$uname:rolesdef_$rolename=".
                 escape($sysrole.'_'.$domrole.'_'.$courole);
-    return reply($command,$env{'user.home'});
+    return reply($command,$uhome);
   } else {
     return 'refused';
   }
@@ -7920,7 +9205,7 @@ sub fetch_enrollment_query {
         &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query error: '.$reply.' for '.$dom.' '.$env{'user.name'}.' for '.$queryid.' context: '.$context.' '.$cnum.' maxtries: '.$maxtries.' tries: '.$tries);
     } else {
         my @responses = split(/:/,$reply);
-        if (grep { $_ eq $homeserver } &current_machine_ids()) { 
+        if (grep { $_ eq $homeserver } &current_machine_ids()) {
             foreach my $line (@responses) {
                 my ($key,$value) = split(/=/,$line,2);
                 $$replyref{$key} = $value;
@@ -7938,7 +9223,7 @@ sub fetch_enrollment_query {
                         if ($xml_classlist =~ /^error/) {
                             &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query - autoretrieve error: '.$xml_classlist.' for '.$filename.' from server: '.$homeserver.' '.$context.' '.$cnum);
                         } else {
-                            if ( open(FILE,">$destname") ) {
+                            if ( open(FILE,">",$destname) ) {
                                 print FILE &unescape($xml_classlist);
                                 close(FILE);
                             } else {
@@ -7967,7 +9252,7 @@ sub get_query_reply {
     for (1..$loopmax) {
 	sleep($sleep);
         if (-e $replyfile.'.end') {
-	    if (open(my $fh,$replyfile)) {
+	    if (open(my $fh,"<",$replyfile)) {
 		$reply = join('',<$fh>);
 		close($fh);
 	   } else { return 'error: reply_file_error'; }
@@ -8359,6 +9644,33 @@ sub auto_validate_class_sec {
     return $response;
 }
 
+sub auto_validate_instclasses {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$owners,$classesref) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,%validations);
+    $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    unless ($homeserver eq 'no_host') {
+        my $ownerlist;
+        if (ref($owners) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            $ownerlist = join(',',@{$owners});
+        } else {
+            $ownerlist = $owners;
+        }
+        if (ref($classesref) eq 'HASH') {
+            my $classes = &freeze_escape($classesref);
+            my $response=&reply('autovalidateinstclasses:'.&escape($ownerlist).
+                                ':'.$cdom.':'.$classes,$homeserver);
+            unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+                my @items = split(/&/,$response);
+                foreach my $item (@items) {
+                    my ($key,$value) = split('=',$item);
+                    $validations{&unescape($key)} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %validations;
+}
+
 sub auto_crsreq_update {
     my ($cdom,$cnum,$crstype,$action,$ownername,$ownerdomain,$fullname,$title,
         $code,$accessstart,$accessend,$inbound) = @_;
@@ -8718,7 +10030,7 @@ sub assignrole {
             }
             if ($refused) {
                 my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($cwosec =~ m{^/?($match_domain)/($match_courseid)$});
-                if (!$selfenroll && $context eq 'course') {
+                if (!$selfenroll && (($context eq 'course') || ($context eq 'ltienroll' && $env{'request.lti.login'}))) {
                     my %crsenv;
                     if ($role eq 'cc' || $role eq 'co') {
                         %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
@@ -8738,8 +10050,12 @@ sub assignrole {
                             }
                         }
                     }
-                } elsif (($selfenroll == 1) && ($role eq 'st') && ($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
-                    $refused = '';
+                } elsif (($selfenroll == 1) && ($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+                    if ($role eq 'st') {
+                        $refused = '';
+                    } elsif (($context eq 'ltienroll') && ($env{'request.lti.login'})) {
+                        $refused = '';
+                    }
                 } elsif ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
                     my @possroles = ('st','ta','ep','in','cc','co');
                     if ((grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@possroles)) && ($env{'user.name'} ne '' && $env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
@@ -8854,7 +10170,8 @@ sub assignrole {
             &courserolelog($role,$uname,$udom,$url,$origstart,$origend,$delflag,
                            $selfenroll,$context);
         } elsif (($role eq 'li') || ($role eq 'dg') || ($role eq 'sc') ||
-                 ($role eq 'au') || ($role eq 'dc')) {
+                 ($role eq 'au') || ($role eq 'dc') || ($role eq 'dh') ||
+                 ($role eq 'da')) {
             &domainrolelog($role,$uname,$udom,$url,$origstart,$origend,$delflag,
                            $context);
         } elsif (($role eq 'ca') || ($role eq 'aa')) {
@@ -8958,7 +10275,22 @@ sub store_coowners {
 sub modifyuserauth {
     my ($udom,$uname,$umode,$upass)=@_;
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
-    unless (&allowed('mau',$udom)) { return 'refused'; }
+    my $allowed;
+    if (&allowed('mau',$udom)) {
+        $allowed = 1;
+    } elsif (($umode eq 'internal') && ($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) &&
+             ($env{'request.course.id'}) && (&allowed('mip',$env{'request.course.id'})) &&
+             (!$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.internal.nopasswdchg'})) {
+        my $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+        my $cnum = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+        if (($cdom ne '') && ($cnum ne '')) {
+            my $is_owner = &is_course_owner($cdom,$cnum);
+            if ($is_owner) {
+                $allowed = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unless ($allowed) { return 'refused'; }
     &logthis('Call to modify user authentication '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.
              $umode.' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'}.
              ' in domain '.$env{'request.role.domain'});  
@@ -9004,10 +10336,14 @@ sub modifyuser {
     my $newuser;
     if ($uhome eq 'no_host') {
         $newuser = 1;
+        unless (($umode && ($upass ne '')) || ($umode eq 'localauth') ||
+                ($umode eq 'lti')) {
+            return 'error: more information needed to create new user';
+        }
     }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Create User
     if (($uhome eq 'no_host') && 
-	(($umode && $upass) || ($umode eq 'localauth'))) {
+	(($umode && $upass) || ($umode eq 'localauth') || ($umode eq 'lti'))) {
         my $unhome='';
         if (defined($desiredhome) && &host_domain($desiredhome) eq $udom) { 
             $unhome = $desiredhome;
@@ -9295,14 +10631,19 @@ sub writecoursepref {
 
 sub createcourse {
     my ($udom,$description,$url,$course_server,$nonstandard,$inst_code,
-        $course_owner,$crstype,$cnum,$context,$category)=@_;
+        $course_owner,$crstype,$cnum,$context,$category,$callercontext)=@_;
     $url=&declutter($url);
     my $cid='';
     if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
         my $can_create = 0;
         my ($ownername,$ownerdom) = split(':',$course_owner);
         if ($udom eq $ownerdom) {
-            if (&usertools_access($ownername,$ownerdom,$category,undef,
+            my $reload;
+            if (($callercontext eq 'auto') &&
+               ($ownerdom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($ownername eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+                $reload = 'reload';
+            }
+            if (&usertools_access($ownername,$ownerdom,$category,$reload,
                                   $context)) {
                 $can_create = 1;
             }
@@ -9452,12 +10793,25 @@ sub is_course {
     my ($cdom, $cnum) = scalar(@_) == 1 ? 
          ($_[0] =~ /^($match_domain)_($match_courseid)$/)  :  @_;
 
-    return unless $cdom and $cnum;
-
-    my %courses = &courseiddump($cdom, '.', 1, '.', '.', $cnum, undef, undef,
-        '.');
-
-    return unless(exists($courses{$cdom.'_'.$cnum}));
+    return unless (($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) && ($cnum =~ /^$match_courseid$/));
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $iscourse;
+    if (grep { $_ eq $uhome } current_machine_ids()) {
+        $iscourse = &LONCAPA::Lond::is_course($cdom,$cnum);
+    } else {
+        my $hashid = $cdom.':'.$cnum;
+        ($iscourse,my $cached) = &is_cached_new('iscourse',$hashid);
+        unless (defined($cached)) {
+            my %courses = &courseiddump($cdom, '.', 1, '.', '.',
+                                        $cnum,undef,undef,'.');
+            $iscourse = 0;
+            if (exists($courses{$cdom.'_'.$cnum})) {
+                $iscourse = 1;
+            }
+            &do_cache_new('iscourse',$hashid,$iscourse,3600);
+        }
+    }
+    return unless ($iscourse);
     return wantarray ? ($cdom, $cnum) : $cdom.'_'.$cnum;
 }
 
@@ -9593,7 +10947,7 @@ sub save_selected_files {
     my ($user, $path, @files) = @_;
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
     my @other_files = &files_not_in_path($user, $path);
-    open (OUT, '>'.$tmpdir.$filename);
+    open (OUT,'>',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
     foreach my $file (@files) {
         print (OUT $env{'form.currentpath'}.$file."\n");
     }
@@ -9607,7 +10961,7 @@ sub save_selected_files {
 sub clear_selected_files {
     my ($user) = @_;
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
-    open (OUT, '>'.LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
+    open (OUT,'>',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
     print (OUT undef);
     close (OUT);
     return ("ok");    
@@ -9617,7 +10971,7 @@ sub files_in_path {
     my ($user, $path) = @_;
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
     my %return_files;
-    open (IN, '<'.LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
+    open (IN,'<',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
     while (my $line_in = <IN>) {
         chomp ($line_in);
         my @paths_and_file = split (m!/!, $line_in);
@@ -9639,7 +10993,7 @@ sub files_not_in_path {
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
     my @return_files;
     my $path_part;
-    open(IN, '<'.LONCAPA::.$filename);
+    open(IN, '<',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
     while (my $line = <IN>) {
         #ok, I know it's clunky, but I want it to work
         my @paths_and_file = split(m|/|, $line);
@@ -10624,23 +11978,40 @@ sub resdata {
     return undef;
 }
 
-sub get_domain_ltitools {
-    my ($cdom) = @_;
-    my %ltitools;
-    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('ltitools',$cdom);
+sub get_domain_lti {
+    my ($cdom,$context) = @_;
+    my ($name,%lti);
+    if ($context eq 'consumer') {
+        $name = 'ltitools';
+    } elsif ($context eq 'provider') {
+        $name = 'lti';
+    } else {
+        return %lti;
+    }
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new($name,$cdom);
     if (defined($cached)) {
         if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
-            %ltitools = %{$result};
+            %lti = %{$result};
         }
     } else {
-        my %domconfig = &get_dom('configuration',['ltitools'],$cdom);
-        if (ref($domconfig{'ltitools'}) eq 'HASH') {
-            %ltitools = %{$domconfig{'ltitools'}};
+        my %domconfig = &get_dom('configuration',[$name],$cdom);
+        if (ref($domconfig{$name}) eq 'HASH') {
+            %lti = %{$domconfig{$name}};
+            my %encdomconfig = &get_dom('encconfig',[$name],$cdom);
+            if (ref($encdomconfig{$name}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $id (keys(%lti)) {
+                    if (ref($encdomconfig{$name}{$id}) eq 'HASH') {
+                        foreach my $item ('key','secret') {
+                            $lti{$id}{$item} = $encdomconfig{$name}{$id}{$item};
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
         }
         my $cachetime = 24*60*60;
-        &do_cache_new('ltitools',$cdom,\%ltitools,$cachetime);
+        &do_cache_new($name,$cdom,\%lti,$cachetime);
     }
-    return %ltitools;
+    return %lti;
 }
 
 sub get_numsuppfiles {
@@ -10653,10 +12024,11 @@ sub get_numsuppfiles {
     unless (defined($cached)) {
         my $chome=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
         unless ($chome eq 'no_host') {
-            ($suppcount,my $errors) = (0,0);
+            ($suppcount,my $supptools,my $errors) = (0,0,0);
             my $suppmap = 'supplemental.sequence';
-            ($suppcount,$errors) = 
-                &Apache::loncommon::recurse_supplemental($cnum,$cdom,$suppmap,$suppcount,$errors);
+            ($suppcount,$supptools,$errors) =
+                &Apache::loncommon::recurse_supplemental($cnum,$cdom,$suppmap,$suppcount,
+                                                         $supptools,$errors);
         }
         &do_cache_new('suppcount',$hashid,$suppcount,600);
     }
@@ -10946,9 +12318,13 @@ sub EXT {
 	} else {
 	    $filename=$env{'request.filename'};
 	}
-	my $metadata=&metadata($filename,$what);
+        my $toolsymb;
+        if (($filename =~ /ext\.tool$/) && ($what ne '0_gradable')) {
+            $toolsymb = $symbparm;
+        }
+	my $metadata=&metadata($filename,$what,$toolsymb);
 	if (defined($metadata)) { return &get_reply([$metadata,'resource']); }
-	$metadata=&metadata($filename,'parameter_'.$what);
+	$metadata=&metadata($filename,'parameter_'.$what,$toolsymb);
 	if (defined($metadata)) { return &get_reply([$metadata,'resource']); }
 
 # ----------------------------------------------- fifth, look in rest of course
@@ -10974,7 +12350,7 @@ sub EXT {
 	    if (defined($partgeneral[0])) { return &get_reply(\@partgeneral); }
 	}
 	if ($recurse) { return undef; }
-	my $pack_def=&packages_tab_default($filename,$varname);
+	my $pack_def=&packages_tab_default($filename,$varname,$toolsymb);
 	if (defined($pack_def)) { return &get_reply([$pack_def,'resource']); }
 # ---------------------------------------------------- Any other user namespace
     } elsif ($realm eq 'environment') {
@@ -10999,6 +12375,10 @@ sub EXT {
 	if ($space eq 'name') {
 	    return $ENV{'SERVER_NAME'};
         }
+    } elsif ($realm eq 'client') {
+        if ($space eq 'remote_addr') {
+            return $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+        }
     }
     return '';
 }
@@ -11068,11 +12448,11 @@ sub sort_course_groups { # Sort groups b
 }
 
 sub packages_tab_default {
-    my ($uri,$varname)=@_;
+    my ($uri,$varname,$toolsymb)=@_;
     my (undef,$part,$name)=split(/\./,$varname);
 
     my (@extension,@specifics,$do_default);
-    foreach my $package (split(/,/,&metadata($uri,'packages'))) {
+    foreach my $package (split(/,/,&metadata($uri,'packages',$toolsymb))) {
 	my ($pack_type,$pack_part)=split(/_/,$package,2);
 	if ($pack_type eq 'default') {
 	    $do_default=1;
@@ -11139,13 +12519,14 @@ sub add_prefix_and_part {
 
 my %metaentry;
 my %importedpartids;
+my %importedrespids;
 sub metadata {
-    my ($uri,$what,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount)=@_;
+    my ($uri,$what,$toolsymb,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount)=@_;
     $uri=&declutter($uri);
     # if it is a non metadata possible uri return quickly
     if (($uri eq '') || 
 	(($uri =~ m|^/*adm/|) && 
-	     ($uri !~ m|^adm/includes|) && ($uri !~ m{/(smppg|bulletinboard|exttools?)$})) ||
+	     ($uri !~ m|^adm/includes|) && ($uri !~ m{/(smppg|bulletinboard|ext\.tool)$})) ||
         ($uri =~ m|/$|) || ($uri =~ m|/.meta$|) || ($uri =~ m{^/*uploaded/.+\.sequence$})) {
 	return undef;
     }
@@ -11164,11 +12545,72 @@ sub metadata {
 	my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('meta',$uri);
 	if (defined($cached)) { return $result->{':'.$what}; }
     }
+
+#
+# If the uri is for an external tool the file from
+# which metadata should be retrieved depends on whether
+# the tool had been configured to be gradable (set in the Course
+# Editor or Resource Editor).
+#
+# If a valid symb has been included as the third arg in the call
+# to &metadata() that can be used to retrieve the value of
+# parameter_0_gradable set for the resource, and included in the
+# uploaded map containing the tool. The value is retrieved via
+# &EXT(), if a valid symb is available.  Otherwise the value of
+# gradable in the exttool_$marker.db file for the tool instance
+# is retrieved via &get().
+#
+# When lonuserstate::traceroute() calls lonnet::EXT() for 
+# hiddenresource and encrypturl (during course initialization)
+# the map-level parameter for resource.0.gradable included in the 
+# uploaded map containing the tool will not yet have been stored
+# in the user_course_parms.db file for the user's session, so in 
+# this case fall back to retrieving gradable status from the
+# exttool_$marker.db file.
+#
+# In order to avoid an infinite loop, &metadata() will return
+# before a call to &EXT(), if the uri is for an external tool
+# and the $what for which metadata is being requested is
+# parameter_0_gradable or 0_gradable.
+#
+
+    if ($uri =~ /ext\.tool$/) {
+        if (($what eq 'parameter_0_gradable') || ($what eq '0_gradable')) {
+            return;
+        } else {
+            my ($checked,$use_passback);
+            if ($toolsymb ne '') {
+                (undef,undef,my $tooluri) = &decode_symb($toolsymb);
+                if (($tooluri eq $uri) && (&EXT('resource.0.gradable',$toolsymb))) {
+                    $checked = 1;
+                    if (&EXT('resource.0.gradable',$toolsymb) =~ /^yes$/i) {
+                        $use_passback = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($checked) {
+                my ($ignore,$cdom,$cnum,$marker) = split(m{/},$uri);
+                $marker=~s/\D//g;
+                if ($marker) {
+                    my %toolsettings=&get('exttool_'.$marker,['gradable'],$cdom,$cnum);
+                    $use_passback = $toolsettings{'gradable'};
+                }
+            }
+            if ($use_passback) {
+                $filename = '/home/httpd/html/res/lib/templates/LTIpassback.tool';
+            } else {
+                $filename = '/home/httpd/html/res/lib/templates/LTIstandard.tool';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     {
 # Imported parts would go here
-        my %importedids=();
-        my @origfileimportpartids=();
+        my @origfiletagids=();
         my $importedparts=0;
+
+# Imported responseids would go here
+        my $importedresponses=0;
 #
 # Is this a recursive call for a library?
 #
@@ -11263,27 +12705,77 @@ sub metadata {
                         my $dir=$filename;
                         $dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
                         $location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
-                       
+
+                        my $importid=$token->[2]->{'id'};
                         my $importmode=$token->[2]->{'importmode'};
-                        if ($importmode eq 'problem') {
-# Import as problem/response
-                           $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
-                        } elsif ($importmode eq 'part') {
+#
+# Check metadata for imported file to
+# see if it contained response items
+#
+                        my ($origfile,@libfilekeys);
+                        my %currmetaentry = %metaentry;
+                        @libfilekeys = split(/,/,&metadata($location,'keys',undef,undef,undef,
+                                                           $depthcount+1));
+                        if (grep(/^responseorder$/,@libfilekeys)) {
+                            my $libresponseorder = &metadata($location,'responseorder',undef,undef,
+                                                             undef,$depthcount+1);
+                            if ($libresponseorder ne '') {
+                                if ($#origfiletagids<0) {
+                                    undef(%importedrespids);
+                                    undef(%importedpartids);
+                                }
+                                my @respids = split(/\s*,\s*/,$libresponseorder);
+                                if (@respids) {
+                                    $importedrespids{$importid} = join(',',map { $importid.'_'.$_ } @respids);
+                                }
+                                if ($importedrespids{$importid} ne '') {
+                                    $importedresponses = 1;
+# We need to get the original file and the imported file to get the response order correct
+# Load and inspect original file
+                                    if ($#origfiletagids<0) {
+                                        my $origfilelocation=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.&clutter($uri);
+                                        $origfile=&getfile($origfilelocation);
+                                        @origfiletagids=($origfile=~/<((?:\w+)response|import|part)[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+# Do not overwrite contents of %metaentry hash for resource itself with 
+# hash populated for imported library file
+                        %metaentry = %currmetaentry;
+                        undef(%currmetaentry);
+                        if ($importmode eq 'part') {
 # Import as part(s)
                            $importedparts=1;
 # We need to get the original file and the imported file to get the part order correct
 # Good news: we do not need to worry about nested libraries, since parts cannot be nested
-# Load and inspect original file
-                           if ($#origfileimportpartids<0) {
-                              undef(%importedpartids);
-                              my $origfilelocation=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.&clutter($uri);
-                              my $origfile=&getfile($origfilelocation);
-                              @origfileimportpartids=($origfile=~/<(part|import)[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+# Load and inspect original file if we didn't do that already
+                           if ($#origfiletagids<0) {
+                               undef(%importedrespids);
+                               undef(%importedpartids);
+                               if ($origfile eq '') {
+                                   my $origfilelocation=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.&clutter($uri);
+                                   $origfile=&getfile($origfilelocation);
+                                   @origfiletagids=($origfile=~/<(part|import)[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+                               }
+                           }
+                           my @impfilepartids;
+# If <partorder> tag is included in metadata for the imported file
+# get the parts in the imported file from that.
+                           if (grep(/^partorder$/,@libfilekeys)) {
+                               %currmetaentry = %metaentry;
+                               my $libpartorder = &metadata($location,'partorder',undef,undef,undef,
+                                                            $depthcount+1);
+                               %metaentry = %currmetaentry;
+                               undef(%currmetaentry);
+                               if ($libpartorder ne '') {
+                                   @impfilepartids=split(/\s*,\s*/,$libpartorder);
+                               }
+                           } else {
+# If no <partorder> tag available, load and inspect imported file
+                               my $impfile=&getfile($location);
+                               @impfilepartids=($impfile=~/<part[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
                            }
-
-# Load and inspect imported file
-                           my $impfile=&getfile($location);
-                           my @impfilepartids=($impfile=~/<part[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
                            if ($#impfilepartids>=0) {
 # This problem had parts
                                $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=join(',',@impfilepartids);
@@ -11294,22 +12786,36 @@ sub metadata {
                                $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=$token->[2]->{'id'};
                            }
                         } else {
+# Import as problem or as normal import
+                            $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
+                            unless ($importmode eq 'problem') {
 # Normal import
-                           $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
-                           if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) {
-                              $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'};
-                           }
+                                if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) {
+                                    $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'};
+                                }
+                            }
+# Check metadata for imported file to
+# see if it contained parts
+                            if (grep(/^partorder$/,@libfilekeys)) {
+                                %currmetaentry = %metaentry;
+                                my $libpartorder = &metadata($location,'partorder',undef,undef,undef,
+                                                             $depthcount+1);
+                                %metaentry = %currmetaentry;
+                                undef(%currmetaentry);
+                                if ($libpartorder ne '') {
+                                    $importedparts = 1;
+                                    $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=$libpartorder;
+                                }
+                            }
                         }
-
 			if ($depthcount<20) {
 			    my $metadata = 
-				&metadata($uri,'keys', $location,$unikey,
+				&metadata($uri,'keys',$toolsymb,$location,$unikey,
 					  $depthcount+1);
 			    foreach my $meta (split(',',$metadata)) {
 				$metaentry{':'.$meta}=$metaentry{':'.$meta};
 				$metathesekeys{$meta}=1;
 			    }
-			
                         }
 		    } else {
 #
@@ -11378,7 +12884,7 @@ sub metadata {
 		$dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
 		$location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
 		my $rights_metadata =
-		    &metadata($uri,'keys',$location,'_rights',
+		    &metadata($uri,'keys',$toolsymb,$location,'_rights',
 			      $depthcount+1);
 		foreach my $rights (split(',',$rights_metadata)) {
 		    #$metaentry{':'.$rights}=$metacache{$uri}->{':'.$rights};
@@ -11392,26 +12898,57 @@ sub metadata {
 	    grep { ! $seen{$_} ++ } (split(',',$metaentry{':packages'}));
 	$metaentry{':packages'} = join(',',@uniq_packages);
 
-        if ($importedparts) {
+        if (($importedresponses) || ($importedparts)) {
+            if ($importedparts) {
 # We had imported parts and need to rebuild partorder
-           $metaentry{':partorder'}='';
-           $metathesekeys{'partorder'}=1;
-           for (my $index=0;$index<$#origfileimportpartids;$index+=2) {
-               if ($origfileimportpartids[$index] eq 'part') {
-# original part, part of the problem
-                  $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$origfileimportpartids[$index+1];
-               } else {
-# we have imported parts at this position
-                  $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$importedpartids{$origfileimportpartids[$index+1]};
-               }
-           }
-           $metaentry{':partorder'}=~s/^\,//;
+                $metaentry{':partorder'}='';
+                $metathesekeys{'partorder'}=1;
+            }
+            if ($importedresponses) {
+# We had imported responses and need to rebuil responseorder
+                $metaentry{':responseorder'}='';
+                $metathesekeys{'responseorder'}=1;
+            }
+            for (my $index=0;$index<$#origfiletagids;$index+=2) {
+                my $origid = $origfiletagids[$index+1];
+                if ($origfiletagids[$index] eq 'part') {
+# Original part, part of the problem
+                    if ($importedparts) {
+                        $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$origid;
+                    }
+                } elsif ($origfiletagids[$index] eq 'import') {
+                    if ($importedparts) {
+# We have imported parts at this position
+                        if ($importedpartids{$origid} ne '') {
+                            $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$importedpartids{$origid};
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if ($importedresponses) {
+# We have imported responses at this position
+                        if ($importedrespids{$origid} ne '') {
+                            $metaentry{':responseorder'}.=','.$importedrespids{$origid};
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+# Original response item, part of the problem
+                    if ($importedresponses) {
+                        $metaentry{':responseorder'}.=','.$origid;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($importedparts) {
+                $metaentry{':partorder'}=~s/^\,//;
+            }
+            if ($importedresponses) {
+                $metaentry{':responseorder'}=~s/^\,//;
+            }
         }
-
 	$metaentry{':keys'} = join(',',keys(%metathesekeys));
 	&metadata_generate_part0(\%metathesekeys,\%metaentry,$uri);
 	$metaentry{':allpossiblekeys'}=join(',',keys(%metathesekeys));
-	&do_cache_new('meta',$uri,\%metaentry,$cachetime);
+        unless ($liburi) {
+	    &do_cache_new('meta',$uri,\%metaentry,$cachetime);
+        }
 # this is the end of "was not already recently cached
     }
     return $metaentry{':'.$what};
@@ -11670,18 +13207,16 @@ sub symbverify {
 
     if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
                             &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-        my $noclutter;
         if (($thisurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/ext/}) || ($thisurl =~ m{^ext/})) {
             $thisurl =~ s/\?.+$//;
             if ($map =~ m{^uploaded/.+\.page$}) {
                 $thisurl =~ s{^(/adm/wrapper|)/ext/}{http://};
                 $thisurl =~ s{^\Qhttp://https://\E}{https://};
-                $noclutter = 1;
             }
         }
         my $ids;
-        if ($noclutter) {
-            $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.$thisurl};
+        if ($map =~ m{^uploaded/.+\.page$}) {
+            $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.&clutter_with_no_wrapper($thisurl)};
         } else {
             $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.&clutter($thisurl)};
         }
@@ -11781,19 +13316,22 @@ sub deversion {
 # ------------------------------------------------------ Return symb list entry
 
 sub symbread {
-    my ($thisfn,$donotrecurse,$ignorecachednull,$checkforblock,$possibles)=@_;
+    my ($thisfn,$donotrecurse,$ignorecachednull,$checkforblock,$possibles,
+        $ignoresymbdb,$noenccheck)=@_;
     my $cache_str='request.symbread.cached.'.$thisfn;
     if (defined($env{$cache_str})) {
-        if ($ignorecachednull) {
-            return $env{$cache_str} unless ($env{$cache_str} eq '');
-        } else {
-            return $env{$cache_str};
+        unless (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH') {
+            if ($ignorecachednull) {
+                return $env{$cache_str} unless ($env{$cache_str} eq '');
+            } else {
+                return $env{$cache_str};
+            }
         }
     }
 # no filename provided? try from environment
     unless ($thisfn) {
         if ($env{'request.symb'}) {
-	    return $env{$cache_str}=&symbclean($env{'request.symb'});
+            return $env{$cache_str}=&symbclean($env{'request.symb'});
 	}
 	$thisfn=$env{'request.filename'};
     }
@@ -11816,10 +13354,18 @@ sub symbread {
 	if ($targetfn =~ m|^adm/wrapper/(ext/.*)|) {
 	    $targetfn=$1;
 	}
-        if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
-                      &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-	    $syval=$hash{$targetfn};
-            untie(%hash);
+        unless ($ignoresymbdb) {
+            if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
+                          &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+	        $syval=$hash{$targetfn};
+                untie(%hash);
+            }
+            if ($syval && $checkforblock) {
+                my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking('bre',$syval,$thisfn,$ignoresymbdb,$noenccheck);
+                if (@blockers) {
+                    $syval='';
+                }
+            }
         }
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- There was an entry
         if ($syval) {
@@ -11852,13 +13398,18 @@ sub symbread {
 		     $syval=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
 						    $resid,$thisfn);
                      if (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH') {
-                         $possibles->{$syval} = 1;    
+                         unless ($bighash{'randomout_'.$ids} || $env{'request.role.adv'}) {
+                             $possibles->{$syval} = 1;
+                         }
                      }
                      if ($checkforblock) {
-                         my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking('bre',$syval,$bighash{'src_'.$ids});
-                         if (@blockers) {
-                             $syval = '';
-                             return;
+                         unless ($bighash{'randomout_'.$ids} || $env{'request.role.adv'}) {
+                             my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking('bre',$syval,$bighash{'src_'.$ids},'',$noenccheck);
+                             if (@blockers) {
+                                 $syval = '';
+                                 untie(%bighash);
+                                 return $env{$cache_str}='';
+                             }
                          }
                      }
                  } elsif ((!$donotrecurse) || ($checkforblock) || (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH')) { 
@@ -11877,12 +13428,13 @@ sub symbread {
                              if ($bighash{'map_type_'.$mapid} ne 'page') {
                                  my $poss_syval=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
 						             $resid,$thisfn);
-                                 if (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH') {
-                                     $possibles->{$syval} = 1;
-                                 }
+                                 next if ($bighash{'randomout_'.$id} && !$env{'request.role.adv'});
+                                 next unless (($noenccheck) || ($bighash{'encrypted_'.$id} eq $env{'request.enc'}));
                                  if ($checkforblock) {
-                                     my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking('bre',$poss_syval,$file);
-                                     unless (@blockers > 0) {
+                                     my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking('bre',$poss_syval,$file,'',$noenccheck);
+                                     if (@blockers > 0) {
+                                         $syval = '';
+                                     } else {
                                          $syval = $poss_syval;
                                          $realpossible++;
                                      }
@@ -11890,6 +13442,11 @@ sub symbread {
                                      $syval = $poss_syval;
                                      $realpossible++;
                                  }
+                                 if ($syval) {
+                                     if (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH') {
+                                         $possibles->{$syval} = 1;
+                                     }
+                                 }
                              }
 			 }
                      }
@@ -12421,17 +13978,17 @@ sub repcopy_userfile {
     }
 # now the path exists for sure
 # get a user agent
-    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
     my $transferfile=$file.'.in.transfer';
 # FIXME: this should flock
     if (-e $transferfile) { return 'ok'; }
     my $request;
     $uri=~s/^\///;
     my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $hostname = &hostname($homeserver);
     my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
     $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
-    $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$protocol.'://'.&hostname($homeserver).'/raw/'.$uri);
-    my $response=$ua->request($request,$transferfile);
+    $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/raw/'.$uri);
+    my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($homeserver,$request,$transferfile,\%perlvar,'',0,1);
 # did it work?
     if ($response->is_error()) {
 	unlink($transferfile);
@@ -12454,9 +14011,10 @@ sub tokenwrapper {
 	$file=~s|(\?\.*)*$||;
         &appenv({"userfile.$udom/$uname/$file" => $env{'request.course.id'}});
         my $homeserver = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        my $hostname = &hostname($homeserver);
         my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
         $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
-        return $protocol.'://'.&hostname($homeserver).'/'.$uri.
+        return $protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/'.$uri.
                (($uri=~/\?/)?'&':'?').'token='.$token.
                                '&tokenissued='.$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
     } else {
@@ -12472,12 +14030,12 @@ sub getuploaded {
     my ($reqtype,$uri,$cdom,$cnum,$info,$rtncode) = @_;
     $uri=~s/^\///;
     my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $hostname = &hostname($homeserver);
     my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
     $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
-    $uri = $protocol.'://'.&hostname($homeserver).'/raw/'.$uri;
-    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+    $uri = $protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/raw/'.$uri;
     my $request=new HTTP::Request($reqtype,$uri);
-    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+    my $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($homeserver,$request,'',\%perlvar,'',0,1);
     $$rtncode = $response->code;
     if (! $response->is_success()) {
 	return 'failed';
@@ -12494,7 +14052,7 @@ sub readfile {
     my $file = shift;
     if ( (! -e $file ) || ($file eq '') ) { return -1; };
     my $fh;
-    open($fh,"<$file");
+    open($fh,"<",$file);
     my $a='';
     while (my $line = <$fh>) { $a .= $line; }
     return $a;
@@ -12607,7 +14165,7 @@ sub machine_ids {
 
 sub additional_machine_domains {
     my @domains;
-    open(my $fh,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/expected_domains.tab");
+    open(my $fh,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/expected_domains.tab");
     while( my $line = <$fh>) {
         $line =~ s/\s//g;
         push(@domains,$line);
@@ -12628,6 +14186,65 @@ sub default_login_domain {
     return $domain;
 }
 
+sub shared_institution {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my $same_intdom;
+    my $hostintdom = &internet_dom($perlvar{'lonHostID'});
+    if ($hostintdom ne '') {
+        my %iphost = &get_iphost();
+        my $primary_id = &domain($dom,'primary');
+        my $primary_ip = &get_host_ip($primary_id);
+        if (ref($iphost{$primary_ip}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            foreach my $id (@{$iphost{$primary_ip}}) {
+                my $intdom = &internet_dom($id);
+                if ($intdom eq $hostintdom) {
+                    $same_intdom = 1;
+                    last;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $same_intdom;
+}
+
+sub uses_sts {
+    my ($ignore_cache) = @_;
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $hostname = &hostname($lonhost);
+    my $sts_on;
+    if ($protocol{$lonhost} eq 'https') {
+        my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+        if (!$ignore_cache) {
+            ($sts_on,my $cached)=&is_cached_new('stspolicy',$lonhost);
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                return $sts_on;
+            }
+        }
+        my $url = $protocol{$lonhost}.'://'.$hostname.'/index.html';
+        my $request=new HTTP::Request('HEAD',$url);
+        my $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($lonhost,$request,'',\%perlvar,'','','',1);
+        if ($response->is_success) {
+            my $has_sts = $response->header('Strict-Transport-Security');
+            if ($has_sts eq '') {
+                $sts_on = 0;
+            } else {
+                if ($has_sts =~ /\Qmax-age=\E(\d+)/) {
+                    my $maxage = $1;
+                    if ($maxage) {
+                        $sts_on = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $sts_on = 0;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $sts_on = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            return &do_cache_new('stspolicy',$lonhost,$sts_on,$cachetime);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Declutters URLs
 
 sub declutter {
@@ -12678,7 +14295,7 @@ sub clutter {
 #		&logthis("Got a blank emb style");
 	    }
 	}
-    } elsif ($thisfn =~ m{^/adm/$match_domain/$match_courseid/\d+/exttools?$}) {
+    } elsif ($thisfn =~ m{^/adm/$match_domain/$match_courseid/\d+/ext\.tool$}) {
         $thisfn='/adm/wrapper'.$thisfn;
     }
     return $thisfn;
@@ -12753,37 +14370,51 @@ sub get_dns {
     }
 
     my %alldns;
-    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab");
-    foreach my $dns (<$config>) {
-	next if ($dns !~ /^\^(\S*)/x);
-        my $line = $1;
-        my ($host,$protocol) = split(/:/,$line);
-        if ($protocol ne 'https') {
-            $protocol = 'http';
+    if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab")) {
+        foreach my $dns (<$config>) {
+	    next if ($dns !~ /^\^(\S*)/x);
+            my $line = $1;
+            my ($host,$protocol) = split(/:/,$line);
+            if ($protocol ne 'https') {
+                $protocol = 'http';
+            }
+	    $alldns{$host} = $protocol;
         }
-	$alldns{$host} = $protocol;
+        close($config);
     }
     while (%alldns) {
 	my ($dns) = sort { $b cmp $a } keys(%alldns);
-	my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
-        $ua->timeout(30);
 	my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$alldns{$dns}://$dns$url");
-	my $response=$ua->request($request);
+        my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest('',$request,'',\%perlvar,30,0);
         delete($alldns{$dns});
 	next if ($response->is_error());
-	my @content = split("\n",$response->content);
-	unless ($nocache) {
-	    &do_cache_new('dns',$url,\@content,30*24*60*60);
-	}
-	&$func(\@content,$hashref);
-	return;
+        if ($url eq '/adm/dns/loncapaCRL') {
+            return &$func($response);
+        } else {
+	    my @content = split("\n",$response->content);
+	    unless ($nocache) {
+	        &do_cache_new('dns',$url,\@content,30*24*60*60);
+	    }
+	    &$func(\@content,$hashref);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    my $which = (split('/',$url,4))[3];
+    if ($which eq 'loncapaCRL') {
+        my $diskfile = "$perlvar{'lonCertificateDirectory'}/$perlvar{'lonnetCertRevocationList'}";
+        if (-e $diskfile) {
+            &logthis("unable to contact DNS, on disk file $diskfile not updated");
+        } else {
+            &logthis("unable to contact DNS, no on disk file $diskfile available");
+        }
+    } else {
+        &logthis("unable to contact DNS defaulting to on disk file dns_$which.tab\n");
+        if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/dns_$which.tab")) {
+            my @content = <$config>;
+            close($config);
+            &$func(\@content,$hashref);
+        }
     }
-    close($config);
-    my $which = (split('/',$url))[3];
-    &logthis("unable to contact DNS defaulting to on disk file dns_$which.tab\n");
-    open($config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/dns_$which.tab");
-    my @content = <$config>;
-    &$func(\@content,$hashref);
     return;
 }
 
@@ -12843,6 +14474,79 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
     return \%checksums;
 }
 
+sub fetch_crl_pemfile {
+    return &get_dns("/adm/dns/loncapaCRL",\&save_crl_pem,1,1);
+}
+
+sub save_crl_pem {
+    my ($response) = @_;
+    my ($msg,$hadchanges);
+    if (ref($response)) {
+        my $now = time;
+        my $lonca = $perlvar{'lonCertificateDirectory'}.'/'.$perlvar{'lonnetCertificateAuthority'};
+        my $tmpcrl = $tmpdir.'/'.$perlvar{'lonnetCertRevocationList'}.'_'.$now.'.'.$$.'.tmp';
+        if (open(my $fh,'>',"$tmpcrl")) {
+            print $fh $response->content;
+            close($fh);
+            if (-e $lonca) {
+                if (open(PIPE,"openssl crl -in $tmpcrl -inform pem -CAfile $lonca -noout 2>&1 |")) {
+                    my $check = <PIPE>;
+                    close(PIPE);
+                    chomp($check);
+                    if ($check eq 'verify OK') {
+                        my $dest = "$perlvar{'lonCertificateDirectory'}/$perlvar{'lonnetCertRevocationList'}";
+                        my $backup;
+                        if (-e $dest) {
+                            if (&File::Copy::move($dest,"$dest.bak")) {
+                                $backup = 'ok';
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (&File::Copy::move($tmpcrl,$dest)) {
+                            $msg = 'ok';
+                            if ($backup) {
+                                my (%oldnums,%newnums);
+                                if (open(PIPE, "openssl crl -inform PEM -text -noout -in $dest.bak |grep 'Serial Number' |")) {
+                                    while (<PIPE>) {
+                                        $oldnums{(split(/:/))[1]} = 1;
+                                    }
+                                    close(PIPE);
+                                }
+                                if (open(PIPE, "openssl crl -inform PEM -text -noout -in $dest |grep 'Serial Number' |")) {
+                                    while(<PIPE>) {
+                                        $newnums{(split(/:/))[1]} = 1;
+                                    }
+                                    close(PIPE);
+                                }
+                                foreach my $key (sort {$b <=> $a } (keys(%newnums))) {
+                                    unless (exists($oldnums{$key})) {
+                                        $hadchanges = 1;
+                                        last;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                unless ($hadchanges) {
+                                    foreach my $key (sort {$b <=> $a } (keys(%oldnums))) {
+                                        unless (exists($newnums{$key})) {
+                                            $hadchanges = 1;
+                                            last;
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        unlink($tmpcrl);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    unlink($tmpcrl);
+                }
+            } else {
+                unlink($tmpcrl);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($msg,$hadchanges);
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Read domain file
 {
     my $loaded;
@@ -12874,7 +14578,7 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
 	my ($ignore_cache,$nocache) = @_;
 	&get_dns('/adm/dns/domain',\&parse_domain_tab,$ignore_cache,$nocache);
 	my $fh;
-	if (open($fh,"<".$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/domain.tab')) {
+	if (open($fh,"<",$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/domain.tab')) {
 	    my @lines = <$fh>;
 	    &parse_domain_tab(\@lines);
 	}
@@ -12926,8 +14630,23 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
 	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$protocol,$intdom)=split(/:/,$configline);
 	    $name=~s/\s//g;
 	    if ($id && $domain && $role && $name) {
+                if ((exists($hostname{$id})) && ($hostname{$id} ne '')) {
+                    my $curr = $hostname{$id};
+                    my $skip;
+                    if (ref($name_to_host{$curr}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                        if (($curr eq $name) && (@{$name_to_host{$curr}} == 1)) {
+                            $skip = 1;
+                        } else {
+                            @{$name_to_host{$curr}} = grep { $_ ne $id } @{$name_to_host{$curr}};
+                        }
+                    }
+                    unless ($skip) {
+                        push(@{$name_to_host{$name}},$id);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    push(@{$name_to_host{$name}},$id);
+                }
 		$hostname{$id}=$name;
-		push(@{$name_to_host{$name}}, $id);
 		$hostdom{$id}=$domain;
 		if ($role eq 'library') { $libserv{$id}=$name; }
                 if (defined($protocol)) {
@@ -12950,6 +14669,7 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
 	&purge_remembered();
 	&reset_domain_info();
 	&reset_hosts_ip_info();
+        undef(%internetdom);
 	undef(%name_to_host);
 	undef(%hostname);
 	undef(%hostdom);
@@ -12960,7 +14680,7 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
     sub load_hosts_tab {
 	my ($ignore_cache,$nocache) = @_;
 	&get_dns('/adm/dns/hosts',\&parse_hosts_tab,$ignore_cache,$nocache);
-	open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab");
+	open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab");
 	my @config = <$config>;
 	&parse_hosts_tab(\@config);
 	close($config);
@@ -12992,6 +14712,11 @@ sub fetch_dns_checksums {
         return %hostdom;
     }
 
+    sub all_host_intdom {
+        &load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+        return %internetdom;
+    }
+
     sub is_library {
 	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
 
@@ -13226,7 +14951,7 @@ sub all_loncaparevs {
 {
     sub load_loncaparevs { 
         if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab") {
-            if (open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab")) {
+            if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab")) {
                 while (my $configline=<$config>) {
                     chomp($configline);
                     my ($hostid,$loncaparev)=split(/:/,$configline);
@@ -13242,7 +14967,7 @@ sub all_loncaparevs {
 {
     sub load_serverhomeIDs {
         if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab") {
-            if (open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab")) {
+            if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab")) {
                 while (my $configline=<$config>) {
                     chomp($configline);
                     my ($name,$id)=split(/:/,$configline);
@@ -13267,7 +14992,7 @@ BEGIN {
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------ Read spare server file
 {
-    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/spare.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/spare.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
        chomp($configline);
@@ -13281,7 +15006,7 @@ BEGIN {
 }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Read permissions
 {
-    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/roles.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/roles.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
 	chomp($configline);
@@ -13295,7 +15020,7 @@ BEGIN {
 
 # -------------------------------------------- Read plain texts for permissions
 {
-    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/rolesplain.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/rolesplain.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
 	chomp($configline);
@@ -13315,7 +15040,7 @@ BEGIN {
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Read package table
 {
-    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/packages.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/packages.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
 	if ($configline !~ /\S/ || $configline=~/^#/) { next; }
@@ -13369,7 +15094,7 @@ BEGIN {
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Read managers table
 {
     if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/managers.tab") {
-        if (open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/managers.tab")) {
+        if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/managers.tab")) {
             while (my $configline=<$config>) {
                 chomp($configline);
                 next if ($configline =~ /^\#/);
@@ -13388,6 +15113,16 @@ BEGIN {
 
 }
 
+# ------------- set default texengine (domain default overrides this)
+{
+    $deftex = LONCAPA::texengine();
+}
+
+# ------------- set default minimum length for passwords for internal auth users
+{
+    $passwdmin = LONCAPA::passwd_min();
+}
+
 $memcache=new Cache::Memcached({'servers'           => ['127.0.0.1:11211'],
 				'compress_threshold'=> 20_000,
  			        });
@@ -13727,6 +15462,7 @@ prevents recursive calls to &allowed.
  2: browse allowed
  A: passphrase authentication needed
  B: access temporarily blocked because of a blocking event in a course.
+ D: access blocked because access is required via session initiated via deep-link 
 
 =item *
 
@@ -13745,9 +15481,10 @@ in which case the null string is returne
 
 =item *
 
-definerole($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole) : define role; define a custom
-role rolename set privileges in format of lonTabs/roles.tab for system, domain,
-and course level
+definerole($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole,$uname,$udom) : define role;
+define a custom role rolename set privileges in format of lonTabs/roles.tab
+for system, domain, and course level. $uname and $udom are optional (current
+user's username and domain will be used when either of $uname or $udom are absent.
 
 =item *
 
@@ -14056,6 +15793,88 @@ Returns:
 
 =back
 
+=head2 Bubblesheet Configuration
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+get_scantron_config($which)
+
+$which - the name of the configuration to parse from the file.
+
+Parses and returns the bubblesheet configuration line selected as a
+hash of configuration file fields.
+
+
+Returns:
+    If the named configuration is not in the file, an empty
+    hash is returned.
+
+    a hash with the fields
+      name         - internal name for the this configuration setup
+      description  - text to display to operator that describes this config
+      CODElocation - if 0 or the string 'none'
+                          - no CODE exists for this config
+                     if -1 || the string 'letter'
+                          - a CODE exists for this config and is
+                            a string of letters
+                     Unsupported value (but planned for future support)
+                          if a positive integer
+                               - The CODE exists as the first n items from
+                                 the question section of the form
+                          if the string 'number'
+                               - The CODE exists for this config and is
+                                 a string of numbers
+      CODEstart   - (only matter if a CODE exists) column in the line where
+                     the CODE starts
+      CODElength  - length of the CODE
+      IDstart     - column where the student/employee ID starts
+      IDlength    - length of the student/employee ID info
+      Qstart      - column where the information from the bubbled
+                    'questions' start
+      Qlength     - number of columns comprising a single bubble line from
+                    the sheet. (usually either 1 or 10)
+      Qon         - either a single character representing the character used
+                    to signal a bubble was chosen in the positional setup, or
+                    the string 'letter' if the letter of the chosen bubble is
+                    in the final, or 'number' if a number representing the
+                    chosen bubble is in the file (1->A 0->J)
+      Qoff        - the character used to represent that a bubble was
+                    left blank
+      PaperID     - if the scanning process generates a unique number for each
+                    sheet scanned the column that this ID number starts in
+      PaperIDlength - number of columns that comprise the unique ID number
+                      for the sheet of paper
+      FirstName   - column that the first name starts in
+      FirstNameLength - number of columns that the first name spans
+      LastName    - column that the last name starts in
+      LastNameLength - number of columns that the last name spans
+      BubblesPerRow - number of bubbles available in each row used to
+                      bubble an answer. (If not specified, 10 assumed).
+
+
+=item *
+
+get_scantronformat_file($cdom)
+
+$cdom - the course's domain (optional); if not supplied, uses
+domain for current $env{'request.course.id'}.
+
+Returns an array containing lines from the scantron format file for
+the domain of the course.
+
+If a url for a custom.tab file is listed in domain's configuration.db,
+lines are from this file.
+
+Otherwise, if a default.tab has been published in RES space by the
+domainconfig user, lines are from this file.
+
+Otherwise, fall back to getting lines from the legacy file on the
+local server:  /home/httpd/lonTabs/default_scantronformat.tab
+
+=back
+
 =head2 Resource Subroutines
 
 =over 4
@@ -14107,12 +15926,18 @@ condval($condidx) : value of condition i
 
 =item *
 
-metadata($uri,$what,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount) : request a
+metadata($uri,$what,$toolsymb,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount) : request a
 resource's metadata, $what should be either a specific key, or either
 'keys' (to get a list of possible keys) or 'packages' to get a list of
-packages that this resource currently uses, the last 3 arguments are only used internally for recursive metadata.
+packages that this resource currently uses, the last 3 arguments are 
+only used internally for recursive metadata.
+
+the toolsymb is only used where the uri is for an external tool (for which
+the uri as well as the symb are guaranteed to be unique).
 
-this function automatically caches all requests
+this function automatically caches all requests except any made recursively
+to retrieve a list of metadata keys for an imported library file ($liburi is 
+defined).
 
 =item *
 
@@ -14747,6 +16572,7 @@ userspace, probably shouldn't be called
   formname: same as for userfileupload()
   fname: filename (including subdirectories) for the file
   parser: if 'parse', will parse (html) file to extract references to objects, links etc.
+          if hashref, and context is scantron, will convert csv format to standard format
   allfiles: reference to hash used to store objects found by parser
   codebase: reference to hash used for codebases of java objects found by parser
   thumbwidth: width (pixels) of thumbnail to be created for uploaded image