--- loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2008/12/21 15:26:50	1.976.2.3
+++ loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2011/10/07 01:19:01	1.1056.4.32
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network
 # TCP networking package
 #
-# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.976.2.3 2008/12/21 15:26:50 raeburn Exp $
+# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.1056.4.32 2011/10/07 01:19:01 raeburn Exp $
 #
 # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
 #
@@ -73,9 +73,10 @@ package Apache::lonnet;
 use strict;
 use LWP::UserAgent();
 use HTTP::Date;
-# use Date::Parse;
+use Image::Magick;
+
 use vars qw(%perlvar %spareid %pr %prp $memcache %packagetab $tmpdir
-            $_64bit %env %protocol);
+            $_64bit %env %protocol %loncaparevs %serverhomeIDs %needsrelease);
 
 my (%badServerCache, $memcache, %courselogs, %accesshash, %domainrolehash,
     %userrolehash, $processmarker, $dumpcount, %coursedombuf,
@@ -91,8 +92,10 @@ use Time::HiRes qw( gettimeofday tv_inte
 use Cache::Memcached;
 use Digest::MD5;
 use Math::Random;
+use File::MMagic;
 use LONCAPA qw(:DEFAULT :match);
 use LONCAPA::Configuration;
+use File::Copy;
 
 my $readit;
 my $max_connection_retries = 10;     # Or some such value.
@@ -146,7 +149,8 @@ sub logthis {
     my $now=time;
     my $local=localtime($now);
     if (open(my $fh,">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.log")) {
-	print $fh "$local ($$): $message\n";
+	my $logstring = $local. " ($$): ".$message."\n"; # Keep any \'s in string.
+	print $fh $logstring;
 	close($fh);
     }
     return 1;
@@ -177,6 +181,129 @@ sub create_connection {
     return 0;
 }
 
+sub get_server_timezone {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom) = @_;
+    my $home=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    if ($home ne 'no_host') {
+        my $cachetime = 24*3600;
+        my ($timezone,$cached)=&is_cached_new('servertimezone',$home);
+        if (defined($cached)) {
+            return $timezone;
+        } else {
+            my $timezone = &reply('servertimezone',$home);
+            return &do_cache_new('servertimezone',$home,$timezone,$cachetime);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_server_distarch {
+    my ($lonhost,$ignore_cache) = @_;
+    if (defined($lonhost)) {
+        if (!defined(&hostname($lonhost))) {
+            return;
+        }
+        my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+        if (!$ignore_cache) {
+            my ($distarch,$cached)=&is_cached_new('serverdistarch',$lonhost);
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                return $distarch;
+            }
+        }
+        my $rep = &reply('serverdistarch',$lonhost);
+        unless ($rep eq 'unknown_command' || $rep eq 'no_such_host' ||
+                $rep eq 'con_lost' || $rep eq 'rejected' || $rep eq 'refused' ||
+                $rep eq '') {
+            return &do_cache_new('serverdistarch',$lonhost,$rep,$cachetime);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub get_server_loncaparev {
+    my ($dom,$lonhost,$ignore_cache,$caller) = @_;
+    if (defined($lonhost)) {
+        if (!defined(&hostname($lonhost))) {
+            undef($lonhost);
+        }
+    }
+    if (!defined($lonhost)) {
+        if (defined(&domain($dom,'primary'))) {
+            $lonhost=&domain($dom,'primary');
+            if ($lonhost eq 'no_host') {
+                undef($lonhost);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (defined($lonhost)) {
+        my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+        if (!$ignore_cache) {
+            my ($loncaparev,$cached)=&is_cached_new('serverloncaparev',$lonhost);
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                return $loncaparev;
+            }
+        }
+        my ($answer,$loncaparev);
+        my @ids=&current_machine_ids();
+        if (grep(/^\Q$lonhost\E$/,@ids)) {
+            $answer = $perlvar{'lonVersion'};
+            if ($answer =~ /^[\'\"]?([\w.\-]+)[\'\"]?$/) {
+                $loncaparev = $1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            $answer = &reply('serverloncaparev',$lonhost);
+            if (($answer eq 'unknown_cmd') || ($answer eq 'con_lost')) {
+                if ($caller eq 'loncron') {
+                    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+                    $ua->timeout(4);
+                    my $protocol = $protocol{$lonhost};
+                    $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+                    my $url = $protocol.'://'.&hostname($lonhost).'/adm/about.html';
+                    my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$url);
+                    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+                    unless ($response->is_error()) {
+                        my $content = $response->content;
+                        if ($content =~ /<p>VERSION\:\s*([\w.\-]+)<\/p>/) {
+                            $loncaparev = $1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $loncaparev = $loncaparevs{$lonhost};
+                }
+            } elsif ($answer =~ /^[\'\"]?([\w.\-]+)[\'\"]?$/) {
+                $loncaparev = $1;
+            }
+        }
+        return &do_cache_new('serverloncaparev',$lonhost,$loncaparev,$cachetime);
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_server_homeID {
+    my ($hostname,$ignore_cache,$caller) = @_;
+    unless ($ignore_cache) {
+        my ($serverhomeID,$cached)=&is_cached_new('serverhomeID',$hostname);
+        if (defined($cached)) {
+            return $serverhomeID;
+        }
+    }
+    my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+    my $serverhomeID;
+    if ($caller eq 'loncron') {
+        my @machine_ids = &machine_ids($hostname);
+        foreach my $id (@machine_ids) {
+            my $response = &reply('serverhomeID',$id);
+            unless (($response eq 'unknown_cmd') || ($response eq 'con_lost')) {
+                $serverhomeID = $response;
+                last;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($serverhomeID eq '') {
+            $serverhomeID = $machine_ids[-1];
+        }
+    } else {
+        $serverhomeID = $serverhomeIDs{$hostname};
+    }
+    return &do_cache_new('serverhomeID',$hostname,$serverhomeID,$cachetime);
+}
 
 # -------------------------------------------------- Non-critical communication
 sub subreply {
@@ -508,7 +635,7 @@ sub appenv {
 # ----------------------------------------------------- Delete from Environment
 
 sub delenv {
-    my $delthis=shift;
+    my ($delthis,$regexp) = @_;
     if (($delthis=~/user\.role/) || ($delthis=~/user\.priv/)) {
         &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
                 "Attempt to delete from environment ".$delthis);
@@ -521,10 +648,17 @@ sub delenv {
 	tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',$env{'user.environment'},
 	    (&GDBM_WRITER()|&GDBM_NOLOCK()),0640)) {
 	foreach my $key (keys(%disk_env)) {
-	    if ($key=~/^$delthis/) { 
-		delete($env{$key});
-		delete($disk_env{$key});
-	    }
+	    if ($regexp) {
+                if ($key=~/^$delthis/) {
+                    delete($env{$key});
+                    delete($disk_env{$key});
+                } 
+            } else {
+                if ($key=~/^\Q$delthis\E/) {
+		    delete($env{$key});
+		    delete($disk_env{$key});
+	        }
+            }
 	}
 	untie(%disk_env);
     }
@@ -641,13 +775,23 @@ sub overloaderror {
 # ------------------------------ Find server with least workload from spare.tab
 
 sub spareserver {
-    my ($loadpercent,$userloadpercent,$want_server_name) = @_;
+    my ($loadpercent,$userloadpercent,$want_server_name,$udom) = @_;
     my $spare_server;
     if ($userloadpercent !~ /\d/) { $userloadpercent=0; }
     my $lowest_load=($loadpercent > $userloadpercent) ? $loadpercent 
                                                      :  $userloadpercent;
-    
+    my ($uint_dom,$remotesessions);
+    if (($udom ne '') && (&domain($udom) ne '')) {
+        my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
+        $uint_dom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+        my %udomdefaults = &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_defaults($udom);
+        $remotesessions = $udomdefaults{'remotesessions'};
+    }
     foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareid{'primary'} }) {
+        if ($uint_dom) {
+            next unless (&spare_can_host($udom,$uint_dom,$remotesessions,
+                                         $try_server));
+        }
 	($spare_server, $lowest_load) =
 	    &compare_server_load($try_server, $spare_server, $lowest_load);
     }
@@ -656,6 +800,10 @@ sub spareserver {
 
     if (!$found_server) {
 	foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareid{'default'} }) {
+            if ($uint_dom) {
+                next unless (&spare_can_host($udom,$uint_dom,$remotesessions,
+                                             $try_server));
+            }
 	    ($spare_server, $lowest_load) =
 		&compare_server_load($try_server, $spare_server, $lowest_load);
 	}
@@ -666,7 +814,12 @@ sub spareserver {
         if ($protocol{$spare_server} eq 'https') {
             $protocol = $protocol{$spare_server};
         }
-	$spare_server = $protocol.'://'.&hostname($spare_server);
+        if (defined($spare_server)) {
+            my $hostname = &hostname($spare_server);
+            if (defined($hostname)) {
+	        $spare_server = $protocol.'://'.$hostname;
+            }
+        }
     }
     return $spare_server;
 }
@@ -678,7 +831,7 @@ sub compare_server_load {
     my $userloadans = &reply('userload',$try_server);
 
     if ($loadans !~ /\d/ && $userloadans !~ /\d/) {
-	next; #didn't get a number from the server
+        return ($spare_server, $lowest_load); #didn't get a number from the server
     }
 
     my $load;
@@ -721,13 +874,51 @@ sub has_user_session {
     return 0;
 }
 
+# --------- determine least loaded server in a user's domain which allows login
+
+sub choose_server {
+    my ($udom,$checkloginvia) = @_;
+    my %domconfhash = &Apache::loncommon::get_domainconf($udom);
+    my %servers = &get_servers($udom);
+    my $lowest_load = 30000;
+    my ($login_host,$hostname,$portal_path);
+    foreach my $lonhost (keys(%servers)) {
+        my $loginvia;
+        if ($checkloginvia) {
+            $loginvia = $domconfhash{$udom.'.login.loginvia_'.$lonhost};
+            if ($loginvia) {
+                my ($server,$path) = split(/:/,$loginvia);
+                ($login_host, $lowest_load) =
+                    &compare_server_load($lonhost, $login_host, $lowest_load);
+                if ($login_host eq $server) {
+                    $portal_path = $path;
+                }
+            } else {
+                ($login_host, $lowest_load) =
+                    &compare_server_load($lonhost, $login_host, $lowest_load);
+                if ($login_host eq $lonhost) {
+                    $portal_path = '';
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            ($login_host, $lowest_load) =
+                &compare_server_load($lonhost, $login_host, $lowest_load);
+        }
+    }
+    if ($login_host ne '') {
+        $hostname = &hostname($login_host);
+    }
+    return ($login_host,$hostname);
+}
+
 # --------------------------------------------- Try to change a user's password
 
 sub changepass {
     my ($uname,$udom,$currentpass,$newpass,$server,$context)=@_;
     $currentpass = &escape($currentpass);
     $newpass     = &escape($newpass);
-    my $answer = reply("encrypt:passwd:$udom:$uname:$currentpass:$newpass:$context",
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $answer = reply("encrypt:passwd:$udom:$uname:$currentpass:$newpass:$context:$lonhost",
 		       $server);
     if (! $answer) {
 	&logthis("No reply on password change request to $server ".
@@ -752,6 +943,9 @@ sub changepass {
     } elsif ($answer =~ "^refused") {
 	&logthis("$server refused to change $uname in $udom password because ".
 		 "it was sent an unencrypted request to change the password.");
+    } elsif ($answer =~ "invalid_client") {
+        &logthis("$server refused to change $uname in $udom password because ".
+                 "it was a reset by e-mail originating from an invalid server.");
     }
     return $answer;
 }
@@ -775,7 +969,7 @@ sub queryauthenticate {
 # --------- Try to authenticate user from domain's lib servers (first this one)
 
 sub authenticate {
-    my ($uname,$upass,$udom,$checkdefauth)=@_;
+    my ($uname,$upass,$udom,$checkdefauth,$clientcancheckhost)=@_;
     $upass=&escape($upass);
     $uname= &LONCAPA::clean_username($uname);
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,1);
@@ -798,7 +992,7 @@ sub authenticate {
 	    return 'no_host';
         }
     }
-    my $answer=reply("encrypt:auth:$udom:$uname:$upass:$checkdefauth",$uhome);
+    my $answer=reply("encrypt:auth:$udom:$uname:$upass:$checkdefauth:$clientcancheckhost",$uhome);
     if ($answer eq 'authorized') {
         if ($newhome) {
             &logthis("User $uname at $udom authorized by $uhome, but needs account");
@@ -816,6 +1010,88 @@ sub authenticate {
     return 'no_host';
 }
 
+sub can_host_session {
+    my ($udom,$lonhost,$remoterev,$remotesessions,$hostedsessions) = @_;
+    my $canhost = 1;
+    my $host_idn = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($lonhost);
+    if (ref($remotesessions) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($remotesessions->{'excludedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$host_idn\E$/,@{$remotesessions->{'excludedomain'}})) {
+                $canhost = 0;
+            } else {
+                $canhost = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($remotesessions->{'includedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$host_idn\E$/,@{$remotesessions->{'includedomain'}})) {
+                $canhost = 1;
+            } else {
+                $canhost = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($canhost) {
+            if ($remotesessions->{'version'} ne '') {
+                my ($reqmajor,$reqminor) = ($remotesessions->{'version'} =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)$/);
+                if ($reqmajor ne '' && $reqminor ne '') {
+                    if ($remoterev =~ /^\'?(\d+)\.(\d+)/) {
+                        my $major = $1;
+                        my $minor = $2;
+                        if (($major < $reqmajor ) ||
+                            (($major == $reqmajor) && ($minor < $reqminor))) {
+                            $canhost = 0;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        $canhost = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($canhost) {
+        if (ref($hostedsessions) eq 'HASH') {
+            my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
+            my $uint_dom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+            if (ref($hostedsessions->{'excludedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                if (($uint_dom ne '') && 
+                    (grep(/^\Q$uint_dom\E$/,@{$hostedsessions->{'excludedomain'}}))) {
+                    $canhost = 0;
+                } else {
+                    $canhost = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if (ref($hostedsessions->{'includedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                if (($uint_dom ne '') && 
+                    (grep(/^\Q$uint_dom\E$/,@{$hostedsessions->{'includedomain'}}))) {
+                    $canhost = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $canhost = 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $canhost;
+}
+
+sub spare_can_host {
+    my ($udom,$uint_dom,$remotesessions,$try_server)=@_;
+    my $canhost=1;
+    my @intdoms;
+    my $internet_names = &Apache::lonnet::get_internet_names($try_server);
+    if (ref($internet_names) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        @intdoms = @{$internet_names};
+    }
+    unless (grep(/^\Q$uint_dom\E$/,@intdoms)) {
+        my $serverhomeID = &Apache::lonnet::get_server_homeID($try_server);
+        my $serverhomedom = &Apache::lonnet::host_domain($serverhomeID);
+        my %defdomdefaults = &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_defaults($serverhomedom);
+        my $remoterev = &Apache::lonnet::get_server_loncaparev(undef,$try_server);
+        $canhost = &can_host_session($udom,$try_server,$remoterev,
+                                     $remotesessions,
+                                     $defdomdefaults{'hostedsessions'});
+    }
+    return $canhost;
+}
+
 # ---------------------- Find the homebase for a user from domain's lib servers
 
 my %homecache;
@@ -901,7 +1177,21 @@ sub idput {
     }
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------- get items from domain db files   
+# ------------------------------dump from db file owned by domainconfig user
+sub dump_dom {
+    my ($namespace,$udom,$regexp,$range)=@_;
+    if (!$udom) {
+        $udom=$env{'user.domain'};
+    }
+    my %returnhash;
+    if ($udom) {
+        my $uname = &get_domainconfiguser($udom);
+        %returnhash = &dump($namespace,$udom,$uname,$regexp,$range);
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------ get items from domain db files   
 
 sub get_dom {
     my ($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uhome)=@_;
@@ -975,30 +1265,71 @@ sub put_dom {
     }
 }
 
+# --------------------- newput for items in db file owned by domainconfig user
+sub newput_dom {
+    my ($namespace,$storehash,$udom) = @_;
+    my $result;
+    if (!$udom) {
+        $udom=$env{'user.domain'};
+    }
+    if ($udom) {
+        my $uname = &get_domainconfiguser($udom);
+        $result = &newput($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uname);
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+# --------------------- delete for items in db file owned by domainconfig user
+sub del_dom {
+    my ($namespace,$storearr,$udom)=@_;
+    if (ref($storearr) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        if (!$udom) {
+            $udom=$env{'user.domain'};
+        }
+        if ($udom) {
+            my $uname = &get_domainconfiguser($udom); 
+            return &del($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uname);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# ----------------------------------construct domainconfig user for a domain 
+sub get_domainconfiguser {
+    my ($udom) = @_;
+    return $udom.'-domainconfig';
+}
+
 sub retrieve_inst_usertypes {
     my ($udom) = @_;
     my (%returnhash,@order);
-    if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
-        my $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
-        my $rep=&reply("inst_usertypes:$udom",$uhome);
-        if ($rep =~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
-            &logthis("get_dom failed - $rep returned from $uhome in domain: $udom");
-            return (\%returnhash,\@order);
-        }
-        my ($hashitems,$orderitems) = split(/:/,$rep); 
-        my @pairs=split(/\&/,$hashitems);
-        foreach my $item (@pairs) {
-            my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
-            $key = &unescape($key);
-            next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
-            $returnhash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
-        }
-        my @esc_order = split(/\&/,$orderitems);
-        foreach my $item (@esc_order) {
-            push(@order,&unescape($item));
-        }
+    my %domdefs = &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_defaults($udom);
+    if ((ref($domdefs{'inststatustypes'}) eq 'HASH') && 
+        (ref($domdefs{'inststatusorder'}) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        %returnhash = %{$domdefs{'inststatustypes'}};
+        @order = @{$domdefs{'inststatusorder'}};
     } else {
-        &logthis("get_dom failed - no primary domain server for $udom");
+        if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
+            my $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
+            my $rep=&reply("inst_usertypes:$udom",$uhome);
+            if ($rep =~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+                &logthis("get_dom failed - $rep returned from $uhome in domain: $udom");
+                return (\%returnhash,\@order);
+            }
+            my ($hashitems,$orderitems) = split(/:/,$rep); 
+            my @pairs=split(/\&/,$hashitems);
+            foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+                $key = &unescape($key);
+                next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+                $returnhash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+            }
+            my @esc_order = split(/\&/,$orderitems);
+            foreach my $item (@esc_order) {
+                push(@order,&unescape($item));
+            }
+        } else {
+            &logthis("get_dom failed - no primary domain server for $udom");
+        }
     }
     return (\%returnhash,\@order);
 }
@@ -1227,7 +1558,6 @@ sub inst_userrules {
 sub get_domain_defaults {
     my ($domain) = @_;
     my $cachetime = 60*60*24;
-    my ($defauthtype,$defautharg,$deflang,%deftools);
     my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('domdefaults',$domain);
     if (defined($cached)) {
         if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
@@ -1236,11 +1566,15 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
     }
     my %domdefaults;
     my %domconfig =
-         &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['defaults','quotas'],$domain);
+         &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['defaults','quotas',
+                                  'requestcourses','inststatus',
+                                  'coursedefaults','usersessions'],$domain);
     if (ref($domconfig{'defaults'}) eq 'HASH') {
         $domdefaults{'lang_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'lang_def'}; 
         $domdefaults{'auth_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'auth_def'};
         $domdefaults{'auth_arg_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'auth_arg_def'};
+        $domdefaults{'timezone_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'timezone_def'};
+        $domdefaults{'datelocale_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'datelocale_def'};
     } else {
         $domdefaults{'lang_def'} = &domain($domain,'lang_def');
         $domdefaults{'auth_def'} = &domain($domain,'auth_def');
@@ -1259,6 +1593,29 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
             }
         }
     }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'requestcourses'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $item ('official','unofficial','community') {
+            $domdefaults{$item} = $domconfig{'requestcourses'}{$item};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'inststatus'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $item ('inststatustypes','inststatusorder') {
+            $domdefaults{$item} = $domconfig{'inststatus'}{$item};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $item ('canuse_pdfforms') {
+            $domdefaults{$item} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{$item};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'remote'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'remotesessions'} = $domconfig{'usersessions'}{'remote'};
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'hosted'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'hostedsessions'} = $domconfig{'usersessions'}{'hosted'};
+        }
+    }
     &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('domdefaults',$domain,\%domdefaults,
                                   $cachetime);
     return %domdefaults;
@@ -1444,7 +1801,8 @@ sub getsection {
     # If there is a role which has expired, return it.
     #
     $courseid = &courseid_to_courseurl($courseid);
-    my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$unam,$courseid);
+    my $extra = &freeze_escape({'skipcheck' => 1});
+    my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$unam,$courseid,undef,$extra);
     foreach my $key (keys(%roleshash)) {
         next if ($key !~/^\Q$courseid\E(?:\/)*(\w+)*\_st$/);
         my $section=$1;
@@ -1589,12 +1947,17 @@ sub userenvironment {
     }
     $items=~s/\&$//;
     my %returnhash=();
-    my @answer=split(/\&/,
-                &reply('get:'.$udom.':'.$unam.':environment:'.$items,
-                      &homeserver($unam,$udom)));
-    my $i;
-    for ($i=0;$i<=$#what;$i++) {
-	$returnhash{$what[$i]}=&unescape($answer[$i]);
+    my $uhome = &homeserver($unam,$udom);
+    unless ($uhome eq 'no_host') {
+        my @answer=split(/\&/, 
+            &reply('get:'.$udom.':'.$unam.':environment:'.$items,$uhome));
+        if ($#answer==0 && $answer[0] =~ /^(con_lost|error:|no_such_host)/i) {
+            return %returnhash;
+        }
+        my $i;
+        for ($i=0;$i<=$#what;$i++) {
+	    $returnhash{$what[$i]}=&unescape($answer[$i]);
+        }
     }
     return %returnhash;
 }
@@ -1790,6 +2153,8 @@ sub ssi_body {
     if ($filelink=~/^https?\:/) {
        ($output,$response)=&externalssi($filelink);
     } else {
+       $filelink .= $filelink=~/\?/ ? '&' : '?';
+       $filelink .= 'inhibitmenu=yes';
        ($output,$response)=&ssi($filelink,%form);
     }
     $output=~s|//(\s*<!--)? BEGIN LON-CAPA Internal.+?// END LON-CAPA Internal\s*(-->)?\s||gs;
@@ -1833,7 +2198,7 @@ sub ssi {
     &Apache::lonenc::check_encrypt(\$fn);
     if (%form) {
       $request=new HTTP::Request('POST',&absolute_url().$fn);
-      $request->content(join('&',map { &escape($_).'='.&escape($form{$_}) } keys %form));
+      $request->content(join('&',map { &escape($_).'='.&escape($form{$_}) } keys(%form)));
     } else {
       $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',&absolute_url().$fn);
     }
@@ -1878,6 +2243,8 @@ sub allowuploaded {
 #        path to file, source of file, instruction to parse file for objects,
 #        ref to hash for embedded objects,
 #        ref to hash for codebase of java objects.
+#        reference to scalar to accommodate mime type determined
+#          from File::MMagic if $parser = parse.
 #
 # output: url to file (if action was uploaddoc), 
 #         ok if successful, or diagnostic message otherwise (if action was propagate or copy)
@@ -1904,7 +2271,8 @@ sub allowuploaded {
 #
 
 sub process_coursefile {
-    my ($action,$docuname,$docudom,$file,$source,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase)=@_;
+    my ($action,$docuname,$docudom,$file,$source,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
+        $mimetype)=@_;
     my $fetchresult;
     my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
     if ($action eq 'propagate') {
@@ -1931,9 +2299,16 @@ sub process_coursefile {
             print $fh $env{'form.'.$source};
             close($fh);
             if ($parser eq 'parse') {
-                my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$fname,$allfiles,$codebase);
-                unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
-                    &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.'/'.$fname.' for embedded media: '.$parse_result);
+                my $mm = new File::MMagic;
+                my $type = $mm->checktype_filename($filepath.'/'.$fname);
+                if ($type eq 'text/html') {
+                    my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$fname,$allfiles,$codebase);
+                    unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
+                        &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.'/'.$fname.' for embedded media: '.$parse_result);
+                    }
+                }
+                if (ref($mimetype)) {
+                    $$mimetype = $type;
                 }
             }
             $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file,
@@ -2010,12 +2385,53 @@ sub clean_filename {
     $fname=~s/\.(\d+)(?=\.)/_$1/g;
     return $fname;
 }
+# This Function checks if an Image's dimensions exceed either $resizewidth (width) 
+# or $resizeheight (height) - both pixels. If so, the image is scaled to produce an 
+# image with the same aspect ratio as the original, but with dimensions which do 
+# not exceed $resizewidth and $resizeheight.
+ 
+sub resizeImage {
+    my ($img_path,$resizewidth,$resizeheight) = @_;
+    my $ima = Image::Magick->new;
+    my $resized;
+    if (-e $img_path) {
+        $ima->Read($img_path);
+        if (($resizewidth =~ /^\d+$/) && ($resizeheight > 0)) {
+            my $width = $ima->Get('width');
+            my $height = $ima->Get('height');
+            if ($width > $resizewidth) {
+	        my $factor = $width/$resizewidth;
+                my $newheight = $height/$factor;
+                $ima->Scale(width=>$resizewidth,height=>$newheight);
+                $resized = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (($resizeheight =~ /^\d+$/) && ($resizeheight > 0)) {
+            my $width = $ima->Get('width');
+            my $height = $ima->Get('height');
+            if ($height > $resizeheight) {
+                my $factor = $height/$resizeheight;
+                my $newwidth = $width/$factor;
+                $ima->Scale(width=>$newwidth,height=>$resizeheight);
+                $resized = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($resized) {
+            $ima->Write($img_path);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
 
 # --------------- Take an uploaded file and put it into the userfiles directory
 # input: $formname - the contents of the file are in $env{"form.$formname"}
-#                    the desired filenam is in $env{"form.$formname.filename"}
-#        $coursedoc - if true up to the current course
-#                     if false
+#                    the desired filename is in $env{"form.$formname.filename"}
+#        $context - possible values: coursedoc, existingfile, overwrite, 
+#                                    canceloverwrite, or ''.
+#                   if 'coursedoc': upload to the current course
+#                   if 'existingfile': write file to tmp/overwrites directory
+#                   if 'canceloverwrite': delete file written to tmp/overwrites directory
+#                   $context is passed as argument to &finishuserfileupload 
 #        $subdir - directory in userfile to store the file into
 #        $parser - instruction to parse file for objects ($parser = parse)    
 #        $allfiles - reference to hash for embedded objects
@@ -2024,38 +2440,62 @@ sub clean_filename {
 #        $dsetudom - domain for permanaent storage of uploaded file
 #        $thumbwidth - width (pixels) of thumbnail to make for uploaded image 
 #        $thumbheight - height (pixels) of thumbnail to make for uploaded image
+#        $resizewidth - width (pixels) to which to resize uploaded image
+#        $resizeheight - height (pixels) to which to resize uploaded image
+#        $mimetype - reference to scalar to accommodate mime type determined
+#                    from File::MMagic if $parser = parse.
 # 
 # output: url of file in userspace, or error: <message> 
 #             or /adm/notfound.html if failure to upload occurse
 
-
 sub userfileupload {
-    my ($formname,$coursedoc,$subdir,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,$destuname,
-        $destudom,$thumbwidth,$thumbheight)=@_;
+    my ($formname,$context,$subdir,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,$destuname,
+        $destudom,$thumbwidth,$thumbheight,$resizewidth,$resizeheight,$mimetype)=@_;
     if (!defined($subdir)) { $subdir='unknown'; }
     my $fname=$env{'form.'.$formname.'.filename'};
     $fname=&clean_filename($fname);
-# See if there is anything left
+    # See if there is anything left
     unless ($fname) { return 'error: no uploaded file'; }
-    chop($env{'form.'.$formname});
-    if (($formname eq 'screenshot') && ($subdir eq 'helprequests')) { #files uploaded to help request form are handled differently
+    # Files uploaded to help request form, or uploaded to "create course" page are handled differently
+    if ((($formname eq 'screenshot') && ($subdir eq 'helprequests')) ||
+        (($formname eq 'coursecreatorxml') && ($subdir eq 'batchupload')) ||
+         ($context eq 'existingfile') || ($context eq 'canceloverwrite')) {
         my $now = time;
-        my $filepath = 'tmp/helprequests/'.$now;
-        my @parts=split(/\//,$filepath);
-        my $fullpath = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-        for (my $i=0;$i<@parts;$i++) {
-            $fullpath .= '/'.$parts[$i];
-            if ((-e $fullpath)!=1) {
-                mkdir($fullpath,0777);
+        my $filepath;
+        if (($formname eq 'screenshot') && ($subdir eq 'helprequests')) {
+             $filepath = 'tmp/helprequests/'.$now;
+        } elsif (($formname eq 'coursecreatorxml') && ($subdir eq 'batchupload')) {
+             $filepath = 'tmp/addcourse/'.$destudom.'/web/'.$env{'user.name'}.
+                         '_'.$env{'user.domain'}.'/pending';
+        } elsif (($context eq 'existingfile') || ($context eq 'canceloverwrite')) {
+            my ($docuname,$docudom);
+            if ($destudom) {
+                $docudom = $destudom;
+            } else {
+                $docudom = $env{'user.domain'};
+            }
+            if ($destuname) {
+                $docuname = $destuname;
+            } else {
+                $docuname = $env{'user.name'};
+            }
+            if (exists($env{'form.group'})) {
+                $docuname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+                $docudom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+            }
+            $filepath = 'tmp/overwrites/'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$subdir;
+            if ($context eq 'canceloverwrite') {
+                my $tempfile =  $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/'.$filepath.'/'.$fname;
+                if (-e  $tempfile) {
+                    my @info = stat($tempfile);
+                    if ($info[9] eq $env{'form.timestamp'}) {
+                        unlink($tempfile);
+                    }
+                }
+                return;
             }
         }
-        open(my $fh,'>'.$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
-        print $fh $env{'form.'.$formname};
-        close($fh);
-        return $fullpath.'/'.$fname;
-    } elsif (($formname eq 'coursecreatorxml') && ($subdir eq 'batchupload')) { #files uploaded to create course page are handled differently
-        my $filepath = 'tmp/addcourse/'.$destudom.'/web/'.$env{'user.name'}.
-                       '_'.$env{'user.domain'}.'/pending';
+        # Create the directory if not present
         my @parts=split(/\//,$filepath);
         my $fullpath = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
         for (my $i=0;$i<@parts;$i++) {
@@ -2067,31 +2507,39 @@ sub userfileupload {
         open(my $fh,'>'.$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
         print $fh $env{'form.'.$formname};
         close($fh);
-        return $fullpath.'/'.$fname;
+        if ($context eq 'existingfile') {
+            my @info = stat($fullpath.'/'.$fname);
+            return ($fullpath.'/'.$fname,$info[9]);
+        } else {
+            return $fullpath.'/'.$fname;
+        }
     }
-    
-# Create the directory if not present
-    $fname="$subdir/$fname";
-    if ($coursedoc) {
+    if ($subdir eq 'scantron') {
+        $fname = 'scantron_orig_'.$fname;
+    } else {
+        $fname="$subdir/$fname";
+    }
+    if ($context eq 'coursedoc') {
 	my $docuname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
 	my $docudom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
         if ($env{'form.folder'} =~ m/^(default|supplemental)/) {
             return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,
 					 $formname,$fname,$parser,$allfiles,
-					 $codebase,$thumbwidth,$thumbheight);
+					 $codebase,$thumbwidth,$thumbheight,
+                                         $resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype);
         } else {
             $fname=$env{'form.folder'}.'/'.$fname;
             return &process_coursefile('uploaddoc',$docuname,$docudom,
 				       $fname,$formname,$parser,
-				       $allfiles,$codebase);
+				       $allfiles,$codebase,$mimetype);
         }
     } elsif (defined($destuname)) {
         my $docuname=$destuname;
         my $docudom=$destudom;
 	return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,$formname,$fname,
 				     $parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
-                                     $thumbwidth,$thumbheight);
-        
+                                     $thumbwidth,$thumbheight,
+                                     $resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype);
     } else {
         my $docuname=$env{'user.name'};
         my $docudom=$env{'user.domain'};
@@ -2101,15 +2549,17 @@ sub userfileupload {
         }
 	return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,$formname,$fname,
 				     $parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
-                                     $thumbwidth,$thumbheight);
+                                     $thumbwidth,$thumbheight,
+                                     $resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype);
     }
 }
 
 sub finishuserfileupload {
     my ($docuname,$docudom,$formname,$fname,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
-        $thumbwidth,$thumbheight) = @_;
+        $thumbwidth,$thumbheight,$resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype) = @_;
     my $path=$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/';
     my $filepath=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
+  
     my ($fnamepath,$file,$fetchthumb);
     $file=$fname;
     if ($fname=~m|/|) {
@@ -2124,6 +2574,7 @@ sub finishuserfileupload {
 	    mkdir($filepath,0777);
         }
     }
+
 # Save the file
     {
 	if (!open(FH,'>'.$filepath.'/'.$file)) {
@@ -2131,19 +2582,49 @@ sub finishuserfileupload {
 	    print STDERR ('Failed to create '.$filepath.'/'.$file."\n");
 	    return '/adm/notfound.html';
 	}
-	if (!print FH ($env{'form.'.$formname})) {
+        if ($context eq 'overwrite') {
+            my $source =  $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/overwrites/'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$fname;
+            my $target = $filepath.'/'.$file;
+            if (-e $source) {
+                my @info = stat($source);
+                if ($info[9] eq $env{'form.timestamp'}) {
+                    unless (&File::Copy::move($source,$target)) {
+                        &logthis('Failed to overwrite '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
+                        return "Moving from $source failed";
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    return "Temporary file: $source had unexpected date/time for last modification";
+                }
+            } else {
+                return "Temporary file: $source missing";
+            }
+	} elsif (!print FH ($env{'form.'.$formname})) {
 	    &logthis('Failed to write to '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
 	    print STDERR ('Failed to write to '.$filepath.'/'.$file."\n");
 	    return '/adm/notfound.html';
 	}
 	close(FH);
+        if ($resizewidth && $resizeheight) {
+            my $mm = new File::MMagic;
+            my $mime_type = $mm->checktype_filename($filepath.'/'.$file);
+            if ($mime_type =~ m{^image/}) {
+	        &resizeImage($filepath.'/'.$file,$resizewidth,$resizeheight);
+            }  
+	}
     }
     if ($parser eq 'parse') {
-        my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$file,$allfiles,
-						   $codebase);
-        unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
-            &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.$file.
-		     ' for embedded media: '.$parse_result); 
+        my $mm = new File::MMagic;
+        my $type = $mm->checktype_filename($filepath.'/'.$file);
+        if ($type eq 'text/html') {
+            my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$file,
+                                                       $allfiles,$codebase);
+            unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
+                &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.$file.
+	   	         ' for embedded media: '.$parse_result); 
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($mimetype)) {
+            $$mimetype = $type;
         }
     }
     if (($thumbwidth =~ /^\d+$/) && ($thumbheight =~ /^\d+$/)) {
@@ -2158,7 +2639,7 @@ sub finishuserfileupload {
  
 # Notify homeserver to grep it
 #
-    my $docuhome=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    my $docuhome=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);	
     my $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$path.$file,$docuhome);
     if ($fetchresult eq 'ok') {
         if ($fetchthumb) {
@@ -2290,21 +2771,21 @@ sub add_filetype {
 }
 
 sub removeuploadedurl {
-    my ($url)=@_;
-    my (undef,undef,$udom,$uname,$fname)=split('/',$url,5);
+    my ($url)=@_;	
+    my (undef,undef,$udom,$uname,$fname)=split('/',$url,5);    
     return &removeuserfile($uname,$udom,$fname);
 }
 
 sub removeuserfile {
     my ($docuname,$docudom,$fname)=@_;
-    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);    
     my $result = &reply("removeuserfile:$docudom/$docuname/$fname",$home);
-    if ($result eq 'ok') {
+    if ($result eq 'ok') {	
         if (($fname !~ /\.meta$/) && (&is_portfolio_file($fname))) {
             my $metafile = $fname.'.meta';
             my $metaresult = &removeuserfile($docuname,$docudom,$metafile); 
 	    my $url = "/uploaded/$docudom/$docuname/$fname";
-            my ($file,$group) = (&parse_portfolio_url($url))[3,4];
+            my ($file,$group) = (&parse_portfolio_url($url))[3,4];	   
             my $sqlresult = 
                 &update_portfolio_table($docuname,$docudom,$file,
                                         'portfolio_metadata',$group,
@@ -2447,7 +2928,7 @@ sub flushcourselogs {
 # Reverse lookup of domain roles (dc, ad, li, sc, au)
 #
     my %domrolebuffer = ();
-    foreach my $entry (keys %domainrolehash) {
+    foreach my $entry (keys(%domainrolehash)) {
         my ($role,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec)=split(/:/,$entry);
         if ($domrolebuffer{$rudom}) {
             $domrolebuffer{$rudom}.='&'.&escape($entry).
@@ -2552,7 +3033,7 @@ sub userrolelog {
     if (($trole=~/^ca/) || ($trole=~/^aa/) ||
         ($trole=~/^in/) || ($trole=~/^cc/) ||
         ($trole=~/^ep/) || ($trole=~/^cr/) ||
-        ($trole=~/^ta/)) {
+        ($trole=~/^ta/) || ($trole=~/^co/)) {
        my (undef,$rudom,$runame,$rsec)=split(/\//,$area);
        $userrolehash
          {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$runame.':'.$rudom.':'.$rsec}
@@ -2561,7 +3042,8 @@ sub userrolelog {
     if (($env{'request.role'} =~ /dc\./) &&
 	(($trole=~/^au/) || ($trole=~/^in/) ||
 	 ($trole=~/^cc/) || ($trole=~/^ep/) ||
-	 ($trole=~/^cr/) || ($trole=~/^ta/))) {
+	 ($trole=~/^cr/) || ($trole=~/^ta/) ||
+         ($trole=~/^co/))) {
        $userrolehash
          {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}.':'}
                     =$tend.':'.$tstart;
@@ -2582,7 +3064,8 @@ sub courserolelog {
     if (($trole eq 'cc') || ($trole eq 'in') ||
         ($trole eq 'ep') || ($trole eq 'ad') ||
         ($trole eq 'ta') || ($trole eq 'st') ||
-        ($trole=~/^cr/) || ($trole eq 'gr')) {
+        ($trole=~/^cr/) || ($trole eq 'gr') ||
+        ($trole eq 'co')) {
         if ($area =~ m-^/($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/?([^/]*)-) {
             my $cdom = $1;
             my $cnum = $2;
@@ -2602,6 +3085,9 @@ sub courserolelog {
                 $storehash{'section'} = $sec;
             }
             &instructor_log($namespace,\%storehash,$delflag,$username,$domain,$cnum,$cdom);
+            if (($trole ne 'st') || ($sec ne '')) {
+                &devalidate_cache_new('getcourseroles',$cdom.'_'.$cnum);
+            }
         }
     }
     return;
@@ -2611,6 +3097,7 @@ sub get_course_adv_roles {
     my ($cid,$codes) = @_;
     $cid=$env{'request.course.id'} unless (defined($cid));
     my %coursehash=&coursedescription($cid);
+    my $crstype = &Apache::loncommon::course_type($cid);
     my %nothide=();
     foreach my $user (split(/\s*\,\s*/,$coursehash{'nothideprivileged'})) {
         if ($user !~ /:/) {
@@ -2623,15 +3110,29 @@ sub get_course_adv_roles {
     my %dumphash=
             &dump('nohist_userroles',$coursehash{'domain'},$coursehash{'num'});
     my $now=time;
-    foreach my $entry (keys %dumphash) {
+    my %privileged;
+    foreach my $entry (keys(%dumphash)) {
 	my ($tend,$tstart)=split(/\:/,$dumphash{$entry});
         if (($tstart) && ($tstart<0)) { next; }
         if (($tend) && ($tend<$now)) { next; }
         if (($tstart) && ($now<$tstart)) { next; }
         my ($role,$username,$domain,$section)=split(/\:/,$entry);
 	if ($username eq '' || $domain eq '') { next; }
-	if ((&privileged($username,$domain)) && 
-	    (!$nothide{$username.':'.$domain})) { next; }
+        unless (ref($privileged{$domain}) eq 'HASH') {
+            my %dompersonnel =
+                &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_roles($domain,['dc'],$now,$now);
+            $privileged{$domain} = {};
+            foreach my $server (keys(%dompersonnel)) {
+                if (ref($dompersonnel{$server}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    foreach my $user (keys(%{$dompersonnel{$server}})) {
+                        my ($trole,$uname,$udom) = split(/:/,$user);
+                        $privileged{$udom}{$uname} = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if ((exists($privileged{$domain}{$username})) && 
+            (!$nothide{$username.':'.$domain})) { next; }
 	if ($role eq 'cr') { next; }
         if ($codes) {
             if ($section) { $role .= ':'.$section; }
@@ -2641,7 +3142,7 @@ sub get_course_adv_roles {
                 $returnhash{$role}=$username.':'.$domain;
             }
         } else {
-            my $key=&plaintext($role);
+            my $key=&plaintext($role,$crstype);
             if ($section) { $key.=' ('.&Apache::lonlocal::mt('Section [_1]',$section).')'; }
             if ($returnhash{$key}) {
 	        $returnhash{$key}.=','.$username.':'.$domain;
@@ -2659,7 +3160,8 @@ sub get_my_roles {
     unless (defined($udom)) { $udom=$env{'user.domain'}; }
     my (%dumphash,%nothide);
     if ($context eq 'userroles') { 
-        %dumphash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname);
+        my $extra = &freeze_escape({'skipcheck' => 1});
+        %dumphash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname,'.',undef,$extra);
     } else {
         %dumphash=
             &dump('nohist_userroles',$udom,$uname);
@@ -2676,6 +3178,7 @@ sub get_my_roles {
     }
     my %returnhash=();
     my $now=time;
+    my %privileged;
     foreach my $entry (keys(%dumphash)) {
         my ($role,$tend,$tstart);
         if ($context eq 'userroles') {
@@ -2724,9 +3227,32 @@ sub get_my_roles {
             }
         }
         if ($hidepriv) {
-            if ((&privileged($username,$domain)) &&
-                (!$nothide{$username.':'.$domain})) { 
-                next;
+            if ($context eq 'userroles') {
+                if ((&privileged($username,$domain)) &&
+                    (!$nothide{$username.':'.$domain})) {
+                    next;
+                }
+            } else {
+                unless (ref($privileged{$domain}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    my %dompersonnel =
+                        &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_roles($domain,['dc'],$now,$now);
+                    $privileged{$domain} = {};
+                    if (keys(%dompersonnel)) {
+                        foreach my $server (keys(%dompersonnel)) {
+                            if (ref($dompersonnel{$server}) eq 'HASH') {
+                                foreach my $user (keys(%{$dompersonnel{$server}})) {
+                                    my ($trole,$uname,$udom) = split(/:/,$user);
+                                    $privileged{$udom}{$uname} = $trole;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if (exists($privileged{$domain}{$username})) {
+                    if (!$nothide{$username.':'.$domain}) {
+                        next;
+                    }
+                }
             }
         }
         if ($withsec) {
@@ -2774,6 +3300,7 @@ sub getannounce {
 
 sub courseidput {
     my ($domain,$storehash,$coursehome,$caller) = @_;
+    return unless (ref($storehash) eq 'HASH');
     my $outcome;
     if ($caller eq 'timeonly') {
         my $cids = '';
@@ -2812,7 +3339,8 @@ sub courseidput {
 sub courseiddump {
     my ($domfilter,$descfilter,$sincefilter,$instcodefilter,$ownerfilter,
         $coursefilter,$hostidflag,$hostidref,$typefilter,$regexp_ok,
-        $selfenrollonly,$catfilter,$showhidden,$caller)=@_;
+        $selfenrollonly,$catfilter,$showhidden,$caller,$cloner,$cc_clone,
+        $cloneonly,$createdbefore,$createdafter,$creationcontext,$domcloner)=@_;
     my $as_hash = 1;
     my %returnhash;
     if (!$domfilter) { $domfilter=''; }
@@ -2831,7 +3359,11 @@ sub courseiddump {
                          ':'.&escape($coursefilter).':'.&escape($typefilter).
                          ':'.&escape($regexp_ok).':'.$as_hash.':'.
                          &escape($selfenrollonly).':'.&escape($catfilter).':'.
-                         $showhidden.':'.$caller,$tryserver);
+                         $showhidden.':'.$caller.':'.&escape($cloner).':'.
+                         &escape($cc_clone).':'.$cloneonly.':'.
+                         &escape($createdbefore).':'.&escape($createdafter).':'.
+                         &escape($creationcontext).':'.$domcloner,
+                         $tryserver);
                 my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
                 foreach my $item (@pairs) {
                     my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$item,2);
@@ -2846,7 +3378,7 @@ sub courseiddump {
                         for (my $i=0; $i<@responses; $i++) {
                             $returnhash{$key}{$items[$i]} = &unescape($responses[$i]);
                         }
-                    } 
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -2854,6 +3386,49 @@ sub courseiddump {
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
+sub courselastaccess {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$hostidref) = @_;
+    my %returnhash;
+    if ($cdom && $cnum) {
+        my $chome = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+        if ($chome ne 'no_host') {
+            my $rep = &reply('courselastaccess:'.$cdom.':'.$cnum,$chome);
+            &extract_lastaccess(\%returnhash,$rep);
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (!$cdom) { $cdom=''; }
+        my %libserv = &all_library();
+        foreach my $tryserver (keys(%libserv)) {
+            if (ref($hostidref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                next unless (grep(/^\Q$tryserver\E$/,@{$hostidref}));
+            } 
+            if (($cdom eq '') || (&host_domain($tryserver) eq $cdom)) {
+                my $rep = &reply('courselastaccess:'.&host_domain($tryserver).':',$tryserver);
+                &extract_lastaccess(\%returnhash,$rep);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+sub extract_lastaccess {
+    my ($returnhash,$rep) = @_;
+    if (ref($returnhash) eq 'HASH') {
+        unless ($rep eq 'unknown_command' || $rep eq 'no_such_host' || 
+                $rep eq 'con_lost' || $rep eq 'rejected' || $rep eq 'refused' ||
+                 $rep eq '') {
+            my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+            foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$item,2);
+                $key = &unescape($key);
+                next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+                $returnhash->{$key} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- DC e-mail
 
 sub dcmailput {
@@ -2886,10 +3461,10 @@ sub dcmaildump {
 
 sub get_domain_roles {
     my ($dom,$roles,$startdate,$enddate)=@_;
-    if (undef($startdate) || $startdate eq '') {
+    if ((!defined($startdate)) || ($startdate eq '')) {
         $startdate = '.';
     }
-    if (undef($enddate) || $enddate eq '') {
+    if ((!defined($enddate)) || ($enddate eq '')) {
         $enddate = '.';
     }
     my $rolelist;
@@ -3139,7 +3714,7 @@ sub hashref2str {
       $result.='=';
       #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($key))." skipping.");
     } else {
-	if ($key) {$result.=&escape($key).'=';} else { last; }
+        if (defined($key)) {$result.=&escape($key).'=';} else { last; }
     }
 
     if(ref($hashref->{$key}) eq 'ARRAY') {
@@ -3296,7 +3871,7 @@ sub tmpreset {
   if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
 	  $path.'/tmpstore_'.$stuname.'_'.$domain.'_'.$namespace.'.db',
 	  &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-    foreach my $key (keys %hash) {
+    foreach my $key (keys(%hash)) {
       if ($key=~ /:$symb/) {
 	delete($hash{$key});
       }
@@ -3573,13 +4148,54 @@ sub coursedescription {
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
+sub update_released_required {
+    my ($needsrelease,$cdom,$cnum,$chome,$cid) = @_;
+    if ($cdom eq '' || $cnum eq '' || $chome eq '' || $cid eq '') {
+        $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
+        $cdom = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+        $cnum = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'};
+        $chome = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.home'};
+    }
+    if ($needsrelease) {
+        my %curr_reqd_hash = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,'internal.releaserequired');
+        my $needsupdate;
+        if ($curr_reqd_hash{'internal.releaserequired'} eq '') {
+            $needsupdate = 1;
+        } else {
+            my ($currmajor,$currminor) = split(/\./,$curr_reqd_hash{'internal.releaserequired'});
+            my ($needsmajor,$needsminor) = split(/\./,$needsrelease);
+            if (($currmajor < $needsmajor) || ($currmajor == $needsmajor && $currminor < $needsminor)) {
+                $needsupdate = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($needsupdate) {
+            my %needshash = (
+                             'internal.releaserequired' => $needsrelease,
+                            );
+            my $putresult = &put('environment',\%needshash,$cdom,$cnum);
+            if ($putresult eq 'ok') {
+                &appenv({'course.'.$cid.'.internal.releaserequired' => $needsrelease});
+                my %crsinfo = &courseiddump($cdom,'.',1,'.','.',$cnum,undef,undef,'.');
+                if (ref($crsinfo{$cid}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    $crsinfo{$cid}{'releaserequired'} = $needsrelease;
+                    &courseidput($cdom,\%crsinfo,$chome,'notime');
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 # -------------------------------------------------See if a user is privileged
 
 sub privileged {
     my ($username,$domain)=@_;
     my $rolesdump=&reply("dump:$domain:$username:roles",
 			&homeserver($username,$domain));
-    if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '')) { return 0; }
+    if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '') || 
+        ($rolesdump =~ /^error:/)) {
+        return 0;
+    }
     my $now=time;
     if ($rolesdump ne '') {
         foreach my $entry (split(/&/,$rolesdump)) {
@@ -3607,13 +4223,16 @@ sub privileged {
 
 sub rolesinit {
     my ($domain,$username,$authhost)=@_;
-    my %userroles;
-    my $rolesdump=reply("dump:$domain:$username:roles",$authhost);
-    if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '')) { return \%userroles; }
+    my $now=time;
+    my %userroles = ('user.login.time' => $now);
+    my $extra = &freeze_escape({'skipcheck' => 1});
+    my $rolesdump=reply("dump:$domain:$username:roles:.::$extra",$authhost);
+    if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '') || 
+        ($rolesdump =~ /^error:/)) {
+        return \%userroles;
+    }
     my %allroles=();
     my %allgroups=();   
-    my $now=time;
-    %userroles = ('user.login.time' => $now);
     my $group_privs;
 
     if ($rolesdump ne '') {
@@ -3679,6 +4298,9 @@ sub custom_roleprivs {
         if (($rdummy ne 'con_lost') && ($roledef ne '')) {
             my ($syspriv,$dompriv,$coursepriv)=split(/\_/,$roledef);
             if (defined($syspriv)) {
+                if ($trest =~ /^$match_community$/) {
+                    $syspriv =~ s/bre\&S//; 
+                }
                 $$allroles{'cm./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
                 $$allroles{$spec.'./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
             }
@@ -3727,23 +4349,36 @@ sub standard_roleprivs {
 }
 
 sub set_userprivs {
-    my ($userroles,$allroles,$allgroups) = @_; 
+    my ($userroles,$allroles,$allgroups,$groups_roles) = @_; 
     my $author=0;
     my $adv=0;
     my %grouproles = ();
     if (keys(%{$allgroups}) > 0) {
-        foreach my $role (keys %{$allroles}) {
-            my ($trole,$area,$sec,$extendedarea);
-            if ($role =~ m-^(\w+|cr/$match_domain/$match_username/\w+)\.(/$match_domain/$match_courseid)(/?\w*)\.-) {
-                $trole = $1;
-                $area = $2;
-                $sec = $3;
-                $extendedarea = $area.$sec;
-                if (exists($$allgroups{$area})) {
-                    foreach my $group (keys(%{$$allgroups{$area}})) {
-                        my $spec = $trole.'.'.$extendedarea;
-                        $grouproles{$spec.'.'.$area.'/'.$group} = 
+        my @groupkeys;
+        foreach my $role (keys(%{$allroles})) {
+            push(@groupkeys,$role);
+        }
+        if (ref($groups_roles) eq 'HASH') {
+            foreach my $key (keys(%{$groups_roles})) {
+                unless (grep(/^\Q$key\E$/,@groupkeys)) {
+                    push(@groupkeys,$key);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (@groupkeys > 0) {
+            foreach my $role (@groupkeys) {
+                my ($trole,$area,$sec,$extendedarea);
+                if ($role =~ m-^(\w+|cr/$match_domain/$match_username/\w+)\.(/$match_domain/$match_courseid)(/?\w*)\.-) {
+                    $trole = $1;
+                    $area = $2;
+                    $sec = $3;
+                    $extendedarea = $area.$sec;
+                    if (exists($$allgroups{$area})) {
+                        foreach my $group (keys(%{$$allgroups{$area}})) {
+                            my $spec = $trole.'.'.$extendedarea;
+                            $grouproles{$spec.'.'.$area.'/'.$group} = 
                                                 $$allgroups{$area}{$group};
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -3775,6 +4410,128 @@ sub set_userprivs {
     return ($author,$adv);
 }
 
+sub role_status {
+    my ($rolekey,$then,$refresh,$now,$role,$where,$trolecode,$tstatus,$tstart,$tend) = @_;
+    my @pwhere = ();
+    if (exists($env{$rolekey}) && $env{$rolekey} ne '') {
+        (undef,undef,$$role,@pwhere)=split(/\./,$rolekey);
+        unless (!defined($$role) || $$role eq '') {
+            $$where=join('.',@pwhere);
+            $$trolecode=$$role.'.'.$$where;
+            ($$tstart,$$tend)=split(/\./,$env{$rolekey});
+            $$tstatus='is';
+            if ($$tstart && $$tstart>$then) {
+                $$tstatus='future';
+                if ($$tstart<$now) {
+                    if ($$tstart && $$tstart>$refresh) {
+                        if (($$where ne '') && ($$role ne '')) {
+                            my (%allroles,%allgroups,$group_privs,
+                                %groups_roles,@rolecodes);
+                            my %userroles = (
+                                'user.role.'.$$role.'.'.$$where => $$tstart.'.'.$$tend
+                            );
+                            @rolecodes = ('cm');
+                            my $spec=$$role.'.'.$$where;
+                            my ($tdummy,$tdomain,$trest)=split(/\//,$$where);
+                            if ($$role =~ /^cr\//) {
+                                &custom_roleprivs(\%allroles,$$role,$tdomain,$trest,$spec,$$where);
+                                push(@rolecodes,'cr');
+                            } elsif ($$role eq 'gr') {
+                                push(@rolecodes,$$role);
+                                my %rolehash = &get('roles',[$$where.'_'.$$role],$env{'user.domain'},
+                                                    $env{'user.name'});
+                                my ($trole) = split('_',$rolehash{$$where.'_'.$$role},2);
+                                (undef,my $group_privs) = split(/\//,$trole);
+                                $group_privs = &unescape($group_privs);
+                                &group_roleprivs(\%allgroups,$$where,$group_privs,$$tend,$$tstart);
+                                my %course_roles = &get_my_roles($env{'user.name'},$env{'user.domain'},'userroles',['active'],['cc','co','in','ta','ep','ad','st','cr'],[$tdomain],1);
+                                if (keys(%course_roles) > 0) {
+                                    my ($tnum) = ($trest =~ /^($match_courseid)/);
+                                    if ($tdomain ne '' && $tnum ne '') {
+                                        foreach my $key (keys(%course_roles)) {
+                                            if ($key =~ /^\Q$tnum\E:\Q$tdomain\E:([^:]+):?([^:]*)/) {
+                                                my $crsrole = $1;
+                                                my $crssec = $2;
+                                                if ($crsrole =~ /^cr/) {
+                                                    unless (grep(/^cr$/,@rolecodes)) {
+                                                        push(@rolecodes,'cr');
+                                                    }
+                                                } else {
+                                                    unless(grep(/^\Q$crsrole\E$/,@rolecodes)) {
+                                                        push(@rolecodes,$crsrole);
+                                                    }
+                                                }
+                                                my $rolekey = $crsrole.'./'.$tdomain.'/'.$tnum;
+                                                if ($crssec ne '') {
+                                                    $rolekey .= '/'.$crssec;
+                                                }
+                                                $rolekey .= './';
+                                                $groups_roles{$rolekey} = \@rolecodes;
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                push(@rolecodes,$$role);
+                                &standard_roleprivs(\%allroles,$$role,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$$where);
+                            }
+                            my ($author,$adv)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%allroles,\%allgroups,\%groups_roles);
+                            &appenv(\%userroles,\@rolecodes);
+                            &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$role);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    $$tstatus = 'is';
+                }
+            }
+            if ($$tend) {
+                if ($$tend<$then) {
+                    $$tstatus='expired';
+                } elsif ($$tend<$now) {
+                    $$tstatus='will_not';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub check_adhoc_privs {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$then,$refresh,$now,$checkrole,$caller) = @_;
+    my $cckey = 'user.role.'.$checkrole.'./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum;
+    if ($env{$cckey}) {
+        my ($role,$where,$trolecode,$tstart,$tend,$tremark,$tstatus,$tpstart,$tpend);
+        &role_status($cckey,$then,$refresh,$now,\$role,\$where,\$trolecode,\$tstatus,\$tstart,\$tend);
+        unless (($tstatus eq 'is') || ($tstatus eq 'will_not')) {
+            &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller);
+    }
+}
+
+sub set_adhoc_privileges {
+# role can be cc or ca
+    my ($dcdom,$pickedcourse,$role,$caller) = @_;
+    my $area = '/'.$dcdom.'/'.$pickedcourse;
+    my $spec = $role.'.'.$area;
+    my %userroles = &set_arearole($role,$area,'','',$env{'user.domain'},
+                                  $env{'user.name'});
+    my %ccrole = ();
+    &standard_roleprivs(\%ccrole,$role,$dcdom,$spec,$pickedcourse,$area);
+    my ($author,$adv)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%ccrole);
+    &appenv(\%userroles,[$role,'cm']);
+    &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$role);
+    unless ($caller eq 'constructaccess' && $env{'request.course.id'}) {
+        &appenv( {'request.role'        => $spec,
+                  'request.role.domain' => $dcdom,
+                  'request.course.sec'  => ''
+                 }
+               );
+        my $tadv=0;
+        if (&allowed('adv') eq 'F') { $tadv=1; }
+        &appenv({'request.role.adv'    => $tadv});
+    }
+}
+
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- get interface
 
 sub get {
@@ -3810,18 +4567,18 @@ sub del {
    foreach my $item (@$storearr) {
        $items.=&escape($item).'&';
    }
+
    $items=~s/\&$//;
    if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
    if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
-
    return &reply("del:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- dump interface
 
 sub dump {
-    my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname,$regexp,$range)=@_;
+    my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname,$regexp,$range,$extra)=@_;
     if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
     if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
@@ -3830,7 +4587,7 @@ sub dump {
     } else {
 	$regexp='.';
     }
-    my $rep=&reply("dump:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$regexp:$range",$uhome);
+    my $rep=&reply("dump:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$regexp:$range:$extra",$uhome);
     my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
     my %returnhash=();
     foreach my $item (@pairs) {
@@ -4235,7 +4992,7 @@ sub get_portfolio_access {
                 my (%allgroups,%allroles); 
                 my ($start,$end,$role,$sec,$group);
                 foreach my $envkey (%env) {
-                    if ($envkey =~ m-^user\.role\.(gr|cc|in|ta|ep|st)\./($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/?([^/]*)$-) {
+                    if ($envkey =~ m-^user\.role\.(gr|cc|co|in|ta|ep|ad|st)\./($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/?([^/]*)$-) {
                         my $cid = $2.'_'.$3; 
                         if ($1 eq 'gr') {
                             $group = $4;
@@ -4375,13 +5132,24 @@ sub is_portfolio_file {
 }
 
 sub usertools_access {
-    my ($uname,$udom,$tool,$action) = @_;
-    my $access;
-    my %tools = (
-                  aboutme   => 1,
-                  blog      => 1,
-                  portfolio => 1,
-                );
+    my ($uname,$udom,$tool,$action,$context,$userenvref,$domdefref,$is_advref) = @_;
+    my ($access,%tools);
+    if ($context eq '') {
+        $context = 'tools';
+    }
+    if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+        %tools = (
+                      official   => 1,
+                      unofficial => 1,
+                      community  => 1,
+                 );
+    } else {
+        %tools = (
+                      aboutme   => 1,
+                      blog      => 1,
+                      portfolio => 1,
+                 );
+    }
     return if (!defined($tools{$tool}));
 
     if ((!defined($udom)) || (!defined($uname))) {
@@ -4391,19 +5159,29 @@ sub usertools_access {
 
     if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
         if ($action ne 'reload') {
-            return $env{'environment.availabletools.'.$tool};
+            if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+                return $env{'environment.canrequest.'.$tool};
+            } else {
+                return $env{'environment.availabletools.'.$tool};
+            }
         }
     }
 
     my ($toolstatus,$inststatus);
 
-    if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
-        $toolstatus = $env{'environment.tools.'.$tool};
+    if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'}) &&
+         ($action ne 'reload')) {
+        $toolstatus = $env{'environment.'.$context.'.'.$tool};
         $inststatus = $env{'environment.inststatus'};
     } else {
-        my %userenv = &userenvironment($udom,$uname,'tools.'.$tool);
-        $toolstatus = $userenv{'tools.'.$tool};
-        $inststatus = $userenv{'inststatus'};
+        if (ref($userenvref) eq 'HASH') {
+            $toolstatus = $userenvref->{$context.'.'.$tool};
+            $inststatus = $userenvref->{'inststatus'};
+        } else {
+            my %userenv = &userenvironment($udom,$uname,$context.'.'.$tool,'inststatus');
+            $toolstatus = $userenv{$context.'.'.$tool};
+            $inststatus = $userenv{'inststatus'};
+        }
     }
 
     if ($toolstatus ne '') {
@@ -4415,8 +5193,17 @@ sub usertools_access {
         return $access;
     }
 
-    my $is_adv = &is_advanced_user($udom,$uname);
-    my %domdef = &get_domain_defaults($udom);
+    my ($is_adv,%domdef);
+    if (ref($is_advref) eq 'HASH') {
+        $is_adv = $is_advref->{'is_adv'};
+    } else {
+        $is_adv = &is_advanced_user($udom,$uname);
+    }
+    if (ref($domdefref) eq 'HASH') {
+        %domdef = %{$domdefref};
+    } else {
+        %domdef = &get_domain_defaults($udom);
+    }
     if (ref($domdef{$tool}) eq 'HASH') {
         if ($is_adv) {
             if ($domdef{$tool}{'_LC_adv'} ne '') {
@@ -4458,13 +5245,43 @@ sub usertools_access {
             }
         }
     } else {
-        $access = 1;
+        if ($context eq 'tools') {
+            $access = 1;
+        } else {
+            $access = 0;
+        }
         return $access;
     }
 }
 
+sub is_course_owner {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname) = @_;
+    if (($udom eq '') || ($uname eq '')) {
+        $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+        $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+    }
+    unless (($udom eq '') || ($uname eq '')) {
+        if (exists($env{'course.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum.'.internal.courseowner'})) {
+            if ($env{'course.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum.'.internal.courseowner'} eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                return 1;
+            } else {
+                my %courseinfo = &Apache::lonnet::coursedescription($cdom.'/'.$cnum);
+                if ($courseinfo{'internal.courseowner'} eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                    return 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 sub is_advanced_user {
     my ($udom,$uname) = @_;
+    if ($udom ne '' && $uname ne '') {
+        if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+            return $env{'user.adv'};
+        }
+    }
     my %roleshash = &get_my_roles($uname,$udom,'userroles',undef,undef,undef,1);
     my %allroles;
     my $is_adv;
@@ -4498,6 +5315,55 @@ sub is_advanced_user {
     return $is_adv;
 }
 
+sub check_can_request {
+    my ($dom,$can_request,$request_domains) = @_;
+    my $canreq = 0;
+    my ($types,$typename) = &Apache::loncommon::course_types();
+    my @options = ('approval','validate','autolimit');
+    my $optregex = join('|',@options);
+    if ((ref($can_request) eq 'HASH') && (ref($types) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        foreach my $type (@{$types}) {
+            if (&usertools_access($env{'user.name'},
+                                  $env{'user.domain'},
+                                  $type,undef,'requestcourses')) {
+                $canreq ++;
+                if (ref($request_domains) eq 'HASH') {
+                    push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$env{'user.domain'});
+                }
+                if ($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                    $can_request->{$type} = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type} ne '') {
+                my @curr = split(',',$env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type});
+                if (@curr > 0) {
+                    foreach my $item (@curr) {
+                        if (ref($request_domains) eq 'HASH') {
+                            my ($otherdom) = ($item =~ /^($match_domain):($optregex)(=?\d*)$/);
+                            if ($otherdom ne '') {
+                                if (ref($request_domains->{$type}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                    unless (grep(/^\Q$otherdom\E$/,@{$request_domains->{$type}})) {
+                                        push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$otherdom);
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$otherdom);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    unless($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                        $canreq ++;
+                        if (grep(/^\Q$dom\E:($optregex)(=?\d*)$/,@curr)) {
+                            $can_request->{$type} = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $canreq;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------- Custom access rule evaluation
 
 sub customaccess {
@@ -4652,17 +5518,68 @@ sub allowed {
     my $statecond=0;
     my $courseprivid='';
 
+    my $ownaccess;
+    # Community Coordinator or Assistant Co-author browsing resource space.
+    if (($priv eq 'bro') && ($env{'user.author'})) {
+        if ($uri eq '') {
+            $ownaccess = 1;
+        } else {
+            if (($env{'user.domain'} ne '') && ($env{'user.name'} ne '')) {
+                my $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+                my $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+                if ($uri =~ m{^\Q$udom\E/?$}) {
+                    $ownaccess = 1;
+                } elsif ($uri =~ m{^\Q$udom\E/\Q$uname\E/?}) {
+                    unless ($uri =~ m{\.\./}) {
+                        $ownaccess = 1;
+                    }
+                } elsif (($udom ne 'public') && ($uname ne 'public')) {
+                    my $now = time;
+                    if ($uri =~ m{^([^/]+)/?$}) {
+                        my $adom = $1;
+                        foreach my $key (keys(%env)) {
+                            if ($key =~ m{^user\.role\.(ca|aa)/\Q$adom\E}) {
+                                my ($start,$end) = split('.',$env{$key});
+                                if (($now >= $start) && (!$end || $end < $now)) {
+                                    $ownaccess = 1;
+                                    last;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } elsif ($uri =~ m{^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/?}) {
+                        my $adom = $1;
+                        my $aname = $2;
+                        foreach my $role ('ca','aa') { 
+                            if ($env{"user.role.$role./$adom/$aname"}) {
+                                my ($start,$end) =
+                                    split('.',$env{"user.role.$role./$adom/$aname"});
+                                if (($now >= $start) && (!$end || $end < $now)) {
+                                    $ownaccess = 1;
+                                    last;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
 # Course
 
     if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'}=~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
-       $thisallowed.=$1;
+        unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
+            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        }
     }
 
 # Domain
 
     if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.(split(/\//,$uri))[0].'/'}
        =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
-       $thisallowed.=$1;
+        unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
+            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        }
     }
 
 # Course: uri itself is a course
@@ -4672,7 +5589,9 @@ sub allowed {
 
     if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'.'.$courseuri}
        =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
-       $thisallowed.=$1;
+        unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
+            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        }
     }
 
 # URI is an uploaded document for this course, default permissions don't matter
@@ -4812,7 +5731,7 @@ sub allowed {
 
     my $envkey;
     if ($thisallowed=~/L/) {
-        foreach $envkey (keys %env) {
+        foreach $envkey (keys(%env)) {
            if ($envkey=~/^user\.role\.(st|ta)\.([^\.]*)/) {
                my $courseid=$2;
                my $roleid=$1.'.'.$2;
@@ -4878,7 +5797,7 @@ sub allowed {
        my $unamedom=$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
        if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.roles.denied'}
 	   =~/\Q$rolecode\E/) {
-	   if ($priv ne 'pch') { 
+           if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc')) {
 	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.':'.
 			'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode.' in '.
 			$env{'request.course.id'});
@@ -4888,7 +5807,7 @@ sub allowed {
 
        if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.users.denied'}
 	   =~/\Q$unamedom\E/) {
-	   if ($priv ne 'pch') { 
+           if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc')) {
 	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.
 			'Denied by user: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$unamedom.' in '.
 			$env{'request.course.id'});
@@ -4902,7 +5821,7 @@ sub allowed {
    if ($thisallowed=~/R/) {
        my $rolecode=(split(/\./,$env{'request.role'}))[0];
        if (&metadata($uri,'roledeny')=~/\Q$rolecode\E/) {
-	   if ($priv ne 'pch') { 
+           if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc')) {
 	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.':'.
 			'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode);
 	   }
@@ -5085,8 +6004,7 @@ sub update_allusers_table {
                'generation='.&escape($names->{'generation'}).'%%'.
                'permanentemail='.&escape($names->{'permanentemail'}).'%%'.
                'id='.&escape($names->{'id'}),$homeserver);
-    my $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
-    return $reply;
+    return;
 }
 
 # ------- Request retrieval of institutional classlists for course(s)
@@ -5103,7 +6021,7 @@ sub fetch_enrollment_query {
     }
     my $host=&hostname($homeserver);
     my $cmd = '';
-    foreach my $affiliate (keys %{$affiliatesref}) {
+    foreach my $affiliate (keys(%{$affiliatesref})) {
         $cmd .= $affiliate.'='.join(",",@{$$affiliatesref{$affiliate}}).'%%';
     }
     $cmd =~ s/%%$//;
@@ -5236,19 +6154,29 @@ sub auto_run {
 
 sub auto_get_sections {
     my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_coursecode) = @_;
-    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
-    my @secs = ();
-    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autogetsections:'.$inst_coursecode.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
-    unless ($response eq 'refused') {
-        @secs = split(/:/,$response);
+    my $homeserver;
+    if (($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) && ($cnum =~ /^$match_courseid$/)) { 
+        $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    }
+    if (!defined($homeserver)) { 
+        if ($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+            $homeserver = &domain($cdom,'primary');
+        }
+    }
+    my @secs;
+    if (defined($homeserver)) {
+        my $response=&unescape(&reply('autogetsections:'.$inst_coursecode.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
+        unless ($response eq 'refused') {
+            @secs = split(/:/,$response);
+        }
     }
     return @secs;
 }
 
 sub auto_new_course {
-    my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_course_id,$owner) = @_;
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_course_id,$owner,$coowners) = @_;
     my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
-    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autonewcourse:'.$inst_course_id.':'.$owner.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
+    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autonewcourse:'.$inst_course_id.':'.&escape($owner).':'.$cdom.':'.&escape($coowners),$homeserver));
     return $response;
 }
 
@@ -5259,6 +6187,23 @@ sub auto_validate_courseID {
     return $response;
 }
 
+sub auto_validate_instcode {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$instcode,$owner) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,$response);
+    if (($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) && ($cnum =~ /^$match_courseid$/)) {
+        $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    }
+    if (!defined($homeserver)) {
+        if ($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+            $homeserver = &domain($cdom,'primary');
+        }
+    }
+    $response=&unescape(&reply('autovalidateinstcode:'.$cdom.':'.
+                        &escape($instcode).':'.&escape($owner),$homeserver));
+    my ($outcome,$description) = map { &unescape($_); } split('&',$response,2);
+    return ($outcome,$description);
+}
+
 sub auto_create_password {
     my ($cnum,$cdom,$authparam,$udom) = @_;
     my ($homeserver,$response);
@@ -5373,6 +6318,13 @@ sub auto_instcode_format {
 		push(@homeservers,$tryserver);
 	    }
         }
+    } elsif ($caller eq 'requests') {
+        if ($codedom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+            my $chome = &domain($codedom,'primary');
+            unless ($chome eq 'no_host') {
+                push(@homeservers,$chome);
+            }
+        }
     } else {
         push(@homeservers,&homeserver($caller,$codedom));
     }
@@ -5430,7 +6382,81 @@ sub auto_instcode_defaults {
     }
 
     return $response;
-} 
+}
+
+sub auto_possible_instcodes {
+    my ($domain,$codetitles,$cat_titles,$cat_orders,$code_order) = @_;
+    unless ((ref($codetitles) eq 'ARRAY') && (ref($cat_titles) eq 'HASH') && 
+            (ref($cat_orders) eq 'HASH') && (ref($code_order) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        return;
+    }
+    my (@homeservers,$uhome);
+    if (defined(&domain($domain,'primary'))) {
+        $uhome=&domain($domain,'primary');
+        push(@homeservers,&domain($domain,'primary'));
+    } else {
+        my %servers = &get_servers($domain,'library');
+        foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
+            if (!grep(/^\Q$tryserver\E$/,@homeservers)) {
+                push(@homeservers,$tryserver);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    my $response;
+    foreach my $server (@homeservers) {
+        $response=&reply('autopossibleinstcodes:'.$domain,$server);
+        next if ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/);
+        my ($codetitlestr,$codeorderstr,$cat_title,$cat_order) = 
+            split(':',$response);
+        @{$codetitles} = map { &unescape($_); } (split('&',$codetitlestr));
+        @{$code_order} = map { &unescape($_); } (split('&',$codeorderstr));
+        foreach my $item (split('&',$cat_title)) {   
+            my ($name,$value)=split('=',$item);
+            $cat_titles->{&unescape($name)}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+        }
+        foreach my $item (split('&',$cat_order)) {
+            my ($name,$value)=split('=',$item);
+            $cat_orders->{&unescape($name)}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+        }
+        return 'ok';
+    }
+    return $response;
+}
+
+sub auto_courserequest_checks {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,%validations);
+    if ($dom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+        $homeserver = &domain($dom,'primary');
+    }
+    unless ($homeserver eq 'no_host') {
+        my $response=&reply('autocrsreqchecks:'.$dom,$homeserver);
+        unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+            my @items = split(/&/,$response);
+            foreach my $item (@items) {
+                my ($key,$value) = split('=',$item);
+                $validations{&unescape($key)} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %validations; 
+}
+
+sub auto_courserequest_validation {
+    my ($dom,$owner,$crstype,$inststatuslist,$instcode,$instseclist) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,$response);
+    if ($dom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+        $homeserver = &domain($dom,'primary');
+    }
+    unless ($homeserver eq 'no_host') {  
+          
+        $response=&unescape(&reply('autocrsreqvalidation:'.$dom.':'.&escape($owner).
+                                    ':'.&escape($crstype).':'.&escape($inststatuslist).
+                                    ':'.&escape($instcode).':'.&escape($instseclist),
+                                    $homeserver));
+    }
+    return $response;
+}
 
 sub auto_validate_class_sec {
     my ($cdom,$cnum,$owners,$inst_class) = @_;
@@ -5541,7 +6567,8 @@ sub get_users_groups {
     } else {  
         $grouplist = '';
         my $courseurl = &courseid_to_courseurl($courseid);
-        my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname,$courseurl);
+        my $extra = &freeze_escape({'skipcheck' => 1});
+        my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname,$courseurl,undef,$extra);
         my $access_end = $env{'course.'.$courseid.
                               '.default_enrollment_end_date'};
         my $now = time;
@@ -5583,28 +6610,38 @@ sub devalidate_getgroups_cache {
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ Plain Text
 
 sub plaintext {
-    my ($short,$type,$cid) = @_;
-    if ($short =~ /^cr/) {
+    my ($short,$type,$cid,$forcedefault) = @_;
+    if ($short =~ m{^cr/}) {
 	return (split('/',$short))[-1];
     }
     if (!defined($cid)) {
         $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
     }
-    if (defined($cid) && defined($env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'})) {
-        return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.
-                                          '.plaintext'});
-    }
     my %rolenames = (
-                      Course => 'std',
-                      Group => 'alt1',
+                      Course    => 'std',
+                      Community => 'alt1',
                     );
-    if (defined($type) && 
-         defined($rolenames{$type}) && 
-         defined($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$type}})) {
+    if ($cid ne '') {
+        if ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'} ne '') {
+            unless ($forcedefault) {
+                my $roletext = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'}; 
+                &Apache::lonlocal::mt_escape(\$roletext);
+                return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($roletext);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ((defined($type)) && (defined($rolenames{$type})) &&
+        (defined($rolenames{$type})) && 
+        (defined($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$type}}))) {
         return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$type}});
-    } else {
-        return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{'std'});
+    } elsif ($cid ne '') {
+        my $crstype = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.type'};
+        if (($crstype ne '') && (defined($rolenames{$crstype})) &&
+            (defined($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$crstype}}))) {
+            return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$crstype}});
+        }
     }
+    return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{'std'});
 }
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Assign Role
@@ -5617,10 +6654,27 @@ sub assignrole {
         my $cwosec=$url;
         $cwosec=~s/^\/($match_domain)\/($match_courseid)\/.*/$1\/$2/;
 	unless (&allowed('ccr',$cwosec)) {
-           &logthis('Refused custom assignrole: '.
-             $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.' by '.
-		    $env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
-           return 'refused'; 
+           my $refused = 1;
+           if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+               if (($env{'user.name'} ne '') && ($env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
+                   if ($role =~ m{^cr/($match_domain)/($match_username)/([^/]+)$}) {
+                       if (($1 eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($2 eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+                           my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($cwosec =~ m{^/?($match_domain)/($match_courseid)$});
+                           my %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
+                           if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq
+                               $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                               $refused = '';
+                           }
+                       }
+                   }
+               }
+           }
+           if ($refused) {
+               &logthis('Refused custom assignrole: '.
+                        $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.
+                        ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
+               return 'refused';
+           }
         }
         $mrole='cr';
     } elsif ($role =~ /^gr\//) {
@@ -5646,15 +6700,61 @@ sub assignrole {
                 $refused = 1;
             }
             if ($refused) {
-                if (($selfenroll == 1) && ($role eq 'st') && ($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+                my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($cwosec =~ m{^/?($match_domain)/($match_courseid)$});
+                if (!$selfenroll && $context eq 'course') {
+                    my %crsenv;
+                    if ($role eq 'cc' || $role eq 'co') {
+                        %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
+                        if (($role eq 'cc') && ($cnum !~ /^$match_community$/)) {
+                            if ($env{'request.role'} eq 'cc./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum) {
+                                if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq 
+                                    $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                                    $refused = '';
+                                }
+                            }
+                        } elsif (($role eq 'co') && ($cnum =~ /^$match_community$/)) { 
+                            if ($env{'request.role'} eq 'co./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum) {
+                                if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq 
+                                    $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                                    $refused = '';
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif (($selfenroll == 1) && ($role eq 'st') && ($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
                     $refused = '';
-                } else {
+                } elsif ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+                    my @possroles = ('st','ta','ep','in','cc','co');
+                    if ((grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@possroles)) && ($env{'user.name'} ne '' && $env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
+                        my $wrongcc;
+                        if ($cnum =~ /^$match_community$/) {
+                            $wrongcc = 1 if ($role eq 'cc');
+                        } else {
+                            $wrongcc = 1 if ($role eq 'co');
+                        }
+                        unless ($wrongcc) {
+                            my %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
+                            if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq 
+                                 $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                                $refused = '';
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if ($refused) {
                     &logthis('Refused assignrole: '.$udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.
                              ' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.' by '.
 	  	             $env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
                     return 'refused';
                 }
             }
+        } elsif ($role eq 'au') {
+            if ($url ne '/'.$udom.'/') {
+                &logthis('Attempt by '.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}.
+                         ' to assign author role for '.$uname.':'.$udom.
+                         ' in domain: '.$url.' refused (wrong domain).');
+                return 'refused';
+            }
         }
         $mrole=$role;
     }
@@ -5695,10 +6795,97 @@ sub assignrole {
             &Apache::longroup::group_changes($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$origend,
                                              $origstart,$selfenroll,$context);
         }
+        if ($role eq 'cc') {
+            &autoupdate_coowners($url,$end,$start,$uname,$udom);
+        }
     }
     return $answer;
 }
 
+sub autoupdate_coowners {
+    my ($url,$end,$start,$uname,$udom) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($url =~ m{^/($match_domain)/($match_courseid)});
+    if (($cdom ne '') && ($cnum ne '')) {
+        my $now = time;
+        my %domdesign = &Apache::loncommon::get_domainconf($cdom);
+        if ($domdesign{$cdom.'.autoassign.co-owners'}) {
+            my %coursehash = &coursedescription($cdom.'_'.$cnum);
+            my $instcode = $coursehash{'internal.coursecode'};
+            if ($instcode ne '') {
+                if (($start && $start <= $now) && ($end == 0) || ($end > $now)) {
+                    unless ($coursehash{'internal.courseowner'} eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                        my ($delcoowners,@newcoowners,$putresult,$delresult,$coowners);
+                        my ($result,$desc) = &auto_validate_instcode($cnum,$cdom,$instcode,$uname.':'.$udom);
+                        if ($result eq 'valid') {
+                            if ($coursehash{'internal.co-owners'}) {
+                                foreach my $coowner (split(',',$coursehash{'internal.co-owners'})) {
+                                    push(@newcoowners,$coowner);
+                                }
+                                unless (grep(/^\Q$uname\E:\Q$udom\E$/,@newcoowners)) {
+                                    push(@newcoowners,$uname.':'.$udom);
+                                }
+                                @newcoowners = sort(@newcoowners);
+                            } else {
+                                push(@newcoowners,$uname.':'.$udom);
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            if ($coursehash{'internal.co-owners'}) {
+                                foreach my $coowner (split(',',$coursehash{'internal.co-owners'})) {
+                                    unless ($coowner eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                                        push(@newcoowners,$coowner);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                unless (@newcoowners > 0) {
+                                    $delcoowners = 1;
+                                    $coowners = '';
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (@newcoowners || $delcoowners) {
+                            &store_coowners($cdom,$cnum,$coursehash{'home'},
+                                            $delcoowners,@newcoowners);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub store_coowners {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$chome,$delcoowners,@newcoowners) = @_;
+    my $cid = $cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+    my ($coowners,$delresult,$putresult);
+    if (@newcoowners) {
+        $coowners = join(',',@newcoowners);
+        my %coownershash = (
+                            'internal.co-owners' => $coowners,
+                           );
+        $putresult = &put('environment',\%coownershash,$cdom,$cnum);
+        if ($putresult eq 'ok') {
+            if ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'} eq $cnum) {
+                &appenv({'course.'.$cid.'.internal.co-owners' => $coowners});
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($delcoowners) {
+        $delresult = &Apache::lonnet::del('environment',['internal.co-owners'],$cdom,$cnum);
+        if ($delresult eq 'ok') {
+            if ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.internal.co-owners'}) {
+                &Apache::lonnet::delenv('course.'.$cid.'.internal.co-owners');
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (($putresult eq 'ok') || ($delresult eq 'ok')) {
+        my %crsinfo =
+            &Apache::lonnet::courseiddump($cdom,'.',1,'.','.',$cnum,undef,undef,'.');
+        if (ref($crsinfo{$cid}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $crsinfo{$cid}{'co-owners'} = \@newcoowners;
+            my $cidput = &Apache::lonnet::courseidput($cdom,\%crsinfo,$chome,'notime');
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 # -------------------------------------------------- Modify user authentication
 # Overrides without validation
 
@@ -5731,17 +6918,27 @@ sub modifyuser {
     my ($udom,    $uname, $uid,
         $umode,   $upass, $first,
         $middle,  $last,  $gene,
-        $forceid, $desiredhome, $email, $inststatus)=@_;
+        $forceid, $desiredhome, $email, $inststatus, $candelete)=@_;
     $udom= &LONCAPA::clean_domain($udom);
     $uname=&LONCAPA::clean_username($uname);
+    my $showcandelete = 'none';
+    if (ref($candelete) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        if (@{$candelete} > 0) {
+            $showcandelete = join(', ',@{$candelete});
+        }
+    }
     &logthis('Call to modify user '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
              $umode.', '.$first.', '.$middle.', '.
-	     $last.', '.$gene.'(forceid: '.$forceid.')'.
+             $last.', '.$gene.'(forceid: '.$forceid.'; candelete: '.$showcandelete.')'.
              (defined($desiredhome) ? ' desiredhome = '.$desiredhome :
                                      ' desiredhome not specified'). 
              ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'}.
              ' in domain '.$env{'request.role.domain'});
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
+    my $newuser;
+    if ($uhome eq 'no_host') {
+        $newuser = 1;
+    }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Create User
     if (($uhome eq 'no_host') && 
 	(($umode && $upass) || ($umode eq 'localauth'))) {
@@ -5794,16 +6991,41 @@ sub modifyuser {
 		   ['firstname','middlename','lastname','generation','id',
                     'permanentemail','inststatus'],
 		   $udom,$uname);
-    my %names;
+    my (%names,%oldnames);
     if ($tmp[0] =~ m/^error:.*/) { 
         %names=(); 
     } else {
         %names = @tmp;
+        %oldnames = %names;
     }
 #
-# Make sure to not trash student environment if instructor does not bother
-# to supply name and email information
-#
+# If name, email and/or uid are blank (e.g., because an uploaded file
+# of users did not contain them), do not overwrite existing values
+# unless field is in $candelete array ref.  
+#
+
+    my @fields = ('firstname','middlename','lastname','generation',
+                  'permanentemail','id');
+    my %newvalues;
+    if (ref($candelete) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        foreach my $field (@fields) {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$field\E$/,@{$candelete})) {
+                if ($field eq 'firstname') {
+                    $names{$field} = $first;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'middlename') {
+                    $names{$field} = $middle;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'lastname') {
+                    $names{$field} = $last;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'generation') { 
+                    $names{$field} = $gene;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'permanentemail') {
+                    $names{$field} = $email;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'id') {
+                    $names{$field}  = $uid;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
     if ($first)  { $names{'firstname'}  = $first; }
     if (defined($middle)) { $names{'middlename'} = $middle; }
     if ($last)   { $names{'lastname'}   = $last; }
@@ -5813,19 +7035,55 @@ sub modifyuser {
        if ($email=~/\@/) { $names{'permanentemail'} = $email; }
     }
     if ($uid) { $names{'id'}  = $uid; }
-    if (defined($inststatus)) { $names{'inststatus'} = $inststatus; } 
-    my $reply = &put('environment', \%names, $udom,$uname);
-    if ($reply ne 'ok') { return 'error: '.$reply; }
-    my $sqlresult = &update_allusers_table($uname,$udom,\%names);
-    &devalidate_cache_new('namescache',$uname.':'.$udom);
-    my $logmsg = 'Success modifying user '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
+    if (defined($inststatus)) {
+        $names{'inststatus'} = '';
+        my ($usertypes,$typesorder) = &retrieve_inst_usertypes($udom);
+        if (ref($usertypes) eq 'HASH') {
+            my @okstatuses; 
+            foreach my $item (split(/:/,$inststatus)) {
+                if (defined($usertypes->{$item})) {
+                    push(@okstatuses,$item);  
+                }
+            }
+            if (@okstatuses) {
+                $names{'inststatus'} = join(':', map { &escape($_); } @okstatuses);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    my $logmsg = $udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
                  $umode.', '.$first.', '.$middle.', '.
-	         $last.', '.$gene.', '.$email.', '.$inststatus;
+                 $last.', '.$gene.', '.$email.', '.$inststatus;
     if ($env{'user.name'} ne '' && $env{'user.domain'}) {
         $logmsg .= ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'};
     } else {
         $logmsg .= ' during self creation';
     }
+    my $changed;
+    if ($newuser) {
+        $changed = 1;
+    } else {
+        foreach my $field (@fields) {
+            if ($names{$field} ne $oldnames{$field}) {
+                $changed = 1;
+                last;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unless ($changed) {
+        $logmsg = 'No changes in user information needed for: '.$logmsg;
+        &logthis($logmsg);
+        return 'ok';
+    }
+    my $reply = &put('environment', \%names, $udom,$uname);
+    if ($reply ne 'ok') {
+        return 'error: '.$reply;
+    }
+    if ($names{'permanentemail'} ne $oldnames{'permanentemail'}) {
+        &Apache::lonnet::devalidate_cache_new('emailscache',$uname.':'.$udom);
+    }
+    my $sqlresult = &update_allusers_table($uname,$udom,\%names);
+    &devalidate_cache_new('namescache',$uname.':'.$udom);
+    $logmsg = 'Success modifying user '.$logmsg;
     &logthis($logmsg);
     return 'ok';
 }
@@ -5835,7 +7093,7 @@ sub modifyuser {
 sub modifystudent {
     my ($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,$usec,
         $end,$start,$forceid,$desiredhome,$email,$type,$locktype,$cid,
-        $selfenroll,$context)=@_;
+        $selfenroll,$context,$inststatus)=@_;
     if (!$cid) {
 	unless ($cid=$env{'request.course.id'}) {
 	    return 'not_in_class';
@@ -5844,7 +7102,7 @@ sub modifystudent {
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- Make the user
     my $reply=&modifyuser
 	($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,$forceid,
-         $desiredhome,$email);
+         $desiredhome,$email,$inststatus);
     unless ($reply eq 'ok') { return $reply; }
     # This will cause &modify_student_enrollment to get the uid from the
     # students environment
@@ -5958,48 +7216,90 @@ sub writecoursepref {
 
 sub createcourse {
     my ($udom,$description,$url,$course_server,$nonstandard,$inst_code,
-        $course_owner,$crstype)=@_;
+        $course_owner,$crstype,$cnum,$context,$category)=@_;
     $url=&declutter($url);
     my $cid='';
-    unless (&allowed('ccc',$udom)) {
+    if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+        my $can_create = 0;
+        my ($ownername,$ownerdom) = split(':',$course_owner);
+        if ($udom eq $ownerdom) {
+            if (&usertools_access($ownername,$ownerdom,$category,undef,
+                                  $context)) {
+                $can_create = 1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            my %userenv = &userenvironment($ownerdom,$ownername,'reqcrsotherdom.'.
+                                           $category);
+            if ($userenv{'reqcrsotherdom.'.$category} ne '') {
+                my @curr = split(',',$userenv{'reqcrsotherdom.'.$category});
+                if (@curr > 0) {
+                    my @options = qw(approval validate autolimit);
+                    my $optregex = join('|',@options);
+                    if (grep(/^\Q$udom\E:($optregex)(=?\d*)$/,@curr)) {
+                        $can_create = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if ($can_create) {
+            unless ($ownername eq $env{'user.name'} && $ownerdom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                unless (&allowed('ccc',$udom)) {
+                    return 'refused'; 
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            return 'refused';
+        }
+    } elsif (!&allowed('ccc',$udom)) {
         return 'refused';
     }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------- Create ID
-   my $uname=int(1+rand(9)).
-       ('a'..'z','A'..'Z','0'..'9')[int(rand(62))].
-       substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
-       unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
-# ----------------------------------------------- Make sure that does not exist
-   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
-   unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
-       $uname=substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
-        unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
-       $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');       
-       unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
-           return 'error: unable to generate unique course-ID';
-       } 
-   }
-# ------------------------------------------------ Check supplied server name
-    $course_server = $env{'user.homeserver'} if (! defined($course_server));
-    if (! &is_library($course_server)) {
-        return 'error:bad server name '.$course_server;
+# --------------------------------------------------------------- Get Unique ID
+    my $uname;
+    if ($cnum =~ /^$match_courseid$/) {
+        my $chome=&homeserver($cnum,$udom,'true');
+        if (($chome eq '') || ($chome eq 'no_host')) {
+            $uname = $cnum;
+        } else {
+            $uname = &generate_coursenum($udom,$crstype);
+        }
+    } else {
+        $uname = &generate_coursenum($udom,$crstype);
+    }
+    return $uname if ($uname =~ /^error/);
+# -------------------------------------------------- Check supplied server name
+    if (!defined($course_server)) {
+        if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
+            $course_server = &domain($udom,'primary');
+        } else {
+            $course_server = $env{'user.home'}; 
+        }
+    }
+    my %host_servers =
+        &Apache::lonnet::get_servers($udom,'library');
+    unless ($host_servers{$course_server}) {
+        return 'error: invalid home server for course: '.$course_server;
     }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Make the course
     my $reply=&reply('encrypt:makeuser:'.$udom.':'.$uname.':none::',
                       $course_server);
     unless ($reply eq 'ok') { return 'error: '.$reply; }
-    $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
     if (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) { 
 	return 'error: no such course';
     }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Course made
 # log existence
+    my $now = time;
     my $newcourse = {
                     $udom.'_'.$uname => {
                                      description => $description,
                                      inst_code   => $inst_code,
                                      owner       => $course_owner,
                                      type        => $crstype,
+                                     creator     => $env{'user.name'}.':'.
+                                                    $env{'user.domain'},
+                                     created     => $now,
+                                     context     => $context,
                                                 },
                     };
     &courseidput($udom,$newcourse,$uhome,'notime');
@@ -6024,11 +7324,51 @@ ENDINITMAP
     }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------- Write preferences
     &writecoursepref($udom.'_'.$uname,
-                     ('description' => $description,
-                      'url'         => $topurl));
+                     ('description'              => $description,
+                      'url'                      => $topurl,
+                      'internal.creator'         => $env{'user.name'}.':'.
+                                                    $env{'user.domain'},
+                      'internal.created'         => $now,
+                      'internal.creationcontext' => $context)
+                    );
     return '/'.$udom.'/'.$uname;
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------- Create ID
+sub generate_coursenum {
+    my ($udom,$crstype) = @_;
+    my $domdesc = &domain($udom);
+    return 'error: invalid domain' if ($domdesc eq '');
+    my $first;
+    if ($crstype eq 'Community') {
+        $first = '0';
+    } else {
+        $first = int(1+rand(9)); 
+    } 
+    my $uname=$first.
+        ('a'..'z','A'..'Z','0'..'9')[int(rand(62))].
+        substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
+        unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+# ----------------------------------------------- Make sure that does not exist
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
+    unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
+        if ($crstype eq 'Community') {
+            $first = '0';
+        } else {
+            $first = int(1+rand(9));
+        }
+        $uname=$first.
+               ('a'..'z','A'..'Z','0'..'9')[int(rand(62))].
+               substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
+               unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+        $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
+        unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
+            return 'error: unable to generate unique course-ID';
+        }
+    }
+    return $uname;
+}
+
 sub is_course {
     my ($cdom,$cnum) = @_;
     my %courses = &courseiddump($cdom,'.',1,'.','.',$cnum,undef,
@@ -6039,6 +7379,39 @@ sub is_course {
     return 0;
 }
 
+sub store_userdata {
+    my ($storehash,$datakey,$namespace,$udom,$uname) = @_;
+    my $result;
+    if ($datakey ne '') {
+        if (ref($storehash) eq 'HASH') {
+            if ($udom eq '' || $uname eq '') {
+                $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+                $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+            }
+            my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+            if (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
+                $result = 'error: no_host';
+            } else {
+                $storehash->{'ip'} = $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+                $storehash->{'host'} = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+
+                my $namevalue='';
+                foreach my $key (keys(%{$storehash})) {
+                    $namevalue.=&escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$key}).'&';
+                }
+                $namevalue=~s/\&$//;
+                $result =  &reply("store:$udom:$uname:$namespace:$datakey:".
+                                  $namevalue,$uhome);
+            }
+        } else {
+            $result = 'error: data to store was not a hash reference'; 
+        }
+    } else {
+        $result= 'error: invalid requestkey'; 
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Assign Custom Role
 
 sub assigncustomrole {
@@ -6081,10 +7454,10 @@ sub diskusage {
 }
 
 sub is_locked {
-    my ($file_name, $domain, $user) = @_;
+    my ($file_name, $domain, $user, $which) = @_;
     my @check;
     my $is_locked;
-    push @check, $file_name;
+    push(@check,$file_name);
     my %locked = &get('file_permissions',\@check,
 		      $env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'});
     my ($tmp)=keys(%locked);
@@ -6093,14 +7466,19 @@ sub is_locked {
     if (ref($locked{$file_name}) eq 'ARRAY') {
         $is_locked = 'false';
         foreach my $entry (@{$locked{$file_name}}) {
-           if (ref($entry) eq 'ARRAY') { 
+           if (ref($entry) eq 'ARRAY') {
                $is_locked = 'true';
-               last;
+               if (ref($which) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                   push(@{$which},$entry);
+               } else {
+                   last;
+               }
            }
        }
     } else {
         $is_locked = 'false';
     }
+    return $is_locked;
 }
 
 sub declutter_portfile {
@@ -7250,7 +8628,7 @@ sub metadata {
     if (($uri eq '') || 
 	(($uri =~ m|^/*adm/|) && 
 	     ($uri !~ m|^adm/includes|) && ($uri !~ m|/bulletinboard$|)) ||
-        ($uri =~ m|/$|) || ($uri =~ m|/.meta$|) ) {
+        ($uri =~ m|/$|) || ($uri =~ m|/.meta$|) || ($uri =~ m{^/*uploaded/.+\.sequence$})) {
 	return undef;
     }
     if (($uri =~ /^~/ || $uri =~ m{home/$match_username/public_html/}) 
@@ -7292,7 +8670,8 @@ sub metadata {
 		&Apache::lonnet::ssi_body($which,
 					  ('grade_target' => 'meta'));
 	    $cachetime = 1; # only want this cached in the child not long term
-	} elsif ($uri !~ m -^(editupload)/-) {
+	} elsif (($uri !~ m -^(editupload)/-) && 
+                 ($uri !~ m{^/*uploaded/$match_domain/$match_courseid/docs/})) {
 	    my $file=&filelocation('',&clutter($filename));
 	    #push(@{$metaentry{$uri.'.file'}},$file);
 	    $metastring=&getfile($file);
@@ -7382,7 +8761,6 @@ sub metadata {
 			    }
 			}
 		    } else { 
-			
 			if (defined($token->[2]->{'name'})) { 
 			    $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'name'}; 
 			}
@@ -7528,6 +8906,11 @@ sub devalidate_title_cache {
     &devalidate_cache_new('title',$key);
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------- Get the title of a course
+
+sub current_course_title {
+    return $env{ 'course.' . $env{'request.course.id'} . '.description' };
+}
 # ------------------------------------------------- Get the title of a resource
 
 sub gettitle {
@@ -7594,7 +8977,7 @@ sub symblist {
     if (($env{'request.course.fn'}) && (%newhash)) {
         if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
                       &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-	    foreach my $url (keys %newhash) {
+	    foreach my $url (keys(%newhash)) {
 		next if ($url eq 'last_known'
 			 && $env{'form.no_update_last_known'});
 		$hash{declutter($url)}=&encode_symb($mapname,
@@ -7631,19 +9014,27 @@ sub symbverify {
 
     if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
                             &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+        if (($thisurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/ext/}) || ($thisurl =~ m{^ext/})) {
+            $thisurl =~ s/\?.+$//;
+        }
         my $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.&clutter($thisurl)};
         unless ($ids) { 
-           $ids=$bighash{'ids_/'.$thisurl};
+           my $idkey = 'ids_'.($thisurl =~ m{^/}? '' : '/').$thisurl;
+           $ids=$bighash{$idkey};
         }
         if ($ids) {
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- Has ID(s)
 	    foreach my $id (split(/\,/,$ids)) {
 	       my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$id);
+               if ($thisfn =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/ext/}) {
+                   $symb =~ s/\?.+$//;
+               }
                if (
   &symbclean(&declutter($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid}).'___'.$resid.'___'.$thisfn)
    eq $symb) { 
 		   if (($env{'request.role.adv'}) ||
-		       $bighash{'encrypted_'.$id} eq $env{'request.enc'}) {
+		       ($bighash{'encrypted_'.$id} eq $env{'request.enc'}) ||
+		       ($thisurl eq '/adm/navmaps')) {
 		       $okay=1; 
 		   }
 	       }
@@ -8515,7 +9906,9 @@ sub declutter {
     $thisfn=~s|^adm/wrapper/||;
     $thisfn=~s|^adm/coursedocs/showdoc/||;
     $thisfn=~s/^res\///;
-    $thisfn=~s/\?.+$//;
+    unless (($thisfn =~ /^ext/) || ($thisfn =~ /\.(page|sequence)___\d+___ext/)) {
+        $thisfn=~s/\?.+$//;
+    }
     return $thisfn;
 }
 
@@ -8527,8 +9920,8 @@ sub clutter {
 	|| $thisfn =~ m{^/adm/(includes|pages)} ) { 
        $thisfn='/res'.$thisfn; 
     }
-    if ($thisfn !~m|/adm|) {
-	if ($thisfn =~ m|/ext/|) {
+    if ($thisfn !~m|^/adm|) {
+	if ($thisfn =~ m|^/ext/|) {
 	    $thisfn='/adm/wrapper'.$thisfn;
 	} else {
 	    my ($ext) = ($thisfn =~ /\.(\w+)$/);
@@ -8719,14 +10112,21 @@ sub get_dns {
     my %libserv;
     my $loaded;
     my %name_to_host;
+    my %internetdom;
+    my %LC_dns_serv;
 
     sub parse_hosts_tab {
 	my ($file) = @_;
 	foreach my $configline (@$file) {
 	    next if ($configline =~ /^(\#|\s*$ )/x);
-	    next if ($configline =~ /^\^/);
-	    chomp($configline);
-	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$protocol)=split(/:/,$configline);
+            chomp($configline);
+            if ($configline =~ /^\^/) {
+                if ($configline =~ /^\^([\w.\-]+)/) {
+                    $LC_dns_serv{$1} = 1;
+                }
+                next;
+            }
+	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$protocol,$intdom)=split(/:/,$configline);
 	    $name=~s/\s//g;
 	    if ($id && $domain && $role && $name) {
 		$hostname{$id}=$name;
@@ -8742,6 +10142,9 @@ sub get_dns {
                 } else {
                     $protocol{$id} = 'http';
                 }
+                if (defined($intdom)) {
+                    $internetdom{$id} = $intdom;
+                }
 	    }
 	}
     }
@@ -8803,6 +10206,12 @@ sub get_dns {
 	return %libserv;
     }
 
+    sub unique_library {
+        #2x reverse removes all hostnames that appear more than once
+        my %unique = reverse &all_library();
+        return reverse %unique;
+    }
+
     sub get_servers {
 	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
 
@@ -8826,6 +10235,11 @@ sub get_dns {
 	return %result;
     }
 
+    sub get_unique_servers {
+        my %unique = reverse &get_servers(@_);
+        return reverse %unique;
+    }
+
     sub host_domain {
 	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
 
@@ -8840,6 +10254,21 @@ sub get_dns {
 	my @uniq = grep(!$seen{$_}++, values(%hostdom));
 	return @uniq;
     }
+
+    sub internet_dom {
+        &load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+        my ($lonid) = @_;
+        return $internetdom{$lonid};
+    }
+
+    sub is_LC_dns {
+        &load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+        my ($hostname) = @_;
+        return exists($LC_dns_serv{$hostname});
+    }
+
 }
 
 { 
@@ -8932,6 +10361,65 @@ sub get_dns {
 
 	return %iphost;
     }
+
+    #
+    #  Given a DNS returns the loncapa host name for that DNS 
+    # 
+    sub host_from_dns {
+        my ($dns) = @_;
+        my @hosts;
+        my $ip;
+
+        if (exists($name_to_ip{$dns})) {
+            $ip = $name_to_ip{$dns};
+        }
+        if (!$ip) {
+            $ip = gethostbyname($dns); # Initial translation to IP is in net order.
+            if (length($ip) == 4) { 
+	        $ip   = &IO::Socket::inet_ntoa($ip);
+            }
+        }
+        if ($ip) {
+	    @hosts = get_hosts_from_ip($ip);
+	    return $hosts[0];
+        }
+        return undef;
+    }
+
+    sub get_internet_names {
+        my ($lonid) = @_;
+        return if ($lonid eq '');
+        my ($idnref,$cached)=
+            &Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('internetnames',$lonid);
+        if ($cached) {
+            return $idnref;
+        }
+        my $ip = &get_host_ip($lonid);
+        my @hosts = &get_hosts_from_ip($ip);
+        my %iphost = &get_iphost();
+        my (@idns,%seen);
+        foreach my $id (@hosts) {
+            my $dom = &host_domain($id);
+            my $prim_id = &domain($dom,'primary');
+            my $prim_ip = &get_host_ip($prim_id);
+            next if ($seen{$prim_ip});
+            if (ref($iphost{$prim_ip}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                foreach my $id (@{$iphost{$prim_ip}}) {
+                    my $intdom = &internet_dom($id);
+                    unless (grep(/^\Q$intdom\E$/,@idns)) {
+                        push(@idns,$intdom);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            $seen{$prim_ip} = 1;
+        }
+        return &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('internetnames',$lonid,\@idns,12*60*60);
+    }
+
+}
+
+sub all_loncaparevs {
+    return qw(1.1 1.2 1.3 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10);
 }
 
 BEGIN {
@@ -9009,6 +10497,53 @@ BEGIN {
     close($config);
 }
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read loncaparev table
+{
+    if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab") {
+        if (open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab")) {
+            while (my $configline=<$config>) {
+                chomp($configline);
+                my ($hostid,$loncaparev)=split(/:/,$configline);
+                $loncaparevs{$hostid}=$loncaparev;
+            }
+            close($config);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read serverhostID table
+{
+    if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab") {
+        if (open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab")) {
+            while (my $configline=<$config>) {
+                chomp($configline);
+                my ($name,$id)=split(/:/,$configline);
+                $serverhomeIDs{$name}=$id;
+            }
+            close($config);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+{
+    my $file = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/releaseslist.xml';
+    if (-e $file) {
+        my $parser = HTML::LCParser->new($file);
+        while (my $token = $parser->get_token()) {
+            if ($token->[0] eq 'S') {
+                my $item = $token->[1];
+                my $name = $token->[2]{'name'};
+                my $value = $token->[2]{'value'};
+                if ($item ne '' && $name ne '' && $value ne '') {
+                    my $release = $parser->get_text();
+                    $release =~ s/(^\s*|\s*$ )//gx;
+                    $needsrelease{$item.':'.$name.':'.$value} = $release;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 # ------------- set up temporary directory
 {
     $tmpdir = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/';
@@ -9213,9 +10748,11 @@ in the user's environment.db and in %env
 
 =item *
 X<delenv()>
-B<delenv($regexp)>: removes all items from the session
-environment file that matches the regular expression in $regexp. The
-values are also delted from the current processes %env.
+B<delenv($delthis,$regexp)>: removes all items from the session
+environment file that begin with $delthis. If the 
+optional second arg - $regexp - is true, $delthis is treated as a 
+regular expression, otherwise \Q$delthis\E is used. 
+The values are also deleted from the current processes %env.
 
 =item * get_env_multiple($name) 
 
@@ -9237,9 +10774,14 @@ authentication scheme
 
 =item *
 X<authenticate()>
-B<authenticate($uname,$upass,$udom)>: try to
+B<authenticate($uname,$upass,$udom,$checkdefauth,$clientcancheckhost)>: try to
 authenticate user from domain's lib servers (first use the current
 one). C<$upass> should be the users password.
+$checkdefauth is optional (value is 1 if a check should be made to
+   authenticate user using default authentication method, and allow
+   account creation if username does not have account in the domain).
+$clientcancheckhost is optional (value is 1 if checking whether the
+   server can host will occur on the client side in lonauth.pm).
 
 =item *
 X<homeserver()>
@@ -9312,9 +10854,14 @@ and course level
 
 =item *
 
-plaintext($short) : return value in %prp hash (rolesplain.tab); plain text
-explanation of a user role term
-
+plaintext($short,$type,$cid,$forcedefault) : return value in %prp hash 
+(rolesplain.tab); plain text explanation of a user role term.
+$type is Course (default) or Community.
+If $forcedefault evaluates to true, text returned will be default 
+text for $type. Otherwise, if this is a course, the text returned 
+will be a custom name for the role (if defined in the course's 
+environment).  If no custom name is defined the default is returned.
+   
 =item *
 
 get_my_roles($uname,$udom,$context,$types,$roles,$roledoms,$withsec) :
@@ -9356,9 +10903,16 @@ modifyuserauth($udom,$uname,$umode,$upas
 
 =item *
 
-modifyuser($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,
-           $forceid,$desiredhome,$email,$inststatus) : 
-modify user
+modifyuser($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last, $gene,
+           $forceid,$desiredhome,$email,$inststatus,$candelete) :
+
+will update user information (firstname,middlename,lastname,generation,
+permanentemail), and if forceid is true, student/employee ID also.
+A user's institutional affiliation(s) can also be updated.
+User information fields will not be overwritten with empty entries 
+unless the field is included in the $candelete array reference.
+This array is included when a single user is modified via "Manage Users",
+or when Autoupdate.pl is run by cron in a domain.
 
 =item *
 
@@ -9519,7 +11073,11 @@ database) for a course
 
 =item *
 
-createcourse($udom,$description,$url) : make/modify course
+createcourse($udom,$description,$url,$course_server,$nonstandard,$inst_code,$course_owner,$crstype,$cnum) : make course
+
+=item *
+
+generate_coursenum($udom,$crstype) : get a unique (unused) course number in domain $udom for course type $crstype (Course or Community).
 
 =back
 
@@ -9823,8 +11381,15 @@ dirlist($uri) : return directory list ba
 
 spareserver() : find server with least workload from spare.tab
 
+
+=item *
+
+host_from_dns($dns) : Returns the loncapa hostname corresponding to a DNS name or undef
+if there is no corresponding loncapa host.
+
 =back
 
+
 =head2 Apache Request
 
 =over 4
@@ -9872,11 +11437,11 @@ splitting on '&', supports elements that
 
 =head2 Logging Routines
 
-=over 4
-
 These routines allow one to make log messages in the lonnet.log and
 lonnet.perm logfiles.
 
+=over 4
+
 =item *
 
 logtouch() : make sure the logfile, lonnet.log, exists
@@ -9965,8 +11530,10 @@ userfileupload(): main rotine for puttin
            filename, and the contents of the file to create/modifed exist
            the filename is in $env{'form.'.$formname.'.filename'} and the
            contents of the file is located in $env{'form.'.$formname}
- coursedoc - if true, store the file in the course of the active role
-             of the current user
+ context - if coursedoc, store the file in the course of the active role
+             of the current user;
+           if 'existingfile': store in 'overwrites' in /home/httpd/perl/tmp
+           if 'canceloverwrite': delete file in tmp/overwrites directory
  subdir - required - subdirectory to put the file in under ../userfiles/
          if undefined, it will be placed in "unknown"
 
@@ -9988,16 +11555,29 @@ returns: the new clean filename
 
 =item *
 
-finishuserfileupload(): routine that creaes and sends the file to
+finishuserfileupload(): routine that creates and sends the file to
 userspace, probably shouldn't be called directly
 
   docuname: username or courseid of destination for the file
   docudom: domain of user/course of destination for the file
   formname: same as for userfileupload()
-  fname: filename (inculding subdirectories) for the file
+  fname: filename (including subdirectories) for the file
+  parser: if 'parse', will parse (html) file to extract references to objects, links etc.
+  allfiles: reference to hash used to store objects found by parser
+  codebase: reference to hash used for codebases of java objects found by parser
+  thumbwidth: width (pixels) of thumbnail to be created for uploaded image
+  thumbheight: height (pixels) of thumbnail to be created for uploaded image
+  resizewidth: width to be used to resize image using resizeImage from ImageMagick
+  resizeheight: height to be used to resize image using resizeImage from ImageMagick
+  context: if 'overwrite', will move the uploaded file from its temporary location to
+            userfiles to facilitate overwriting a previously uploaded file with same name.
+  mimetype: reference to scalar to accommodate mime type determined
+            from File::MMagic if $parser = parse.
 
  returns either the url of the uploaded file (/uploaded/....) if successful
- and /adm/notfound.html if unsuccessful
+ and /adm/notfound.html if unsuccessful (or an error message if context 
+ was 'overwrite').
+
 
 =item *