--- loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2001/03/19 16:46:24	1.108
+++ loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2006/07/07 21:55:23	1.761
@@ -1,120 +1,136 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network
 # TCP networking package
 #
-# Functions for use by content handlers:
+# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.761 2006/07/07 21:55:23 raeburn Exp $
 #
-# metadata_query(sql-query-string) : returns file handle of where sql
-#                                    results will be stored for query
-# plaintext(short)   : plain text explanation of short term
-# fileembstyle(ext)  : embed style in page for file extension
-# filedescription(ext) : descriptor text for file extension
-# allowed(short,url) : returns codes for allowed actions 
-#                      F: full access
-#                      U,I,K: authentication modes (cxx only)
-#                      '': forbidden
-#                      1: user needs to choose course
-#                      2: browse allowed
-# definerole(rolename,sys,dom,cou) : define a custom role rolename
-#                      set privileges in format of lonTabs/roles.tab for
-#                      system, domain and course level, 
-# assignrole(udom,uname,url,role,end,start) : give a role to a user for the
-#                      level given by url. Optional start and end dates
-#                      (leave empty string or zero for "no date") 
-# assigncustomrole (udom,uname,url,rdom,rnam,rolename,end,start) : give a
-#                      custom role to a user for the level given by url.
-#                      Specify name and domain of role author, and role name
-# revokerole (udom,uname,url,role) : Revoke a role for url
-# revokecustomrole (udom,uname,url,rdom,rnam,rolename) : Revoke a custom role
-# appenv(hash)       : adds hash to session environment
-# delenv(varname)    : deletes all environment entries starting with varname
-# store(hash)        : stores hash permanently for this url
-# cstore(hash)       : critical store
-# restore            : returns hash for this url
-# eget(namesp,array) : returns hash with keys from array filled in from namesp
-# get(namesp,array)  : returns hash with keys from array filled in from namesp
-# del(namesp,array)  : deletes keys out of array from namesp
-# put(namesp,hash)   : stores hash in namesp
-# cput(namesp,hash)  : critical put
-# dump(namesp)       : dumps the complete namespace into a hash
-# ssi(url,hash)      : does a complete request cycle on url to localhost, posts
-#                      hash
-# coursedescription(id) : returns and caches course description for id
-# repcopy(filename)  : replicate file
-# dirlist(url)       : gets a directory listing
-# directcondval(index) : reading condition value of single condition from 
-#                        state string
-# condval(index)     : value of condition index based on state
-# EXT(name)          : value of a variable
-# symblist(map,hash) : Updates symbolic storage links
-# symbread([filename]) : returns the data handle (filename optional)
-# rndseed()          : returns a random seed 
-# receipt()          : returns a receipt to be given out to users 
-# getfile(filename)  : returns the contents of filename, or a -1 if it can't
-#                      be found, replicates and subscribes to the file
-# filelocation(dir,file) : returns a farily clean absolute reference to file 
-#                          from the directory dir
-# hreflocation(dir,file) : same as filelocation, but for hrefs
-# log(domain,user,home,msg) : write to permanent log for user
-# usection(domain,user,courseid) : output of section name/number or '' for
-#                                  "not in course" and '-1' for "no section"
-# userenvironment(domain,user,what) : puts out any environment parameter 
-#                                     for a user
-# idput(domain,hash) : writes IDs for users from hash (name=>id,name=>id)
-# idget(domain,array): returns hash with usernames (id=>name,id=>name) for
-#                      an array of IDs
-# idrget(domain,array): returns hash with IDs for usernames (name=>id,...) for
-#                       an array of names
-# metadata(file,entry): returns the metadata entry for a file. entry='keys'
-#                       returns a comma separated list of keys
-#
-# 6/1/99,6/2,6/10,6/11,6/12,6/14,6/26,6/28,6/29,6/30,
-# 7/1,7/2,7/9,7/10,7/12,7/14,7/15,7/19,
-# 11/8,11/16,11/18,11/22,11/23,12/22,
-# 01/06,01/13,02/24,02/28,02/29,
-# 03/01,03/02,03/06,03/07,03/13,
-# 04/05,05/29,05/31,06/01,
-# 06/05,06/26 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 06/26 Ben Tyszka
-# 06/30,07/15,07/17,07/18,07/20,07/21,07/22,07/25 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 08/14 Ben Tyszka
-# 08/22,08/28,08/31,09/01,09/02,09/04,09/05,09/25,09/28,09/30 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 10/04 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 10/04 Guy Albertelli
-# 10/06,10/09,10/10,10/11,10/14,10/20,10/23,10/25,10/26,10/27,10/28,10/29, 
-# 10/30,10/31,
-# 11/2,11/14,11/15,11/16,11/20,11/21,11/22,11/25,11/27,
-# 12/02,12/12,12/13,12/14,12/28,12/29 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 05/01/01 Guy Albertelli
-# 05/01,06/01,09/01 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 09/01 Guy Albertelli
-# 09/01,10/01,11/01 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 02/27/01 Scott Harrison
-# 3/2 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 3/15 Scott Harrison
+# Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
+#
+# This file is part of the LearningOnline Network with CAPA (LON-CAPA).
+#
+# LON-CAPA is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# LON-CAPA is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with LON-CAPA; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# /home/httpd/html/adm/gpl.txt
+#
+# http://www.lon-capa.org/
+#
+###
 
 package Apache::lonnet;
 
 use strict;
-use Apache::File;
 use LWP::UserAgent();
 use HTTP::Headers;
+use HTTP::Date;
+# use Date::Parse;
 use vars 
-qw(%perlvar %hostname %homecache %spareid %hostdom %libserv %pr %prp %fe %fd $readit %metacache);
+qw(%perlvar %hostname %badServerCache %iphost %spareid %hostdom 
+   %libserv %pr %prp $memcache %packagetab 
+   %courselogs %accesshash %userrolehash %domainrolehash $processmarker $dumpcount 
+   %coursedombuf %coursenumbuf %coursehombuf %coursedescrbuf %courseinstcodebuf %courseownerbuf %coursetypebuf
+   %domaindescription %domain_auth_def %domain_auth_arg_def 
+   %domain_lang_def %domain_city %domain_longi %domain_lati %domain_primary
+   $tmpdir $_64bit %env);
+
 use IO::Socket;
 use GDBM_File;
-use Apache::Constants qw(:common :http);
-use HTML::TokeParser;
+use HTML::LCParser;
+use HTML::Parser;
 use Fcntl qw(:flock);
+use Storable qw(lock_store lock_nstore lock_retrieve freeze thaw nfreeze);
+use Time::HiRes qw( gettimeofday tv_interval );
+use Cache::Memcached;
+use Digest::MD5;
+use lib '/home/httpd/lib/perl';
+use LONCAPA;
+use LONCAPA::Configuration;
+
+my $readit;
+my $max_connection_retries = 10;     # Or some such value.
+
+require Exporter;
+
+our @ISA = qw (Exporter);
+our @EXPORT = qw(%env);
+
+=pod
+
+=head1 Package Variables
+
+These are largely undocumented, so if you decipher one please note it here.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item $processmarker
+
+Contains the time this process was started and this servers host id.
+
+=item $dumpcount
+
+Counts the number of times a message log flush has been attempted (regardless
+of success) by this process.  Used as part of the filename when messages are
+delayed.
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------- Logging
+{
+    my $logid;
+    sub instructor_log {
+	my ($hash_name,$storehash,$delflag,$uname,$udom)=@_;
+	$logid++;
+	my $id=time().'00000'.$$.'00000'.$logid;
+	return &Apache::lonnet::put('nohist_'.$hash_name,
+				    { $id => {
+					'exe_uname' => $env{'user.name'},
+					'exe_udom'  => $env{'user.domain'},
+					'exe_time'  => time(),
+					'exe_ip'    => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'},
+					'delflag'   => $delflag,
+					'logentry'  => $storehash,
+					'uname'     => $uname,
+					'udom'      => $udom,
+				    }
+				  },
+				    $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'},
+				    $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'}
+				    );
+    }
+}
+
+sub logtouch {
+    my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+    unless (-e "$execdir/logs/lonnet.log") {	
+	open(my $fh,">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.log");
+	close $fh;
+    }
+    my ($wwwuid,$wwwgid)=(getpwnam('www'))[2,3];
+    chown($wwwuid,$wwwgid,$execdir.'/logs/lonnet.log');
+}
 
 sub logthis {
     my $message=shift;
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     my $now=time;
     my $local=localtime($now);
-    my $fh=Apache::File->new(">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.log");
-    print $fh "$local ($$): $message\n";
+    if (open(my $fh,">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.log")) {
+	print $fh "$local ($$): $message\n";
+	close($fh);
+    }
     return 1;
 }
 
@@ -123,32 +139,60 @@ sub logperm {
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     my $now=time;
     my $local=localtime($now);
-    my $fh=Apache::File->new(">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.perm.log");
-    print $fh "$now:$message:$local\n";
+    if (open(my $fh,">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.perm.log")) {
+	print $fh "$now:$message:$local\n";
+	close($fh);
+    }
     return 1;
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------- Non-critical communication
 sub subreply {
     my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
-    my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server";
-    my $client=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    =>"$peerfile",
-                                     Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
-                                     Timeout => 10)
-       or return "con_lost";
-    print $client "$cmd\n";
-    my $answer=<$client>;
-    if (!$answer) { $answer="con_lost"; }
-    chomp($answer);
+    my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/".$hostname{$server};
+    #
+    #  With loncnew process trimming, there's a timing hole between lonc server
+    #  process exit and the master server picking up the listen on the AF_UNIX
+    #  socket.  In that time interval, a lock file will exist:
+
+    my $lockfile=$peerfile.".lock";
+    while (-e $lockfile) {	# Need to wait for the lockfile to disappear.
+	sleep(1);
+    }
+    # At this point, either a loncnew parent is listening or an old lonc
+    # or loncnew child is listening so we can connect or everything's dead.
+    #
+    #   We'll give the connection a few tries before abandoning it.  If
+    #   connection is not possible, we'll con_lost back to the client.
+    #   
+    my $client;
+    for (my $retries = 0; $retries < $max_connection_retries; $retries++) {
+	$client=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    =>"$peerfile",
+				      Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
+				      Timeout => 10);
+	if($client) {
+	    last;		# Connected!
+	}
+	sleep(1);		# Try again later if failed connection.
+    }
+    my $answer;
+    if ($client) {
+	print $client "sethost:$server:$cmd\n";
+	$answer=<$client>;
+	if (!$answer) { $answer="con_lost"; }
+	chomp($answer);
+    } else {
+	$answer = 'con_lost';	# Failed connection.
+    }
     return $answer;
 }
 
 sub reply {
     my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
+    unless (defined($hostname{$server})) { return 'no_such_host'; }
     my $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
-    if ($answer eq 'con_lost') { $answer=subreply($cmd,$server); }
     if (($answer=~/^refused/) || ($answer=~/^rejected/)) {
-       &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING:".
+       &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
                 " $cmd to $server returned $answer</font>");
     }
     return $answer;
@@ -160,7 +204,7 @@ sub reconlonc {
     my $peerfile=shift;
     &logthis("Trying to reconnect for $peerfile");
     my $loncfile="$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/logs/lonc.pid";
-    if (my $fh=Apache::File->new("$loncfile")) {
+    if (open(my $fh,"<$loncfile")) {
 	my $loncpid=<$fh>;
         chomp($loncpid);
         if (kill 0 => $loncpid) {
@@ -172,14 +216,14 @@ sub reconlonc {
             sleep 5;
             if (-e "$peerfile") { return; }
             &logthis(
-  "<font color=blue>WARNING: $peerfile still not there, giving up</font>");
+  "<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: $peerfile still not there, giving up</font>");
         } else {
 	    &logthis(
-               "<font color=blue>WARNING:".
+               "<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
                " lonc at pid $loncpid not responding, giving up</font>");
         }
     } else {
-     &logthis('<font color=blue>WARNING: lonc not running, giving up</font>');
+     &logthis('<font color="blue">WARNING: lonc not running, giving up</font>');
     }
 }
 
@@ -188,46 +232,46 @@ sub reconlonc {
 sub critical {
     my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
     unless ($hostname{$server}) {
-        &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING:".
+        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
                " Critical message to unknown server ($server)</font>");
         return 'no_such_host';
     }
     my $answer=reply($cmd,$server);
     if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
-        my $pingreply=reply('ping',$server);
 	&reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server");
-        my $pongreply=reply('pong',$server);
-        &logthis("Ping/Pong for $server: $pingreply/$pongreply");
-        $answer=reply($cmd,$server);
+	my $answer=reply($cmd,$server);
         if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
             my $now=time;
             my $middlename=$cmd;
             $middlename=substr($middlename,0,16);
             $middlename=~s/\W//g;
             my $dfilename=
-             "$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/delayed/$now.$middlename.$server";
+      "$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/delayed/$now.$dumpcount.$$.$middlename.$server";
+            $dumpcount++;
             {
-             my $dfh;
-             if ($dfh=Apache::File->new(">$dfilename")) {
-                print $dfh "$cmd\n";
-	     }
+		my $dfh;
+		if (open($dfh,">$dfilename")) {
+		    print $dfh "$cmd\n"; 
+		    close($dfh);
+		}
             }
             sleep 2;
             my $wcmd='';
             {
-	     my $dfh;
-             if ($dfh=Apache::File->new("$dfilename")) {
-                $wcmd=<$dfh>;
-	     }
+		my $dfh;
+		if (open($dfh,"<$dfilename")) {
+		    $wcmd=<$dfh>; 
+		    close($dfh);
+		}
             }
             chomp($wcmd);
             if ($wcmd eq $cmd) {
-		&logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
+		&logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
                          "Connection buffer $dfilename: $cmd</font>");
                 &logperm("D:$server:$cmd");
 	        return 'con_delayed';
             } else {
-                &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL:"
+                &logthis("<font color=\"red\">CRITICAL:"
                         ." Critical connection failed: $server $cmd</font>");
                 &logperm("F:$server:$cmd");
                 return 'con_failed';
@@ -237,180 +281,347 @@ sub critical {
     return $answer;
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------- check if return value is an error
+
+sub error {
+    my ($result) = @_;
+    if ($result =~ /^(con_lost|no_such_host|error: (\d+) (.*))/) {
+	if ($2 == 2) { return undef; }
+	return $1;
+    }
+    return undef;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------- Transfer profile into environment
+
+sub transfer_profile_to_env {
+    my ($lonidsdir,$handle)=@_;
+    if (!defined($lonidsdir)) {
+	$lonidsdir = $perlvar{'lonIDsDir'};
+    }
+    if (!defined($handle)) {
+        ($handle) = ($env{'user.environment'} =~m|/([^/]+)\.id$| );
+    }
+
+    my @profile;
+    {
+	open(my $idf,"$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
+	flock($idf,LOCK_SH);
+	@profile=<$idf>;
+	close($idf);
+    }
+    my $envi;
+    my %Remove;
+    for ($envi=0;$envi<=$#profile;$envi++) {
+	chomp($profile[$envi]);
+	my ($envname,$envvalue)=split(/=/,$profile[$envi],2);
+	$envname=&unescape($envname);
+	$envvalue=&unescape($envvalue);
+	$env{$envname} = $envvalue;
+        if (my ($key,$time) = ($envname =~ /^(cgi\.(\d+)_\d+\.)/)) {
+            if ($time < time-300) {
+                $Remove{$key}++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    $env{'user.environment'} = "$lonidsdir/$handle.id";
+    foreach my $expired_key (keys(%Remove)) {
+        &delenv($expired_key);
+    }
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Append Environment
 
 sub appenv {
     my %newenv=@_;
-    map {
-	if (($newenv{$_}=~/^user\.role/) || ($newenv{$_}=~/^user\.priv/)) {
-            &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                "Attempt to modify environment ".$_." to ".$newenv{$_});
-	    delete($newenv{$_});
+    foreach my $key (keys(%newenv)) {
+	if (($newenv{$key}=~/^user\.role/) || ($newenv{$key}=~/^user\.priv/)) {
+            &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
+                "Attempt to modify environment ".$key." to ".$newenv{$key}
+                .'</font>');
+	    delete($newenv{$key});
         } else {
-            $ENV{$_}=$newenv{$_};
+            $env{$key}=$newenv{$key};
         }
-    } keys %newenv;
+    }
 
     my $lockfh;
-    unless ($lockfh=Apache::File->new("$ENV{'user.environment'}")) {
-       return 'error: '.$!;
+    unless (open($lockfh,"$env{'user.environment'}")) {
+	return 'error: '.$!;
     }
     unless (flock($lockfh,LOCK_EX)) {
-         &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
+         &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
                   'Could not obtain exclusive lock in appenv: '.$!);
-         $lockfh->close();
+         close($lockfh);
          return 'error: '.$!;
     }
 
     my @oldenv;
     {
-     my $fh;
-     unless ($fh=Apache::File->new("$ENV{'user.environment'}")) {
-	return 'error: '.$!;
-     }
-     @oldenv=<$fh>;
-     $fh->close();
+	my $fh;
+	unless (open($fh,"$env{'user.environment'}")) {
+	    return 'error: '.$!;
+	}
+	@oldenv=<$fh>;
+	close($fh);
     }
     for (my $i=0; $i<=$#oldenv; $i++) {
         chomp($oldenv[$i]);
         if ($oldenv[$i] ne '') {
-           my ($name,$value)=split(/=/,$oldenv[$i]);
-           unless (defined($newenv{$name})) {
-	      $newenv{$name}=$value;
-	   }
+	    my ($name,$value)=split(/=/,$oldenv[$i],2);
+	    $name=&unescape($name);
+	    $value=&unescape($value);
+	    unless (defined($newenv{$name})) {
+		$newenv{$name}=$value;
+	    }
         }
     }
     {
-     my $fh;
-     unless ($fh=Apache::File->new(">$ENV{'user.environment'}")) {
-	return 'error';
-     }
-     my $newname;
-     foreach $newname (keys %newenv) {
-	 print $fh "$newname=$newenv{$newname}\n";
-     }
-     $fh->close();
+	my $fh;
+	unless (open($fh,">$env{'user.environment'}")) {
+	    return 'error';
+	}
+	my $newname;
+	foreach $newname (keys %newenv) {
+	    print $fh &escape($newname).'='.&escape($newenv{$newname})."\n";
+	}
+	close($fh);
     }
-
-    $lockfh->close();
+	
+    close($lockfh);
     return 'ok';
 }
 # ----------------------------------------------------- Delete from Environment
 
 sub delenv {
     my $delthis=shift;
-    my %newenv=();
     if (($delthis=~/user\.role/) || ($delthis=~/user\.priv/)) {
-        &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
+        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
                 "Attempt to delete from environment ".$delthis);
         return 'error';
     }
     my @oldenv;
     {
-     my $fh;
-     unless ($fh=Apache::File->new("$ENV{'user.environment'}")) {
-	return 'error';
-     }
-     unless (flock($fh,LOCK_SH)) {
-         &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                  'Could not obtain shared lock in delenv: '.$!);
-         $fh->close();
-         return 'error: '.$!;
-     }
-     @oldenv=<$fh>;
-     $fh->close();
+	my $fh;
+	unless (open($fh,"$env{'user.environment'}")) {
+	    return 'error';
+	}
+	unless (flock($fh,LOCK_SH)) {
+	    &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
+		     'Could not obtain shared lock in delenv: '.$!);
+	    close($fh);
+	    return 'error: '.$!;
+	}
+	@oldenv=<$fh>;
+	close($fh);
     }
     {
-     my $fh;
-     unless ($fh=Apache::File->new(">$ENV{'user.environment'}")) {
-	return 'error';
-     }
-     unless (flock($fh,LOCK_EX)) {
-         &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                  'Could not obtain exclusive lock in delenv: '.$!);
-         $fh->close();
-         return 'error: '.$!;
-     }
-     map {
-	 unless ($_=~/^$delthis/) { print $fh $_; }
-     } @oldenv;
-     $fh->close();
+	my $fh;
+	unless (open($fh,">$env{'user.environment'}")) {
+	    return 'error';
+	}
+	unless (flock($fh,LOCK_EX)) {
+	    &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
+		     'Could not obtain exclusive lock in delenv: '.$!);
+	    close($fh);
+	    return 'error: '.$!;
+	}
+	foreach my $cur_key (@oldenv) {
+	    my $unescaped_cur_key = &unescape($cur_key);
+	    if ($unescaped_cur_key=~/^$delthis/) { 
+                my ($key) = split('=',$cur_key,2);
+		$key = &unescape($key);
+                delete($env{$key});
+            } else {
+                print $fh $cur_key; 
+            }
+	}
+	close($fh);
     }
     return 'ok';
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------ Find out current server userload
+# there is a copy in lond
+sub userload {
+    my $numusers=0;
+    {
+	opendir(LONIDS,$perlvar{'lonIDsDir'});
+	my $filename;
+	my $curtime=time;
+	while ($filename=readdir(LONIDS)) {
+	    if ($filename eq '.' || $filename eq '..') {next;}
+	    my ($mtime)=(stat($perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.$filename))[9];
+	    if ($curtime-$mtime < 1800) { $numusers++; }
+	}
+	closedir(LONIDS);
+    }
+    my $userloadpercent=0;
+    my $maxuserload=$perlvar{'lonUserLoadLim'};
+    if ($maxuserload) {
+	$userloadpercent=100*$numusers/$maxuserload;
+    }
+    $userloadpercent=sprintf("%.2f",$userloadpercent);
+    return $userloadpercent;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------ Fight off request when overloaded
+
+sub overloaderror {
+    my ($r,$checkserver)=@_;
+    unless ($checkserver) { $checkserver=$perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
+    my $loadavg;
+    if ($checkserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+       open(my $loadfile,'/proc/loadavg');
+       $loadavg=<$loadfile>;
+       $loadavg =~ s/\s.*//g;
+       $loadavg = 100*$loadavg/$perlvar{'lonLoadLim'};
+       close($loadfile);
+    } else {
+       $loadavg=&reply('load',$checkserver);
+    }
+    my $overload=$loadavg-100;
+    if ($overload>0) {
+	$r->err_headers_out->{'Retry-After'}=$overload;
+        $r->log_error('Overload of '.$overload.' on '.$checkserver);
+        return 413;
+    }    
+    return '';
+}
+
 # ------------------------------ Find server with least workload from spare.tab
 
 sub spareserver {
+    my ($loadpercent,$userloadpercent,$want_server_name) = @_;
     my $tryserver;
     my $spareserver='';
-    my $lowestserver=100;
-    foreach $tryserver (keys %spareid) {
-       my $answer=reply('load',$tryserver);
-       if (($answer =~ /\d/) && ($answer<$lowestserver)) {
-	   $spareserver="http://$hostname{$tryserver}";
-           $lowestserver=$answer;
-       }
-    }    
+    if ($userloadpercent !~ /\d/) { $userloadpercent=0; }
+    my $lowestserver=$loadpercent > $userloadpercent?
+	             $loadpercent :  $userloadpercent;
+    foreach $tryserver (keys(%spareid)) {
+	my $loadans=&reply('load',$tryserver);
+	my $userloadans=&reply('userload',$tryserver);
+	if ($loadans !~ /\d/ && $userloadans !~ /\d/) {
+	    next; #didn't get a number from the server
+	}
+	my $answer;
+	if ($loadans =~ /\d/) {
+	    if ($userloadans =~ /\d/) {
+		#both are numbers, pick the bigger one
+		$answer=$loadans > $userloadans?
+		    $loadans :  $userloadans;
+	    } else {
+		$answer = $loadans;
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    $answer = $userloadans;
+	}
+	if (($answer =~ /\d/) && ($answer<$lowestserver)) {
+	    if ($want_server_name) {
+		$spareserver=$tryserver;
+	    } else {
+		$spareserver="http://$hostname{$tryserver}";
+	    }
+	    $lowestserver=$answer;
+	}
+    }
     return $spareserver;
 }
 
+# --------------------------------------------- Try to change a user's password
+
+sub changepass {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$currentpass,$newpass,$server)=@_;
+    $currentpass = &escape($currentpass);
+    $newpass     = &escape($newpass);
+    my $answer = reply("encrypt:passwd:$udom:$uname:$currentpass:$newpass",
+		       $server);
+    if (! $answer) {
+	&logthis("No reply on password change request to $server ".
+		 "by $uname in domain $udom.");
+    } elsif ($answer =~ "^ok") {
+        &logthis("$uname in $udom successfully changed their password ".
+		 "on $server.");
+    } elsif ($answer =~ "^pwchange_failure") {
+	&logthis("$uname in $udom was unable to change their password ".
+		 "on $server.  The action was blocked by either lcpasswd ".
+		 "or pwchange");
+    } elsif ($answer =~ "^non_authorized") {
+        &logthis("$uname in $udom did not get their password correct when ".
+		 "attempting to change it on $server.");
+    } elsif ($answer =~ "^auth_mode_error") {
+        &logthis("$uname in $udom attempted to change their password despite ".
+		 "not being locally or internally authenticated on $server.");
+    } elsif ($answer =~ "^unknown_user") {
+        &logthis("$uname in $udom attempted to change their password ".
+		 "on $server but were unable to because $server is not ".
+		 "their home server.");
+    } elsif ($answer =~ "^refused") {
+	&logthis("$server refused to change $uname in $udom password because ".
+		 "it was sent an unencrypted request to change the password.");
+    }
+    return $answer;
+}
+
+# ----------------------- Try to determine user's current authentication scheme
+
+sub queryauthenticate {
+    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    if (!$uhome) {
+	&logthis("User $uname at $udom is unknown when looking for authentication mechanism");
+	return 'no_host';
+    }
+    my $answer=reply("encrypt:currentauth:$udom:$uname",$uhome);
+    if ($answer =~ /^(unknown_user|refused|con_lost)/) {
+	&logthis("User $uname at $udom threw error $answer when checking authentication mechanism");
+    }
+    return $answer;
+}
+
 # --------- Try to authenticate user from domain's lib servers (first this one)
 
 sub authenticate {
     my ($uname,$upass,$udom)=@_;
     $upass=escape($upass);
-    if (($perlvar{'lonRole'} eq 'library') && 
-        ($udom eq $perlvar{'lonDefDomain'})) {
-    my $answer=reply("encrypt:auth:$udom:$uname:$upass",$perlvar{'lonHostID'});
-        if ($answer =~ /authorized/) {
-              if ($answer eq 'authorized') {
-                 &logthis("User $uname at $udom authorized by local server"); 
-                 return $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; 
-              }
-              if ($answer eq 'non_authorized') {
-                 &logthis("User $uname at $udom rejected by local server"); 
-                 return 'no_host'; 
-              }
-	}
-    }
-
-    my $tryserver;
-    foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
-	if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $udom) {
-           my $answer=reply("encrypt:auth:$udom:$uname:$upass",$tryserver);
-           if ($answer =~ /authorized/) {
-              if ($answer eq 'authorized') {
-                 &logthis("User $uname at $udom authorized by $tryserver"); 
-                 return $tryserver; 
-              }
-              if ($answer eq 'non_authorized') {
-                 &logthis("User $uname at $udom rejected by $tryserver");
-                 return 'no_host';
-              } 
-	   }
-       }
+    $uname=~s/\W//g;
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    if (!$uhome) {
+	&logthis("User $uname at $udom is unknown in authenticate");
+	return 'no_host';
+    }
+    my $answer=reply("encrypt:auth:$udom:$uname:$upass",$uhome);
+    if ($answer eq 'authorized') {
+	&logthis("User $uname at $udom authorized by $uhome"); 
+	return $uhome; 
+    }
+    if ($answer eq 'non_authorized') {
+	&logthis("User $uname at $udom rejected by $uhome");
+	return 'no_host'; 
     }
-    &logthis("User $uname at $udom could not be authenticated");    
+    &logthis("User $uname at $udom threw error $answer when checking authentication mechanism");
     return 'no_host';
 }
 
 # ---------------------- Find the homebase for a user from domain's lib servers
 
+my %homecache;
 sub homeserver {
-    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
-
+    my ($uname,$udom,$ignoreBadCache)=@_;
     my $index="$uname:$udom";
-    if ($homecache{$index}) { return "$homecache{$index}"; }
 
+    if (exists($homecache{$index})) { return $homecache{$index}; }
     my $tryserver;
     foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
+        next if ($ignoreBadCache ne 'true' && 
+		 exists($badServerCache{$tryserver}));
 	if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $udom) {
            my $answer=reply("home:$udom:$uname",$tryserver);
            if ($answer eq 'found') { 
-	      $homecache{$index}=$tryserver;
-              return $tryserver; 
-	   }
+	       return $homecache{$index}=$tryserver;
+           } elsif ($answer eq 'no_host') {
+	       $badServerCache{$tryserver}=1;
+           }
        }
     }    
     return 'no_host';
@@ -448,9 +659,9 @@ sub idget {
 sub idrget {
     my ($udom,@unames)=@_;
     my %returnhash=();
-    map {
+    foreach (@unames) {
         $returnhash{$_}=(&userenvironment($udom,$_,'id'))[1];
-    } @unames;
+    }
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
@@ -459,7 +670,8 @@ sub idrget {
 sub idput {
     my ($udom,%ids)=@_;
     my %servers=();
-    map {
+    foreach (keys %ids) {
+	&cput('environment',{'id'=>$ids{$_}},$udom,$_);
         my $uhom=&homeserver($_,$udom);
         if ($uhom ne 'no_host') {
             my $id=&escape($ids{$_});
@@ -470,42 +682,298 @@ sub idput {
             } else {
                 $servers{$uhom}=$id.'='.$unam;
             }
-            &critical('put:'.$udom.':'.$unam.':environment:id='.$id,$uhom);
         }
-    } keys %ids;
-    map {
+    }
+    foreach (keys %servers) {
         &critical('idput:'.$udom.':'.$servers{$_},$_);
-    } keys %servers;
+    }
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------- Assign a key to a student
+
+sub assign_access_key {
+#
+# a valid key looks like uname:udom#comments
+# comments are being appended
+#
+    my ($ckey,$kdom,$knum,$cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname,$logentry)=@_;
+    $kdom=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} unless (defined($kdom));
+    $knum=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'} unless (defined($knum));
+    $cdom=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} unless (defined($cdom));
+    $cnum=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'} unless (defined($cnum));
+    $udom=$env{'user.name'} unless (defined($udom));
+    $uname=$env{'user.domain'} unless (defined($uname));
+    my %existing=&get('accesskeys',[$ckey],$kdom,$knum);
+    if (($existing{$ckey}=~/^\#(.*)$/) || # - new key
+        ($existing{$ckey}=~/^\Q$uname\E\:\Q$udom\E\#(.*)$/)) { 
+                                                  # assigned to this person
+                                                  # - this should not happen,
+                                                  # unless something went wrong
+                                                  # the first time around
+# ready to assign
+        $logentry=$1.'; '.$logentry;
+        if (&put('accesskeys',{$ckey=>$uname.':'.$udom.'#'.$logentry},
+                                                 $kdom,$knum) eq 'ok') {
+# key now belongs to user
+	    my $envkey='key.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+            if (&put('environment',{$envkey => $ckey}) eq 'ok') {
+                &appenv('environment.'.$envkey => $ckey);
+                return 'ok';
+            } else {
+                return 
+  'error: Count not permanently assign key, will need to be re-entered later.';
+	    }
+        } else {
+            return 'error: Could not assign key, try again later.';
+        }
+    } elsif (!$existing{$ckey}) {
+# the key does not exist
+	return 'error: The key does not exist';
+    } else {
+# the key is somebody else's
+	return 'error: The key is already in use';
+    }
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------ put an additional comment on a key
+
+sub comment_access_key {
+#
+# a valid key looks like uname:udom#comments
+# comments are being appended
+#
+    my ($ckey,$cdom,$cnum,$logentry)=@_;
+    $cdom=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} unless (defined($cdom));
+    $cnum=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'} unless (defined($cnum));
+    my %existing=&get('accesskeys',[$ckey],$cdom,$cnum);
+    if ($existing{$ckey}) {
+        $existing{$ckey}.='; '.$logentry;
+# ready to assign
+        if (&put('accesskeys',{$ckey=>$existing{$ckey}},
+                                                 $cdom,$cnum) eq 'ok') {
+	    return 'ok';
+        } else {
+	    return 'error: Count not store comment.';
+        }
+    } else {
+# the key does not exist
+	return 'error: The key does not exist';
+    }
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------ Generate a set of keys
+
+sub generate_access_keys {
+    my ($number,$cdom,$cnum,$logentry)=@_;
+    $cdom=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} unless (defined($cdom));
+    $cnum=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'} unless (defined($cnum));
+    unless (&allowed('mky',$cdom)) { return 0; }
+    unless (($cdom) && ($cnum)) { return 0; }
+    if ($number>10000) { return 0; }
+    sleep(2); # make sure don't get same seed twice
+    srand(time()^($$+($$<<15))); # from "Programming Perl"
+    my $total=0;
+    for (my $i=1;$i<=$number;$i++) {
+       my $newkey=sprintf("%lx",int(100000*rand)).'-'.
+                  sprintf("%lx",int(100000*rand)).'-'.
+                  sprintf("%lx",int(100000*rand));
+       $newkey=~s/1/g/g; # folks mix up 1 and l
+       $newkey=~s/0/h/g; # and also 0 and O
+       my %existing=&get('accesskeys',[$newkey],$cdom,$cnum);
+       if ($existing{$newkey}) {
+           $i--;
+       } else {
+	  if (&put('accesskeys',
+              { $newkey => '# generated '.localtime().
+                           ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.'@'.$env{'user.domain'}.
+                           '; '.$logentry },
+		   $cdom,$cnum) eq 'ok') {
+              $total++;
+	  }
+       }
+    }
+    &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},
+         'Generated '.$total.' keys for '.$cnum.' at '.$cdom);
+    return $total;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------- Validate an accesskey
+
+sub validate_access_key {
+    my ($ckey,$cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname)=@_;
+    $cdom=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} unless (defined($cdom));
+    $cnum=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'} unless (defined($cnum));
+    $udom=$env{'user.domain'} unless (defined($udom));
+    $uname=$env{'user.name'} unless (defined($uname));
+    my %existing=&get('accesskeys',[$ckey],$cdom,$cnum);
+    return ($existing{$ckey}=~/^\Q$uname\E\:\Q$udom\E\#/);
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------- Find the section of student in a course
+sub devalidate_getsection_cache {
+    my ($udom,$unam,$courseid)=@_;
+    $courseid=~s/\_/\//g;
+    $courseid=~s/^(\w)/\/$1/;
+    my $hashid="$udom:$unam:$courseid";
+    &devalidate_cache_new('getsection',$hashid);
+}
 
-sub usection {
+sub getsection {
     my ($udom,$unam,$courseid)=@_;
+    my $cachetime=1800;
     $courseid=~s/\_/\//g;
     $courseid=~s/^(\w)/\/$1/;
-    map {
+
+    my $hashid="$udom:$unam:$courseid";
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('getsection',$hashid);
+    if (defined($cached)) { return $result; }
+
+    my %Pending; 
+    my %Expired;
+    #
+    # Each role can either have not started yet (pending), be active, 
+    #    or have expired.
+    #
+    # If there is an active role, we are done.
+    #
+    # If there is more than one role which has not started yet, 
+    #     choose the one which will start sooner
+    # If there is one role which has not started yet, return it.
+    #
+    # If there is more than one expired role, choose the one which ended last.
+    # If there is a role which has expired, return it.
+    #
+    foreach (split(/\&/,&reply('dump:'.$udom.':'.$unam.':roles',
+                        &homeserver($unam,$udom)))) {
         my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$_);
         $key=&unescape($key);
-        if ($key=~/^$courseid(?:\/)*(\w+)*\_st$/) {
-            my $section=$1;
-            if ($key eq $courseid.'_st') { $section=''; }
-	    my ($dummy,$end,$start)=split(/\_/,&unescape($value));
-            my $now=time;
-            my $notactive=0;
-            if ($start) {
-		if ($now<$start) { $notactive=1; }
-            }
-            if ($end) {
-                if ($now>$end) { $notactive=1; }
-            } 
-            unless ($notactive) { return $section; }
-        }
-    } split(/\&/,&reply('dump:'.$udom.':'.$unam.':roles',
-                        &homeserver($unam,$udom)));
-    return '-1';
+        next if ($key !~/^\Q$courseid\E(?:\/)*(\w+)*\_st$/);
+        my $section=$1;
+        if ($key eq $courseid.'_st') { $section=''; }
+        my ($dummy,$end,$start)=split(/\_/,&unescape($value));
+        my $now=time;
+        if (defined($end) && $end && ($now > $end)) {
+            $Expired{$end}=$section;
+            next;
+        }
+        if (defined($start) && $start && ($now < $start)) {
+            $Pending{$start}=$section;
+            next;
+        }
+        return &do_cache_new('getsection',$hashid,$section,$cachetime);
+    }
+    #
+    # Presumedly there will be few matching roles from the above
+    # loop and the sorting time will be negligible.
+    if (scalar(keys(%Pending))) {
+        my ($time) = sort {$a <=> $b} keys(%Pending);
+        return &do_cache_new('getsection',$hashid,$Pending{$time},$cachetime);
+    } 
+    if (scalar(keys(%Expired))) {
+        my @sorted = sort {$a <=> $b} keys(%Expired);
+        my $time = pop(@sorted);
+        return &do_cache_new('getsection',$hashid,$Expired{$time},$cachetime);
+    }
+    return &do_cache_new('getsection',$hashid,'-1',$cachetime);
+}
+
+sub save_cache {
+    &purge_remembered();
+    #&Apache::loncommon::validate_page();
+    undef(%env);
+}
+
+my $to_remember=-1;
+my %remembered;
+my %accessed;
+my $kicks=0;
+my $hits=0;
+sub devalidate_cache_new {
+    my ($name,$id,$debug) = @_;
+    if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("deleting $name:$id"); }
+    $id=&escape($name.':'.$id);
+    $memcache->delete($id);
+    delete($remembered{$id});
+    delete($accessed{$id});
+}
+
+sub is_cached_new {
+    my ($name,$id,$debug) = @_;
+    $id=&escape($name.':'.$id);
+    if (exists($remembered{$id})) {
+	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("Earyl return $id of $remembered{$id} "); }
+	$accessed{$id}=[&gettimeofday()];
+	$hits++;
+	return ($remembered{$id},1);
+    }
+    my $value = $memcache->get($id);
+    if (!(defined($value))) {
+	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("getting $id is not defined"); }
+	return (undef,undef);
+    }
+    if ($value eq '__undef__') {
+	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("getting $id is __undef__"); }
+	$value=undef;
+    }
+    &make_room($id,$value,$debug);
+    if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("getting $id is $value"); }
+    return ($value,1);
+}
+
+sub do_cache_new {
+    my ($name,$id,$value,$time,$debug) = @_;
+    $id=&escape($name.':'.$id);
+    my $setvalue=$value;
+    if (!defined($setvalue)) {
+	$setvalue='__undef__';
+    }
+    if (!defined($time) ) {
+	$time=600;
+    }
+    if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("Setting $id to $value"); }
+    $memcache->set($id,$setvalue,$time);
+    # need to make a copy of $value
+    #&make_room($id,$value,$debug);
+    return $value;
+}
+
+sub make_room {
+    my ($id,$value,$debug)=@_;
+    $remembered{$id}=$value;
+    if ($to_remember<0) { return; }
+    $accessed{$id}=[&gettimeofday()];
+    if (scalar(keys(%remembered)) <= $to_remember) { return; }
+    my $to_kick;
+    my $max_time=0;
+    foreach my $other (keys(%accessed)) {
+	if (&tv_interval($accessed{$other}) > $max_time) {
+	    $to_kick=$other;
+	    $max_time=&tv_interval($accessed{$other});
+	}
+    }
+    delete($remembered{$to_kick});
+    delete($accessed{$to_kick});
+    $kicks++;
+    if ($debug) { &logthis("kicking $to_kick $max_time $kicks\n"); }
+    return;
 }
 
+sub purge_remembered {
+    #&logthis("Tossing ".scalar(keys(%remembered)));
+    #&logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%remembered',length(&freeze(\%remembered))));
+    undef(%remembered);
+    undef(%accessed);
+}
 # ------------------------------------- Read an entry from a user's environment
 
 sub userenvironment {
@@ -521,16 +989,106 @@ sub userenvironment {
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Get a studentphoto
+sub studentphoto {
+    my ($udom,$unam,$ext) = @_;
+    my $home=&Apache::lonnet::homeserver($unam,$udom);
+    if (defined($env{'request.course.id'})) {
+        if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.internal.showphoto'}) {
+            if ($udom eq $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'}) {
+                return(&retrievestudentphoto($udom,$unam,$ext)); 
+            } else {
+                my ($result,$perm_reqd)=
+		    &Apache::lonnet::auto_photo_permission($unam,$udom);
+                if ($result eq 'ok') {
+                    if (!($perm_reqd eq 'yes')) {
+                        return(&retrievestudentphoto($udom,$unam,$ext));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        my ($result,$perm_reqd) = 
+	    &Apache::lonnet::auto_photo_permission($unam,$udom);
+        if ($result eq 'ok') {
+            if (!($perm_reqd eq 'yes')) {
+                return(&retrievestudentphoto($udom,$unam,$ext));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return '/adm/lonKaputt/lonlogo_broken.gif';
+}
+
+sub retrievestudentphoto {
+    my ($udom,$unam,$ext,$type) = @_;
+    my $home=&Apache::lonnet::homeserver($unam,$udom);
+    my $ret=&Apache::lonnet::reply("studentphoto:$udom:$unam:$ext:$type",$home);
+    if ($ret eq 'ok') {
+        my $url="/uploaded/$udom/$unam/internal/studentphoto.$ext";
+        if ($type eq 'thumbnail') {
+            $url="/uploaded/$udom/$unam/internal/studentphoto_tn.$ext"; 
+        }
+        my $tokenurl=&Apache::lonnet::tokenwrapper($url);
+        return $tokenurl;
+    } else {
+        if ($type eq 'thumbnail') {
+            return '/adm/lonKaputt/genericstudent_tn.gif';
+        } else { 
+            return '/adm/lonKaputt/lonlogo_broken.gif';
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------- New chat
+
+sub chatsend {
+    my ($newentry,$anon,$group)=@_;
+    my $cnum=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+    my $cdom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+    my $chome=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
+    &reply('chatsend:'.$cdom.':'.$cnum.':'.
+	   &escape($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$anon.':'.
+		   &escape($newentry)).':'.$group,$chome);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------ Find current version of a resource
+
+sub getversion {
+    my $fname=&clutter(shift);
+    unless ($fname=~/^\/res\//) { return -1; }
+    return &currentversion(&filelocation('',$fname));
+}
+
+sub currentversion {
+    my $fname=shift;
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('resversion',$fname);
+    if (defined($cached)) { return $result; }
+    my $author=$fname;
+    $author=~s/\/home\/httpd\/html\/res\/([^\/]*)\/([^\/]*).*/$1\/$2/;
+    my ($udom,$uname)=split(/\//,$author);
+    my $home=homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    if ($home eq 'no_host') { 
+        return -1; 
+    }
+    my $answer=reply("currentversion:$fname",$home);
+    if (($answer eq 'con_lost') || ($answer eq 'rejected')) {
+	return -1;
+    }
+    return &do_cache_new('resversion',$fname,$answer,600);
+}
+
 # ----------------------------- Subscribe to a resource, return URL if possible
 
 sub subscribe {
     my $fname=shift;
+    if ($fname=~/\/(aboutme|syllabus|bulletinboard|smppg)$/) { return ''; }
+    $fname=~s/[\n\r]//g;
     my $author=$fname;
     $author=~s/\/home\/httpd\/html\/res\/([^\/]*)\/([^\/]*).*/$1\/$2/;
     my ($udom,$uname)=split(/\//,$author);
     my $home=homeserver($uname,$udom);
-    if (($home eq 'no_host') || ($home eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'})) { 
-        return 'not_found'; 
+    if ($home eq 'no_host') {
+        return 'not_found';
     }
     my $answer=reply("sub:$fname",$home);
     if (($answer eq 'con_lost') || ($answer eq 'rejected')) {
@@ -544,26 +1102,38 @@ sub subscribe {
 sub repcopy {
     my $filename=shift;
     $filename=~s/\/+/\//g;
+    if ($filename=~m|^/home/httpd/html/adm/|) { return 'ok'; }
+    if ($filename=~m|^/home/httpd/html/lonUsers/|) { return 'ok'; }
+    if ($filename=~m|^/home/httpd/html/userfiles/| or
+	$filename=~m -^/*(uploaded|editupload)/-) { 
+	return &repcopy_userfile($filename);
+    }
+    $filename=~s/[\n\r]//g;
     my $transname="$filename.in.transfer";
-    if ((-e $filename) || (-e $transname)) { return OK; }
+    if ((-e $filename) || (-e $transname)) { return 'ok'; }
     my $remoteurl=subscribe($filename);
     if ($remoteurl =~ /^con_lost by/) {
 	   &logthis("Subscribe returned $remoteurl: $filename");
-           return HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE;
+           return 'unavailable';
     } elsif ($remoteurl eq 'not_found') {
-	   &logthis("Subscribe returned not_found: $filename");
-	   return HTTP_NOT_FOUND;
+	   #&logthis("Subscribe returned not_found: $filename");
+	   return 'not_found';
     } elsif ($remoteurl =~ /^rejected by/) {
 	   &logthis("Subscribe returned $remoteurl: $filename");
-           return FORBIDDEN;
+           return 'forbidden';
     } elsif ($remoteurl eq 'directory') {
-           return OK;
+           return 'ok';
     } else {
+        my $author=$filename;
+        $author=~s/\/home\/httpd\/html\/res\/([^\/]*)\/([^\/]*).*/$1\/$2/;
+        my ($udom,$uname)=split(/\//,$author);
+        my $home=homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        unless ($home eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
            my @parts=split(/\//,$filename);
            my $path="/$parts[1]/$parts[2]/$parts[3]/$parts[4]";
            if ($path ne "$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}/res") {
                &logthis("Malconfiguration for replication: $filename");
-	       return HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
+	       return 'bad_request';
            }
            my $count;
            for ($count=5;$count<$#parts;$count++) {
@@ -578,9 +1148,9 @@ sub repcopy {
            if ($response->is_error()) {
 	       unlink($transname);
                my $message=$response->status_line;
-               &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING:"
+               &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:"
                        ." LWP get: $message: $filename</font>");
-               return HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE;
+               return 'unavailable';
            } else {
 	       if ($remoteurl!~/\.meta$/) {
                   my $mrequest=new HTTP::Request('GET',$remoteurl.'.meta');
@@ -588,15 +1158,30 @@ sub repcopy {
                   if ($mresponse->is_error()) {
 		      unlink($filename.'.meta');
                       &logthis(
-                     "<font color=yellow>INFO: No metadata: $filename</font>");
+                     "<font color=\"yellow\">INFO: No metadata: $filename</font>");
                   }
 	       }
                rename($transname,$filename);
-               return OK;
+               return 'ok';
            }
+       }
     }
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------ Get server side include body
+sub ssi_body {
+    my ($filelink,%form)=@_;
+    if (! exists($form{'LONCAPA_INTERNAL_no_discussion'})) {
+        $form{'LONCAPA_INTERNAL_no_discussion'}='true';
+    }
+    my $output=($filelink=~/^http\:/?&externalssi($filelink):
+                                     &ssi($filelink,%form));
+    $output=~s|//(\s*<!--)? BEGIN LON-CAPA Internal.+// END LON-CAPA Internal\s*(-->)?\s||gs;
+    $output=~s/^.*?\<body[^\>]*\>//si;
+    $output=~s/(.*)\<\/body\s*\>.*?$/$1/si;
+    return $output;
+}
+
 # --------------------------------------------------------- Server Side Include
 
 sub ssi {
@@ -606,10 +1191,12 @@ sub ssi {
     my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
     
     my $request;
-    
+
+    $form{'no_update_last_known'}=1;
+
     if (%form) {
       $request=new HTTP::Request('POST',"http://".$ENV{'HTTP_HOST'}.$fn);
-      $request->content(join '&', map { "$_=$form{$_}" } keys %form);
+      $request->content(join('&',map { &escape($_).'='.&escape($form{$_}) } keys %form));
     } else {
       $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"http://".$ENV{'HTTP_HOST'}.$fn);
     }
@@ -620,6 +1207,436 @@ sub ssi {
     return $response->content;
 }
 
+sub externalssi {
+    my ($url)=@_;
+    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+    my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$url);
+    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+    return $response->content;
+}
+
+# -------------------------------- Allow a /uploaded/ URI to be vouched for
+
+sub allowuploaded {
+    my ($srcurl,$url)=@_;
+    $url=&clutter(&declutter($url));
+    my $dir=$url;
+    $dir=~s/\/[^\/]+$//;
+    my %httpref=();
+    my $httpurl=&hreflocation('',$url);
+    $httpref{'httpref.'.$httpurl}=$srcurl;
+    &Apache::lonnet::appenv(%httpref);
+}
+
+# --------- File operations in /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course
+# input: action, courseID, current domain, intended
+#        path to file, source of file, instruction to parse file for objects,
+#        ref to hash for embedded objects,
+#        ref to hash for codebase of java objects.
+#
+# output: url to file (if action was uploaddoc), 
+#         ok if successful, or diagnostic message otherwise (if action was propagate or copy)
+#
+# Allows directory structure to be used within lonUsers/../userfiles/ for a 
+# course.
+#
+# action = propagate - /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course/$file
+#          will be copied to /home/httpd/lonUsers/1/2/3/$course/userfiles in
+#          course's home server.
+#
+# action = copy - /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course/$file will
+#          be copied from $source (current location) to 
+#          /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course/$file
+#         and will then be copied to
+#          /home/httpd/lonUsers/$domain/1/2/3/$course/userfiles/$file in
+#         course's home server.
+#
+# action = uploaddoc - /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course/$file
+#         will be retrived from $env{form.uploaddoc} (from DOCS interface) to
+#         /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course/$file
+#         and will then be copied to /home/httpd/lonUsers/1/2/3/$course/userfiles/$file
+#         in course's home server.
+#
+
+sub process_coursefile {
+    my ($action,$docuname,$docudom,$file,$source,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase)=@_;
+    my $fetchresult;
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    if ($action eq 'propagate') {
+        $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file,
+			     $home);
+    } else {
+        my $fpath = '';
+        my $fname = $file;
+        ($fpath,$fname) = ($file =~ m|^(.*)/([^/]+)$|);
+        $fpath=$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$fpath;
+        my $filepath = &build_filepath($fpath);
+        if ($action eq 'copy') {
+            if ($source eq '') {
+                $fetchresult = 'no source file';
+                return $fetchresult;
+            } else {
+                my $destination = $filepath.'/'.$fname;
+                rename($source,$destination);
+                $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file,
+                                 $home);
+            }
+        } elsif ($action eq 'uploaddoc') {
+            open(my $fh,'>'.$filepath.'/'.$fname);
+            print $fh $env{'form.'.$source};
+            close($fh);
+            if ($parser eq 'parse') {
+                my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath,$fname,$allfiles,$codebase);
+                unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
+                    &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.'/'.$fname.' for embedded media: '.$parse_result);
+                }
+            }
+            $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file,
+                                 $home);
+            if ($fetchresult eq 'ok') {
+                return '/uploaded/'.$fpath.'/'.$fname;
+            } else {
+                &logthis('Failed to transfer '.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file.
+                        ' to host '.$home.': '.$fetchresult);
+                return '/adm/notfound.html';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unless ( $fetchresult eq 'ok') {
+        &logthis('Failed to transfer '.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file.
+             ' to host '.$home.': '.$fetchresult);
+    }
+    return $fetchresult;
+}
+
+sub build_filepath {
+    my ($fpath) = @_;
+    my $filepath=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/userfiles';
+    unless ($fpath eq '') {
+        my @parts=split('/',$fpath);
+        foreach my $part (@parts) {
+            $filepath.= '/'.$part;
+            if ((-e $filepath)!=1) {
+                mkdir($filepath,0777);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $filepath;
+}
+
+sub store_edited_file {
+    my ($primary_url,$content,$docudom,$docuname,$fetchresult) = @_;
+    my $file = $primary_url;
+    $file =~ s#^/uploaded/$docudom/$docuname/##;
+    my $fpath = '';
+    my $fname = $file;
+    ($fpath,$fname) = ($file =~ m|^(.*)/([^/]+)$|);
+    $fpath=$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$fpath;
+    my $filepath = &build_filepath($fpath);
+    open(my $fh,'>'.$filepath.'/'.$fname);
+    print $fh $content;
+    close($fh);
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    $$fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file,
+			  $home);
+    if ($$fetchresult eq 'ok') {
+        return '/uploaded/'.$fpath.'/'.$fname;
+    } else {
+        &logthis('Failed to transfer '.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file.
+		 ' to host '.$home.': '.$$fetchresult);
+        return '/adm/notfound.html';
+    }
+}
+
+sub clean_filename {
+    my ($fname)=@_;
+# Replace Windows backslashes by forward slashes
+    $fname=~s/\\/\//g;
+# Get rid of everything but the actual filename
+    $fname=~s/^.*\/([^\/]+)$/$1/;
+# Replace spaces by underscores
+    $fname=~s/\s+/\_/g;
+# Replace all other weird characters by nothing
+    $fname=~s/[^\w\.\-]//g;
+# Replace all .\d. sequences with _\d. so they no longer look like version
+# numbers
+    $fname=~s/\.(\d+)(?=\.)/_$1/g;
+    return $fname;
+}
+
+# --------------- Take an uploaded file and put it into the userfiles directory
+# input: $formname - the contents of the file are in $env{"form.$formname"}
+#                    the desired filenam is in $env{"form.$formname.filename"}
+#        $coursedoc - if true up to the current course
+#                     if false
+#        $subdir - directory in userfile to store the file into
+#        $parser, $allfiles, $codebase - unknown
+#
+# output: url of file in userspace, or error: <message> 
+#             or /adm/notfound.html if failure to upload occurse
+
+
+sub userfileupload {
+    my ($formname,$coursedoc,$subdir,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,$destuname,$destudom)=@_;
+    if (!defined($subdir)) { $subdir='unknown'; }
+    my $fname=$env{'form.'.$formname.'.filename'};
+    $fname=&clean_filename($fname);
+# See if there is anything left
+    unless ($fname) { return 'error: no uploaded file'; }
+    chop($env{'form.'.$formname});
+    if (($formname eq 'screenshot') && ($subdir eq 'helprequests')) { #files uploaded to help request form are handled differently
+        my $now = time;
+        my $filepath = 'tmp/helprequests/'.$now;
+        my @parts=split(/\//,$filepath);
+        my $fullpath = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+        for (my $i=0;$i<@parts;$i++) {
+            $fullpath .= '/'.$parts[$i];
+            if ((-e $fullpath)!=1) {
+                mkdir($fullpath,0777);
+            }
+        }
+        open(my $fh,'>'.$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
+        print $fh $env{'form.'.$formname};
+        close($fh);
+        return $fullpath.'/'.$fname;
+    } elsif (($formname eq 'coursecreatorxml') && ($subdir eq 'batchupload')) { #files uploaded to create course page are handled differently
+        my $filepath = 'tmp/addcourse/'.$destudom.'/web/'.$env{'user.name'}.
+                       '_'.$env{'user.domain'}.'/pending';
+        my @parts=split(/\//,$filepath);
+        my $fullpath = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+        for (my $i=0;$i<@parts;$i++) {
+            $fullpath .= '/'.$parts[$i];
+            if ((-e $fullpath)!=1) {
+                mkdir($fullpath,0777);
+            }
+        }
+        open(my $fh,'>'.$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
+        print $fh $env{'form.'.$formname};
+        close($fh);
+        return $fullpath.'/'.$fname;
+    }
+    
+# Create the directory if not present
+    $fname="$subdir/$fname";
+    if ($coursedoc) {
+	my $docuname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+	my $docudom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+        if ($env{'form.folder'} =~ m/^(default|supplemental)/) {
+            return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,
+					 $formname,$fname,$parser,$allfiles,
+					 $codebase);
+        } else {
+            $fname=$env{'form.folder'}.'/'.$fname;
+            return &process_coursefile('uploaddoc',$docuname,$docudom,
+				       $fname,$formname,$parser,
+				       $allfiles,$codebase);
+        }
+    } elsif (defined($destuname)) {
+        my $docuname=$destuname;
+        my $docudom=$destudom;
+	return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,$formname,
+				     $fname,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase);
+        
+    } else {
+        my $docuname=$env{'user.name'};
+        my $docudom=$env{'user.domain'};
+        if (exists($env{'form.group'})) {
+            $docuname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+            $docudom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+        }
+	return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,$formname,
+				     $fname,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase);
+    }
+}
+
+sub finishuserfileupload {
+    my ($docuname,$docudom,$formname,$fname,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase) = @_;
+    my $path=$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/';
+    my $filepath=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
+    my ($fnamepath,$file);
+    $file=$fname;
+    if ($fname=~m|/|) {
+        ($fnamepath,$file) = ($fname =~ m|^(.*)/([^/]+)$|);
+	$path.=$fnamepath.'/';
+    }
+    my @parts=split(/\//,$filepath.'/userfiles/'.$path);
+    my $count;
+    for ($count=4;$count<=$#parts;$count++) {
+        $filepath.="/$parts[$count]";
+        if ((-e $filepath)!=1) {
+	    mkdir($filepath,0777);
+        }
+    }
+# Save the file
+    {
+	if (!open(FH,'>'.$filepath.'/'.$file)) {
+	    &logthis('Failed to create '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
+	    print STDERR ('Failed to create '.$filepath.'/'.$file."\n");
+	    return '/adm/notfound.html';
+	}
+	if (!print FH ($env{'form.'.$formname})) {
+	    &logthis('Failed to write to '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
+	    print STDERR ('Failed to write to '.$filepath.'/'.$file."\n");
+	    return '/adm/notfound.html';
+	}
+	close(FH);
+    }
+    if ($parser eq 'parse') {
+        my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath,$file,$allfiles,
+						   $codebase);
+        unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
+            &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.$file.
+		     ' for embedded media: '.$parse_result); 
+        }
+    }
+# Notify homeserver to grep it
+#
+    my $docuhome=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    my $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$path.$file,$docuhome);
+    if ($fetchresult eq 'ok') {
+#
+# Return the URL to it
+        return '/uploaded/'.$path.$file;
+    } else {
+        &logthis('Failed to transfer '.$path.$file.' to host '.$docuhome.
+		 ': '.$fetchresult);
+        return '/adm/notfound.html';
+    }    
+}
+
+sub extract_embedded_items {
+    my ($filepath,$file,$allfiles,$codebase,$content) = @_;
+    my @state = ();
+    my %javafiles = (
+                      codebase => '',
+                      code => '',
+                      archive => ''
+                    );
+    my %mediafiles = (
+                      src => '',
+                      movie => '',
+                     );
+    my $p;
+    if ($content) {
+        $p = HTML::LCParser->new($content);
+    } else {
+        $p = HTML::LCParser->new($filepath.'/'.$file);
+    }
+    while (my $t=$p->get_token()) {
+	if ($t->[0] eq 'S') {
+	    my ($tagname, $attr) = ($t->[1],$t->[2]);
+	    push (@state, $tagname);
+            if (lc($tagname) eq 'allow') {
+                &add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'src'},'src');
+            }
+	    if (lc($tagname) eq 'img') {
+		&add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'src'},'src');
+	    }
+            if (lc($tagname) eq 'script') {
+                if ($attr->{'archive'} =~ /\.jar$/i) {
+                    &add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'archive'},'archive');
+                } else {
+                    &add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'src'},'src');
+                }
+            }
+            if (lc($tagname) eq 'link') {
+                if (lc($attr->{'rel'}) eq 'stylesheet') { 
+                    &add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'href'},'href');
+                }
+            }
+	    if (lc($tagname) eq 'object' ||
+		(lc($tagname) eq 'embed' && lc($state[-2]) ne 'object')) {
+		foreach my $item (keys(%javafiles)) {
+		    $javafiles{$item} = '';
+		}
+	    }
+	    if (lc($state[-2]) eq 'object' && lc($tagname) eq 'param') {
+		my $name = lc($attr->{'name'});
+		foreach my $item (keys(%javafiles)) {
+		    if ($name eq $item) {
+			$javafiles{$item} = $attr->{'value'};
+			last;
+		    }
+		}
+		foreach my $item (keys(%mediafiles)) {
+		    if ($name eq $item) {
+			&add_filetype($allfiles, $attr->{'value'}, 'value');
+			last;
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    if (lc($tagname) eq 'embed' || lc($tagname) eq 'applet') {
+		foreach my $item (keys(%javafiles)) {
+		    if ($attr->{$item}) {
+			$javafiles{$item} = $attr->{$item};
+			last;
+		    }
+		}
+		foreach my $item (keys(%mediafiles)) {
+		    if ($attr->{$item}) {
+			&add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{$item},$item);
+			last;
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	} elsif ($t->[0] eq 'E') {
+	    my ($tagname) = ($t->[1]);
+	    if ($javafiles{'codebase'} ne '') {
+		$javafiles{'codebase'} .= '/';
+	    }  
+	    if (lc($tagname) eq 'applet' ||
+		lc($tagname) eq 'object' ||
+		(lc($tagname) eq 'embed' && lc($state[-2]) ne 'object')
+		) {
+		foreach my $item (keys(%javafiles)) {
+		    if ($item ne 'codebase' && $javafiles{$item} ne '') {
+			my $file=$javafiles{'codebase'}.$javafiles{$item};
+			&add_filetype($allfiles,$file,$item);
+		    }
+		}
+	    } 
+	    pop @state;
+	}
+    }
+    return 'ok';
+}
+
+sub add_filetype {
+    my ($allfiles,$file,$type)=@_;
+    if (exists($allfiles->{$file})) {
+	unless (grep/^\Q$type\E$/, @{$allfiles->{$file}}) {
+	    push(@{$allfiles->{$file}}, &escape($type));
+	}
+    } else {
+	@{$allfiles->{$file}} = (&escape($type));
+    }
+}
+
+sub removeuploadedurl {
+    my ($url)=@_;
+    my (undef,undef,$udom,$uname,$fname)=split('/',$url,5);
+    return &removeuserfile($uname,$udom,$fname);
+}
+
+sub removeuserfile {
+    my ($docuname,$docudom,$fname)=@_;
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    return &reply("removeuserfile:$docudom/$docuname/$fname",$home);
+}
+
+sub mkdiruserfile {
+    my ($docuname,$docudom,$dir)=@_;
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    return &reply("mkdiruserfile:".&escape("$docudom/$docuname/$dir"),$home);
+}
+
+sub renameuserfile {
+    my ($docuname,$docudom,$old,$new)=@_;
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    return &reply("renameuserfile:$docudom:$docuname:".&escape("$old").':'.
+		  &escape("$new"),$home);
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Log
 
 sub log {
@@ -627,62 +1644,983 @@ sub log {
     return critical("log:$dom:$nam:$what",$hom);
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ Course Log
+#
+# This routine flushes several buffers of non-mission-critical nature
+#
+
+sub flushcourselogs {
+    &logthis('Flushing log buffers');
+#
+# course logs
+# This is a log of all transactions in a course, which can be used
+# for data mining purposes
+#
+# It also collects the courseid database, which lists last transaction
+# times and course titles for all courseids
+#
+    my %courseidbuffer=();
+    foreach (keys %courselogs) {
+        my $crsid=$_;
+        if (&reply('log:'.$coursedombuf{$crsid}.':'.$coursenumbuf{$crsid}.':'.
+		          &escape($courselogs{$crsid}),
+		          $coursehombuf{$crsid}) eq 'ok') {
+	    delete $courselogs{$crsid};
+        } else {
+            &logthis('Failed to flush log buffer for '.$crsid);
+            if (length($courselogs{$crsid})>40000) {
+               &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: Buffer for ".$crsid.
+                        " exceeded maximum size, deleting.</font>");
+               delete $courselogs{$crsid};
+            }
+        }
+        if ($courseidbuffer{$coursehombuf{$crsid}}) {
+           $courseidbuffer{$coursehombuf{$crsid}}.='&'.
+			 &escape($crsid).'='.&escape($coursedescrbuf{$crsid}).
+                         ':'.&escape($courseinstcodebuf{$crsid}).':'.&escape($courseownerbuf{$crsid}).':'.&escape($coursetypebuf{$crsid});
+        } else {
+           $courseidbuffer{$coursehombuf{$crsid}}=
+			 &escape($crsid).'='.&escape($coursedescrbuf{$crsid}).
+                         ':'.&escape($courseinstcodebuf{$crsid}).':'.&escape($courseownerbuf{$crsid}).':'.&escape($coursetypebuf{$crsid});
+        }
+    }
+#
+# Write course id database (reverse lookup) to homeserver of courses 
+# Is used in pickcourse
+#
+    foreach (keys %courseidbuffer) {
+        &courseidput($hostdom{$_},$courseidbuffer{$_},$_);
+    }
+#
+# File accesses
+# Writes to the dynamic metadata of resources to get hit counts, etc.
+#
+    foreach my $entry (keys(%accesshash)) {
+        if ($entry =~ /___count$/) {
+            my ($dom,$name);
+            ($dom,$name,undef)=($entry=~m:___(\w+)/(\w+)/(.*)___count$:);
+            if (! defined($dom) || $dom eq '' || 
+                ! defined($name) || $name eq '') {
+                my $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
+                $dom  = $env{'request.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+                $name = $env{'request.'.$cid.'.num'};
+            }
+            my $value = $accesshash{$entry};
+            my (undef,$url,undef) = ($entry =~ /^(.*)___(.*)___count$/);
+            my %temphash=($url => $value);
+            my $result = &inc('nohist_accesscount',\%temphash,$dom,$name);
+            if ($result eq 'ok') {
+                delete $accesshash{$entry};
+            } elsif ($result eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+                # Target server has old code running on it.
+                my %temphash=($entry => $value);
+                if (&put('nohist_resevaldata',\%temphash,$dom,$name) eq 'ok') {
+                    delete $accesshash{$entry};
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            my ($dom,$name) = ($entry=~m:___(\w+)/(\w+)/(.*)___(\w+)$:);
+            my %temphash=($entry => $accesshash{$entry});
+            if (&put('nohist_resevaldata',\%temphash,$dom,$name) eq 'ok') {
+                delete $accesshash{$entry};
+            }
+        }
+    }
+#
+# Roles
+# Reverse lookup of user roles for course faculty/staff and co-authorship
+#
+    foreach (keys %userrolehash) {
+        my $entry=$_;
+        my ($role,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec)=
+	    split(/\:/,$entry);
+        if (&Apache::lonnet::put('nohist_userroles',
+             { $role.':'.$uname.':'.$udom.':'.$rsec => $userrolehash{$entry} },
+                $rudom,$runame) eq 'ok') {
+	    delete $userrolehash{$entry};
+        }
+    }
+#
+# Reverse lookup of domain roles (dc, ad, li, sc, au)
+#
+    my %domrolebuffer = ();
+    foreach my $entry (keys %domainrolehash) {
+        my ($role,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec)=split/:/,$entry;
+        if ($domrolebuffer{$rudom}) {
+            $domrolebuffer{$rudom}.='&'.&escape($entry).
+                      '='.&escape($domainrolehash{$entry});
+        } else {
+            $domrolebuffer{$rudom}.=&escape($entry).
+                      '='.&escape($domainrolehash{$entry});
+        }
+        delete $domainrolehash{$entry};
+    }
+    foreach my $dom (keys(%domrolebuffer)) {
+        foreach my $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
+            if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $dom) {
+                unless (&reply('domroleput:'.$dom.':'.
+                  $domrolebuffer{$dom},$tryserver) eq 'ok') {
+                    &logthis('Put of domain roles failed for '.$dom.' and  '.$tryserver);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    $dumpcount++;
+}
+
+sub courselog {
+    my $what=shift;
+    $what=time.':'.$what;
+    unless ($env{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
+    $coursedombuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+    $coursenumbuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+    $coursehombuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
+    $coursedescrbuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.description'};
+    $courseinstcodebuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.internal.coursecode'};
+    $courseownerbuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.internal.courseowner'};
+    $coursetypebuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.type'};
+    if (defined $courselogs{$env{'request.course.id'}}) {
+	$courselogs{$env{'request.course.id'}}.='&'.$what;
+    } else {
+	$courselogs{$env{'request.course.id'}}.=$what;
+    }
+    if (length($courselogs{$env{'request.course.id'}})>4048) {
+	&flushcourselogs();
+    }
+}
+
+sub courseacclog {
+    my $fnsymb=shift;
+    unless ($env{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
+    my $what=$fnsymb.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+    if ($fnsymb=~/(problem|exam|quiz|assess|survey|form|task|page)$/) {
+        $what.=':POST';
+        # FIXME: Probably ought to escape things....
+	foreach (keys %env) {
+            if ($_=~/^form\.(.*)/) {
+		$what.=':'.$1.'='.$env{$_};
+            }
+        }
+    } elsif ($fnsymb =~ m:^/adm/searchcat:) {
+        # FIXME: We should not be depending on a form parameter that someone
+        # editing lonsearchcat.pm might change in the future.
+        if ($env{'form.phase'} eq 'course_search') {
+            $what.= ':POST';
+            # FIXME: Probably ought to escape things....
+            foreach my $element ('courseexp','crsfulltext','crsrelated',
+                                 'crsdiscuss') {
+                $what.=':'.$element.'='.$env{'form.'.$element};
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    &courselog($what);
+}
+
+sub countacc {
+    my $url=&declutter(shift);
+    return if (! defined($url) || $url eq '');
+    unless ($env{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
+    $accesshash{$env{'request.course.id'}.'___'.$url.'___course'}=1;
+    my $key=$$.$processmarker.'_'.$dumpcount.'___'.$url.'___count';
+    $accesshash{$key}++;
+}
+
+sub linklog {
+    my ($from,$to)=@_;
+    $from=&declutter($from);
+    $to=&declutter($to);
+    $accesshash{$from.'___'.$to.'___comefrom'}=1;
+    $accesshash{$to.'___'.$from.'___goto'}=1;
+}
+  
+sub userrolelog {
+    my ($trole,$username,$domain,$area,$tstart,$tend)=@_;
+    if (($trole=~/^ca/) || ($trole=~/^aa/) ||
+        ($trole=~/^in/) || ($trole=~/^cc/) ||
+        ($trole=~/^ep/) || ($trole=~/^cr/) ||
+        ($trole=~/^ta/)) {
+       my (undef,$rudom,$runame,$rsec)=split(/\//,$area);
+       $userrolehash
+         {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$runame.':'.$rudom.':'.$rsec}
+                    =$tend.':'.$tstart;
+    }
+    if (($trole=~/^dc/) || ($trole=~/^ad/) ||
+        ($trole=~/^li/) || ($trole=~/^li/) ||
+        ($trole=~/^au/) || ($trole=~/^dg/) ||
+        ($trole=~/^sc/)) {
+       my (undef,$rudom,$runame,$rsec)=split(/\//,$area);
+       $domainrolehash
+         {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$runame.':'.$rudom.':'.$rsec}
+                    = $tend.':'.$tstart;
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_course_adv_roles {
+    my $cid=shift;
+    $cid=$env{'request.course.id'} unless (defined($cid));
+    my %coursehash=&coursedescription($cid);
+    my %nothide=();
+    foreach (split(/\s*\,\s*/,$coursehash{'nothideprivileged'})) {
+	$nothide{join(':',split(/[\@\:]/,$_))}=1;
+    }
+    my %returnhash=();
+    my %dumphash=
+            &dump('nohist_userroles',$coursehash{'domain'},$coursehash{'num'});
+    my $now=time;
+    foreach (keys %dumphash) {
+	my ($tend,$tstart)=split(/\:/,$dumphash{$_});
+        if (($tstart) && ($tstart<0)) { next; }
+        if (($tend) && ($tend<$now)) { next; }
+        if (($tstart) && ($now<$tstart)) { next; }
+        my ($role,$username,$domain,$section)=split(/\:/,$_);
+	if ($username eq '' || $domain eq '') { next; }
+	if ((&privileged($username,$domain)) && 
+	    (!$nothide{$username.':'.$domain})) { next; }
+	if ($role eq 'cr') { next; }
+        my $key=&plaintext($role);
+        if ($section) { $key.=' (Sec/Grp '.$section.')'; }
+        if ($returnhash{$key}) {
+	    $returnhash{$key}.=','.$username.':'.$domain;
+        } else {
+            $returnhash{$key}=$username.':'.$domain;
+        }
+     }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+sub get_my_roles {
+    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
+    unless (defined($uname)) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+    unless (defined($udom)) { $udom=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    my %dumphash=
+            &dump('nohist_userroles',$udom,$uname);
+    my %returnhash=();
+    my $now=time;
+    foreach (keys %dumphash) {
+	my ($tend,$tstart)=split(/\:/,$dumphash{$_});
+        if (($tstart) && ($tstart<0)) { next; }
+        if (($tend) && ($tend<$now)) { next; }
+        if (($tstart) && ($now<$tstart)) { next; }
+        my ($role,$username,$domain,$section)=split(/\:/,$_);
+	$returnhash{$username.':'.$domain.':'.$role}=$tstart.':'.$tend;
+     }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------- Frontpage Announcements
+#
+#
+
+sub postannounce {
+    my ($server,$text)=@_;
+    unless (&allowed('psa',$hostdom{$server})) { return 'refused'; }
+    unless ($text=~/\w/) { $text=''; }
+    return &reply('setannounce:'.&escape($text),$server);
+}
+
+sub getannounce {
+
+    if (open(my $fh,$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/announcement.txt')) {
+	my $announcement='';
+	while (<$fh>) { $announcement .=$_; }
+	close($fh);
+	if ($announcement=~/\w/) { 
+	    return 
+   '<table bgcolor="#FF5555" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="3">'.
+   '<tr><td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><tt>'.$announcement.'</tt></td></tr></table>'; 
+	} else {
+	    return '';
+	}
+    } else {
+	return '';
+    }
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Course ID routines
+# Deal with domain's nohist_courseid.db files
+#
+
+sub courseidput {
+    my ($domain,$what,$coursehome)=@_;
+    return &reply('courseidput:'.$domain.':'.$what,$coursehome);
+}
+
+sub courseiddump {
+    my ($domfilter,$descfilter,$sincefilter,$instcodefilter,$ownerfilter,$coursefilter,$hostidflag,$hostidref,$typefilter)=@_;
+    my %returnhash=();
+    unless ($domfilter) { $domfilter=''; }
+    foreach my $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
+        if ( ($hostidflag == 1 && grep/^$tryserver$/,@{$hostidref}) || (!defined($hostidflag)) ) {
+	    if ((!$domfilter) || ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $domfilter)) {
+	        foreach (
+                 split(/\&/,&reply('courseiddump:'.$hostdom{$tryserver}.':'.
+			       $sincefilter.':'.&escape($descfilter).':'.
+                               &escape($instcodefilter).':'.&escape($ownerfilter).':'.&escape($coursefilter).':'.&escape($typefilter),
+                               $tryserver))) {
+		    my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$_);
+                    if (($key) && ($value)) {
+		        $returnhash{&unescape($key)}=$value;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- DC e-mail
+
+sub dcmailput {
+    my ($domain,$msgid,$message,$server)=@_;
+    my $status = &Apache::lonnet::critical(
+       'dcmailput:'.$domain.':'.&escape($msgid).'='.
+       &escape($message),$server);
+    return $status;
+}
+
+sub dcmaildump {
+    my ($dom,$startdate,$enddate,$senders) = @_;
+    my %returnhash=();
+    if (exists($domain_primary{$dom})) {
+        my $cmd='dcmaildump:'.$dom.':'.&escape($startdate).':'.
+                                                         &escape($enddate).':';
+	my @esc_senders=map { &escape($_)} @$senders;
+	$cmd.=&escape(join('&',@esc_senders));
+	foreach (split(/\&/,&reply($cmd,$domain_primary{$dom}))) {
+            my ($key,$value) = split(/\=/,$_);
+            if (($key) && ($value)) {
+                $returnhash{&unescape($key)} = &unescape($value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Domain roles
+
+sub get_domain_roles {
+    my ($dom,$roles,$startdate,$enddate)=@_;
+    if (undef($startdate) || $startdate eq '') {
+        $startdate = '.';
+    }
+    if (undef($enddate) || $enddate eq '') {
+        $enddate = '.';
+    }
+    my $rolelist = join(':',@{$roles});
+    my %personnel = ();
+    foreach my $tryserver (keys(%libserv)) {
+        if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $dom) {
+            %{$personnel{$tryserver}}=();
+            foreach (
+                split(/\&/,&reply('domrolesdump:'.$dom.':'.
+                   &escape($startdate).':'.&escape($enddate).':'.
+                   &escape($rolelist), $tryserver))) {
+                my($key,$value) = split(/\=/,$_);
+                if (($key) && ($value)) {
+                    $personnel{$tryserver}{&unescape($key)} = &unescape($value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %personnel;
+}
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------- Check out an item
+
+sub get_first_access {
+    my ($type,$argsymb)=@_;
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$udom,$uname)=&Apache::lonxml::whichuser();
+    if ($argsymb) { $symb=$argsymb; }
+    my ($map,$id,$res)=&decode_symb($symb);
+    if ($type eq 'map') {
+	$res=&symbread($map);
+    } else {
+	$res=$symb;
+    }
+    my %times=&get('firstaccesstimes',["$courseid\0$res"],$udom,$uname);
+    return $times{"$courseid\0$res"};
+}
+
+sub set_first_access {
+    my ($type)=@_;
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$udom,$uname)=&Apache::lonxml::whichuser();
+    my ($map,$id,$res)=&decode_symb($symb);
+    if ($type eq 'map') {
+	$res=&symbread($map);
+    } else {
+	$res=$symb;
+    }
+    my $firstaccess=&get_first_access($type,$symb);
+    if (!$firstaccess) {
+	return &put('firstaccesstimes',{"$courseid\0$res"=>time},$udom,$uname);
+    }
+    return 'already_set';
+}
+
+sub checkout {
+    my ($symb,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid)=@_;
+    my $now=time;
+    my $lonhost=$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $infostr=&escape(
+                 'CHECKOUTTOKEN&'.
+                 $tuname.'&'.
+                 $tudom.'&'.
+                 $tcrsid.'&'.
+                 $symb.'&'.
+		 $now.'&'.$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
+    my $token=&reply('tmpput:'.$infostr,$lonhost);
+    if ($token=~/^error\:/) { 
+        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
+                "Checkout tmpput failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
+                 "</font>");
+        return ''; 
+    }
+
+    $token=~s/^(\d+)\_.*\_(\d+)$/$1\*$2\*$lonhost/;
+    $token=~tr/a-z/A-Z/;
+
+    my %infohash=('resource.0.outtoken' => $token,
+                  'resource.0.checkouttime' => $now,
+                  'resource.0.outremote' => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
+
+    unless (&cstore(\%infohash,$symb,$tcrsid,$tudom,$tuname) eq 'ok') {
+       return '';
+    } else {
+        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
+                "Checkout cstore failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
+                 "</font>");
+    }    
+
+    if (&log($tudom,$tuname,&homeserver($tuname,$tudom),
+                         &escape('Checkout '.$infostr.' - '.
+                                                 $token)) ne 'ok') {
+	return '';
+    } else {
+        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
+                "Checkout log failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
+                 "</font>");
+    }
+    return $token;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ Check in an item
+
+sub checkin {
+    my $token=shift;
+    my $now=time;
+    my ($ta,$tb,$lonhost)=split(/\*/,$token);
+    $lonhost=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
+    my $dtoken=$ta.'_'.$hostname{$lonhost}.'_'.$tb;
+    $dtoken=~s/\W/\_/g;
+    my ($dummy,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid,$symb,$chtim,$rmaddr)=
+                 split(/\&/,&unescape(&reply('tmpget:'.$dtoken,$lonhost)));
+
+    unless (($tuname) && ($tudom)) {
+        &logthis('Check in '.$token.' ('.$dtoken.') failed');
+        return '';
+    }
+    
+    unless (&allowed('mgr',$tcrsid)) {
+        &logthis('Check in '.$token.' ('.$dtoken.') unauthorized: '.
+                 $env{'user.name'}.' - '.$env{'user.domain'});
+        return '';
+    }
+
+    my %infohash=('resource.0.intoken' => $token,
+                  'resource.0.checkintime' => $now,
+                  'resource.0.inremote' => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
+
+    unless (&cstore(\%infohash,$symb,$tcrsid,$tudom,$tuname) eq 'ok') {
+       return '';
+    }    
+
+    if (&log($tudom,$tuname,&homeserver($tuname,$tudom),
+                         &escape('Checkin - '.$token)) ne 'ok') {
+	return '';
+    }
+
+    return ($symb,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid);    
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------- Set Expire Date for Spreadsheet
+
+sub expirespread {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$stype,$usymb)=@_;
+    my $cid=$env{'request.course.id'}; 
+    if ($cid) {
+       my $now=time;
+       my $key=$uname.':'.$udom.':'.$stype.':'.$usymb;
+       return &reply('put:'.$env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'}.':'.
+                            $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'}.
+	        	    ':nohist_expirationdates:'.
+                            &escape($key).'='.$now,
+                            $env{'course.'.$cid.'.home'})
+    }
+    return 'ok';
+}
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------- Devalidate Spreadsheets
+
+sub devalidate {
+    my ($symb,$uname,$udom)=@_;
+    my $cid=$env{'request.course.id'}; 
+    if ($cid) {
+        # delete the stored spreadsheets for
+        # - the student level sheet of this user in course's homespace
+        # - the assessment level sheet for this resource 
+        #   for this user in user's homespace
+	# - current conditional state info
+	my $key=$uname.':'.$udom.':';
+        my $status=
+	    &del('nohist_calculatedsheets',
+		 [$key.'studentcalc:'],
+		 $env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'},
+		 $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'})
+		.' '.
+	    &del('nohist_calculatedsheets_'.$cid,
+		 [$key.'assesscalc:'.$symb],$udom,$uname);
+        unless ($status eq 'ok ok') {
+           &logthis('Could not devalidate spreadsheet '.
+                    $uname.' at '.$udom.' for '.
+		    $symb.': '.$status);
+        }
+	&delenv('user.state.'.$cid);
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_scalar {
+    my ($string,$end) = @_;
+    my $value;
+    if ($$string =~ s/^([^&]*?)($end)/$2/) {
+	$value = $1;
+    } elsif ($$string =~ s/^([^&]*?)&//) {
+	$value = $1;
+    }
+    return &unescape($value);
+}
+
+sub array2str {
+  my (@array) = @_;
+  my $result=&arrayref2str(\@array);
+  $result=~s/^__ARRAY_REF__//;
+  $result=~s/__END_ARRAY_REF__$//;
+  return $result;
+}
+
+sub arrayref2str {
+  my ($arrayref) = @_;
+  my $result='__ARRAY_REF__';
+  foreach my $elem (@$arrayref) {
+    if(ref($elem) eq 'ARRAY') {
+      $result.=&arrayref2str($elem).'&';
+    } elsif(ref($elem) eq 'HASH') {
+      $result.=&hashref2str($elem).'&';
+    } elsif(ref($elem)) {
+      #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($elem))." skipping.");
+    } else {
+      $result.=&escape($elem).'&';
+    }
+  }
+  $result=~s/\&$//;
+  $result .= '__END_ARRAY_REF__';
+  return $result;
+}
+
+sub hash2str {
+  my (%hash) = @_;
+  my $result=&hashref2str(\%hash);
+  $result=~s/^__HASH_REF__//;
+  $result=~s/__END_HASH_REF__$//;
+  return $result;
+}
+
+sub hashref2str {
+  my ($hashref)=@_;
+  my $result='__HASH_REF__';
+  foreach (sort(keys(%$hashref))) {
+    if (ref($_) eq 'ARRAY') {
+      $result.=&arrayref2str($_).'=';
+    } elsif (ref($_) eq 'HASH') {
+      $result.=&hashref2str($_).'=';
+    } elsif (ref($_)) {
+      $result.='=';
+      #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($_))." skipping.");
+    } else {
+	if ($_) {$result.=&escape($_).'=';} else { last; }
+    }
+
+    if(ref($hashref->{$_}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+      $result.=&arrayref2str($hashref->{$_}).'&';
+    } elsif(ref($hashref->{$_}) eq 'HASH') {
+      $result.=&hashref2str($hashref->{$_}).'&';
+    } elsif(ref($hashref->{$_})) {
+       $result.='&';
+      #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($hashref->{$_}))." skipping.");
+    } else {
+      $result.=&escape($hashref->{$_}).'&';
+    }
+  }
+  $result=~s/\&$//;
+  $result .= '__END_HASH_REF__';
+  return $result;
+}
+
+sub str2hash {
+    my ($string)=@_;
+    my ($hash)=&str2hashref('__HASH_REF__'.$string.'__END_HASH_REF__');
+    return %$hash;
+}
+
+sub str2hashref {
+  my ($string) = @_;
+
+  my %hash;
+
+  if($string !~ /^__HASH_REF__/) {
+      if (! ($string eq '' || !defined($string))) {
+	  $hash{'error'}='Not hash reference';
+      }
+      return (\%hash, $string);
+  }
+
+  $string =~ s/^__HASH_REF__//;
+
+  while($string !~ /^__END_HASH_REF__/) {
+      #key
+      my $key='';
+      if($string =~ /^__HASH_REF__/) {
+          ($key, $string)=&str2hashref($string);
+          if(defined($key->{'error'})) {
+              $hash{'error'}='Bad data';
+              return (\%hash, $string);
+          }
+      } elsif($string =~ /^__ARRAY_REF__/) {
+          ($key, $string)=&str2arrayref($string);
+          if($key->[0] eq 'Array reference error') {
+              $hash{'error'}='Bad data';
+              return (\%hash, $string);
+          }
+      } else {
+          $string =~ s/^(.*?)=//;
+	  $key=&unescape($1);
+      }
+      $string =~ s/^=//;
+
+      #value
+      my $value='';
+      if($string =~ /^__HASH_REF__/) {
+          ($value, $string)=&str2hashref($string);
+          if(defined($value->{'error'})) {
+              $hash{'error'}='Bad data';
+              return (\%hash, $string);
+          }
+      } elsif($string =~ /^__ARRAY_REF__/) {
+          ($value, $string)=&str2arrayref($string);
+          if($value->[0] eq 'Array reference error') {
+              $hash{'error'}='Bad data';
+              return (\%hash, $string);
+          }
+      } else {
+	  $value=&get_scalar(\$string,'__END_HASH_REF__');
+      }
+      $string =~ s/^&//;
+
+      $hash{$key}=$value;
+  }
+
+  $string =~ s/^__END_HASH_REF__//;
+
+  return (\%hash, $string);
+}
+
+sub str2array {
+    my ($string)=@_;
+    my ($array)=&str2arrayref('__ARRAY_REF__'.$string.'__END_ARRAY_REF__');
+    return @$array;
+}
+
+sub str2arrayref {
+  my ($string) = @_;
+  my @array;
+
+  if($string !~ /^__ARRAY_REF__/) {
+      if (! ($string eq '' || !defined($string))) {
+	  $array[0]='Array reference error';
+      }
+      return (\@array, $string);
+  }
+
+  $string =~ s/^__ARRAY_REF__//;
+
+  while($string !~ /^__END_ARRAY_REF__/) {
+      my $value='';
+      if($string =~ /^__HASH_REF__/) {
+          ($value, $string)=&str2hashref($string);
+          if(defined($value->{'error'})) {
+              $array[0] ='Array reference error';
+              return (\@array, $string);
+          }
+      } elsif($string =~ /^__ARRAY_REF__/) {
+          ($value, $string)=&str2arrayref($string);
+          if($value->[0] eq 'Array reference error') {
+              $array[0] ='Array reference error';
+              return (\@array, $string);
+          }
+      } else {
+	  $value=&get_scalar(\$string,'__END_ARRAY_REF__');
+      }
+      $string =~ s/^&//;
+
+      push(@array, $value);
+  }
+
+  $string =~ s/^__END_ARRAY_REF__//;
+
+  return (\@array, $string);
+}
+
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------Temp Store
+
+sub tmpreset {
+  my ($symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname) = @_;
+  if (!$symb) {
+    $symb=&symbread();
+    if (!$symb) { $symb= $env{'request.url'}; }
+  }
+  $symb=escape($symb);
+
+  if (!$namespace) { $namespace=$env{'request.state'}; }
+  $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
+  $namespace=~s/\W//g;
+
+  if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+  if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+  if ($domain eq 'public' && $stuname eq 'public') {
+      $stuname=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+  }
+  my $path=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+  my %hash;
+  if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
+	  $path.'/tmpstore_'.$stuname.'_'.$domain.'_'.$namespace.'.db',
+	  &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
+    foreach my $key (keys %hash) {
+      if ($key=~ /:$symb/) {
+	delete($hash{$key});
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+sub tmpstore {
+  my ($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname) = @_;
+
+  if (!$symb) {
+    $symb=&symbread();
+    if (!$symb) { $symb= $env{'request.url'}; }
+  }
+  $symb=escape($symb);
+
+  if (!$namespace) {
+    # I don't think we would ever want to store this for a course.
+    # it seems this will only be used if we don't have a course.
+    #$namespace=$env{'request.course.id'};
+    #if (!$namespace) {
+      $namespace=$env{'request.state'};
+    #}
+  }
+  $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
+  $namespace=~s/\W//g;
+  if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+  if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+  if ($domain eq 'public' && $stuname eq 'public') {
+      $stuname=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+  }
+  my $now=time;
+  my %hash;
+  my $path=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+  if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
+	  $path.'/tmpstore_'.$stuname.'_'.$domain.'_'.$namespace.'.db',
+	  &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
+    $hash{"version:$symb"}++;
+    my $version=$hash{"version:$symb"};
+    my $allkeys=''; 
+    foreach my $key (keys(%$storehash)) {
+      $allkeys.=$key.':';
+      $hash{"$version:$symb:$key"}=&freeze_escape($$storehash{$key});
+    }
+    $hash{"$version:$symb:timestamp"}=$now;
+    $allkeys.='timestamp';
+    $hash{"$version:keys:$symb"}=$allkeys;
+    if (untie(%hash)) {
+      return 'ok';
+    } else {
+      return "error:$!";
+    }
+  } else {
+    return "error:$!";
+  }
+}
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------Temp Restore
+
+sub tmprestore {
+  my ($symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname) = @_;
+
+  if (!$symb) {
+    $symb=&symbread();
+    if (!$symb) { $symb= $env{'request.url'}; }
+  }
+  $symb=escape($symb);
+
+  if (!$namespace) { $namespace=$env{'request.state'}; }
+
+  if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+  if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+  if ($domain eq 'public' && $stuname eq 'public') {
+      $stuname=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+  }
+  my %returnhash;
+  $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
+  $namespace=~s/\W//g;
+  my %hash;
+  my $path=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+  if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
+	  $path.'/tmpstore_'.$stuname.'_'.$domain.'_'.$namespace.'.db',
+	  &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+    my $version=$hash{"version:$symb"};
+    $returnhash{'version'}=$version;
+    my $scope;
+    for ($scope=1;$scope<=$version;$scope++) {
+      my $vkeys=$hash{"$scope:keys:$symb"};
+      my @keys=split(/:/,$vkeys);
+      my $key;
+      $returnhash{"$scope:keys"}=$vkeys;
+      foreach $key (@keys) {
+	$returnhash{"$scope:$key"}=&thaw_unescape($hash{"$scope:$symb:$key"});
+	$returnhash{"$key"}=&thaw_unescape($hash{"$scope:$symb:$key"});
+      }
+    }
+    if (!(untie(%hash))) {
+      return "error:$!";
+    }
+  } else {
+    return "error:$!";
+  }
+  return %returnhash;
+}
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Store
 
 sub store {
-    my %storehash=@_;
-    my $symb;
-    unless ($symb=escape(&symbread())) { return ''; }
-    my $namespace;
-    unless ($namespace=$ENV{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
+    my ($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname) = @_;
+    my $home='';
+
+    if ($stuname) { $home=&homeserver($stuname,$domain); }
+
+    $symb=&symbclean($symb);
+    if (!$symb) { unless ($symb=&symbread()) { return ''; } }
+
+    if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+
+    &devalidate($symb,$stuname,$domain);
+
+    $symb=escape($symb);
+    if (!$namespace) { 
+       unless ($namespace=$env{'request.course.id'}) { 
+          return ''; 
+       } 
+    }
+    if (!$home) { $home=$env{'user.home'}; }
+
+    $$storehash{'ip'}=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+    $$storehash{'host'}=$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+
     my $namevalue='';
-    map {
-        $namevalue.=escape($_).'='.escape($storehash{$_}).'&';
-    } keys %storehash;
+    foreach (keys %$storehash) {
+        $namevalue.=&escape($_).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$_}).'&';
+    }
     $namevalue=~s/\&$//;
-    return reply(
-     "store:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:$namespace:$symb:$namevalue",
-		 "$ENV{'user.home'}");
+    &courselog($symb.':'.$stuname.':'.$domain.':STORE:'.$namevalue);
+    return reply("store:$domain:$stuname:$namespace:$symb:$namevalue","$home");
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- Critical Store
 
 sub cstore {
-    my %storehash=@_;
-    my $symb;
-    unless ($symb=escape(&symbread())) { return ''; }
-    my $namespace;
-    unless ($namespace=$ENV{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
+    my ($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname) = @_;
+    my $home='';
+
+    if ($stuname) { $home=&homeserver($stuname,$domain); }
+
+    $symb=&symbclean($symb);
+    if (!$symb) { unless ($symb=&symbread()) { return ''; } }
+
+    if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+
+    &devalidate($symb,$stuname,$domain);
+
+    $symb=escape($symb);
+    if (!$namespace) { 
+       unless ($namespace=$env{'request.course.id'}) { 
+          return ''; 
+       } 
+    }
+    if (!$home) { $home=$env{'user.home'}; }
+
+    $$storehash{'ip'}=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+    $$storehash{'host'}=$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+
     my $namevalue='';
-    map {
-        $namevalue.=escape($_).'='.escape($storehash{$_}).'&';
-    } keys %storehash;
+    foreach (keys %$storehash) {
+        $namevalue.=&escape($_).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$_}).'&';
+    }
     $namevalue=~s/\&$//;
-    return critical(
-     "store:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:$namespace:$symb:$namevalue",
-		 "$ENV{'user.home'}");
+    &courselog($symb.':'.$stuname.':'.$domain.':CSTORE:'.$namevalue);
+    return critical
+                ("store:$domain:$stuname:$namespace:$symb:$namevalue","$home");
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------- Restore
 
 sub restore {
-    my $symb;
-    unless ($symb=escape(&symbread())) { return ''; }
-    my $namespace;
-    unless ($namespace=$ENV{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
-    my $answer=reply(
-              "restore:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:$namespace:$symb",
-              "$ENV{'user.home'}");
+    my ($symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname) = @_;
+    my $home='';
+
+    if ($stuname) { $home=&homeserver($stuname,$domain); }
+
+    if (!$symb) {
+      unless ($symb=escape(&symbread())) { return ''; }
+    } else {
+      $symb=&escape(&symbclean($symb));
+    }
+    if (!$namespace) { 
+       unless ($namespace=$env{'request.course.id'}) { 
+          return ''; 
+       } 
+    }
+    if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+    if (!$home) { $home=$env{'user.home'}; }
+    my $answer=&reply("restore:$domain:$stuname:$namespace:$symb","$home");
+
     my %returnhash=();
-    map {
+    foreach (split(/\&/,$answer)) {
 	my ($name,$value)=split(/\=/,$_);
-        $returnhash{&unescape($name)}=&unescape($value);
-    } split(/\&/,$answer);
+        $returnhash{&unescape($name)}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+    }
     my $version;
     for ($version=1;$version<=$returnhash{'version'};$version++) {
-       map {
+       foreach (split(/\:/,$returnhash{$version.':keys'})) {
           $returnhash{$_}=$returnhash{$version.':'.$_};
-       } split(/\:/,$returnhash{$version.':keys'});
+       }
     }
     return %returnhash;
 }
@@ -690,38 +2628,91 @@ sub restore {
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Course Description
 
 sub coursedescription {
-    my $courseid=shift;
+    my ($courseid,$args)=@_;
     $courseid=~s/^\///;
     $courseid=~s/\_/\//g;
     my ($cdomain,$cnum)=split(/\//,$courseid);
-    my $chome=homeserver($cnum,$cdomain);
+    my $chome=&homeserver($cnum,$cdomain);
+    my $normalid=$cdomain.'_'.$cnum;
+    # need to always cache even if we get errors otherwise we keep 
+    # trying and trying and trying to get the course description.
+    my %envhash=();
+    my %returnhash=();
+    
+    my $expiretime=600;
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'} eq $normalid) {
+	$expiretime=120;
+    }
+
+    my $prefix='course.'.$cdomain.'_'.$cnum.'.';
+    if (!$args->{'freshen_cache'}
+	&& ((time-$env{$prefix.'last_cache'}) < $expiretime) ) {
+	foreach my $key (keys(%env)) {
+	    next if ($key !~ /^\Q$prefix\E(.*)/);
+	    my ($setting) = $1;
+	    $returnhash{$setting} = $env{$key};
+	}
+	return %returnhash;
+    }
+
+    # get the data agin
+    if (!$args->{'one_time'}) {
+	$envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.last_cache'}=time;
+    }
     if ($chome ne 'no_host') {
-       my $rep=reply("dump:$cdomain:$cnum:environment",$chome);
-       if ($rep ne 'con_lost') {
-           my $normalid=$cdomain.'_'.$cnum;
-           my %envhash=();
-           my %returnhash=('home'   => $chome, 
-                           'domain' => $cdomain,
-                           'num'    => $cnum);
-           map {
-               my ($name,$value)=split(/\=/,$_);
-               $name=&unescape($name);
-               $value=&unescape($value);
-               $returnhash{$name}=$value;
+       %returnhash=&dump('environment',$cdomain,$cnum);
+       if (!exists($returnhash{'con_lost'})) {
+           $returnhash{'home'}= $chome;
+	   $returnhash{'domain'} = $cdomain;
+	   $returnhash{'num'} = $cnum;
+           if (!defined($returnhash{'type'})) {
+               $returnhash{'type'} = 'Course';
+           }
+           while (my ($name,$value) = each %returnhash) {
                $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.'.$name}=$value;
-           } split(/\&/,$rep);
-           $returnhash{'url'}='/res/'.declutter($returnhash{'url'});
+           }
+           $returnhash{'url'}=&clutter($returnhash{'url'});
            $returnhash{'fn'}=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.
-	       $ENV{'user.name'}.'_'.$cdomain.'_'.$cnum;
-           $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.last_cache'}=time;
+	       $env{'user.name'}.'_'.$cdomain.'_'.$cnum;
            $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.home'}=$chome;
            $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.domain'}=$cdomain;
            $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.num'}=$cnum;
-           &appenv(%envhash);
-           return %returnhash;
        }
     }
-    return ();
+    if (!$args->{'one_time'}) {
+	&appenv(%envhash);
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+# -------------------------------------------------See if a user is privileged
+
+sub privileged {
+    my ($username,$domain)=@_;
+    my $rolesdump=&reply("dump:$domain:$username:roles",
+			&homeserver($username,$domain));
+    if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '')) { return 0; }
+    my $now=time;
+    if ($rolesdump ne '') {
+        foreach (split(/&/,$rolesdump)) {
+	    if ($_!~/^rolesdef_/) {
+		my ($area,$role)=split(/=/,$_);
+		$area=~s/\_\w\w$//;
+		my ($trole,$tend,$tstart)=split(/_/,$role);
+		if (($trole eq 'dc') || ($trole eq 'su')) {
+		    my $active=1;
+		    if ($tend) {
+			if ($tend<$now) { $active=0; }
+		    }
+		    if ($tstart) {
+			if ($tstart>$now) { $active=0; }
+		    }
+		    if ($active) { return 1; }
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    return 0;
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------- Get user privileges
@@ -731,214 +2722,625 @@ sub rolesinit {
     my $rolesdump=reply("dump:$domain:$username:roles",$authhost);
     if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '')) { return ''; }
     my %allroles=();
-    my %thesepriv=();
+    my %allgroups=();   
     my $now=time;
-    my $userroles="user.login.time=$now\n";
-    my $thesestr;
+    my %userroles = ('user.login.time' => $now);
+    my $group_privs;
 
     if ($rolesdump ne '') {
-        map {
-	  if ($_!~/^rolesdef\&/) {
+        foreach (split(/&/,$rolesdump)) {
+	  if ($_!~/^rolesdef_/) {
             my ($area,$role)=split(/=/,$_);
-            $area=~s/\_\w\w$//;
-            my ($trole,$tend,$tstart)=split(/_/,$role);
-            $userroles.='user.role.'.$trole.'.'.$area.'='.
-                        $tstart.'.'.$tend."\n";
-            if ($tend!=0) {
-	        if ($tend<$now) {
-	            $trole='';
-                } 
+	    $area=~s/\_\w\w$//;
+            my ($trole,$tend,$tstart,$group_privs);
+	    if ($role=~/^cr/) { 
+		if ($role=~m|^(cr/\w+/\w+/[a-zA-Z0-9]+)_(.*)$|) {
+		    ($trole,my $trest)=($role=~m|^(cr/\w+/\w+/[a-zA-Z0-9]+)_(.*)$|);
+		    ($tend,$tstart)=split('_',$trest);
+		} else {
+		    $trole=$role;
+		}
+            } elsif ($role =~ m|^gr/|) {
+                ($trole,$tend,$tstart) = split(/_/,$role);
+                ($trole,$group_privs) = split(/\//,$trole);
+                $group_privs = &unescape($group_privs);
+	    } else {
+		($trole,$tend,$tstart)=split(/_/,$role);
+	    }
+	    my %new_role = &set_arearole($trole,$area,$tstart,$tend,$domain,
+					 $username);
+	    @userroles{keys(%new_role)} = @new_role{keys(%new_role)};
+            if (($tend!=0) && ($tend<$now)) { $trole=''; }
+            if (($tstart!=0) && ($tstart>$now)) { $trole=''; }
+            if (($area ne '') && ($trole ne '')) {
+		my $spec=$trole.'.'.$area;
+		my ($tdummy,$tdomain,$trest)=split(/\//,$area);
+		if ($trole =~ /^cr\//) {
+                    &custom_roleprivs(\%allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$trest,$spec,$area);
+                } elsif ($trole eq 'gr') {
+                    &group_roleprivs(\%allgroups,$area,$group_privs,$tend,$tstart);
+		} else {
+                    &standard_roleprivs(\%allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$area);
+		}
             }
-            if ($tstart!=0) {
-                if ($tstart>$now) {
-                   $trole='';        
-                }
+          }
+        }
+        my ($author,$adv) = &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%allroles,\%allgroups);
+        $userroles{'user.adv'}    = $adv;
+	$userroles{'user.author'} = $author;
+        $env{'user.adv'}=$adv;
+    }
+    return \%userroles;  
+}
+
+sub set_arearole {
+    my ($trole,$area,$tstart,$tend,$domain,$username) = @_;
+# log the associated role with the area
+    &userrolelog($trole,$username,$domain,$area,$tstart,$tend);
+    return ('user.role.'.$trole.'.'.$area => $tstart.'.'.$tend);
+}
+
+sub custom_roleprivs {
+    my ($allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$trest,$spec,$area) = @_;
+    my ($rdummy,$rdomain,$rauthor,$rrole)=split(/\//,$trole);
+    my $homsvr=homeserver($rauthor,$rdomain);
+    if ($hostname{$homsvr} ne '') {
+        my ($rdummy,$roledef)=
+            &get('roles',["rolesdef_$rrole"],$rdomain,$rauthor);
+        if (($rdummy ne 'con_lost') && ($roledef ne '')) {
+            my ($syspriv,$dompriv,$coursepriv)=split(/\_/,$roledef);
+            if (defined($syspriv)) {
+                $$allroles{'cm./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
+                $$allroles{$spec.'./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
             }
-            if (($area ne '') && ($trole ne '')) {
-	       my $spec=$trole.'.'.$area;
-               my ($tdummy,$tdomain,$trest)=split(/\//,$area);
-               if ($trole =~ /^cr\//) {
-		   my ($rdummy,$rdomain,$rauthor,$rrole)=split(/\//,$trole);
-                   my $homsvr=homeserver($rauthor,$rdomain);
-                   if ($hostname{$homsvr} ne '') {
-                      my $roledef=
-			  reply("get:$rdomain:$rauthor:roles:rolesdef_$rrole",
-                                $homsvr);
-                      if (($roledef ne 'con_lost') && ($roledef ne '')) {
-                         my ($syspriv,$dompriv,$coursepriv)=
-			     split(/\_/,unescape($roledef));
- 	                 $allroles{'cm./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
-                         $allroles{$spec.'./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
-                         if ($tdomain ne '') {
-                             $allroles{'cm./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$dompriv;
-                             $allroles{$spec.'./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$dompriv;
-                             if ($trest ne '') {
-		                $allroles{'cm.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
-		                $allroles{$spec.'.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
-                             }
-	                 }
-                      }
-                   }
-               } else {
-	           $allroles{'cm./'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':s'};
-	           $allroles{$spec.'./'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':s'};
-                   if ($tdomain ne '') {
-                     $allroles{'cm./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':d'};
-                     $allroles{$spec.'./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':d'};
-                      if ($trest ne '') {
-		          $allroles{'cm.'.$area}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':c'};
-		          $allroles{$spec.'.'.$area}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':c'};
-                      }
-	           }
-	       }
+            if ($tdomain ne '') {
+                if (defined($dompriv)) {
+                    $$allroles{'cm./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$dompriv;
+                    $$allroles{$spec.'./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$dompriv;
+                }
+                if (($trest ne '') && (defined($coursepriv))) {
+                    $$allroles{'cm.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
+                    $$allroles{$spec.'.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
+                }
             }
-          } 
-        } split(/&/,$rolesdump);
-        map {
-            %thesepriv=();
-            map {
-                if ($_ ne '') {
-		    my ($privilege,$restrictions)=split(/&/,$_);
-                    if ($restrictions eq '') {
-			$thesepriv{$privilege}='F';
-                    } else {
-                        if ($thesepriv{$privilege} ne 'F') {
-			    $thesepriv{$privilege}.=$restrictions;
-                        }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub group_roleprivs {
+    my ($allgroups,$area,$group_privs,$tend,$tstart) = @_;
+    my $access = 1;
+    my $now = time;
+    if (($tend!=0) && ($tend<$now)) { $access = 0; }
+    if (($tstart!=0) && ($tstart>$now)) { $access=0; }
+    if ($access) {
+        my ($course,$group) = ($area =~ m|(/\w+/\w+)/([^/]+)$|);
+        $$allgroups{$course}{$group} .=':'.$group_privs;
+    }
+}
+
+sub standard_roleprivs {
+    my ($allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$area) = @_;
+    if (defined($pr{$trole.':s'})) {
+        $$allroles{'cm./'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':s'};
+        $$allroles{$spec.'./'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':s'};
+    }
+    if ($tdomain ne '') {
+        if (defined($pr{$trole.':d'})) {
+            $$allroles{'cm./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':d'};
+            $$allroles{$spec.'./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':d'};
+        }
+        if (($trest ne '') && (defined($pr{$trole.':c'}))) {
+            $$allroles{'cm.'.$area}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':c'};
+            $$allroles{$spec.'.'.$area}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':c'};
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub set_userprivs {
+    my ($userroles,$allroles,$allgroups) = @_; 
+    my $author=0;
+    my $adv=0;
+    my %grouproles = ();
+    if (keys(%{$allgroups}) > 0) {
+        foreach my $role (keys %{$allroles}) {
+            my ($trole,$area,$sec,$extendedarea);
+            if ($role =~ m|^(\w+)\.(/\w+/\w+)(/?\w*)|) {
+                $trole = $1;
+                $area = $2;
+                $sec = $3;
+                $extendedarea = $area.$sec;
+                if (exists($$allgroups{$area})) {
+                    foreach my $group (keys(%{$$allgroups{$area}})) {
+                        my $spec = $trole.'.'.$extendedarea;
+                        $grouproles{$spec.'.'.$area.'/'.$group} = 
+                                                $$allgroups{$area}{$group};
                     }
                 }
-            } split(/:/,$allroles{$_});
-            $thesestr='';
-            map { $thesestr.=':'.$_.'&'.$thesepriv{$_}; } keys %thesepriv;
-            $userroles.='user.priv.'.$_.'='.$thesestr."\n";
-        } keys %allroles;            
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    foreach (keys(%grouproles)) {
+        $$allroles{$_} = $grouproles{$_};
+    }
+    foreach (keys %{$allroles}) {
+        my %thesepriv=();
+        if (($_=~/^au/) || ($_=~/^ca/)) { $author=1; }
+        foreach (split(/:/,$$allroles{$_})) {
+            if ($_ ne '') {
+                my ($privilege,$restrictions)=split(/&/,$_);
+                if ($restrictions eq '') {
+                    $thesepriv{$privilege}='F';
+                } elsif ($thesepriv{$privilege} ne 'F') {
+                    $thesepriv{$privilege}.=$restrictions;
+                }
+                if ($thesepriv{'adv'} eq 'F') { $adv=1; }
+            }
+        }
+        my $thesestr='';
+        foreach (keys %thesepriv) { $thesestr.=':'.$_.'&'.$thesepriv{$_}; }
+        $userroles->{'user.priv.'.$_} = $thesestr;
     }
-    return $userroles;  
+    return ($author,$adv);
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- get interface
 
 sub get {
-   my ($namespace,@storearr)=@_;
+   my ($namespace,$storearr,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
    my $items='';
-   map {
+   foreach (@$storearr) {
        $items.=escape($_).'&';
-   } @storearr;
+   }
    $items=~s/\&$//;
- my $rep=reply("get:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:$namespace:$items",
-                 $ENV{'user.home'});
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+
+   my $rep=&reply("get:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+   if ( $#pairs==0 && $pairs[0] =~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) {
+     return @pairs;
+   }
    my %returnhash=();
    my $i=0;
-   map {
-      $returnhash{$_}=unescape($pairs[$i]);
+   foreach (@$storearr) {
+      $returnhash{$_}=&thaw_unescape($pairs[$i]);
       $i++;
-   } @storearr;
+   }
    return %returnhash;
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- del interface
 
 sub del {
-   my ($namespace,@storearr)=@_;
+   my ($namespace,$storearr,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
    my $items='';
-   map {
+   foreach (@$storearr) {
        $items.=escape($_).'&';
-   } @storearr;
+   }
    $items=~s/\&$//;
-   return reply("del:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:$namespace:$items",
-                 $ENV{'user.home'});
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+
+   return &reply("del:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- dump interface
 
 sub dump {
-   my $namespace=shift;
-   my $rep=reply("dump:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:$namespace",
-                $ENV{'user.home'});
-   my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+    my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname,$regexp,$range)=@_;
+    if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+    if ($regexp) {
+	$regexp=&escape($regexp);
+    } else {
+	$regexp='.';
+    }
+    my $rep=&reply("dump:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$regexp:$range",$uhome);
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+    my %returnhash=();
+    foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+	$key = &unescape($key);
+	next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+	$returnhash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------- dumpstore interface
+
+sub dumpstore {
+   my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname,$regexp,$range)=@_;
+   return &dump($namespace,$udomain,$uname,$regexp,$range);
+}
+
+# -------------------------------------------------------------- keys interface
+
+sub getkeys {
+   my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+   my $rep=reply("keys:$udomain:$uname:$namespace",$uhome);
+   my @keyarray=();
+   foreach (split(/\&/,$rep)) {
+      push (@keyarray,&unescape($_));
+   }
+   return @keyarray;
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------- currentdump
+sub currentdump {
+   my ($courseid,$sdom,$sname)=@_;
+   $courseid = $env{'request.course.id'} if (! defined($courseid));
+   $sdom     = $env{'user.domain'}       if (! defined($sdom));
+   $sname    = $env{'user.name'}         if (! defined($sname));
+   my $uhome = &homeserver($sname,$sdom);
+   my $rep=reply('currentdump:'.$sdom.':'.$sname.':'.$courseid,$uhome);
+   return if ($rep =~ /^(error:|no_such_host)/);
+   #
    my %returnhash=();
-   map {
-      my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$_);
-      $returnhash{unescape($key)}=unescape($value);
-   } @pairs;
+   #
+   if ($rep eq "unknown_cmd") { 
+       # an old lond will not know currentdump
+       # Do a dump and make it look like a currentdump
+       my @tmp = &dump($courseid,$sdom,$sname,'.');
+       return if ($tmp[0] =~ /^(error:|no_such_host)/);
+       my %hash = @tmp;
+       @tmp=();
+       %returnhash = %{&convert_dump_to_currentdump(\%hash)};
+   } else {
+       my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+       foreach (@pairs) {
+           my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$_);
+           my ($symb,$param) = split(/:/,$key);
+           $returnhash{&unescape($symb)}->{&unescape($param)} = 
+                                                        &thaw_unescape($value);
+       }
+   }
    return %returnhash;
 }
 
+sub convert_dump_to_currentdump{
+    my %hash = %{shift()};
+    my %returnhash;
+    # Code ripped from lond, essentially.  The only difference
+    # here is the unescaping done by lonnet::dump().  Conceivably
+    # we might run in to problems with parameter names =~ /^v\./
+    while (my ($key,$value) = each(%hash)) {
+        my ($v,$symb,$param) = split(/:/,$key);
+        next if ($v eq 'version' || $symb eq 'keys');
+        next if (exists($returnhash{$symb}) &&
+                 exists($returnhash{$symb}->{$param}) &&
+                 $returnhash{$symb}->{'v.'.$param} > $v);
+        $returnhash{$symb}->{$param}=$value;
+        $returnhash{$symb}->{'v.'.$param}=$v;
+    }
+    #
+    # Remove all of the keys in the hashes which keep track of
+    # the version of the parameter.
+    while (my ($symb,$param_hash) = each(%returnhash)) {
+        # use a foreach because we are going to delete from the hash.
+        foreach my $key (keys(%$param_hash)) {
+            delete($param_hash->{$key}) if ($key =~ /^v\./);
+        }
+    }
+    return \%returnhash;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------ critical inc interface
+
+sub cinc {
+    return &inc(@_,'critical');
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------- inc interface
+
+sub inc {
+    my ($namespace,$store,$udomain,$uname,$critical) = @_;
+    if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+    my $items='';
+    if (! ref($store)) {
+        # got a single value, so use that instead
+        $items = &escape($store).'=&';
+    } elsif (ref($store) eq 'SCALAR') {
+        $items = &escape($$store).'=&';        
+    } elsif (ref($store) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        $items = join('=&',map {&escape($_);} @{$store});
+    } elsif (ref($store) eq 'HASH') {
+        while (my($key,$value) = each(%{$store})) {
+            $items.= &escape($key).'='.&escape($value).'&';
+        }
+    }
+    $items=~s/\&$//;
+    if ($critical) {
+	return &critical("inc:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+    } else {
+	return &reply("inc:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+    }
+}
+
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- put interface
 
 sub put {
-   my ($namespace,%storehash)=@_;
+   my ($namespace,$storehash,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+   my $items='';
+   foreach (keys %$storehash) {
+       $items.=&escape($_).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$_}).'&';
+   }
+   $items=~s/\&$//;
+   return &reply("put:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ newput interface
+
+sub newput {
+   my ($namespace,$storehash,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+   my $items='';
+   foreach my $key (keys(%$storehash)) {
+       $items.=&escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$key}).'&';
+   }
+   $items=~s/\&$//;
+   return &reply("newput:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------  putstore interface
+
+sub putstore {
+   my ($namespace,$symb,$version,$storehash,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
    my $items='';
-   map {
-       $items.=escape($_).'='.escape($storehash{$_}).'&';
-   } keys %storehash;
+   foreach my $key (keys(%$storehash)) {
+       $items.= &escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($storehash->{$key}).'&';
+   }
    $items=~s/\&$//;
-   return reply("put:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:$namespace:$items",
-                 $ENV{'user.home'});
+   my $esc_symb=&escape($symb);
+   my $esc_v=&escape($version);
+   my $reply =
+       &reply("putstore:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$esc_symb:$esc_v:$items",
+	      $uhome);
+   if ($reply eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+       # gfall back to way things use to be done
+       return &old_putstore($namespace,$symb,$version,$storehash,$udomain,
+			    $uname);
+   }
+   return $reply;
+}
+
+sub old_putstore {
+    my ($namespace,$symb,$version,$storehash,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
+    if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+    my %newstorehash;
+    foreach (keys %$storehash) {
+	my $key = $version.':'.&escape($symb).':'.$_;
+	$newstorehash{$key} = $storehash->{$_};
+    }
+    my $items='';
+    my %allitems = ();
+    foreach (keys %newstorehash) {
+	if ($_ =~ m/^([^\:]+):([^\:]+):([^\:]+)$/) {
+	    my $key = $1.':keys:'.$2;
+	    $allitems{$key} .= $3.':';
+	}
+	$items.=$_.'='.&freeze_escape($newstorehash{$_}).'&';
+    }
+    foreach (keys %allitems) {
+	$allitems{$_} =~ s/\:$//;
+	$items.= $_.'='.$allitems{$_}.'&';
+    }
+    $items=~s/\&$//;
+    return &reply("put:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------ critical put interface
 
 sub cput {
-   my ($namespace,%storehash)=@_;
+   my ($namespace,$storehash,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
    my $items='';
-   map {
-       $items.=escape($_).'='.escape($storehash{$_}).'&';
-   } keys %storehash;
+   foreach (keys %$storehash) {
+       $items.=&escape($_).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$_}).'&';
+   }
    $items=~s/\&$//;
-   return critical
-           ("put:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:$namespace:$items",
-                 $ENV{'user.home'});
+   return &critical("put:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- eget interface
 
 sub eget {
-   my ($namespace,@storearr)=@_;
+   my ($namespace,$storearr,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
    my $items='';
-   map {
+   foreach (@$storearr) {
        $items.=escape($_).'&';
-   } @storearr;
+   }
    $items=~s/\&$//;
- my $rep=reply("eget:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:$namespace:$items",
-                 $ENV{'user.home'});
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+   my $rep=&reply("eget:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
    my %returnhash=();
    my $i=0;
-   map {
-      $returnhash{$_}=unescape($pairs[$i]);
+   foreach (@$storearr) {
+      $returnhash{$_}=&thaw_unescape($pairs[$i]);
       $i++;
-   } @storearr;
+   }
    return %returnhash;
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ tmpput interface
+sub tmpput {
+    my ($storehash,$server)=@_;
+    my $items='';
+    foreach (keys(%$storehash)) {
+	$items.=&escape($_).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$_}).'&';
+    }
+    $items=~s/\&$//;
+    return &reply("tmpput:$items",$server);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ tmpget interface
+sub tmpget {
+    my ($token,$server)=@_;
+    if (!defined($server)) { $server = $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
+    my $rep=&reply("tmpget:$token",$server);
+    my %returnhash;
+    foreach my $item (split(/\&/,$rep)) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item);
+	$returnhash{&unescape($key)}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ tmpget interface
+sub tmpdel {
+    my ($token,$server)=@_;
+    if (!defined($server)) { $server = $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
+    return &reply("tmpdel:$token",$server);
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------- Custom access rule evaluation
+
+sub customaccess {
+    my ($priv,$uri)=@_;
+    my ($urole,$urealm)=split(/\./,$env{'request.role'});
+    $urealm=~s/^\W//;
+    my ($udom,$ucrs,$usec)=split(/\//,$urealm);
+    my $access=0;
+    foreach (split(/\s*\,\s*/,&metadata($uri,'rule_rights'))) {
+	my ($effect,$realm,$role)=split(/\:/,$_);
+        if ($role) {
+	   if ($role ne $urole) { next; }
+        }
+        foreach (split(/\s*\,\s*/,$realm)) {
+            my ($tdom,$tcrs,$tsec)=split(/\_/,$_);
+            if ($tdom) {
+		if ($tdom ne $udom) { next; }
+            }
+            if ($tcrs) {
+		if ($tcrs ne $ucrs) { next; }
+            }
+            if ($tsec) {
+		if ($tsec ne $usec) { next; }
+            }
+            $access=($effect eq 'allow');
+            last;
+        }
+	if ($realm eq '' && $role eq '') {
+            $access=($effect eq 'allow');
+	}
+    }
+    return $access;
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------- Check for a user privilege
 
 sub allowed {
-    my ($priv,$uri)=@_;
+    my ($priv,$uri,$symb)=@_;
+    my $ver_orguri=$uri;
+    $uri=&deversion($uri);
+    my $orguri=$uri;
     $uri=&declutter($uri);
-
+    
+    if (defined($env{'allowed.'.$priv})) { return $env{'allowed.'.$priv}; }
 # Free bre access to adm and meta resources
-
-    if ((($uri=~/^adm\//) || ($uri=~/\.meta$/)) && ($priv eq 'bre')) {
+    if (((($uri=~/^adm\//) && ($uri !~ m|/bulletinboard$|)) 
+	 || ($uri=~/\.meta$/)) && ($priv eq 'bre')) {
 	return 'F';
     }
 
+# Free bre access to user's own portfolio contents
+    my ($space,$domain,$name,@dir)=split('/',$uri);
+    if (($space=~/^(uploaded|editupload)$/) && ($env{'user.name'} eq $name) && 
+	($env{'user.domain'} eq $domain) && ('portfolio' eq $dir[0])) {
+        return 'F';
+    }
+
+# bre access to group if user has rgf priv for this group and course.
+    if (($space=~/^(uploaded|editupload)$/) && ($dir[0] eq 'groups') 
+         && ($dir[2] eq 'portfolio') && ($priv eq 'bre')) {
+        if (exists($env{'request.course.id'})) {
+            my $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+            my $cnum = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+            if (($domain eq $cdom) && ($name eq $cnum)) {
+                my $courseprivid=$env{'request.course.id'};
+                $courseprivid=~s/\_/\//;
+                if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.$courseprivid
+                    .'/'.$dir[1]} =~/rgf\&([^\:]*)/) {
+                    return $1; 
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+# Free bre to public access
+
+    if ($priv eq 'bre') {
+        my $copyright=&metadata($uri,'copyright');
+	if (($copyright eq 'public') && (!$env{'request.course.id'})) { 
+           return 'F'; 
+        }
+        if ($copyright eq 'priv') {
+            $uri=~/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)\//;
+	    unless (($env{'user.name'} eq $2) && ($env{'user.domain'} eq $1)) {
+		return '';
+            }
+        }
+        if ($copyright eq 'domain') {
+            $uri=~/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)\//;
+	    unless (($env{'user.domain'} eq $1) ||
+                 ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} eq $1)) {
+		return '';
+            }
+        }
+        if ($env{'request.role'}=~ /li\.\//) {
+            # Library role, so allow browsing of resources in this domain.
+            return 'F';
+        }
+        if ($copyright eq 'custom') {
+	    unless (&customaccess($priv,$uri)) { return ''; }
+        }
+    }
+    # Domain coordinator is trying to create a course
+    if (($priv eq 'ccc') && ($env{'request.role'} =~ /^dc\./)) {
+        # uri is the requested domain in this case.
+        # comparison to 'request.role.domain' shows if the user has selected
+        # a role of dc for the domain in question.
+        return 'F' if ($uri eq $env{'request.role.domain'});
+    }
+
     my $thisallowed='';
     my $statecond=0;
     my $courseprivid='';
 
 # Course
 
-    if ($ENV{'user.priv.'.$ENV{'request.role'}.'./'}=~/$priv\&([^\:]*)/) {
+    if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'}=~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
        $thisallowed.=$1;
     }
 
 # Domain
 
-    if ($ENV{'user.priv.'.$ENV{'request.role'}.'./'.(split(/\//,$uri))[0].'/'}
-       =~/$priv\&([^\:]*)/) {
+    if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.(split(/\//,$uri))[0].'/'}
+       =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
        $thisallowed.=$1;
     }
 
@@ -947,11 +3349,45 @@ sub allowed {
     $courseuri=~s/\_(\d)/\/$1/;
     $courseuri=~s/^([^\/])/\/$1/;
 
-    if ($ENV{'user.priv.'.$ENV{'request.role'}.'.'.$courseuri}
-       =~/$priv\&([^\:]*)/) {
+    if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'.'.$courseuri}
+       =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
+       $thisallowed.=$1;
+    }
+
+# Group: uri itself is a group
+    my $groupuri=$uri;
+    $groupuri=~s/^([^\/])/\/$1/;
+    if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'.'.$groupuri}
+       =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
        $thisallowed.=$1;
     }
 
+# URI is an uploaded document for this course, default permissions don't matter
+# not allowing 'edit' access (editupload) to uploaded course docs
+    if (($priv eq 'bre') && ($uri=~m|^uploaded/|)) {
+	$thisallowed='';
+        my ($match)=&is_on_map($uri);
+        if ($match) {
+            if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'}
+                  =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
+                $thisallowed.=$1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            my $refuri = $env{'httpref.'.$orguri} || $env{'httpref.'.$ver_orguri};
+            if ($refuri) {
+                if ($refuri =~ m|^/adm/|) {
+                    $thisallowed='F';
+                } else {
+                    $refuri=&declutter($refuri);
+                    my ($match) = &is_on_map($refuri);
+                    if ($match) {
+                        $thisallowed='F';
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
 # Full access at system, domain or course-wide level? Exit.
 
     if ($thisallowed=~/F/) {
@@ -960,7 +3396,16 @@ sub allowed {
 
 # If this is generating or modifying users, exit with special codes
 
-    if (':csu:cdc:ccc:cin:cta:cep:ccr:cst:cad:cli:cau:cdg:'=~/\:$priv\:/) {
+    if (':csu:cdc:ccc:cin:cta:cep:ccr:cst:cad:cli:cau:cdg:cca:caa:'=~/\:\Q$priv\E\:/) {
+	if (($priv eq 'cca') || ($priv eq 'caa')) {
+	    my ($audom,$auname)=split('/',$uri);
+# no author name given, so this just checks on the general right to make a co-author in this domain
+	    unless ($auname) { return $thisallowed; }
+# an author name is given, so we are about to actually make a co-author for a certain account
+	    if (($auname ne $env{'user.name'} && $env{'request.role'} !~ /^dc\./) ||
+		(($audom ne $env{'user.domain'} && $env{'request.role'} !~ /^dc\./) &&
+		 ($audom ne $env{'request.role.domain'}))) { return ''; }
+	}
 	return $thisallowed;
     }
 #
@@ -969,48 +3414,53 @@ sub allowed {
 # Course: See if uri or referer is an individual resource that is part of 
 # the course
 
-    if ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
-       $courseprivid=$ENV{'request.course.id'};
-       if ($ENV{'request.course.sec'}) {
-          $courseprivid.='/'.$ENV{'request.course.sec'};
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
+
+       $courseprivid=$env{'request.course.id'};
+       if ($env{'request.course.sec'}) {
+          $courseprivid.='/'.$env{'request.course.sec'};
        }
        $courseprivid=~s/\_/\//;
        my $checkreferer=1;
-       my @uriparts=split(/\//,$uri);
-       my $filename=$uriparts[$#uriparts];
-       my $pathname=$uri;
-       $pathname=~s/\/$filename$//;
-       if ($ENV{'acc.res.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$pathname}=~
-           /\&$filename\:([\d\|]+)\&/) {
-           $statecond=$1;
-           if ($ENV{'user.priv.'.$ENV{'request.role'}.'./'.$courseprivid}
-               =~/$priv\&([^\:]*)/) {
+       my ($match,$cond)=&is_on_map($uri);
+       if ($match) {
+           $statecond=$cond;
+           if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.$courseprivid}
+               =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
                $thisallowed.=$1;
                $checkreferer=0;
            }
        }
        
-       if (($ENV{'HTTP_REFERER'}) && ($checkreferer)) {
-	  my $refuri=$ENV{'HTTP_REFERER'};
-          $refuri=~s/^http\:\/\/$ENV{'request.host'}//i;
-          $refuri=&declutter($refuri);
-          my @uriparts=split(/\//,$refuri);
-          my $filename=$uriparts[$#uriparts];
-          my $pathname=$refuri;
-          $pathname=~s/\/$filename$//;
-          my @filenameparts=split(/\./,$uri);
-          if (&fileembstyle($filenameparts[$#filenameparts]) ne 'ssi') {
-            if ($ENV{'acc.res.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$pathname}=~
-              /\&$filename\:([\d\|]+)\&/) {
-              my $refstatecond=$1;
-              if ($ENV{'user.priv.'.$ENV{'request.role'}.'./'.$courseprivid}
-                  =~/$priv\&([^\:]*)/) {
+       if ($checkreferer) {
+	  my $refuri=$env{'httpref.'.$orguri};
+            unless ($refuri) {
+                foreach (keys %env) {
+		    if ($_=~/^httpref\..*\*/) {
+			my $pattern=$_;
+                        $pattern=~s/^httpref\.\/res\///;
+                        $pattern=~s/\*/\[\^\/\]\+/g;
+                        $pattern=~s/\//\\\//g;
+                        if ($orguri=~/$pattern/) {
+			    $refuri=$env{$_};
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+         if ($refuri) { 
+	  $refuri=&declutter($refuri);
+          my ($match,$cond)=&is_on_map($refuri);
+            if ($match) {
+              my $refstatecond=$cond;
+              if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.$courseprivid}
+                  =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
                   $thisallowed.=$1;
                   $uri=$refuri;
                   $statecond=$refstatecond;
               }
-            }
           }
+        }
        }
    }
 
@@ -1043,39 +3493,39 @@ sub allowed {
 
     my $envkey;
     if ($thisallowed=~/L/) {
-        foreach $envkey (keys %ENV) {
+        foreach $envkey (keys %env) {
            if ($envkey=~/^user\.role\.(st|ta)\.([^\.]*)/) {
                my $courseid=$2;
                my $roleid=$1.'.'.$2;
                $courseid=~s/^\///;
                my $expiretime=600;
-               if ($ENV{'request.role'} eq $roleid) {
+               if ($env{'request.role'} eq $roleid) {
 		  $expiretime=120;
                }
 	       my ($cdom,$cnum,$csec)=split(/\//,$courseid);
                my $prefix='course.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum.'.';
-               if ((time-$ENV{$prefix.'last_cache'})>$expiretime) {
-		   &coursedescription($courseid);
+               if ((time-$env{$prefix.'last_cache'})>$expiretime) {
+		   &coursedescription($courseid,{'freshen_cache' => 1});
                }
-               if (($ENV{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.sections'}=~/\,$csec\,/)
-                || ($ENV{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.sections'} eq 'all')) {
-		   if ($ENV{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.expire'}>time) {
-                       &log($ENV{'user.domain'},$ENV{'user.name'},
-                            $ENV{'user.host'},
+               if (($env{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.sections'}=~/\,\Q$csec\E\,/)
+                || ($env{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.sections'} eq 'all')) {
+		   if ($env{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.expire'}>time) {
+                       &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},
+                            $env{'user.home'},
                             'Locked by res: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' due to '.
                             $cdom.'/'.$cnum.'/'.$csec.' expire '.
-                            $ENV{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'});
+                            $env{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'});
 		       return '';
                    }
                }
-               if (($ENV{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.sections'}=~/\,$csec\,/)
-                || ($ENV{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.sections'} eq 'all')) {
-		   if ($ENV{'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'}>time) {
-                       &log($ENV{'user.domain'},$ENV{'user.name'},
-                            $ENV{'user.host'},
+               if (($env{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.sections'}=~/\,\Q$csec\E\,/)
+                || ($env{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.sections'} eq 'all')) {
+		   if ($env{'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'}>time) {
+                       &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},
+                            $env{'user.home'},
                             'Locked by priv: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' due to '.
                             $cdom.'/'.$cnum.'/'.$csec.' expire '.
-                            $ENV{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'});
+                            $env{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'});
 		       return '';
                    }
                }
@@ -1087,7 +3537,7 @@ sub allowed {
 # Rest of the restrictions depend on selected course
 #
 
-    unless ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
+    unless ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
        return '1';
     }
 
@@ -1099,12 +3549,25 @@ sub allowed {
 # Course preferences
 
    if ($thisallowed=~/C/) {
-       my $rolecode=(split(/\./,$ENV{'request.role'}))[0];
-       if ($ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.roles.denied'}
-	   =~/\,$rolecode\,/) {
-           &log($ENV{'user.domain'},$ENV{'user.name'},$ENV{'user.host'},
-                'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode.' in '.
-                $ENV{'request.course.id'});
+       my $rolecode=(split(/\./,$env{'request.role'}))[0];
+       my $unamedom=$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+       if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.roles.denied'}
+	   =~/\Q$rolecode\E/) {
+	   if ($priv ne 'pch') { 
+	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.':'.
+			'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode.' in '.
+			$env{'request.course.id'});
+	   }
+           return '';
+       }
+
+       if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.users.denied'}
+	   =~/\Q$unamedom\E/) {
+	   if ($priv ne 'pch') { 
+	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.
+			'Denied by user: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$unamedom.' in '.
+			$env{'request.course.id'});
+	   }
            return '';
        }
    }
@@ -1112,27 +3575,25 @@ sub allowed {
 # Resource preferences
 
    if ($thisallowed=~/R/) {
-       my $rolecode=(split(/\./,$ENV{'request.role'}))[0];
-       my $filename=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.$uri.'.meta';
-       if (-e $filename) {
-           my @content;
-           {
-	     my $fh=Apache::File->new($filename);
-             @content=<$fh>;
+       my $rolecode=(split(/\./,$env{'request.role'}))[0];
+       if (&metadata($uri,'roledeny')=~/\Q$rolecode\E/) {
+	   if ($priv ne 'pch') { 
+	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.':'.
+			'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode);
 	   }
-           if (join('',@content)=~
-                    /\<roledeny[^\>]*\>[^\<]*$rolecode[^\<]*\<\/roledeny\>/) {
-	       &log($ENV{'user.domain'},$ENV{'user.name'},$ENV{'user.host'},
-                    'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode);
-           return '';
-
-           }
+	   return '';
        }
    }
 
-# Restricted by state?
+# Restricted by state or randomout?
 
    if ($thisallowed=~/X/) {
+      if ($env{'acc.randomout'}) {
+	 if (!$symb) { $symb=&symbread($uri,1); }
+         if (($symb) && ($env{'acc.randomout'}=~/\&\Q$symb\E\&/)) { 
+            return ''; 
+         }
+      }
       if (&condval($statecond)) {
 	 return '2';
       } else {
@@ -1143,43 +3604,87 @@ sub allowed {
    return 'F';
 }
 
+sub split_uri_for_cond {
+    my $uri=&deversion(&declutter(shift));
+    my @uriparts=split(/\//,$uri);
+    my $filename=pop(@uriparts);
+    my $pathname=join('/',@uriparts);
+    return ($pathname,$filename);
+}
+# --------------------------------------------------- Is a resource on the map?
+
+sub is_on_map {
+    my ($pathname,$filename) = &split_uri_for_cond(shift);
+    #Trying to find the conditional for the file
+    my $match=($env{'acc.res.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$pathname}=~
+	       /\&\Q$filename\E\:([\d\|]+)\&/);
+    if ($match) {
+	return (1,$1);
+    } else {
+	return (0,0);
+    }
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------- Get symb from alias
+
+sub get_symb_from_alias {
+    my $symb=shift;
+    my ($map,$resid,$url)=&decode_symb($symb);
+# Already is a symb
+    if ($url) { return $symb; }
+# Must be an alias
+    my $aliassymb='';
+    my %bighash;
+    if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+                            &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+        my $rid=$bighash{'mapalias_'.$symb};
+	if ($rid) {
+	    my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$rid);
+	    $aliassymb=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
+				    $resid,$bighash{'src_'.$rid});
+	}
+        untie %bighash;
+    }
+    return $aliassymb;
+}
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Define Role
 
 sub definerole {
   if (allowed('mcr','/')) {
     my ($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole)=@_;
-    map {
+    foreach (split(':',$sysrole)) {
 	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$_);
-        if ($pr{'cr:s'}!~/$crole/) { return "refused:s:$crole"; }
-        if ($pr{'cr:s'}=~/$crole\&/) {
-	    if ($pr{'cr:s'}!~/$crole\&\w*$cqual/) { 
+        if ($pr{'cr:s'}!~/\Q$crole\E/) { return "refused:s:$crole"; }
+        if ($pr{'cr:s'}=~/\Q$crole\E\&/) {
+	    if ($pr{'cr:s'}!~/\Q$crole\E\&\w*\Q$cqual\E/) { 
                return "refused:s:$crole&$cqual"; 
             }
         }
-    } split('/',$sysrole);
-    map {
+    }
+    foreach (split(':',$domrole)) {
 	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$_);
-        if ($pr{'cr:d'}!~/$crole/) { return "refused:d:$crole"; }
-        if ($pr{'cr:d'}=~/$crole\&/) {
-	    if ($pr{'cr:d'}!~/$crole\&\w*$cqual/) { 
+        if ($pr{'cr:d'}!~/\Q$crole\E/) { return "refused:d:$crole"; }
+        if ($pr{'cr:d'}=~/\Q$crole\E\&/) {
+	    if ($pr{'cr:d'}!~/\Q$crole\W\&\w*\Q$cqual\E/) { 
                return "refused:d:$crole&$cqual"; 
             }
         }
-    } split('/',$domrole);
-    map {
+    }
+    foreach (split(':',$courole)) {
 	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$_);
-        if ($pr{'cr:c'}!~/$crole/) { return "refused:c:$crole"; }
-        if ($pr{'cr:c'}=~/$crole\&/) {
-	    if ($pr{'cr:c'}!~/$crole\&\w*$cqual/) { 
+        if ($pr{'cr:c'}!~/\Q$crole\E/) { return "refused:c:$crole"; }
+        if ($pr{'cr:c'}=~/\Q$crole\E\&/) {
+	    if ($pr{'cr:c'}!~/\Q$crole\E\&\w*\Q$cqual\E/) { 
                return "refused:c:$crole&$cqual"; 
             }
         }
-    } split('/',$courole);
-    my $command="encrypt:rolesput:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:".
-                "$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:".
+    }
+    my $command="encrypt:rolesput:$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
+                "$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
 	        "rolesdef_$rolename=".
                 escape($sysrole.'_'.$domrole.'_'.$courole);
-    return reply($command,$ENV{'user.home'});
+    return reply($command,$env{'user.home'});
   } else {
     return 'refused';
   }
@@ -1188,56 +3693,483 @@ sub definerole {
 # ---------------- Make a metadata query against the network of library servers
 
 sub metadata_query {
-    my ($query)=@_;
-    my $reply=&reply("querysend:".&escape($query),'msul3');
+    my ($query,$custom,$customshow,$server_array)=@_;
+    my %rhash;
+    my @server_list = (defined($server_array) ? @$server_array
+                                              : keys(%libserv) );
+    for my $server (@server_list) {
+	unless ($custom or $customshow) {
+	    my $reply=&reply("querysend:".&escape($query),$server);
+	    $rhash{$server}=$reply;
+	}
+	else {
+	    my $reply=&reply("querysend:".&escape($query).':'.
+			     &escape($custom).':'.&escape($customshow),
+			     $server);
+	    $rhash{$server}=$reply;
+	}
+    }
+    return \%rhash;
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ Plain Text
+# ----------------------------------------- Send log queries and wait for reply
 
-sub plaintext {
-    my $short=shift;
-    return $prp{$short};
+sub log_query {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$query,%filters)=@_;
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    if ($uhome eq 'no_host') { return 'error: no_host'; }
+    my $uhost=$hostname{$uhome};
+    my $command=&escape(join(':',map{$_.'='.$filters{$_}} keys %filters));
+    my $queryid=&reply("querysend:".$query.':'.$udom.':'.$uname.':'.$command,
+                       $uhome);
+    unless ($queryid=~/^\Q$uhost\E\_/) { return 'error: '.$queryid; }
+    return get_query_reply($queryid);
+}
+
+# ------- Request retrieval of institutional classlists for course(s)
+
+sub fetch_enrollment_query {
+    my ($context,$affiliatesref,$replyref,$dom,$cnum) = @_;
+    my $homeserver;
+    my $maxtries = 1;
+    if ($context eq 'automated') {
+        $homeserver = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+        $maxtries = 10; # will wait for up to 2000s for retrieval of classlist data before timeout
+    } else {
+        $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$dom);
+    }
+    my $host=$hostname{$homeserver};
+    my $cmd = '';
+    foreach (keys %{$affiliatesref}) {
+        $cmd .= $_.'='.join(",",@{$$affiliatesref{$_}}).'%%';
+    }
+    $cmd =~ s/%%$//;
+    $cmd = &escape($cmd);
+    my $query = 'fetchenrollment';
+    my $queryid=&reply("querysend:".$query.':'.$dom.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$cmd,$homeserver);
+    unless ($queryid=~/^\Q$host\E\_/) { 
+        &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query: invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$host.' and homeserver: '.$homeserver.' context: '.$context.' '.$cnum); 
+        return 'error: '.$queryid;
+    }
+    my $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+    my $tries = 1;
+    while (($reply=~/^timeout/) && ($tries < $maxtries)) {
+        $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+        $tries ++;
+    }
+    if ( ($reply =~/^timeout/) || ($reply =~/^error/) ) {
+        &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query error: '.$reply.' for '.$dom.' '.$env{'user.name'}.' for '.$queryid.' context: '.$context.' '.$cnum.' maxtries: '.$maxtries.' tries: '.$tries);
+    } else {
+        my @responses = split/:/,$reply;
+        if ($homeserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+            foreach (@responses) {
+                my ($key,$value) = split/=/,$_;
+                $$replyref{$key} = $value;
+            }
+        } else {
+            my $pathname = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+            foreach (@responses) {
+                my ($key,$value) = split/=/,$_;
+                $$replyref{$key} = $value;
+                if ($value > 0) {
+                    foreach (@{$$affiliatesref{$key}}) {
+                        my $filename = $dom.'_'.$key.'_'.$_.'_classlist.xml';
+                        my $destname = $pathname.'/'.$filename;
+                        my $xml_classlist = &reply("autoretrieve:".$filename,$homeserver);
+                        if ($xml_classlist =~ /^error/) {
+                            &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query - autoretrieve error: '.$xml_classlist.' for '.$filename.' from server: '.$homeserver.' '.$context.' '.$cnum);
+                        } else {
+                            if ( open(FILE,">$destname") ) {
+                                print FILE &unescape($xml_classlist);
+                                close(FILE);
+                            } else {
+                                &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query - error opening classlist file '.$destname.' '.$context.' '.$cnum);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return 'ok';
+    }
+    return 'error';
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ Plain Text
+sub get_query_reply {
+    my $queryid=shift;
+    my $replyfile=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$queryid;
+    my $reply='';
+    for (1..100) {
+	sleep 2;
+        if (-e $replyfile.'.end') {
+	    if (open(my $fh,$replyfile)) {
+               $reply.=<$fh>;
+               close($fh);
+	   } else { return 'error: reply_file_error'; }
+           return &unescape($reply);
+	}
+    }
+    return 'timeout:'.$queryid;
+}
+
+sub courselog_query {
+#
+# possible filters:
+# url: url or symb
+# username
+# domain
+# action: view, submit, grade
+# start: timestamp
+# end: timestamp
+#
+    my (%filters)=@_;
+    unless ($env{'request.course.id'}) { return 'no_course'; }
+    if ($filters{'url'}) {
+	$filters{'url'}=&symbclean(&declutter($filters{'url'}));
+        $filters{'url'}=~s/\.(\w+)$/(\\.\\d+)*\\.$1/;
+        $filters{'url'}=~s/\.(\w+)\_\_\_/(\\.\\d+)*\\.$1/;
+    }
+    my $cname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+    my $cdom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+    return &log_query($cname,$cdom,'courselog',%filters);
+}
+
+sub userlog_query {
+    my ($uname,$udom,%filters)=@_;
+    return &log_query($uname,$udom,'userlog',%filters);
+}
+
+#--------- Call auto-enrollment subs in localenroll.pm for homeserver for course 
+
+sub auto_run {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $response = &reply('autorun:'.$cdom,$homeserver);
+    return $response;
+}
+                                                                                   
+sub auto_get_sections {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_coursecode) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my @secs = ();
+    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autogetsections:'.$inst_coursecode.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
+    unless ($response eq 'refused') {
+        @secs = split/:/,$response;
+    }
+    return @secs;
+}
+                                                                                   
+sub auto_new_course {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_course_id,$owner) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autonewcourse:'.$inst_course_id.':'.$owner.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
+    return $response;
+}
+                                                                                   
+sub auto_validate_courseID {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_course_id) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autovalidatecourse:'.$inst_course_id.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
+    return $response;
+}
+                                                                                   
+sub auto_create_password {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$authparam) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom); 
+    my $create_passwd = 0;
+    my $authchk = '';
+    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autocreatepassword:'.$authparam.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
+    if ($response eq 'refused') {
+        $authchk = 'refused';
+    } else {
+        ($authparam,$create_passwd,$authchk) = split/:/,$response;
+    }
+    return ($authparam,$create_passwd,$authchk);
+}
+
+sub auto_photo_permission {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$students) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my ($outcome,$perm_reqd,$conditions) = 
+	split(/:/,&unescape(&reply('autophotopermission:'.$cdom,$homeserver)),3);
+    if ($outcome =~ /^(con_lost|unknown_cmd|no_such_host)$/) {
+	return (undef,undef);
+    }
+    return ($outcome,$perm_reqd,$conditions);
+}
+
+sub auto_checkphotos {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$pid) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    my ($result,$resulttype);
+    my $outcome = &unescape(&reply('autophotocheck:'.&escape($udom).':'.
+				   &escape($uname).':'.&escape($pid),
+				   $homeserver));
+    if ($outcome =~ /^(con_lost|unknown_cmd|no_such_host)$/) {
+	return (undef,undef);
+    }
+    if ($outcome) {
+        ($result,$resulttype) = split(/:/,$outcome);
+    } 
+    return ($result,$resulttype);
+}
+
+sub auto_photochoice {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my ($update,$comment) = split(/:/,&unescape(&reply('autophotochoice:'.
+						       &escape($cdom),
+						       $homeserver)));
+    if ($update =~ /^(con_lost|unknown_cmd|no_such_host)$/) {
+	return (undef,undef);
+    }
+    return ($update,$comment);
+}
+
+sub auto_photoupdate {
+    my ($affiliatesref,$dom,$cnum,$photo) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$dom);
+    my $host=$hostname{$homeserver};
+    my $cmd = '';
+    my $maxtries = 1;
+    foreach (keys %{$affiliatesref}) {
+        $cmd .= $_.'='.join(",",@{$$affiliatesref{$_}}).'%%';
+    }
+    $cmd =~ s/%%$//;
+    $cmd = &escape($cmd);
+    my $query = 'institutionalphotos';
+    my $queryid=&reply("querysend:".$query.':'.$dom.':'.$cnum.':'.$cmd,$homeserver);
+    unless ($queryid=~/^\Q$host\E\_/) {
+        &logthis('institutionalphotos: invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$host.' and homeserver: '.$homeserver.' and course: '.$cnum);
+        return 'error: '.$queryid;
+    }
+    my $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+    my $tries = 1;
+    while (($reply=~/^timeout/) && ($tries < $maxtries)) {
+        $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+        $tries ++;
+    }
+    if ( ($reply =~/^timeout/) || ($reply =~/^error/) ) {
+        &logthis('institutionalphotos error: '.$reply.' for '.$dom.' '.$env{'user.name'}.' for '.$queryid.' course: '.$cnum.' maxtries: '.$maxtries.' tries: '.$tries);
+    } else {
+        my @responses = split(/:/,$reply);
+        my $outcome = shift(@responses); 
+        foreach my $item (@responses) {
+            my ($key,$value) = split(/=/,$item);
+            $$photo{$key} = $value;
+        }
+        return $outcome;
+    }
+    return 'error';
+}
 
-sub fileembstyle {
-    my $ending=shift;
-    return $fe{$ending};
+sub auto_instcode_format {
+    my ($caller,$codedom,$instcodes,$codes,$codetitles,$cat_titles,$cat_order) = @_;
+    my $courses = '';
+    my $homeserver;
+    if ($caller eq 'global') {
+        foreach my $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
+            if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $codedom) {
+                $homeserver = $tryserver;
+                last;
+            }
+        }
+        if (($env{'user.name'}) && ($env{'user.domain'} eq $codedom)) {
+            $homeserver = &homeserver($env{'user.name'},$codedom);
+        }
+    } else {
+        $homeserver = &homeserver($caller,$codedom);
+    }
+    foreach (keys %{$instcodes}) {
+        $courses .= &escape($_).'='.&escape($$instcodes{$_}).'&';
+    }
+    chop($courses);
+    my $response=&reply('autoinstcodeformat:'.$codedom.':'.$courses,$homeserver);
+    unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+        my ($codes_str,$codetitles_str,$cat_titles_str,$cat_order_str) = split/:/,$response;
+        %{$codes} = &str2hash($codes_str);
+        @{$codetitles} = &str2array($codetitles_str);
+        %{$cat_titles} = &str2hash($cat_titles_str);
+        %{$cat_order} = &str2hash($cat_order_str);
+        return 'ok';
+    }
+    return $response;
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------ Description Text
+# ------------------------------------------------------- Course Group routines
 
-sub filedescription {
-    my $ending=shift;
-    return $fd{$ending};
+sub get_coursegroups {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$group) = @_;
+    return(&dump('coursegroups',$cdom,$cnum,$group));
+}
+
+sub modify_coursegroup {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$groupsettings) = @_;
+    return(&put('coursegroups',$groupsettings,$cdom,$cnum));
+}
+
+sub modify_group_roles {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$group_id,$user,$end,$start,$userprivs) = @_;
+    my $url = '/'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum.'/'.$group_id;
+    my $role = 'gr/'.&escape($userprivs);
+    my ($uname,$udom) = split(/:/,$user);
+    my $result = &assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$end,$start);
+    if ($result eq 'ok') {
+        &devalidate_getgroups_cache($udom,$uname,$cdom,$cnum);
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub modify_coursegroup_membership {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$membership) = @_;
+    my $result = &put('groupmembership',$membership,$cdom,$cnum);
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub get_active_groups {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$cdom,$cnum) = @_;
+    my $now = time;
+    my %groups = ();
+    foreach my $key (keys(%env)) {
+        if ($key =~ m-user\.role\.gr\./([^/]+)/([^/]+)/(\w+)$-) {
+            my ($start,$end) = split(/\./,$env{$key});
+            if (($end!=0) && ($end<$now)) { next; }
+            if (($start!=0) && ($start>$now)) { next; }
+            if ($1 eq $cdom && $2 eq $cnum) {
+                $groups{$3} = $env{$key} ;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %groups;
+}
+
+sub get_group_membership {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$group) = @_;
+    return(&dump('groupmembership',$cdom,$cnum,$group));
+}
+
+sub get_users_groups {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$courseid) = @_;
+    my @usersgroups;
+    my $cachetime=1800;
+    $courseid=~s/\_/\//g;
+    $courseid=~s/^(\w)/\/$1/;
+
+    my $hashid="$udom:$uname:$courseid";
+    my ($grouplist,$cached)=&is_cached_new('getgroups',$hashid);
+    if (defined($cached)) {
+        @usersgroups = split(/:/,$grouplist);
+    } else {  
+        $grouplist = '';
+        my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname,$courseid);
+        my ($tmp) = keys(%roleshash);
+        if ($tmp=~/^error:/) {
+            &logthis('Error retrieving roles: '.$tmp.' for '.$uname.':'.$udom);
+        } else {
+            my $access_end = $env{'course.'.$courseid.
+                                  '.default_enrollment_end_date'};
+            my $now = time;
+            foreach my $key (keys(%roleshash)) {
+                if ($key =~ /^\Q$courseid\E\/(\w+)\_gr$/) {
+                    my $group = $1;
+                    if ($roleshash{$key} =~ /_(\d+)_(\d+)$/) {
+                        my $start = $2;
+                        my $end = $1;
+                        if ($start == -1) { next; } # deleted from group
+                        if (($start!=0) && ($start>$now)) { next; }
+                        if (($end!=0) && ($end<$now)) {
+                            if ($access_end && $access_end < $now) {
+                                if ($access_end - $end < 86400) {
+                                    push(@usersgroups,$group);
+                                }
+                            }
+                            next;
+                        }
+                        push(@usersgroups,$group);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            @usersgroups = &sort_course_groups($courseid,@usersgroups);
+            $grouplist = join(':',@usersgroups);
+            &do_cache_new('getgroups',$hashid,$grouplist,$cachetime);
+        }
+    }
+    return @usersgroups;
+}
+
+sub devalidate_getgroups_cache {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$cdom,$cnum)=@_;
+    my $courseid = $cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+    $courseid=~s/\_/\//g;
+    $courseid=~s/^(\w)/\/$1/;
+    my $hashid="$udom:$uname:$courseid";
+    &devalidate_cache_new('getgroups',$hashid);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ Plain Text
+
+sub plaintext {
+    my ($short,$type,$cid) = @_;
+    if ($short =~ /^cr/) {
+	return (split('/',$short))[-1];
+    }
+    if (!defined($cid)) {
+        $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
+    }
+    if (defined($cid) && defined($env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'})) {
+        return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.
+                                          '.plaintext'});
+    }
+    my %rolenames = (
+                      Course => 'std',
+                      Group => 'alt1',
+                    );
+    if (defined($type) && 
+         defined($rolenames{$type}) && 
+         defined($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$type}})) {
+        return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$type}});
+    } else {
+        return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{'std'});
+    }
 }
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Assign Role
 
 sub assignrole {
-    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$end,$start)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$end,$start,$deleteflag)=@_;
     my $mrole;
     if ($role =~ /^cr\//) {
-	unless (&allowed('ccr',$url)) {
+        my $cwosec=$url;
+        $cwosec=~s/^\/(\w+)\/(\w+)\/.*/$1\/$2/;
+	unless (&allowed('ccr',$cwosec)) {
            &logthis('Refused custom assignrole: '.
              $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.' by '.
-		    $ENV{'user.name'}.' at '.$ENV{'user.domain'});
+		    $env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
            return 'refused'; 
         }
         $mrole='cr';
+    } elsif ($role =~ /^gr\//) {
+        my $cwogrp=$url;
+        $cwogrp=~s/^\/(\w+)\/(\w+)\/.*/$1\/$2/;
+        unless (&allowed('mdg',$cwogrp)) {
+            &logthis('Refused group assignrole: '.
+              $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.' by '.
+                    $env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
+            return 'refused';
+        }
+        $mrole='gr';
     } else {
         my $cwosec=$url;
         $cwosec=~s/^\/(\w+)\/(\w+)\/.*/$1\/$2/;
-        unless (&allowed('c'.$role,$cwosec)) { 
+        unless ((&allowed('c'.$role,$cwosec)) || &allowed('c'.$role,$udom)) { 
            &logthis('Refused assignrole: '.
              $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.' by '.
-		    $ENV{'user.name'}.' at '.$ENV{'user.domain'});
+		    $env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
            return 'refused'; 
         }
         $mrole=$role;
     }
-    my $command="encrypt:rolesput:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:".
+    my $command="encrypt:rolesput:$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
                 "$udom:$uname:$url".'_'."$mrole=$role";
     if ($end) { $command.='_'.$end; }
     if ($start) {
@@ -1247,25 +4179,86 @@ sub assignrole {
            $command.='_0_'.$start;
         }
     }
-    return &reply($command,&homeserver($uname,$udom));
+    my $origstart = $start;
+    my $origend = $end;
+# actually delete
+    if ($deleteflag) {
+	if ((&allowed('dro',$udom)) || (&allowed('dro',$url))) {
+# modify command to delete the role
+           $command="encrypt:rolesdel:$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
+                "$udom:$uname:$url".'_'."$mrole";
+	   &logthis("$env{'user.name'} at $env{'user.domain'} deletes $mrole in $url for $uname at $udom"); 
+# set start and finish to negative values for userrolelog
+           $start=-1;
+           $end=-1;
+        }
+    }
+# send command
+    my $answer=&reply($command,&homeserver($uname,$udom));
+# log new user role if status is ok
+    if ($answer eq 'ok') {
+	&userrolelog($role,$uname,$udom,$url,$start,$end);
+# for course roles, perform group memberships changes triggered by role change.
+        unless ($role =~ /^gr/) {
+            &Apache::longroup::group_changes($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$origend,
+                                             $origstart);
+        }
+    }
+    return $answer;
 }
 
-# --------------------------------------------------------------- Modify a user
+# -------------------------------------------------- Modify user authentication
+# Overrides without validation
 
+sub modifyuserauth {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$umode,$upass)=@_;
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    unless (&allowed('mau',$udom)) { return 'refused'; }
+    &logthis('Call to modify user authentication '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.
+             $umode.' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'}.
+             ' in domain '.$env{'request.role.domain'});  
+    my $reply=&reply('encrypt:changeuserauth:'.$udom.':'.$uname.':'.$umode.':'.
+		     &escape($upass),$uhome);
+    &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},
+        'Authentication changed for '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.$umode.
+         '(Remote '.$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'}.'): '.$reply);
+    &log($udom,,$uname,$uhome,
+        'Authentication changed by '.$env{'user.domain'}.', '.
+                                     $env{'user.name'}.', '.$umode.
+         '(Remote '.$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'}.'): '.$reply);
+    unless ($reply eq 'ok') {
+        &logthis('Authentication mode error: '.$reply);
+	return 'error: '.$reply;
+    }   
+    return 'ok';
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------- Modify a user
 
 sub modifyuser {
-    my ($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene)=@_;
+    my ($udom,    $uname, $uid,
+        $umode,   $upass, $first,
+        $middle,  $last,  $gene,
+        $forceid, $desiredhome, $email)=@_;
+    $udom=~s/\W//g;
+    $uname=~s/\W//g;
     &logthis('Call to modify user '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
              $umode.', '.$first.', '.$middle.', '.
-	     $last.', '.$gene.' by '.
-             $ENV{'user.name'}.' at '.$ENV{'user.domain'});  
-    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+	     $last.', '.$gene.'(forceid: '.$forceid.')'.
+             (defined($desiredhome) ? ' desiredhome = '.$desiredhome :
+                                     ' desiredhome not specified'). 
+             ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'}.
+             ' in domain '.$env{'request.role.domain'});
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Create User
-    if (($uhome eq 'no_host') && ($umode) && ($upass)) {
+    if (($uhome eq 'no_host') && 
+	(($umode && $upass) || ($umode eq 'localauth'))) {
         my $unhome='';
-	if ($ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} eq $udom) {
-	    $unhome=$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
-        } else {
+        if (defined($desiredhome) && $hostdom{$desiredhome} eq $udom) { 
+            $unhome = $desiredhome;
+	} elsif($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} eq $udom) {
+	    $unhome=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
+        } else { # load balancing routine for determining $unhome
             my $tryserver;
             my $loadm=10000000;
             foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
@@ -1279,81 +4272,144 @@ sub modifyuser {
 	    }
         }
         if (($unhome eq '') || ($unhome eq 'no_host')) {
-	    return 'error: find home';
+	    return 'error: unable to find a home server for '.$uname.
+                   ' in domain '.$udom;
         }
         my $reply=&reply('encrypt:makeuser:'.$udom.':'.$uname.':'.$umode.':'.
                          &escape($upass),$unhome);
 	unless ($reply eq 'ok') {
             return 'error: '.$reply;
         }   
-        $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
         if (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host') || ($uhome ne $unhome)) {
-	    return 'error: verify home';
+	    return 'error: unable verify users home machine.';
         }
-    }
+    }   # End of creation of new user
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Add ID
     if ($uid) {
        $uid=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
        my %uidhash=&idrget($udom,$uname);
-       if (($uidhash{$uname}) && ($uidhash{$uname}!~/error\:/)) {
+       if (($uidhash{$uname}) && ($uidhash{$uname}!~/error\:/) 
+         && (!$forceid)) {
 	  unless ($uid eq $uidhash{$uname}) {
-	      return 'error: mismatch '.$uidhash{$uname}.' versus '.$uid;
+	      return 'error: user id "'.$uid.'" does not match '.
+                  'current user id "'.$uidhash{$uname}.'".';
           }
        } else {
 	  &idput($udom,($uname => $uid));
        }
     }
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- Add names, etc
-    my $names=&reply('get:'.$udom.':'.$uname.
-                     ':environment:firstname&middlename&lastname&generation',
-                     $uhome);
-    my ($efirst,$emiddle,$elast,$egene)=split(/\&/,$names);
-    if ($first)  { $efirst  = &escape($first); }
-    if ($middle) { $emiddle = &escape($middle); }
-    if ($last)   { $elast   = &escape($last); }
-    if ($gene)   { $egene   = &escape($gene); }
-    my $reply=&reply('put:'.$udom.':'.$uname.
-           ':environment:firstname='.$efirst.
-                      '&middlename='.$emiddle.
-                        '&lastname='.$elast.
-                      '&generation='.$egene,$uhome);
-    if ($reply ne 'ok') {
-	return 'error: '.$reply;
+    my @tmp=&get('environment',
+		   ['firstname','middlename','lastname','generation'],
+		   $udom,$uname);
+    my %names;
+    if ($tmp[0] =~ m/^error:.*/) { 
+        %names=(); 
+    } else {
+        %names = @tmp;
     }
+#
+# Make sure to not trash student environment if instructor does not bother
+# to supply name and email information
+#
+    if ($first)  { $names{'firstname'}  = $first; }
+    if (defined($middle)) { $names{'middlename'} = $middle; }
+    if ($last)   { $names{'lastname'}   = $last; }
+    if (defined($gene))   { $names{'generation'} = $gene; }
+    if ($email) {
+       $email=~s/[^\w\@\.\-\,]//gs;
+       if ($email=~/\@/) { $names{'notification'} = $email;
+			   $names{'critnotification'} = $email;
+			   $names{'permanentemail'} = $email; }
+    }
+    my $reply = &put('environment', \%names, $udom,$uname);
+    if ($reply ne 'ok') { return 'error: '.$reply; }
+    &devalidate_cache_new('namescache',$uname.':'.$udom);
     &logthis('Success modifying user '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
              $umode.', '.$first.', '.$middle.', '.
 	     $last.', '.$gene.' by '.
-             $ENV{'user.name'}.' at '.$ENV{'user.domain'});
-    return 'ok'; 
+             $env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
+    return 'ok';
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- Modify student
 
 sub modifystudent {
     my ($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,$usec,
-        $end,$start)=@_;
-    my $cid='';
-    unless ($cid=$ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
-	return 'not_in_class';
+        $end,$start,$forceid,$desiredhome,$email,$type,$locktype,$cid)=@_;
+    if (!$cid) {
+	unless ($cid=$env{'request.course.id'}) {
+	    return 'not_in_class';
+	}
     }
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- Make the user
     my $reply=&modifyuser
-	($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene);
+	($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,$forceid,
+         $desiredhome,$email);
     unless ($reply eq 'ok') { return $reply; }
+    # This will cause &modify_student_enrollment to get the uid from the
+    # students environment
+    $uid = undef if (!$forceid);
+    $reply = &modify_student_enrollment($udom,$uname,$uid,$first,$middle,$last,
+					$gene,$usec,$end,$start,$type,$locktype,$cid);
+    return $reply;
+}
+
+sub modify_student_enrollment {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$uid,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,$usec,$end,$start,$type,$locktype,$cid) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$chome);
+    if (!$cid) {
+	unless ($cid=$env{'request.course.id'}) {
+	    return 'not_in_class';
+	}
+	$cdom=$env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+	$cnum=$env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'};
+    } else {
+	($cdom,$cnum)=split(/_/,$cid);
+    }
+    $chome=$env{'course.'.$cid.'.home'};
+    if (!$chome) {
+	$chome=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    }
+    if (!$chome) { return 'unknown_course'; }
+    # Make sure the user exists
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
     if (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) { 
 	return 'error: no such user';
     }
-# -------------------------------------------------- Add student to course list
-    my $reply=critical('put:'.$ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'}.':'.
-	              $ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.num'}.':classlist:'.
-                      &escape($uname.':'.$udom).'='.
-                      &escape($end.':'.$start),
-	              $ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.home'});
+    # Get student data if we were not given enough information
+    if (!defined($first)  || $first  eq '' || 
+        !defined($last)   || $last   eq '' || 
+        !defined($uid)    || $uid    eq '' || 
+        !defined($middle) || $middle eq '' || 
+        !defined($gene)   || $gene   eq '') {
+        # They did not supply us with enough data to enroll the student, so
+        # we need to pick up more information.
+        my %tmp = &get('environment',
+                       ['firstname','middlename','lastname', 'generation','id']
+                       ,$udom,$uname);
+
+        #foreach (keys(%tmp)) {
+        #    &logthis("key $_ = ".$tmp{$_});
+        #}
+        $first  = $tmp{'firstname'}  if (!defined($first)  || $first  eq '');
+        $middle = $tmp{'middlename'} if (!defined($middle) || $middle eq '');
+        $last   = $tmp{'lastname'}   if (!defined($last)   || $last eq '');
+        $gene   = $tmp{'generation'} if (!defined($gene)   || $gene eq '');
+        $uid    = $tmp{'id'}         if (!defined($uid)    || $uid  eq '');
+    }
+    my $fullname = &format_name($first,$middle,$last,$gene,'lastname');
+    my $reply=cput('classlist',
+		   {"$uname:$udom" => 
+			join(':',$end,$start,$uid,$usec,$fullname,$type,$locktype) },
+		   $cdom,$cnum);
     unless (($reply eq 'ok') || ($reply eq 'delayed')) {
 	return 'error: '.$reply;
+    } else {
+	&devalidate_getsection_cache($udom,$uname,$cid);
     }
-# ---------------------------------------------------- Add student role to user
+    # Add student role to user
     my $uurl='/'.$cid;
     $uurl=~s/\_/\//g;
     if ($usec) {
@@ -1362,6 +4418,25 @@ sub modifystudent {
     return &assignrole($udom,$uname,$uurl,'st',$end,$start);
 }
 
+sub format_name {
+    my ($firstname,$middlename,$lastname,$generation,$first)=@_;
+    my $name;
+    if ($first ne 'lastname') {
+	$name=$firstname.' '.$middlename.' '.$lastname.' '.$generation;
+    } else {
+	if ($lastname=~/\S/) {
+	    $name.= $lastname.' '.$generation.', '.$firstname.' '.$middlename;
+	    $name=~s/\s+,/,/;
+	} else {
+	    $name.= $firstname.' '.$middlename.' '.$generation;
+	}
+    }
+    $name=~s/^\s+//;
+    $name=~s/\s+$//;
+    $name=~s/\s+/ /g;
+    return $name;
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------- Write to course preferences
 
 sub writecoursepref {
@@ -1374,9 +4449,9 @@ sub writecoursepref {
 	return 'error: no such course';
     }
     my $cstring='';
-    map {
+    foreach (keys %prefs) {
 	$cstring.=escape($_).'='.escape($prefs{$_}).'&';
-    } keys %prefs;
+    }
     $cstring=~s/\&$//;
     return reply('put:'.$cdomain.':'.$cnum.':environment:'.$cstring,$chome);
 }
@@ -1384,180 +4459,830 @@ sub writecoursepref {
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Make/modify course
 
 sub createcourse {
-    my ($udom,$description,$url)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$description,$url,$course_server,$nonstandard,$inst_code,
+        $course_owner,$crstype)=@_;
     $url=&declutter($url);
     my $cid='';
-    unless (&allowed('ccc',$ENV{'user.domain'})) {
-        return 'refused';
-    }
-    unless ($udom eq $ENV{'user.domain'}) {
+    unless (&allowed('ccc',$udom)) {
         return 'refused';
     }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- Create ID
-   my $uname=substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
+   my $uname=int(1+rand(9)).
+       ('a'..'z','A'..'Z','0'..'9')[int(rand(62))].
+       substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
        unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
 # ----------------------------------------------- Make sure that does not exist
-   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
    unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
        $uname=substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
         unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
-       $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);       
+       $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');       
        unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
            return 'error: unable to generate unique course-ID';
        } 
    }
+# ------------------------------------------------ Check supplied server name
+    $course_server = $env{'user.homeserver'} if (! defined($course_server));
+    if (! exists($libserv{$course_server})) {
+        return 'error:bad server name '.$course_server;
+    }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Make the course
     my $reply=&reply('encrypt:makeuser:'.$udom.':'.$uname.':none::',
-                      $ENV{'user.home'});
+                      $course_server);
     unless ($reply eq 'ok') { return 'error: '.$reply; }
-    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
     if (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) { 
 	return 'error: no such course';
     }
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------- Course made
+# log existence
+    &courseidput($udom,&escape($udom.'_'.$uname).'='.&escape($description).
+                 ':'.&escape($inst_code).':'.&escape($course_owner).':'.
+                  &escape($crstype),$uhome);
+    &flushcourselogs();
+# set toplevel url
+    my $topurl=$url;
+    unless ($nonstandard) {
+# ------------------------------------------ For standard courses, make top url
+        my $mapurl=&clutter($url);
+        if ($mapurl eq '/res/') { $mapurl=''; }
+        $env{'form.initmap'}=(<<ENDINITMAP);
+<map>
+<resource id="1" type="start"></resource>
+<resource id="2" src="$mapurl"></resource>
+<resource id="3" type="finish"></resource>
+<link index="1" from="1" to="2"></link>
+<link index="2" from="2" to="3"></link>
+</map>
+ENDINITMAP
+        $topurl=&declutter(
+        &finishuserfileupload($uname,$udom,'initmap','default.sequence')
+                          );
+    }
+# ----------------------------------------------------------- Write preferences
     &writecoursepref($udom.'_'.$uname,
                      ('description' => $description,
-                      'url'         => $url));
+                      'url'         => $topurl));
     return '/'.$udom.'/'.$uname;
 }
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Assign Custom Role
 
 sub assigncustomrole {
-    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$end,$start)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$end,$start,$deleteflag)=@_;
     return &assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,'cr/'.$rdom.'/'.$rnam.'/'.$rolename,
-                       $end,$start);
+                       $end,$start,$deleteflag);
 }
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Revoke Role
 
 sub revokerole {
-    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$role)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$deleteflag)=@_;
     my $now=time;
-    return &assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$now);
+    return &assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$now,$deleteflag);
 }
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Revoke Custom Role
 
 sub revokecustomrole {
-    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$deleteflag)=@_;
     my $now=time;
-    return &assigncustomrole($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$now);
+    return &assigncustomrole($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$now,
+           $deleteflag);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ Disk usage
+sub diskusage {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$directoryRoot)=@_;
+    $directoryRoot =~ s/\/$//;
+    my $listing=&reply('du:'.$directoryRoot,homeserver($uname,$udom));
+    return $listing;
+}
+
+sub is_locked {
+    my ($file_name, $domain, $user) = @_;
+    my @check;
+    my $is_locked;
+    push @check, $file_name;
+    my %locked = &get('file_permissions',\@check,
+		      $env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'});
+    my ($tmp)=keys(%locked);
+    if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { undef(%locked); }
+    
+    if (ref($locked{$file_name}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        $is_locked = 'false';
+        foreach my $entry (@{$locked{$file_name}}) {
+           if (ref($entry) eq 'ARRAY') { 
+               $is_locked = 'true';
+               last;
+           }
+       }
+    } else {
+        $is_locked = 'false';
+    }
+}
+
+sub declutter_portfile {
+    my ($file) = @_;
+    &logthis("got $file");
+    $file =~ s-^(/portfolio/|portfolio/)-/-;
+    &logthis("ret $file");
+    return $file;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------- Mark as Read Only
+
+sub mark_as_readonly {
+    my ($domain,$user,$files,$what) = @_;
+    my %current_permissions = &dump('file_permissions',$domain,$user);
+    my ($tmp)=keys(%current_permissions);
+    if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { undef(%current_permissions); }
+    foreach my $file (@{$files}) {
+	$file = &declutter_portfile($file);
+        push(@{$current_permissions{$file}},$what);
+    }
+    &put('file_permissions',\%current_permissions,$domain,$user);
+    return;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------Save Selected Files
+
+sub save_selected_files {
+    my ($user, $path, @files) = @_;
+    my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
+    my @other_files = &files_not_in_path($user, $path);
+    open (OUT, '>'.$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename);
+    foreach my $file (@files) {
+        print (OUT $env{'form.currentpath'}.$file."\n");
+    }
+    foreach my $file (@other_files) {
+        print (OUT $file."\n");
+    }
+    close (OUT);
+    return 'ok';
+}
+
+sub clear_selected_files {
+    my ($user) = @_;
+    my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
+    open (OUT, '>'.$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename);
+    print (OUT undef);
+    close (OUT);
+    return ("ok");    
+}
+
+sub files_in_path {
+    my ($user, $path) = @_;
+    my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
+    my %return_files;
+    open (IN, '<'.$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename);
+    while (my $line_in = <IN>) {
+        chomp ($line_in);
+        my @paths_and_file = split (m!/!, $line_in);
+        my $file_part = pop (@paths_and_file);
+        my $path_part = join ('/', @paths_and_file);
+        $path_part.='/';
+        my $path_and_file = $path_part.$file_part;
+        if ($path_part eq $path) {
+            $return_files{$file_part}= 'selected';
+        }
+    }
+    close (IN);
+    return (\%return_files);
+}
+
+# called in portfolio select mode, to show files selected NOT in current directory
+sub files_not_in_path {
+    my ($user, $path) = @_;
+    my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
+    my @return_files;
+    my $path_part;
+    open (IN, '<'.$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename);
+    while (<IN>) {
+        #ok, I know it's clunky, but I want it to work
+        my @paths_and_file = split m!/!, $_;
+        my $file_part = pop (@paths_and_file);
+        chomp ($file_part);
+        my $path_part = join ('/', @paths_and_file);
+        $path_part .= '/';
+        my $path_and_file = $path_part.$file_part;
+        if ($path_part ne $path) {
+            push (@return_files, ($path_and_file));
+        }
+    }
+    close (OUT);
+    return (@return_files);
+}
+
+#----------------------------------------------Get portfolio file permissions
+
+sub get_portfile_permissions {
+    my ($domain,$user) = @_;
+    my %current_permissions = &dump('file_permissions',$domain,$user);
+    my ($tmp)=keys(%current_permissions);
+    if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { undef(%current_permissions); }
+    return \%current_permissions;
+}
+
+#---------------------------------------------Get portfolio file access controls
+
+sub get_access_controls {
+    my ($current_permissions,$group,$file) = @_;
+    my %access; 
+    if (defined($file)) {
+        if (ref($$current_permissions{$file."\0".'accesscontrol'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            foreach my $control (keys(%{$$current_permissions{$file."\0".'accesscontrol'}})) {
+                $access{$file}{$control} = $$current_permissions{$file."\0".$control};
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        foreach my $key (keys(%{$current_permissions})) {
+            if ($key =~ /\0accesscontrol$/) {
+                if (defined($group)) {
+                    if ($key !~ m-^\Q$group\E/-) {
+                        next;
+                    }
+                }
+                my ($fullpath) = split(/\0/,$key);
+                if (ref($$current_permissions{$key}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    foreach my $control (keys(%{$$current_permissions{$key}})) {
+                        $access{$fullpath}{$control}=$$current_permissions{$fullpath."\0".$control};
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %access;
+}
+
+sub modify_access_controls {
+    my ($file_name,$changes,$domain,$user)=@_;
+    my ($outcome,$deloutcome);
+    my %store_permissions;
+    my %new_values;
+    my %new_control;
+    my %translation;
+    my @deletions = ();
+    my $now = time;
+    if (exists($$changes{'activate'})) {
+        if (ref($$changes{'activate'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            my @newitems = sort(keys(%{$$changes{'activate'}}));
+            my $numnew = scalar(@newitems);
+            for (my $i=0; $i<$numnew; $i++) {
+                my $newkey = $newitems[$i];
+                my $newid = &Apache::loncommon::get_cgi_id();
+                $newkey =~ s/^(\d+)/$newid/;
+                $translation{$1} = $newid;
+                $new_values{$file_name."\0".$newkey} = 
+                                          $$changes{'activate'}{$newitems[$i]};
+                $new_control{$newkey} = $now;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    my %todelete;
+    my %changed_items;
+    foreach my $action ('delete','update') {
+        if (exists($$changes{$action})) {
+            if (ref($$changes{$action}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $key (keys(%{$$changes{$action}})) {
+                    my ($itemnum) = ($key =~ /^([^:]+):/);
+                    if ($action eq 'delete') { 
+                        $todelete{$itemnum} = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $changed_items{$itemnum} = $key;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    # get lock on access controls for file.
+    my $lockhash = {
+                  $file_name."\0".'locked_access_records' => $env{'user.name'}.
+                                                       ':'.$env{'user.domain'},
+                   }; 
+    my $tries = 0;
+    my $gotlock = &newput('file_permissions',$lockhash,$domain,$user);
+   
+    while (($gotlock ne 'ok') && $tries <3) {
+        $tries ++;
+        sleep 1;
+        $gotlock = &newput('file_permissions',$lockhash,$domain,$user);
+    }
+    if ($gotlock eq 'ok') {
+        my %curr_permissions = &dump('file_permissions',$domain,$user,$file_name);
+        my ($tmp)=keys(%curr_permissions);
+        if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { undef(%curr_permissions); }
+        if (exists($curr_permissions{$file_name."\0".'accesscontrol'})) {
+            my $curr_controls = $curr_permissions{$file_name."\0".'accesscontrol'};
+            if (ref($curr_controls) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $control_item (keys(%{$curr_controls})) {
+                    my ($itemnum) = ($control_item =~ /^([^:]+):/);
+                    if (defined($todelete{$itemnum})) {
+                        push(@deletions,$file_name."\0".$control_item);
+                    } else {
+                        if (defined($changed_items{$itemnum})) {
+                            $new_control{$changed_items{$itemnum}} = $now;
+                            push(@deletions,$file_name."\0".$control_item);
+                            $new_values{$file_name."\0".$changed_items{$itemnum}} = $$changes{'update'}{$changed_items{$itemnum}};
+                        } else {
+                            $new_control{$control_item} = $$curr_controls{$control_item};
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        $deloutcome = &del('file_permissions',\@deletions,$domain,$user);
+        $new_values{$file_name."\0".'accesscontrol'} = \%new_control;
+        $outcome = &put('file_permissions',\%new_values,$domain,$user);
+        #  remove lock
+        my @del_lock = ($file_name."\0".'locked_access_records');
+        my $dellockoutcome = &del('file_permissions',\@del_lock,$domain,$user);
+    } else {
+        $outcome = "error: could not obtain lockfile\n";  
+    }
+    return ($outcome,$deloutcome,\%new_values,\%translation);
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------Get Marked as Read Only
+
+sub get_marked_as_readonly {
+    my ($domain,$user,$what,$group) = @_;
+    my $current_permissions = &get_portfile_permissions($domain,$user);
+    my @readonly_files;
+    my $cmp1=$what;
+    if (ref($what)) { $cmp1=join('',@{$what}) };
+    while (my ($file_name,$value) = each(%{$current_permissions})) {
+        if (defined($group)) {
+            if ($file_name !~ m-^\Q$group\E/-) {
+                next;
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($value) eq "ARRAY"){
+            foreach my $stored_what (@{$value}) {
+                my $cmp2=$stored_what;
+                if (ref($stored_what) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    $cmp2=join('',@{$stored_what});
+                }
+                if ($cmp1 eq $cmp2) {
+                    push(@readonly_files, $file_name);
+                    last;
+                } elsif (!defined($what)) {
+                    push(@readonly_files, $file_name);
+                    last;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return @readonly_files;
+}
+#-----------------------------------------------------------Get Marked as Read Only Hash
+
+sub get_marked_as_readonly_hash {
+    my ($current_permissions,$group,$what) = @_;
+    my %readonly_files;
+    while (my ($file_name,$value) = each(%{$current_permissions})) {
+        if (defined($group)) {
+            if ($file_name !~ m-^\Q$group\E/-) {
+                next;
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($value) eq "ARRAY"){
+            foreach my $stored_what (@{$value}) {
+                if (ref($stored_what) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    foreach my $lock_descriptor(@{$stored_what}) {
+                        if ($lock_descriptor eq 'graded') {
+                            $readonly_files{$file_name} = 'graded';
+                        } elsif ($lock_descriptor eq 'handback') {
+                            $readonly_files{$file_name} = 'handback';
+                        } else {
+                            if (!exists($readonly_files{$file_name})) {
+                                $readonly_files{$file_name} = 'locked';
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                } 
+            }
+        } 
+    }
+    return %readonly_files;
+}
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ Unmark as Read Only
+
+sub unmark_as_readonly {
+    # unmarks $file_name (if $file_name is defined), or all files locked by $what 
+    # for portfolio submissions, $what contains [$symb,$crsid] 
+    my ($domain,$user,$what,$file_name,$group) = @_;
+    $file_name = &declutter_portfile($file_name);
+    my $symb_crs = $what;
+    if (ref($what)) { $symb_crs=join('',@$what); }
+    my %current_permissions = &dump('file_permissions',$domain,$user,$group);
+    my ($tmp)=keys(%current_permissions);
+    if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { undef(%current_permissions); }
+    my @readonly_files = &get_marked_as_readonly($domain,$user,$what,$group);
+    foreach my $file (@readonly_files) {
+	my $clean_file = &declutter_portfile($file);
+	if (defined($file_name) && ($file_name ne $clean_file)) { next; }
+	my $current_locks = $current_permissions{$file};
+        my @new_locks;
+        my @del_keys;
+        if (ref($current_locks) eq "ARRAY"){
+            foreach my $locker (@{$current_locks}) {
+                my $compare=$locker;
+                if (ref($locker) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    $compare=join('',@{$locker});
+                    if ($compare ne $symb_crs) {
+                        push(@new_locks, $locker);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (scalar(@new_locks) > 0) {
+                $current_permissions{$file} = \@new_locks;
+            } else {
+                push(@del_keys, $file);
+                &del('file_permissions',\@del_keys, $domain, $user);
+                delete($current_permissions{$file});
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    &put('file_permissions',\%current_permissions,$domain,$user);
+    return;
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Directory lister
 
 sub dirlist {
-    my $uri=shift;
+    my ($uri,$userdomain,$username,$alternateDirectoryRoot)=@_;
+
     $uri=~s/^\///;
     $uri=~s/\/$//;
-    my ($res,$udom,$uname,@rest)=split(/\//,$uri);
-    if ($udom) {
-     if ($uname) {
-       my $listing=reply('ls:'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/'.$uri,
-                      homeserver($uname,$udom));
-       return split(/:/,$listing);
-     } else {
-       my $tryserver;
-       my %allusers=();
-       foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
-	  if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $udom) {
-             my $listing=reply('ls:'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.$udom,
-			       $tryserver);
-             if (($listing ne 'no_such_dir') && ($listing ne 'empty')
-              && ($listing ne 'con_lost')) {
-                map {
-                  my ($entry,@stat)=split(/&/,$_);
-                  $allusers{$entry}=1;
-                } split(/:/,$listing);
-             }
-	  }
-       }
-       my $alluserstr='';
-       map {
-           $alluserstr.=$_.'&user:';
-       } sort keys %allusers;
-       $alluserstr=~s/:$//;
-       return split(/:/,$alluserstr);
-     } 
-   } else {
-       my $tryserver;
-       my %alldom=();
-       foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
-	   $alldom{$hostdom{$tryserver}}=1;
-       }
-       my $alldomstr='';
-       map {
-          $alldomstr.=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.$_.'&domain:';
-       } sort keys %alldom;
-       $alldomstr=~s/:$//;
-       return split(/:/,$alldomstr);       
-   }
+    my ($udom, $uname);
+    (undef,$udom,$uname)=split(/\//,$uri);
+    if(defined($userdomain)) {
+        $udom = $userdomain;
+    }
+    if(defined($username)) {
+        $uname = $username;
+    }
+
+    my $dirRoot = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
+    if(defined($alternateDirectoryRoot)) {
+        $dirRoot = $alternateDirectoryRoot;
+        $dirRoot =~ s/\/$//;
+    }
+
+    if($udom) {
+        if($uname) {
+            my $listing=reply('ls2:'.$dirRoot.'/'.$uri,
+                              homeserver($uname,$udom));
+            my @listing_results;
+            if ($listing eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+                $listing=reply('ls:'.$dirRoot.'/'.$uri,
+                               homeserver($uname,$udom));
+                @listing_results = split(/:/,$listing);
+            } else {
+                @listing_results = map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$listing);
+            }
+            return @listing_results;
+        } elsif(!defined($alternateDirectoryRoot)) {
+            my $tryserver;
+            my %allusers=();
+            foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
+                if($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $udom) {
+                    my $listing=reply('ls2:'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.
+                                      $udom, $tryserver);
+                    my @listing_results;
+                    if ($listing eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+                        $listing=reply('ls:'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.
+                                       $udom, $tryserver);
+                        @listing_results = split(/:/,$listing);
+                    } else {
+                        @listing_results =
+                            map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$listing);
+                    }
+                    if ($listing_results[0] ne 'no_such_dir' && 
+                        $listing_results[0] ne 'empty'       &&
+                        $listing_results[0] ne 'con_lost') {
+                        foreach (@listing_results) {
+                            my ($entry,@stat)=split(/&/,$_);
+                            $allusers{$entry}=1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            my $alluserstr='';
+            foreach (sort keys %allusers) {
+                $alluserstr.=$_.'&user:';
+            }
+            $alluserstr=~s/:$//;
+            return split(/:/,$alluserstr);
+        } else {
+            my @emptyResults = ();
+            push(@emptyResults, 'missing user name');
+            return split(':',@emptyResults);
+        }
+    } elsif(!defined($alternateDirectoryRoot)) {
+        my $tryserver;
+        my %alldom=();
+        foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
+            $alldom{$hostdom{$tryserver}}=1;
+        }
+        my $alldomstr='';
+        foreach (sort keys %alldom) {
+            $alldomstr.=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.$_.'/&domain:';
+        }
+        $alldomstr=~s/:$//;
+        return split(/:/,$alldomstr);       
+    } else {
+        my @emptyResults = ();
+        push(@emptyResults, 'missing domain');
+        return split(':',@emptyResults);
+    }
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------- GetFileTimestamp
+# This function utilizes dirlist and returns the date stamp for
+# when it was last modified.  It will also return an error of -1
+# if an error occurs
+
+##
+## FIXME: This subroutine assumes its caller knows something about the
+## directory structure of the home server for the student ($root).
+## Not a good assumption to make.  Since this is for looking up files
+## in user directories, the full path should be constructed by lond, not
+## whatever machine we request data from.
+##
+sub GetFileTimestamp {
+    my ($studentDomain,$studentName,$filename,$root)=@_;
+    $studentDomain=~s/\W//g;
+    $studentName=~s/\W//g;
+    my $subdir=$studentName.'__';
+    $subdir =~ s/(.)(.)(.).*/$1\/$2\/$3/;
+    my $proname="$studentDomain/$subdir/$studentName";
+    $proname .= '/'.$filename;
+    my ($fileStat) = &Apache::lonnet::dirlist($proname, $studentDomain, 
+                                              $studentName, $root);
+    my @stats = split('&', $fileStat);
+    if($stats[0] ne 'empty' && $stats[0] ne 'no_such_dir') {
+        # @stats contains first the filename, then the stat output
+        return $stats[10]; # so this is 10 instead of 9.
+    } else {
+        return -1;
+    }
+}
+
+sub stat_file {
+    my ($uri) = @_;
+    $uri = &clutter($uri);
+
+    # we want just the url part without the unneeded accessor url bits
+    if ($uri =~ m-^/adm/-) {
+	$uri=~s-^/adm/wrapper/-/-;
+	$uri=~s-^/adm/coursedocs/showdoc/-/-;
+    }
+    my ($udom,$uname,$file,$dir);
+    if ($uri =~ m-^/(uploaded|editupload)/-) {
+	($udom,$uname,$file) =
+	    ($uri =~ m-/(?:uploaded|editupload)/?([^/]*)/?([^/]*)/?(.*)-);
+	$file = 'userfiles/'.$file;
+	$dir = &propath($udom,$uname);
+    }
+    if ($uri =~ m-^/res/-) {
+	($udom,$uname) = 
+	    ($uri =~ m-/(?:res)/?([^/]*)/?([^/]*)/-);
+	$file = $uri;
+    }
+
+    if (!$udom || !$uname || !$file) {
+	# unable to handle the uri
+	return ();
+    }
+
+    my ($result) = &dirlist($file,$udom,$uname,$dir);
+    my @stats = split('&', $result);
+    
+    if($stats[0] ne 'empty' && $stats[0] ne 'no_such_dir') {
+	shift(@stats); #filename is first
+	return @stats;
+    }
+    return ();
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------- Value of a Condition
 
+# gets the value of a specific preevaluated condition
+#    stored in the string  $env{user.state.<cid>}
+# or looks up a condition reference in the bighash and if if hasn't
+# already been evaluated recurses into docondval to get the value of
+# the condition, then memoizing it to 
+#   $env{user.state.<cid>.<condition>}
 sub directcondval {
     my $number=shift;
-    if ($ENV{'user.state.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}}) {
-       return substr($ENV{'user.state.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}},$number,1);
+    if (!defined($env{'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}})) {
+	&Apache::lonuserstate::evalstate();
+    }
+    if (exists($env{'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.".$number"})) {
+	return $env{'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.".$number"};
+    } elsif ($number =~ /^_/) {
+	my $sub_condition;
+	if (tie(my %bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+		&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+	    $sub_condition=$bighash{'conditions'.$number};
+	    untie(%bighash);
+	}
+	my $value = &docondval($sub_condition);
+	&appenv('user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.".$number" => $value);
+	return $value;
+    }
+    if ($env{'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}}) {
+       return substr($env{'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}},$number,1);
     } else {
        return 2;
     }
 }
 
+# get the collection of conditions for this resource
 sub condval {
     my $condidx=shift;
-    my $result=0;
     my $allpathcond='';
-    map {
-       if (defined($ENV{'acc.cond.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$_})) {
-	   $allpathcond.=
-               '('.$ENV{'acc.cond.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$_}.')|';
-       }
-    } split(/\|/,$condidx);
+    foreach my $cond (split(/\|/,$condidx)) {
+	if (defined($env{'acc.cond.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$cond})) {
+	    $allpathcond.=
+		'('.$env{'acc.cond.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$cond}.')|';
+	}
+    }
     $allpathcond=~s/\|$//;
-    if ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
-       if ($allpathcond) {
-          my $operand='|';
-	  my @stack;
-          map {
-              if ($_ eq '(') {
-                 push @stack,($operand,$result)
-              } elsif ($_ eq ')') {
-                  my $before=pop @stack;
-		  if (pop @stack eq '&') {
-		      $result=$result>$before?$before:$result;
-                  } else {
-                      $result=$result>$before?$result:$before;
-                  }
-              } elsif (($_ eq '&') || ($_ eq '|')) {
-                  $operand=$_;
-              } else {
-                  my $new=directcondval($_);
-                  if ($operand eq '&') {
-                     $result=$result>$new?$new:$result;
-                  } else {
-                     $result=$result>$new?$result:$new;
-                  }                  
-              }
-          } ($allpathcond=~/(\d+|\(|\)|\&|\|)/g);
-       }
+    return &docondval($allpathcond);
+}
+
+#evaluates an expression of conditions
+sub docondval {
+    my ($allpathcond) = @_;
+    my $result=0;
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'}
+	&& defined($allpathcond)) {
+	my $operand='|';
+	my @stack;
+	foreach my $chunk ($allpathcond=~/(\d+|_\d+\.\d+|\(|\)|\&|\|)/g) {
+	    if ($chunk eq '(') {
+		push @stack,($operand,$result);
+	    } elsif ($chunk eq ')') {
+		my $before=pop @stack;
+		if (pop @stack eq '&') {
+		    $result=$result>$before?$before:$result;
+		} else {
+		    $result=$result>$before?$result:$before;
+		}
+	    } elsif (($chunk eq '&') || ($chunk eq '|')) {
+		$operand=$chunk;
+	    } else {
+		my $new=directcondval($chunk);
+		if ($operand eq '&') {
+		    $result=$result>$new?$new:$result;
+		} else {
+		    $result=$result>$new?$result:$new;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
     }
     return $result;
 }
 
-# --------------------------------------------------------- Value of a Variable
+# ---------------------------------------------------- Devalidate courseresdata
 
+sub devalidatecourseresdata {
+    my ($coursenum,$coursedomain)=@_;
+    my $hashid=$coursenum.':'.$coursedomain;
+    &devalidate_cache_new('courseres',$hashid);
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------- Course Resourcedata Query
+
+sub get_courseresdata {
+    my ($coursenum,$coursedomain)=@_;
+    my $coursehom=&homeserver($coursenum,$coursedomain);
+    my $hashid=$coursenum.':'.$coursedomain;
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('courseres',$hashid);
+    my %dumpreply;
+    unless (defined($cached)) {
+	%dumpreply=&dump('resourcedata',$coursedomain,$coursenum);
+	$result=\%dumpreply;
+	my ($tmp) = keys(%dumpreply);
+	if ($tmp !~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) {
+	    &do_cache_new('courseres',$hashid,$result,600);
+	} elsif ($tmp =~ /^(con_lost|no_such_host)/) {
+	    return $tmp;
+	} elsif ($tmp =~ /^(error)/) {
+	    $result=undef;
+	    &do_cache_new('courseres',$hashid,$result,600);
+	}
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub devalidateuserresdata {
+    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
+    my $hashid="$udom:$uname";
+    &devalidate_cache_new('userres',$hashid);
+}
+
+sub get_userresdata {
+    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
+    #most student don\'t have any data set, check if there is some data
+    if (&EXT_cache_status($udom,$uname)) { return undef; }
+
+    my $hashid="$udom:$uname";
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('userres',$hashid);
+    if (!defined($cached)) {
+	my %resourcedata=&dump('resourcedata',$udom,$uname);
+	$result=\%resourcedata;
+	&do_cache_new('userres',$hashid,$result,600);
+    }
+    my ($tmp)=keys(%$result);
+    if (($tmp!~/^error\:/) && ($tmp!~/^con_lost/)) {
+	return $result;
+    }
+    #error 2 occurs when the .db doesn't exist
+    if ($tmp!~/error: 2 /) {
+	&logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
+		 " Trying to get resource data for ".
+		 $uname." at ".$udom.": ".
+		 $tmp."</font>");
+    } elsif ($tmp=~/error: 2 /) {
+	#&EXT_cache_set($udom,$uname);
+	&do_cache_new('userres',$hashid,undef,600);
+	undef($tmp); # not really an error so don't send it back
+    }
+    return $tmp;
+}
+
+sub resdata {
+    my ($name,$domain,$type,@which)=@_;
+    my $result;
+    if ($type eq 'course') {
+	$result=&get_courseresdata($name,$domain);
+    } elsif ($type eq 'user') {
+	$result=&get_userresdata($name,$domain);
+    }
+    if (!ref($result)) { return $result; }    
+    foreach my $item (@which) {
+	if (defined($result->{$item})) {
+	    return $result->{$item};
+	}
+    }
+    return undef;
+}
+
+#
+# EXT resource caching routines
+#
+
+sub clear_EXT_cache_status {
+    &delenv('cache.EXT.');
+}
+
+sub EXT_cache_status {
+    my ($target_domain,$target_user) = @_;
+    my $cachename = 'cache.EXT.'.$target_user.'.'.$target_domain;
+    if (exists($env{$cachename}) && ($env{$cachename}+600) > time) {
+        # We know already the user has no data
+        return 1;
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+sub EXT_cache_set {
+    my ($target_domain,$target_user) = @_;
+    my $cachename = 'cache.EXT.'.$target_user.'.'.$target_domain;
+    #&appenv($cachename => time);
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------- Value of a Variable
 sub EXT {
-    my $varname=shift;
+
+    my ($varname,$symbparm,$udom,$uname,$usection,$recurse)=@_;
     unless ($varname) { return ''; }
+    #get real user name/domain, courseid and symb
+    my $courseid;
+    my $publicuser;
+    if ($symbparm) {
+	$symbparm=&get_symb_from_alias($symbparm);
+    }
+    if (!($uname && $udom)) {
+      (my $cursymb,$courseid,$udom,$uname,$publicuser)=
+	  &Apache::lonxml::whichuser($symbparm);
+      if (!$symbparm) {	$symbparm=$cursymb; }
+    } else {
+	$courseid=$env{'request.course.id'};
+    }
     my ($realm,$space,$qualifier,@therest)=split(/\./,$varname);
     my $rest;
-    if ($therest[0]) {
+    if (defined($therest[0])) {
        $rest=join('.',@therest);
     } else {
        $rest='';
     }
+
     my $qualifierrest=$qualifier;
     if ($rest) { $qualifierrest.='.'.$rest; }
     my $spacequalifierrest=$space;
@@ -1565,20 +5290,51 @@ sub EXT {
     if ($realm eq 'user') {
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- user.resource
 	if ($space eq 'resource') {
-	    my %restored=&restore;
-            return $restored{$qualifierrest};
+	    if ( (defined($Apache::lonhomework::parsing_a_problem)
+		  || defined($Apache::lonhomework::parsing_a_task))
+		 &&
+		 ($symbparm eq &symbread()) ) {	
+		# if we are in the middle of processing the resource the
+		# get the value we are planning on committing
+                if (defined($Apache::lonhomework::results{$qualifierrest})) {
+                    return $Apache::lonhomework::results{$qualifierrest};
+                } else {
+                    return $Apache::lonhomework::history{$qualifierrest};
+                }
+	    } else {
+		my %restored;
+		if ($publicuser || $env{'request.state'} eq 'construct') {
+		    %restored=&tmprestore($symbparm,$courseid,$udom,$uname);
+		} else {
+		    %restored=&restore($symbparm,$courseid,$udom,$uname);
+		}
+		return $restored{$qualifierrest};
+	    }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- user.access
         } elsif ($space eq 'access') {
+	    # FIXME - not supporting calls for a specific user
             return &allowed($qualifier,$rest);
 # ------------------------------------------ user.preferences, user.environment
         } elsif (($space eq 'preferences') || ($space eq 'environment')) {
-            return $ENV{join('.',('environment',$qualifierrest))};
+	    if (($uname eq $env{'user.name'}) &&
+		($udom eq $env{'user.domain'})) {
+		return $env{join('.',('environment',$qualifierrest))};
+	    } else {
+		my %returnhash;
+		if (!$publicuser) {
+		    %returnhash=&userenvironment($udom,$uname,
+						 $qualifierrest);
+		}
+		return $returnhash{$qualifierrest};
+	    }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- user.course
         } elsif ($space eq 'course') {
-            return $ENV{join('.',('request.course',$qualifier))};
+	    # FIXME - not supporting calls for a specific user
+            return $env{join('.',('request.course',$qualifier))};
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- user.role
         } elsif ($space eq 'role') {
-            my ($role,$where)=split(/\./,$ENV{'request.role'});
+	    # FIXME - not supporting calls for a specific user
+            my ($role,$where)=split(/\./,$env{'request.role'});
             if ($qualifier eq 'value') {
 		return $role;
             } elsif ($qualifier eq 'extent') {
@@ -1586,190 +5342,610 @@ sub EXT {
             }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- user.domain
         } elsif ($space eq 'domain') {
-            return $ENV{'user.domain'};
+            return $udom;
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- user.name
         } elsif ($space eq 'name') {
-            return $ENV{'user.name'};
+            return $uname;
 # ---------------------------------------------------- Any other user namespace
         } else {
-            my $item=($rest)?$qualifier.'.'.$rest:$qualifier;
-            my %reply=&get($space,$item);
-            return $reply{$item};
+	    my %reply;
+	    if (!$publicuser) {
+		%reply=&get($space,[$qualifierrest],$udom,$uname);
+	    }
+	    return $reply{$qualifierrest};
         }
-    } elsif ($realm eq 'request') {
+    } elsif ($realm eq 'query') {
+# ---------------------------------------------- pull stuff out of query string
+        &Apache::loncommon::get_unprocessed_cgi($ENV{'QUERY_STRING'},
+						[$spacequalifierrest]);
+	return $env{'form.'.$spacequalifierrest}; 
+   } elsif ($realm eq 'request') {
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- request.browser
         if ($space eq 'browser') {
-	    return $ENV{'browser.'.$qualifier};
+	    if ($qualifier eq 'textremote') {
+		if (&Apache::lonlocal::mt('textual_remote_display') eq 'on') {
+		    return 1;
+		} else {
+		    return 0;
+		}
+	    } else {
+		return $env{'browser.'.$qualifier};
+	    }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ request.filename
         } else {
-            return $ENV{'request.'.$spacequalifierrest};
+            return $env{'request.'.$spacequalifierrest};
         }
     } elsif ($realm eq 'course') {
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- course.description
-        my $section='';
-        if ($ENV{'request.course.sec'}) {
-	    $section='_'.$ENV{'request.course.sec'};
-        }
-        return $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.$section.'.'.
-                              $spacequalifierrest};
+        return $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.'.$spacequalifierrest};
     } elsif ($realm eq 'resource') {
-      if ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
+
+	if (defined($courseid) && $courseid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) {
+	    if (!$symbparm) { $symbparm=&symbread(); }
+	}
+
+	if ($space eq 'title') {
+	    if (!$symbparm) { $symbparm = $env{'request.filename'}; }
+	    return &gettitle($symbparm);
+	}
+	
+	if ($space eq 'map') {
+	    my ($map) = &decode_symb($symbparm);
+	    return &symbread($map);
+	}
+
+	my ($section, $group, @groups);
+	my ($courselevelm,$courselevel);
+	if ($symbparm && defined($courseid) && 
+	    $courseid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) {
+
+	    #print '<br>'.$space.' - '.$qualifier.' - '.$spacequalifierrest;
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------- Cascading lookup scheme
-       my $symbp=&symbread();
-       my $mapp=(split(/\_\_\_/,$symbp))[0];
+	    my $symbp=$symbparm;
+	    my $mapp=&deversion((&decode_symb($symbp))[0]);
 
-       my $symbparm=$symbp.'.'.$spacequalifierrest;
-       my $mapparm=$mapp.'___(all).'.$spacequalifierrest;
+	    my $symbparm=$symbp.'.'.$spacequalifierrest;
+	    my $mapparm=$mapp.'___(all).'.$spacequalifierrest;
+
+	    if (($env{'user.name'} eq $uname) &&
+		($env{'user.domain'} eq $udom)) {
+		$section=$env{'request.course.sec'};
+                @groups = split(/:/,$env{'request.course.groups'});  
+                @groups=&sort_course_groups($courseid,@groups); 
+	    } else {
+		if (! defined($usection)) {
+		    $section=&getsection($udom,$uname,$courseid);
+		} else {
+		    $section = $usection;
+		}
+                @groups = &get_users_groups($udom,$uname,$courseid);
+	    }
 
-       my $seclevel=
-            $ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.['.
-		$ENV{'request.course.sec'}.'].'.$spacequalifierrest;
-       my $seclevelr=
-            $ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.['.
-		$ENV{'request.course.sec'}.'].'.$symbparm;
-       my $seclevelm=
-            $ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.['.
-		$ENV{'request.course.sec'}.'].'.$mapparm;
-
-       my $courselevel=
-            $ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$spacequalifierrest;
-       my $courselevelr=
-            $ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$symbparm;
-       my $courselevelm=
-            $ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$mapparm;
+	    my $seclevel=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$spacequalifierrest;
+	    my $seclevelr=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$symbparm;
+	    my $seclevelm=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$mapparm;
+
+	    $courselevel=$courseid.'.'.$spacequalifierrest;
+	    my $courselevelr=$courseid.'.'.$symbparm;
+	    $courselevelm=$courseid.'.'.$mapparm;
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------- first, check user
-      my %resourcedata=get('resourcedata',
-                           ($courselevelr,$courselevelm,$courselevel));
-      if (($resourcedata{$courselevelr}!~/^error\:/) &&
-          ($resourcedata{$courselevelr}!~/^con_lost/)) {
-
-       if ($resourcedata{$courselevelr}) { 
-          return $resourcedata{$courselevelr}; }
-       if ($resourcedata{$courselevelm}) { 
-          return $resourcedata{$courselevelm}; }
-       if ($resourcedata{$courselevel}) { return $resourcedata{$courselevel}; }
 
-      } else {
-	  if ($resourcedata{$courselevelr}!~/No such file/) {
-	    &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING:".
-		   " Trying to get resource data for ".$ENV{'user.name'}." at "
-                   .$ENV{'user.domain'}.": ".$resourcedata{$courselevelr}.
-                 "</font>");
-	  }
-      }
+	    my $userreply=&resdata($uname,$udom,'user',
+				       ($courselevelr,$courselevelm,
+					$courselevel));
+	    if (defined($userreply)) { return $userreply; }
+
+# ------------------------------------------------ second, check some of course
+            my $coursereply;
+            if (@groups > 0) {
+                $coursereply = &check_group_parms($courseid,\@groups,$symbparm,
+                                       $mapparm,$spacequalifierrest);
+                if (defined($coursereply)) { return $coursereply; }
+            }
 
-# -------------------------------------------------------- second, check course
+	    $coursereply=&resdata($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
+				     $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
+				     'course',
+				     ($seclevelr,$seclevelm,$seclevel,
+				      $courselevelr));
+	    if (defined($coursereply)) { return $coursereply; }
 
-        my $reply=&reply('get:'.
-              $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'}.':'.
-              $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.num'}.
-	      ':resourcedata:'.
-   &escape($seclevelr).'&'.&escape($seclevelm).'&'.&escape($seclevel).'&'.
-   &escape($courselevelr).'&'.&escape($courselevelm).'&'.&escape($courselevel),
-		   $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.home'});
-      if ($reply!~/^error\:/) {
-	  map {
-	      if ($_) { return &unescape($_); }
-          } split(/\&/,$reply);
-      }
-      if (($reply=~/^con_lost/) || ($reply=~/^error\:/)) {
-	  &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING:".
-                " Getting ".$reply." asking for ".$varname." for ".
-                $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.num'}.
-                ' at '.
-                $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'}.
-                ' from '.
-                $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.home'}.
-                 "</font>");
-      }
 # ------------------------------------------------------ third, check map parms
-       my %parmhash=();
-       my $thisparm='';       
-       if (tie(%parmhash,'GDBM_File',
-          $ENV{'request.course.fn'}.'_parms.db',&GDBM_READER,0640)) {
-           $thisparm=$parmhash{$symbparm};
-	   untie(%parmhash);
-       }
-       if ($thisparm) { return $thisparm; }
-     }
-     
-# --------------------------------------------- last, look in resource metadata
+	    my %parmhash=();
+	    my $thisparm='';
+	    if (tie(%parmhash,'GDBM_File',
+		    $env{'request.course.fn'}.'_parms.db',
+		    &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+		$thisparm=$parmhash{$symbparm};
+		untie(%parmhash);
+	    }
+	    if ($thisparm) { return $thisparm; }
+	}
+# ------------------------------------------ fourth, look in resource metadata
 
-      $spacequalifierrest=~s/\./\_/;
-      my $metadata=&metadata($ENV{'request.filename'},$spacequalifierrest);
-      if ($metadata) { return $metadata; }
-      $metadata=&metadata($ENV{'request.filename'},
-                                         'parameter_'.$spacequalifierrest);
-      if ($metadata) { return $metadata; }
+	$spacequalifierrest=~s/\./\_/;
+	my $filename;
+	if (!$symbparm) { $symbparm=&symbread(); }
+	if ($symbparm) {
+	    $filename=(&decode_symb($symbparm))[2];
+	} else {
+	    $filename=$env{'request.filename'};
+	}
+	my $metadata=&metadata($filename,$spacequalifierrest);
+	if (defined($metadata)) { return $metadata; }
+	$metadata=&metadata($filename,'parameter_'.$spacequalifierrest);
+	if (defined($metadata)) { return $metadata; }
+
+# ---------------------------------------------- fourth, look in rest pf course
+	if ($symbparm && defined($courseid) && 
+	    $courseid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) {
+	    my $coursereply=&resdata($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
+				     $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
+				     'course',
+				     ($courselevelm,$courselevel));
+	    if (defined($coursereply)) { return $coursereply; }
+	}
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ Cascade up
+	unless ($space eq '0') {
+	    my @parts=split(/_/,$space);
+	    my $id=pop(@parts);
+	    my $part=join('_',@parts);
+	    if ($part eq '') { $part='0'; }
+	    my $partgeneral=&EXT('resource.'.$part.'.'.$qualifierrest,
+				 $symbparm,$udom,$uname,$section,1);
+	    if (defined($partgeneral)) { return $partgeneral; }
+	}
+	if ($recurse) { return undef; }
+	my $pack_def=&packages_tab_default($filename,$varname);
+	if (defined($pack_def)) { return $pack_def; }
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------- Any other user namespace
     } elsif ($realm eq 'environment') {
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- environment
-        return $ENV{$spacequalifierrest};
+	if (($uname eq $env{'user.name'})&&($udom eq $env{'user.domain'})) {
+	    return $env{'environment.'.$spacequalifierrest};
+	} else {
+	    my %returnhash=&userenvironment($udom,$uname,
+					    $spacequalifierrest);
+	    return $returnhash{$spacequalifierrest};
+	}
     } elsif ($realm eq 'system') {
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- system.time
 	if ($space eq 'time') {
 	    return time;
         }
+    } elsif ($realm eq 'server') {
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------- system.time
+	if ($space eq 'name') {
+	    return $ENV{'SERVER_NAME'};
+        }
     }
     return '';
 }
 
+sub check_group_parms {
+    my ($courseid,$groups,$symbparm,$mapparm,$what) = @_;
+    my @groupitems = ();
+    my $resultitem;
+    my @levels = ($symbparm,$mapparm,$what);
+    foreach my $group (@{$groups}) {
+        foreach my $level (@levels) {
+             my $item = $courseid.'.['.$group.'].'.$level;
+             push(@groupitems,$item);
+        }
+    }
+    my $coursereply = &resdata($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
+                            $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
+                                     'course',@groupitems);
+    return $coursereply;
+}
+
+sub sort_course_groups { # Sort groups based on defined rankings. Default is sort().
+    my ($courseid,@groups) = @_;
+    @groups = sort(@groups);
+    return @groups;
+}
+
+sub packages_tab_default {
+    my ($uri,$varname)=@_;
+    my (undef,$part,$name)=split(/\./,$varname);
+
+    my (@extension,@specifics,$do_default);
+    foreach my $package (split(/,/,&metadata($uri,'packages'))) {
+	my ($pack_type,$pack_part)=split(/_/,$package,2);
+	if ($pack_type eq 'default') {
+	    $do_default=1;
+	} elsif ($pack_type eq 'extension') {
+	    push(@extension,[$package,$pack_type,$pack_part]);
+	} else {
+	    push(@specifics,[$package,$pack_type,$pack_part]);
+	}
+    }
+    # first look for a package that matches the requested part id
+    foreach my $package (@specifics) {
+	my (undef,$pack_type,$pack_part)=@{$package};
+	next if ($pack_part ne $part);
+	if (defined($packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"})) {
+	    return $packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"};
+	}
+    }
+    # look for any possible matching non extension_ package
+    foreach my $package (@specifics) {
+	my (undef,$pack_type,$pack_part)=@{$package};
+	if (defined($packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"})) {
+	    return $packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"};
+	}
+	if ($pack_type eq 'part') { $pack_part='0'; }
+	if (defined($packagetab{$pack_type."_".$pack_part."&$name&default"})) {
+	    return $packagetab{$pack_type."_".$pack_part."&$name&default"};
+	}
+    }
+    # look for any posible extension_ match
+    foreach my $package (@extension) {
+	my ($package,$pack_type)=@{$package};
+	if (defined($packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"})) {
+	    return $packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"};
+	}
+	if (defined($packagetab{$package."&$name&default"})) {
+	    return $packagetab{$package."&$name&default"};
+	}
+    }
+    # look for a global default setting
+    if ($do_default && defined($packagetab{"default&$name&default"})) {
+	return $packagetab{"default&$name&default"};
+    }
+    return undef;
+}
+
+sub add_prefix_and_part {
+    my ($prefix,$part)=@_;
+    my $keyroot;
+    if (defined($prefix) && $prefix !~ /^__/) {
+	# prefix that has a part already
+	$keyroot=$prefix;
+    } elsif (defined($prefix)) {
+	# prefix that is missing a part
+	if (defined($part)) { $keyroot='_'.$part.substr($prefix,1); }
+    } else {
+	# no prefix at all
+	if (defined($part)) { $keyroot='_'.$part; }
+    }
+    return $keyroot;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------- Get metadata
 
+my %metaentry;
 sub metadata {
-    my ($uri,$what)=@_;
-
+    my ($uri,$what,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount)=@_;
     $uri=&declutter($uri);
+    # if it is a non metadata possible uri return quickly
+    if (($uri eq '') || 
+	(($uri =~ m|^/*adm/|) && 
+	     ($uri !~ m|^adm/includes|) && ($uri !~ m|/bulletinboard$|)) ||
+        ($uri =~ m|/$|) || ($uri =~ m|/.meta$|) || ($uri =~ /^~/) ||
+	($uri =~ m|home/[^/]+/public_html/|)) {
+	return undef;
+    }
     my $filename=$uri;
     $uri=~s/\.meta$//;
-    unless ($metacache{$uri.':keys'}) {
+#
+# Is the metadata already cached?
+# Look at timestamp of caching
+# Everything is cached by the main uri, libraries are never directly cached
+#
+    if (!defined($liburi)) {
+	my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('meta',$uri);
+	if (defined($cached)) { return $result->{':'.$what}; }
+    }
+    {
+#
+# Is this a recursive call for a library?
+#
+#	if (! exists($metacache{$uri})) {
+#	    $metacache{$uri}={};
+#	}
+        if ($liburi) {
+	    $liburi=&declutter($liburi);
+            $filename=$liburi;
+        } else {
+	    &devalidate_cache_new('meta',$uri);
+	    undef(%metaentry);
+	}
+        my %metathesekeys=();
         unless ($filename=~/\.meta$/) { $filename.='.meta'; }
-	my $metastring=&getfile($perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.$filename);
-        my $parser=HTML::TokeParser->new(\$metastring);
+	my $metastring;
+	if ($uri !~ m -^(uploaded|editupload)/-) {
+	    my $file=&filelocation('',&clutter($filename));
+	    #push(@{$metaentry{$uri.'.file'}},$file);
+	    $metastring=&getfile($file);
+	}
+        my $parser=HTML::LCParser->new(\$metastring);
         my $token;
+        undef %metathesekeys;
         while ($token=$parser->get_token) {
-           if ($token->[0] eq 'S') {
-	      my $entry=$token->[1];
-              my $unikey=$entry;
-              if (defined($token->[2]->{'part'})) { 
-                 $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'part'}; 
-	      }
-              if (defined($token->[2]->{'name'})) { 
-                 $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'name'}; 
-	      }
-              if ($metacache{$uri.':keys'}) {
-                 $metacache{$uri.':keys'}.=','.$unikey;
-              } else {
-                 $metacache{$uri.':keys'}=$unikey;
-	      }
-              map {
-		  $metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey.'.'.$_}=$token->[2]->{$_};
-              } @{$token->[3]};
-              unless (
-                 $metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey}=$parser->get_text('/'.$entry)
-		      ) { $metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey}=
-			      $metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey.'.default'};
-		      }
-          }
-       }
+	    if ($token->[0] eq 'S') {
+		if (defined($token->[2]->{'package'})) {
+#
+# This is a package - get package info
+#
+		    my $package=$token->[2]->{'package'};
+		    my $keyroot=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
+		    if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) { 
+			$keyroot.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'}; 
+		    }
+		    if ($metaentry{':packages'}) {
+			$metaentry{':packages'}.=','.$package.$keyroot;
+		    } else {
+			$metaentry{':packages'}=$package.$keyroot;
+		    }
+		    foreach my $pack_entry (keys(%packagetab)) {
+			my $part=$keyroot;
+			$part=~s/^\_//;
+			if ($pack_entry=~/^\Q$package\E\&/ || 
+			    $pack_entry=~/^\Q$package\E_0\&/) {
+			    my ($pack,$name,$subp)=split(/\&/,$pack_entry);
+			    # ignore package.tab specified default values
+                            # here &package_tab_default() will fetch those
+			    if ($subp eq 'default') { next; }
+			    my $value=$packagetab{$pack_entry};
+			    my $unikey;
+			    if ($pack =~ /_0$/) {
+				$unikey='parameter_0_'.$name;
+				$part=0;
+			    } else {
+				$unikey='parameter'.$keyroot.'_'.$name;
+			    }
+			    if ($subp eq 'display') {
+				$value.=' [Part: '.$part.']';
+			    }
+			    $metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.part'}=$part;
+			    $metathesekeys{$unikey}=1;
+			    unless (defined($metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.'.$subp})) {
+				$metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.'.$subp}=$value;
+			    }
+			    if (defined($metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.default'})) {
+				$metaentry{':'.$unikey}=
+				    $metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.default'};
+			    }
+			}
+		    }
+		} else {
+#
+# This is not a package - some other kind of start tag
+#
+		    my $entry=$token->[1];
+		    my $unikey;
+		    if ($entry eq 'import') {
+			$unikey='';
+		    } else {
+			$unikey=$entry;
+		    }
+		    $unikey.=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
+
+		    if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) { 
+			$unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'}; 
+		    }
+
+		    if ($entry eq 'import') {
+#
+# Importing a library here
+#
+			if ($depthcount<20) {
+			    my $location=$parser->get_text('/import');
+			    my $dir=$filename;
+			    $dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
+			    $location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
+			    my $metadata = 
+				&metadata($uri,'keys', $location,$unikey,
+					  $depthcount+1);
+			    foreach my $meta (split(',',$metadata)) {
+				$metaentry{':'.$meta}=$metaentry{':'.$meta};
+				$metathesekeys{$meta}=1;
+			    }
+			}
+		    } else { 
+			
+			if (defined($token->[2]->{'name'})) { 
+			    $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'name'}; 
+			}
+			$metathesekeys{$unikey}=1;
+			foreach my $param (@{$token->[3]}) {
+			    $metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.'.$param} =
+				$token->[2]->{$param};
+			}
+			my $internaltext=&HTML::Entities::decode($parser->get_text('/'.$entry));
+			my $default=$metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.default'};
+			if ( $internaltext =~ /^\s*$/ && $default !~ /^\s*$/) {
+		 # only ws inside the tag, and not in default, so use default
+		 # as value
+			    $metaentry{':'.$unikey}=$default;
+			} else {
+		  # either something interesting inside the tag or default
+                  # uninteresting
+			    $metaentry{':'.$unikey}=$internaltext;
+			}
+# end of not-a-package not-a-library import
+		    }
+# end of not-a-package start tag
+		}
+# the next is the end of "start tag"
+	    }
+	}
+	my ($extension) = ($uri =~ /\.(\w+)$/);
+	foreach my $key (keys(%packagetab)) {
+	    #no specific packages #how's our extension
+	    if ($key!~/^extension_\Q$extension\E&/) { next; }
+	    &metadata_create_package_def($uri,$key,'extension_'.$extension,
+					 \%metathesekeys);
+	}
+	if (!exists($metaentry{':packages'})) {
+	    foreach my $key (keys(%packagetab)) {
+		#no specific packages well let's get default then
+		if ($key!~/^default&/) { next; }
+		&metadata_create_package_def($uri,$key,'default',
+					     \%metathesekeys);
+	    }
+	}
+# are there custom rights to evaluate
+	if ($metaentry{':copyright'} eq 'custom') {
+
+    #
+    # Importing a rights file here
+    #
+	    unless ($depthcount) {
+		my $location=$metaentry{':customdistributionfile'};
+		my $dir=$filename;
+		$dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
+		$location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
+		my $rights_metadata =
+		    &metadata($uri,'keys',$location,'_rights',
+			      $depthcount+1);
+		foreach my $rights (split(',',$rights_metadata)) {
+		    #$metaentry{':'.$rights}=$metacache{$uri}->{':'.$rights};
+		    $metathesekeys{$rights}=1;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	# uniqifiy package listing
+	my %seen;
+	my @uniq_packages =
+	    grep { ! $seen{$_} ++ } (split(',',$metaentry{':packages'}));
+	$metaentry{':packages'} = join(',',@uniq_packages);
+
+	$metaentry{':keys'} = join(',',keys(%metathesekeys));
+	&metadata_generate_part0(\%metathesekeys,\%metaentry,$uri);
+	$metaentry{':allpossiblekeys'}=join(',',keys %metathesekeys);
+	&do_cache_new('meta',$uri,\%metaentry,60*60);
+# this is the end of "was not already recently cached
+    }
+    return $metaentry{':'.$what};
+}
+
+sub metadata_create_package_def {
+    my ($uri,$key,$package,$metathesekeys)=@_;
+    my ($pack,$name,$subp)=split(/\&/,$key);
+    if ($subp eq 'default') { next; }
+    
+    if (defined($metaentry{':packages'})) {
+	$metaentry{':packages'}.=','.$package;
+    } else {
+	$metaentry{':packages'}=$package;
+    }
+    my $value=$packagetab{$key};
+    my $unikey;
+    $unikey='parameter_0_'.$name;
+    $metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.part'}=0;
+    $$metathesekeys{$unikey}=1;
+    unless (defined($metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.'.$subp})) {
+	$metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.'.$subp}=$value;
+    }
+    if (defined($metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.default'})) {
+	$metaentry{':'.$unikey}=
+	    $metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.default'};
     }
-    return $metacache{$uri.':'.$what};
 }
 
+sub metadata_generate_part0 {
+    my ($metadata,$metacache,$uri) = @_;
+    my %allnames;
+    foreach my $metakey (keys(%$metadata)) {
+	if ($metakey=~/^parameter\_(.*)/) {
+	  my $part=$$metacache{':'.$metakey.'.part'};
+	  my $name=$$metacache{':'.$metakey.'.name'};
+	  if (! exists($$metadata{'parameter_0_'.$name.'.name'})) {
+	    $allnames{$name}=$part;
+	  }
+	}
+    }
+    foreach my $name (keys(%allnames)) {
+      $$metadata{"parameter_0_$name"}=1;
+      my $key=":parameter_0_$name";
+      $$metacache{"$key.part"}='0';
+      $$metacache{"$key.name"}=$name;
+      $$metacache{"$key.type"}=$$metacache{':parameter_'.
+					   $allnames{$name}.'_'.$name.
+					   '.type'};
+      my $olddis=$$metacache{':parameter_'.$allnames{$name}.'_'.$name.
+			     '.display'};
+      my $expr='[Part: '.$allnames{$name}.']';
+      $olddis=~s/\Q$expr\E/\[Part: 0\]/;
+      $$metacache{"$key.display"}=$olddis;
+    }
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------- Get the title of a resource
+
+sub gettitle {
+    my $urlsymb=shift;
+    my $symb=&symbread($urlsymb);
+    if ($symb) {
+	my $key=$env{'request.course.id'}."\0".$symb;
+	my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('title',$key);
+	if (defined($cached)) { 
+	    return $result;
+	}
+	my ($map,$resid,$url)=&decode_symb($symb);
+	my $title='';
+	my %bighash;
+	if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+		&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+	    my $mapid=$bighash{'map_pc_'.&clutter($map)};
+	    $title=$bighash{'title_'.$mapid.'.'.$resid};
+	    untie %bighash;
+	}
+	$title=~s/\&colon\;/\:/gs;
+	if ($title) {
+	    return &do_cache_new('title',$key,$title,600);
+	}
+	$urlsymb=$url;
+    }
+    my $title=&metadata($urlsymb,'title');
+    if (!$title) { $title=(split('/',$urlsymb))[-1]; }    
+    return $title;
+}
+
+sub get_slot {
+    my ($which,$cnum,$cdom)=@_;
+    if (!$cnum || !$cdom) {
+	(undef,my $courseid)=&Apache::lonxml::whichuser();
+	$cdom=$env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'};
+	$cnum=$env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'};
+    }
+    my $key=join("\0",'slots',$cdom,$cnum,$which);
+    my %slotinfo;
+    if (exists($remembered{$key})) {
+	$slotinfo{$which} = $remembered{$key};
+    } else {
+	%slotinfo=&get('slots',[$which],$cdom,$cnum);
+	&Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%slotinfo);
+	my ($tmp)=keys(%slotinfo);
+	if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { return (); }
+	$remembered{$key} = $slotinfo{$which};
+    }
+    if (ref($slotinfo{$which}) eq 'HASH') {
+	return %{$slotinfo{$which}};
+    }
+    return $slotinfo{$which};
+}
 # ------------------------------------------------- Update symbolic store links
 
 sub symblist {
     my ($mapname,%newhash)=@_;
-    $mapname=declutter($mapname);
+    $mapname=&deversion(&declutter($mapname));
     my %hash;
-    if (($ENV{'request.course.fn'}) && (%newhash)) {
-        if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$ENV{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
-                      &GDBM_WRCREAT,0640)) {
-	    map {
-                $hash{declutter($_)}=$mapname.'___'.$newhash{$_};
-            } keys %newhash;
+    if (($env{'request.course.fn'}) && (%newhash)) {
+        if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
+                      &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
+	    foreach my $url (keys %newhash) {
+		next if ($url eq 'last_known'
+			 && $env{'form.no_update_last_known'});
+		$hash{declutter($url)}=&encode_symb($mapname,
+						    $newhash{$url}->[1],
+						    $newhash{$url}->[0]);
+            }
             if (untie(%hash)) {
 		return 'ok';
             }
@@ -1778,74 +5954,211 @@ sub symblist {
     return 'error';
 }
 
+# --------------------------------------------------------------- Verify a symb
+
+sub symbverify {
+    my ($symb,$thisurl)=@_;
+    my $thisfn=$thisurl;
+# wrapper not part of symbs
+    $thisfn=~s/^\/adm\/wrapper//;
+    $thisfn=~s/^\/adm\/coursedocs\/showdoc\///;
+    $thisfn=&declutter($thisfn);
+# direct jump to resource in page or to a sequence - will construct own symbs
+    if ($thisfn=~/\.(page|sequence)$/) { return 1; }
+# check URL part
+    my ($map,$resid,$url)=&decode_symb($symb);
+
+    unless ($url eq $thisfn) { return 0; }
+
+    $symb=&symbclean($symb);
+    $thisurl=&deversion($thisurl);
+    $thisfn=&deversion($thisfn);
+
+    my %bighash;
+    my $okay=0;
+
+    if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+                            &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+        my $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.&clutter($thisurl)};
+        unless ($ids) { 
+           $ids=$bighash{'ids_/'.$thisurl};
+        }
+        if ($ids) {
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------- Has ID(s)
+	    foreach (split(/\,/,$ids)) {
+	       my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$_);
+               if (
+  &symbclean(&declutter($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid}).'___'.$resid.'___'.$thisfn)
+   eq $symb) { 
+		   if (($env{'request.role.adv'}) ||
+		       $bighash{'encrypted_'.$_} eq $env{'request.enc'}) {
+		       $okay=1; 
+		   }
+	       }
+	   }
+        }
+	untie(%bighash);
+    }
+    return $okay;
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------- Clean-up symb
+
+sub symbclean {
+    my $symb=shift;
+    if ($symb=~m|^/enc/|) { $symb=&Apache::lonenc::unencrypted($symb); }
+# remove version from map
+    $symb=~s/\.(\d+)\.(\w+)\_\_\_/\.$2\_\_\_/;
+
+# remove version from URL
+    $symb=~s/\.(\d+)\.(\w+)$/\.$2/;
+
+# remove wrapper
+
+    $symb=~s/(\_\_\_\d+\_\_\_)adm\/wrapper\/(res\/)*/$1/;
+    $symb=~s/(\_\_\_\d+\_\_\_)adm\/coursedocs\/showdoc\/(res\/)*/$1/;
+    return $symb;
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------- Split symb to find map and url
+
+sub encode_symb {
+    my ($map,$resid,$url)=@_;
+    return &symbclean(&declutter($map).'___'.$resid.'___'.&declutter($url));
+}
+
+sub decode_symb {
+    my $symb=shift;
+    if ($symb=~m|^/enc/|) { $symb=&Apache::lonenc::unencrypted($symb); }
+    my ($map,$resid,$url)=split(/___/,$symb);
+    return (&fixversion($map),$resid,&fixversion($url));
+}
+
+sub fixversion {
+    my $fn=shift;
+    if ($fn=~/^(adm|uploaded|editupload|public)/) { return $fn; }
+    my %bighash;
+    my $uri=&clutter($fn);
+    my $key=$env{'request.course.id'}.'_'.$uri;
+# is this cached?
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('courseresversion',$key);
+    if (defined($cached)) { return $result; }
+# unfortunately not cached, or expired
+    if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+	    &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+ 	if ($bighash{'version_'.$uri}) {
+ 	    my $version=$bighash{'version_'.$uri};
+ 	    unless (($version eq 'mostrecent') || 
+		    ($version==&getversion($uri))) {
+ 		$uri=~s/\.(\w+)$/\.$version\.$1/;
+ 	    }
+ 	}
+ 	untie %bighash;
+    }
+    return &do_cache_new('courseresversion',$key,&declutter($uri),600);
+}
+
+sub deversion {
+    my $url=shift;
+    $url=~s/\.\d+\.(\w+)$/\.$1/;
+    return $url;
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------ Return symb list entry
 
 sub symbread {
-    my $thisfn=shift;
+    my ($thisfn,$donotrecurse)=@_;
+    my $cache_str='request.symbread.cached.'.$thisfn;
+    if (defined($env{$cache_str})) { return $env{$cache_str}; }
+# no filename provided? try from environment
     unless ($thisfn) {
-	$thisfn=$ENV{'request.filename'};
+        if ($env{'request.symb'}) {
+	    return $env{$cache_str}=&symbclean($env{'request.symb'});
+	}
+	$thisfn=$env{'request.filename'};
+    }
+    if ($thisfn=~m|^/enc/|) { $thisfn=&Apache::lonenc::unencrypted($thisfn); }
+# is that filename actually a symb? Verify, clean, and return
+    if ($thisfn=~/\_\_\_\d+\_\_\_(.*)$/) {
+	if (&symbverify($thisfn,$1)) {
+	    return $env{$cache_str}=&symbclean($thisfn);
+	}
     }
     $thisfn=declutter($thisfn);
     my %hash;
     my %bighash;
     my $syval='';
-    if (($ENV{'request.course.fn'}) && ($thisfn)) {
-        if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$ENV{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
-                      &GDBM_READER,0640)) {
-	    $syval=$hash{$thisfn};
+    if (($env{'request.course.fn'}) && ($thisfn)) {
+        my $targetfn = $thisfn;
+        if ( ($thisfn =~ m/^(uploaded|editupload)\//) && ($thisfn !~ m/\.(page|sequence)$/) ) {
+            $targetfn = 'adm/wrapper/'.$thisfn;
+        }
+	if ($targetfn =~ m|^adm/wrapper/(ext/.*)|) {
+	    $targetfn=$1;
+	}
+        if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
+                      &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+	    $syval=$hash{$targetfn};
             untie(%hash);
         }
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- There was an entry
         if ($syval) {
-           unless ($syval=~/\_\d+$/) {
-	       unless ($ENV{'form.request.prefix'}=~/\.(\d+)\_$/) {
-                  &appenv('request.ambiguous' => $thisfn);
-                  return '';
-               }    
-               $syval.=$1;
-	   }
+	    #unless ($syval=~/\_\d+$/) {
+		#unless ($env{'form.request.prefix'}=~/\.(\d+)\_$/) {
+		    #&appenv('request.ambiguous' => $thisfn);
+		    #return $env{$cache_str}='';
+		#}    
+		#$syval.=$1;
+	    #}
         } else {
 # ------------------------------------------------------- Was not in symb table
-           if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$ENV{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
-                            &GDBM_READER,0640)) {
+           if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+                            &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
 # ---------------------------------------------- Get ID(s) for current resource
-              my $ids=$bighash{'ids_/res/'.$thisfn};
+              my $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.&clutter($thisfn)};
               unless ($ids) { 
                  $ids=$bighash{'ids_/'.$thisfn};
               }
+              unless ($ids) {
+# alias?
+		  $ids=$bighash{'mapalias_'.$thisfn};
+              }
               if ($ids) {
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- Has ID(s)
                  my @possibilities=split(/\,/,$ids);
                  if ($#possibilities==0) {
 # ----------------------------------------------- There is only one possibility
 		     my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$ids);
-                     $syval=declutter($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid}).'___'.$resid;
-                 } else {
+		     $syval=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
+						    $resid,$thisfn);
+                 } elsif (!$donotrecurse) {
 # ------------------------------------------ There is more than one possibility
                      my $realpossible=0;
-                     map {
+                     foreach (@possibilities) {
 			 my $file=$bighash{'src_'.$_};
                          if (&allowed('bre',$file)) {
          		    my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$_);
                             if ($bighash{'map_type_'.$mapid} ne 'page') {
 				$realpossible++;
-                                $syval=declutter($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid}).
-                                       '___'.$resid;
+                                $syval=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
+						    $resid,$thisfn);
                             }
 			 }
-                     } @possibilities;
+                     }
 		     if ($realpossible!=1) { $syval=''; }
+                 } else {
+                     $syval='';
                  }
 	      }
               untie(%bighash)
-           } 
+           }
         }
         if ($syval) {
-           return $syval.'___'.$thisfn; 
+	    return $env{$cache_str}=$syval;
         }
     }
     &appenv('request.ambiguous' => $thisfn);
-    return '';
+    return $env{$cache_str}='';
 }
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Return random seed
@@ -1859,199 +6172,1946 @@ sub numval {
     $txt=~tr/U-Z/0-5/;
     $txt=~tr/u-z/0-5/;
     $txt=~s/\D//g;
+    if ($_64bit) { if ($txt > 2**32) { return -1; } }
     return int($txt);
-}    
+}
+
+sub numval2 {
+    my $txt=shift;
+    $txt=~tr/A-J/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/a-j/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/K-T/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/k-t/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/U-Z/0-5/;
+    $txt=~tr/u-z/0-5/;
+    $txt=~s/\D//g;
+    my @txts=split(/(\d\d\d\d\d\d\d\d\d)/,$txt);
+    my $total;
+    foreach my $val (@txts) { $total+=$val; }
+    if ($_64bit) { if ($total > 2**32) { return -1; } }
+    return int($total);
+}
+
+sub numval3 {
+    use integer;
+    my $txt=shift;
+    $txt=~tr/A-J/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/a-j/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/K-T/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/k-t/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/U-Z/0-5/;
+    $txt=~tr/u-z/0-5/;
+    $txt=~s/\D//g;
+    my @txts=split(/(\d\d\d\d\d\d\d\d\d)/,$txt);
+    my $total;
+    foreach my $val (@txts) { $total+=$val; }
+    if ($_64bit) { $total=(($total<<32)>>32); }
+    return $total;
+}
+
+sub digest {
+    my ($data)=@_;
+    my $digest=&Digest::MD5::md5($data);
+    my ($a,$b,$c,$d)=unpack("iiii",$digest);
+    my ($e,$f);
+    {
+        use integer;
+        $e=($a+$b);
+        $f=($c+$d);
+        if ($_64bit) {
+            $e=(($e<<32)>>32);
+            $f=(($f<<32)>>32);
+        }
+    }
+    if (wantarray) {
+	return ($e,$f);
+    } else {
+	my $g;
+	{
+	    use integer;
+	    $g=($e+$f);
+	    if ($_64bit) {
+		$g=(($g<<32)>>32);
+	    }
+	}
+	return $g;
+    }
+}
+
+sub latest_rnd_algorithm_id {
+    return '64bit5';
+}
+
+sub get_rand_alg {
+    my ($courseid)=@_;
+    if (!$courseid) { $courseid=(&Apache::lonxml::whichuser())[1]; }
+    if ($courseid) {
+	return $env{"course.$courseid.rndseed"};
+    }
+    return &latest_rnd_algorithm_id();
+}
+
+sub validCODE {
+    my ($CODE)=@_;
+    if (defined($CODE) && $CODE ne '' && $CODE =~ /^\w+$/) { return 1; }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+sub getCODE {
+    if (&validCODE($env{'form.CODE'})) { return $env{'form.CODE'}; }
+    if ( (defined($Apache::lonhomework::parsing_a_problem) ||
+	  defined($Apache::lonhomework::parsing_a_task) ) &&
+	 &validCODE($Apache::lonhomework::history{'resource.CODE'})) {
+	return $Apache::lonhomework::history{'resource.CODE'};
+    }
+    return undef;
+}
 
 sub rndseed {
-    my $symb;
-    unless ($symb=&symbread()) { return time; }
-    { 
-      use integer;
-      my $symbchck=unpack("%32C*",$symb) << 27;
-      my $symbseed=numval($symb) << 22;
-      my $namechck=unpack("%32C*",$ENV{'user.name'}) << 17;
-      my $nameseed=numval($ENV{'user.name'}) << 12;
-      my $domainseed=unpack("%32C*",$ENV{'user.domain'}) << 7;
-      my $courseseed=unpack("%32C*",$ENV{'request.course.id'});
-      my $num=$symbseed+$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed+$namechck+$symbchck;
-      #uncommenting these lines can break things!
-      #&Apache::lonxml::debug("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
-      #&Apache::lonxml::debug("rndseed :$num:$symb");
-      return $num;
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+
+    my ($wsymb,$wcourseid,$wdomain,$wusername)=&Apache::lonxml::whichuser();
+    if (!$symb) {
+	unless ($symb=$wsymb) { return time; }
+    }
+    if (!$courseid) { $courseid=$wcourseid; }
+    if (!$domain) { $domain=$wdomain; }
+    if (!$username) { $username=$wusername }
+    my $which=&get_rand_alg();
+    if (defined(&getCODE())) {
+	if ($which eq '64bit5') {
+	    return &rndseed_CODE_64bit5($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+	} elsif ($which eq '64bit4') {
+	    return &rndseed_CODE_64bit4($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+	} else {
+	    return &rndseed_CODE_64bit($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+	}
+    } elsif ($which eq '64bit5') {
+	return &rndseed_64bit5($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+    } elsif ($which eq '64bit4') {
+	return &rndseed_64bit4($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+    } elsif ($which eq '64bit3') {
+	return &rndseed_64bit3($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+    } elsif ($which eq '64bit2') {
+	return &rndseed_64bit2($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+    } elsif ($which eq '64bit') {
+	return &rndseed_64bit($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+    }
+    return &rndseed_32bit($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+}
+
+sub rndseed_32bit {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32C*",$symb) << 27;
+	my $symbseed=numval($symb) << 22;
+	my $namechck=unpack("%32C*",$username) << 17;
+	my $nameseed=numval($username) << 12;
+	my $domainseed=unpack("%32C*",$domain) << 7;
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32C*",$courseid);
+	my $num=$symbseed+$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed+$namechck+$symbchck;
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("rndseed :$num:$symb");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num=(($num<<32)>>32); }
+	return $num;
     }
 }
 
+sub rndseed_64bit {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb) << 21;
+	my $symbseed=numval($symb) << 10;
+	my $namechck=unpack("%32S*",$username);
+	
+	my $nameseed=numval($username) << 21;
+	my $domainseed=unpack("%32S*",$domain) << 10;
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid);
+	
+	my $num1=$symbchck+$symbseed+$namechck;
+	my $num2=$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed;
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("rndseed :$num:$symb");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	return "$num1,$num2";
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_64bit2 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	# strings need to be an even # of cahracters long, it it is odd the
+        # last characters gets thrown away
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb.' ') << 21;
+	my $symbseed=numval($symb) << 10;
+	my $namechck=unpack("%32S*",$username.' ');
+	
+	my $nameseed=numval($username) << 21;
+	my $domainseed=unpack("%32S*",$domain.' ') << 10;
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid.' ');
+	
+	my $num1=$symbchck+$symbseed+$namechck;
+	my $num2=$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed;
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("rndseed :$num:$symb");
+	return "$num1,$num2";
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_64bit3 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	# strings need to be an even # of cahracters long, it it is odd the
+        # last characters gets thrown away
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb.' ') << 21;
+	my $symbseed=numval2($symb) << 10;
+	my $namechck=unpack("%32S*",$username.' ');
+	
+	my $nameseed=numval2($username) << 21;
+	my $domainseed=unpack("%32S*",$domain.' ') << 10;
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid.' ');
+	
+	my $num1=$symbchck+$symbseed+$namechck;
+	my $num2=$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed;
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("rndseed :$num1:$num2:$_64bit");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	
+	return "$num1:$num2";
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_64bit4 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	# strings need to be an even # of cahracters long, it it is odd the
+        # last characters gets thrown away
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb.' ') << 21;
+	my $symbseed=numval3($symb) << 10;
+	my $namechck=unpack("%32S*",$username.' ');
+	
+	my $nameseed=numval3($username) << 21;
+	my $domainseed=unpack("%32S*",$domain.' ') << 10;
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid.' ');
+	
+	my $num1=$symbchck+$symbseed+$namechck;
+	my $num2=$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed;
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("rndseed :$num1:$num2:$_64bit");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	
+	return "$num1:$num2";
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_64bit5 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    my ($num1,$num2)=&digest("$symb,$courseid,$domain,$username");
+    return "$num1:$num2";
+}
+
+sub rndseed_CODE_64bit {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb.' ') << 16;
+	my $symbseed=numval2($symb);
+	my $CODEchck=unpack("%32S*",&getCODE().' ') << 16;
+	my $CODEseed=numval(&getCODE());
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid.' ');
+	my $num1=$symbseed+$CODEchck;
+	my $num2=$CODEseed+$courseseed+$symbchck;
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("$symbseed:$CODEchck|$CODEseed:$courseseed:$symbchck");
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("rndseed :$num1:$num2:$symb");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); }
+	if ($_64bit) { $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	return "$num1:$num2";
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_CODE_64bit4 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb.' ') << 16;
+	my $symbseed=numval3($symb);
+	my $CODEchck=unpack("%32S*",&getCODE().' ') << 16;
+	my $CODEseed=numval3(&getCODE());
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid.' ');
+	my $num1=$symbseed+$CODEchck;
+	my $num2=$CODEseed+$courseseed+$symbchck;
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("$symbseed:$CODEchck|$CODEseed:$courseseed:$symbchck");
+	#&Apache::lonxml::debug("rndseed :$num1:$num2:$symb");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); }
+	if ($_64bit) { $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	return "$num1:$num2";
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_CODE_64bit5 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    my $code = &getCODE();
+    my ($num1,$num2)=&digest("$symb,$courseid,$code");
+    return "$num1:$num2";
+}
+
+sub setup_random_from_rndseed {
+    my ($rndseed)=@_;
+    if ($rndseed =~/([,:])/) {
+	my ($num1,$num2)=split(/[,:]/,$rndseed);
+	&Math::Random::random_set_seed(abs($num1),abs($num2));
+    } else {
+	&Math::Random::random_set_seed_from_phrase($rndseed);
+    }
+}
+
+sub latest_receipt_algorithm_id {
+    return 'receipt2';
+}
+
+sub recunique {
+    my $fucourseid=shift;
+    my $unique;
+    if ($env{"course.$fucourseid.receiptalg"} eq 'receipt2') {
+	$unique=$env{"course.$fucourseid.internal.encseed"};
+    } else {
+	$unique=$perlvar{'lonReceipt'};
+    }
+    return unpack("%32C*",$unique);
+}
+
+sub recprefix {
+    my $fucourseid=shift;
+    my $prefix;
+    if ($env{"course.$fucourseid.receiptalg"} eq 'receipt2') {
+	$prefix=$env{"course.$fucourseid.internal.encpref"};
+    } else {
+	$prefix=$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    }
+    return unpack("%32C*",$prefix);
+}
+
 sub ireceipt {
-    my ($funame,$fudom,$fucourseid,$fusymb)=@_;
+    my ($funame,$fudom,$fucourseid,$fusymb,$part)=@_;
     my $cuname=unpack("%32C*",$funame);
     my $cudom=unpack("%32C*",$fudom);
     my $cucourseid=unpack("%32C*",$fucourseid);
     my $cusymb=unpack("%32C*",$fusymb);
-    my $cunique=unpack("%32C*",$perlvar{'lonReceipt'});
-    return unpack("%32C*",$perlvar{'lonHostID'}).'-'.
-           ($cunique%$cuname+
-            $cunique%$cudom+
-            $cusymb%$cuname+
-            $cusymb%$cudom+
-            $cucourseid%$cuname+
-            $cucourseid%$cudom);
+    my $cunique=&recunique($fucourseid);
+    my $cpart=unpack("%32S*",$part);
+    my $return =&recprefix($fucourseid).'-';
+    if ($env{"course.$fucourseid.receiptalg"} eq 'receipt2' ||
+	$env{'request.state'} eq 'construct') {
+	&Apache::lonxml::debug("doing receipt2  using parts $cpart, uname $cuname and udom $cudom gets  ".($cpart%$cuname).
+			       " and ".($cpart%$cudom));
+			       
+	$return.= ($cunique%$cuname+
+		   $cunique%$cudom+
+		   $cusymb%$cuname+
+		   $cusymb%$cudom+
+		   $cucourseid%$cuname+
+		   $cucourseid%$cudom+
+		   $cpart%$cuname+
+		   $cpart%$cudom);
+    } else {
+	$return.= ($cunique%$cuname+
+		   $cunique%$cudom+
+		   $cusymb%$cuname+
+		   $cusymb%$cudom+
+		   $cucourseid%$cuname+
+		   $cucourseid%$cudom);
+    }
+    return $return;
 }
 
 sub receipt {
-    return &ireceipt($ENV{'user.name'},$ENV{'user.domain'},
-                     $ENV{'request.course.id'},&symbread());
+    my ($part)=@_;
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$name) = &Apache::lonxml::whichuser();
+    return &ireceipt($name,$domain,$courseid,$symb,$part);
 }
-  
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Serves up a file
-# returns either the contents of the file or a -1
+# returns either the contents of the file or 
+# -1 if the file doesn't exist
+#
+# if the target is a file that was uploaded via DOCS, 
+# a check will be made to see if a current copy exists on the local server,
+# if it does this will be served, otherwise a copy will be retrieved from
+# the home server for the course and stored in /home/httpd/html/userfiles on
+# the local server.   
+
 sub getfile {
-  my $file=shift;
-  &repcopy($file);
-  if (! -e $file ) { return -1; };
-  my $fh=Apache::File->new($file);
-  my $a='';
-  while (<$fh>) { $a .=$_; }
-  return $a
+    my ($file) = @_;
+    if ($file =~ m -^/*(uploaded|editupload)/-) { $file=&filelocation("",$file); }
+    &repcopy($file);
+    return &readfile($file);
+}
+
+sub repcopy_userfile {
+    my ($file)=@_;
+    if ($file =~ m -^/*(uploaded|editupload)/-) { $file=&filelocation("",$file); }
+    if ($file =~ m|^/home/httpd/html/lonUsers/|) { return 'ok'; }
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$filename) = 
+	($file=~m|^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E/+userfiles/+([^/]+)/+([^/]+)/+(.*)|);
+    my ($info,$rtncode);
+    my $uri="/uploaded/$cdom/$cnum/$filename";
+    if (-e "$file") {
+	my @fileinfo = stat($file);
+	my $lwpresp = &getuploaded('HEAD',$uri,$cdom,$cnum,\$info,\$rtncode);
+	if ($lwpresp ne 'ok') {
+	    if ($rtncode eq '404') {
+		unlink($file);
+	    }
+	    #my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+	    #my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',&tokenwrapper($uri));
+	    #my $response=$ua->request($request);
+	    #if ($response->is_success()) {
+	#	return $response->content;
+	#    } else {
+	#	return -1;
+	#    }
+	    return -1;
+	}
+	if ($info < $fileinfo[9]) {
+	    return 'ok';
+	}
+	$info = '';
+	$lwpresp = &getuploaded('GET',$uri,$cdom,$cnum,\$info,\$rtncode);
+	if ($lwpresp ne 'ok') {
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    } else {
+	my $lwpresp = &getuploaded('GET',$uri,$cdom,$cnum,\$info,\$rtncode);
+	if ($lwpresp ne 'ok') {
+	    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+	    my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',&tokenwrapper($uri));
+	    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+	    if ($response->is_success()) {
+		$info=$response->content;
+	    } else {
+		return -1;
+	    }
+	}
+	my @parts = ($cdom,$cnum); 
+	if ($filename =~ m|^(.+)/[^/]+$|) {
+	    push @parts, split(/\//,$1);
+	}
+	my $path = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/userfiles';
+	foreach my $part (@parts) {
+	    $path .= '/'.$part;
+	    if (!-e $path) {
+		mkdir($path,0770);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    open(FILE,">$file");
+    print FILE $info;
+    close(FILE);
+    return 'ok';
+}
+
+sub tokenwrapper {
+    my $uri=shift;
+    $uri=~s|^http\://([^/]+)||;
+    $uri=~s|^/||;
+    $env{'user.environment'}=~/\/([^\/]+)\.id/;
+    my $token=$1;
+    my (undef,$udom,$uname,$file)=split('/',$uri,4);
+    if ($udom && $uname && $file) {
+	$file=~s|(\?\.*)*$||;
+        &appenv("userfile.$udom/$uname/$file" => $env{'request.course.id'});
+        return 'http://'.$hostname{ &homeserver($uname,$udom)}.'/'.$uri.
+               (($uri=~/\?/)?'&':'?').'token='.$token.
+                               '&tokenissued='.$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    } else {
+        return '/adm/notfound.html';
+    }
+}
+
+sub getuploaded {
+    my ($reqtype,$uri,$cdom,$cnum,$info,$rtncode) = @_;
+    $uri=~s/^\///;
+    $uri = 'http://'.$hostname{ &homeserver($cnum,$cdom)}.'/raw/'.$uri;
+    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+    my $request=new HTTP::Request($reqtype,$uri);
+    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+    $$rtncode = $response->code;
+    if (! $response->is_success()) {
+	return 'failed';
+    }      
+    if ($reqtype eq 'HEAD') {
+	$$info = &HTTP::Date::str2time( $response->header('Last-modified') );
+    } elsif ($reqtype eq 'GET') {
+	$$info = $response->content;
+    }
+    return 'ok';
+}
+
+sub readfile {
+    my $file = shift;
+    if ( (! -e $file ) || ($file eq '') ) { return -1; };
+    my $fh;
+    open($fh,"<$file");
+    my $a='';
+    while (<$fh>) { $a .=$_; }
+    return $a;
 }
 
 sub filelocation {
-  my ($dir,$file) = @_;
-  my $location;
-  $file=~ s/^\s*(\S+)\s*$/$1/; ## strip off leading and trailing spaces
-  if ($file=~m:^/~:) { # is a contruction space reference
-    $location = $file;
-    $location =~ s:/~(.*?)/(.*):/home/$1/public_html/$2:;
-  } else {
-    $file=~s/^$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}//;
-    $file=~s:^/*res::;
-    if ( !( $file =~ m:^/:) ) {
-      $location = $dir. '/'.$file;
+    my ($dir,$file) = @_;
+    my $location;
+    $file=~ s/^\s*(\S+)\s*$/$1/; ## strip off leading and trailing spaces
+
+    if ($file =~ m-^/adm/-) {
+	$file=~s-^/adm/wrapper/-/-;
+	$file=~s-^/adm/coursedocs/showdoc/-/-;
+    }
+    if ($file=~m:^/~:) { # is a contruction space reference
+        $location = $file;
+        $location =~ s:/~(.*?)/(.*):/home/$1/public_html/$2:;
+    } elsif ($file=~m:^/home/[^/]*/public_html/:) {
+	# is a correct contruction space reference
+        $location = $file;
+    } elsif ($file=~/^\/*(uploaded|editupload)/) { # is an uploaded file
+        my ($udom,$uname,$filename)=
+  	    ($file=~m -^/+(?:uploaded|editupload)/+([^/]+)/+([^/]+)/+(.*)$-);
+        my $home=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        my $is_me=0;
+        my @ids=&current_machine_ids();
+        foreach my $id (@ids) { if ($id eq $home) { $is_me=1; } }
+        if ($is_me) {
+  	    $location=&propath($udom,$uname).
+  	      '/userfiles/'.$filename;
+        } else {
+  	  $location=$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/userfiles/'.
+  	      $udom.'/'.$uname.'/'.$filename;
+        }
     } else {
-      $location = '/home/httpd/html/res'.$file;
+        $file=~s/^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E//;
+        $file=~s:^/res/:/:;
+        if ( !( $file =~ m:^/:) ) {
+            $location = $dir. '/'.$file;
+        } else {
+            $location = '/home/httpd/html/res'.$file;
+        }
     }
-  }
-  $location=~s://+:/:g; # remove duplicate /
-  while ($location=~m:/\.\./:) {$location=~ s:/[^/]+/\.\./:/:g;} #remove dir/..
-  return $location;
+    $location=~s://+:/:g; # remove duplicate /
+    while ($location=~m:/\.\./:) {$location=~ s:/[^/]+/\.\./:/:g;} #remove dir/..
+    while ($location=~m:/\./:) {$location=~ s:/\./:/:g;} #remove /./
+    return $location;
 }
 
 sub hreflocation {
     my ($dir,$file)=@_;
-    unless (($_=~/^http:\/\//i) || ($_=~/^\//)) {
-       my $finalpath=filelocation($dir,$file);
-       $finalpath=~s/^\/home\/httpd\/html//;
-       return $finalpath;
-    } else {
-       return $file;
+    unless (($file=~m-^http://-i) || ($file=~m-^/-)) {
+	$file=filelocation($dir,$file);
+    } elsif ($file=~m-^/adm/-) {
+	$file=~s-^/adm/wrapper/-/-;
+	$file=~s-^/adm/coursedocs/showdoc/-/-;
+    }
+    if ($file=~m-^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E-) {
+	$file=~s-^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E--;
+    } elsif ($file=~m-/home/(\w+)/public_html/-) {
+	$file=~s-^/home/(\w+)/public_html/-/~$1/-;
+    } elsif ($file=~m-^\Q$perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}\E-) {
+	$file=~s-^/home/httpd/lonUsers/([^/]*)/./././([^/]*)/userfiles/
+	    -/uploaded/$1/$2/-x;
+    }
+    return $file;
+}
+
+sub current_machine_domains {
+    my $hostname=$hostname{$perlvar{'lonHostID'}};
+    my @domains;
+    while( my($id, $name) = each(%hostname)) {
+#	&logthis("-$id-$name-$hostname-");
+	if ($hostname eq $name) {
+	    push(@domains,$hostdom{$id});
+	}
+    }
+    return @domains;
+}
+
+sub current_machine_ids {
+    my $hostname=$hostname{$perlvar{'lonHostID'}};
+    my @ids;
+    while( my($id, $name) = each(%hostname)) {
+#	&logthis("-$id-$name-$hostname-");
+	if ($hostname eq $name) {
+	    push(@ids,$id);
+	}
     }
+    return @ids;
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Declutters URLs
 
 sub declutter {
     my $thisfn=shift;
-    $thisfn=~s/^$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}//;
+    if ($thisfn=~m|^/enc/|) { $thisfn=&Apache::lonenc::unencrypted($thisfn); }
+    $thisfn=~s/^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E//;
     $thisfn=~s/^\///;
+    $thisfn=~s|^adm/wrapper/||;
+    $thisfn=~s|^adm/coursedocs/showdoc/||;
     $thisfn=~s/^res\///;
+    $thisfn=~s/\?.+$//;
     return $thisfn;
 }
 
-# -------------------------------------------------------- Escape Special Chars
+# ------------------------------------------------------------- Clutter up URLs
+
+sub clutter {
+    my $thisfn='/'.&declutter(shift);
+    unless ($thisfn=~/^\/(uploaded|editupload|adm|userfiles|ext|raw|priv|public)\//) { 
+       $thisfn='/res'.$thisfn; 
+    }
+    if ($thisfn !~m|/adm|) {
+	if ($thisfn =~ m|/ext/|) {
+	    $thisfn='/adm/wrapper'.$thisfn;
+	} else {
+	    my ($ext) = ($thisfn =~ /\.(\w+)$/);
+	    my $embstyle=&Apache::loncommon::fileembstyle($ext);
+	    if ($embstyle eq 'ssi'
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'hdn')
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'rat')
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'prv')
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'ign')) {
+		#do nothing with these
+	    } elsif (($embstyle eq 'img') 
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'emb')
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'wrp')) {
+		$thisfn='/adm/wrapper'.$thisfn;
+	    } elsif ($embstyle eq 'unk'
+		     && $thisfn!~/\.(sequence|page)$/) {
+		$thisfn='/adm/coursedocs/showdoc'.$thisfn;
+	    } else {
+#		&logthis("Got a blank emb style");
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    return $thisfn;
+}
 
-sub escape {
-    my $str=shift;
-    $str =~ s/(\W)/"%".unpack('H2',$1)/eg;
-    return $str;
+sub freeze_escape {
+    my ($value)=@_;
+    if (ref($value)) {
+	$value=&nfreeze($value);
+	return '__FROZEN__'.&escape($value);
+    }
+    return &escape($value);
 }
 
-# ----------------------------------------------------- Un-Escape Special Chars
 
-sub unescape {
-    my $str=shift;
-    $str =~ s/%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])/pack("C",hex($1))/eg;
-    return $str;
+sub thaw_unescape {
+    my ($value)=@_;
+    if ($value =~ /^__FROZEN__/) {
+	substr($value,0,10,undef);
+	$value=&unescape($value);
+	return &thaw($value);
+    }
+    return &unescape($value);
 }
 
+sub correct_line_ends {
+    my ($result)=@_;
+    $$result =~s/\r\n/\n/mg;
+    $$result =~s/\r/\n/mg;
+}
 # ================================================================ Main Program
 
-sub BEGIN {
-if ($readit ne 'done') {
-# ------------------------------------------------------------ Read access.conf
+sub goodbye {
+   &logthis("Starting Shut down");
+#not converted to using infrastruture and probably shouldn't be
+   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%badServerCache',length(&freeze(\%badServerCache))));
+#converted
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%metacache',scalar(%metacache)));
+   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%homecache',length(&freeze(\%homecache))));
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%titlecache',length(&freeze(\%titlecache))));
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%courseresdatacache',length(&freeze(\%courseresdatacache))));
+#1.1 only
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%userresdatacache',length(&freeze(\%userresdatacache))));
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%getsectioncache',length(&freeze(\%getsectioncache))));
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%courseresversioncache',length(&freeze(\%courseresversioncache))));
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%resversioncache',length(&freeze(\%resversioncache))));
+   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%remembered',length(&freeze(\%remembered))));
+   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'kicks',$kicks));
+   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'hits',$hits));
+   &flushcourselogs();
+   &logthis("Shutting down");
+}
+
+BEGIN {
+# ----------------------------------- Read loncapa.conf and loncapa_apache.conf
+    unless ($readit) {
+{
+    # FIXME: Use LONCAPA::Configuration::read_conf here and omit next block
+    open(my $config,"</etc/httpd/conf/loncapa.conf");
+
+    while (my $configline=<$config>) {
+        if ($configline=~/\S/ && $configline =~ /^[^\#]*PerlSetVar/) {
+	   my ($dummy,$varname,$varvalue)=split(/\s+/,$configline);
+           chomp($varvalue);
+           $perlvar{$varname}=$varvalue;
+        }
+    }
+    close($config);
+}
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("/etc/httpd/conf/access.conf");
+    open(my $config,"</etc/httpd/conf/loncapa_apache.conf");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-        if ($configline =~ /PerlSetVar/) {
+        if ($configline =~ /^[^\#]*PerlSetVar/) {
 	   my ($dummy,$varname,$varvalue)=split(/\s+/,$configline);
            chomp($varvalue);
            $perlvar{$varname}=$varvalue;
         }
     }
+    close($config);
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ Read domain file
+{
+    %domaindescription = ();
+    %domain_auth_def = ();
+    %domain_auth_arg_def = ();
+    my $fh;
+    if (open($fh,"<".$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/domain.tab')) {
+       while (<$fh>) {
+           next if (/^(\#|\s*$)/);
+#           next if /^\#/;
+           chomp;
+           my ($domain, $domain_description, $def_auth, $def_auth_arg,
+	       $def_lang, $city, $longi, $lati, $primary) = split(/:/,$_);
+	   $domain_auth_def{$domain}=$def_auth;
+           $domain_auth_arg_def{$domain}=$def_auth_arg;
+	   $domaindescription{$domain}=$domain_description;
+	   $domain_lang_def{$domain}=$def_lang;
+	   $domain_city{$domain}=$city;
+	   $domain_longi{$domain}=$longi;
+	   $domain_lati{$domain}=$lati;
+           $domain_primary{$domain}=$primary;
+
+ #         &logthis("Domain.tab: $domain, $domain_auth_def{$domain}, $domain_auth_arg_def{$domain},$domaindescription{$domain}");
+#          &logthis("Domain.tab: $domain ".$domaindescription{$domain} );
+	}
+    }
+    close ($fh);
+}
+
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Read hosts file
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-       my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip)=split(/:/,$configline);
-       $hostname{$id}=$name;
-       $hostdom{$id}=$domain;
-       if ($role eq 'library') { $libserv{$id}=$name; }
+       next if ($configline =~ /^(\#|\s*$)/);
+       chomp($configline);
+       my ($id,$domain,$role,$name)=split(/:/,$configline);
+       $name=~s/\s//g;
+       if ($id && $domain && $role && $name) {
+	 $hostname{$id}=$name;
+	 $hostdom{$id}=$domain;
+	 if ($role eq 'library') { $libserv{$id}=$name; }
+       }
     }
+    close($config);
+    # FIXME: dev server don't want this, production servers _do_ want this
+    #&get_iphost();
+}
+
+sub get_iphost {
+    if (%iphost) { return %iphost; }
+    my %name_to_ip;
+    foreach my $id (keys(%hostname)) {
+	my $name=$hostname{$id};
+	my $ip;
+	if (!exists($name_to_ip{$name})) {
+	    $ip = gethostbyname($name);
+	    if (!$ip || length($ip) ne 4) {
+		&logthis("Skipping host $id name $name no IP found\n");
+		next;
+	    }
+	    $ip=inet_ntoa($ip);
+	    $name_to_ip{$name} = $ip;
+	} else {
+	    $ip = $name_to_ip{$name};
+	}
+	push(@{$iphost{$ip}},$id);
+    }
+    return %iphost;
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------ Read spare server file
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/spare.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/spare.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
        chomp($configline);
-       if (($configline) && ($configline ne $perlvar{'lonHostID'})) {
+       if ($configline) {
           $spareid{$configline}=1;
        }
     }
+    close($config);
 }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Read permissions
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/roles.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/roles.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-       chomp($configline);
-       my ($role,$perm)=split(/ /,$configline);
-       if ($perm ne '') { $pr{$role}=$perm; }
+	chomp($configline);
+	if ($configline) {
+	    my ($role,$perm)=split(/ /,$configline);
+	    if ($perm ne '') { $pr{$role}=$perm; }
+	}
     }
+    close($config);
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------- Read plain texts for permissions
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/rolesplain.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/rolesplain.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-       chomp($configline);
-       my ($short,$plain)=split(/:/,$configline);
-       if ($plain ne '') { $prp{$short}=$plain; }
+	chomp($configline);
+	if ($configline) {
+	    my ($short,@plain)=split(/:/,$configline);
+            %{$prp{$short}} = ();
+	    if (@plain > 0) {
+                $prp{$short}{'std'} = $plain[0];
+                for (my $i=1; $i<@plain; $i++) {
+                    $prp{$short}{'alt'.$i} = $plain[$i];  
+                }
+            }
+	}
     }
+    close($config);
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------- Read file types
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read package table
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/filetypes.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/packages.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-       chomp($configline);
-       my ($ending,$emb,@descr)=split(/\s+/,$configline);
-       if ($descr[0] ne '') { 
-         $fe{$ending}=$emb;
-         $fd{$ending}=join(' ',@descr);
-       }
+	if ($configline !~ /\S/ || $configline=~/^#/) { next; }
+	chomp($configline);
+	my ($short,$plain)=split(/:/,$configline);
+	my ($pack,$name)=split(/\&/,$short);
+	if ($plain ne '') {
+	    $packagetab{$pack.'&'.$name.'&name'}=$name; 
+	    $packagetab{$short}=$plain; 
+	}
     }
+    close($config);
 }
 
-%metacache=();
+# ------------- set up temporary directory
+{
+    $tmpdir = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/';
+
+}
 
-$readit='done';
-&logthis('<font color=yellow>INFO: Read configuration</font>');
+$memcache=new Cache::Memcached({'servers'=>['127.0.0.1:11211']});
+
+$processmarker='_'.time.'_'.$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+$dumpcount=0;
+
+&logtouch();
+&logthis('<font color="yellow">INFO: Read configuration</font>');
+$readit=1;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	my $test=(2**32)+1;
+	if ($test != 0) { $_64bit=1; } else { $_64bit=0; }
+	&logthis(" Detected 64bit platform ($_64bit)");
+    }
 }
 }
+
 1;
+__END__
+
+=pod
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Apache::lonnet - Subroutines to ask questions about things in the network.
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+Invoked by other LON-CAPA modules, when they need to talk to or about objects in the network.
+
+ &Apache::lonnet::SUBROUTINENAME(ARGUMENTS);
+
+Common parameters:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+$uname : an internal username (if $cname expecting a course Id specifically)
+
+=item *
+
+$udom : a domain (if $cdom expecting a course's domain specifically)
+
+=item *
+
+$symb : a resource instance identifier
+
+=item *
+
+$namespace : the name of a .db file that contains the data needed or
+being set.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 OVERVIEW
+
+lonnet provides subroutines which interact with the
+lonc/lond (TCP) network layer of LON-CAPA. They can be used to ask
+about classes, users, and resources.
+
+For many of these objects you can also use this to store data about
+them or modify them in various ways.
+
+=head2 Symbs
+
+To identify a specific instance of a resource, LON-CAPA uses symbols
+or "symbs"X<symb>. These identifiers are built from the URL of the
+map, the resource number of the resource in the map, and the URL of
+the resource itself. The latter is somewhat redundant, but might help
+if maps change.
+
+An example is
+
+ msu/korte/parts/part1.sequence___19___msu/korte/tests/part12.problem
+
+The respective map entry is
+
+ <resource id="19" src="/res/msu/korte/tests/part12.problem"
+  title="Problem 2">
+ </resource>
+
+Symbs are used by the random number generator, as well as to store and
+restore data specific to a certain instance of for example a problem.
+
+=head2 Storing And Retrieving Data
+
+X<store()>X<cstore()>X<restore()>Three of the most important functions
+in C<lonnet.pm> are C<&Apache::lonnet::cstore()>,
+C<&Apache::lonnet:restore()>, and C<&Apache::lonnet::store()>, which
+is is the non-critical message twin of cstore. These functions are for
+handlers to store a perl hash to a user's permanent data space in an
+easy manner, and to retrieve it again on another call. It is expected
+that a handler would use this once at the beginning to retrieve data,
+and then again once at the end to send only the new data back.
+
+The data is stored in the user's data directory on the user's
+homeserver under the ID of the course.
+
+The hash that is returned by restore will have all of the previous
+value for all of the elements of the hash.
+
+Example:
+
+ #creating a hash
+ my %hash;
+ $hash{'foo'}='bar';
+
+ #storing it
+ &Apache::lonnet::cstore(\%hash);
+
+ #changing a value
+ $hash{'foo'}='notbar';
+
+ #adding a new value
+ $hash{'bar'}='foo';
+ &Apache::lonnet::cstore(\%hash);
+
+ #retrieving the hash
+ my %history=&Apache::lonnet::restore();
+
+ #print the hash
+ foreach my $key (sort(keys(%history))) {
+   print("\%history{$key} = $history{$key}");
+ }
+
+Will print out:
+
+ %history{1:foo} = bar
+ %history{1:keys} = foo:timestamp
+ %history{1:timestamp} = 990455579
+ %history{2:bar} = foo
+ %history{2:foo} = notbar
+ %history{2:keys} = foo:bar:timestamp
+ %history{2:timestamp} = 990455580
+ %history{bar} = foo
+ %history{foo} = notbar
+ %history{timestamp} = 990455580
+ %history{version} = 2
+
+Note that the special hash entries C<keys>, C<version> and
+C<timestamp> were added to the hash. C<version> will be equal to the
+total number of versions of the data that have been stored. The
+C<timestamp> attribute will be the UNIX time the hash was
+stored. C<keys> is available in every historical section to list which
+keys were added or changed at a specific historical revision of a
+hash.
+
+B<Warning>: do not store the hash that restore returns directly. This
+will cause a mess since it will restore the historical keys as if the
+were new keys. I.E. 1:foo will become 1:1:foo etc.
+
+Calling convention:
+
+ my %record=&Apache::lonnet::restore($symb,$courseid,$domain,$uname,$home);
+ &Apache::lonnet::cstore(\%newrecord,$symb,$courseid,$domain,$uname,$home);
+
+For more detailed information, see lonnet specific documentation.
+
+=head1 RETURN MESSAGES
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * B<con_lost>: unable to contact remote host
+
+=item * B<con_delayed>: unable to contact remote host, message will be delivered
+when the connection is brought back up
+
+=item * B<con_failed>: unable to contact remote host and unable to save message
+for later delivery
+
+=item * B<error:>: an error a occured, a description of the error follows the :
+
+=item * B<no_such_host>: unable to fund a host associated with the user/domain
+that was requested
+
+=back
+
+=head1 PUBLIC SUBROUTINES
+
+=head2 Session Environment Functions
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * 
+X<appenv()>
+B<appenv(%hash)>: the value of %hash is written to
+the user envirnoment file, and will be restored for each access this
+user makes during this session, also modifies the %env for the current
+process
+
+=item *
+X<delenv()>
+B<delenv($regexp)>: removes all items from the session
+environment file that matches the regular expression in $regexp. The
+values are also delted from the current processes %env.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 User Information
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+X<queryauthenticate()>
+B<queryauthenticate($uname,$udom)>: try to determine user's current 
+authentication scheme
+
+=item *
+X<authenticate()>
+B<authenticate($uname,$upass,$udom)>: try to
+authenticate user from domain's lib servers (first use the current
+one). C<$upass> should be the users password.
+
+=item *
+X<homeserver()>
+B<homeserver($uname,$udom)>: find the server which has
+the user's directory and files (there must be only one), this caches
+the answer, and also caches if there is a borken connection.
+
+=item *
+X<idget()>
+B<idget($udom,@ids)>: find the usernames behind a list of IDs
+(IDs are a unique resource in a domain, there must be only 1 ID per
+username, and only 1 username per ID in a specific domain) (returns
+hash: id=>name,id=>name)
+
+=item *
+X<idrget()>
+B<idrget($udom,@unames)>: find the IDs behind a list of
+usernames (returns hash: name=>id,name=>id)
+
+=item *
+X<idput()>
+B<idput($udom,%ids)>: store away a list of names and associated IDs
+
+=item *
+X<rolesinit()>
+B<rolesinit($udom,$username,$authhost)>: get user privileges
+
+=item *
+X<getsection()>
+B<getsection($udom,$uname,$cname)>: finds the section of student in the
+course $cname, return section name/number or '' for "not in course"
+and '-1' for "no section"
+
+=item *
+X<userenvironment()>
+B<userenvironment($udom,$uname,@what)>: gets the values of the keys
+passed in @what from the requested user's environment, returns a hash
+
+=back
+
+=head2 User Roles
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+allowed($priv,$uri) : check for a user privilege; returns codes for allowed
+actions
+ F: full access
+ U,I,K: authentication modes (cxx only)
+ '': forbidden
+ 1: user needs to choose course
+ 2: browse allowed
+
+=item *
+
+definerole($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole) : define role; define a custom
+role rolename set privileges in format of lonTabs/roles.tab for system, domain,
+and course level
+
+=item *
+
+plaintext($short) : return value in %prp hash (rolesplain.tab); plain text
+explanation of a user role term
+
+=back
+
+=head2 User Modification
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$end,$start) : assign role; give a role to a
+user for the level given by URL.  Optional start and end dates (leave empty
+string or zero for "no date")
+
+=item *
+
+changepass($uname,$udom,$currentpass,$newpass,$server) : attempts to
+change a users, password, possible return values are: ok,
+pwchange_failure, non_authorized, auth_mode_error, unknown_user,
+refused
+
+=item *
+
+modifyuserauth($udom,$uname,$umode,$upass) : modify user authentication
+
+=item *
+
+modifyuser($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene) : 
+modify user
+
+=item *
+
+modifystudent
+
+modify a students enrollment and identification information.
+The course id is resolved based on the current users environment.  
+This means the envoking user must be a course coordinator or otherwise
+associated with a course.
+
+This call is essentially a wrapper for lonnet::modifyuser and
+lonnet::modify_student_enrollment
+
+Inputs: 
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<$udom> Students loncapa domain
+
+=item B<$uname> Students loncapa login name
+
+=item B<$uid> Students id/student number
+
+=item B<$umode> Students authentication mode
+
+=item B<$upass> Students password
+
+=item B<$first> Students first name
+
+=item B<$middle> Students middle name
+
+=item B<$last> Students last name
+
+=item B<$gene> Students generation
+
+=item B<$usec> Students section in course
+
+=item B<$end> Unix time of the roles expiration
+
+=item B<$start> Unix time of the roles start date
+
+=item B<$forceid> If defined, allow $uid to be changed
+
+=item B<$desiredhome> server to use as home server for student
+
+=back
+
+=item *
+
+modify_student_enrollment
+
+Change a students enrollment status in a class.  The environment variable
+'role.request.course' must be defined for this function to proceed.
+
+Inputs:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item $udom, students domain
+
+=item $uname, students name
+
+=item $uid, students user id
+
+=item $first, students first name
+
+=item $middle
+
+=item $last
+
+=item $gene
+
+=item $usec
+
+=item $end
+
+=item $start
+
+=back
+
+
+=item *
+
+assigncustomrole($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$end,$start) : assign
+custom role; give a custom role to a user for the level given by URL.  Specify
+name and domain of role author, and role name
+
+=item *
+
+revokerole($udom,$uname,$url,$role) : revoke a role for url
+
+=item *
+
+revokecustomrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role) : revoke a custom role
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Course Infomation
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+coursedescription($courseid) : returns a hash of information about the
+specified course id, including all environment settings for the
+course, the description of the course will be in the hash under the
+key 'description'
+
+=item *
+
+resdata($name,$domain,$type,@which) : request for current parameter
+setting for a specific $type, where $type is either 'course' or 'user',
+@what should be a list of parameters to ask about. This routine caches
+answers for 5 minutes.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Course Modification
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+writecoursepref($courseid,%prefs) : write preferences (environment
+database) for a course
+
+=item *
+
+createcourse($udom,$description,$url) : make/modify course
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Resource Subroutines
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+subscribe($fname) : subscribe to a resource, returns URL if possible (probably should use repcopy instead)
+
+=item *
+
+repcopy($filename) : subscribes to the requested file, and attempts to
+replicate from the owning library server, Might return
+'unavailable', 'not_found', 'forbidden', 'ok', or
+'bad_request', also attempts to grab the metadata for the
+resource. Expects the local filesystem pathname
+(/home/httpd/html/res/....)
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Resource Information
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+EXT($varname,$symb,$udom,$uname) : evaluates and returns the value of
+a vairety of different possible values, $varname should be a request
+string, and the other parameters can be used to specify who and what
+one is asking about.
+
+Possible values for $varname are environment.lastname (or other item
+from the envirnment hash), user.name (or someother aspect about the
+user), resource.0.maxtries (or some other part and parameter of a
+resource)
+
+=item *
+
+directcondval($number) : get current value of a condition; reads from a state
+string
+
+=item *
+
+condval($condidx) : value of condition index based on state
+
+=item *
+
+metadata($uri,$what,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount) : request a
+resource's metadata, $what should be either a specific key, or either
+'keys' (to get a list of possible keys) or 'packages' to get a list of
+packages that this resource currently uses, the last 3 arguments are only used internally for recursive metadata.
+
+this function automatically caches all requests
+
+=item *
+
+metadata_query($query,$custom,$customshow) : make a metadata query against the
+network of library servers; returns file handle of where SQL and regex results
+will be stored for query
+
+=item *
+
+symbread($filename) : return symbolic list entry (filename argument optional);
+returns the data handle
+
+=item *
+
+symbverify($symb,$thisfn) : verifies that $symb actually exists and is
+a possible symb for the URL in $thisfn, and if is an encryypted
+resource that the user accessed using /enc/ returns a 1 on success, 0
+on failure, user must be in a course, as it assumes the existance of
+the course initial hash, and uses $env('request.course.id'}
+
+
+=item *
+
+symbclean($symb) : removes versions numbers from a symb, returns the
+cleaned symb
+
+=item *
+
+is_on_map($uri) : checks if the $uri is somewhere on the current
+course map, user must be in a course for it to work.
+
+=item *
+
+numval($salt) : return random seed value (addend for rndseed)
+
+=item *
+
+rndseed($symb,$courseid,$udom,$uname) : create a random sum; returns
+a random seed, all arguments are optional, if they aren't sent it uses the
+environment to derive them. Note: if symb isn't sent and it can't get one
+from &symbread it will use the current time as its return value
+
+=item *
+
+ireceipt($funame,$fudom,$fucourseid,$fusymb) : return unique,
+unfakeable, receipt
+
+=item *
+
+receipt() : API to ireceipt working off of env values; given out to users
+
+=item *
+
+countacc($url) : count the number of accesses to a given URL
+
+=item *
+
+checkout($symb,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid) :  creates a record of a user having looked at an item, most likely printed out or otherwise using a resource
+
+=item *
+
+checkin($token) : updates that a resource has beeen returned (a hard copy version for instance) and returns the data that $token was Checkout with ($symb, $tuname, $tudom, and $tcrsid)
+
+=item *
+
+expirespread($uname,$udom,$stype,$usymb) : set expire date for spreadsheet
+
+=item *
+
+devalidate($symb) : devalidate temporary spreadsheet calculations,
+forcing spreadsheet to reevaluate the resource scores next time.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Storing/Retreiving Data
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+store($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname) : stores hash permanently
+for this url; hashref needs to be given and should be a \%hashname; the
+remaining args aren't required and if they aren't passed or are '' they will
+be derived from the env
+
+=item *
+
+cstore($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname) : same as store but
+uses critical subroutine
+
+=item *
+
+restore($symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname) : returns hash for this symb;
+all args are optional
+
+=item *
+
+dumpstore($namespace,$udom,$uname,$regexp,$range) : 
+dumps the complete (or key matching regexp) namespace into a hash
+($udom, $uname, $regexp, $range are optional) for a namespace that is
+normally &store()ed into
+
+$range should be either an integer '100' (give me the first 100
+                                           matching records)
+              or be  two integers sperated by a - with no spaces
+                 '30-50' (give me the 30th through the 50th matching
+                          records)
+
+
+=item *
+
+putstore($namespace,$symb,$version,$storehash,$udomain,$uname) :
+replaces a &store() version of data with a replacement set of data
+for a particular resource in a namespace passed in the $storehash hash 
+reference
+
+=item *
+
+tmpstore($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname) : storage that
+works very similar to store/cstore, but all data is stored in a
+temporary location and can be reset using tmpreset, $storehash should
+be a hash reference, returns nothing on success
+
+=item *
+
+tmprestore($symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname) : storage that works very
+similar to restore, but all data is stored in a temporary location and
+can be reset using tmpreset. Returns a hash of values on success,
+error string otherwise.
+
+=item *
+
+tmpreset($symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname) : temporary storage reset,
+deltes all keys for $symb form the temporary storage hash.
+
+=item *
+
+get($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uname) : returns hash with keys from array
+reference filled in from namesp ($udom and $uname are optional)
+
+=item *
+
+del($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uname) : deletes keys out of array from
+namesp ($udom and $uname are optional)
+
+=item *
+
+dump($namespace,$udom,$uname,$regexp,$range) : 
+dumps the complete (or key matching regexp) namespace into a hash
+($udom, $uname, $regexp, $range are optional)
+
+$range should be either an integer '100' (give me the first 100
+                                           matching records)
+              or be  two integers sperated by a - with no spaces
+                 '30-50' (give me the 30th through the 50th matching
+                          records)
+=item *
+
+inc($namespace,$store,$udom,$uname) : increments $store in $namespace.
+$store can be a scalar, an array reference, or if the amount to be 
+incremented is > 1, a hash reference.
+
+($udom and $uname are optional)
+
+=item *
+
+put($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uname) : stores hash in namesp
+($udom and $uname are optional)
+
+=item *
+
+cput($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uname) : critical put
+($udom and $uname are optional)
+
+=item *
+
+newput($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uname) :
+
+Attempts to store the items in the $storehash, but only if they don't
+currently exist, if this succeeds you can be certain that you have 
+successfully created a new key value pair in the $namespace db.
+
+
+Args:
+ $namespace: name of database to store values to
+ $storehash: hashref to store to the db
+ $udom: (optional) domain of user containing the db
+ $uname: (optional) name of user caontaining the db
+
+Returns:
+ 'ok' -> succeeded in storing all keys of $storehash
+ 'key_exists: <key>' -> failed to anything out of $storehash, as at
+                        least <key> already existed in the db (other
+                        requested keys may also already exist)
+ 'error: <msg>' -> unable to tie the DB or other erorr occured
+ 'con_lost' -> unable to contact request server
+ 'refused' -> action was not allowed by remote machine
+
+
+=item *
+
+eget($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uname) : returns hash with keys from array
+reference filled in from namesp (encrypts the return communication)
+($udom and $uname are optional)
+
+=item *
+
+log($udom,$name,$home,$message) : write to permanent log for user; use
+critical subroutine
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Network Status Functions
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+dirlist($uri) : return directory list based on URI
+
+=item *
+
+spareserver() : find server with least workload from spare.tab
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Apache Request
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+ssi($url,%hash) : server side include, does a complete request cycle on url to
+localhost, posts hash
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Data to String to Data
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+hash2str(%hash) : convert a hash into a string complete with escaping and '='
+and '&' separators, supports elements that are arrayrefs and hashrefs
+
+=item *
+
+hashref2str($hashref) : convert a hashref into a string complete with
+escaping and '=' and '&' separators, supports elements that are
+arrayrefs and hashrefs
+
+=item *
+
+arrayref2str($arrayref) : convert an arrayref into a string complete
+with escaping and '&' separators, supports elements that are arrayrefs
+and hashrefs
+
+=item *
+
+str2hash($string) : convert string to hash using unescaping and
+splitting on '=' and '&', supports elements that are arrayrefs and
+hashrefs
+
+=item *
+
+str2array($string) : convert string to hash using unescaping and
+splitting on '&', supports elements that are arrayrefs and hashrefs
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Logging Routines
+
+=over 4
+
+These routines allow one to make log messages in the lonnet.log and
+lonnet.perm logfiles.
+
+=item *
+
+logtouch() : make sure the logfile, lonnet.log, exists
+
+=item *
+
+logthis() : append message to the normal lonnet.log file, it gets
+preiodically rolled over and deleted.
+
+=item *
+
+logperm() : append a permanent message to lonnet.perm.log, this log
+file never gets deleted by any automated portion of the system, only
+messages of critical importance should go in here.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 General File Helper Routines
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+getfile($file,$caller) : two cases - requests for files in /res or in /uploaded.
+(a) files in /uploaded
+  (i) If a local copy of the file exists - 
+      compares modification date of local copy with last-modified date for 
+      definitive version stored on home server for course. If local copy is 
+      stale, requests a new version from the home server and stores it. 
+      If the original has been removed from the home server, then local copy 
+      is unlinked.
+  (ii) If local copy does not exist -
+      requests the file from the home server and stores it. 
+  
+  If $caller is 'uploadrep':  
+    This indicates a call from lonuploadrep.pm (PerlHeaderParserHandler phase)
+    for request for files originally uploaded via DOCS. 
+     - returns 'ok' if fresh local copy now available, -1 otherwise.
+  
+  Otherwise:
+     This indicates a call from the content generation phase of the request.
+     -  returns the entire contents of the file or -1.
+     
+(b) files in /res
+   - returns the entire contents of a file or -1; 
+   it properly subscribes to and replicates the file if neccessary.
+
+
+=item *
+
+stat_file($url) : $url is expected to be a /res/ or /uploaded/ style file
+                  reference
+
+returns either a stat() list of data about the file or an empty list
+if the file doesn't exist or couldn't find out about it (connection
+problems or user unknown)
+
+=item *
+
+filelocation($dir,$file) : returns file system location of a file
+based on URI; meant to be "fairly clean" absolute reference, $dir is a
+directory that relative $file lookups are to looked in ($dir of /a/dir
+and a file of ../bob will become /a/bob)
+
+=item *
+
+hreflocation($dir,$file) : returns file system location or a URL; same as
+filelocation except for hrefs
+
+=item *
+
+declutter() : declutters URLs (remove docroot, beginning slashes, 'res' etc)
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Usererfile file routines (/uploaded*)
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+userfileupload(): main rotine for putting a file in a user or course's
+                  filespace, arguments are,
+
+ formname - required - this is the name of the element in $env where the
+           filename, and the contents of the file to create/modifed exist
+           the filename is in $env{'form.'.$formname.'.filename'} and the
+           contents of the file is located in $env{'form.'.$formname}
+ coursedoc - if true, store the file in the course of the active role
+             of the current user
+ subdir - required - subdirectory to put the file in under ../userfiles/
+         if undefined, it will be placed in "unknown"
+
+ (This routine calls clean_filename() to remove any dangerous
+ characters from the filename, and then calls finuserfileupload() to
+ complete the transaction)
+
+ returns either the url of the uploaded file (/uploaded/....) if successful
+ and /adm/notfound.html if unsuccessful
+
+=item *
+
+clean_filename(): routine for cleaing a filename up for storage in
+                 userfile space, argument is:
+
+ filename - proposed filename
+
+returns: the new clean filename
+
+=item *
+
+finishuserfileupload(): routine that creaes and sends the file to
+userspace, probably shouldn't be called directly
+
+  docuname: username or courseid of destination for the file
+  docudom: domain of user/course of destination for the file
+  formname: same as for userfileupload()
+  fname: filename (inculding subdirectories) for the file
+
+ returns either the url of the uploaded file (/uploaded/....) if successful
+ and /adm/notfound.html if unsuccessful
+
+=item *
+
+renameuserfile(): renames an existing userfile to a new name
+
+  Args:
+   docuname: username or courseid of destination for the file
+   docudom: domain of user/course of destination for the file
+   old: current file name (including any subdirs under userfiles)
+   new: desired file name (including any subdirs under userfiles)
+
+=item *
+
+mkdiruserfile(): creates a directory is a userfiles dir
+
+  Args:
+   docuname: username or courseid of destination for the file
+   docudom: domain of user/course of destination for the file
+   dir: dir to create (including any subdirs under userfiles)
+
+=item *
+
+removeuserfile(): removes a file that exists in userfiles
+
+  Args:
+   docuname: username or courseid of destination for the file
+   docudom: domain of user/course of destination for the file
+   fname: filname to delete (including any subdirs under userfiles)
+
+=item *
+
+removeuploadedurl(): convience function for removeuserfile()
+
+  Args:
+   url:  a full /uploaded/... url to delete
+
+=item * 
+
+get_portfile_permissions():
+  Args:
+    domain: domain of user or course contain the portfolio files
+    user: name of user or num of course contain the portfolio files
+  Returns:
+    hashref of a dump of the proper file_permissions.db
+   
+
+=item * 
+
+get_access_controls():
+
+Args:
+  current_permissions: the hash ref returned from get_portfile_permissions()
+  group: (optional) the group you want the files associated with
+  file: (optional) the file you want access info on
+
+Returns:
+    a hash (keys are file names) of hashes containing
+        keys are: path to file/file_name\0uniqueID:scope_end_start (see below)
+        values are XML containing access control settings (see below) 
+
+Internal notes:
+
+ access controls are stored in file_permissions.db as key=value pairs.
+    key -> path to file/file_name\0uniqueID:scope_end_start
+        where scope -> public,guest,course,group,domains or users.
+              end -> UNIX time for end of access (0 -> no end date)
+              start -> UNIX time for start of access
+
+    value -> XML description of access control
+           <scope type=""> (type =1 of: public,guest,course,group,domains,users">
+            <start></start>
+            <end></end>
+
+            <password></password>  for scope type = guest
+
+            <domain></domain>     for scope type = course or group
+            <number></number>
+            <roles id="">
+             <role></role>
+             <access></access>
+             <section></section>
+             <group></group>
+            </roles>
+
+            <dom></dom>         for scope type = domains
+
+            <users>             for scope type = users
+             <user>
+              <uname></uname>
+              <udom></udom>
+             </user>
+            </users>
+           </scope> 
+              
+ Access data is also aggregated for each file in an additional key=value pair:
+ key -> path to file/file_name\0accesscontrol 
+ value -> reference to hash
+          hash contains key = value pairs
+          where key = uniqueID:scope_end_start
+                value = UNIX time record was last updated
+
+          Used to improve speed of look-ups of access controls for each file.  
+ 
+ Locks on files (resulting from submission of portfolio file to a homework problem stored in array of arrays.
+
+parse_access_controls():
+
+Parses XML of an access control record
+Args
+1. Text string (XML) of access comtrol record
+
+Returns:
+1. Hash of access control settings. 
+
+modify_access_controls():
+
+Modifies access controls for a portfolio file
+Args
+1. file name
+2. reference to hash of required changes,
+3. domain
+4. username
+  where domain,username are the domain of the portfolio owner 
+  (either a user or a course) 
+
+Returns:
+1. result of additions or updates ('ok' or 'error', with error message). 
+2. result of deletions ('ok' or 'error', with error message).
+3. reference to hash of any new or updated access controls.
+4. reference to hash used to map incoming IDs to uniqueIDs assigned to control.
+   key = integer (inbound ID)
+   value = uniqueID  
+
+=back
+
+=head2 HTTP Helper Routines
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+escape() : unpack non-word characters into CGI-compatible hex codes
+
+=item *
+
+unescape() : pack CGI-compatible hex codes into actual non-word ASCII character
+
+=back
+
+=head1 PRIVATE SUBROUTINES
+
+=head2 Underlying communication routines (Shouldn't call)
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+subreply() : tries to pass a message to lonc, returns con_lost if incapable
+
+=item *
+
+reply() : uses subreply to send a message to remote machine, logs all failures
+
+=item *
+
+critical() : passes a critical message to another server; if cannot
+get through then place message in connection buffer directory and
+returns con_delayed, if incapable of saving message, returns
+con_failed
+
+=item *
+
+reconlonc() : tries to reconnect lonc client processes.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Resource Access Logging
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+flushcourselogs() : flush (save) buffer logs and access logs
+
+=item *
+
+courselog($what) : save message for course in hash
+
+=item *
+
+courseacclog($what) : save message for course using &courselog().  Perform
+special processing for specific resource types (problems, exams, quizzes, etc).
+
+=item *
+
+goodbye() : flush course logs and log shutting down; it is called in srm.conf
+as a PerlChildExitHandler
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Other
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+symblist($mapname,%newhash) : update symbolic storage links
+
+=back
+
+=cut