--- loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2002/10/03 22:32:53	1.291
+++ loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2018/07/18 13:45:03	1.1379
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network
 # TCP networking package
 #
-# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.291 2002/10/03 22:32:53 albertel Exp $
+# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.1379 2018/07/18 13:45:03 raeburn Exp $
 #
 # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
 #
@@ -25,75 +25,128 @@
 #
 # http://www.lon-capa.org/
 #
-# 6/1/99,6/2,6/10,6/11,6/12,6/14,6/26,6/28,6/29,6/30,
-# 7/1,7/2,7/9,7/10,7/12,7/14,7/15,7/19,
-# 11/8,11/16,11/18,11/22,11/23,12/22,
-# 01/06,01/13,02/24,02/28,02/29,
-# 03/01,03/02,03/06,03/07,03/13,
-# 04/05,05/29,05/31,06/01,
-# 06/05,06/26 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 06/26 Ben Tyszka
-# 06/30,07/15,07/17,07/18,07/20,07/21,07/22,07/25 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 08/14 Ben Tyszka
-# 08/22,08/28,08/31,09/01,09/02,09/04,09/05,09/25,09/28,09/30 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 10/04 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 10/04 Guy Albertelli
-# 10/06,10/09,10/10,10/11,10/14,10/20,10/23,10/25,10/26,10/27,10/28,10/29, 
-# 10/30,10/31,
-# 11/2,11/14,11/15,11/16,11/20,11/21,11/22,11/25,11/27,
-# 12/02,12/12,12/13,12/14,12/28,12/29 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 05/01/01 Guy Albertelli
-# 05/01,06/01,09/01 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 09/01 Guy Albertelli
-# 09/01,10/01,11/01 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# YEAR=2001
-# 02/27/01 Scott Harrison
-# 3/2 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 3/15,3/19 Scott Harrison
-# 3/19,3/20 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 3/22,3/27,4/2,4/16,4/17 Scott Harrison
-# 5/26,5/28 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 5/30 H. K. Ng
-# 6/1 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# July Guy Albertelli
-# 8/4,8/7,8/8,8/9,8/11,8/16,8/17,8/18,8/20,8/23,9/20,9/21,9/26,
-# 10/2 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 10/5,10/10,11/13,11/15 Scott Harrison
-# 11/17,11/20,11/22,11/29 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 12/5 Matthew Hall
-# 12/5 Guy Albertelli
-# 12/6,12/7,12/12 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# 12/18 Scott Harrison
-# 12/21,12/22,12/27,12/28 Gerd Kortemeyer
-# YEAR=2002
-# 1/4,2/4,2/7 Gerd Kortemeyer
-#
 ###
 
+=pod
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Apache::lonnet.pm
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+This file is an interface to the lonc processes of
+the LON-CAPA network as well as set of elaborated functions for handling information
+necessary for navigating through a given cluster of LON-CAPA machines within a
+domain. There are over 40 specialized functions in this module which handle the
+reading and transmission of metadata, user information (ids, names, environments, roles,
+logs), file information (storage, reading, directories, extensions, replication, embedded
+styles and descriptors), educational resources (course descriptions, section names and
+numbers), url hashing (to assign roles on a url basis), and translating abbreviated symbols to
+and from more descriptive phrases or explanations.
+
+This is part of the LearningOnline Network with CAPA project
+described at http://www.lon-capa.org.
+
+=head1 Package Variables
+
+These are largely undocumented, so if you decipher one please note it here.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item $processmarker
+
+Contains the time this process was started and this servers host id.
+
+=item $dumpcount
+
+Counts the number of times a message log flush has been attempted (regardless
+of success) by this process.  Used as part of the filename when messages are
+delayed.
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
 package Apache::lonnet;
 
 use strict;
-use Apache::File;
-use LWP::UserAgent();
-use HTTP::Headers;
-use vars 
-qw(%perlvar %hostname %homecache %badServerCache %hostip %spareid %hostdom 
-   %libserv %pr %prp %metacache %packagetab 
-   %courselogs %accesshash $processmarker $dumpcount 
-   %coursedombuf %coursehombuf %courseresdatacache %domaindescription);
+use HTTP::Date;
+use Image::Magick;
+
+
+use Encode;
+
+use vars qw(%perlvar %spareid %pr %prp $memcache %packagetab $tmpdir
+            $_64bit %env %protocol %loncaparevs %serverhomeIDs %needsrelease
+            %managerstab);
+
+my (%badServerCache, $memcache, %courselogs, %accesshash, %domainrolehash,
+    %userrolehash, $processmarker, $dumpcount, %coursedombuf,
+    %coursenumbuf, %coursehombuf, %coursedescrbuf, %courseinstcodebuf,
+    %courseownerbuf, %coursetypebuf,$locknum);
+
 use IO::Socket;
 use GDBM_File;
-use Apache::Constants qw(:common :http);
 use HTML::LCParser;
 use Fcntl qw(:flock);
+use Storable qw(thaw nfreeze);
+use Time::HiRes qw( sleep gettimeofday tv_interval );
+use Cache::Memcached;
+use Digest::MD5;
+use Math::Random;
+use File::MMagic;
+use LONCAPA qw(:DEFAULT :match);
+use LONCAPA::Configuration;
+use LONCAPA::lonmetadata;
+use LONCAPA::Lond;
+use LONCAPA::LWPReq;
+
+use File::Copy;
+
 my $readit;
+my $max_connection_retries = 20;     # Or some such value.
+
+require Exporter;
+
+our @ISA = qw (Exporter);
+our @EXPORT = qw(%env);
+
 
-# --------------------------------------------------------------------- Logging
+# ------------------------------------ Logging (parameters, docs, slots, roles)
+{
+    my $logid;
+    sub write_log {
+	my ($context,$hash_name,$storehash,$delflag,$uname,$udom,$cnum,$cdom)=@_;
+        if ($context eq 'course') {
+            if (($cnum eq '') || ($cdom eq '')) {
+                $cnum = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+                $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+            }
+        }
+	$logid ++;
+        my $now = time();
+	my $id=$now.'00000'.$$.'00000'.$logid;
+        my $logentry = { 
+                          $id => {
+                                   'exe_uname' => $env{'user.name'},
+                                   'exe_udom'  => $env{'user.domain'},
+                                   'exe_time'  => $now,
+                                   'exe_ip'    => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'},
+                                   'delflag'   => $delflag,
+                                   'logentry'  => $storehash,
+                                   'uname'     => $uname,
+                                   'udom'      => $udom,
+                                  }
+                       };
+	return &put('nohist_'.$hash_name,$logentry,$cdom,$cnum);
+    }
+}
 
 sub logtouch {
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-    unless (-e "$execdir/logs/lonnet.log") {
-	my $fh=Apache::File->new(">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.log");
+    unless (-e "$execdir/logs/lonnet.log") {	
+	open(my $fh,">>","$execdir/logs/lonnet.log");
 	close $fh;
     }
     my ($wwwuid,$wwwgid)=(getpwnam('www'))[2,3];
@@ -105,8 +158,11 @@ sub logthis {
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     my $now=time;
     my $local=localtime($now);
-    my $fh=Apache::File->new(">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.log");
-    print $fh "$local ($$): $message\n";
+    if (open(my $fh,">>","$execdir/logs/lonnet.log")) {
+	my $logstring = $local. " ($$): ".$message."\n"; # Keep any \'s in string.
+	print $fh $logstring;
+	close($fh);
+    }
     return 1;
 }
 
@@ -115,48 +171,292 @@ sub logperm {
     my $execdir=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
     my $now=time;
     my $local=localtime($now);
-    my $fh=Apache::File->new(">>$execdir/logs/lonnet.perm.log");
-    print $fh "$now:$message:$local\n";
+    if (open(my $fh,">>","$execdir/logs/lonnet.perm.log")) {
+	print $fh "$now:$message:$local\n";
+	close($fh);
+    }
     return 1;
 }
 
+sub create_connection {
+    my ($hostname,$lonid) = @_;
+    my $client=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    => $perlvar{'lonSockCreate'},
+				     Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
+				     Timeout => 10);
+    return 0 if (!$client);
+    print $client (join(':',$hostname,$lonid,&machine_ids($hostname))."\n");
+    my $result = <$client>;
+    chomp($result);
+    return 1 if ($result eq 'done');
+    return 0;
+}
+
+sub get_server_timezone {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom) = @_;
+    my $home=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    if ($home ne 'no_host') {
+        my $cachetime = 24*3600;
+        my ($timezone,$cached)=&is_cached_new('servertimezone',$home);
+        if (defined($cached)) {
+            return $timezone;
+        } else {
+            my $timezone = &reply('servertimezone',$home);
+            return &do_cache_new('servertimezone',$home,$timezone,$cachetime);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_server_distarch {
+    my ($lonhost,$ignore_cache) = @_;
+    if (defined($lonhost)) {
+        if (!defined(&hostname($lonhost))) {
+            return;
+        }
+        my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+        if (!$ignore_cache) {
+            my ($distarch,$cached)=&is_cached_new('serverdistarch',$lonhost);
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                return $distarch;
+            }
+        }
+        my $rep = &reply('serverdistarch',$lonhost);
+        unless ($rep eq 'unknown_command' || $rep eq 'no_such_host' ||
+                $rep eq 'con_lost' || $rep eq 'rejected' || $rep eq 'refused' ||
+                $rep eq '') {
+            return &do_cache_new('serverdistarch',$lonhost,$rep,$cachetime);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub get_servercerts_info {
+    my ($lonhost,$context) = @_;
+    my ($rep,$uselocal);
+    if (grep { $_ eq $lonhost } &current_machine_ids()) {
+        $uselocal = 1;
+    }
+    if (($context ne 'cgi') && ($uselocal)) {
+        my $distro = (split(/\:/,&get_server_distarch($lonhost)))[0];
+        if ($distro eq '') {
+            $uselocal = 0;
+        } elsif ($distro =~ /^(?:centos|redhat|scientific)(\d+)$/) {
+            if ($1 < 6) {
+                $uselocal = 0;
+            }
+        }  elsif ($distro =~ /^(?:sles)(\d+)$/) {
+            if ($1 < 12) {
+                $uselocal = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($uselocal) {
+        $rep = LONCAPA::Lond::server_certs(\%perlvar);
+    } else {
+        $rep=&reply('servercerts',$lonhost);
+    }
+    my ($result,%returnhash);
+    if (defined($lonhost)) {
+        if (!defined(&hostname($lonhost))) {
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    if (($rep=~/^(refused|rejected|error)/) || ($rep eq 'con_lost') ||
+        ($rep eq 'unknown_cmd')) {
+        $result = $rep;
+    } else {
+        $result = 'ok';
+        my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+        foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+            my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+            my $what = &unescape($key);
+            $returnhash{$what}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+        }
+    }
+    return ($result,\%returnhash);
+}
+
+sub get_server_loncaparev {
+    my ($dom,$lonhost,$ignore_cache,$caller) = @_;
+    if (defined($lonhost)) {
+        if (!defined(&hostname($lonhost))) {
+            undef($lonhost);
+        }
+    }
+    if (!defined($lonhost)) {
+        if (defined(&domain($dom,'primary'))) {
+            $lonhost=&domain($dom,'primary');
+            if ($lonhost eq 'no_host') {
+                undef($lonhost);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (defined($lonhost)) {
+        my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+        if (!$ignore_cache) {
+            my ($loncaparev,$cached)=&is_cached_new('serverloncaparev',$lonhost);
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                return $loncaparev;
+            }
+        }
+        my ($answer,$loncaparev);
+        my @ids=&current_machine_ids();
+        if (grep(/^\Q$lonhost\E$/,@ids)) {
+            $answer = $perlvar{'lonVersion'};
+            if ($answer =~ /^[\'\"]?([\w.\-]+)[\'\"]?$/) {
+                $loncaparev = $1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            $answer = &reply('serverloncaparev',$lonhost);
+            if (($answer eq 'unknown_cmd') || ($answer eq 'con_lost')) {
+                if ($caller eq 'loncron') {
+                    my $protocol = $protocol{$lonhost};
+                    $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+                    my $url = $protocol.'://'.&hostname($lonhost).'/adm/about.html';
+                    my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$url);
+                    my $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($lonhost,$request,'',\%perlvar,4,1);
+                    unless ($response->is_error()) {
+                        my $content = $response->content;
+                        if ($content =~ /<p>VERSION\:\s*([\w.\-]+)<\/p>/) {
+                            $loncaparev = $1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $loncaparev = $loncaparevs{$lonhost};
+                }
+            } elsif ($answer =~ /^[\'\"]?([\w.\-]+)[\'\"]?$/) {
+                $loncaparev = $1;
+            }
+        }
+        return &do_cache_new('serverloncaparev',$lonhost,$loncaparev,$cachetime);
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_server_homeID {
+    my ($hostname,$ignore_cache,$caller) = @_;
+    unless ($ignore_cache) {
+        my ($serverhomeID,$cached)=&is_cached_new('serverhomeID',$hostname);
+        if (defined($cached)) {
+            return $serverhomeID;
+        }
+    }
+    my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+    my $serverhomeID;
+    if ($caller eq 'loncron') { 
+        my @machine_ids = &machine_ids($hostname);
+        foreach my $id (@machine_ids) {
+            my $response = &reply('serverhomeID',$id);
+            unless (($response eq 'unknown_cmd') || ($response eq 'con_lost')) {
+                $serverhomeID = $response;
+                last;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($serverhomeID eq '') {
+            $serverhomeID = $machine_ids[-1];
+        }
+    } else {
+        $serverhomeID = $serverhomeIDs{$hostname};
+    }
+    return &do_cache_new('serverhomeID',$hostname,$serverhomeID,$cachetime);
+}
+
+sub get_remote_globals {
+    my ($lonhost,$whathash,$ignore_cache) = @_;
+    my ($result,%returnhash,%whatneeded);
+    if (ref($whathash) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $what (sort(keys(%{$whathash}))) {
+            my $hashid = $lonhost.'-'.$what;
+            my ($response,$cached);
+            unless ($ignore_cache) {
+                ($response,$cached)=&is_cached_new('lonnetglobal',$hashid);
+            }
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                $returnhash{$what} = $response;
+            } else {
+                $whatneeded{$what} = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (keys(%whatneeded) == 0) {
+            $result = 'ok';
+        } else {
+            my $requested = &freeze_escape(\%whatneeded);
+            my $rep=&reply('readlonnetglobal:'.$requested,$lonhost);
+            if (($rep=~/^(refused|rejected|error)/) || ($rep eq 'con_lost') ||
+                ($rep eq 'unknown_cmd')) {
+                $result = $rep;
+            } else {
+                $result = 'ok';
+                my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+                foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+                    my $what = &unescape($key);
+                    my $hashid = $lonhost.'-'.$what;
+                    $returnhash{$what}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+                    &do_cache_new('lonnetglobal',$hashid,$returnhash{$what},600);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($result,\%returnhash);
+}
+
+sub remote_devalidate_cache {
+    my ($lonhost,$cachekeys) = @_;
+    my $items;
+    return unless (ref($cachekeys) eq 'ARRAY');
+    my $cachestr = join('&',@{$cachekeys});
+    my $response = &reply('devalidatecache:'.&escape($cachestr),$lonhost);
+    return $response;
+}
+
 # -------------------------------------------------- Non-critical communication
 sub subreply {
     my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
-    my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server";
-    my $client=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    =>"$peerfile",
-                                     Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
-                                     Timeout => 10)
-       or return "con_lost";
-    print $client "$cmd\n";
-    my $answer=<$client>;
-    if (!$answer) { $answer="con_lost"; }
-    chomp($answer);
+    my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/".&hostname($server);
+    #
+    #  With loncnew process trimming, there's a timing hole between lonc server
+    #  process exit and the master server picking up the listen on the AF_UNIX
+    #  socket.  In that time interval, a lock file will exist:
+
+    my $lockfile=$peerfile.".lock";
+    while (-e $lockfile) {	# Need to wait for the lockfile to disappear.
+	sleep(0.1);
+    }
+    # At this point, either a loncnew parent is listening or an old lonc
+    # or loncnew child is listening so we can connect or everything's dead.
+    #
+    #   We'll give the connection a few tries before abandoning it.  If
+    #   connection is not possible, we'll con_lost back to the client.
+    #   
+    my $client;
+    for (my $retries = 0; $retries < $max_connection_retries; $retries++) {
+	$client=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    =>"$peerfile",
+				      Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
+				      Timeout => 10);
+	if ($client) {
+	    last;		# Connected!
+	} else {
+	    &create_connection(&hostname($server),$server);
+	}
+        sleep(0.1);	# Try again later if failed connection.
+    }
+    my $answer;
+    if ($client) {
+	print $client "sethost:$server:$cmd\n";
+	$answer=<$client>;
+	if (!$answer) { $answer="con_lost"; }
+	chomp($answer);
+    } else {
+	$answer = 'con_lost';	# Failed connection.
+    }
     return $answer;
 }
 
 sub reply {
     my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
-    unless (defined($hostname{$server})) { return 'no_such_host'; }
+    unless (defined(&hostname($server))) { return 'no_such_host'; }
     my $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
-    if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
-       #sleep 5; 
-       #$answer=subreply($cmd,$server);
-       #if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
-	#   &logthis("Second attempt con_lost on $server");
-        #   my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server";
-        #   my $client=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    =>"$peerfile",
-        #                                    Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
-        #                                    Timeout => 10)
-        #              or return "con_lost";
-        #   &logthis("Killing socket");
-        #   print $client "close_connection_exit\n";
-           #sleep 5;
-        #   $answer=subreply($cmd,$server);       
-       #}   
-    }
     if (($answer=~/^refused/) || ($answer=~/^rejected/)) {
-       &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING:".
+       &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
                 " $cmd to $server returned $answer</font>");
     }
     return $answer;
@@ -165,29 +465,40 @@ sub reply {
 # ----------------------------------------------------------- Send USR1 to lonc
 
 sub reconlonc {
-    my $peerfile=shift;
-    &logthis("Trying to reconnect for $peerfile");
+    my ($lonid) = @_;
+    if ($lonid) {
+        my $hostname = &hostname($lonid);
+	my $peerfile="$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$hostname";
+	if ($hostname && -e $peerfile) {
+	    &logthis("Trying to reconnect lonc for $lonid ($hostname)");
+	    my $client=IO::Socket::UNIX->new(Peer    => $peerfile,
+					     Type    => SOCK_STREAM,
+					     Timeout => 10);
+	    if ($client) {
+		print $client ("reset_retries\n");
+		my $answer=<$client>;
+		#reset just this one.
+	    }
+	}
+	return;
+    }
+
+    &logthis("Trying to reconnect lonc");
     my $loncfile="$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}/logs/lonc.pid";
-    if (my $fh=Apache::File->new("$loncfile")) {
+    if (open(my $fh,"<",$loncfile)) {
 	my $loncpid=<$fh>;
         chomp($loncpid);
         if (kill 0 => $loncpid) {
 	    &logthis("lonc at pid $loncpid responding, sending USR1");
             kill USR1 => $loncpid;
             sleep 1;
-            if (-e "$peerfile") { return; }
-            &logthis("$peerfile still not there, give it another try");
-            sleep 5;
-            if (-e "$peerfile") { return; }
-            &logthis(
-  "<font color=blue>WARNING: $peerfile still not there, giving up</font>");
         } else {
 	    &logthis(
-               "<font color=blue>WARNING:".
+               "<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
                " lonc at pid $loncpid not responding, giving up</font>");
         }
     } else {
-     &logthis('<font color=blue>WARNING: lonc not running, giving up</font>');
+	&logthis('<font color="blue">WARNING: lonc not running, giving up</font>');
     }
 }
 
@@ -195,47 +506,47 @@ sub reconlonc {
 
 sub critical {
     my ($cmd,$server)=@_;
-    unless ($hostname{$server}) {
-        &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING:".
+    unless (&hostname($server)) {
+        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
                " Critical message to unknown server ($server)</font>");
         return 'no_such_host';
     }
     my $answer=reply($cmd,$server);
     if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
-        my $pingreply=reply('ping',$server);
-	&reconlonc("$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/$server");
-        my $pongreply=reply('pong',$server);
-        &logthis("Ping/Pong for $server: $pingreply/$pongreply");
-        $answer=reply($cmd,$server);
+	&reconlonc($server);
+	my $answer=reply($cmd,$server);
         if ($answer eq 'con_lost') {
             my $now=time;
             my $middlename=$cmd;
             $middlename=substr($middlename,0,16);
             $middlename=~s/\W//g;
             my $dfilename=
-             "$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/delayed/$now.$middlename.$server";
+      "$perlvar{'lonSockDir'}/delayed/$now.$dumpcount.$$.$middlename.$server";
+            $dumpcount++;
             {
-             my $dfh;
-             if ($dfh=Apache::File->new(">$dfilename")) {
-                print $dfh "$cmd\n";
-	     }
+		my $dfh;
+		if (open($dfh,">",$dfilename)) {
+		    print $dfh "$cmd\n"; 
+		    close($dfh);
+		}
             }
-            sleep 2;
+            sleep 1;
             my $wcmd='';
             {
-	     my $dfh;
-             if ($dfh=Apache::File->new("$dfilename")) {
-                $wcmd=<$dfh>;
-	     }
+		my $dfh;
+		if (open($dfh,"<",$dfilename)) {
+		    $wcmd=<$dfh>; 
+		    close($dfh);
+		}
             }
             chomp($wcmd);
             if ($wcmd eq $cmd) {
-		&logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
+		&logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
                          "Connection buffer $dfilename: $cmd</font>");
                 &logperm("D:$server:$cmd");
 	        return 'con_delayed';
             } else {
-                &logthis("<font color=red>CRITICAL:"
+                &logthis("<font color=\"red\">CRITICAL:"
                         ." Critical connection failed: $server $cmd</font>");
                 &logperm("F:$server:$cmd");
                 return 'con_failed';
@@ -245,156 +556,550 @@ sub critical {
     return $answer;
 }
 
-# ---------------------------------------------------------- Append Environment
+# ------------------------------------------- check if return value is an error
 
-sub appenv {
-    my %newenv=@_;
-    foreach (keys %newenv) {
-	if (($newenv{$_}=~/^user\.role/) || ($newenv{$_}=~/^user\.priv/)) {
-            &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                "Attempt to modify environment ".$_." to ".$newenv{$_}
-                .'</font>');
-	    delete($newenv{$_});
-        } else {
-            $ENV{$_}=$newenv{$_};
-        }
+sub error {
+    my ($result) = @_;
+    if ($result =~ /^(con_lost|no_such_host|error: (\d+) (.*))/) {
+	if ($2 == 2) { return undef; }
+	return $1;
     }
+    return undef;
+}
+
+sub convert_and_load_session_env {
+    my ($lonidsdir,$handle)=@_;
+    my @profile;
+    {
+	my $opened = open(my $idf,'+<',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
+	if (!$opened) {
+	    return 0;
+	}
+	flock($idf,LOCK_SH);
+	@profile=<$idf>;
+	close($idf);
+    }
+    my %temp_env;
+    foreach my $line (@profile) {
+	if ($line !~ m/=/) {
+	    return 0;
+	}
+	chomp($line);
+	my ($envname,$envvalue)=split(/=/,$line,2);
+	$temp_env{&unescape($envname)} = &unescape($envvalue);
+    }
+    unlink("$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
+    if (tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id",&GDBM_WRCREAT(),
+	    0640)) {
+	%disk_env = %temp_env;
+	@env{keys(%temp_env)} = @disk_env{keys(%temp_env)};
+	untie(%disk_env);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------- Transfer profile into environment
+my $env_loaded;
+sub transfer_profile_to_env {
+    my ($lonidsdir,$handle,$force_transfer) = @_;
+    if (!$force_transfer && $env_loaded) { return; } 
 
-    my $lockfh;
-    unless ($lockfh=Apache::File->new("$ENV{'user.environment'}")) {
-       return 'error: '.$!;
+    if (!defined($lonidsdir)) {
+	$lonidsdir = $perlvar{'lonIDsDir'};
     }
-    unless (flock($lockfh,LOCK_EX)) {
-         &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                  'Could not obtain exclusive lock in appenv: '.$!);
-         $lockfh->close();
-         return 'error: '.$!;
+    if (!defined($handle)) {
+        ($handle) = ($env{'user.environment'} =~m|/([^/]+)\.id$| );
     }
 
-    my @oldenv;
+    my $convert;
     {
-     my $fh;
-     unless ($fh=Apache::File->new("$ENV{'user.environment'}")) {
-	return 'error: '.$!;
-     }
-     @oldenv=<$fh>;
-     $fh->close();
+    	my $opened = open(my $idf,'+<',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
+	if (!$opened) {
+	    return;
+	}
+	flock($idf,LOCK_SH);
+	if (tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id",
+		&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+	    @env{keys(%disk_env)} = @disk_env{keys(%disk_env)};
+	    untie(%disk_env);
+	} else {
+	    $convert = 1;
+	}
     }
-    for (my $i=0; $i<=$#oldenv; $i++) {
-        chomp($oldenv[$i]);
-        if ($oldenv[$i] ne '') {
-           my ($name,$value)=split(/=/,$oldenv[$i]);
-           unless (defined($newenv{$name})) {
-	      $newenv{$name}=$value;
-	   }
+    if ($convert) {
+	if (!&convert_and_load_session_env($lonidsdir,$handle)) {
+	    &logthis("Failed to load session, or convert session.");
+	}
+    }
+
+    my %remove;
+    while ( my $envname = each(%env) ) {
+        if (my ($key,$time) = ($envname =~ /^(cgi\.(\d+)_\d+\.)/)) {
+            if ($time < time-300) {
+                $remove{$key}++;
+            }
         }
     }
-    {
-     my $fh;
-     unless ($fh=Apache::File->new(">$ENV{'user.environment'}")) {
-	return 'error';
-     }
-     my $newname;
-     foreach $newname (keys %newenv) {
-	 print $fh "$newname=$newenv{$newname}\n";
-     }
-     $fh->close();
+
+    $env{'user.environment'} = "$lonidsdir/$handle.id";
+    $env_loaded=1;
+    foreach my $expired_key (keys(%remove)) {
+        &delenv($expired_key);
+    }
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------- Check for valid session 
+sub check_for_valid_session {
+    my ($r,$name,$userhashref,$domref) = @_;
+    my %cookies=CGI::Cookie->parse($r->header_in('Cookie'));
+    my ($lonidsdir,$linkname,$pubname,$secure,$lonid);
+    if ($name eq 'lonDAV') {
+        $lonidsdir=$r->dir_config('lonDAVsessDir');
+    } else {
+        $lonidsdir=$r->dir_config('lonIDsDir');
+        if ($name eq '') {
+            $name = 'lonID';
+        }
+    }
+    if ($name eq 'lonID') {
+        $secure = 'lonSID';
+        $linkname = 'lonLinkID';
+        $pubname = 'lonPubID';
+        if (exists($cookies{$secure})) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$secure};
+        } elsif (exists($cookies{$name})) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$name};
+        } elsif (exists($cookies{$linkname})) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$linkname};
+        } elsif (exists($cookies{$pubname})) {
+            $lonid=$cookies{$pubname};
+        }
+    } else {
+        $lonid=$cookies{$name};
+    }
+    return undef if (!$lonid);
+
+    my $handle=&LONCAPA::clean_handle($lonid->value);
+    if (-l "$lonidsdir/$handle.id") {
+        my $link = readlink("$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
+        if ((-e $link) && ($link =~ m{^\Q$lonidsdir\E/(.+)\.id$})) {
+            $handle = $1;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!-e "$lonidsdir/$handle.id") {
+        if ((ref($domref)) && ($name eq 'lonID') && 
+            ($handle =~ /^($match_username)\_\d+\_($match_domain)\_(.+)$/)) {
+            my ($possuname,$possudom,$possuhome) = ($1,$2,$3);
+            if ((&domain($possudom) ne '') && (&homeserver($possuname,$possudom) eq $possuhome)) {
+                $$domref = $possudom;
+            }
+        }
+        return undef;
+    }
+
+    my $opened = open(my $idf,'+<',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id");
+    return undef if (!$opened);
+
+    flock($idf,LOCK_SH);
+    my %disk_env;
+    if (!tie(%disk_env,'GDBM_File',"$lonidsdir/$handle.id",
+	    &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+	return undef;	
+    }
+
+    if (!defined($disk_env{'user.name'})
+	|| !defined($disk_env{'user.domain'})) {
+	return undef;
+    }
+
+    if (ref($userhashref) eq 'HASH') {
+        $userhashref->{'name'} = $disk_env{'user.name'};
+        $userhashref->{'domain'} = $disk_env{'user.domain'};
+        $userhashref->{'lti'} = $disk_env{'request.lti.login'};
+        if ($userhashref->{'lti'}) {
+            $userhashref->{'ltitarget'} = $disk_env{'request.lti.target'};
+            $userhashref->{'ltiuri'} = $disk_env{'request.lti.uri'};
+        }
     }
 
-    $lockfh->close();
+    return $handle;
+}
+
+sub timed_flock {
+    my ($file,$lock_type) = @_;
+    my $failed=0;
+    eval {
+	local $SIG{__DIE__}='DEFAULT';
+	local $SIG{ALRM}=sub {
+	    $failed=1;
+	    die("failed lock");
+	};
+	alarm(13);
+	flock($file,$lock_type);
+	alarm(0);
+    };
+    if ($failed) {
+	return undef;
+    } else {
+	return 1;
+    }
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Append Environment
+
+sub appenv {
+    my ($newenv,$roles) = @_;
+    if (ref($newenv) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $key (keys(%{$newenv})) {
+            my $refused = 0;
+	    if (($key =~ /^user\.role/) || ($key =~ /^user\.priv/)) {
+                $refused = 1;
+                if (ref($roles) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    my ($type,$role) = ($key =~ m{^user\.(role|priv)\.(.+?)\./});
+                    if (grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@{$roles})) {
+                        $refused = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($refused) {
+                &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
+                         "Attempt to modify environment ".$key." to ".$newenv->{$key}
+                         .'</font>');
+	        delete($newenv->{$key});
+            } else {
+                $env{$key}=$newenv->{$key};
+            }
+        }
+        my $lonids = $perlvar{'lonIDsDir'};
+        if ($env{'user.environment'} =~ m{^\Q$lonids/\E$match_username\_\d+\_$match_domain\_[\w\-.]+\.id$}) {
+            my $opened = open(my $env_file,'+<',$env{'user.environment'});
+            if ($opened
+	        && &timed_flock($env_file,LOCK_EX)
+	        &&
+	        tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',$env{'user.environment'},
+	            (&GDBM_WRITER()|&GDBM_NOLOCK()),0640)) {
+	        while (my ($key,$value) = each(%{$newenv})) {
+	            $disk_env{$key} = $value;
+	        }
+	        untie(%disk_env);
+            }
+        }
+    }
     return 'ok';
 }
 # ----------------------------------------------------- Delete from Environment
 
 sub delenv {
-    my $delthis=shift;
-    my %newenv=();
-    if (($delthis=~/user\.role/) || ($delthis=~/user\.priv/)) {
-        &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                "Attempt to delete from environment ".$delthis);
-        return 'error';
-    }
-    my @oldenv;
-    {
-     my $fh;
-     unless ($fh=Apache::File->new("$ENV{'user.environment'}")) {
-	return 'error';
-     }
-     unless (flock($fh,LOCK_SH)) {
-         &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                  'Could not obtain shared lock in delenv: '.$!);
-         $fh->close();
-         return 'error: '.$!;
-     }
-     @oldenv=<$fh>;
-     $fh->close();
+    my ($delthis,$regexp,$roles) = @_;
+    if (($delthis=~/^user\.role/) || ($delthis=~/^user\.priv/)) {
+        my $refused = 1;
+        if (ref($roles) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            my ($type,$role) = ($delthis =~ /^user\.(role|priv)\.([^.]+)\./);
+            if (grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@{$roles})) {
+                $refused = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($refused) {
+            &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
+                     "Attempt to delete from environment ".$delthis);
+            return 'error';
+        }
     }
-    {
-     my $fh;
-     unless ($fh=Apache::File->new(">$ENV{'user.environment'}")) {
-	return 'error';
-     }
-     unless (flock($fh,LOCK_EX)) {
-         &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                  'Could not obtain exclusive lock in delenv: '.$!);
-         $fh->close();
-         return 'error: '.$!;
-     }
-     foreach (@oldenv) {
-	 unless ($_=~/^$delthis/) { print $fh $_; }
-     }
-     $fh->close();
+    my $opened = open(my $env_file,'+<',$env{'user.environment'});
+    if ($opened
+	&& &timed_flock($env_file,LOCK_EX)
+	&&
+	tie(my %disk_env,'GDBM_File',$env{'user.environment'},
+	    (&GDBM_WRITER()|&GDBM_NOLOCK()),0640)) {
+	foreach my $key (keys(%disk_env)) {
+	    if ($regexp) {
+                if ($key=~/^$delthis/) {
+                    delete($env{$key});
+                    delete($disk_env{$key});
+                } 
+            } else {
+                if ($key=~/^\Q$delthis\E/) {
+		    delete($env{$key});
+		    delete($disk_env{$key});
+	        }
+            }
+	}
+	untie(%disk_env);
     }
     return 'ok';
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------ Fight off request when overloaded
+sub get_env_multiple {
+    my ($name) = @_;
+    my @values;
+    if (defined($env{$name})) {
+        # exists is it an array
+        if (ref($env{$name})) {
+            @values=@{ $env{$name} };
+        } else {
+            $values[0]=$env{$name};
+        }
+    }
+    return(@values);
+}
 
-sub overloaderror {
-    my ($r,$checkserver)=@_;
-    unless ($checkserver) { $checkserver=$perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
-    my $loadavg;
-    if ($checkserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
-       my $loadfile=Apache::File->new('/proc/loadavg');
-       $loadavg=<$loadfile>;
-       $loadavg =~ s/\s.*//g;
-       $loadavg = 100*$loadavg/$perlvar{'lonLoadLim'};
-    } else {
-       $loadavg=&reply('load',$checkserver);
-    }
-    my $overload=$loadavg-100;
-    if ($overload>0) {
-	$r->err_headers_out->{'Retry-After'}=$overload;
-        $r->log_error('Overload of '.$overload.' on '.$checkserver);
-        return 413;
-    }    
-    return '';
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------- Locking
+
+sub set_lock {
+    my ($text)=@_;
+    $locknum++;
+    my $id=$$.'-'.$locknum;
+    &appenv({'session.locks' => $env{'session.locks'}.','.$id,
+             'session.lock.'.$id => $text});
+    return $id;
+}
+
+sub get_locks {
+    my $num=0;
+    my %texts=();
+    foreach my $lock (split(/\,/,$env{'session.locks'})) {
+       if ($lock=~/\w/) {
+          $num++;
+          $texts{$lock}=$env{'session.lock.'.$lock};
+       }
+   }
+   return ($num,%texts);
+}
+
+sub remove_lock {
+    my ($id)=@_;
+    my $newlocks='';
+    foreach my $lock (split(/\,/,$env{'session.locks'})) {
+       if (($lock=~/\w/) && ($lock ne $id)) {
+          $newlocks.=','.$lock;
+       }
+    }
+    &appenv({'session.locks' => $newlocks});
+    &delenv('session.lock.'.$id);
+}
+
+sub remove_all_locks {
+    my $activelocks=$env{'session.locks'};
+    foreach my $lock (split(/\,/,$env{'session.locks'})) {
+       if ($lock=~/\w/) {
+          &remove_lock($lock);
+       }
+    }
+}
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------ Find out current server userload
+sub userload {
+    my $numusers=0;
+    {
+	opendir(LONIDS,$perlvar{'lonIDsDir'});
+	my $filename;
+	my $curtime=time;
+	while ($filename=readdir(LONIDS)) {
+	    next if ($filename eq '.' || $filename eq '..');
+	    next if ($filename =~ /publicuser_\d+\.id/);
+	    my ($mtime)=(stat($perlvar{'lonIDsDir'}.'/'.$filename))[9];
+	    if ($curtime-$mtime < 1800) { $numusers++; }
+	}
+	closedir(LONIDS);
+    }
+    my $userloadpercent=0;
+    my $maxuserload=$perlvar{'lonUserLoadLim'};
+    if ($maxuserload) {
+	$userloadpercent=100*$numusers/$maxuserload;
+    }
+    $userloadpercent=sprintf("%.2f",$userloadpercent);
+    return $userloadpercent;
 }
 
 # ------------------------------ Find server with least workload from spare.tab
 
 sub spareserver {
-    my $loadpercent = shift;
-    my $tryserver;
-    my $spareserver='';
-    my $lowestserver=$loadpercent; 
-    foreach $tryserver (keys %spareid) {
-       my $answer=reply('load',$tryserver);
-       if (($answer =~ /\d/) && ($answer<$lowestserver)) {
-	   $spareserver="http://$hostname{$tryserver}";
-           $lowestserver=$answer;
-       }
-    }    
-    return $spareserver;
+    my ($loadpercent,$userloadpercent,$want_server_name,$udom) = @_;
+    my $spare_server;
+    if ($userloadpercent !~ /\d/) { $userloadpercent=0; }
+    my $lowest_load=($loadpercent > $userloadpercent) ? $loadpercent 
+                                                     :  $userloadpercent;
+    my ($uint_dom,$remotesessions);
+    if (($udom ne '') && (&domain($udom) ne '')) {
+        my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
+        $uint_dom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+        my %udomdefaults = &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_defaults($udom);
+        $remotesessions = $udomdefaults{'remotesessions'};
+    }
+    my $spareshash = &this_host_spares($udom);
+    if (ref($spareshash) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($spareshash->{'primary'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareshash->{'primary'} }) {
+                next unless (&spare_can_host($udom,$uint_dom,$remotesessions,
+                                             $try_server));
+	        ($spare_server, $lowest_load) =
+	            &compare_server_load($try_server, $spare_server, $lowest_load);
+            }
+        }
+
+        my $found_server = ($spare_server ne '' && $lowest_load < 100);
+
+        if (!$found_server) {
+            if (ref($spareshash->{'default'}) eq 'ARRAY') { 
+	        foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareshash->{'default'} }) {
+                    next unless (&spare_can_host($udom,$uint_dom,
+                                                 $remotesessions,$try_server));
+	            ($spare_server, $lowest_load) =
+		        &compare_server_load($try_server, $spare_server, $lowest_load);
+                }
+	    }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!$want_server_name) {
+        my $protocol = 'http';
+        if ($protocol{$spare_server} eq 'https') {
+            $protocol = $protocol{$spare_server};
+        }
+        if (defined($spare_server)) {
+            my $hostname = &hostname($spare_server);
+            if (defined($hostname)) {
+	        $spare_server = $protocol.'://'.$hostname;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $spare_server;
+}
+
+sub compare_server_load {
+    my ($try_server, $spare_server, $lowest_load, $required) = @_;
+
+    if ($required) {
+        my ($reqdmajor,$reqdminor) = ($required =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)$/);
+        my $remoterev = &get_server_loncaparev(undef,$try_server);
+        my ($major,$minor) = ($remoterev =~ /^\'?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.[\w.\-]+\'?$/);
+        if (($major eq '' && $minor eq '') ||
+            (($reqdmajor > $major) || (($reqdmajor == $major) && ($reqdminor > $minor)))) {
+            return ($spare_server,$lowest_load);
+        }
+    }
+
+    my $loadans     = &reply('load',    $try_server);
+    my $userloadans = &reply('userload',$try_server);
+
+    if ($loadans !~ /\d/ && $userloadans !~ /\d/) {
+	return ($spare_server, $lowest_load); #didn't get a number from the server
+    }
+
+    my $load;
+    if ($loadans =~ /\d/) {
+	if ($userloadans =~ /\d/) {
+	    #both are numbers, pick the bigger one
+	    $load = ($loadans > $userloadans) ? $loadans 
+		                              : $userloadans;
+	} else {
+	    $load = $loadans;
+	}
+    } else {
+	$load = $userloadans;
+    }
+
+    if (($load =~ /\d/) && ($load < $lowest_load)) {
+	$spare_server = $try_server;
+	$lowest_load  = $load;
+    }
+    return ($spare_server,$lowest_load);
+}
+
+# --------------------------- ask offload servers if user already has a session
+sub find_existing_session {
+    my ($udom,$uname) = @_;
+    my $spareshash = &this_host_spares($udom);
+    if (ref($spareshash) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($spareshash->{'primary'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareshash->{'primary'} }) {
+                return $try_server if (&has_user_session($try_server, $udom, $uname));
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($spareshash->{'default'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareshash->{'default'} }) {
+                return $try_server if (&has_user_session($try_server, $udom, $uname));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+# -------------------------------- ask if server already has a session for user
+sub has_user_session {
+    my ($lonid,$udom,$uname) = @_;
+    my $result = &reply(join(':','userhassession',
+			     map {&escape($_)} ($udom,$uname)),$lonid);
+    return 1 if ($result eq 'ok');
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+# --------- determine least loaded server in a user's domain which allows login
+
+sub choose_server {
+    my ($udom,$checkloginvia,$required,$skiploadbal) = @_;
+    my %domconfhash = &Apache::loncommon::get_domainconf($udom);
+    my %servers = &get_servers($udom);
+    my $lowest_load = 30000;
+    my ($login_host,$hostname,$portal_path,$isredirect,$balancers);
+    if ($skiploadbal) {
+        ($balancers,my $cached)=&is_cached_new('loadbalancing',$udom);
+        unless (defined($cached)) {
+            my $cachetime = 60*60*24;
+            my %domconfig =
+                &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['loadbalancing'],$udom);
+            if (ref($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                $balancers = &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$udom,$domconfig{'loadbalancing'},
+                                           $cachetime);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    foreach my $lonhost (keys(%servers)) {
+        if ($skiploadbal) {
+            if (ref($balancers) eq 'HASH') {
+                next if (exists($balancers->{$lonhost}));
+            }
+        }   
+        my $loginvia;
+        if ($checkloginvia) {
+            $loginvia = $domconfhash{$udom.'.login.loginvia_'.$lonhost};
+            if ($loginvia) {
+                my ($server,$path) = split(/:/,$loginvia);
+                ($login_host, $lowest_load) =
+                    &compare_server_load($server, $login_host, $lowest_load, $required);
+                if ($login_host eq $server) {
+                    $portal_path = $path;
+                    $isredirect = 1;
+                }
+            } else {
+                ($login_host, $lowest_load) =
+                    &compare_server_load($lonhost, $login_host, $lowest_load, $required);
+                if ($login_host eq $lonhost) {
+                    $portal_path = '';
+                    $isredirect = ''; 
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            ($login_host, $lowest_load) =
+                &compare_server_load($lonhost, $login_host, $lowest_load, $required);
+        }
+    }
+    if ($login_host ne '') {
+        $hostname = &hostname($login_host);
+    }
+    return ($login_host,$hostname,$portal_path,$isredirect,$lowest_load);
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------- Try to change a user's password
 
 sub changepass {
-    my ($uname,$udom,$currentpass,$newpass,$server)=@_;
+    my ($uname,$udom,$currentpass,$newpass,$server,$context)=@_;
     $currentpass = &escape($currentpass);
     $newpass     = &escape($newpass);
-    my $answer = reply("encrypt:passwd:$udom:$uname:$currentpass:$newpass",
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $answer = reply("encrypt:passwd:$udom:$uname:$currentpass:$newpass:$context:$lonhost",
 		       $server);
     if (! $answer) {
 	&logthis("No reply on password change request to $server ".
@@ -419,6 +1124,9 @@ sub changepass {
     } elsif ($answer =~ "^refused") {
 	&logthis("$server refused to change $uname in $udom password because ".
 		 "it was sent an unencrypted request to change the password.");
+    } elsif ($answer =~ "invalid_client") {
+        &logthis("$server refused to change $uname in $udom password because ".
+                 "it was a reset by e-mail originating from an invalid server.");
     }
     return $answer;
 }
@@ -427,130 +1135,651 @@ sub changepass {
 
 sub queryauthenticate {
     my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
-    if (($perlvar{'lonRole'} eq 'library') && 
-        ($udom eq $perlvar{'lonDefDomain'})) {
-	my $answer=reply("encrypt:currentauth:$udom:$uname",
-			 $perlvar{'lonHostID'});
-	unless ($answer eq 'unknown_user' or $answer eq 'refused') {
-	    if (length($answer)) {
-		return $answer;
-	    }
-	    else {
-	&logthis("User $uname at $udom lacks an authentication mechanism");
-		return 'no_host';
-	    }
-	}
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    if (!$uhome) {
+	&logthis("User $uname at $udom is unknown when looking for authentication mechanism");
+	return 'no_host';
+    }
+    my $answer=reply("encrypt:currentauth:$udom:$uname",$uhome);
+    if ($answer =~ /^(unknown_user|refused|con_lost)/) {
+	&logthis("User $uname at $udom threw error $answer when checking authentication mechanism");
     }
+    return $answer;
+}
 
-    my $tryserver;
-    foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
-	if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $udom) {
-           my $answer=reply("encrypt:currentauth:$udom:$uname",$tryserver);
-	   unless ($answer eq 'unknown_user' or $answer eq 'refused') {
-	       if (length($answer)) {
-		   return $answer;
-	       }
-	       else {
-	   &logthis("User $uname at $udom lacks an authentication mechanism");
-		   return 'no_host';
-	       }
-	   }
-       }
+# --------- Try to authenticate user from domain's lib servers (first this one)
+
+sub authenticate {
+    my ($uname,$upass,$udom,$checkdefauth,$clientcancheckhost)=@_;
+    $upass=&escape($upass);
+    $uname= &LONCAPA::clean_username($uname);
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,1);
+    my $newhome;
+    if ((!$uhome) || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
+# Maybe the machine was offline and only re-appeared again recently?
+        &reconlonc();
+# One more
+	$uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,1);
+        if (($uhome eq 'no_host') && $checkdefauth) {
+            if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
+                $newhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
+            }
+            if ($newhome ne '') {
+                $uhome = $newhome;
+            }
+        }
+	if ((!$uhome) || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
+	    &logthis("User $uname at $udom is unknown in authenticate");
+	    return 'no_host';
+        }
+    }
+    my $answer=reply("encrypt:auth:$udom:$uname:$upass:$checkdefauth:$clientcancheckhost",$uhome);
+    if ($answer eq 'authorized') {
+        if ($newhome) {
+            &logthis("User $uname at $udom authorized by $uhome, but needs account");
+            return 'no_account_on_host'; 
+        } else {
+            &logthis("User $uname at $udom authorized by $uhome");
+            return $uhome;
+        }
     }
-    &logthis("User $uname at $udom lacks an authentication mechanism");    
+    if ($answer eq 'non_authorized') {
+	&logthis("User $uname at $udom rejected by $uhome");
+	return 'no_host'; 
+    }
+    &logthis("User $uname at $udom threw error $answer when checking authentication mechanism");
     return 'no_host';
 }
 
-# --------- Try to authenticate user from domain's lib servers (first this one)
+sub can_host_session {
+    my ($udom,$lonhost,$remoterev,$remotesessions,$hostedsessions) = @_;
+    my $canhost = 1;
+    my $host_idn = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($lonhost);
+    if (ref($remotesessions) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($remotesessions->{'excludedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$host_idn\E$/,@{$remotesessions->{'excludedomain'}})) {
+                $canhost = 0;
+            } else {
+                $canhost = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($remotesessions->{'includedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$host_idn\E$/,@{$remotesessions->{'includedomain'}})) {
+                $canhost = 1;
+            } else {
+                $canhost = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($canhost) {
+            if ($remotesessions->{'version'} ne '') {
+                my ($reqmajor,$reqminor) = ($remotesessions->{'version'} =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)$/);
+                if ($reqmajor ne '' && $reqminor ne '') {
+                    if ($remoterev =~ /^\'?(\d+)\.(\d+)/) {
+                        my $major = $1;
+                        my $minor = $2;
+                        if (($major < $reqmajor ) ||
+                            (($major == $reqmajor) && ($minor < $reqminor))) {
+                            $canhost = 0;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        $canhost = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($canhost) {
+        if (ref($hostedsessions) eq 'HASH') {
+            my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
+            my $uint_dom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+            if (ref($hostedsessions->{'excludedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                if (($uint_dom ne '') && 
+                    (grep(/^\Q$uint_dom\E$/,@{$hostedsessions->{'excludedomain'}}))) {
+                    $canhost = 0;
+                } else {
+                    $canhost = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if (ref($hostedsessions->{'includedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                if (($uint_dom ne '') && 
+                    (grep(/^\Q$uint_dom\E$/,@{$hostedsessions->{'includedomain'}}))) {
+                    $canhost = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $canhost = 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $canhost;
+}
 
-sub authenticate {
-    my ($uname,$upass,$udom)=@_;
-    $upass=escape($upass);
-    $uname=~s/\W//g;
-    if (($perlvar{'lonRole'} eq 'library') && 
-        ($udom eq $perlvar{'lonDefDomain'})) {
-    my $answer=reply("encrypt:auth:$udom:$uname:$upass",$perlvar{'lonHostID'});
-        if ($answer =~ /authorized/) {
-              if ($answer eq 'authorized') {
-                 &logthis("User $uname at $udom authorized by local server"); 
-                 return $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; 
-              }
-              if ($answer eq 'non_authorized') {
-                 &logthis("User $uname at $udom rejected by local server"); 
-                 return 'no_host'; 
-              }
-	}
+sub spare_can_host {
+    my ($udom,$uint_dom,$remotesessions,$try_server)=@_;
+    my $canhost=1;
+    my $try_server_hostname = &hostname($try_server);
+    my $serverhomeID = &get_server_homeID($try_server_hostname);
+    my $serverhomedom = &host_domain($serverhomeID);
+    my %defdomdefaults = &get_domain_defaults($serverhomedom);
+    if (ref($defdomdefaults{'offloadnow'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        if ($defdomdefaults{'offloadnow'}{$try_server}) {
+            $canhost = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    if (($canhost) && ($uint_dom)) {
+        my @intdoms;
+        my $internet_names = &get_internet_names($try_server);
+        if (ref($internet_names) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            @intdoms = @{$internet_names};
+        }
+        unless (grep(/^\Q$uint_dom\E$/,@intdoms)) {
+            my $remoterev = &get_server_loncaparev(undef,$try_server);
+            $canhost = &can_host_session($udom,$try_server,$remoterev,
+                                         $remotesessions,
+                                         $defdomdefaults{'hostedsessions'});
+        }
     }
+    return $canhost;
+}
 
-    my $tryserver;
-    foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
-	if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $udom) {
-           my $answer=reply("encrypt:auth:$udom:$uname:$upass",$tryserver);
-           if ($answer =~ /authorized/) {
-              if ($answer eq 'authorized') {
-                 &logthis("User $uname at $udom authorized by $tryserver"); 
-                 return $tryserver; 
-              }
-              if ($answer eq 'non_authorized') {
-                 &logthis("User $uname at $udom rejected by $tryserver");
-                 return 'no_host';
-              } 
-	   }
-       }
+sub this_host_spares {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my ($dom_in_use,$lonhost_in_use,$result);
+    my @hosts = &current_machine_ids();
+    foreach my $lonhost (@hosts) {
+        if (&host_domain($lonhost) eq $dom) {
+            $dom_in_use = $dom;
+            $lonhost_in_use = $lonhost;
+            last;
+        }
     }
-    &logthis("User $uname at $udom could not be authenticated");    
-    return 'no_host';
+    if ($dom_in_use ne '') {
+        $result = &spares_for_offload($dom_in_use,$lonhost_in_use);
+    }
+    if (ref($result) ne 'HASH') {
+        $lonhost_in_use = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+        $dom_in_use = &host_domain($lonhost_in_use);
+        $result = &spares_for_offload($dom_in_use,$lonhost_in_use);
+        if (ref($result) ne 'HASH') {
+            $result = \%spareid;
+        }
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub spares_for_offload  {
+    my ($dom_in_use,$lonhost_in_use) = @_;
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('spares',$dom_in_use);
+    if (defined($cached)) {
+        return $result;
+    } else {
+        my $cachetime = 60*60*24;
+        my %domconfig =
+            &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['usersessions'],$dom_in_use);
+        if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'spares'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'spares'}{$lonhost_in_use}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    return &do_cache_new('spares',$dom_in_use,$domconfig{'usersessions'}{'spares'}{$lonhost_in_use},$cachetime);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub get_lonbalancer_config {
+    my ($servers) = @_;
+    my ($currbalancer,$currtargets);
+    if (ref($servers) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $server (keys(%{$servers})) {
+            my %what = (
+                         spareid => 1,
+                         perlvar => 1,
+                       );
+            my ($result,$returnhash) = &get_remote_globals($server,\%what);
+            if ($result eq 'ok') {
+                if (ref($returnhash) eq 'HASH') {
+                    if (ref($returnhash->{'perlvar'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                        if ($returnhash->{'perlvar'}->{'lonBalancer'} eq 'yes') {
+                            $currbalancer = $server;
+                            $currtargets = {};
+                            if (ref($returnhash->{'spareid'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                                if (ref($returnhash->{'spareid'}->{'primary'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                    $currtargets->{'primary'} = $returnhash->{'spareid'}->{'primary'};
+                                }
+                                if (ref($returnhash->{'spareid'}->{'default'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                    $currtargets->{'default'} = $returnhash->{'spareid'}->{'default'};
+                                }
+                            }
+                            last;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($currbalancer,$currtargets);
+}
+
+sub check_loadbalancing {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$caller) = @_;
+    my ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules,$dom_in_use,$homeintdom,
+        $rule_in_effect,$offloadto,$otherserver);
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my @hosts = &current_machine_ids();
+    my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
+    my $uintdom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+    my $intdom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($lonhost);
+    my $serverhomedom = &host_domain($lonhost);
+    my $domneedscache;
+    my $cachetime = 60*60*24;
+
+    if (($uintdom ne '') && ($uintdom eq $intdom)) {
+        $dom_in_use = $udom;
+        $homeintdom = 1;
+    } else {
+        $dom_in_use = $serverhomedom;
+    }
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('loadbalancing',$dom_in_use);
+    unless (defined($cached)) {
+        my %domconfig =
+            &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['loadbalancing'],$dom_in_use);
+        if (ref($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $result = &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$dom_in_use,$domconfig{'loadbalancing'},$cachetime);
+        } else {
+            $domneedscache = $dom_in_use;
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+        ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules) = 
+            &check_balancer_result($result,@hosts);
+        if ($is_balancer) {
+            if (ref($currrules) eq 'HASH') {
+                if ($homeintdom) {
+                    if ($uname ne '') {
+                        if (($currrules->{'_LC_adv'} ne '') || ($currrules->{'_LC_author'} ne '')) {
+                            my ($is_adv,$is_author) = &is_advanced_user($udom,$uname);
+                            if (($currrules->{'_LC_author'} ne '') && ($is_author)) {
+                                $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'_LC_author'};
+                            } elsif (($currrules->{'_LC_adv'} ne '') && ($is_adv)) {
+                                $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'_LC_adv'}
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if ($rule_in_effect eq '') {
+                            my %userenv = &userenvironment($udom,$uname,'inststatus');
+                            if ($userenv{'inststatus'} ne '') {
+                                my @statuses = map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$userenv{'inststatus'});
+                                my ($othertitle,$usertypes,$types) =
+                                    &Apache::loncommon::sorted_inst_types($udom);
+                                if (ref($types) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                    foreach my $type (@{$types}) {
+                                        if (grep(/^\Q$type\E$/,@statuses)) {
+                                            if (exists($currrules->{$type})) {
+                                                $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{$type};
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                if (exists($currrules->{'default'})) {
+                                    $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'default'};
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        if (exists($currrules->{'default'})) {
+                            $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'default'};
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if ($currrules->{'_LC_external'} ne '') {
+                        $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'_LC_external'};
+                    }
+                }
+                $offloadto = &get_loadbalancer_targets($rule_in_effect,$currtargets,
+                                                       $uname,$udom);
+            }
+        }
+    } elsif (($homeintdom) && ($udom ne $serverhomedom)) {
+        ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('loadbalancing',$serverhomedom);
+        unless (defined($cached)) {
+            my %domconfig =
+                &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['loadbalancing'],$serverhomedom);
+            if (ref($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                $result = &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$serverhomedom,$domconfig{'loadbalancing'},$cachetime);
+            } else {
+                $domneedscache = $serverhomedom;
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+            ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules) = 
+                &check_balancer_result($result,@hosts);
+            if ($is_balancer) {
+                if (ref($currrules) eq 'HASH') {
+                    if ($currrules->{'_LC_internetdom'} ne '') {
+                        $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'_LC_internetdom'};
+                    }
+                }
+                $offloadto = &get_loadbalancer_targets($rule_in_effect,$currtargets,
+                                                       $uname,$udom);
+            }
+        } else {
+            if ($perlvar{'lonBalancer'} eq 'yes') {
+                $is_balancer = 1;
+                $offloadto = &this_host_spares($dom_in_use);
+            }
+            unless (defined($cached)) {
+                $domneedscache = $serverhomedom;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        if ($perlvar{'lonBalancer'} eq 'yes') {
+            $is_balancer = 1;
+            $offloadto = &this_host_spares($dom_in_use);
+        }
+        unless (defined($cached)) {
+            $domneedscache = $serverhomedom;
+        }
+    }
+    if ($domneedscache) {
+        &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$domneedscache,$is_balancer,$cachetime);
+    }
+    if ($is_balancer) {
+        my $lowest_load = 30000;
+        if (ref($offloadto) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($offloadto->{'primary'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                foreach my $try_server (@{$offloadto->{'primary'}}) {
+                    ($otherserver,$lowest_load) =
+                        &compare_server_load($try_server,$otherserver,$lowest_load);
+                }
+            }
+            my $found_server = ($otherserver ne '' && $lowest_load < 100);
+
+            if (!$found_server) {
+                if (ref($offloadto->{'default'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    foreach my $try_server (@{$offloadto->{'default'}}) {
+                        ($otherserver,$lowest_load) =
+                            &compare_server_load($try_server,$otherserver,$lowest_load);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } elsif (ref($offloadto) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            if (@{$offloadto} == 1) {
+                $otherserver = $offloadto->[0];
+            } elsif (@{$offloadto} > 1) {
+                foreach my $try_server (@{$offloadto}) {
+                    ($otherserver,$lowest_load) =
+                        &compare_server_load($try_server,$otherserver,$lowest_load);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        unless ($caller eq 'login') {
+            if (($otherserver ne '') && (grep(/^\Q$otherserver\E$/,@hosts))) {
+                $is_balancer = 0;
+                if ($uname ne '' && $udom ne '') {
+                    if (($env{'user.name'} eq $uname) && ($env{'user.domain'} eq $udom)) {
+                    
+                        &appenv({'user.loadbalexempt'     => $lonhost,  
+                                 'user.loadbalcheck.time' => time});
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($is_balancer,$otherserver);
+}
+
+sub check_balancer_result {
+    my ($result,@hosts) = @_;
+    my ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules);
+    if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+        if ($result->{'lonhost'} ne '') {
+            my $currbalancer = $result->{'lonhost'};
+            if (grep(/^\Q$currbalancer\E$/,@hosts)) {
+                $is_balancer = 1;
+                $currtargets = $result->{'targets'};
+                $currrules = $result->{'rules'};
+            }
+        } else {
+            foreach my $key (keys(%{$result})) {
+                if (($key ne '') && (grep(/^\Q$key\E$/,@hosts)) &&
+                    (ref($result->{$key}) eq 'HASH')) {
+                    $is_balancer = 1;
+                    $currrules = $result->{$key}{'rules'};
+                    $currtargets = $result->{$key}{'targets'};
+                    last;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($is_balancer,$currtargets,$currrules);
+}
+
+sub get_loadbalancer_targets {
+    my ($rule_in_effect,$currtargets,$uname,$udom) = @_;
+    my $offloadto;
+    if ($rule_in_effect eq 'none') {
+        return [$perlvar{'lonHostID'}];
+    } elsif ($rule_in_effect eq '') {
+        $offloadto = $currtargets;
+    } else {
+        if ($rule_in_effect eq 'homeserver') {
+            my $homeserver = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+            if ($homeserver ne 'no_host') {
+                $offloadto = [$homeserver];
+            }
+        } elsif ($rule_in_effect eq 'externalbalancer') {
+            my %domconfig =
+                &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['loadbalancing'],$udom);
+            if (ref($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if ($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}{'lonhost'} ne '') {
+                    if (&hostname($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}{'lonhost'}) ne '') {
+                        $offloadto = [$domconfig{'loadbalancing'}{'lonhost'}];
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                my %servers = &internet_dom_servers($udom);
+                my ($remotebalancer,$remotetargets) = &get_lonbalancer_config(\%servers);
+                if (&hostname($remotebalancer) ne '') {
+                    $offloadto = [$remotebalancer];
+                }
+            }
+        } elsif (&hostname($rule_in_effect) ne '') {
+            $offloadto = [$rule_in_effect];
+        }
+    }
+    return $offloadto;
+}
+
+sub internet_dom_servers {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my (%uniqservers,%servers);
+    my $primaryserver = &hostname(&domain($dom,'primary'));
+    my @machinedoms = &machine_domains($primaryserver);
+    foreach my $mdom (@machinedoms) {
+        my %currservers = %servers;
+        my %server = &get_servers($mdom);
+        %servers = (%currservers,%server);
+    }
+    my %by_hostname;
+    foreach my $id (keys(%servers)) {
+        push(@{$by_hostname{$servers{$id}}},$id);
+    }
+    foreach my $hostname (sort(keys(%by_hostname))) {
+        if (@{$by_hostname{$hostname}} > 1) {
+            my $match = 0;
+            foreach my $id (@{$by_hostname{$hostname}}) {
+                if (&host_domain($id) eq $dom) {
+                    $uniqservers{$id} = $hostname;
+                    $match = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($match) {
+                $uniqservers{$by_hostname{$hostname}[0]} = $hostname;
+            }
+        } else {
+            $uniqservers{$by_hostname{$hostname}[0]} = $hostname;
+        }
+    }
+    return %uniqservers;
+}
+
+sub trusted_domains {
+    my ($cmdtype,$calldom) = @_;
+    my ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    if (&domain($calldom) eq '') {
+        return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    }
+    unless ($cmdtype =~ /^(content|shared|enroll|coaurem|domroles|catalog|reqcrs|msg)$/) {
+        return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    }
+    my $callprimary = &domain($calldom,'primary');
+    my $intcalldom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($callprimary);
+    if ($intcalldom eq '') {
+        return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+    }
+
+    my ($trustconfig,$cached)=&Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('trust',$calldom);
+    unless (defined($cached)) {
+        my %domconfig = &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['trust'],$calldom);
+        &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('trust',$calldom,$domconfig{'trust'},3600);
+        $trustconfig = $domconfig{'trust'};
+    }
+    if (ref($trustconfig)) {
+        my (%possexc,%possinc,@allexc,@allinc); 
+        if (ref($trustconfig->{$cmdtype}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'exc'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                map { $possexc{$_} = 1; } @{$trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'exc'}}; 
+            }
+            if (ref($trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'inc'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                map { $possinc{$_} = 1; } @{$trustconfig->{$cmdtype}->{'inc'}};
+            }
+        }
+        if (keys(%possexc)) {
+            if (keys(%possinc)) {
+                foreach my $key (sort(keys(%possexc))) {
+                    next if ($key eq $intcalldom);
+                    unless ($possinc{$key}) {
+                        push(@allexc,$key);
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                @allexc = sort(keys(%possexc));
+            }
+        }
+        if (keys(%possinc)) {
+            $possinc{$intcalldom} = 1;
+            @allinc = sort(keys(%possinc));
+        }
+        if ((@allexc > 0) || (@allinc > 0)) {
+            my %doms_by_intdom;
+            my %allintdoms = &all_host_intdom();
+            my %alldoms = &all_host_domain();
+            foreach my $key (%allintdoms) {
+                if (ref($doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    unless (grep(/^\Q$alldoms{$key}\E$/,@{$doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}}})) {
+                        push(@{$doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}}},$alldoms{$key});
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $doms_by_intdom{$allintdoms{$key}} = [$alldoms{$key}]; 
+                }
+            }
+            foreach my $exc (@allexc) {
+                if (ref($doms_by_intdom{$exc}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    $untrusted = $doms_by_intdom{$exc};
+                }
+            }
+            foreach my $inc (@allinc) {
+                if (ref($doms_by_intdom{$inc}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    $trusted = $doms_by_intdom{$inc};
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($trusted,$untrusted);
+}
+
+sub will_trust {
+    my ($cmdtype,$domain,$possdom) = @_;
+    return 1 if ($domain eq $possdom);
+    my ($trustedref,$untrustedref) = &trusted_domains($cmdtype,$possdom);
+    my $willtrust; 
+    if ((ref($trustedref) eq 'ARRAY') && (@{$trustedref} > 0)) {
+        if (grep(/^\Q$domain\E$/,@{$trustedref})) {
+            $willtrust = 1;
+        }
+    } elsif ((ref($untrustedref) eq 'ARRAY') && (@{$untrustedref} > 0)) {
+        unless (grep(/^\Q$domain\E$/,@{$untrustedref})) {
+            $willtrust = 1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        $willtrust = 1;
+    }
+    return $willtrust;
 }
 
 # ---------------------- Find the homebase for a user from domain's lib servers
 
+my %homecache;
 sub homeserver {
     my ($uname,$udom,$ignoreBadCache)=@_;
     my $index="$uname:$udom";
-    if ($homecache{$index}) { 
-        return "$homecache{$index}"; 
-    }
-    my $tryserver;
-    foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
+
+    if (exists($homecache{$index})) { return $homecache{$index}; }
+
+    my %servers = &get_servers($udom,'library');
+    foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
         next if ($ignoreBadCache ne 'true' && 
 		 exists($badServerCache{$tryserver}));
-	if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $udom) {
-           my $answer=reply("home:$udom:$uname",$tryserver);
-           if ($answer eq 'found') { 
-              $homecache{$index}=$tryserver;
-              return $tryserver; 
-           } elsif ($answer eq 'no_host') {
-	       $badServerCache{$tryserver}=1;
-           }
-       }
+
+	my $answer=reply("home:$udom:$uname",$tryserver);
+	if ($answer eq 'found') {
+	    delete($badServerCache{$tryserver}); 
+	    return $homecache{$index}=$tryserver;
+	} elsif ($answer eq 'no_host') {
+	    $badServerCache{$tryserver}=1;
+	}
     }    
     return 'no_host';
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------- Find the usernames behind a list of IDs
+# ----- Find the usernames behind a list of student/employee IDs or clicker IDs
 
 sub idget {
-    my ($udom,@ids)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$idsref,$namespace)=@_;
     my %returnhash=();
+    my @ids=(); 
+    if (ref($idsref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        @ids = @{$idsref};
+    } else {
+        return %returnhash; 
+    }
+    if ($namespace eq '') {
+        $namespace = 'ids';
+    }
     
-    my $tryserver;
-    foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
-       if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $udom) {
-	  my $idlist=join('&',@ids);
-          $idlist=~tr/A-Z/a-z/; 
-	  my $reply=&reply("idget:$udom:".$idlist,$tryserver);
-          my @answer=();
-          if (($reply ne 'con_lost') && ($reply!~/^error\:/)) {
-	      @answer=split(/\&/,$reply);
-          }                    ;
-          my $i;
-          for ($i=0;$i<=$#ids;$i++) {
-              if ($answer[$i]) {
-		  $returnhash{$ids[$i]}=$answer[$i];
-              } 
-          }
-       }
-    }    
+    my %servers = &get_servers($udom,'library');
+    foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
+	my $idlist=join('&', map { &escape($_); } @ids);
+	if ($namespace eq 'ids') {
+	    $idlist=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
+	}
+	my $reply;
+	if ($namespace eq 'ids') {
+	    $reply=&reply("idget:$udom:".$idlist,$tryserver);
+	} else {
+	    $reply=&reply("getdom:$udom:$namespace:$idlist",$tryserver);
+	}
+	my @answer=();
+	if (($reply ne 'con_lost') && ($reply!~/^error\:/)) {
+	    @answer=split(/\&/,$reply);
+	}                    ;
+	my $i;
+	for ($i=0;$i<=$#ids;$i++) {
+	    if ($answer[$i]) {
+		$returnhash{$ids[$i]}=&unescape($answer[$i]);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
@@ -559,101 +1788,1258 @@ sub idget {
 sub idrget {
     my ($udom,@unames)=@_;
     my %returnhash=();
-    foreach (@unames) {
-        $returnhash{$_}=(&userenvironment($udom,$_,'id'))[1];
+    foreach my $uname (@unames) {
+        $returnhash{$uname}=(&userenvironment($udom,$uname,'id'))[1];
     }
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
-# ------------------------------- Store away a list of names and associated IDs
+# Store away a list of names and associated student/employee IDs or clicker IDs
 
 sub idput {
-    my ($udom,%ids)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$idsref,$uhom,$namespace)=@_;
     my %servers=();
-    foreach (keys %ids) {
-        my $uhom=&homeserver($_,$udom);
+    my %ids=();
+    my %byid = ();
+    if (ref($idsref) eq 'HASH') {
+        %ids=%{$idsref};
+    }
+    if ($namespace eq '') {
+        $namespace = 'ids'; 
+    }
+    foreach my $uname (keys(%ids)) {
+	&cput('environment',{'id'=>$ids{$uname}},$udom,$uname);
+        if ($uhom eq '') {
+            $uhom=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        }
         if ($uhom ne 'no_host') {
-            my $id=&escape($ids{$_});
-            $id=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
-            my $unam=&escape($_);
-	    if ($servers{$uhom}) {
-		$servers{$uhom}.='&'.$id.'='.$unam;
+            my $esc_unam=&escape($uname);
+            if ($namespace eq 'ids') {
+                my $id=&escape($ids{$uname});
+                $id=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
+                my $esc_unam=&escape($uname);
+                $servers{$uhom}.=$id.'='.$esc_unam.'&';
+            } else {
+                my @currids = split(/,/,$ids{$uname});
+                foreach my $id (@currids) {
+                    $byid{$uhom}{$id} .= $uname.',';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($namespace eq 'clickers') {
+        foreach my $server (keys(%byid)) {
+            if (ref($byid{$server}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $id (keys(%{$byid{$server}})) {
+                    $byid{$server} =~ s/,$//;
+                    $servers{$uhom}.=&escape($id).'='.&escape($byid{$server}).'&'; 
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    foreach my $server (keys(%servers)) {
+        $servers{$server} =~ s/\&$//;
+        if ($namespace eq 'ids') {     
+            &critical('idput:'.$udom.':'.$servers{$server},$server);
+        } else {
+            &critical('updateclickers:'.$udom.':add:'.$servers{$server},$server);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# ------------- Delete unwanted student/employee IDs or clicker IDs from domain
+
+sub iddel {
+    my ($udom,$idshashref,$uhome,$namespace)=@_;
+    my %result=();
+    my %ids=();
+    my %byid = ();
+    if (ref($idshashref) eq 'HASH') {
+        %ids=%{$idshashref};
+    } else {
+        return %result;
+    }
+    if ($namespace eq '') {
+        $namespace = 'ids';
+    }
+    my %servers=();
+    while (my ($id,$unamestr) = each(%ids)) {
+        if ($namespace eq 'ids') {
+            my $uhom = $uhome;
+            if ($uhom eq '') { 
+                $uhom=&homeserver($unamestr,$udom);
+            }
+            if ($uhom ne 'no_host') {
+                $servers{$uhom}.='&'.&escape($id);
+            }
+         } else {
+            my @curritems = split(/,/,$ids{$id});
+            foreach my $uname (@curritems) {
+                my $uhom = $uhome;
+                if ($uhom eq '') {
+                    $uhom=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+                }
+                if ($uhom ne 'no_host') { 
+                    $byid{$uhom}{$id} .= $uname.',';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($namespace eq 'clickers') {
+        foreach my $server (keys(%byid)) {
+            if (ref($byid{$server}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $id (keys(%{$byid{$server}})) {
+                    $byid{$server}{$id} =~ s/,$//;
+                    $servers{$server}.=&escape($id).'='.&escape($byid{$server}{$id}).'&';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    foreach my $server (keys(%servers)) {
+        $servers{$server} =~ s/\&$//;
+        if ($namespace eq 'ids') {
+            $result{$server} = &critical('iddel:'.$udom.':'.$servers{$server},$uhome);
+        } elsif ($namespace eq 'clickers') {
+            $result{$server} = &critical('updateclickers:'.$udom.':del:'.$servers{$server},$server);
+        }
+    }
+    return %result;
+}
+
+# ----- Update clicker ID-to-username look-ups in clickers.db on library server 
+
+sub updateclickers {
+    my ($udom,$action,$idshashref,$uhome,$critical) = @_;
+    my %clickers;
+    if (ref($idshashref) eq 'HASH') {
+        %clickers=%{$idshashref};
+    } else {
+        return;
+    }
+    my $items='';
+    foreach my $item (keys(%clickers)) {
+        $items.=&escape($item).'='.&escape($clickers{$item}).'&';
+    }
+    $items=~s/\&$//;
+    my $request = "updateclickers:$udom:$action:$items";
+    if ($critical) {
+        return &critical($request,$uhome);
+    } else {
+        return &reply($request,$uhome);
+    }
+}
+
+# ------------------------------dump from db file owned by domainconfig user
+sub dump_dom {
+    my ($namespace, $udom, $regexp) = @_;
+
+    $udom ||= $env{'user.domain'};
+
+    return () unless $udom;
+
+    return &dump($namespace, $udom, &get_domainconfiguser($udom), $regexp);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------ get items from domain db files   
+
+sub get_dom {
+    my ($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uhome)=@_;
+    return if ($udom eq 'public');
+    my $items='';
+    foreach my $item (@$storearr) {
+        $items.=&escape($item).'&';
+    }
+    $items=~s/\&$//;
+    if (!$udom) {
+        $udom=$env{'user.domain'};
+        return if ($udom eq 'public');
+        if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
+            $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
+        } else {
+            undef($uhome);
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (!$uhome) {
+            if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
+                $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($udom && $uhome && ($uhome ne 'no_host')) {
+        my $rep;
+        if ($namespace =~ /^enc/) {
+            $rep=&reply("encrypt:egetdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        } else {
+            $rep=&reply("getdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        }
+        my %returnhash;
+        if ($rep eq '' || $rep =~ /^error: 2 /) {
+            return %returnhash;
+        }
+        my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+        if ( $#pairs==0 && $pairs[0] =~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) {
+            return @pairs;
+        }
+        my $i=0;
+        foreach my $item (@$storearr) {
+            $returnhash{$item}=&thaw_unescape($pairs[$i]);
+            $i++;
+        }
+        return %returnhash;
+    } else {
+        &logthis("get_dom failed - no homeserver and/or domain ($udom) ($uhome)");
+    }
+}
+
+# -------------------------------------------- put items in domain db files 
+
+sub put_dom {
+    my ($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uhome)=@_;
+    if (!$udom) {
+        $udom=$env{'user.domain'};
+        if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
+            $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
+        } else {
+            undef($uhome);
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (!$uhome) {
+            if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
+                $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
+            }
+        }
+    } 
+    if ($udom && $uhome && ($uhome ne 'no_host')) {
+        my $items='';
+        foreach my $item (keys(%$storehash)) {
+            $items.=&escape($item).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$item}).'&';
+        }
+        $items=~s/\&$//;
+        if ($namespace =~ /^enc/) {
+            return &reply("encrypt:putdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        } else {
+            return &reply("putdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+        }
+    } else {
+        &logthis("put_dom failed - no homeserver and/or domain");
+    }
+}
+
+# --------------------- newput for items in db file owned by domainconfig user
+sub newput_dom {
+    my ($namespace,$storehash,$udom) = @_;
+    my $result;
+    if (!$udom) {
+        $udom=$env{'user.domain'};
+    }
+    if ($udom) {
+        my $uname = &get_domainconfiguser($udom);
+        $result = &newput($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uname);
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+# --------------------- delete for items in db file owned by domainconfig user
+sub del_dom {
+    my ($namespace,$storearr,$udom)=@_;
+    if (ref($storearr) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        if (!$udom) {
+            $udom=$env{'user.domain'};
+        }
+        if ($udom) {
+            my $uname = &get_domainconfiguser($udom); 
+            return &del($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uname);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# ----------------------------------construct domainconfig user for a domain 
+sub get_domainconfiguser {
+    my ($udom) = @_;
+    return $udom.'-domainconfig';
+}
+
+sub retrieve_inst_usertypes {
+    my ($udom) = @_;
+    my (%returnhash,@order);
+    my %domdefs = &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_defaults($udom);
+    if ((ref($domdefs{'inststatustypes'}) eq 'HASH') && 
+        (ref($domdefs{'inststatusorder'}) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        return ($domdefs{'inststatustypes'},$domdefs{'inststatusorder'});
+    } else {
+        if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
+            my $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
+            my $rep=&reply("inst_usertypes:$udom",$uhome);
+            if ($rep =~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+                &logthis("retrieve_inst_usertypes failed - $rep returned from $uhome in domain: $udom");
+                return (\%returnhash,\@order);
+            }
+            my ($hashitems,$orderitems) = split(/:/,$rep); 
+            my @pairs=split(/\&/,$hashitems);
+            foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+                $key = &unescape($key);
+                next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+                $returnhash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+            }
+            my @esc_order = split(/\&/,$orderitems);
+            foreach my $item (@esc_order) {
+                push(@order,&unescape($item));
+            }
+        } else {
+            &logthis("retrieve_inst_usertypes failed - no primary domain server for $udom");
+        }
+        return (\%returnhash,\@order);
+    }
+}
+
+sub is_domainimage {
+    my ($url) = @_;
+    if ($url=~m-^/+res/+($match_domain)/+\1\-domainconfig/+(img|logo|domlogo)/+[^/]-) {
+        if (&domain($1) ne '') {
+            return '1';
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub inst_directory_query {
+    my ($srch) = @_;
+    my $udom = $srch->{'srchdomain'};
+    my %results;
+    my $homeserver = &domain($udom,'primary');
+    my $outcome;
+    if ($homeserver ne '') {
+        unless ($homeserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+            if ($srch->{'srchby'} eq 'email') {
+                my $lcrev = &get_server_loncaparev(undef,$homeserver);
+                my ($major,$minor) = ($lcrev =~ /^\'?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.[\w.\-]+\'?$/);
+                if (($major eq '' && $minor eq '') || ($major < 2) ||
+                    (($major == 2) && ($minor < 12))) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+	my $queryid=&reply("querysend:instdirsearch:".
+			   &escape($srch->{'srchby'}).':'.
+			   &escape($srch->{'srchterm'}).':'.
+			   &escape($srch->{'srchtype'}),$homeserver);
+	my $host=&hostname($homeserver);
+	if ($queryid !~/^\Q$host\E\_/) {
+	    &logthis('institutional directory search invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$homeserver.' in domain '.$udom);
+	    return;
+	}
+	my $response = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+	my $maxtries = 5;
+	my $tries = 1;
+	while (($response=~/^timeout/) && ($tries < $maxtries)) {
+	    $response = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+	    $tries ++;
+	}
+
+        if (!&error($response) && $response ne 'refused') {
+            if ($response eq 'unavailable') {
+                $outcome = $response;
+            } else {
+                $outcome = 'ok';
+                my @matches = split(/\n/,$response);
+                foreach my $match (@matches) {
+                    my ($key,$value) = split(/=/,$match);
+                    $results{&unescape($key).':'.$udom} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($outcome,%results);
+}
+
+sub usersearch {
+    my ($srch) = @_;
+    my $dom = $srch->{'srchdomain'};
+    my %results;
+    my %libserv = &all_library();
+    my $query = 'usersearch';
+    foreach my $tryserver (keys(%libserv)) {
+        if (&host_domain($tryserver) eq $dom) {
+            unless ($tryserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+                if ($srch->{'srchby'} eq 'email') {
+                    my $lcrev = &get_server_loncaparev(undef,$tryserver);
+                    my ($major,$minor) = ($lcrev =~ /^\'?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.[\w.\-]+\'?$/);
+                    next if (($major eq '' && $minor eq '') || ($major < 2) ||
+                             (($major == 2) && ($minor < 12)));
+                }
+            }
+            my $host=&hostname($tryserver);
+            my $queryid=
+                &reply("querysend:".&escape($query).':'.
+                       &escape($srch->{'srchby'}).':'.
+                       &escape($srch->{'srchtype'}).':'.
+                       &escape($srch->{'srchterm'}),$tryserver);
+            if ($queryid !~/^\Q$host\E\_/) {
+                &logthis('usersearch: invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$host.'in domain '.$dom.' and server: '.$tryserver);
+                next;
+            }
+            my $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+            my $maxtries = 1;
+            my $tries = 1;
+            while (($reply=~/^timeout/) && ($tries < $maxtries)) {
+                $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+                $tries ++;
+            }
+            if ( ($reply =~/^timeout/) || ($reply =~/^error/) ) {
+                &logthis('usersrch error: '.$reply.' for '.$dom.' - searching for : '.$srch->{'srchterm'}.' by '.$srch->{'srchby'}.' ('.$srch->{'srchtype'}.') -  maxtries: '.$maxtries.' tries: '.$tries);
             } else {
-                $servers{$uhom}=$id.'='.$unam;
+                my @matches;
+                if ($reply =~ /\n/) {
+                    @matches = split(/\n/,$reply);
+                } else {
+                    @matches = split(/\&/,$reply);
+                }
+                foreach my $match (@matches) {
+                    my ($uname,$udom,%userhash);
+                    foreach my $entry (split(/:/,$match)) {
+                        my ($key,$value) =
+                            map {&unescape($_);} split(/=/,$entry);
+                        $userhash{$key} = $value;
+                        if ($key eq 'username') {
+                            $uname = $value;
+                        } elsif ($key eq 'domain') {
+                            $udom = $value;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    $results{$uname.':'.$udom} = \%userhash;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %results;
+}
+
+sub get_instuser {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$id) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &domain($udom,'primary');
+    my ($outcome,%results);
+    if ($homeserver ne '') {
+        my $queryid=&reply("querysend:getinstuser:".&escape($uname).':'.
+                           &escape($id).':'.&escape($udom),$homeserver);
+        my $host=&hostname($homeserver);
+        if ($queryid !~/^\Q$host\E\_/) {
+            &logthis('get_instuser invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$homeserver.'in domain '.$udom);
+            return;
+        }
+        my $response = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+        my $maxtries = 5;
+        my $tries = 1;
+        while (($response=~/^timeout/) && ($tries < $maxtries)) {
+            $response = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+            $tries ++;
+        }
+        if (!&error($response) && $response ne 'refused') {
+            if ($response eq 'unavailable') {
+                $outcome = $response;
+            } else {
+                $outcome = 'ok';
+                my @matches = split(/\n/,$response);
+                foreach my $match (@matches) {
+                    my ($key,$value) = split(/=/,$match);
+                    $results{&unescape($key)} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    my %userinfo;
+    if (ref($results{$uname}) eq 'HASH') {
+        %userinfo = %{$results{$uname}};
+    } 
+    return ($outcome,%userinfo);
+}
+
+sub get_multiple_instusers {
+    my ($udom,$users,$caller) = @_;
+    my ($outcome,$results);
+    if (ref($users) eq 'HASH') {
+        my $count = keys(%{$users}); 
+        my $requested = &freeze_escape($users);
+        my $homeserver = &domain($udom,'primary');
+        if ($homeserver ne '') {
+            my $queryid=&reply('querysend:getmultinstusers:::'.$caller.'='.$requested,$homeserver);
+            my $host=&hostname($homeserver);
+            if ($queryid !~/^\Q$host\E\_/) {
+                &logthis('get_multiple_instusers invalid queryid: '.$queryid.
+                         ' for host: '.$homeserver.'in domain '.$udom);
+                return ($outcome,$results);
+            }
+            my $response = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+            my $maxtries = 5;
+            if ($count > 100) {
+                $maxtries = 1+int($count/20);
+            }
+            my $tries = 1;
+            while (($response=~/^timeout/) && ($tries <= $maxtries)) {
+                $response = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+                $tries ++;
+            }
+            if ($response eq '') {
+                $results = {};
+                foreach my $key (keys(%{$users})) {
+                    my ($uname,$id);
+                    if ($caller eq 'id') {
+                        $id = $key;
+                    } else {
+                        $uname = $key;
+                    }
+                    my ($resp,%info) = &get_instuser($udom,$uname,$id);
+                    $outcome = $resp;
+                    if ($resp eq 'ok') {
+                        %{$results} = (%{$results}, %info);
+                    } else {
+                        last;
+                    }
+                }
+            } elsif(!&error($response) && ($response ne 'refused')) {
+                if (($response eq 'unavailable') || ($response eq 'invalid') || ($response eq 'timeout')) {
+                    $outcome = $response;
+                } else {
+                    ($outcome,my $userdata) = split(/=/,$response,2);
+                    if ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+                        $results = &thaw_unescape($userdata); 
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($outcome,$results);
+}
+
+sub inst_rulecheck {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$id,$item,$rules) = @_;
+    my %returnhash;
+    if ($udom ne '') {
+        if (ref($rules) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            @{$rules} = map {&escape($_);} (@{$rules});
+            my $rulestr = join(':',@{$rules});
+            my $homeserver=&domain($udom,'primary');
+            if (($homeserver ne '') && ($homeserver ne 'no_host')) {
+                my $response;
+                if ($item eq 'username') {                
+                    $response=&unescape(&reply('instrulecheck:'.&escape($udom).
+                                              ':'.&escape($uname).':'.$rulestr,
+                                              $homeserver));
+                } elsif ($item eq 'id') {
+                    $response=&unescape(&reply('instidrulecheck:'.&escape($udom).
+                                              ':'.&escape($id).':'.$rulestr,
+                                              $homeserver));
+                } elsif ($item eq 'selfcreate') {
+                    $response=&unescape(&reply('instselfcreatecheck:'.
+                                               &escape($udom).':'.&escape($uname).
+                                              ':'.$rulestr,$homeserver));
+                }
+                if ($response ne 'refused') {
+                    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$response);
+                    foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                        my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+                        $key = &unescape($key);
+                        next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+                        $returnhash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+sub inst_userrules {
+    my ($udom,$check) = @_;
+    my (%ruleshash,@ruleorder);
+    if ($udom ne '') {
+        my $homeserver=&domain($udom,'primary');
+        if (($homeserver ne '') && ($homeserver ne 'no_host')) {
+            my $response;
+            if ($check eq 'id') {
+                $response=&reply('instidrules:'.&escape($udom),
+                                 $homeserver);
+            } elsif ($check eq 'email') {
+                $response=&reply('instemailrules:'.&escape($udom),
+                                 $homeserver);
+            } else {
+                $response=&reply('instuserrules:'.&escape($udom),
+                                 $homeserver);
+            }
+            if (($response ne 'refused') && ($response ne 'error') && 
+                ($response ne 'unknown_cmd') && 
+                ($response ne 'no_such_host')) {
+                my ($hashitems,$orderitems) = split(/:/,$response);
+                my @pairs=split(/\&/,$hashitems);
+                foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+                    $key = &unescape($key);
+                    next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+                    $ruleshash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+                }
+                my @esc_order = split(/\&/,$orderitems);
+                foreach my $item (@esc_order) {
+                    push(@ruleorder,&unescape($item));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return (\%ruleshash,\@ruleorder);
+}
+
+# ------------- Get Authentication, Language and User Tools Defaults for Domain
+
+sub get_domain_defaults {
+    my ($domain,$ignore_cache) = @_;
+    return if (($domain eq '') || ($domain eq 'public'));
+    my $cachetime = 60*60*24;
+    unless ($ignore_cache) {
+        my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('domdefaults',$domain);
+        if (defined($cached)) {
+            if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+                return %{$result};
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    my %domdefaults;
+    my %domconfig =
+         &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['defaults','quotas',
+                                  'requestcourses','inststatus',
+                                  'coursedefaults','usersessions',
+                                  'requestauthor','selfenrollment',
+                                  'coursecategories','ssl','autoenroll',
+                                  'trust','helpsettings'],$domain);
+    my @coursetypes = ('official','unofficial','community','textbook','placement');
+    if (ref($domconfig{'defaults'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $domdefaults{'lang_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'lang_def'}; 
+        $domdefaults{'auth_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'auth_def'};
+        $domdefaults{'auth_arg_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'auth_arg_def'};
+        $domdefaults{'timezone_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'timezone_def'};
+        $domdefaults{'datelocale_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'datelocale_def'};
+        $domdefaults{'portal_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'portal_def'};
+        $domdefaults{'intauth_cost'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'intauth_cost'};
+        $domdefaults{'intauth_switch'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'intauth_switch'};
+        $domdefaults{'intauth_check'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'intauth_check'};
+    } else {
+        $domdefaults{'lang_def'} = &domain($domain,'lang_def');
+        $domdefaults{'auth_def'} = &domain($domain,'auth_def');
+        $domdefaults{'auth_arg_def'} = &domain($domain,'auth_arg_def');
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'quotas'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($domconfig{'quotas'}{'defaultquota'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'defaultquota'} = $domconfig{'quotas'}{'defaultquota'};
+        } else {
+            $domdefaults{'defaultquota'} = $domconfig{'quotas'};
+        }
+        my @usertools = ('aboutme','blog','webdav','portfolio');
+        foreach my $item (@usertools) {
+            if (ref($domconfig{'quotas'}{$item}) eq 'HASH') {
+                $domdefaults{$item} = $domconfig{'quotas'}{$item};
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'quotas'}{'authorquota'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'authorquota'} = $domconfig{'quotas'}{'authorquota'};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'requestcourses'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $item ('official','unofficial','community','textbook','placement') {
+            $domdefaults{$item} = $domconfig{'requestcourses'}{$item};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'requestauthor'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $domdefaults{'requestauthor'} = $domconfig{'requestauthor'};
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'inststatus'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $item ('inststatustypes','inststatusorder','inststatusguest') {
+            $domdefaults{$item} = $domconfig{'inststatus'}{$item};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $domdefaults{'canuse_pdfforms'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canuse_pdfforms'};
+        $domdefaults{'usejsme'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'usejsme'};
+        $domdefaults{'uselcmath'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'uselcmath'};
+        if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'postsubmit'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'postsubmit'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'postsubmit'}{'client'};
+        }
+        foreach my $type (@coursetypes) {
+            if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'coursecredits'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                unless ($type eq 'community') {
+                    $domdefaults{$type.'credits'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'coursecredits'}{$type};
+                }
+            }
+            if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'uploadquota'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                $domdefaults{$type.'quota'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'uploadquota'}{$type};
+            }
+            if ($domdefaults{'postsubmit'} eq 'on') {
+                if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'postsubmit'}{'timeout'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    $domdefaults{$type.'postsubtimeout'} = 
+                        $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'postsubmit'}{'timeout'}{$type}; 
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'}{'instcode'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                my @clonecodes = @{$domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'}{'instcode'}};
+                if (@clonecodes) {
+                    $domdefaults{'canclone'} = join('+',@clonecodes);
+                }
+            }
+        } elsif ($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'}) {
+            $domdefaults{'canclone'}=$domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'canclone'};
+        }
+        if ($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'texengine'}) {
+            $domdefaults{'texengine'} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{'texengine'};
+        } 
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'remote'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'remotesessions'} = $domconfig{'usersessions'}{'remote'};
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'hosted'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'hostedsessions'} = $domconfig{'usersessions'}{'hosted'};
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'offloadnow'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'offloadnow'} = $domconfig{'usersessions'}{'offloadnow'};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'selfenrollment'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($domconfig{'selfenrollment'}{'admin'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            my @settings = ('types','registered','enroll_dates','access_dates','section',
+                            'approval','limit');
+            foreach my $type (@coursetypes) {
+                if (ref($domconfig{'selfenrollment'}{'admin'}{$type}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    my @mgrdc = ();
+                    foreach my $item (@settings) {
+                        if ($domconfig{'selfenrollment'}{'admin'}{$type}{$item} eq '0') {
+                            push(@mgrdc,$item);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (@mgrdc) {
+                        $domdefaults{$type.'selfenrolladmdc'} = join(',',@mgrdc);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'selfenrollment'}{'default'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            foreach my $type (@coursetypes) {
+                if (ref($domconfig{'selfenrollment'}{'default'}{$type}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    foreach my $item (keys(%{$domconfig{'selfenrollment'}{'default'}{$type}})) {
+                        $domdefaults{$type.'selfenroll'.$item} = $domconfig{'selfenrollment'}{'default'}{$type}{$item};
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'coursecategories'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $domdefaults{'catauth'} = 'std';
+        $domdefaults{'catunauth'} = 'std';
+        if ($domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'auth'}) { 
+            $domdefaults{'catauth'} = $domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'auth'};
+        }
+        if ($domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'unauth'}) {
+            $domdefaults{'catunauth'} = $domconfig{'coursecategories'}{'unauth'};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}{'replication'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'replication'} = $domconfig{'ssl'}{'replication'};
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}{'connto'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'connect'} = $domconfig{'ssl'}{'connto'};
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'ssl'}{'connfrom'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'connect'} = $domconfig{'ssl'}{'connfrom'};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'trust'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        my @prefixes = qw(content shared enroll othcoau coaurem domroles catalog reqcrs msg);
+        foreach my $prefix (@prefixes) {
+            if (ref($domconfig{'trust'}{$prefix}) eq 'HASH') {
+                $domdefaults{'trust'.$prefix} = $domconfig{'trust'}{$prefix};
             }
-            &critical('put:'.$udom.':'.$unam.':environment:id='.$id,$uhom);
         }
     }
-    foreach (keys %servers) {
-        &critical('idput:'.$udom.':'.$servers{$_},$_);
+    if (ref($domconfig{'autoenroll'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $domdefaults{'autofailsafe'} = $domconfig{'autoenroll'}{'autofailsafe'};
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'helpsettings'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $domdefaults{'submitbugs'} = $domconfig{'helpsettings'}{'submitbugs'};
+        if (ref($domconfig{'helpsettings'}{'adhoc'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'adhocroles'} = $domconfig{'helpsettings'}{'adhoc'};
+        }
+    }
+    &do_cache_new('domdefaults',$domain,\%domdefaults,$cachetime);
+    return %domdefaults;
+}
+
+sub course_portal_url {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom) = @_;
+    my $chome = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $hostname = &hostname($chome);
+    my $protocol = $protocol{$chome};
+    $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+    my %domdefaults = &get_domain_defaults($cdom);
+    my $firsturl;
+    if ($domdefaults{'portal_def'}) {
+        $firsturl = $domdefaults{'portal_def'};
+    } else {
+        $firsturl = $protocol.'://'.$hostname;
+    }
+    return $firsturl;
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------- Assign a key to a student
+
+sub assign_access_key {
+#
+# a valid key looks like uname:udom#comments
+# comments are being appended
+#
+    my ($ckey,$kdom,$knum,$cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname,$logentry)=@_;
+    $kdom=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} unless (defined($kdom));
+    $knum=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'} unless (defined($knum));
+    $cdom=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} unless (defined($cdom));
+    $cnum=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'} unless (defined($cnum));
+    $udom=$env{'user.name'} unless (defined($udom));
+    $uname=$env{'user.domain'} unless (defined($uname));
+    my %existing=&get('accesskeys',[$ckey],$kdom,$knum);
+    if (($existing{$ckey}=~/^\#(.*)$/) || # - new key
+        ($existing{$ckey}=~/^\Q$uname\E\:\Q$udom\E\#(.*)$/)) { 
+                                                  # assigned to this person
+                                                  # - this should not happen,
+                                                  # unless something went wrong
+                                                  # the first time around
+# ready to assign
+        $logentry=$1.'; '.$logentry;
+        if (&put('accesskeys',{$ckey=>$uname.':'.$udom.'#'.$logentry},
+                                                 $kdom,$knum) eq 'ok') {
+# key now belongs to user
+	    my $envkey='key.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+            if (&put('environment',{$envkey => $ckey}) eq 'ok') {
+                &appenv({'environment.'.$envkey => $ckey});
+                return 'ok';
+            } else {
+                return 
+  'error: Count not permanently assign key, will need to be re-entered later.';
+	    }
+        } else {
+            return 'error: Could not assign key, try again later.';
+        }
+    } elsif (!$existing{$ckey}) {
+# the key does not exist
+	return 'error: The key does not exist';
+    } else {
+# the key is somebody else's
+	return 'error: The key is already in use';
+    }
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------ put an additional comment on a key
+
+sub comment_access_key {
+#
+# a valid key looks like uname:udom#comments
+# comments are being appended
+#
+    my ($ckey,$cdom,$cnum,$logentry)=@_;
+    $cdom=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} unless (defined($cdom));
+    $cnum=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'} unless (defined($cnum));
+    my %existing=&get('accesskeys',[$ckey],$cdom,$cnum);
+    if ($existing{$ckey}) {
+        $existing{$ckey}.='; '.$logentry;
+# ready to assign
+        if (&put('accesskeys',{$ckey=>$existing{$ckey}},
+                                                 $cdom,$cnum) eq 'ok') {
+	    return 'ok';
+        } else {
+	    return 'error: Count not store comment.';
+        }
+    } else {
+# the key does not exist
+	return 'error: The key does not exist';
     }
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------------ Generate a set of keys
+
+sub generate_access_keys {
+    my ($number,$cdom,$cnum,$logentry)=@_;
+    $cdom=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} unless (defined($cdom));
+    $cnum=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'} unless (defined($cnum));
+    unless (&allowed('mky',$cdom)) { return 0; }
+    unless (($cdom) && ($cnum)) { return 0; }
+    if ($number>10000) { return 0; }
+    sleep(2); # make sure don't get same seed twice
+    srand(time()^($$+($$<<15))); # from "Programming Perl"
+    my $total=0;
+    for (my $i=1;$i<=$number;$i++) {
+       my $newkey=sprintf("%lx",int(100000*rand)).'-'.
+                  sprintf("%lx",int(100000*rand)).'-'.
+                  sprintf("%lx",int(100000*rand));
+       $newkey=~s/1/g/g; # folks mix up 1 and l
+       $newkey=~s/0/h/g; # and also 0 and O
+       my %existing=&get('accesskeys',[$newkey],$cdom,$cnum);
+       if ($existing{$newkey}) {
+           $i--;
+       } else {
+	  if (&put('accesskeys',
+              { $newkey => '# generated '.localtime().
+                           ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.'@'.$env{'user.domain'}.
+                           '; '.$logentry },
+		   $cdom,$cnum) eq 'ok') {
+              $total++;
+	  }
+       }
+    }
+    &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},
+         'Generated '.$total.' keys for '.$cnum.' at '.$cdom);
+    return $total;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------- Validate an accesskey
+
+sub validate_access_key {
+    my ($ckey,$cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname)=@_;
+    $cdom=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} unless (defined($cdom));
+    $cnum=
+   $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'} unless (defined($cnum));
+    $udom=$env{'user.domain'} unless (defined($udom));
+    $uname=$env{'user.name'} unless (defined($uname));
+    my %existing=&get('accesskeys',[$ckey],$cdom,$cnum);
+    return ($existing{$ckey}=~/^\Q$uname\E\:\Q$udom\E\#/);
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------- Find the section of student in a course
+sub devalidate_getsection_cache {
+    my ($udom,$unam,$courseid)=@_;
+    my $hashid="$udom:$unam:$courseid";
+    &devalidate_cache_new('getsection',$hashid);
+}
+
+sub courseid_to_courseurl {
+    my ($courseid) = @_;
+    #already url style courseid
+    return $courseid if ($courseid =~ m{^/});
+
+    if (exists($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'})) {
+	my $cnum = $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'};
+	my $cdom = $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'};
+	return "/$cdom/$cnum";
+    }
+
+    my %courseinfo=&Apache::lonnet::coursedescription($courseid);
+    if (exists($courseinfo{'num'})) {
+	return "/$courseinfo{'domain'}/$courseinfo{'num'}";
+    }
+
+    return undef;
+}
 
-sub usection {
+sub getsection {
     my ($udom,$unam,$courseid)=@_;
-    $courseid=~s/\_/\//g;
-    $courseid=~s/^(\w)/\/$1/;
-    foreach (split(/\&/,&reply('dump:'.$udom.':'.$unam.':roles',
-                        &homeserver($unam,$udom)))) {
-        my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$_);
-        $key=&unescape($key);
-        if ($key=~/^$courseid(?:\/)*(\w+)*\_st$/) {
-            my $section=$1;
-            if ($key eq $courseid.'_st') { $section=''; }
-	    my ($dummy,$end,$start)=split(/\_/,&unescape($value));
-            my $now=time;
-            my $notactive=0;
-            if ($start) {
-		if ($now<$start) { $notactive=1; }
-            }
-            if ($end) {
-                if ($now>$end) { $notactive=1; }
-            } 
-            unless ($notactive) { return $section; }
+    my $cachetime=1800;
+
+    my $hashid="$udom:$unam:$courseid";
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('getsection',$hashid);
+    if (defined($cached)) { return $result; }
+
+    my %Pending; 
+    my %Expired;
+    #
+    # Each role can either have not started yet (pending), be active, 
+    #    or have expired.
+    #
+    # If there is an active role, we are done.
+    #
+    # If there is more than one role which has not started yet, 
+    #     choose the one which will start sooner
+    # If there is one role which has not started yet, return it.
+    #
+    # If there is more than one expired role, choose the one which ended last.
+    # If there is a role which has expired, return it.
+    #
+    $courseid = &courseid_to_courseurl($courseid);
+    my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$unam,$courseid);
+    foreach my $key (keys(%roleshash)) {
+        next if ($key !~/^\Q$courseid\E(?:\/)*(\w+)*\_st$/);
+        my $section=$1;
+        if ($key eq $courseid.'_st') { $section=''; }
+        my ($dummy,$end,$start)=split(/\_/,&unescape($roleshash{$key}));
+        my $now=time;
+        if (defined($end) && $end && ($now > $end)) {
+            $Expired{$end}=$section;
+            next;
+        }
+        if (defined($start) && $start && ($now < $start)) {
+            $Pending{$start}=$section;
+            next;
         }
+        return &do_cache_new('getsection',$hashid,$section,$cachetime);
     }
-    return '-1';
+    #
+    # Presumedly there will be few matching roles from the above
+    # loop and the sorting time will be negligible.
+    if (scalar(keys(%Pending))) {
+        my ($time) = sort {$a <=> $b} keys(%Pending);
+        return &do_cache_new('getsection',$hashid,$Pending{$time},$cachetime);
+    } 
+    if (scalar(keys(%Expired))) {
+        my @sorted = sort {$a <=> $b} keys(%Expired);
+        my $time = pop(@sorted);
+        return &do_cache_new('getsection',$hashid,$Expired{$time},$cachetime);
+    }
+    return &do_cache_new('getsection',$hashid,'-1',$cachetime);
+}
+
+sub save_cache {
+    &purge_remembered();
+    #&Apache::loncommon::validate_page();
+    undef(%env);
+    undef($env_loaded);
+}
+
+my $to_remember=-1;
+my %remembered;
+my %accessed;
+my $kicks=0;
+my $hits=0;
+sub make_key {
+    my ($name,$id) = @_;
+    if (length($id) > 65 
+	&& length(&escape($id)) > 200) {
+	$id=length($id).':'.&Digest::MD5::md5_hex($id);
+    }
+    return &escape($name.':'.$id);
+}
+
+sub devalidate_cache_new {
+    my ($name,$id,$debug) = @_;
+    if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("deleting $name:$id"); }
+    my $remembered_id=$name.':'.$id;
+    $id=&make_key($name,$id);
+    $memcache->delete($id);
+    delete($remembered{$remembered_id});
+    delete($accessed{$remembered_id});
+}
+
+sub is_cached_new {
+    my ($name,$id,$debug) = @_;
+    my $remembered_id=$name.':'.$id; # this is to avoid make_key (which is slow) whenever possible
+    if (exists($remembered{$remembered_id})) {
+	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("Early return $remembered_id of $remembered{$remembered_id} "); }
+	$accessed{$remembered_id}=[&gettimeofday()];
+	$hits++;
+	return ($remembered{$remembered_id},1);
+    }
+    $id=&make_key($name,$id);
+    my $value = $memcache->get($id);
+    if (!(defined($value))) {
+	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("getting $id is not defined"); }
+	return (undef,undef);
+    }
+    if ($value eq '__undef__') {
+	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("getting $id is __undef__"); }
+	$value=undef;
+    }
+    &make_room($remembered_id,$value,$debug);
+    if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("getting $id is $value"); }
+    return ($value,1);
+}
+
+sub do_cache_new {
+    my ($name,$id,$value,$time,$debug) = @_;
+    my $remembered_id=$name.':'.$id;
+    $id=&make_key($name,$id);
+    my $setvalue=$value;
+    if (!defined($setvalue)) {
+	$setvalue='__undef__';
+    }
+    if (!defined($time) ) {
+	$time=600;
+    }
+    if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("Setting $id to $value"); }
+    my $result = $memcache->set($id,$setvalue,$time);
+    if (! $result) {
+	&logthis("caching of id -> $id  failed");
+	$memcache->disconnect_all();
+    }
+    # need to make a copy of $value
+    &make_room($remembered_id,$value,$debug);
+    return $value;
+}
+
+sub make_room {
+    my ($remembered_id,$value,$debug)=@_;
+
+    $remembered{$remembered_id}= (ref($value)) ? &Storable::dclone($value)
+                                    : $value;
+    if ($to_remember<0) { return; }
+    $accessed{$remembered_id}=[&gettimeofday()];
+    if (scalar(keys(%remembered)) <= $to_remember) { return; }
+    my $to_kick;
+    my $max_time=0;
+    foreach my $other (keys(%accessed)) {
+	if (&tv_interval($accessed{$other}) > $max_time) {
+	    $to_kick=$other;
+	    $max_time=&tv_interval($accessed{$other});
+	}
+    }
+    delete($remembered{$to_kick});
+    delete($accessed{$to_kick});
+    $kicks++;
+    if ($debug) { &logthis("kicking $to_kick $max_time $kicks\n"); }
+    return;
 }
 
+sub purge_remembered {
+    #&logthis("Tossing ".scalar(keys(%remembered)));
+    #&logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%remembered',length(&freeze(\%remembered))));
+    undef(%remembered);
+    undef(%accessed);
+}
 # ------------------------------------- Read an entry from a user's environment
 
 sub userenvironment {
     my ($udom,$unam,@what)=@_;
+    my $items;
+    foreach my $item (@what) {
+        $items.=&escape($item).'&';
+    }
+    $items=~s/\&$//;
     my %returnhash=();
-    my @answer=split(/\&/,
-                &reply('get:'.$udom.':'.$unam.':environment:'.join('&',@what),
-                      &homeserver($unam,$udom)));
-    my $i;
-    for ($i=0;$i<=$#what;$i++) {
-	$returnhash{$what[$i]}=&unescape($answer[$i]);
+    my $uhome = &homeserver($unam,$udom);
+    unless ($uhome eq 'no_host') {
+        my @answer=split(/\&/, 
+            &reply('get:'.$udom.':'.$unam.':environment:'.$items,$uhome));
+        if ($#answer==0 && $answer[0] =~ /^(con_lost|error:|no_such_host)/i) {
+            return %returnhash;
+        }
+        my $i;
+        for ($i=0;$i<=$#what;$i++) {
+	    $returnhash{$what[$i]}=&unescape($answer[$i]);
+        }
     }
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Get a studentphoto
+sub studentphoto {
+    my ($udom,$unam,$ext) = @_;
+    my $home=&Apache::lonnet::homeserver($unam,$udom);
+    if (defined($env{'request.course.id'})) {
+        if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.internal.showphoto'}) {
+            if ($udom eq $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'}) {
+                return(&retrievestudentphoto($udom,$unam,$ext)); 
+            } else {
+                my ($result,$perm_reqd)=
+		    &Apache::lonnet::auto_photo_permission($unam,$udom);
+                if ($result eq 'ok') {
+                    if (!($perm_reqd eq 'yes')) {
+                        return(&retrievestudentphoto($udom,$unam,$ext));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        my ($result,$perm_reqd) = 
+	    &Apache::lonnet::auto_photo_permission($unam,$udom);
+        if ($result eq 'ok') {
+            if (!($perm_reqd eq 'yes')) {
+                return(&retrievestudentphoto($udom,$unam,$ext));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return '/adm/lonKaputt/lonlogo_broken.gif';
+}
+
+sub retrievestudentphoto {
+    my ($udom,$unam,$ext,$type) = @_;
+    my $home=&Apache::lonnet::homeserver($unam,$udom);
+    my $ret=&Apache::lonnet::reply("studentphoto:$udom:$unam:$ext:$type",$home);
+    if ($ret eq 'ok') {
+        my $url="/uploaded/$udom/$unam/internal/studentphoto.$ext";
+        if ($type eq 'thumbnail') {
+            $url="/uploaded/$udom/$unam/internal/studentphoto_tn.$ext"; 
+        }
+        my $tokenurl=&Apache::lonnet::tokenwrapper($url);
+        return $tokenurl;
+    } else {
+        if ($type eq 'thumbnail') {
+            return '/adm/lonKaputt/genericstudent_tn.gif';
+        } else { 
+            return '/adm/lonKaputt/lonlogo_broken.gif';
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- New chat
 
 sub chatsend {
-    my ($newentry,$anon)=@_;
-    my $cnum=$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
-    my $cdom=$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
-    my $chome=$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
+    my ($newentry,$anon,$group)=@_;
+    my $cnum=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+    my $cdom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+    my $chome=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
     &reply('chatsend:'.$cdom.':'.$cnum.':'.
-	   &escape($ENV{'user.domain'}.':'.$ENV{'user.name'}.':'.$anon.':'.
-		   &escape($newentry)),$chome);
+	   &escape($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$anon.':'.
+		   &escape($newentry)).':'.$group,$chome);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------ Find current version of a resource
+
+sub getversion {
+    my $fname=&clutter(shift);
+    unless ($fname=~m{^(/adm/wrapper|)/res/}) { return -1; }
+    return &currentversion(&filelocation('',$fname));
+}
+
+sub currentversion {
+    my $fname=shift;
+    my $author=$fname;
+    $author=~s/\/home\/httpd\/html\/res\/([^\/]*)\/([^\/]*).*/$1\/$2/;
+    my ($udom,$uname)=split(/\//,$author);
+    my $home=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    if ($home eq 'no_host') { 
+        return -1; 
+    }
+    my $answer=&reply("currentversion:$fname",$home);
+    if (($answer eq 'con_lost') || ($answer eq 'rejected')) {
+	return -1;
+    }
+    return $answer;
+}
+
+#
+# Return special version number of resource if set by override, empty otherwise
+#
+sub usedversion {
+    my $fname=shift;
+    unless ($fname) { $fname=$env{'request.uri'}; }
+    my ($urlversion)=($fname=~/\.(\d+)\.\w+$/);
+    if ($urlversion) { return $urlversion; }
+    return '';
 }
 
 # ----------------------------- Subscribe to a resource, return URL if possible
 
 sub subscribe {
     my $fname=shift;
+    if ($fname=~/\/(aboutme|syllabus|bulletinboard|smppg)$/) { return ''; }
+    $fname=~s/[\n\r]//g;
     my $author=$fname;
     $author=~s/\/home\/httpd\/html\/res\/([^\/]*)\/([^\/]*).*/$1\/$2/;
     my ($udom,$uname)=split(/\//,$author);
     my $home=homeserver($uname,$udom);
-    if ($home eq 'no_host') { 
-        return 'not_found'; 
+    if ($home eq 'no_host') {
+        return 'not_found';
     }
     my $answer=reply("sub:$fname",$home);
     if (($answer eq 'con_lost') || ($answer eq 'rejected')) {
@@ -667,21 +3053,29 @@ sub subscribe {
 sub repcopy {
     my $filename=shift;
     $filename=~s/\/+/\//g;
-    if ($filename=~/^\/home\/httpd\/html\/adm\//) { return OK; }
+    my $londocroot = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
+    if ($filename=~m{^\Q$londocroot/adm/\E}) { return 'ok'; }
+    if ($filename=~m{^\Q/home/httpd/lonUsers/\E}) { return 'ok'; }
+    if ($filename=~m{^\Q$londocroot/userfiles/\E} or
+	$filename=~m{^/*(uploaded|editupload)/}) {
+	return &repcopy_userfile($filename);
+    }
+    $filename=~s/[\n\r]//g;
     my $transname="$filename.in.transfer";
-    if ((-e $filename) || (-e $transname)) { return OK; }
+# FIXME: this should flock
+    if ((-e $filename) || (-e $transname)) { return 'ok'; }
     my $remoteurl=subscribe($filename);
     if ($remoteurl =~ /^con_lost by/) {
 	   &logthis("Subscribe returned $remoteurl: $filename");
-           return HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE;
+           return 'unavailable';
     } elsif ($remoteurl eq 'not_found') {
-	   &logthis("Subscribe returned not_found: $filename");
-	   return HTTP_NOT_FOUND;
+	   #&logthis("Subscribe returned not_found: $filename");
+	   return 'not_found';
     } elsif ($remoteurl =~ /^rejected by/) {
 	   &logthis("Subscribe returned $remoteurl: $filename");
-           return FORBIDDEN;
+           return 'forbidden';
     } elsif ($remoteurl eq 'directory') {
-           return OK;
+           return 'ok';
     } else {
         my $author=$filename;
         $author=~s/\/home\/httpd\/html\/res\/([^\/]*)\/([^\/]*).*/$1\/$2/;
@@ -690,9 +3084,9 @@ sub repcopy {
         unless ($home eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
            my @parts=split(/\//,$filename);
            my $path="/$parts[1]/$parts[2]/$parts[3]/$parts[4]";
-           if ($path ne "$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}/res") {
+           if ($path ne "$londocroot/res") {
                &logthis("Malconfiguration for replication: $filename");
-	       return HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
+	       return 'bad_request';
            }
            my $count;
            for ($count=5;$count<$#parts;$count++) {
@@ -701,104 +3095,815 @@ sub repcopy {
 		   mkdir($path,0777);
                }
            }
-           my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
            my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$remoteurl");
-           my $response=$ua->request($request,$transname);
+           my $response;
+           if ($remoteurl =~ m{/raw/}) {
+               $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$request,$transname,\%perlvar,'',0,1);
+           } else {
+               $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$request,$transname,\%perlvar,'',1);
+           }
            if ($response->is_error()) {
 	       unlink($transname);
                my $message=$response->status_line;
-               &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING:"
+               &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:"
                        ." LWP get: $message: $filename</font>");
-               return HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE;
+               return 'unavailable';
            } else {
 	       if ($remoteurl!~/\.meta$/) {
                   my $mrequest=new HTTP::Request('GET',$remoteurl.'.meta');
-                  my $mresponse=$ua->request($mrequest,$filename.'.meta');
+                  my $mresponse;
+                  if ($remoteurl =~ m{/raw/}) {
+                      $mresponse = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$mrequest,$filename.'.meta',\%perlvar,'',0,1);
+                  } else {
+                      $mresponse = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($home,$mrequest,$filename.'.meta',\%perlvar,'',1);
+                  }
                   if ($mresponse->is_error()) {
 		      unlink($filename.'.meta');
                       &logthis(
-                     "<font color=yellow>INFO: No metadata: $filename</font>");
+                     "<font color=\"yellow\">INFO: No metadata: $filename</font>");
                   }
 	       }
                rename($transname,$filename);
-               return OK;
+               return 'ok';
            }
        }
     }
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------ Get server side include body
+sub ssi_body {
+    my ($filelink,%form)=@_;
+    if (! exists($form{'LONCAPA_INTERNAL_no_discussion'})) {
+        $form{'LONCAPA_INTERNAL_no_discussion'}='true';
+    }
+    my $output='';
+    my $response;
+    if ($filelink=~/^https?\:/) {
+       ($output,$response)=&externalssi($filelink);
+    } else {
+       $filelink .= $filelink=~/\?/ ? '&' : '?';
+       $filelink .= 'inhibitmenu=yes';
+       ($output,$response)=&ssi($filelink,%form);
+    }
+    $output=~s|//(\s*<!--)? BEGIN LON-CAPA Internal.+?// END LON-CAPA Internal\s*(-->)?\s||gs;
+    $output=~s/^.*?\<body[^\>]*\>//si;
+    $output=~s/\<\/body\s*\>.*?$//si;
+    if (wantarray) {
+        return ($output, $response);
+    } else {
+        return $output;
+    }
+}
+
 # --------------------------------------------------------- Server Side Include
 
+sub absolute_url {
+    my ($host_name) = @_;
+    my $protocol = ($ENV{'SERVER_PORT'} == 443?'https://':'http://');
+    if ($host_name eq '') {
+	$host_name = $ENV{'SERVER_NAME'};
+    }
+    return $protocol.$host_name;
+}
+
+#
+#   Server side include.
+# Parameters:
+#  fn     Possibly encrypted resource name/id.
+#  form   Hash that describes how the rendering should be done
+#         and other things.
+# Returns:
+#   Scalar context: The content of the response.
+#   Array context:  2 element list of the content and the full response object.
+#     
 sub ssi {
 
     my ($fn,%form)=@_;
-
-    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
-    
     my $request;
-    
+
+    $form{'no_update_last_known'}=1;
+    &Apache::lonenc::check_encrypt(\$fn);
     if (%form) {
-      $request=new HTTP::Request('POST',"http://".$ENV{'HTTP_HOST'}.$fn);
-      $request->content(join('&',map { &escape($_).'='.&escape($form{$_}) } keys %form));
+      $request=new HTTP::Request('POST',&absolute_url().$fn);
+      $request->content(join('&',map { 
+            my $name = escape($_);
+            "$name=" . ( ref($form{$_}) eq 'ARRAY' 
+            ? join("&$name=", map {escape($_) } @{$form{$_}}) 
+            : &escape($form{$_}) );    
+        } keys(%form)));
     } else {
-      $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"http://".$ENV{'HTTP_HOST'}.$fn);
+      $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',&absolute_url().$fn);
     }
 
     $request->header(Cookie => $ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'});
-    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $response= &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($lonhost,$request,'',\%perlvar);
 
-    return $response->content;
+    if (wantarray) {
+	return ($response->content, $response);
+    } else {
+	return $response->content;
+    }
 }
 
-# ------- Add a token to a remote URI's query string to vouch for access rights
+sub externalssi {
+    my ($url)=@_;
+    my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$url);
+    my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest('',$request,'',\%perlvar);
+    if (wantarray) {
+        return ($response->content, $response);
+    } else {
+        return $response->content;
+    }
+}
 
-sub tokenwrapper {
-    my $uri=shift;
-    $uri=~s/^http\:\/\/([^\/]+)//;
-    $uri=~s/^\///;
-    $ENV{'user.environment'}=~/\/([^\/]+)\.id/;
-    my $token=$1;
-    if ($uri=~/^uploaded\/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)(\?\.*)*$/) {
-	&appenv('userfile.'.$1.'/'.$2.'/'.$3 => $ENV{'request.course.id'});
-        return 'http://'.$hostname{ &homeserver($2,$1)}.'/'.$uri.
-               (($uri=~/\?/)?'&':'?').'token='.$token;
+
+# If the local copy of a replicated resource is outdated, trigger a  
+# connection from the homeserver to flush the delayed queue. If no update 
+# happens, remove local copies of outdated resource (and corresponding
+# metadata file).
+
+sub remove_stale_resfile {
+    my ($url) = @_;
+    my $removed;
+    if ($url=~m{^/res/($match_domain)/($match_username)/}) {
+        my $audom = $1;
+        my $auname = $2;
+        unless (($url =~ /\.\d+\.\w+$/) || ($url =~ m{^/res/lib/templates/})) {
+            my $homeserver = &homeserver($auname,$audom);
+            unless (($homeserver eq 'no_host') ||
+                    (grep { $_ eq $homeserver } &current_machine_ids())) {
+                my $fname = &filelocation('',$url);
+                if (-e $fname) {
+                    my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
+                    $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+                    my $hostname = &hostname($homeserver);
+                    if ($hostname) {
+                        my $uri = &declutter($url);
+                        my $request=new HTTP::Request('HEAD',$protocol.'://'.$hostname.'/raw/'.$uri);
+                        my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($homeserver,$request,'',\%perlvar,5,0,1);
+                        if ($response->is_success()) {
+                            my $remmodtime = &HTTP::Date::str2time( $response->header('Last-modified') );
+                            my $locmodtime = (stat($fname))[9];
+                            if ($locmodtime < $remmodtime) {
+                                my $stale;
+                                my $answer = &reply('pong',$homeserver);
+                                if ($answer eq $homeserver.':'.$perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
+                                    sleep(0.2);
+                                    $locmodtime = (stat($fname))[9];
+                                    if ($locmodtime < $remmodtime) {
+                                        my $posstransfer = $fname.'.in.transfer';
+                                        if ((-e $posstransfer) && ($remmodtime < (stat($posstransfer))[9])) {
+                                            $removed = 1;
+                                        } else {
+                                            $stale = 1;
+                                        }
+                                    } else {
+                                        $removed = 1;
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    $stale = 1;
+                                }
+                                if ($stale) {
+                                    unlink($fname);
+                                    if ($uri!~/\.meta$/) {
+                                        unlink($fname.'.meta');
+                                    }
+                                    &reply("unsub:$fname",$homeserver);
+                                    $removed = 1;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $removed;
+}
+
+# -------------------------------- Allow a /uploaded/ URI to be vouched for
+
+sub allowuploaded {
+    my ($srcurl,$url)=@_;
+    $url=&clutter(&declutter($url));
+    my $dir=$url;
+    $dir=~s/\/[^\/]+$//;
+    my %httpref=();
+    my $httpurl=&hreflocation('',$url);
+    $httpref{'httpref.'.$httpurl}=$srcurl;
+    &Apache::lonnet::appenv(\%httpref);
+}
+
+#
+# Determine if the current user should be able to edit a particular resource,
+# when viewing in course context.
+# (a) When viewing resource used to determine if "Edit" item is included in 
+#     Functions.
+# (b) When displaying folder contents in course editor, used to determine if
+#     "Edit" link will be displayed alongside resource.
+#
+#  input: six args -- filename (decluttered), course number, course domain,
+#                   url, symb (if registered) and group (if this is a group
+#                   item -- e.g., bulletin board, group page etc.).
+#  output: array of five scalars -- 
+#          $cfile -- url for file editing if editable on current server
+#          $home -- homeserver of resource (i.e., for author if published,
+#                                           or course if uploaded.).
+#          $switchserver --  1 if server switch will be needed.
+#          $forceedit -- 1 if icon/link should be to go to edit mode 
+#          $forceview -- 1 if icon/link should be to go to view mode
+#
+
+sub can_edit_resource {
+    my ($file,$cnum,$cdom,$resurl,$symb,$group) = @_;
+    my ($cfile,$home,$switchserver,$forceedit,$forceview,$uploaded,$incourse);
+#
+# For aboutme pages user can only edit his/her own.
+#
+    if ($resurl =~ m{^/?adm/($match_domain)/($match_username)/aboutme$}) {
+        my ($sdom,$sname) = ($1,$2);
+        if (($sdom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($sname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+            $home = $env{'user.home'};
+            $cfile = $resurl;
+            if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                $forceview = 1;
+            } else {
+                $forceedit = 1;
+            }
+            return ($cfile,$home,$switchserver,$forceedit,$forceview);
+        } else {
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
+        my $crsedit = &Apache::lonnet::allowed('mdc',$env{'request.course.id'});
+        if ($group ne '') {
+# if this is a group homepage or group bulletin board, check group privs
+            my $allowed = 0;
+            if ($resurl =~ m{^/?adm/$cdom/$cnum/$group/smppg$}) {
+                if ((&allowed('mdg',$env{'request.course.id'}.
+                              ($env{'request.course.sec'}?'/'.$env{'request.course.sec'}:''))) ||
+                        (&allowed('mgh',$env{'request.course.id'}.'/'.$group)) || $crsedit) {
+                    $allowed = 1;
+                }
+            } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/?adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/bulletinboard$}) {
+                if ((&allowed('mdg',$env{'request.course.id'}.($env{'request.course.sec'}?'/'.$env{'request.course.sec'}:''))) ||
+                        (&allowed('cgb',$env{'request.course.id'}.'/'.$group)) || $crsedit) {
+                    $allowed = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($allowed) {
+                $home=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+                if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                    $forceview = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $forceedit = 1;
+                }
+                $cfile = $resurl;
+            } else {
+                return;
+            }
+        } else {
+            if ($resurl =~ m{^/?adm/viewclasslist$}) {
+                unless (&Apache::lonnet::allowed('opa',$env{'request.course.id'})) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            } elsif (!$crsedit) {
+#
+# No edit allowed where CC has switched to student role.
+#
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ($file ne '') {
+        if (($cnum =~ /$match_courseid/) && ($cdom =~ /$match_domain/)) {
+            if (&is_course_upload($file,$cnum,$cdom)) {
+                $uploaded = 1;
+                $incourse = 1;
+                if ($file =~/\.(htm|html|css|js|txt)$/) {
+                    $cfile = &hreflocation('',$file);
+                    if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                        $forceview = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $forceedit = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/public/$cdom/$cnum/syllabus}) {
+                $incourse = 1;
+                if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                    $forceview = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $forceedit = 1;
+                }
+                $cfile = $resurl;
+            } elsif (($resurl ne '') && (&is_on_map($resurl))) { 
+                if ($resurl =~ m{^/adm/$match_domain/$match_username/\d+/smppg|bulletinboard$}) {
+                    $incourse = 1;
+                    if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                        $forceview = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $forceedit = 1;
+                    }
+                    $cfile = $resurl;
+                } elsif ($resurl eq '/res/lib/templates/simpleproblem.problem') {
+                    $incourse = 1;
+                    $cfile = $resurl.'/smpedit';
+                } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/ext/}) {
+                    $incourse = 1;
+                    if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                        $forceview = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $forceedit = 1;
+                    }
+                    $cfile = $resurl;
+                } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/ext\.tool$}) {
+                    $incourse = 1;
+                    if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                        $forceview = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $forceedit = 1;
+                    }
+                    $cfile = $resurl;
+                } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/?adm/viewclasslist$}) {
+                    $incourse = 1;
+                    if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                        $forceview = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $forceedit = 1;
+                    }
+                    $cfile = ($resurl =~ m{^/} ? $resurl : "/$resurl");
+                }
+            } elsif ($resurl eq '/res/lib/templates/simpleproblem.problem/smpedit') {
+                my $template = '/res/lib/templates/simpleproblem.problem';
+                if (&is_on_map($template)) { 
+                    $incourse = 1;
+                    $forceview = 1;
+                    $cfile = $template;
+                }
+            } elsif (($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/ext/}) && ($env{'form.folderpath'} =~ /^supplemental/)) {
+                    $incourse = 1;
+                    if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                        $forceview = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $forceedit = 1;
+                    }
+                    $cfile = $resurl;
+            } elsif (($resurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/ext\.tool$}) && ($env{'form.folderpath'} =~ /^supplemental/)) {
+                $incourse = 1;
+                if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                    $forceview = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $forceedit = 1;
+                }
+                $cfile = $resurl;
+            } elsif (($resurl eq '/adm/extresedit') && ($symb || $env{'form.folderpath'})) {
+                $incourse = 1;
+                $forceview = 1;
+                if ($symb) {
+                    my ($map,$id,$res)=&decode_symb($symb);
+                    $env{'request.symb'} = $symb;
+                    $cfile = &clutter($res);
+                } else {
+                    $cfile = $env{'form.suppurl'};
+                    my $escfile = &unescape($cfile);
+                    if ($escfile =~ m{^/adm/$cdom/$cnum/\d+/ext\.tool$}) {
+                        $cfile = '/adm/wrapper'.$escfile;
+                    } else {
+                        $escfile =~ s{^http://}{};
+                        $cfile = &escape("/adm/wrapper/ext/$escfile");
+                    }
+                }
+            } elsif ($resurl =~ m{^/?adm/viewclasslist$}) {
+                if ($env{'form.forceedit'}) {
+                    $forceview = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $forceedit = 1;
+                }
+                $cfile = ($resurl =~ m{^/} ? $resurl : "/$resurl");
+            }
+        }
+        if ($uploaded || $incourse) {
+            $home=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+        } elsif ($file !~ m{/$}) {
+            $file=~s{^(priv/$match_domain/$match_username)}{/$1};
+            $file=~s{^($match_domain/$match_username)}{/priv/$1};
+            # Check that the user has permission to edit this resource
+            my $setpriv = 1;
+            my ($cfuname,$cfudom)=&constructaccess($file,$setpriv);
+            if (defined($cfudom)) {
+                $home=&homeserver($cfuname,$cfudom);
+                $cfile=$file;
+            }
+        }
+        if (($cfile ne '') && (!$incourse || $uploaded) && 
+            (($home ne '') && ($home ne 'no_host'))) {
+            my @ids=&current_machine_ids();
+            unless (grep(/^\Q$home\E$/,@ids)) {
+                $switchserver=1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($cfile,$home,$switchserver,$forceedit,$forceview);
+}
+
+sub is_course_upload {
+    my ($file,$cnum,$cdom) = @_;
+    my $uploadpath = &LONCAPA::propath($cdom,$cnum);
+    $uploadpath =~ s{^\/}{};
+    if (($file =~ m{^\Q$uploadpath\E/userfiles/(docs|supplemental)/}) ||
+        ($file =~ m{^userfiles/\Q$cdom\E/\Q$cnum\E/(docs|supplemental)/})) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub in_course {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$cdom,$cnum,$type,$hideprivileged) = @_;
+    if ($hideprivileged) {
+        my $skipuser;
+        my %coursehash = &coursedescription($cdom.'_'.$cnum);
+        my @possdoms = ($cdom);  
+        if ($coursehash{'checkforpriv'}) { 
+            push(@possdoms,split(/,/,$coursehash{'checkforpriv'})); 
+        }
+        if (&privileged($uname,$udom,\@possdoms)) {
+            $skipuser = 1;
+            if ($coursehash{'nothideprivileged'}) {
+                foreach my $item (split(/\s*\,\s*/,$coursehash{'nothideprivileged'})) {
+                    my $user;
+                    if ($item =~ /:/) {
+                        $user = $item;
+                    } else {
+                        $user = join(':',split(/[\@]/,$item));
+                    }
+                    if ($user eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                        undef($skipuser);
+                        last;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($skipuser) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    $type ||= 'any';
+    if (!defined($cdom) || !defined($cnum)) {
+        my $cid  = $env{'request.course.id'};
+        $cdom = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+        $cnum = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'};
+    }
+    my $typesref;
+    if (($type eq 'any') || ($type eq 'all')) {
+        $typesref = ['active','previous','future'];
+    } elsif ($type eq 'previous' || $type eq 'future') {
+        $typesref = [$type];
+    }
+    my %roles = &get_my_roles($uname,$udom,'userroles',
+                              $typesref,undef,[$cdom]);
+    my ($tmp) = keys(%roles);
+    return 0 if ($tmp =~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i);
+    my @course_roles = grep(/^\Q$cnum\E:\Q$cdom\E:/, keys(%roles));
+    if (@course_roles > 0) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+# --------- File operations in /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course
+# input: action, courseID, current domain, intended
+#        path to file, source of file, instruction to parse file for objects,
+#        ref to hash for embedded objects,
+#        ref to hash for codebase of java objects.
+#        reference to scalar to accommodate mime type determined
+#          from File::MMagic if $parser = parse.
+#
+# output: url to file (if action was uploaddoc), 
+#         ok if successful, or diagnostic message otherwise (if action was propagate or copy)
+#
+# Allows directory structure to be used within lonUsers/../userfiles/ for a 
+# course.
+#
+# action = propagate - /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course/$file
+#          will be copied to /home/httpd/lonUsers/1/2/3/$course/userfiles in
+#          course's home server.
+#
+# action = copy - /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course/$file will
+#          be copied from $source (current location) to 
+#          /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course/$file
+#         and will then be copied to
+#          /home/httpd/lonUsers/$domain/1/2/3/$course/userfiles/$file in
+#         course's home server.
+#
+# action = uploaddoc - /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course/$file
+#         will be retrived from $env{form.uploaddoc} (from DOCS interface) to
+#         /home/httpd/html/userfiles/$domain/1/2/3/$course/$file
+#         and will then be copied to /home/httpd/lonUsers/1/2/3/$course/userfiles/$file
+#         in course's home server.
+#
+
+sub process_coursefile {
+    my ($action,$docuname,$docudom,$file,$source,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
+        $mimetype)=@_;
+    my $fetchresult;
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    if ($action eq 'propagate') {
+        $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file,
+			     $home);
     } else {
-	return '/adm/notfound.html';
+        my $fpath = '';
+        my $fname = $file;
+        ($fpath,$fname) = ($file =~ m|^(.*)/([^/]+)$|);
+        $fpath=$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$fpath;
+        my $filepath = &build_filepath($fpath);
+        if ($action eq 'copy') {
+            if ($source eq '') {
+                $fetchresult = 'no source file';
+                return $fetchresult;
+            } else {
+                my $destination = $filepath.'/'.$fname;
+                rename($source,$destination);
+                $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file,
+                                 $home);
+            }
+        } elsif ($action eq 'uploaddoc') {
+            open(my $fh,'>',$filepath.'/'.$fname);
+            print $fh $env{'form.'.$source};
+            close($fh);
+            if ($parser eq 'parse') {
+                my $mm = new File::MMagic;
+                my $type = $mm->checktype_filename($filepath.'/'.$fname);
+                if ($type eq 'text/html') {
+                    my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$fname,$allfiles,$codebase);
+                    unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
+                        &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.'/'.$fname.' for embedded media: '.$parse_result);
+                    }
+                }
+                if (ref($mimetype)) {
+                    $$mimetype = $type;
+                } 
+            }
+            $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file,
+                                 $home);
+            if ($fetchresult eq 'ok') {
+                return '/uploaded/'.$fpath.'/'.$fname;
+            } else {
+                &logthis('Failed to transfer '.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file.
+                        ' to host '.$home.': '.$fetchresult);
+                return '/adm/notfound.html';
+            }
+        }
     }
+    unless ( $fetchresult eq 'ok') {
+        &logthis('Failed to transfer '.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file.
+             ' to host '.$home.': '.$fetchresult);
+    }
+    return $fetchresult;
+}
+
+sub build_filepath {
+    my ($fpath) = @_;
+    my $filepath=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/userfiles';
+    unless ($fpath eq '') {
+        my @parts=split('/',$fpath);
+        foreach my $part (@parts) {
+            $filepath.= '/'.$part;
+            if ((-e $filepath)!=1) {
+                mkdir($filepath,0777);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $filepath;
 }
-    
+
+sub store_edited_file {
+    my ($primary_url,$content,$docudom,$docuname,$fetchresult) = @_;
+    my $file = $primary_url;
+    $file =~ s#^/uploaded/$docudom/$docuname/##;
+    my $fpath = '';
+    my $fname = $file;
+    ($fpath,$fname) = ($file =~ m|^(.*)/([^/]+)$|);
+    $fpath=$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$fpath;
+    my $filepath = &build_filepath($fpath);
+    open(my $fh,'>',$filepath.'/'.$fname);
+    print $fh $content;
+    close($fh);
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    $$fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file,
+			  $home);
+    if ($$fetchresult eq 'ok') {
+        return '/uploaded/'.$fpath.'/'.$fname;
+    } else {
+        &logthis('Failed to transfer '.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file.
+		 ' to host '.$home.': '.$$fetchresult);
+        return '/adm/notfound.html';
+    }
+}
+
+sub clean_filename {
+    my ($fname,$args)=@_;
+# Replace Windows backslashes by forward slashes
+    $fname=~s/\\/\//g;
+    if (!$args->{'keep_path'}) {
+        # Get rid of everything but the actual filename
+	$fname=~s/^.*\/([^\/]+)$/$1/;
+    }
+# Replace spaces by underscores
+    $fname=~s/\s+/\_/g;
+# Replace all other weird characters by nothing
+    $fname=~s{[^/\w\.\-]}{}g;
+# Replace all .\d. sequences with _\d. so they no longer look like version
+# numbers
+    $fname=~s/\.(\d+)(?=\.)/_$1/g;
+    return $fname;
+}
+# This Function checks if an Image's dimensions exceed either $resizewidth (width) 
+# or $resizeheight (height) - both pixels. If so, the image is scaled to produce an 
+# image with the same aspect ratio as the original, but with dimensions which do 
+# not exceed $resizewidth and $resizeheight.
+ 
+sub resizeImage {
+    my ($img_path,$resizewidth,$resizeheight) = @_;
+    my $ima = Image::Magick->new;
+    my $resized;
+    if (-e $img_path) {
+        $ima->Read($img_path);
+        if (($resizewidth =~ /^\d+$/) && ($resizeheight > 0)) {
+            my $width = $ima->Get('width');
+            my $height = $ima->Get('height');
+            if ($width > $resizewidth) {
+	        my $factor = $width/$resizewidth;
+                my $newheight = $height/$factor;
+                $ima->Scale(width=>$resizewidth,height=>$newheight);
+                $resized = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (($resizeheight =~ /^\d+$/) && ($resizeheight > 0)) {
+            my $width = $ima->Get('width');
+            my $height = $ima->Get('height');
+            if ($height > $resizeheight) {
+                my $factor = $height/$resizeheight;
+                my $newwidth = $width/$factor;
+                $ima->Scale(width=>$newwidth,height=>$resizeheight);
+                $resized = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($resized) {
+            $ima->Write($img_path);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 # --------------- Take an uploaded file and put it into the userfiles directory
-# input: name of form element, coursedoc=1 means this is for the course
-# output: url of file in userspace
+# input: $formname - the contents of the file are in $env{"form.$formname"}
+#                    the desired filename is in $env{"form.$formname.filename"}
+#        $context - possible values: coursedoc, existingfile, overwrite, 
+#                                    canceloverwrite, or ''. 
+#                   if 'coursedoc': upload to the current course
+#                   if 'existingfile': write file to tmp/overwrites directory 
+#                   if 'canceloverwrite': delete file written to tmp/overwrites directory
+#                   $context is passed as argument to &finishuserfileupload
+#        $subdir - directory in userfile to store the file into
+#        $parser - instruction to parse file for objects ($parser = parse)    
+#        $allfiles - reference to hash for embedded objects
+#        $codebase - reference to hash for codebase of java objects
+#        $desuname - username for permanent storage of uploaded file
+#        $dsetudom - domain for permanaent storage of uploaded file
+#        $thumbwidth - width (pixels) of thumbnail to make for uploaded image 
+#        $thumbheight - height (pixels) of thumbnail to make for uploaded image
+#        $resizewidth - width (pixels) to which to resize uploaded image
+#        $resizeheight - height (pixels) to which to resize uploaded image
+#        $mimetype - reference to scalar to accommodate mime type determined
+#                    from File::MMagic.
+# 
+# output: url of file in userspace, or error: <message> 
+#             or /adm/notfound.html if failure to upload occurse
 
 sub userfileupload {
-    my ($formname,$coursedoc)=@_;
-    my $fname=$ENV{'form.'.$formname.'.filename'};
-    $fname=~s/\\/\//g;
-    $fname=~s/^.*\/([^\/]+)$/$1/;
+    my ($formname,$context,$subdir,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,$destuname,
+        $destudom,$thumbwidth,$thumbheight,$resizewidth,$resizeheight,$mimetype)=@_;
+    if (!defined($subdir)) { $subdir='unknown'; }
+    my $fname=$env{'form.'.$formname.'.filename'};
+    $fname=&clean_filename($fname);
+    # See if there is anything left
     unless ($fname) { return 'error: no uploaded file'; }
-    chop($ENV{'form.'.$formname});
-# Create the directory if not present
-    my $docuname='';
-    my $docudom='';
-    my $docuhome='';
-    if ($coursedoc) {
-	$docuname=$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
-	$docudom=$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
-	$docuhome=$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
-    } else {
-        $docuname=$ENV{'user.name'};
-        $docudom=$ENV{'user.domain'};
-        $docuhome=$ENV{'user.home'};
+    # Files uploaded to help request form, or uploaded to "create course" page are handled differently
+    if ((($formname eq 'screenshot') && ($subdir eq 'helprequests')) ||
+        (($formname eq 'coursecreatorxml') && ($subdir eq 'batchupload')) ||
+         ($context eq 'existingfile') || ($context eq 'canceloverwrite')) {
+        my $now = time;
+        my $filepath;
+        if (($formname eq 'screenshot') && ($subdir eq 'helprequests')) {
+             $filepath = 'tmp/helprequests/'.$now;
+        } elsif (($formname eq 'coursecreatorxml') && ($subdir eq 'batchupload')) {
+             $filepath = 'tmp/addcourse/'.$destudom.'/web/'.$env{'user.name'}.
+                         '_'.$env{'user.domain'}.'/pending';
+        } elsif (($context eq 'existingfile') || ($context eq 'canceloverwrite')) {
+            my ($docuname,$docudom);
+            if ($destudom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+                $docudom = $destudom;
+            } else {
+                $docudom = $env{'user.domain'};
+            }
+            if ($destuname =~ /^$match_username$/) {
+                $docuname = $destuname;
+            } else {
+                $docuname = $env{'user.name'};
+            }
+            if (exists($env{'form.group'})) {
+                $docuname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+                $docudom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+            }
+            $filepath = 'tmp/overwrites/'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$subdir;
+            if ($context eq 'canceloverwrite') {
+                my $tempfile =  $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/'.$filepath.'/'.$fname;
+                if (-e  $tempfile) {
+                    my @info = stat($tempfile);
+                    if ($info[9] eq $env{'form.timestamp'}) {
+                        unlink($tempfile);
+                    }
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        # Create the directory if not present
+        my @parts=split(/\//,$filepath);
+        my $fullpath = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
+        for (my $i=0;$i<@parts;$i++) {
+            $fullpath .= '/'.$parts[$i];
+            if ((-e $fullpath)!=1) {
+                mkdir($fullpath,0777);
+            }
+        }
+        open(my $fh,'>',$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
+        print $fh $env{'form.'.$formname};
+        close($fh);
+        if ($context eq 'existingfile') {
+            my @info = stat($fullpath.'/'.$fname);
+            return ($fullpath.'/'.$fname,$info[9]);
+        } else {
+            return $fullpath.'/'.$fname;
+        }
+    }
+    if ($subdir eq 'scantron') {
+        $fname = 'scantron_orig_'.$fname;
+    } else {
+        $fname="$subdir/$fname";
+    }
+    if ($context eq 'coursedoc') {
+	my $docuname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+	my $docudom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+        if ($env{'form.folder'} =~ m/^(default|supplemental)/) {
+            return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,
+					 $formname,$fname,$parser,$allfiles,
+					 $codebase,$thumbwidth,$thumbheight,
+                                         $resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype);
+        } else {
+            if ($env{'form.folder'}) {
+                $fname=$env{'form.folder'}.'/'.$fname;
+            }
+            return &process_coursefile('uploaddoc',$docuname,$docudom,
+				       $fname,$formname,$parser,
+				       $allfiles,$codebase,$mimetype);
+        }
+    } elsif (defined($destuname)) {
+        my $docuname=$destuname;
+        my $docudom=$destudom;
+	return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,$formname,$fname,
+				     $parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
+                                     $thumbwidth,$thumbheight,
+                                     $resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype);
+    } else {
+        my $docuname=$env{'user.name'};
+        my $docudom=$env{'user.domain'};
+        if ((exists($env{'form.group'})) || ($context eq 'syllabus')) {
+            $docuname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+            $docudom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+        }
+	return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,$formname,$fname,
+				     $parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
+                                     $thumbwidth,$thumbheight,
+                                     $resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype);
     }
-    return 
-        &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,$docuhome,$formname,$fname);
 }
 
 sub finishuserfileupload {
-    my ($docuname,$docudom,$docuhome,$formname,$fname)=@_;
+    my ($docuname,$docudom,$formname,$fname,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
+        $thumbwidth,$thumbheight,$resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype) = @_;
     my $path=$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/';
     my $filepath=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
+  
+    my ($fnamepath,$file,$fetchthumb);
+    $file=$fname;
+    if ($fname=~m|/|) {
+        ($fnamepath,$file) = ($fname =~ m|^(.*)/([^/]+)$|);
+	$path.=$fnamepath.'/';
+    }
     my @parts=split(/\//,$filepath.'/userfiles/'.$path);
     my $count;
     for ($count=4;$count<=$#parts;$count++) {
@@ -807,22 +3912,353 @@ sub finishuserfileupload {
 	    mkdir($filepath,0777);
         }
     }
+
 # Save the file
     {
-       my $fh=Apache::File->new('>'.$filepath.'/'.$fname);
-       print $fh $ENV{'form.'.$formname};
+	if (!open(FH,'>',$filepath.'/'.$file)) {
+	    &logthis('Failed to create '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
+	    print STDERR ('Failed to create '.$filepath.'/'.$file."\n");
+	    return '/adm/notfound.html';
+	}
+        if ($context eq 'overwrite') {
+            my $source =  LONCAPA::tempdir().'/overwrites/'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$fname;
+            my $target = $filepath.'/'.$file;
+            if (-e $source) {
+                my @info = stat($source);
+                if ($info[9] eq $env{'form.timestamp'}) {   
+                    unless (&File::Copy::move($source,$target)) {
+                        &logthis('Failed to overwrite '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
+                        return "Moving from $source failed";
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    return "Temporary file: $source had unexpected date/time for last modification";
+                }
+            } else {
+                return "Temporary file: $source missing";
+            }
+        } elsif (!print FH ($env{'form.'.$formname})) {
+	    &logthis('Failed to write to '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
+	    print STDERR ('Failed to write to '.$filepath.'/'.$file."\n");
+	    return '/adm/notfound.html';
+	}
+	close(FH);
+        if ($resizewidth && $resizeheight) {
+            my $mm = new File::MMagic;
+            my $mime_type = $mm->checktype_filename($filepath.'/'.$file);
+            if ($mime_type =~ m{^image/}) {
+	        &resizeImage($filepath.'/'.$file,$resizewidth,$resizeheight);
+            }  
+	}
     }
+    if (($context eq 'coursedoc') || ($parser eq 'parse')) {
+        if (ref($mimetype)) {
+            if ($$mimetype eq '') {
+                my $mm = new File::MMagic;
+                my $type = $mm->checktype_filename($filepath.'/'.$file);
+                $$mimetype = $type;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($parser eq 'parse') {
+        if ((ref($mimetype)) && ($$mimetype eq 'text/html')) {
+            my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$file,
+                                                       $allfiles,$codebase);
+            unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
+                &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.$file.
+	   	         ' for embedded media: '.$parse_result); 
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (($thumbwidth =~ /^\d+$/) && ($thumbheight =~ /^\d+$/)) {
+        my $input = $filepath.'/'.$file;
+        my $output = $filepath.'/'.'tn-'.$file;
+        my $thumbsize = $thumbwidth.'x'.$thumbheight;
+        my @args = ('convert','-sample',$thumbsize,$input,$output);
+        system({$args[0]} @args);
+        if (-e $filepath.'/'.'tn-'.$file) {
+            $fetchthumb  = 1; 
+        }
+    }
+ 
 # Notify homeserver to grep it
 #
-    if 
-(&reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$fname,$docuhome) eq 'ok') 
-    {
+    my $docuhome=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);	
+    my $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$path.$file,$docuhome);
+    if ($fetchresult eq 'ok') {
+        if ($fetchthumb) {
+            my $thumbresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$path.'tn-'.$file,$docuhome);
+            if ($thumbresult ne 'ok') {
+                &logthis('Failed to transfer '.$path.'tn-'.$file.' to host '.
+                         $docuhome.': '.$thumbresult);
+            }
+        }
 #
 # Return the URL to it
-        return '/uploaded/'.$path.$fname;
+        return '/uploaded/'.$path.$file;
     } else {
+        &logthis('Failed to transfer '.$path.$file.' to host '.$docuhome.
+		 ': '.$fetchresult);
         return '/adm/notfound.html';
-    }    
+    }
+}
+
+sub extract_embedded_items {
+    my ($fullpath,$allfiles,$codebase,$content) = @_;
+    my @state = ();
+    my (%lastids,%related,%shockwave,%flashvars);
+    my %javafiles = (
+                      codebase => '',
+                      code => '',
+                      archive => ''
+                    );
+    my %mediafiles = (
+                      src => '',
+                      movie => '',
+                     );
+    my $p;
+    if ($content) {
+        $p = HTML::LCParser->new($content);
+    } else {
+        $p = HTML::LCParser->new($fullpath);
+    }
+    while (my $t=$p->get_token()) {
+	if ($t->[0] eq 'S') {
+	    my ($tagname, $attr) = ($t->[1],$t->[2]);
+	    push(@state, $tagname);
+            if (lc($tagname) eq 'allow') {
+                &add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'src'},'src');
+            }
+	    if (lc($tagname) eq 'img') {
+		&add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'src'},'src');
+	    }
+	    if (lc($tagname) eq 'a') {
+                unless (($attr->{'href'} =~ /^#/) || ($attr->{'href'} eq '')) {
+                    &add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'href'},'href');
+                }
+	    }
+            if (lc($tagname) eq 'script') {
+                my $src;
+                if ($attr->{'archive'} =~ /\.jar$/i) {
+                    &add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'archive'},'archive');
+                } else {
+                    if ($attr->{'src'} ne '') {
+                        $src = $attr->{'src'};
+                        &add_filetype($allfiles,$src,'src');
+                    }
+                }
+                my $text = $p->get_trimmed_text();
+                if ($text =~ /\Qswfobject.registerObject(\E([^\)]+)\)/) {
+                    my @swfargs = split(/,/,$1);
+                    foreach my $item (@swfargs) {
+                        $item =~ s/["']//g;
+                        $item =~ s/^\s+//;
+                        $item =~ s/\s+$//;
+                    }
+                    if (($swfargs[0] ne'') && ($swfargs[2] ne '')) {
+                        if (ref($related{$swfargs[0]}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                            push(@{$related{$swfargs[0]}},$swfargs[2]);
+                        } else {
+                            $related{$swfargs[0]} = [$swfargs[2]];
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (lc($tagname) eq 'link') {
+                if (lc($attr->{'rel'}) eq 'stylesheet') { 
+                    &add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{'href'},'href');
+                }
+            }
+	    if (lc($tagname) eq 'object' ||
+		(lc($tagname) eq 'embed' && lc($state[-2]) ne 'object')) {
+		foreach my $item (keys(%javafiles)) {
+		    $javafiles{$item} = '';
+		}
+                if ((lc($tagname) eq 'object') && (lc($state[-2]) ne 'object')) {
+                    $lastids{lc($tagname)} = $attr->{'id'};
+                }
+	    }
+	    if (lc($state[-2]) eq 'object' && lc($tagname) eq 'param') {
+		my $name = lc($attr->{'name'});
+		foreach my $item (keys(%javafiles)) {
+		    if ($name eq $item) {
+			$javafiles{$item} = $attr->{'value'};
+			last;
+		    }
+		}
+                my $pathfrom;
+		foreach my $item (keys(%mediafiles)) {
+		    if ($name eq $item) {
+                        $pathfrom = $attr->{'value'};
+                        $shockwave{$lastids{lc($state[-2])}} = $pathfrom;
+			&add_filetype($allfiles,$pathfrom,$name);
+			last;
+		    }
+		}
+                if ($name eq 'flashvars') {
+                    $flashvars{$lastids{lc($state[-2])}} = $attr->{'value'};
+                }
+                if ($pathfrom ne '') {
+                    &embedded_dependency($allfiles,\%related,$lastids{lc($state[-2])},
+                                         $pathfrom);
+                }
+	    }
+	    if (lc($tagname) eq 'embed' || lc($tagname) eq 'applet') {
+		foreach my $item (keys(%javafiles)) {
+		    if ($attr->{$item}) {
+			$javafiles{$item} = $attr->{$item};
+			last;
+		    }
+		}
+		foreach my $item (keys(%mediafiles)) {
+		    if ($attr->{$item}) {
+			&add_filetype($allfiles,$attr->{$item},$item);
+			last;
+		    }
+		}
+                if (lc($tagname) eq 'embed') {
+                    if (($attr->{'name'} ne '') && ($attr->{'src'} ne '')) {
+                        &embedded_dependency($allfiles,\%related,$attr->{'name'},
+                                             $attr->{'src'});
+                    }
+                }
+	    }
+            if (lc($tagname) eq 'iframe') {
+                my $src = $attr->{'src'} ;
+                if (($src ne '') && ($src !~ m{^(/|https?://)})) {
+                    &add_filetype($allfiles,$src,'src');
+                } elsif ($src =~ m{^/}) {
+                    if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
+                        my $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+                        my $cnum = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+                        my $url = &hreflocation('',$fullpath);
+                        if ($url =~ m{^/uploaded/$cdom/$cnum/docs/(\w+/\d+)/}) {
+                            my $relpath = $1;
+                            if ($src =~ m{^/uploaded/$cdom/$cnum/docs/\Q$relpath\E/(.+)$}) {
+                                &add_filetype($allfiles,$1,'src');
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($t->[4] =~ m{/>$}) {
+                pop(@state);
+            }
+	} elsif ($t->[0] eq 'E') {
+	    my ($tagname) = ($t->[1]);
+	    if ($javafiles{'codebase'} ne '') {
+		$javafiles{'codebase'} .= '/';
+	    }  
+	    if (lc($tagname) eq 'applet' ||
+		lc($tagname) eq 'object' ||
+		(lc($tagname) eq 'embed' && lc($state[-2]) ne 'object')
+		) {
+		foreach my $item (keys(%javafiles)) {
+		    if ($item ne 'codebase' && $javafiles{$item} ne '') {
+			my $file=$javafiles{'codebase'}.$javafiles{$item};
+			&add_filetype($allfiles,$file,$item);
+		    }
+		}
+	    } 
+	    pop @state;
+	}
+    }
+    foreach my $id (sort(keys(%flashvars))) {
+        if ($shockwave{$id} ne '') {
+            my @pairs = split(/\&/,$flashvars{$id});
+            foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+                my ($key,$value) = split(/\=/,$pair);
+                if ($key eq 'thumb') {
+                    &add_filetype($allfiles,$value,$key);
+                } elsif ($key eq 'content') {
+                    my ($path) = ($shockwave{$id} =~ m{^(.+/)[^/]+$});
+                    my ($ext) = ($value =~ /\.([^.]+)$/);
+                    if ($ext ne '') {
+                        &add_filetype($allfiles,$path.$value,$ext);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return 'ok';
+}
+
+sub add_filetype {
+    my ($allfiles,$file,$type)=@_;
+    if (exists($allfiles->{$file})) {
+	unless (grep/^\Q$type\E$/, @{$allfiles->{$file}}) {
+	    push(@{$allfiles->{$file}}, &escape($type));
+	}
+    } else {
+	@{$allfiles->{$file}} = (&escape($type));
+    }
+}
+
+sub embedded_dependency {
+    my ($allfiles,$related,$identifier,$pathfrom) = @_;
+    if ((ref($allfiles) eq 'HASH') && (ref($related) eq 'HASH')) {
+        if (($identifier ne '') &&
+            (ref($related->{$identifier}) eq 'ARRAY') &&
+            ($pathfrom ne '')) {
+            my ($path) = ($pathfrom =~ m{^(.+/)[^/]+$});
+            foreach my $dep (@{$related->{$identifier}}) {
+                &add_filetype($allfiles,$path.$dep,'object');
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub removeuploadedurl {
+    my ($url)=@_;	
+    my (undef,undef,$udom,$uname,$fname)=split('/',$url,5);    
+    return &removeuserfile($uname,$udom,$fname);
+}
+
+sub removeuserfile {
+    my ($docuname,$docudom,$fname)=@_;
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);    
+    my $result = &reply("removeuserfile:$docudom/$docuname/$fname",$home);
+    if ($result eq 'ok') {	
+        if (($fname !~ /\.meta$/) && (&is_portfolio_file($fname))) {
+            my $metafile = $fname.'.meta';
+            my $metaresult = &removeuserfile($docuname,$docudom,$metafile); 
+	    my $url = "/uploaded/$docudom/$docuname/$fname";
+            my ($file,$group) = (&parse_portfolio_url($url))[3,4];	   
+            my $sqlresult = 
+                &update_portfolio_table($docuname,$docudom,$file,
+                                        'portfolio_metadata',$group,
+                                        'delete');
+        }
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub mkdiruserfile {
+    my ($docuname,$docudom,$dir)=@_;
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    return &reply("mkdiruserfile:".&escape("$docudom/$docuname/$dir"),$home);
+}
+
+sub renameuserfile {
+    my ($docuname,$docudom,$old,$new)=@_;
+    my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
+    my $result = &reply("renameuserfile:$docudom:$docuname:".
+                        &escape("$old").':'.&escape("$new"),$home);
+    if ($result eq 'ok') {
+        if (($old !~ /\.meta$/) && (&is_portfolio_file($old))) {
+            my $oldmeta = $old.'.meta';
+            my $newmeta = $new.'.meta';
+            my $metaresult = 
+                &renameuserfile($docuname,$docudom,$oldmeta,$newmeta);
+	    my $url = "/uploaded/$docudom/$docuname/$old";
+            my ($file,$group) = (&parse_portfolio_url($url))[3,4];
+            my $sqlresult = 
+                &update_portfolio_table($docuname,$docudom,$file,
+                                        'portfolio_metadata',$group,
+                                        'delete');
+        }
+    }
+    return $result;
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Log
@@ -833,31 +4269,125 @@ sub log {
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ Course Log
+#
+# This routine flushes several buffers of non-mission-critical nature
+#
 
 sub flushcourselogs {
-    &logthis('Flushing course log buffers');
-    foreach (keys %courselogs) {
-        my $crsid=$_;
-        if (&reply('log:'.$coursedombuf{$crsid}.':'.
+    &logthis('Flushing log buffers');
+#
+# course logs
+# This is a log of all transactions in a course, which can be used
+# for data mining purposes
+#
+# It also collects the courseid database, which lists last transaction
+# times and course titles for all courseids
+#
+    my %courseidbuffer=();
+    foreach my $crsid (keys(%courselogs)) {
+        if (&reply('log:'.$coursedombuf{$crsid}.':'.$coursenumbuf{$crsid}.':'.
 		          &escape($courselogs{$crsid}),
 		          $coursehombuf{$crsid}) eq 'ok') {
 	    delete $courselogs{$crsid};
         } else {
             &logthis('Failed to flush log buffer for '.$crsid);
             if (length($courselogs{$crsid})>40000) {
-               &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: Buffer for ".$crsid.
+               &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: Buffer for ".$crsid.
                         " exceeded maximum size, deleting.</font>");
                delete $courselogs{$crsid};
             }
-        }        
+        }
+        $courseidbuffer{$coursehombuf{$crsid}}{$crsid} = {
+            'description' => $coursedescrbuf{$crsid},
+            'inst_code'    => $courseinstcodebuf{$crsid},
+            'type'        => $coursetypebuf{$crsid},
+            'owner'       => $courseownerbuf{$crsid},
+        };
+    }
+#
+# Write course id database (reverse lookup) to homeserver of courses 
+# Is used in pickcourse
+#
+    foreach my $crs_home (keys(%courseidbuffer)) {
+        my $response = &courseidput(&host_domain($crs_home),
+                                    $courseidbuffer{$crs_home},
+                                    $crs_home,'timeonly');
+    }
+#
+# File accesses
+# Writes to the dynamic metadata of resources to get hit counts, etc.
+#
+    foreach my $entry (keys(%accesshash)) {
+        if ($entry =~ /___count$/) {
+            my ($dom,$name);
+            ($dom,$name,undef)=
+		($entry=~m{___($match_domain)/($match_name)/(.*)___count$});
+            if (! defined($dom) || $dom eq '' || 
+                ! defined($name) || $name eq '') {
+                my $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
+                $dom  = $env{'request.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+                $name = $env{'request.'.$cid.'.num'};
+            }
+            my $value = $accesshash{$entry};
+            my (undef,$url,undef) = ($entry =~ /^(.*)___(.*)___count$/);
+            my %temphash=($url => $value);
+            my $result = &inc('nohist_accesscount',\%temphash,$dom,$name);
+            if ($result eq 'ok') {
+                delete $accesshash{$entry};
+            }
+        } else {
+            my ($dom,$name) = ($entry=~m{___($match_domain)/($match_name)/(.*)___(\w+)$});
+            if (($dom eq 'uploaded') || ($dom eq 'adm')) { next; }
+            my %temphash=($entry => $accesshash{$entry});
+            if (&put('nohist_resevaldata',\%temphash,$dom,$name) eq 'ok') {
+                delete $accesshash{$entry};
+            }
+        }
     }
-    &logthis('Flushing access logs');
-    foreach (keys %accesshash) {
-        my $entry=$_;
-        $entry=~/\_\_\_(\w+)\/(\w+)\/(.*)\_\_\_(\w+)$/;
-        my %temphash=($entry => $accesshash{$entry});
-        if (&Apache::lonnet::put('nohist_resevaldata',\%temphash,$1,$2) eq 'ok') {
-	    delete $accesshash{$entry};
+#
+# Roles
+# Reverse lookup of user roles for course faculty/staff and co-authorship
+#
+    foreach my $entry (keys(%userrolehash)) {
+        my ($role,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec)=
+	    split(/\:/,$entry);
+        if (&Apache::lonnet::put('nohist_userroles',
+             { $role.':'.$uname.':'.$udom.':'.$rsec => $userrolehash{$entry} },
+                $rudom,$runame) eq 'ok') {
+	    delete $userrolehash{$entry};
+        }
+    }
+#
+# Reverse lookup of domain roles (dc, ad, li, sc, dh, da, au)
+#
+    my %domrolebuffer = ();
+    foreach my $entry (keys(%domainrolehash)) {
+        my ($role,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec)=split(/:/,$entry);
+        if ($domrolebuffer{$rudom}) {
+            $domrolebuffer{$rudom}.='&'.&escape($entry).
+                      '='.&escape($domainrolehash{$entry});
+        } else {
+            $domrolebuffer{$rudom}.=&escape($entry).
+                      '='.&escape($domainrolehash{$entry});
+        }
+        delete $domainrolehash{$entry};
+    }
+    foreach my $dom (keys(%domrolebuffer)) {
+	my %servers;
+	if (defined(&domain($dom,'primary'))) {
+	    my $primary=&domain($dom,'primary');
+	    my $hostname=&hostname($primary);
+	    $servers{$primary} = $hostname;
+	} else { 
+	    %servers = &get_servers($dom,'library');
+	}
+	foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
+	    if (&reply('domroleput:'.$dom.':'.
+		       $domrolebuffer{$dom},$tryserver) eq 'ok') {
+		last;
+	    } else {  
+		&logthis('Put of domain roles failed for '.$dom.' and  '.$tryserver);
+	    }
         }
     }
     $dumpcount++;
@@ -866,31 +4396,57 @@ sub flushcourselogs {
 sub courselog {
     my $what=shift;
     $what=time.':'.$what;
-    unless ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
-    $coursedombuf{$ENV{'request.course.id'}}=
-       $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'}.':'.
-       $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
-    $coursehombuf{$ENV{'request.course.id'}}=
-       $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
-    if (defined $courselogs{$ENV{'request.course.id'}}) {
-	$courselogs{$ENV{'request.course.id'}}.='&'.$what;
+    unless ($env{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
+    $coursedombuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+    $coursenumbuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+    $coursehombuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
+    $coursedescrbuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.description'};
+    $courseinstcodebuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.internal.coursecode'};
+    $courseownerbuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.internal.courseowner'};
+    $coursetypebuf{$env{'request.course.id'}}=
+       $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.type'};
+    if (defined $courselogs{$env{'request.course.id'}}) {
+	$courselogs{$env{'request.course.id'}}.='&'.$what;
     } else {
-	$courselogs{$ENV{'request.course.id'}}.=$what;
+	$courselogs{$env{'request.course.id'}}.=$what;
     }
-    if (length($courselogs{$ENV{'request.course.id'}})>4048) {
+    if (length($courselogs{$env{'request.course.id'}})>4048) {
 	&flushcourselogs();
     }
 }
 
 sub courseacclog {
     my $fnsymb=shift;
-    unless ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
-    my $what=$fnsymb.':'.$ENV{'user.name'}.':'.$ENV{'user.domain'};
-    if ($fnsymb=~/(problem|exam|quiz|assess|survey|form)$/) {
+    unless ($env{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
+    my $what=$fnsymb.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+    if ($fnsymb=~/$LONCAPA::assess_re/) {
         $what.=':POST';
-	foreach (keys %ENV) {
-            if ($_=~/^form\.(.*)/) {
-		$what.=':'.$1.'='.$ENV{$_};
+        # FIXME: Probably ought to escape things....
+	foreach my $key (keys(%env)) {
+            if ($key=~/^form\.(.*)/) {
+                my $formitem = $1;
+                if ($formitem =~ /^HWFILE(?:SIZE|TOOBIG)/) {
+                    $what.=':'.$formitem.'='.$env{$key};
+                } elsif ($formitem !~ /^HWFILE(?:[^.]+)$/) {
+                    $what.=':'.$formitem.'='.$env{$key};
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    } elsif ($fnsymb =~ m:^/adm/searchcat:) {
+        # FIXME: We should not be depending on a form parameter that someone
+        # editing lonsearchcat.pm might change in the future.
+        if ($env{'form.phase'} eq 'course_search') {
+            $what.= ':POST';
+            # FIXME: Probably ought to escape things....
+            foreach my $element ('courseexp','crsfulltext','crsrelated',
+                                 'crsdiscuss') {
+                $what.=':'.$element.'='.$env{'form.'.$element};
             }
         }
     }
@@ -899,116 +4455,818 @@ sub courseacclog {
 
 sub countacc {
     my $url=&declutter(shift);
-    unless ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
-    $accesshash{$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'___'.$url.'___course'}=1;
+    return if (! defined($url) || $url eq '');
+    unless ($env{'request.course.id'}) { return ''; }
+#
+# Mark that this url was used in this course
+#
+    $accesshash{$env{'request.course.id'}.'___'.$url.'___course'}=1;
+#
+# Increase the access count for this resource in this child process
+#
     my $key=$$.$processmarker.'_'.$dumpcount.'___'.$url.'___count';
-    if (defined($accesshash{$key})) {
-	$accesshash{$key}++;
-    } else {
-        $accesshash{$key}=1;
+    $accesshash{$key}++;
+}
+
+sub linklog {
+    my ($from,$to)=@_;
+    $from=&declutter($from);
+    $to=&declutter($to);
+    $accesshash{$from.'___'.$to.'___comefrom'}=1;
+    $accesshash{$to.'___'.$from.'___goto'}=1;
+}
+
+sub statslog {
+    my ($symb,$part,$users,$av_attempts,$degdiff)=@_;
+    if ($users<2) { return; }
+    my %dynstore=&LONCAPA::lonmetadata::dynamic_metadata_storage({
+            'course'       => $env{'request.course.id'},
+            'sections'     => '"all"',
+            'num_students' => $users,
+            'part'         => $part,
+            'symb'         => $symb,
+            'mean_tries'   => $av_attempts,
+            'deg_of_diff'  => $degdiff});
+    foreach my $key (keys(%dynstore)) {
+        $accesshash{$key}=$dynstore{$key};
+    }
+}
+  
+sub userrolelog {
+    my ($trole,$username,$domain,$area,$tstart,$tend)=@_;
+    if ( $trole =~ /^(ca|aa|in|cc|ep|cr|ta|co)/ ) {
+       my (undef,$rudom,$runame,$rsec)=split(/\//,$area);
+       $userrolehash
+         {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$runame.':'.$rudom.':'.$rsec}
+                    =$tend.':'.$tstart;
+    }
+    if ($env{'request.role'} =~ /dc\./ && $trole =~ /^(au|in|cc|ep|cr|ta|co)/) {
+       $userrolehash
+         {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}.':'}
+                    =$tend.':'.$tstart;
+    }
+    if ($trole =~ /^(dc|ad|li|au|dg|sc|dh|da)/ ) {
+       my (undef,$rudom,$runame,$rsec)=split(/\//,$area);
+       $domainrolehash
+         {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$runame.':'.$rudom.':'.$rsec}
+                    = $tend.':'.$tstart;
+    }
+}
+
+sub courserolelog {
+    my ($trole,$username,$domain,$area,$tstart,$tend,$delflag,$selfenroll,$context)=@_;
+    if ($area =~ m-^/($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/?([^/]*)-) {
+        my $cdom = $1;
+        my $cnum = $2;
+        my $sec = $3;
+        my $namespace = 'rolelog';
+        my %storehash = (
+                           role    => $trole,
+                           start   => $tstart,
+                           end     => $tend,
+                           selfenroll => $selfenroll,
+                           context    => $context,
+                        );
+        if ($trole eq 'gr') {
+            $namespace = 'groupslog';
+            $storehash{'group'} = $sec;
+        } else {
+            $storehash{'section'} = $sec;
+        }
+        &write_log('course',$namespace,\%storehash,$delflag,$username,
+                   $domain,$cnum,$cdom);
+        if (($trole ne 'st') || ($sec ne '')) {
+            &devalidate_cache_new('getcourseroles',$cdom.'_'.$cnum);
+        }
     }
+    return;
 }
-    
-# ----------------------------------------------------------- Check out an item
 
-sub checkout {
-    my ($symb,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid)=@_;
+sub domainrolelog {
+    my ($trole,$username,$domain,$area,$tstart,$tend,$delflag,$context)=@_;
+    if ($area =~ m{^/($match_domain)/$}) {
+        my $cdom = $1;
+        my $domconfiguser = &Apache::lonnet::get_domainconfiguser($cdom);
+        my $namespace = 'rolelog';
+        my %storehash = (
+                           role    => $trole,
+                           start   => $tstart,
+                           end     => $tend,
+                           context => $context,
+                        );
+        &write_log('domain',$namespace,\%storehash,$delflag,$username,
+                   $domain,$domconfiguser,$cdom);
+    }
+    return;
+
+}
+
+sub coauthorrolelog {
+    my ($trole,$username,$domain,$area,$tstart,$tend,$delflag,$context)=@_;
+    if ($area =~ m{^/($match_domain)/($match_username)$}) {
+        my $audom = $1;
+        my $auname = $2;
+        my $namespace = 'rolelog';
+        my %storehash = (
+                           role    => $trole,
+                           start   => $tstart,
+                           end     => $tend,
+                           context => $context,
+                        );
+        &write_log('author',$namespace,\%storehash,$delflag,$username,
+                   $domain,$auname,$audom);
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub get_course_adv_roles {
+    my ($cid,$codes) = @_;
+    $cid=$env{'request.course.id'} unless (defined($cid));
+    my %coursehash=&coursedescription($cid);
+    my $crstype = &Apache::loncommon::course_type($cid);
+    my %nothide=();
+    foreach my $user (split(/\s*\,\s*/,$coursehash{'nothideprivileged'})) {
+        if ($user !~ /:/) {
+	    $nothide{join(':',split(/[\@]/,$user))}=1;
+        } else {
+            $nothide{$user}=1;
+        }
+    }
+    my @possdoms = ($coursehash{'domain'});
+    if ($coursehash{'checkforpriv'}) {
+        push(@possdoms,split(/,/,$coursehash{'checkforpriv'}));
+    }
+    my %returnhash=();
+    my %dumphash=
+            &dump('nohist_userroles',$coursehash{'domain'},$coursehash{'num'});
     my $now=time;
-    my $lonhost=$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
-    my $infostr=&escape(
-                 'CHECKOUTTOKEN&'.
-                 $tuname.'&'.
-                 $tudom.'&'.
-                 $tcrsid.'&'.
-                 $symb.'&'.
-		 $now.'&'.$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
-    my $token=&reply('tmpput:'.$infostr,$lonhost);
-    if ($token=~/^error\:/) { 
-        &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                "Checkout tmpput failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
-                 "</font>");
-        return ''; 
-    }
-
-    $token=~s/^(\d+)\_.*\_(\d+)$/$1\*$2\*$lonhost/;
-    $token=~tr/a-z/A-Z/;
-
-    my %infohash=('resource.0.outtoken' => $token,
-                  'resource.0.checkouttime' => $now,
-                  'resource.0.outremote' => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
-
-    unless (&cstore(\%infohash,$symb,$tcrsid,$tudom,$tuname) eq 'ok') {
-       return '';
-    } else {
-        &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                "Checkout cstore failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
-                 "</font>");
-    }    
+    my %privileged;
+    foreach my $entry (keys(%dumphash)) {
+	my ($tend,$tstart)=split(/\:/,$dumphash{$entry});
+        if (($tstart) && ($tstart<0)) { next; }
+        if (($tend) && ($tend<$now)) { next; }
+        if (($tstart) && ($now<$tstart)) { next; }
+        my ($role,$username,$domain,$section)=split(/\:/,$entry);
+	if ($username eq '' || $domain eq '') { next; }
+        if ((&privileged($username,$domain,\@possdoms)) &&
+            (!$nothide{$username.':'.$domain})) { next; }
+	if ($role eq 'cr') { next; }
+        if ($codes) {
+            if ($section) { $role .= ':'.$section; }
+            if ($returnhash{$role}) {
+                $returnhash{$role}.=','.$username.':'.$domain;
+            } else {
+                $returnhash{$role}=$username.':'.$domain;
+            }
+        } else {
+            my $key=&plaintext($role,$crstype);
+            if ($section) { $key.=' ('.&Apache::lonlocal::mt('Section [_1]',$section).')'; }
+            if ($returnhash{$key}) {
+	        $returnhash{$key}.=','.$username.':'.$domain;
+            } else {
+                $returnhash{$key}=$username.':'.$domain;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+sub get_my_roles {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$context,$types,$roles,$roledoms,$withsec,$hidepriv)=@_;
+    unless (defined($uname)) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+    unless (defined($udom)) { $udom=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    my (%dumphash,%nothide);
+    if ($context eq 'userroles') {
+        %dumphash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname);
+    } else {
+        %dumphash = &dump('nohist_userroles',$udom,$uname);
+        if ($hidepriv) {
+            my %coursehash=&coursedescription($udom.'_'.$uname);
+            foreach my $user (split(/\s*\,\s*/,$coursehash{'nothideprivileged'})) {
+                if ($user !~ /:/) {
+                    $nothide{join(':',split(/[\@]/,$user))} = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $nothide{$user} = 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    my %returnhash=();
+    my $now=time;
+    my %privileged;
+    foreach my $entry (keys(%dumphash)) {
+        my ($role,$tend,$tstart);
+        if ($context eq 'userroles') {
+            next if ($entry =~ /^rolesdef/);
+	    ($role,$tend,$tstart)=split(/_/,$dumphash{$entry});
+        } else {
+            ($tend,$tstart)=split(/\:/,$dumphash{$entry});
+        }
+        if (($tstart) && ($tstart<0)) { next; }
+        my $status = 'active';
+        if (($tend) && ($tend<=$now)) {
+            $status = 'previous';
+        } 
+        if (($tstart) && ($now<$tstart)) {
+            $status = 'future';
+        }
+        if (ref($types) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            if (!grep(/^\Q$status\E$/,@{$types})) {
+                next;
+            } 
+        } else {
+            if ($status ne 'active') {
+                next;
+            }
+        }
+        my ($rolecode,$username,$domain,$section,$area);
+        if ($context eq 'userroles') {
+            ($area,$rolecode) = ($entry =~ /^(.+)_([^_]+)$/);
+            (undef,$domain,$username,$section) = split(/\//,$area);
+        } else {
+            ($role,$username,$domain,$section) = split(/\:/,$entry);
+        }
+        if (ref($roledoms) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            if (!grep(/^\Q$domain\E$/,@{$roledoms})) {
+                next;
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($roles) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            if (!grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@{$roles})) {
+                if ($role =~ /^cr\//) {
+                    if (!grep(/^cr$/,@{$roles})) {
+                        next;
+                    }
+                } elsif ($role =~ /^gr\//) {
+                    if (!grep(/^gr$/,@{$roles})) {
+                        next;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    next;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if ($hidepriv) {
+            my @privroles = ('dc','su');
+            if ($context eq 'userroles') {
+                next if (grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@privroles));
+            } else {
+                my $possdoms = [$domain];
+                if (ref($roledoms) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                   push(@{$possdoms},@{$roledoms}); 
+                }
+                if (&privileged($username,$domain,$possdoms,\@privroles)) {
+                    if (!$nothide{$username.':'.$domain}) {
+                        next;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if ($withsec) {
+            $returnhash{$username.':'.$domain.':'.$role.':'.$section} =
+                $tstart.':'.$tend;
+        } else {
+            $returnhash{$username.':'.$domain.':'.$role}=$tstart.':'.$tend;
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
 
-    if (&log($tudom,$tuname,&homeserver($tuname,$tudom),
-                         &escape('Checkout '.$infostr.' - '.
-                                                 $token)) ne 'ok') {
+sub get_all_adhocroles {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my @roles_by_num = ();
+    my %domdefaults = &get_domain_defaults($dom);
+    my (%description,%access_in_dom,%access_info);
+    if (ref($domdefaults{'adhocroles'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        my $count = 0;
+        my %domcurrent = %{$domdefaults{'adhocroles'}};
+        my %ordered;
+        foreach my $role (sort(keys(%domcurrent))) {
+            my ($order,$desc,$access_in_dom);
+            if (ref($domcurrent{$role}) eq 'HASH') {
+                $order = $domcurrent{$role}{'order'};
+                $desc = $domcurrent{$role}{'desc'};
+                $access_in_dom{$role} = $domcurrent{$role}{'access'};
+                $access_info{$role} = $domcurrent{$role}{$access_in_dom{$role}};
+            }
+            if ($order eq '') {
+                $order = $count;
+            }
+            $ordered{$order} = $role;
+            if ($desc ne '') {
+                $description{$role} = $desc;
+            } else {
+                $description{$role}= $role;
+            }
+            $count++;
+        }
+        foreach my $item (sort {$a <=> $b } (keys(%ordered))) {
+            push(@roles_by_num,$ordered{$item});
+        }
+    }
+    return (\@roles_by_num,\%description,\%access_in_dom,\%access_info);
+}
+
+sub get_my_adhocroles {
+    my ($cid,$checkreg) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,%info,@possroles,$description,$roles_by_num);
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'} eq $cid) {
+        $cdom = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+        $cnum = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'};
+        $info{'internal.coursecode'} = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.internal.coursecode'};
+    } elsif ($cid =~ /^($match_domain)_($match_courseid)$/) {
+        $cdom = $1;
+        $cnum = $2;
+        %info = &Apache::lonnet::get('environment',['internal.coursecode'],
+                                     $cdom,$cnum);
+    }
+    if (($info{'internal.coursecode'} ne '') && ($checkreg)) {
+        my $user = $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+        my %rosterhash = &get('classlist',[$user],$cdom,$cnum);
+        if ($rosterhash{$user} ne '') {
+            my $type = (split(/:/,$rosterhash{$user}))[5];
+            return ([],{}) if ($type eq 'auto');
+        }
+    }
+    if (($cdom ne '') && ($cnum ne ''))  {
+        if (($env{"user.role.dh./$cdom/"}) || ($env{"user.role.da./$cdom/"})) {
+            my $then=$env{'user.login.time'};
+            my $update=$env{'user.update.time'};
+            if (!$update) {
+                $update = $then;
+            }
+            my @liveroles;
+            foreach my $role ('dh','da') {
+                if ($env{"user.role.$role./$cdom/"}) {
+                    my ($tstart,$tend)=split(/\./,$env{"user.role.$role./$cdom/"});
+                    my $limit = $update;
+                    if ($env{'request.role'} eq "$role./$cdom/") {
+                        $limit = $then;
+                    }
+                    my $activerole = 1;
+                    if ($tstart && $tstart>$limit) { $activerole = 0; }
+                    if ($tend   && $tend  <$limit) { $activerole = 0; }
+                    if ($activerole) {
+                        push(@liveroles,$role);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (@liveroles) {
+                if (&homeserver($cnum,$cdom) ne 'no_host') {
+                    my ($accessref,$accessinfo,%access_in_dom);
+                    ($roles_by_num,$description,$accessref,$accessinfo) = &get_all_adhocroles($cdom);
+                    if (ref($roles_by_num) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                        if (@{$roles_by_num}) {
+                            my %settings;
+                            if ($env{'request.course.id'} eq $cid) {
+                                foreach my $envkey (keys(%env)) {
+                                    if ($envkey =~ /^\Qcourse.$cid.\E(internal\.adhoc.+)$/) {
+                                        $settings{$1} = $env{$envkey};
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                %settings = &dump('environment',$cdom,$cnum,'internal\.adhoc');
+                            }
+                            my %setincrs;
+                            if ($settings{'internal.adhocaccess'}) {
+                                map { $setincrs{$_} = 1; } split(/,/,$settings{'internal.adhocaccess'});
+                            }
+                            my @statuses;
+                            if ($env{'environment.inststatus'}) {
+                                @statuses = split(/,/,$env{'environment.inststatus'});
+                            }
+                            my $user = $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+                            if (ref($accessref) eq 'HASH') {
+                                %access_in_dom = %{$accessref};
+                            }
+                            foreach my $role (@{$roles_by_num}) {
+                                my ($curraccess,@okstatus,@personnel);
+                                if ($setincrs{$role}) {
+                                    ($curraccess,my $rest) = split(/=/,$settings{'internal.adhoc.'.$role});
+                                    if ($curraccess eq 'status') {
+                                        @okstatus = split(/\&/,$rest);
+                                    } elsif (($curraccess eq 'exc') || ($curraccess eq 'inc')) {
+                                        @personnel = split(/\&/,$rest);
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    $curraccess = $access_in_dom{$role};
+                                    if (ref($accessinfo) eq 'HASH') {
+                                        if ($curraccess eq 'status') {
+                                            if (ref($accessinfo->{$role}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                                @okstatus = @{$accessinfo->{$role}};
+                                            }
+                                        } elsif (($curraccess eq 'exc') || ($curraccess eq 'inc')) {
+                                            if (ref($accessinfo->{$role}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                                @personnel = @{$accessinfo->{$role}};
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                if ($curraccess eq 'none') {
+                                    next;
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'all') {
+                                    push(@possroles,$role);
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'dh') {
+                                    if (grep(/^dh$/,@liveroles)) {
+                                        push(@possroles,$role);
+                                    } else {
+                                        next;
+                                    }
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'da') {
+                                    if (grep(/^da$/,@liveroles)) {
+                                        push(@possroles,$role);
+                                    } else {
+                                        next;
+                                    }
+                                } elsif ($curraccess eq 'status') {
+                                    if (@okstatus) {
+                                        if (!@statuses) {
+                                            if (grep(/^default$/,@okstatus)) {
+                                                push(@possroles,$role);
+                                            }
+                                        } else {
+                                            foreach my $status (@okstatus) {
+                                                if (grep(/^\Q$status\E$/,@statuses)) {
+                                                    push(@possroles,$role);
+                                                    last;
+                                                }
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                } elsif (($curraccess eq 'exc') || ($curraccess eq 'inc')) {
+                                    if (grep(/^\Q$user\E$/,@personnel)) {
+                                        if ($curraccess eq 'exc') {
+                                            push(@possroles,$role);
+                                        }
+                                    } elsif ($curraccess eq 'inc') {
+                                        push(@possroles,$role);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unless (ref($description) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($roles_by_num) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            my %desc;
+            map { $desc{$_} = $_; } (@{$roles_by_num});
+            $description = \%desc;
+        } else {
+            $description = {};
+        }
+    }
+    return (\@possroles,$description);
+}
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------- Frontpage Announcements
+#
+#
+
+sub postannounce {
+    my ($server,$text)=@_;
+    unless (&allowed('psa',&host_domain($server))) { return 'refused'; }
+    unless ($text=~/\w/) { $text=''; }
+    return &reply('setannounce:'.&escape($text),$server);
+}
+
+sub getannounce {
+
+    if (open(my $fh,"<",$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/announcement.txt')) {
+	my $announcement='';
+	while (my $line = <$fh>) { $announcement .= $line; }
+	close($fh);
+	if ($announcement=~/\w/) { 
+	    return 
+   '<table bgcolor="#FF5555" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="3">'.
+   '<tr><td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><tt>'.$announcement.'</tt></td></tr></table>'; 
+	} else {
+	    return '';
+	}
+    } else {
 	return '';
+    }
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Course ID routines
+# Deal with domain's nohist_courseid.db files
+#
+
+sub courseidput {
+    my ($domain,$storehash,$coursehome,$caller) = @_;
+    return unless (ref($storehash) eq 'HASH');
+    my $outcome;
+    if ($caller eq 'timeonly') {
+        my $cids = '';
+        foreach my $item (keys(%$storehash)) {
+            $cids.=&escape($item).'&';
+        }
+        $cids=~s/\&$//;
+        $outcome = &reply('courseidputhash:'.$domain.':'.$caller.':'.$cids,
+                          $coursehome);       
+    } else {
+        my $items = '';
+        foreach my $item (keys(%$storehash)) {
+            $items.= &escape($item).'='.
+                     &freeze_escape($$storehash{$item}).'&';
+        }
+        $items=~s/\&$//;
+        $outcome = &reply('courseidputhash:'.$domain.':'.$caller.':'.$items,
+                          $coursehome);
+    }
+    if ($outcome eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+        my $what;
+        foreach my $cid (keys(%$storehash)) {
+            $what .= &escape($cid).'=';
+            foreach my $item ('description','inst_code','owner','type') {
+                $what .= &escape($storehash->{$cid}{$item}).':';
+            }
+            $what =~ s/\:$/&/;
+        }
+        $what =~ s/\&$//;  
+        return &reply('courseidput:'.$domain.':'.$what,$coursehome);
     } else {
-        &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING: ".
-                "Checkout log failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
-                 "</font>");
+        return $outcome;
     }
-    return $token;
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------ Check in an item
+sub courseiddump {
+    my ($domfilter,$descfilter,$sincefilter,$instcodefilter,$ownerfilter,
+        $coursefilter,$hostidflag,$hostidref,$typefilter,$regexp_ok,
+        $selfenrollonly,$catfilter,$showhidden,$caller,$cloner,$cc_clone,
+        $cloneonly,$createdbefore,$createdafter,$creationcontext,$domcloner,
+        $hasuniquecode,$reqcrsdom,$reqinstcode)=@_;
+    my $as_hash = 1;
+    my %returnhash;
+    if (!$domfilter) { $domfilter=''; }
+    my %libserv = &all_library();
+    foreach my $tryserver (keys(%libserv)) {
+        if ( (  $hostidflag == 1 
+	        && grep(/^\Q$tryserver\E$/,@{$hostidref}) ) 
+	     || (!defined($hostidflag)) ) {
+
+	    if (($domfilter eq '') ||
+		(&host_domain($tryserver) eq $domfilter)) {
+                my $rep;
+                if (grep { $_ eq $tryserver } current_machine_ids()) {
+                    $rep = LONCAPA::Lond::dump_course_id_handler(
+                        join(":", (&host_domain($tryserver), $sincefilter, 
+                                &escape($descfilter), &escape($instcodefilter), 
+                                &escape($ownerfilter), &escape($coursefilter),
+                                &escape($typefilter), &escape($regexp_ok), 
+                                $as_hash, &escape($selfenrollonly), 
+                                &escape($catfilter), $showhidden, $caller, 
+                                &escape($cloner), &escape($cc_clone), $cloneonly, 
+                                &escape($createdbefore), &escape($createdafter), 
+                                &escape($creationcontext),$domcloner,$hasuniquecode,
+                                $reqcrsdom,&escape($reqinstcode))));
+                } else {
+                    $rep = &reply('courseiddump:'.&host_domain($tryserver).':'.
+                             $sincefilter.':'.&escape($descfilter).':'.
+                             &escape($instcodefilter).':'.&escape($ownerfilter).
+                             ':'.&escape($coursefilter).':'.&escape($typefilter).
+                             ':'.&escape($regexp_ok).':'.$as_hash.':'.
+                             &escape($selfenrollonly).':'.&escape($catfilter).':'.
+                             $showhidden.':'.$caller.':'.&escape($cloner).':'.
+                             &escape($cc_clone).':'.$cloneonly.':'.
+                             &escape($createdbefore).':'.&escape($createdafter).':'.
+                             &escape($creationcontext).':'.$domcloner.':'.$hasuniquecode.
+                             ':'.$reqcrsdom.':'.&escape($reqinstcode),$tryserver);
+                }
+                     
+                my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+                foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                    my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$item,2);
+                    $key = &unescape($key);
+                    next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+                    my $result = &thaw_unescape($value);
+                    if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+                        $returnhash{$key}=$result;
+                    } else {
+                        my @responses = split(/:/,$value);
+                        my @items = ('description','inst_code','owner','type');
+                        for (my $i=0; $i<@responses; $i++) {
+                            $returnhash{$key}{$items[$i]} = &unescape($responses[$i]);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
 
-sub checkin {
-    my $token=shift;
-    my $now=time;
-    my ($ta,$tb,$lonhost)=split(/\*/,$token);
-    $lonhost=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
-    my $dtoken=$ta.'_'.$hostip{$lonhost}.'_'.$tb;
-    $dtoken=~s/\W/\_/g;
-    my ($dummy,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid,$symb,$chtim,$rmaddr)=
-                 split(/\&/,&unescape(&reply('tmpget:'.$dtoken,$lonhost)));
+sub courselastaccess {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$hostidref) = @_;
+    my %returnhash;
+    if ($cdom && $cnum) {
+        my $chome = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+        if ($chome ne 'no_host') {
+            my $rep = &reply('courselastaccess:'.$cdom.':'.$cnum,$chome);
+            &extract_lastaccess(\%returnhash,$rep);
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (!$cdom) { $cdom=''; }
+        my %libserv = &all_library();
+        foreach my $tryserver (keys(%libserv)) {
+            if (ref($hostidref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                next unless (grep(/^\Q$tryserver\E$/,@{$hostidref}));
+            } 
+            if (($cdom eq '') || (&host_domain($tryserver) eq $cdom)) {
+                my $rep = &reply('courselastaccess:'.&host_domain($tryserver).':',$tryserver);
+                &extract_lastaccess(\%returnhash,$rep);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
 
-    unless (($tuname) && ($tudom)) {
-        &logthis('Check in '.$token.' ('.$dtoken.') failed');
-        return '';
+sub extract_lastaccess {
+    my ($returnhash,$rep) = @_;
+    if (ref($returnhash) eq 'HASH') {
+        unless ($rep eq 'unknown_command' || $rep eq 'no_such_host' || 
+                $rep eq 'con_lost' || $rep eq 'rejected' || $rep eq 'refused' ||
+                 $rep eq '') {
+            my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+            foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$item,2);
+                $key = &unescape($key);
+                next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+                $returnhash->{$key} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+            }
+        }
     }
-    
-    unless (&allowed('mgr',$tcrsid)) {
-        &logthis('Check in '.$token.' ('.$dtoken.') unauthorized: '.
-                 $ENV{'user.name'}.' - '.$ENV{'user.domain'});
-        return '';
+    return;
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- DC e-mail
+
+sub dcmailput {
+    my ($domain,$msgid,$message,$server)=@_;
+    my $status = &Apache::lonnet::critical(
+       'dcmailput:'.$domain.':'.&escape($msgid).'='.
+       &escape($message),$server);
+    return $status;
+}
+
+sub dcmaildump {
+    my ($dom,$startdate,$enddate,$senders) = @_;
+    my %returnhash=();
+
+    if (defined(&domain($dom,'primary'))) {
+        my $cmd='dcmaildump:'.$dom.':'.&escape($startdate).':'.
+                                                         &escape($enddate).':';
+	my @esc_senders=map { &escape($_)} @$senders;
+	$cmd.=&escape(join('&',@esc_senders));
+	foreach my $line (split(/\&/,&reply($cmd,&domain($dom,'primary')))) {
+            my ($key,$value) = split(/\=/,$line,2);
+            if (($key) && ($value)) {
+                $returnhash{&unescape($key)} = &unescape($value);
+            }
+        }
     }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Domain roles
 
-    my %infohash=('resource.0.intoken' => $token,
-                  'resource.0.checkintime' => $now,
-                  'resource.0.inremote' => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
+sub get_domain_roles {
+    my ($dom,$roles,$startdate,$enddate)=@_;
+    if ((!defined($startdate)) || ($startdate eq '')) {
+        $startdate = '.';
+    }
+    if ((!defined($enddate)) || ($enddate eq '')) {
+        $enddate = '.';
+    }
+    my $rolelist;
+    if (ref($roles) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        $rolelist = join('&',@{$roles});
+    }
+    my %personnel = ();
+
+    my %servers = &get_servers($dom,'library');
+    foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
+	%{$personnel{$tryserver}}=();
+	foreach my $line (split(/\&/,&reply('domrolesdump:'.$dom.':'.
+					    &escape($startdate).':'.
+					    &escape($enddate).':'.
+					    &escape($rolelist), $tryserver))) {
+	    my ($key,$value) = split(/\=/,$line,2);
+	    if (($key) && ($value)) {
+		$personnel{$tryserver}{&unescape($key)} = &unescape($value);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    return %personnel;
+}
 
-    unless (&cstore(\%infohash,$symb,$tcrsid,$tudom,$tuname) eq 'ok') {
-       return '';
-    }    
+sub get_active_domroles {
+    my ($dom,$roles) = @_;
+    return () unless (ref($roles) eq 'ARRAY');
+    my $now = time;
+    my %dompersonnel = &get_domain_roles($dom,$roles,$now,$now);
+    my %domroles;
+    foreach my $server (keys(%dompersonnel)) {
+        foreach my $user (sort(keys(%{$dompersonnel{$server}}))) {
+            my ($trole,$uname,$udom,$runame,$rudom,$rsec) = split(/:/,$user);
+            $domroles{$uname.':'.$udom} = $dompersonnel{$server}{$user};
+        }
+    }
+    return %domroles;
+}
 
-    if (&log($tudom,$tuname,&homeserver($tuname,$tudom),
-                         &escape('Checkin - '.$token)) ne 'ok') {
-	return '';
+# ----------------------------------------------------------- Interval timing 
+
+{
+# Caches needed for speedup of navmaps
+# We don't want to cache this for very long at all (5 seconds at most)
+# 
+# The user for whom we cache
+my $cachedkey='';
+# The cached times for this user
+my %cachedtimes=();
+# When this was last done
+my $cachedtime='';
+
+sub load_all_first_access {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$ignorecache)=@_;
+    if (($cachedkey eq $uname.':'.$udom) &&
+        (abs($cachedtime-time)<5) && (!$env{'form.markaccess'}) &&
+        (!$ignorecache)) {
+        return;
+    }
+    $cachedtime=time;
+    $cachedkey=$uname.':'.$udom;
+    %cachedtimes=&dump('firstaccesstimes',$udom,$uname);
+}
+
+sub get_first_access {
+    my ($type,$argsymb,$argmap,$ignorecache)=@_;
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$udom,$uname)=&whichuser();
+    if ($argsymb) { $symb=$argsymb; }
+    my ($map,$id,$res)=&decode_symb($symb);
+    if ($argmap) { $map = $argmap; }
+    if ($type eq 'course') {
+	$res='course';
+    } elsif ($type eq 'map') {
+	$res=&symbread($map);
+    } else {
+	$res=$symb;
     }
+    &load_all_first_access($uname,$udom,$ignorecache);
+    return $cachedtimes{"$courseid\0$res"};
+}
 
-    return ($symb,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid);    
+sub set_first_access {
+    my ($type,$interval)=@_;
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$udom,$uname)=&whichuser();
+    my ($map,$id,$res)=&decode_symb($symb);
+    if ($type eq 'course') {
+	$res='course';
+    } elsif ($type eq 'map') {
+	$res=&symbread($map);
+    } else {
+	$res=$symb;
+    }
+    $cachedkey='';
+    my $firstaccess=&get_first_access($type,$symb,$map);
+    if (!$firstaccess) {
+        my $start = time;
+	my $putres = &put('firstaccesstimes',{"$courseid\0$res"=>$start},
+                          $udom,$uname);
+        if ($putres eq 'ok') {
+            &put('timerinterval',{"$courseid\0$res"=>$interval},
+                 $udom,$uname); 
+            &appenv(
+                     {
+                        'course.'.$courseid.'.firstaccess.'.$res   => $start,
+                        'course.'.$courseid.'.timerinterval.'.$res => $interval,
+                     }
+                  );
+            if (($cachedtime) && (abs($start-$cachedtime) < 5)) {
+                $cachedtimes{"$courseid\0$res"} = $start;
+            }
+        }
+        return $putres;
+    }
+    return 'already_set';
+}
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------- Set Expire Date for Spreadsheet
 
 sub expirespread {
     my ($uname,$udom,$stype,$usymb)=@_;
-    my $cid=$ENV{'request.course.id'}; 
+    my $cid=$env{'request.course.id'}; 
     if ($cid) {
        my $now=time;
        my $key=$uname.':'.$udom.':'.$stype.':'.$usymb;
-       return &reply('put:'.$ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'}.':'.
-                            $ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.num'}.
+       return &reply('put:'.$env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'}.':'.
+                            $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'}.
 	        	    ':nohist_expirationdates:'.
                             &escape($key).'='.$now,
-                            $ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.home'})
+                            $env{'course.'.$cid.'.home'})
     }
     return 'ok';
 }
@@ -1016,23 +5274,29 @@ sub expirespread {
 # ----------------------------------------------------- Devalidate Spreadsheets
 
 sub devalidate {
-    my $symb=shift;
-    my $cid=$ENV{'request.course.id'}; 
+    my ($symb,$uname,$udom)=@_;
+    my $cid=$env{'request.course.id'}; 
     if ($cid) {
-	my $key=$ENV{'user.name'}.':'.$ENV{'user.domain'}.':';
+        # delete the stored spreadsheets for
+        # - the student level sheet of this user in course's homespace
+        # - the assessment level sheet for this resource 
+        #   for this user in user's homespace
+	# - current conditional state info
+	my $key=$uname.':'.$udom.':';
         my $status=
-	    &del('nohist_calculatedsheet',
-		 [$key.'studentcalc'],
-		 $ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'},
-		 $ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.num'})
+	    &del('nohist_calculatedsheets',
+		 [$key.'studentcalc:'],
+		 $env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'},
+		 $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'})
 		.' '.
 	    &del('nohist_calculatedsheets_'.$cid,
-		 [$key.'assesscalc:'.$symb]);
+		 [$key.'assesscalc:'.$symb],$udom,$uname);
         unless ($status eq 'ok ok') {
            &logthis('Could not devalidate spreadsheet '.
-                    $ENV{'user.name'}.' at '.$ENV{'user.domain'}.' for '.
+                    $uname.' at '.$udom.' for '.
 		    $symb.': '.$status);
         }
+	&delenv('user.state.'.$cid);
     }
 }
 
@@ -1085,27 +5349,27 @@ sub hash2str {
 sub hashref2str {
   my ($hashref)=@_;
   my $result='__HASH_REF__';
-  foreach (keys(%$hashref)) {
-    if (ref($_) eq 'ARRAY') {
-      $result.=&arrayref2str($_).'=';
-    } elsif (ref($_) eq 'HASH') {
-      $result.=&hashref2str($_).'=';
-    } elsif (ref($_)) {
+  foreach my $key (sort(keys(%$hashref))) {
+    if (ref($key) eq 'ARRAY') {
+      $result.=&arrayref2str($key).'=';
+    } elsif (ref($key) eq 'HASH') {
+      $result.=&hashref2str($key).'=';
+    } elsif (ref($key)) {
       $result.='=';
-      #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($_))." skipping.");
+      #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($key))." skipping.");
     } else {
-	if ($_) {$result.=&escape($_).'=';} else { last; }
+	if (defined($key)) {$result.=&escape($key).'=';} else { last; }
     }
 
-    if(ref($hashref->{$_}) eq 'ARRAY') {
-      $result.=&arrayref2str($hashref->{$_}).'&';
-    } elsif(ref($hashref->{$_}) eq 'HASH') {
-      $result.=&hashref2str($hashref->{$_}).'&';
-    } elsif(ref($hashref->{$_})) {
+    if(ref($hashref->{$key}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+      $result.=&arrayref2str($hashref->{$key}).'&';
+    } elsif(ref($hashref->{$key}) eq 'HASH') {
+      $result.=&hashref2str($hashref->{$key}).'&';
+    } elsif(ref($hashref->{$key})) {
        $result.='&';
-      #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($hashref->{$_}))." skipping.");
+      #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($hashref->{$key}))." skipping.");
     } else {
-      $result.=&escape($hashref->{$_}).'&';
+      $result.=&escape($hashref->{$key}).'&';
     }
   }
   $result=~s/\&$//;
@@ -1233,23 +5497,25 @@ sub tmpreset {
   my ($symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname) = @_;
   if (!$symb) {
     $symb=&symbread();
-    if (!$symb) { $symb= $ENV{'REQUEST_URI'}; }
+    if (!$symb) { $symb= $env{'request.url'}; }
   }
   $symb=escape($symb);
 
-  if (!$namespace) { $namespace=$ENV{'request.state'}; }
+  if (!$namespace) { $namespace=$env{'request.state'}; }
   $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
   $namespace=~s/\W//g;
 
-  #FIXME needs to do something for /pub resources
-  if (!$domain) { $domain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-  if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
-  my $path=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+  if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+  if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+  if ($domain eq 'public' && $stuname eq 'public') {
+      $stuname=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+  }
+  my $path=LONCAPA::tempdir();
   my %hash;
   if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
 	  $path.'/tmpstore_'.$stuname.'_'.$domain.'_'.$namespace.'.db',
 	  &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-    foreach my $key (keys %hash) {
+    foreach my $key (keys(%hash)) {
       if ($key=~ /:$symb/) {
 	delete($hash{$key});
       }
@@ -1262,26 +5528,28 @@ sub tmpstore {
 
   if (!$symb) {
     $symb=&symbread();
-    if (!$symb) { $symb= $ENV{'request.url'}; }
+    if (!$symb) { $symb= $env{'request.url'}; }
   }
   $symb=escape($symb);
 
   if (!$namespace) {
     # I don't think we would ever want to store this for a course.
     # it seems this will only be used if we don't have a course.
-    #$namespace=$ENV{'request.course.id'};
+    #$namespace=$env{'request.course.id'};
     #if (!$namespace) {
-      $namespace=$ENV{'request.state'};
+      $namespace=$env{'request.state'};
     #}
   }
   $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
   $namespace=~s/\W//g;
-#FIXME needs to do something for /pub resources
-  if (!$domain) { $domain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-  if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
+  if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+  if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+  if ($domain eq 'public' && $stuname eq 'public') {
+      $stuname=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+  }
   my $now=time;
   my %hash;
-  my $path=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+  my $path=LONCAPA::tempdir();
   if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
 	  $path.'/tmpstore_'.$stuname.'_'.$domain.'_'.$namespace.'.db',
 	  &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
@@ -1290,7 +5558,7 @@ sub tmpstore {
     my $allkeys=''; 
     foreach my $key (keys(%$storehash)) {
       $allkeys.=$key.':';
-      $hash{"$version:$symb:$key"}=$$storehash{$key};
+      $hash{"$version:$symb:$key"}=&freeze_escape($$storehash{$key});
     }
     $hash{"$version:$symb:timestamp"}=$now;
     $allkeys.='timestamp';
@@ -1312,20 +5580,22 @@ sub tmprestore {
 
   if (!$symb) {
     $symb=&symbread();
-    if (!$symb) { $symb= $ENV{'request.url'}; }
+    if (!$symb) { $symb= $env{'request.url'}; }
   }
   $symb=escape($symb);
 
-  if (!$namespace) { $namespace=$ENV{'request.state'}; }
-  #FIXME needs to do something for /pub resources
-  if (!$domain) { $domain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-  if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
+  if (!$namespace) { $namespace=$env{'request.state'}; }
 
+  if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+  if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+  if ($domain eq 'public' && $stuname eq 'public') {
+      $stuname=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+  }
   my %returnhash;
   $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
   $namespace=~s/\W//g;
   my %hash;
-  my $path=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+  my $path=LONCAPA::tempdir();
   if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
 	  $path.'/tmpstore_'.$stuname.'_'.$domain.'_'.$namespace.'.db',
 	  &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
@@ -1338,8 +5608,8 @@ sub tmprestore {
       my $key;
       $returnhash{"$scope:keys"}=$vkeys;
       foreach $key (@keys) {
-	$returnhash{"$scope:$key"}=$hash{"$scope:$symb:$key"};
-	$returnhash{"$key"}=$hash{"$scope:$symb:$key"};
+	$returnhash{"$scope:$key"}=&thaw_unescape($hash{"$scope:$symb:$key"});
+	$returnhash{"$key"}=&thaw_unescape($hash{"$scope:$symb:$key"});
       }
     }
     if (!(untie(%hash))) {
@@ -1354,7 +5624,7 @@ sub tmprestore {
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Store
 
 sub store {
-    my ($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname) = @_;
+    my ($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname,$laststore) = @_;
     my $home='';
 
     if ($stuname) { $home=&homeserver($stuname,$domain); }
@@ -1362,30 +5632,35 @@ sub store {
     $symb=&symbclean($symb);
     if (!$symb) { unless ($symb=&symbread()) { return ''; } }
 
-    &devalidate($symb);
+    if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+
+    &devalidate($symb,$stuname,$domain);
 
     $symb=escape($symb);
     if (!$namespace) { 
-       unless ($namespace=$ENV{'request.course.id'}) { 
+       unless ($namespace=$env{'request.course.id'}) { 
           return ''; 
        } 
     }
-    if (!$domain) { $domain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-    if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
-    if (!$home) { $home=$ENV{'user.home'}; }
+    if (!$home) { $home=$env{'user.home'}; }
+
+    $$storehash{'ip'}=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+    $$storehash{'host'}=$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+
     my $namevalue='';
-    foreach (keys %$storehash) {
-        $namevalue.=escape($_).'='.escape($$storehash{$_}).'&';
+    foreach my $key (keys(%$storehash)) {
+        $namevalue.=&escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$key}).'&';
     }
     $namevalue=~s/\&$//;
     &courselog($symb.':'.$stuname.':'.$domain.':STORE:'.$namevalue);
-    return reply("store:$domain:$stuname:$namespace:$symb:$namevalue","$home");
+    return reply("store:$domain:$stuname:$namespace:$symb:$namevalue:$laststore","$home");
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- Critical Store
 
 sub cstore {
-    my ($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname) = @_;
+    my ($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$domain,$stuname,$laststore) = @_;
     my $home='';
 
     if ($stuname) { $home=&homeserver($stuname,$domain); }
@@ -1393,26 +5668,30 @@ sub cstore {
     $symb=&symbclean($symb);
     if (!$symb) { unless ($symb=&symbread()) { return ''; } }
 
-    &devalidate($symb);
+    if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+
+    &devalidate($symb,$stuname,$domain);
 
     $symb=escape($symb);
     if (!$namespace) { 
-       unless ($namespace=$ENV{'request.course.id'}) { 
+       unless ($namespace=$env{'request.course.id'}) { 
           return ''; 
        } 
     }
-    if (!$domain) { $domain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-    if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
-    if (!$home) { $home=$ENV{'user.home'}; }
+    if (!$home) { $home=$env{'user.home'}; }
+
+    $$storehash{'ip'}=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+    $$storehash{'host'}=$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
 
     my $namevalue='';
-    foreach (keys %$storehash) {
-        $namevalue.=escape($_).'='.escape($$storehash{$_}).'&';
+    foreach my $key (keys(%$storehash)) {
+        $namevalue.=&escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$key}).'&';
     }
     $namevalue=~s/\&$//;
     &courselog($symb.':'.$stuname.':'.$domain.':CSTORE:'.$namevalue);
     return critical
-                ("store:$domain:$stuname:$namespace:$symb:$namevalue","$home");
+                ("store:$domain:$stuname:$namespace:$symb:$namevalue:$laststore","$home");
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------- Restore
@@ -1424,164 +5703,700 @@ sub restore {
     if ($stuname) { $home=&homeserver($stuname,$domain); }
 
     if (!$symb) {
-      unless ($symb=escape(&symbread())) { return ''; }
+        return if ($namespace eq 'courserequests');
+        unless ($symb=escape(&symbread())) { return ''; }
     } else {
-      $symb=&escape(&symbclean($symb));
+        unless ($namespace eq 'courserequests') {
+            $symb=&escape(&symbclean($symb));
+        }
     }
     if (!$namespace) { 
-       unless ($namespace=$ENV{'request.course.id'}) { 
+       unless ($namespace=$env{'request.course.id'}) { 
           return ''; 
        } 
     }
-    if (!$domain) { $domain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-    if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
-    if (!$home) { $home=$ENV{'user.home'}; }
+    if (!$domain) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$stuname) { $stuname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+    if (!$home) { $home=$env{'user.home'}; }
     my $answer=&reply("restore:$domain:$stuname:$namespace:$symb","$home");
 
     my %returnhash=();
-    foreach (split(/\&/,$answer)) {
-	my ($name,$value)=split(/\=/,$_);
-        $returnhash{&unescape($name)}=&unescape($value);
+    foreach my $line (split(/\&/,$answer)) {
+	my ($name,$value)=split(/\=/,$line);
+        $returnhash{&unescape($name)}=&thaw_unescape($value);
     }
     my $version;
     for ($version=1;$version<=$returnhash{'version'};$version++) {
-       foreach (split(/\:/,$returnhash{$version.':keys'})) {
-          $returnhash{$_}=$returnhash{$version.':'.$_};
+       foreach my $item (split(/\:/,$returnhash{$version.':keys'})) {
+          $returnhash{$item}=$returnhash{$version.':'.$item};
        }
     }
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Course Description
+#
+#  
 
 sub coursedescription {
-    my $courseid=shift;
+    my ($courseid,$args)=@_;
     $courseid=~s/^\///;
     $courseid=~s/\_/\//g;
     my ($cdomain,$cnum)=split(/\//,$courseid);
     my $chome=&homeserver($cnum,$cdomain);
+    my $normalid=$cdomain.'_'.$cnum;
+    # need to always cache even if we get errors otherwise we keep 
+    # trying and trying and trying to get the course description.
+    my %envhash=();
+    my %returnhash=();
+    
+    my $expiretime=600;
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'} eq $normalid) {
+	$expiretime=120;
+    }
+
+    my $prefix='course.'.$cdomain.'_'.$cnum.'.';
+    if (!$args->{'freshen_cache'}
+	&& ((time-$env{$prefix.'last_cache'}) < $expiretime) ) {
+	foreach my $key (keys(%env)) {
+	    next if ($key !~ /^\Q$prefix\E(.*)/);
+	    my ($setting) = $1;
+	    $returnhash{$setting} = $env{$key};
+	}
+	return %returnhash;
+    }
+
+    # get the data again
+
+    if (!$args->{'one_time'}) {
+	$envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.last_cache'}=time;
+    }
+
     if ($chome ne 'no_host') {
-       my %returnhash=&dump('environment',$cdomain,$cnum);
+       %returnhash=&dump('environment',$cdomain,$cnum);
        if (!exists($returnhash{'con_lost'})) {
-           my $normalid=$cdomain.'_'.$cnum;
-           my %envhash=();
+	   my $username = $env{'user.name'}; # Defult username
+	   if(defined $args->{'user'}) {
+	       $username = $args->{'user'};
+	   }
            $returnhash{'home'}= $chome;
 	   $returnhash{'domain'} = $cdomain;
 	   $returnhash{'num'} = $cnum;
+           if (!defined($returnhash{'type'})) {
+               $returnhash{'type'} = 'Course';
+           }
            while (my ($name,$value) = each %returnhash) {
                $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.'.$name}=$value;
            }
            $returnhash{'url'}=&clutter($returnhash{'url'});
-           $returnhash{'fn'}=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.
-	       $ENV{'user.name'}.'_'.$cdomain.'_'.$cnum;
-           $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.last_cache'}=time;
+           $returnhash{'fn'}=LONCAPA::tempdir() .
+	       $username.'_'.$cdomain.'_'.$cnum;
            $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.home'}=$chome;
            $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.domain'}=$cdomain;
            $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.num'}=$cnum;
-           &appenv(%envhash);
-           return %returnhash;
        }
     }
-    return ();
+    if (!$args->{'one_time'}) {
+	&appenv(\%envhash);
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+sub update_released_required {
+    my ($needsrelease,$cdom,$cnum,$chome,$cid) = @_;
+    if ($cdom eq '' || $cnum eq '' || $chome eq '' || $cid eq '') {
+        $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
+        $cdom = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+        $cnum = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'};
+        $chome = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.home'};
+    }
+    if ($needsrelease) {
+        my %curr_reqd_hash = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,'internal.releaserequired');
+        my $needsupdate;
+        if ($curr_reqd_hash{'internal.releaserequired'} eq '') {
+            $needsupdate = 1;
+        } else {
+            my ($currmajor,$currminor) = split(/\./,$curr_reqd_hash{'internal.releaserequired'});
+            my ($needsmajor,$needsminor) = split(/\./,$needsrelease);
+            if (($currmajor < $needsmajor) || ($currmajor == $needsmajor && $currminor < $needsminor)) {
+                $needsupdate = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($needsupdate) {
+            my %needshash = (
+                             'internal.releaserequired' => $needsrelease,
+                            );
+            my $putresult = &put('environment',\%needshash,$cdom,$cnum);
+            if ($putresult eq 'ok') {
+                &appenv({'course.'.$cid.'.internal.releaserequired' => $needsrelease});
+                my %crsinfo = &courseiddump($cdom,'.',1,'.','.',$cnum,undef,undef,'.');
+                if (ref($crsinfo{$cid}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    $crsinfo{$cid}{'releaserequired'} = $needsrelease;
+                    &courseidput($cdom,\%crsinfo,$chome,'notime');
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+# -------------------------------------------------See if a user is privileged
+
+sub privileged {
+    my ($username,$domain,$possdomains,$possroles)=@_;
+    my $now = time;
+    my $roles;
+    if (ref($possroles) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        $roles = $possroles; 
+    } else {
+        $roles = ['dc','su'];
+    }
+    if (ref($possdomains) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        my %privileged = &privileged_by_domain($possdomains,$roles);
+        foreach my $dom (@{$possdomains}) {
+            if (($username =~ /^$match_username$/) && ($domain =~ /^$match_domain$/) &&
+                (ref($privileged{$dom}) eq 'HASH')) {
+                foreach my $role (@{$roles}) {
+                    if (ref($privileged{$dom}{$role}) eq 'HASH') {
+                        if (exists($privileged{$dom}{$role}{$username.':'.$domain})) {
+                            my ($end,$start) = split(/:/,$privileged{$dom}{$role}{$username.':'.$domain});
+                            return 1 unless (($end && $end < $now) ||
+                                             ($start && $start > $now));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        my %rolesdump = &dump("roles", $domain, $username) or return 0;
+        my $now = time;
+
+        for my $role (@rolesdump{grep { ! /^rolesdef_/ } keys(%rolesdump)}) {
+            my ($trole, $tend, $tstart) = split(/_/, $role);
+            if (grep(/^\Q$trole\E$/,@{$roles})) {
+                return 1 unless ($tend && $tend < $now) 
+                        or ($tstart && $tstart > $now);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+sub privileged_by_domain {
+    my ($domains,$roles) = @_;
+    my %privileged = ();
+    my $cachetime = 60*60*24;
+    my $now = time;
+    unless ((ref($domains) eq 'ARRAY') && (ref($roles) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        return %privileged;
+    }
+    foreach my $dom (@{$domains}) {
+        next if (ref($privileged{$dom}) eq 'HASH');
+        my $needroles;
+        foreach my $role (@{$roles}) {
+            my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('priv_'.$role,$dom);
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+                    $privileged{$dom}{$role} = $result;
+                }
+            } else {
+                $needroles = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($needroles) {
+            my %dompersonnel = &get_domain_roles($dom,$roles);
+            $privileged{$dom} = {};
+            foreach my $server (keys(%dompersonnel)) {
+                if (ref($dompersonnel{$server}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    foreach my $item (keys(%{$dompersonnel{$server}})) {
+                        my ($trole,$uname,$udom,$rest) = split(/:/,$item,4);
+                        my ($end,$start) = split(/:/,$dompersonnel{$server}{$item});
+                        next if ($end && $end < $now);
+                        $privileged{$dom}{$trole}{$uname.':'.$udom} = 
+                            $dompersonnel{$server}{$item};
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (ref($privileged{$dom}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $role (@{$roles}) {
+                    if (ref($privileged{$dom}{$role}) eq 'HASH') {
+                        &do_cache_new('priv_'.$role,$dom,$privileged{$dom}{$role},$cachetime);
+                    } else {
+                        my %hash = ();
+                        &do_cache_new('priv_'.$role,$dom,\%hash,$cachetime);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %privileged;
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------- Get user privileges
 
 sub rolesinit {
-    my ($domain,$username,$authhost)=@_;
-    my $rolesdump=reply("dump:$domain:$username:roles",$authhost);
-    if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '')) { return ''; }
+    my ($domain, $username) = @_;
+    my %userroles = ('user.login.time' => time);
+    my %rolesdump = &dump("roles", $domain, $username) or return \%userroles;
+
+    # firstaccess and timerinterval are related to timed maps/resources. 
+    # also, blocking can be triggered by an activating timer
+    # it's saved in the user's %env.
+    my %firstaccess = &dump('firstaccesstimes', $domain, $username);
+    my %timerinterval = &dump('timerinterval', $domain, $username);
+    my (%coursetimerstarts, %firstaccchk, %firstaccenv, %coursetimerintervals,
+        %timerintchk, %timerintenv);
+
+    foreach my $key (keys(%firstaccess)) {
+        my ($cid, $rest) = split(/\0/, $key);
+        $coursetimerstarts{$cid}{$rest} = $firstaccess{$key};
+    }
+
+    foreach my $key (keys(%timerinterval)) {
+        my ($cid,$rest) = split(/\0/,$key);
+        $coursetimerintervals{$cid}{$rest} = $timerinterval{$key};
+    }
+
     my %allroles=();
-    my %thesepriv=();
-    my $now=time;
-    my $userroles="user.login.time=$now\n";
-    my $thesestr;
+    my %allgroups=();
 
-    if ($rolesdump ne '') {
-        foreach (split(/&/,$rolesdump)) {
-	  if ($_!~/^rolesdef\&/) {
-            my ($area,$role)=split(/=/,$_);
-            $area=~s/\_\w\w$//;
-            my ($trole,$tend,$tstart)=split(/_/,$role);
-            $userroles.='user.role.'.$trole.'.'.$area.'='.
-                        $tstart.'.'.$tend."\n";
-            if ($tend!=0) {
-	        if ($tend<$now) {
-	            $trole='';
-                } 
+    for my $area (grep { ! /^rolesdef_/ } keys(%rolesdump)) {
+        my $role = $rolesdump{$area};
+        $area =~ s/\_\w\w$//;
+
+        my ($trole, $tend, $tstart, $group_privs);
+
+        if ($role =~ /^cr/) {
+        # Custom role, defined by a user 
+        # e.g., user.role.cr/msu/smith/mynewrole
+            if ($role =~ m|^(cr/$match_domain/$match_username/[a-zA-Z0-9]+)_(.*)$|) {
+                $trole = $1;
+                ($tend, $tstart) = split('_', $2);
+            } else {
+                $trole = $role;
             }
-            if ($tstart!=0) {
-                if ($tstart>$now) {
-                   $trole='';        
-                }
-            }
-            if (($area ne '') && ($trole ne '')) {
-	       my $spec=$trole.'.'.$area;
-               my ($tdummy,$tdomain,$trest)=split(/\//,$area);
-               if ($trole =~ /^cr\//) {
-		   my ($rdummy,$rdomain,$rauthor,$rrole)=split(/\//,$trole);
-                   my $homsvr=homeserver($rauthor,$rdomain);
-                   if ($hostname{$homsvr} ne '') {
-                      my $roledef=
-			  reply("get:$rdomain:$rauthor:roles:rolesdef_$rrole",
-                                $homsvr);
-                      if (($roledef ne 'con_lost') && ($roledef ne '')) {
-                         my ($syspriv,$dompriv,$coursepriv)=
-			     split(/\_/,unescape($roledef));
- 	                 $allroles{'cm./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
-                         $allroles{$spec.'./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
-                         if ($tdomain ne '') {
-                             $allroles{'cm./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$dompriv;
-                             $allroles{$spec.'./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$dompriv;
-                             if ($trest ne '') {
-		                $allroles{'cm.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
-		                $allroles{$spec.'.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
-                             }
-	                 }
-                      }
-                   }
-               } else {
-	           $allroles{'cm./'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':s'};
-	           $allroles{$spec.'./'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':s'};
-                   if ($tdomain ne '') {
-                     $allroles{'cm./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':d'};
-                     $allroles{$spec.'./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':d'};
-                      if ($trest ne '') {
-		          $allroles{'cm.'.$area}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':c'};
-		          $allroles{$spec.'.'.$area}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':c'};
-                      }
-	           }
-	       }
+        } elsif ($role =~ m|^gr/|) {
+        # Role of member in a group, defined within a course/community
+        # e.g., user.role.gr/msu/04935610a19ee4a5fmsul1/leopards
+            ($trole, $tend, $tstart) = split(/_/, $role);
+            next if $tstart eq '-1';
+            ($trole, $group_privs) = split(/\//, $trole);
+            $group_privs = &unescape($group_privs);
+        } else {
+        # Just a normal role, defined in roles.tab
+            ($trole, $tend, $tstart) = split(/_/,$role);
+        }
+
+        my %new_role = &set_arearole($trole,$area,$tstart,$tend,$domain,
+                 $username);
+        @userroles{keys(%new_role)} = @new_role{keys(%new_role)};
+
+        # role expired or not available yet?
+        $trole = '' if ($tend != 0 && $tend < $userroles{'user.login.time'}) or 
+            ($tstart != 0 && $tstart > $userroles{'user.login.time'});
+
+        next if $area eq '' or $trole eq '';
+
+        my $spec = "$trole.$area";
+        my ($tdummy, $tdomain, $trest) = split(/\//, $area);
+
+        if ($trole =~ /^cr\//) {
+        # Custom role, defined by a user
+            &custom_roleprivs(\%allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$trest,$spec,$area);
+        } elsif ($trole eq 'gr') {
+        # Role of a member in a group, defined within a course/community
+            &group_roleprivs(\%allgroups,$area,$group_privs,$tend,$tstart);
+            next;
+        } else {
+        # Normal role, defined in roles.tab
+            &standard_roleprivs(\%allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$area);
+        }
+
+        my $cid = $tdomain.'_'.$trest;
+        unless ($firstaccchk{$cid}) {
+            if (ref($coursetimerstarts{$cid}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $item (keys(%{$coursetimerstarts{$cid}})) {
+                    $firstaccenv{'course.'.$cid.'.firstaccess.'.$item} = 
+                        $coursetimerstarts{$cid}{$item}; 
+                }
+            }
+            $firstaccchk{$cid} = 1;
+        }
+        unless ($timerintchk{$cid}) {
+            if (ref($coursetimerintervals{$cid}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $item (keys(%{$coursetimerintervals{$cid}})) {
+                    $timerintenv{'course.'.$cid.'.timerinterval.'.$item} =
+                       $coursetimerintervals{$cid}{$item};
+                }
+            }
+            $timerintchk{$cid} = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @userroles{'user.author','user.adv','user.rar'} = &set_userprivs(\%userroles,
+                                                          \%allroles, \%allgroups);
+    $env{'user.adv'} = $userroles{'user.adv'};
+    $env{'user.rar'} = $userroles{'user.rar'};
+
+    return (\%userroles,\%firstaccenv,\%timerintenv);
+}
+
+sub set_arearole {
+    my ($trole,$area,$tstart,$tend,$domain,$username,$nolog) = @_;
+    unless ($nolog) {
+# log the associated role with the area
+        &userrolelog($trole,$username,$domain,$area,$tstart,$tend);
+    }
+    return ('user.role.'.$trole.'.'.$area => $tstart.'.'.$tend);
+}
+
+sub custom_roleprivs {
+    my ($allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$trest,$spec,$area) = @_;
+    my ($rdummy,$rdomain,$rauthor,$rrole)=split(/\//,$trole);
+    my $homsvr = &homeserver($rauthor,$rdomain);
+    if (&hostname($homsvr) ne '') {
+        my ($rdummy,$roledef)=
+            &get('roles',["rolesdef_$rrole"],$rdomain,$rauthor);
+        if (($rdummy ne 'con_lost') && ($roledef ne '')) {
+            my ($syspriv,$dompriv,$coursepriv)=split(/\_/,$roledef);
+            if (defined($syspriv)) {
+                if ($trest =~ /^$match_community$/) {
+                    $syspriv =~ s/bre\&S//; 
+                }
+                $$allroles{'cm./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
+                $$allroles{$spec.'./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
+            }
+            if ($tdomain ne '') {
+                if (defined($dompriv)) {
+                    $$allroles{'cm./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$dompriv;
+                    $$allroles{$spec.'./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$dompriv;
+                }
+                if (($trest ne '') && (defined($coursepriv))) {
+                    if ($trole =~ m{^cr/$tdomain/$tdomain\Q-domainconfig\E/([^/]+)$}) {
+                        my $rolename = $1;
+                        $coursepriv = &course_adhocrole_privs($rolename,$tdomain,$trest,$coursepriv);
+                    }
+                    $$allroles{'cm.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
+                    $$allroles{$spec.'.'.$area}.=':'.$coursepriv;
+                }
             }
-          } 
         }
-        my $adv=0;
-        my $author=0;
-        foreach (keys %allroles) {
-            %thesepriv=();
-            if (($_!~/^st/) && ($_!~/^ta/) && ($_!~/^cm/)) { $adv=1; }
-            if (($_=~/^au/) || ($_=~/^ca/)) { $author=1; }
-            foreach (split(/:/,$allroles{$_})) {
-                if ($_ ne '') {
-		    my ($privilege,$restrictions)=split(/&/,$_);
-                    if ($restrictions eq '') {
-			$thesepriv{$privilege}='F';
+    }
+}
+
+sub course_adhocrole_privs {
+    my ($rolename,$cdom,$cnum,$coursepriv) = @_;
+    my %overrides = &get('environment',["internal.adhocpriv.$rolename"],$cdom,$cnum);
+    if ($overrides{"internal.adhocpriv.$rolename"}) {
+        my (%currprivs,%storeprivs);
+        foreach my $item (split(/:/,$coursepriv)) {
+            my ($priv,$restrict) = split(/\&/,$item);
+            $currprivs{$priv} = $restrict;
+        }
+        my (%possadd,%possremove,%full);
+        foreach my $item (split(/\:/,$Apache::lonnet::pr{'cr:c'})) {
+            my ($priv,$restrict)=split(/\&/,$item);
+            $full{$priv} = $restrict;
+        }
+        foreach my $item (split(/,/,$overrides{"internal.adhocpriv.$rolename"})) {
+             next if ($item eq '');
+             my ($rule,$rest) = split(/=/,$item);
+             next unless (($rule eq 'off') || ($rule eq 'on'));
+             foreach my $priv (split(/:/,$rest)) {
+                 if ($priv ne '') {
+                     if ($rule eq 'off') {
+                         $possremove{$priv} = 1;
+                     } else {
+                         $possadd{$priv} = 1;
+                     }
+                 }
+             }
+         }
+         foreach my $priv (sort(keys(%full))) {
+             if (exists($currprivs{$priv})) {
+                 unless (exists($possremove{$priv})) {
+                     $storeprivs{$priv} = $currprivs{$priv};
+                 }
+             } elsif (exists($possadd{$priv})) {
+                 $storeprivs{$priv} = $full{$priv};
+             }
+         }
+         $coursepriv = ':'.join(':',map { $_.'&'.$storeprivs{$_}; } sort(keys(%storeprivs)));
+     }
+     return $coursepriv;
+}
+
+sub group_roleprivs {
+    my ($allgroups,$area,$group_privs,$tend,$tstart) = @_;
+    my $access = 1;
+    my $now = time;
+    if (($tend!=0) && ($tend<$now)) { $access = 0; }
+    if (($tstart!=0) && ($tstart>$now)) { $access=0; }
+    if ($access) {
+        my ($course,$group) = ($area =~ m|(/$match_domain/$match_courseid)/([^/]+)$|);
+        $$allgroups{$course}{$group} .=':'.$group_privs;
+    }
+}
+
+sub standard_roleprivs {
+    my ($allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$area) = @_;
+    if (defined($pr{$trole.':s'})) {
+        $$allroles{'cm./'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':s'};
+        $$allroles{$spec.'./'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':s'};
+    }
+    if ($tdomain ne '') {
+        if (defined($pr{$trole.':d'})) {
+            $$allroles{'cm./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':d'};
+            $$allroles{$spec.'./'.$tdomain.'/'}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':d'};
+        }
+        if (($trest ne '') && (defined($pr{$trole.':c'}))) {
+            $$allroles{'cm.'.$area}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':c'};
+            $$allroles{$spec.'.'.$area}.=':'.$pr{$trole.':c'};
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub set_userprivs {
+    my ($userroles,$allroles,$allgroups,$groups_roles) = @_; 
+    my $author=0;
+    my $adv=0;
+    my $rar=0;
+    my %grouproles = ();
+    if (keys(%{$allgroups}) > 0) {
+        my @groupkeys; 
+        foreach my $role (keys(%{$allroles})) {
+            push(@groupkeys,$role);
+        }
+        if (ref($groups_roles) eq 'HASH') {
+            foreach my $key (keys(%{$groups_roles})) {
+                unless (grep(/^\Q$key\E$/,@groupkeys)) {
+                    push(@groupkeys,$key);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (@groupkeys > 0) {
+            foreach my $role (@groupkeys) {
+                my ($trole,$area,$sec,$extendedarea);
+                if ($role =~ m-^(\w+|cr/$match_domain/$match_username/\w+)\.(/$match_domain/$match_courseid)(/?\w*)\.-) {
+                    $trole = $1;
+                    $area = $2;
+                    $sec = $3;
+                    $extendedarea = $area.$sec;
+                    if (exists($$allgroups{$area})) {
+                        foreach my $group (keys(%{$$allgroups{$area}})) {
+                            my $spec = $trole.'.'.$extendedarea;
+                            $grouproles{$spec.'.'.$area.'/'.$group} = 
+                                                $$allgroups{$area}{$group};
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    foreach my $group (keys(%grouproles)) {
+        $$allroles{$group} = $grouproles{$group};
+    }
+    foreach my $role (keys(%{$allroles})) {
+        my %thesepriv;
+        if (($role=~/^au/) || ($role=~/^ca/) || ($role=~/^aa/)) { $author=1; }
+        foreach my $item (split(/:/,$$allroles{$role})) {
+            if ($item ne '') {
+                my ($privilege,$restrictions)=split(/&/,$item);
+                if ($restrictions eq '') {
+                    $thesepriv{$privilege}='F';
+                } elsif ($thesepriv{$privilege} ne 'F') {
+                    $thesepriv{$privilege}.=$restrictions;
+                }
+                if ($thesepriv{'adv'} eq 'F') { $adv=1; }
+                if ($thesepriv{'rar'} eq 'F') { $rar=1; }
+            }
+        }
+        my $thesestr='';
+        foreach my $priv (sort(keys(%thesepriv))) {
+	    $thesestr.=':'.$priv.'&'.$thesepriv{$priv};
+	}
+        $userroles->{'user.priv.'.$role} = $thesestr;
+    }
+    return ($author,$adv,$rar);
+}
+
+sub role_status {
+    my ($rolekey,$update,$refresh,$now,$role,$where,$trolecode,$tstatus,$tstart,$tend) = @_;
+    if (exists($env{$rolekey}) && $env{$rolekey} ne '') {
+        my ($one,$two) = split(m{\./},$rolekey,2);
+        (undef,undef,$$role) = split(/\./,$one,3);
+        unless (!defined($$role) || $$role eq '') {
+            $$where = '/'.$two;
+            $$trolecode=$$role.'.'.$$where;
+            ($$tstart,$$tend)=split(/\./,$env{$rolekey});
+            $$tstatus='is';
+            if ($$tstart && $$tstart>$update) {
+                $$tstatus='future';
+                if ($$tstart<$now) {
+                    if ($$tstart && $$tstart>$refresh) {
+                        if (($$where ne '') && ($$role ne '')) {
+                            my (%allroles,%allgroups,$group_privs,
+                                %groups_roles,@rolecodes);
+                            my %userroles = (
+                                'user.role.'.$$role.'.'.$$where => $$tstart.'.'.$$tend
+                            );
+                            @rolecodes = ('cm'); 
+                            my $spec=$$role.'.'.$$where;
+                            my ($tdummy,$tdomain,$trest)=split(/\//,$$where);
+                            if ($$role =~ /^cr\//) {
+                                &custom_roleprivs(\%allroles,$$role,$tdomain,$trest,$spec,$$where);
+                                push(@rolecodes,'cr');
+                            } elsif ($$role eq 'gr') {
+                                push(@rolecodes,$$role);
+                                my %rolehash = &get('roles',[$$where.'_'.$$role],$env{'user.domain'},
+                                                    $env{'user.name'});
+                                my ($trole) = split('_',$rolehash{$$where.'_'.$$role},2);
+                                (undef,my $group_privs) = split(/\//,$trole);
+                                $group_privs = &unescape($group_privs);
+                                &group_roleprivs(\%allgroups,$$where,$group_privs,$$tend,$$tstart);
+                                my %course_roles = &get_my_roles($env{'user.name'},$env{'user.domain'},'userroles',['active'],['cc','co','in','ta','ep','ad','st','cr'],[$tdomain],1);
+                                &get_groups_roles($tdomain,$trest,
+                                                  \%course_roles,\@rolecodes,
+                                                  \%groups_roles);
+                            } else {
+                                push(@rolecodes,$$role);
+                                &standard_roleprivs(\%allroles,$$role,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$$where);
+                            }
+                            my ($author,$adv,$rar)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%allroles,\%allgroups,
+                                                                   \%groups_roles);
+                            &appenv(\%userroles,\@rolecodes);
+                            &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$spec);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    $$tstatus = 'is';
+                }
+            }
+            if ($$tend) {
+                if ($$tend<$update) {
+                    $$tstatus='expired';
+                } elsif ($$tend<$now) {
+                    $$tstatus='will_not';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_groups_roles {
+    my ($cdom,$rest,$cdom_courseroles,$rolecodes,$groups_roles) = @_;
+    return unless((ref($cdom_courseroles) eq 'HASH') && 
+                  (ref($rolecodes) eq 'ARRAY') && 
+                  (ref($groups_roles) eq 'HASH')); 
+    if (keys(%{$cdom_courseroles}) > 0) {
+        my ($cnum) = ($rest =~ /^($match_courseid)/);
+        if ($cdom ne '' && $cnum ne '') {
+            foreach my $key (keys(%{$cdom_courseroles})) {
+                if ($key =~ /^\Q$cnum\E:\Q$cdom\E:([^:]+):?([^:]*)/) {
+                    my $crsrole = $1;
+                    my $crssec = $2;
+                    if ($crsrole =~ /^cr/) {
+                        unless (grep(/^cr$/,@{$rolecodes})) {
+                            push(@{$rolecodes},'cr');
+                        }
                     } else {
-                        if ($thesepriv{$privilege} ne 'F') {
-			    $thesepriv{$privilege}.=$restrictions;
+                        unless(grep(/^\Q$crsrole\E$/,@{$rolecodes})) {
+                            push(@{$rolecodes},$crsrole);
                         }
                     }
+                    my $rolekey = "$crsrole./$cdom/$cnum";
+                    if ($crssec ne '') {
+                        $rolekey .= "/$crssec";
+                    }
+                    $rolekey .= './';
+                    $groups_roles->{$rolekey} = $rolecodes;
                 }
             }
-            $thesestr='';
-            foreach (keys %thesepriv) { $thesestr.=':'.$_.'&'.$thesepriv{$_}; }
-            $userroles.='user.priv.'.$_.'='.$thesestr."\n";
         }
-        $userroles.='user.adv='.$adv."\n".
-	            'user.author='.$author."\n";
-        $ENV{'user.adv'}=$adv;
     }
-    return $userroles;  
+    return;
+}
+
+sub delete_env_groupprivs {
+    my ($where,$courseroles,$possroles) = @_;
+    return unless((ref($courseroles) eq 'HASH') && (ref($possroles) eq 'ARRAY'));
+    my ($dummy,$udom,$uname,$group) = split(/\//,$where);
+    unless (ref($courseroles->{$udom}) eq 'HASH') {
+        %{$courseroles->{$udom}} =
+            &get_my_roles('','','userroles',['active'],
+                          $possroles,[$udom],1);
+    }
+    if (ref($courseroles->{$udom}) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $item (keys(%{$courseroles->{$udom}})) {
+            my ($cnum,$cdom,$crsrole,$crssec) = split(/:/,$item);
+            my $area = '/'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum;
+            my $privkey = "user.priv.$crsrole.$area";
+            if ($crssec ne '') {
+                $privkey .= '/'.$crssec;
+            }
+            $privkey .= ".$area/$group";
+            &Apache::lonnet::delenv($privkey,undef,[$crsrole]);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub check_adhoc_privs {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$update,$refresh,$now,$checkrole,$caller,$sec) = @_;
+    my $cckey = 'user.role.'.$checkrole.'./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum;
+    if ($sec) {
+        $cckey .= '/'.$sec;
+    } 
+    my $setprivs;
+    if ($env{$cckey}) {
+        my ($role,$where,$trolecode,$tstart,$tend,$tremark,$tstatus,$tpstart,$tpend);
+        &role_status($cckey,$update,$refresh,$now,\$role,\$where,\$trolecode,\$tstatus,\$tstart,\$tend);
+        unless (($tstatus eq 'is') || ($tstatus eq 'will_not')) {
+            &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller,$sec);
+            $setprivs = 1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller,$sec);
+        $setprivs = 1;
+    }
+    return $setprivs;
+}
+
+sub set_adhoc_privileges {
+# role can be cc, ca, or cr/<dom>/<dom>-domainconfig/role
+    my ($dcdom,$pickedcourse,$role,$caller,$sec) = @_;
+    my $area = '/'.$dcdom.'/'.$pickedcourse;
+    if ($sec ne '') {
+        $area .= '/'.$sec;
+    }
+    my $spec = $role.'.'.$area;
+    my %userroles = &set_arearole($role,$area,'','',$env{'user.domain'},
+                                  $env{'user.name'},1);
+    my %rolehash = ();
+    if ($role =~ m{^\Qcr/$dcdom/$dcdom\E\-domainconfig/(\w+)$}) {
+        my $rolename = $1;
+        &custom_roleprivs(\%rolehash,$role,$dcdom,$pickedcourse,$spec,$area);
+        my %domdef = &get_domain_defaults($dcdom);
+        if (ref($domdef{'adhocroles'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($domdef{'adhocroles'}{$rolename}) eq 'HASH') {
+                &appenv({'request.role.desc' => $domdef{'adhocroles'}{$rolename}{'desc'},});
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        &standard_roleprivs(\%rolehash,$role,$dcdom,$spec,$pickedcourse,$area);
+    }
+    my ($author,$adv,$rar)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%rolehash);
+    &appenv(\%userroles,[$role,'cm']);
+    &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$spec);
+    unless ($caller eq 'constructaccess' && $env{'request.course.id'}) {
+        &appenv( {'request.role'        => $spec,
+                  'request.role.domain' => $dcdom,
+                  'request.course.sec'  => $sec,
+                 }
+               );
+        my $tadv=0;
+        if (&allowed('adv') eq 'F') { $tadv=1; }
+        &appenv({'request.role.adv'    => $tadv});
+    }
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- get interface
@@ -1589,12 +6404,12 @@ sub rolesinit {
 sub get {
    my ($namespace,$storearr,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
    my $items='';
-   foreach (@$storearr) {
-       $items.=escape($_).'&';
+   foreach my $item (@$storearr) {
+       $items.=&escape($item).'&';
    }
    $items=~s/\&$//;
-   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-   if (!$uname) { $uname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
 
    my $rep=&reply("get:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
@@ -1604,8 +6419,8 @@ sub get {
    }
    my %returnhash=();
    my $i=0;
-   foreach (@$storearr) {
-      $returnhash{$_}=unescape($pairs[$i]);
+   foreach my $item (@$storearr) {
+      $returnhash{$item}=&thaw_unescape($pairs[$i]);
       $i++;
    }
    return %returnhash;
@@ -1616,64 +6431,301 @@ sub get {
 sub del {
    my ($namespace,$storearr,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
    my $items='';
-   foreach (@$storearr) {
-       $items.=escape($_).'&';
+   foreach my $item (@$storearr) {
+       $items.=&escape($item).'&';
    }
+
    $items=~s/\&$//;
-   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-   if (!$uname) { $uname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
-
    return &reply("del:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- dump interface
 
+sub unserialize {
+    my ($rep, $escapedkeys) = @_;
+
+    return {} if $rep =~ /^error/;
+
+    my %returnhash=();
+	foreach my $item (split(/\&/,$rep)) {
+	    my ($key, $value) = split(/=/, $item, 2);
+	    $key = unescape($key) unless $escapedkeys;
+	    next if $key =~ /^error: 2 /;
+	    $returnhash{$key} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+	}
+    #return %returnhash;
+    return \%returnhash;
+}        
+
+# see Lond::dump_with_regexp
+# if $escapedkeys hash keys won't get unescaped.
 sub dump {
-   my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname,$regexp)=@_;
-   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-   if (!$uname) { $uname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
+    my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname,$regexp,$range,$escapedkeys)=@_;
+    if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+
+    if ($regexp) {
+        $regexp=&escape($regexp);
+    } else {
+        $regexp='.';
+    }
+    if (grep { $_ eq $uhome } current_machine_ids()) {
+        # user is hosted on this machine
+        my $reply = LONCAPA::Lond::dump_with_regexp(join(":", ($udomain,
+                    $uname, $namespace, $regexp, $range)), $perlvar{'lonVersion'});
+        return %{unserialize($reply, $escapedkeys)};
+    }
+    my $rep=&reply("dump:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$regexp:$range",$uhome);
+    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+    my %returnhash=();
+    if (!($rep =~ /^error/ )) {
+	foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+        $key = unescape($key) unless $escapedkeys;
+        #$key = &unescape($key);
+	    next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+	    $returnhash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+	}
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------- dumpstore interface
+
+sub dumpstore {
+   my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname,$regexp,$range)=@_;
+   # same as dump but keys must be escaped. They may contain colon separated
+   # lists of values that may themself contain colons (e.g. symbs).
+   return &dump($namespace, $udomain, $uname, $regexp, $range, 1);
+}
+
+# -------------------------------------------------------------- keys interface
+
+sub getkeys {
+   my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
-   if ($regexp) {
-       $regexp=&escape($regexp);
+   my $rep=reply("keys:$udomain:$uname:$namespace",$uhome);
+   my @keyarray=();
+   foreach my $key (split(/\&/,$rep)) {
+      next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+      push(@keyarray,&unescape($key));
+   }
+   return @keyarray;
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------- currentdump
+sub currentdump {
+   my ($courseid,$sdom,$sname)=@_;
+   $courseid = $env{'request.course.id'} if (! defined($courseid));
+   $sdom     = $env{'user.domain'}       if (! defined($sdom));
+   $sname    = $env{'user.name'}         if (! defined($sname));
+   my $uhome = &homeserver($sname,$sdom);
+   my $rep;
+
+   if (grep { $_ eq $uhome } current_machine_ids()) {
+       $rep = LONCAPA::Lond::dump_profile_database(join(":", ($sdom, $sname, 
+                   $courseid)));
    } else {
-       $regexp='.';
+       $rep = reply('currentdump:'.$sdom.':'.$sname.':'.$courseid,$uhome);
    }
-   my $rep=reply("dump:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$regexp",$uhome);
-   my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+
+   return if ($rep =~ /^(error:|no_such_host)/);
+   #
    my %returnhash=();
-   foreach (@pairs) {
-      my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$_);
-      $returnhash{unescape($key)}=unescape($value);
+   #
+   if ($rep eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+       # an old lond will not know currentdump
+       # Do a dump and make it look like a currentdump
+       my @tmp = &dumpstore($courseid,$sdom,$sname,'.');
+       return if ($tmp[0] =~ /^(error:|no_such_host)/);
+       my %hash = @tmp;
+       @tmp=();
+       %returnhash = %{&convert_dump_to_currentdump(\%hash)};
+   } else {
+       my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+       foreach my $pair (@pairs) {
+           my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$pair,2);
+           my ($symb,$param) = split(/:/,$key);
+           $returnhash{&unescape($symb)}->{&unescape($param)} = 
+                                                        &thaw_unescape($value);
+       }
    }
    return %returnhash;
 }
 
+sub convert_dump_to_currentdump{
+    my %hash = %{shift()};
+    my %returnhash;
+    # Code ripped from lond, essentially.  The only difference
+    # here is the unescaping done by lonnet::dump().  Conceivably
+    # we might run in to problems with parameter names =~ /^v\./
+    while (my ($key,$value) = each(%hash)) {
+        my ($v,$symb,$param) = split(/:/,$key);
+	$symb  = &unescape($symb);
+	$param = &unescape($param);
+        next if ($v eq 'version' || $symb eq 'keys');
+        next if (exists($returnhash{$symb}) &&
+                 exists($returnhash{$symb}->{$param}) &&
+                 $returnhash{$symb}->{'v.'.$param} > $v);
+        $returnhash{$symb}->{$param}=$value;
+        $returnhash{$symb}->{'v.'.$param}=$v;
+    }
+    #
+    # Remove all of the keys in the hashes which keep track of
+    # the version of the parameter.
+    while (my ($symb,$param_hash) = each(%returnhash)) {
+        # use a foreach because we are going to delete from the hash.
+        foreach my $key (keys(%$param_hash)) {
+            delete($param_hash->{$key}) if ($key =~ /^v\./);
+        }
+    }
+    return \%returnhash;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------ critical inc interface
+
+sub cinc {
+    return &inc(@_,'critical');
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------- inc interface
+
+sub inc {
+    my ($namespace,$store,$udomain,$uname,$critical) = @_;
+    if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+    my $items='';
+    if (! ref($store)) {
+        # got a single value, so use that instead
+        $items = &escape($store).'=&';
+    } elsif (ref($store) eq 'SCALAR') {
+        $items = &escape($$store).'=&';        
+    } elsif (ref($store) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        $items = join('=&',map {&escape($_);} @{$store});
+    } elsif (ref($store) eq 'HASH') {
+        while (my($key,$value) = each(%{$store})) {
+            $items.= &escape($key).'='.&escape($value).'&';
+        }
+    }
+    $items=~s/\&$//;
+    if ($critical) {
+	return &critical("inc:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+    } else {
+	return &reply("inc:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+    }
+}
+
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- put interface
 
 sub put {
    my ($namespace,$storehash,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
-   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-   if (!$uname) { $uname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
    my $items='';
-   foreach (keys %$storehash) {
-       $items.=&escape($_).'='.&escape($$storehash{$_}).'&';
+   foreach my $item (keys(%$storehash)) {
+       $items.=&escape($item).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$item}).'&';
    }
    $items=~s/\&$//;
    return &reply("put:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ newput interface
+
+sub newput {
+   my ($namespace,$storehash,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+   my $items='';
+   foreach my $key (keys(%$storehash)) {
+       $items.=&escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$key}).'&';
+   }
+   $items=~s/\&$//;
+   return &reply("newput:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------  putstore interface
+
+sub putstore {
+   my ($namespace,$symb,$version,$storehash,$udomain,$uname,$tolog)=@_;
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+   my $items='';
+   foreach my $key (keys(%$storehash)) {
+       $items.= &escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($storehash->{$key}).'&';
+   }
+   $items=~s/\&$//;
+   my $esc_symb=&escape($symb);
+   my $esc_v=&escape($version);
+   my $reply =
+       &reply("putstore:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$esc_symb:$esc_v:$items",
+	      $uhome);
+   if (($tolog) && ($reply eq 'ok')) {
+       my $namevalue='';
+       foreach my $key (keys(%{$storehash})) {
+           $namevalue.=&escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($storehash->{$key}).'&';
+       }
+       $namevalue .= 'ip='.&escape($ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'}).
+                     '&host='.&escape($perlvar{'lonHostID'}).
+                     '&version='.$esc_v.
+                     '&by='.&escape($env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'});
+       &Apache::lonnet::courselog($symb.':'.$uname.':'.$udomain.':PUTSTORE:'.$namevalue);
+   }
+   if ($reply eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+       # gfall back to way things use to be done
+       return &old_putstore($namespace,$symb,$version,$storehash,$udomain,
+			    $uname);
+   }
+   return $reply;
+}
+
+sub old_putstore {
+    my ($namespace,$symb,$version,$storehash,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
+    if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+    if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
+    my %newstorehash;
+    foreach my $item (keys(%$storehash)) {
+	my $key = $version.':'.&escape($symb).':'.$item;
+	$newstorehash{$key} = $storehash->{$item};
+    }
+    my $items='';
+    my %allitems = ();
+    foreach my $item (keys(%newstorehash)) {
+	if ($item =~ m/^([^\:]+):([^\:]+):([^\:]+)$/) {
+	    my $key = $1.':keys:'.$2;
+	    $allitems{$key} .= $3.':';
+	}
+	$items.=$item.'='.&freeze_escape($newstorehash{$item}).'&';
+    }
+    foreach my $item (keys(%allitems)) {
+	$allitems{$item} =~ s/\:$//;
+	$items.= $item.'='.$allitems{$item}.'&';
+    }
+    $items=~s/\&$//;
+    return &reply("put:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------ critical put interface
 
 sub cput {
    my ($namespace,$storehash,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
-   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-   if (!$uname) { $uname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
    my $items='';
-   foreach (keys %$storehash) {
-       $items.=escape($_).'='.escape($$storehash{$_}).'&';
+   foreach my $item (keys(%$storehash)) {
+       $items.=&escape($item).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$item}).'&';
    }
    $items=~s/\&$//;
    return &critical("put:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
@@ -1684,84 +6736,908 @@ sub cput {
 sub eget {
    my ($namespace,$storearr,$udomain,$uname)=@_;
    my $items='';
-   foreach (@$storearr) {
-       $items.=escape($_).'&';
+   foreach my $item (@$storearr) {
+       $items.=&escape($item).'&';
    }
    $items=~s/\&$//;
-   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-   if (!$uname) { $uname=$ENV{'user.name'}; }
+   if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+   if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
    my $rep=&reply("eget:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
    my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
    my %returnhash=();
    my $i=0;
-   foreach (@$storearr) {
-      $returnhash{$_}=unescape($pairs[$i]);
+   foreach my $item (@$storearr) {
+      $returnhash{$item}=&thaw_unescape($pairs[$i]);
       $i++;
    }
    return %returnhash;
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------- Check for a user privilege
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ tmpput interface
+sub tmpput {
+    my ($storehash,$server,$context)=@_;
+    my $items='';
+    foreach my $item (keys(%$storehash)) {
+	$items.=&escape($item).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$item}).'&';
+    }
+    $items=~s/\&$//;
+    if (defined($context)) {
+        $items .= ':'.&escape($context);
+    }
+    return &reply("tmpput:$items",$server);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ tmpget interface
+sub tmpget {
+    my ($token,$server)=@_;
+    if (!defined($server)) { $server = $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
+    my $rep=&reply("tmpget:$token",$server);
+    my %returnhash;
+    if ($rep =~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) {
+        return %returnhash;
+    }
+    foreach my $item (split(/\&/,$rep)) {
+	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item);
+	$returnhash{&unescape($key)}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
 
-sub allowed {
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ tmpdel interface
+sub tmpdel {
+    my ($token,$server)=@_;
+    if (!defined($server)) { $server = $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
+    return &reply("tmpdel:$token",$server);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ get_timebased_id 
+
+sub get_timebased_id {
+    my ($prefix,$keyid,$namespace,$cdom,$cnum,$idtype,$who,$locktries,
+        $maxtries) = @_;
+    my ($newid,$error,$dellock);
+    unless (($prefix =~ /^\w+$/) && ($keyid =~ /^\w+$/) && ($namespace ne '')) {  
+        return ('','ok','invalid call to get suffix');
+    }
+
+# set defaults for any optional args for which values were not supplied
+    if ($who eq '') {
+        $who = $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+    }
+    if (!$locktries) {
+        $locktries = 3;
+    }
+    if (!$maxtries) {
+        $maxtries = 10;
+    }
+    
+    if (($cdom eq '') || ($cnum eq '')) {
+        if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
+            $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+            $cnum = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+        }
+        if (($cdom eq '') || ($cnum eq '')) {
+            return ('','ok','call to get suffix not in course context');
+        }
+    }
+
+# construct locking item
+    my $lockhash = {
+                      $prefix."\0".'locked_'.$keyid => $who,
+                   };
+    my $tries = 0;
+
+# attempt to get lock on nohist_$namespace file
+    my $gotlock = &Apache::lonnet::newput('nohist_'.$namespace,$lockhash,$cdom,$cnum);
+    while (($gotlock ne 'ok') && $tries <$locktries) {
+        $tries ++;
+        sleep 1;
+        $gotlock = &Apache::lonnet::newput('nohist_'.$namespace,$lockhash,$cdom,$cnum);
+    }
+
+# attempt to get unique identifier, based on current timestamp
+    if ($gotlock eq 'ok') {
+        my %inuse = &Apache::lonnet::dump('nohist_'.$namespace,$cdom,$cnum,$prefix);
+        my $id = time;
+        $newid = $id;
+        if ($idtype eq 'addcode') {
+            $newid .= &sixnum_code();
+        }
+        my $idtries = 0;
+        while (exists($inuse{$prefix."\0".$newid}) && $idtries < $maxtries) {
+            if ($idtype eq 'concat') {
+                $newid = $id.$idtries;
+            } elsif ($idtype eq 'addcode') {
+                $newid = $newid.&sixnum_code();
+            } else {
+                $newid ++;
+            }
+            $idtries ++;
+        }
+        if (!exists($inuse{$prefix."\0".$newid})) {
+            my %new_item =  (
+                              $prefix."\0".$newid => $who,
+                            );
+            my $putresult = &Apache::lonnet::put('nohist_'.$namespace,\%new_item,
+                                                 $cdom,$cnum);
+            if ($putresult ne 'ok') {
+                undef($newid);
+                $error = 'error saving new item: '.$putresult;
+            }
+        } else {
+             undef($newid);
+             $error = ('error: no unique suffix available for the new item ');
+        }
+#  remove lock
+        my @del_lock = ($prefix."\0".'locked_'.$keyid);
+        $dellock = &Apache::lonnet::del('nohist_'.$namespace,\@del_lock,$cdom,$cnum);
+    } else {
+        $error = "error: could not obtain lockfile\n";
+        $dellock = 'ok';
+        if (($prefix eq 'paste') && ($namespace eq 'courseeditor') && ($keyid eq 'num')) {
+            $dellock = 'nolock';
+        }
+    }
+    return ($newid,$dellock,$error);
+}
+
+sub sixnum_code {
+    my $code;
+    for (0..6) {
+        $code .= int( rand(9) );
+    }
+    return $code;
+}
+
+# -------------------------------------------------- portfolio access checking
+
+sub portfolio_access {
+    my ($requrl,$clientip) = @_;
+    my (undef,$udom,$unum,$file_name,$group) = &parse_portfolio_url($requrl);
+    my $result = &get_portfolio_access($udom,$unum,$file_name,$group,$clientip);
+    if ($result) {
+        my %setters;
+        if ($env{'user.name'} eq 'public' && $env{'user.domain'} eq 'public') {
+            my ($startblock,$endblock) =
+                &Apache::loncommon::blockcheck(\%setters,'port',$unum,$udom);
+            if ($startblock && $endblock) {
+                return 'B';
+            }
+        } else {
+            my ($startblock,$endblock) =
+                &Apache::loncommon::blockcheck(\%setters,'port');
+            if ($startblock && $endblock) {
+                return 'B';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($result eq 'ok') {
+       return 'F';
+    } elsif ($result =~ /^[^:]+:guest_/) {
+       return 'A';
+    }
+    return '';
+}
+
+sub get_portfolio_access {
+    my ($udom,$unum,$file_name,$group,$clientip,$access_hash) = @_;
+
+    if (!ref($access_hash)) {
+	my $current_perms = &get_portfile_permissions($udom,$unum);
+	my %access_controls = &get_access_controls($current_perms,$group,
+						   $file_name);
+	$access_hash = $access_controls{$file_name};
+    }
+
+    my ($public,$guest,@domains,@users,@courses,@groups,@ips);
+    my $now = time;
+    if (ref($access_hash) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $key (keys(%{$access_hash})) {
+            my ($num,$scope,$end,$start) = ($key =~ /^([^:]+):([a-z]+)_(\d*)_?(\d*)$/);
+            if ($start > $now) {
+                next;
+            }
+            if ($end && $end<$now) {
+                next;
+            }
+            if ($scope eq 'public') {
+                $public = $key;
+                last;
+            } elsif ($scope eq 'guest') {
+                $guest = $key;
+            } elsif ($scope eq 'domains') {
+                push(@domains,$key);
+            } elsif ($scope eq 'users') {
+                push(@users,$key);
+            } elsif ($scope eq 'course') {
+                push(@courses,$key);
+            } elsif ($scope eq 'group') {
+                push(@groups,$key);
+            } elsif ($scope eq 'ip') {
+                push(@ips,$key);
+            }
+        }
+        if ($public) {
+            return 'ok';
+        } elsif (@ips > 0) {
+            my $allowed;
+            foreach my $ipkey (@ips) {
+                if (ref($access_hash->{$ipkey}{'ip'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    if (&Apache::loncommon::check_ip_acc(join(',',@{$access_hash->{$ipkey}{'ip'}}),$clientip)) {
+                        $allowed = 1;
+                        last; 
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($allowed) {
+                return 'ok';
+            }
+        }
+        if ($env{'user.name'} eq 'public' && $env{'user.domain'} eq 'public') {
+            if ($guest) {
+                return $guest;
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (@domains > 0) {
+                foreach my $domkey (@domains) {
+                    if (ref($access_hash->{$domkey}{'dom'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                        if (grep(/^\Q$env{'user.domain'}\E$/,@{$access_hash->{$domkey}{'dom'}})) {
+                            return 'ok';
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (@users > 0) {
+                foreach my $userkey (@users) {
+                    if (ref($access_hash->{$userkey}{'users'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                        foreach my $item (@{$access_hash->{$userkey}{'users'}}) {
+                            if (ref($item) eq 'HASH') {
+                                if (($item->{'uname'} eq $env{'user.name'}) &&
+                                    ($item->{'udom'} eq $env{'user.domain'})) {
+                                    return 'ok';
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } 
+                }
+            }
+            my %roleshash;
+            my @courses_and_groups = @courses;
+            push(@courses_and_groups,@groups); 
+            if (@courses_and_groups > 0) {
+                my (%allgroups,%allroles); 
+                my ($start,$end,$role,$sec,$group);
+                foreach my $envkey (%env) {
+                    if ($envkey =~ m-^user\.role\.(gr|cc|co|in|ta|ep|ad|st)\./($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/?([^/]*)$-) {
+                        my $cid = $2.'_'.$3; 
+                        if ($1 eq 'gr') {
+                            $group = $4;
+                            $allgroups{$cid}{$group} = $env{$envkey};
+                        } else {
+                            if ($4 eq '') {
+                                $sec = 'none';
+                            } else {
+                                $sec = $4;
+                            }
+                            $allroles{$cid}{$1}{$sec} = $env{$envkey};
+                        }
+                    } elsif ($envkey =~ m-^user\.role\./cr/($match_domain/$match_username/\w*)./($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/?([^/]*)$-) {
+                        my $cid = $2.'_'.$3;
+                        if ($4 eq '') {
+                            $sec = 'none';
+                        } else {
+                            $sec = $4;
+                        }
+                        $allroles{$cid}{$1}{$sec} = $env{$envkey};
+                    }
+                }
+                if (keys(%allroles) == 0) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                foreach my $key (@courses_and_groups) {
+                    my %content = %{$$access_hash{$key}};
+                    my $cnum = $content{'number'};
+                    my $cdom = $content{'domain'};
+                    my $cid = $cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+                    if (!exists($allroles{$cid})) {
+                        next;
+                    }    
+                    foreach my $role_id (keys(%{$content{'roles'}})) {
+                        my @sections = @{$content{'roles'}{$role_id}{'section'}};
+                        my @groups = @{$content{'roles'}{$role_id}{'group'}};
+                        my @status = @{$content{'roles'}{$role_id}{'access'}};
+                        my @roles = @{$content{'roles'}{$role_id}{'role'}};
+                        foreach my $role (keys(%{$allroles{$cid}})) {
+                            if ((grep/^all$/,@roles) || (grep/^\Q$role\E$/,@roles)) {
+                                foreach my $sec (keys(%{$allroles{$cid}{$role}})) {
+                                    if (&course_group_datechecker($allroles{$cid}{$role}{$sec},$now,\@status) eq 'ok') {
+                                        if (grep/^all$/,@sections) {
+                                            return 'ok';
+                                        } else {
+                                            if (grep/^$sec$/,@sections) {
+                                                return 'ok';
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                if (keys(%{$allgroups{$cid}}) == 0) {
+                                    if (grep/^none$/,@groups) {
+                                        return 'ok';
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    if (grep/^all$/,@groups) {
+                                        return 'ok';
+                                    } 
+                                    foreach my $group (keys(%{$allgroups{$cid}})) {
+                                        if (grep/^$group$/,@groups) {
+                                            return 'ok';
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                } 
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($guest) {
+                return $guest;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub course_group_datechecker {
+    my ($dates,$now,$status) = @_;
+    my ($start,$end) = split(/\./,$dates);
+    if (!$start && !$end) {
+        return 'ok';
+    }
+    if (grep/^active$/,@{$status}) {
+        if (((!$start) || ($start && $start <= $now)) && ((!$end) || ($end && $end >= $now))) {
+            return 'ok';
+        }
+    }
+    if (grep/^previous$/,@{$status}) {
+        if ($end > $now ) {
+            return 'ok';
+        }
+    }
+    if (grep/^future$/,@{$status}) {
+        if ($start > $now) {
+            return 'ok';
+        }
+    }
+    return; 
+}
+
+sub parse_portfolio_url {
+    my ($url) = @_;
+
+    my ($type,$udom,$unum,$group,$file_name);
+    
+    if ($url =~  m-^/*(?:uploaded|editupload)/($match_domain)/($match_username)/portfolio(/.+)$-) {
+	$type = 1;
+        $udom = $1;
+        $unum = $2;
+        $file_name = $3;
+    } elsif ($url =~ m-^/*(?:uploaded|editupload)/($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/groups/([^/]+)/portfolio/(.+)$-) {
+	$type = 2;
+        $udom = $1;
+        $unum = $2;
+        $group = $3;
+        $file_name = $3.'/'.$4;
+    }
+    if (wantarray) {
+	return ($type,$udom,$unum,$file_name,$group);
+    }
+    return $type;
+}
+
+sub is_portfolio_url {
+    my ($url) = @_;
+    return scalar(&parse_portfolio_url($url));
+}
+
+sub is_portfolio_file {
+    my ($file) = @_;
+    if (($file =~ /^portfolio/) || ($file =~ /^groups\/\w+\/portfolio/)) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub usertools_access {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$tool,$action,$context,$userenvref,$domdefref,$is_advref)=@_;
+    my ($access,%tools);
+    if ($context eq '') {
+        $context = 'tools';
+    }
+    if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+        %tools = (
+                      official   => 1,
+                      unofficial => 1,
+                      community  => 1,
+                      textbook   => 1,
+                      placement  => 1,
+                      lti        => 1,
+                 );
+    } elsif ($context eq 'requestauthor') {
+        %tools = (
+                      requestauthor => 1,
+                 );
+    } else {
+        %tools = (
+                      aboutme   => 1,
+                      blog      => 1,
+                      webdav    => 1,
+                      portfolio => 1,
+                 );
+    }
+    return if (!defined($tools{$tool}));
+
+    if (($udom eq '') || ($uname eq '')) {
+        $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+        $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+    }
+
+    if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+        if ($action ne 'reload') {
+            if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+                return $env{'environment.canrequest.'.$tool};
+            } elsif ($context eq 'requestauthor') {
+                return $env{'environment.canrequest.author'};
+            } else {
+                return $env{'environment.availabletools.'.$tool};
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    my ($toolstatus,$inststatus,$envkey);
+    if ($context eq 'requestauthor') {
+        $envkey = $context; 
+    } else {
+        $envkey = $context.'.'.$tool;
+    }
+
+    if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'}) &&
+         ($action ne 'reload')) {
+        $toolstatus = $env{'environment.'.$envkey};
+        $inststatus = $env{'environment.inststatus'};
+    } else {
+        if (ref($userenvref) eq 'HASH') {
+            $toolstatus = $userenvref->{$envkey};
+            $inststatus = $userenvref->{'inststatus'};
+        } else {
+            my %userenv = &userenvironment($udom,$uname,$envkey,'inststatus');
+            $toolstatus = $userenv{$envkey};
+            $inststatus = $userenv{'inststatus'};
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ($toolstatus ne '') {
+        if ($toolstatus) {
+            $access = 1;
+        } else {
+            $access = 0;
+        }
+        return $access;
+    }
+
+    my ($is_adv,%domdef);
+    if (ref($is_advref) eq 'HASH') {
+        $is_adv = $is_advref->{'is_adv'};
+    } else {
+        $is_adv = &is_advanced_user($udom,$uname);
+    }
+    if (ref($domdefref) eq 'HASH') {
+        %domdef = %{$domdefref};
+    } else {
+        %domdef = &get_domain_defaults($udom);
+    }
+    if (ref($domdef{$tool}) eq 'HASH') {
+        if ($is_adv) {
+            if ($domdef{$tool}{'_LC_adv'} ne '') {
+                if ($domdef{$tool}{'_LC_adv'}) { 
+                    $access = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $access = 0;
+                }
+                return $access;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($inststatus ne '') {
+            my ($hasaccess,$hasnoaccess);
+            foreach my $affiliation (split(/:/,$inststatus)) {
+                if ($domdef{$tool}{$affiliation} ne '') { 
+                    if ($domdef{$tool}{$affiliation}) {
+                        $hasaccess = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $hasnoaccess = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($hasaccess || $hasnoaccess) {
+                if ($hasaccess) {
+                    $access = 1;
+                } elsif ($hasnoaccess) {
+                    $access = 0; 
+                }
+                return $access;
+            }
+        } else {
+            if ($domdef{$tool}{'default'} ne '') {
+                if ($domdef{$tool}{'default'}) {
+                    $access = 1;
+                } elsif ($domdef{$tool}{'default'} == 0) {
+                    $access = 0;
+                }
+                return $access;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (($context eq 'tools') && ($tool ne 'webdav')) {
+            $access = 1;
+        } else {
+            $access = 0;
+        }
+        return $access;
+    }
+}
+
+sub is_course_owner {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname) = @_;
+    if (($udom eq '') || ($uname eq '')) {
+        $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+        $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+    }
+    unless (($udom eq '') || ($uname eq '')) {
+        if (exists($env{'course.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum.'.internal.courseowner'})) {
+            if ($env{'course.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum.'.internal.courseowner'} eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                return 1;
+            } else {
+                my %courseinfo = &Apache::lonnet::coursedescription($cdom.'/'.$cnum);
+                if ($courseinfo{'internal.courseowner'} eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                    return 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub is_advanced_user {
+    my ($udom,$uname) = @_;
+    if ($udom ne '' && $uname ne '') {
+        if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+            if (wantarray) {
+                return ($env{'user.adv'},$env{'user.author'});
+            } else {
+                return $env{'user.adv'};
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    my %roleshash = &get_my_roles($uname,$udom,'userroles',undef,undef,undef,1);
+    my %allroles;
+    my ($is_adv,$is_author);
+    foreach my $role (keys(%roleshash)) {
+        my ($trest,$tdomain,$trole,$sec) = split(/:/,$role);
+        my $area = '/'.$tdomain.'/'.$trest;
+        if ($sec ne '') {
+            $area .= '/'.$sec;
+        }
+        if (($area ne '') && ($trole ne '')) {
+            my $spec=$trole.'.'.$area;
+            if ($trole =~ /^cr\//) {
+                &custom_roleprivs(\%allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$trest,$spec,$area);
+            } elsif ($trole ne 'gr') {
+                &standard_roleprivs(\%allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$area);
+            }
+            if ($trole eq 'au') {
+                $is_author = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    foreach my $role (keys(%allroles)) {
+        last if ($is_adv);
+        foreach my $item (split(/:/,$allroles{$role})) {
+            if ($item ne '') {
+                my ($privilege,$restrictions)=split(/&/,$item);
+                if ($privilege eq 'adv') {
+                    $is_adv = 1;
+                    last;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (wantarray) {
+        return ($is_adv,$is_author);
+    }
+    return $is_adv;
+}
+
+sub check_can_request {
+    my ($dom,$can_request,$request_domains,$uname,$udom) = @_;
+    my $canreq = 0;
+    if (($env{'user.name'} ne '') && ($env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
+        $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+        $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+    }
+    my ($types,$typename) = &Apache::loncommon::course_types();
+    my @options = ('approval','validate','autolimit');
+    my $optregex = join('|',@options);
+    if ((ref($can_request) eq 'HASH') && (ref($types) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        foreach my $type (@{$types}) {
+            if (&usertools_access($uname,$udom,$type,undef,
+                                  'requestcourses')) {
+                $canreq ++;
+                if (ref($request_domains) eq 'HASH') {
+                    push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$udom);
+                }
+                if ($dom eq $udom) {
+                    $can_request->{$type} = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if (($env{'user.name'} ne '') && ($env{'user.domain'} ne '') &&
+                ($env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type} ne '')) {
+                my @curr = split(',',$env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type});
+                if (@curr > 0) {
+                    foreach my $item (@curr) {
+                        if (ref($request_domains) eq 'HASH') {
+                            my ($otherdom) = ($item =~ /^($match_domain):($optregex)(=?\d*)$/);
+                            if ($otherdom ne '') {
+                                if (ref($request_domains->{$type}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                    unless (grep(/^\Q$otherdom\E$/,@{$request_domains->{$type}})) {
+                                        push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$otherdom);
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$otherdom);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    unless ($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                        $canreq ++;
+                        if (grep(/^\Q$dom\E:($optregex)(=?\d*)$/,@curr)) {
+                            $can_request->{$type} = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $canreq;
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------- Custom access rule evaluation
+
+sub customaccess {
     my ($priv,$uri)=@_;
+    my ($urole,$urealm)=split(/\./,$env{'request.role'},2);
+    my (undef,$udom,$ucrs,$usec)=split(/\//,$urealm);
+    $udom = &LONCAPA::clean_domain($udom);
+    $ucrs = &LONCAPA::clean_username($ucrs);
+    my $access=0;
+    foreach my $right (split(/\s*\,\s*/,&metadata($uri,'rule_rights'))) {
+	my ($effect,$realm,$role,$type)=split(/\:/,$right);
+	if ($type eq 'user') {
+	    foreach my $scope (split(/\s*\,\s*/,$realm)) {
+		my ($tdom,$tuname)=split(m{/},$scope);
+		if ($tdom) {
+		    if ($tdom ne $env{'user.domain'}) { next; }
+		}
+		if ($tuname) {
+		    if ($tuname ne $env{'user.name'}) { next; }
+		}
+		$access=($effect eq 'allow');
+		last;
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    if ($role) {
+		if ($role ne $urole) { next; }
+	    }
+	    foreach my $scope (split(/\s*\,\s*/,$realm)) {
+		my ($tdom,$tcrs,$tsec)=split(/\_/,$scope);
+		if ($tdom) {
+		    if ($tdom ne $udom) { next; }
+		}
+		if ($tcrs) {
+		    if ($tcrs ne $ucrs) { next; }
+		}
+		if ($tsec) {
+		    if ($tsec ne $usec) { next; }
+		}
+		$access=($effect eq 'allow');
+		last;
+	    }
+	    if ($realm eq '' && $role eq '') {
+		$access=($effect eq 'allow');
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    return $access;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------- Check for a user privilege
 
+sub allowed {
+    my ($priv,$uri,$symb,$role,$clientip,$noblockcheck)=@_;
+    my $ver_orguri=$uri;
+    $uri=&deversion($uri);
     my $orguri=$uri;
     $uri=&declutter($uri);
 
-# Free bre access to adm and meta resources
+    if ($priv eq 'evb') {
+# Evade communication block restrictions for specified role in a course
+        if ($env{'user.priv.'.$role} =~/evb\&([^\:]*)/) {
+            return $1;
+        } else {
+            return;
+        }
+    }
 
-    if ((($uri=~/^adm\//) || ($uri=~/\.meta$/)) && ($priv eq 'bre')) {
+    if (defined($env{'allowed.'.$priv})) { return $env{'allowed.'.$priv}; }
+# Free bre access to adm and meta resources
+    if (((($uri=~/^adm\//) && ($uri !~ m{/(?:smppg|bulletinboard|ext\.tool)$})) 
+	 || (($uri=~/\.meta$/) && ($uri!~m|^uploaded/|) )) 
+	&& ($priv eq 'bre')) {
 	return 'F';
     }
 
+# Free bre access to user's own portfolio contents
+    my ($space,$domain,$name,@dir)=split('/',$uri);
+    if (($space=~/^(uploaded|editupload)$/) && ($env{'user.name'} eq $name) && 
+	($env{'user.domain'} eq $domain) && ('portfolio' eq $dir[0])) {
+        my %setters;
+        my ($startblock,$endblock) = 
+            &Apache::loncommon::blockcheck(\%setters,'port');
+        if ($startblock && $endblock) {
+            return 'B';
+        } else {
+            return 'F';
+        }
+    }
+
+# bre access to group portfolio for rgf priv in group, or mdg or vcg in course.
+    if (($space=~/^(uploaded|editupload)$/) && ($dir[0] eq 'groups') 
+         && ($dir[2] eq 'portfolio') && ($priv eq 'bre')) {
+        if (exists($env{'request.course.id'})) {
+            my $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+            my $cnum = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+            if (($domain eq $cdom) && ($name eq $cnum)) {
+                my $courseprivid=$env{'request.course.id'};
+                $courseprivid=~s/\_/\//;
+                if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.$courseprivid
+                    .'/'.$dir[1]} =~/rgf\&([^\:]*)/) {
+                    return $1; 
+                } else {
+                    if ($env{'request.course.sec'}) {
+                        $courseprivid.='/'.$env{'request.course.sec'};
+                    }
+                    if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.
+                        $courseprivid} =~/(mdg|vcg)\&([^\:]*)/) {
+                        return $2;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
 # Free bre to public access
 
     if ($priv eq 'bre') {
-        my $copyright=&metadata($uri,'copyright');
-	if ($copyright eq 'public') { return 'F'; }
+        my $copyright;
+        unless ($uri =~ /ext\.tool/) {
+            $copyright=&metadata($uri,'copyright');
+        }
+	if (($copyright eq 'public') && (!$env{'request.course.id'})) { 
+           return 'F'; 
+        }
         if ($copyright eq 'priv') {
             $uri=~/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)\//;
-	    unless (($ENV{'user.name'} eq $2) && ($ENV{'user.domain'} eq $1)) {
+	    unless (($env{'user.name'} eq $2) && ($env{'user.domain'} eq $1)) {
 		return '';
             }
         }
         if ($copyright eq 'domain') {
             $uri=~/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)\//;
-	    unless (($ENV{'user.domain'} eq $1) ||
-                 ($ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} eq $1)) {
+	    unless (($env{'user.domain'} eq $1) ||
+                 ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} eq $1)) {
 		return '';
             }
         }
-        if ($ENV{'request.role'}=~ /li\.\//) {
+        if ($env{'request.role'}=~ /li\.\//) {
             # Library role, so allow browsing of resources in this domain.
             return 'F';
         }
+        if ($copyright eq 'custom') {
+	    unless (&customaccess($priv,$uri)) { return ''; }
+        }
     }
     # Domain coordinator is trying to create a course
-    if (($priv eq 'ccc') && ($ENV{'request.role'} =~ /^dc\./)) {
+    if (($priv eq 'ccc') && ($env{'request.role'} =~ /^dc\./)) {
         # uri is the requested domain in this case.
         # comparison to 'request.role.domain' shows if the user has selected
-        # a role of dc for the domain in question. 
-        return 'F' if ($uri eq $ENV{'request.role.domain'});
+        # a role of dc for the domain in question.
+        return 'F' if ($uri eq $env{'request.role.domain'});
     }
 
     my $thisallowed='';
     my $statecond=0;
     my $courseprivid='';
 
+    my $ownaccess;
+    # Community Coordinator or Assistant Co-author browsing resource space.
+    if (($priv eq 'bro') && ($env{'user.author'})) {
+        if ($uri eq '') {
+            $ownaccess = 1;
+        } else {
+            if (($env{'user.domain'} ne '') && ($env{'user.name'} ne '')) {
+                my $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+                my $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+                if ($uri =~ m{^\Q$udom\E/?$}) {
+                    $ownaccess = 1;
+                } elsif ($uri =~ m{^\Q$udom\E/\Q$uname\E/?}) {
+                    unless ($uri =~ m{\.\./}) {
+                        $ownaccess = 1;
+                    }
+                } elsif (($udom ne 'public') && ($uname ne 'public')) {
+                    my $now = time;
+                    if ($uri =~ m{^([^/]+)/?$}) {
+                        my $adom = $1;
+                        foreach my $key (keys(%env)) {
+                            if ($key =~ m{^user\.role\.(ca|aa)/\Q$adom\E}) {
+                                my ($start,$end) = split('.',$env{$key});
+                                if (($now >= $start) && (!$end || $end < $now)) {
+                                    $ownaccess = 1;
+                                    last;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } elsif ($uri =~ m{^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/?}) {
+                        my $adom = $1;
+                        my $aname = $2;
+                        foreach my $role ('ca','aa') { 
+                            if ($env{"user.role.$role./$adom/$aname"}) {
+                                my ($start,$end) =
+                                    split('.',$env{"user.role.$role./$adom/$aname"});
+                                if (($now >= $start) && (!$end || $end < $now)) {
+                                    $ownaccess = 1;
+                                    last;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
 # Course
 
-    if ($ENV{'user.priv.'.$ENV{'request.role'}.'./'}=~/$priv\&([^\:]*)/) {
-       $thisallowed.=$1;
+    if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'}=~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
+        unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
+            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        }
     }
 
 # Domain
 
-    if ($ENV{'user.priv.'.$ENV{'request.role'}.'./'.(split(/\//,$uri))[0].'/'}
-       =~/$priv\&([^\:]*)/) {
-       $thisallowed.=$1;
+    if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.(split(/\//,$uri))[0].'/'}
+       =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
+        unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
+            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        }
+    }
+
+# User who is not author or co-author might still be able to edit
+# resource of an author in the domain (e.g., if Domain Coordinator).
+    if (($priv eq 'eco') && ($thisallowed eq '') && ($env{'request.course.id'}) &&
+        (&allowed('mdc',$env{'request.course.id'}))) {
+        if ($env{"user.priv.cm./$uri/"}=~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
+            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        }
     }
 
 # Course: uri itself is a course
@@ -1769,20 +7645,82 @@ sub allowed {
     $courseuri=~s/\_(\d)/\/$1/;
     $courseuri=~s/^([^\/])/\/$1/;
 
-    if ($ENV{'user.priv.'.$ENV{'request.role'}.'.'.$courseuri}
-       =~/$priv\&([^\:]*)/) {
-       $thisallowed.=$1;
+    if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'.'.$courseuri}
+       =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
+        unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
+            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        }
     }
 
-# Full access at system, domain or course-wide level? Exit.
+# URI is an uploaded document for this course, default permissions don't matter
+# not allowing 'edit' access (editupload) to uploaded course docs
+    if (($priv eq 'bre') && ($uri=~m|^uploaded/|)) {
+	$thisallowed='';
+        my ($match)=&is_on_map($uri);
+        if ($match) {
+            if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'}
+                  =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
+                my $value = $1;
+                if ($noblockcheck) {
+                    $thisallowed.=$value;
+                } else {
+                    my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$uri);
+                    if (@blockers > 0) {
+                        $thisallowed = 'B';
+                    } else {
+                        $thisallowed.=$value;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            my $refuri = $env{'httpref.'.$orguri} || $env{'httpref.'.$ver_orguri};
+            if ($refuri) {
+                if ($refuri =~ m|^/adm/|) {
+                    $thisallowed='F';
+                } else {
+                    $refuri=&declutter($refuri);
+                    my ($match) = &is_on_map($refuri);
+                    if ($match) {
+                        if ($noblockcheck) {
+                            $thisallowed='F';
+                        } else {
+                            my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$refuri);
+                            if (@blockers > 0) {
+                                $thisallowed = 'B';
+                            } else {
+                                $thisallowed='F';
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ($priv eq 'bre'
+	&& $thisallowed ne 'F' 
+	&& $thisallowed ne '2'
+	&& &is_portfolio_url($uri)) {
+	$thisallowed = &portfolio_access($uri,$clientip);
+    }
 
+# Full access at system, domain or course-wide level? Exit.
     if ($thisallowed=~/F/) {
 	return 'F';
     }
 
 # If this is generating or modifying users, exit with special codes
 
-    if (':csu:cdc:ccc:cin:cta:cep:ccr:cst:cad:cli:cau:cdg:cca:'=~/\:$priv\:/) {
+    if (':csu:cdc:ccc:cin:cta:cep:ccr:cst:cad:cli:cau:cdg:cca:caa:'=~/\:\Q$priv\E\:/) {
+	if (($priv eq 'cca') || ($priv eq 'caa')) {
+	    my ($audom,$auname)=split('/',$uri);
+# no author name given, so this just checks on the general right to make a co-author in this domain
+	    unless ($auname) { return $thisallowed; }
+# an author name is given, so we are about to actually make a co-author for a certain account
+	    if (($auname ne $env{'user.name'} && $env{'request.role'} !~ /^dc\./) ||
+		(($audom ne $env{'user.domain'} && $env{'request.role'} !~ /^dc\./) &&
+		 ($audom ne $env{'request.role.domain'}))) { return ''; }
+	}
 	return $thisallowed;
     }
 #
@@ -1791,35 +7729,49 @@ sub allowed {
 # Course: See if uri or referer is an individual resource that is part of 
 # the course
 
-    if ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
 
-       $courseprivid=$ENV{'request.course.id'};
-       if ($ENV{'request.course.sec'}) {
-          $courseprivid.='/'.$ENV{'request.course.sec'};
+       $courseprivid=$env{'request.course.id'};
+       if ($env{'request.course.sec'}) {
+          $courseprivid.='/'.$env{'request.course.sec'};
        }
        $courseprivid=~s/\_/\//;
        my $checkreferer=1;
        my ($match,$cond)=&is_on_map($uri);
        if ($match) {
            $statecond=$cond;
-           if ($ENV{'user.priv.'.$ENV{'request.role'}.'./'.$courseprivid}
-               =~/$priv\&([^\:]*)/) {
-               $thisallowed.=$1;
+           if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.$courseprivid}
+               =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
+               my $value = $1;
+               if ($priv eq 'bre') {
+                   if ($noblockcheck) {
+                       $thisallowed.=$value;
+                   } else {
+                       my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$uri);
+                       if (@blockers > 0) {
+                           $thisallowed = 'B';
+                       } else {
+                           $thisallowed.=$value;
+                       }
+                   }
+               } else {
+                   $thisallowed.=$value;
+               }
                $checkreferer=0;
            }
        }
        
        if ($checkreferer) {
-	  my $refuri=$ENV{'httpref.'.$orguri};
+	  my $refuri=$env{'httpref.'.$orguri};
             unless ($refuri) {
-                foreach (keys %ENV) {
-		    if ($_=~/^httpref\..*\*/) {
-			my $pattern=$_;
+                foreach my $key (keys(%env)) {
+		    if ($key=~/^httpref\..*\*/) {
+			my $pattern=$key;
                         $pattern=~s/^httpref\.\/res\///;
                         $pattern=~s/\*/\[\^\/\]\+/g;
                         $pattern=~s/\//\\\//g;
                         if ($orguri=~/$pattern/) {
-			    $refuri=$ENV{$_};
+			    $refuri=$env{$key};
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1830,9 +7782,23 @@ sub allowed {
           my ($match,$cond)=&is_on_map($refuri);
             if ($match) {
               my $refstatecond=$cond;
-              if ($ENV{'user.priv.'.$ENV{'request.role'}.'./'.$courseprivid}
-                  =~/$priv\&([^\:]*)/) {
-                  $thisallowed.=$1;
+              if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.$courseprivid}
+                  =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
+                  my $value = $1;
+                  if ($priv eq 'bre') {
+                      if ($noblockcheck) {
+                          $thisallowed.=$value;
+                      } else {
+                          my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking($priv,$symb,$refuri);
+                          if (@blockers > 0) {
+                              $thisallowed = 'B';
+                          } else {
+                              $thisallowed.=$value;
+                          }
+                      }
+                  } else {
+                      $thisallowed.=$value;
+                  }
                   $uri=$refuri;
                   $statecond=$refstatecond;
               }
@@ -1870,39 +7836,39 @@ sub allowed {
 
     my $envkey;
     if ($thisallowed=~/L/) {
-        foreach $envkey (keys %ENV) {
+        foreach $envkey (keys(%env)) {
            if ($envkey=~/^user\.role\.(st|ta)\.([^\.]*)/) {
                my $courseid=$2;
                my $roleid=$1.'.'.$2;
                $courseid=~s/^\///;
                my $expiretime=600;
-               if ($ENV{'request.role'} eq $roleid) {
+               if ($env{'request.role'} eq $roleid) {
 		  $expiretime=120;
                }
 	       my ($cdom,$cnum,$csec)=split(/\//,$courseid);
                my $prefix='course.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum.'.';
-               if ((time-$ENV{$prefix.'last_cache'})>$expiretime) {
-		   &coursedescription($courseid);
+               if ((time-$env{$prefix.'last_cache'})>$expiretime) {
+		   &coursedescription($courseid,{'freshen_cache' => 1});
                }
-               if (($ENV{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.sections'}=~/\,$csec\,/)
-                || ($ENV{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.sections'} eq 'all')) {
-		   if ($ENV{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.expire'}>time) {
-                       &log($ENV{'user.domain'},$ENV{'user.name'},
-                            $ENV{'user.home'},
+               if (($env{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.sections'}=~/\,\Q$csec\E\,/)
+                || ($env{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.sections'} eq 'all')) {
+		   if ($env{$prefix.'res.'.$uri.'.lock.expire'}>time) {
+                       &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},
+                            $env{'user.home'},
                             'Locked by res: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' due to '.
                             $cdom.'/'.$cnum.'/'.$csec.' expire '.
-                            $ENV{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'});
+                            $env{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'});
 		       return '';
                    }
                }
-               if (($ENV{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.sections'}=~/\,$csec\,/)
-                || ($ENV{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.sections'} eq 'all')) {
-		   if ($ENV{'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'}>time) {
-                       &log($ENV{'user.domain'},$ENV{'user.name'},
-                            $ENV{'user.home'},
+               if (($env{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.sections'}=~/\,\Q$csec\E\,/)
+                || ($env{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.sections'} eq 'all')) {
+		   if ($env{'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'}>time) {
+                       &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},
+                            $env{'user.home'},
                             'Locked by priv: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' due to '.
                             $cdom.'/'.$cnum.'/'.$csec.' expire '.
-                            $ENV{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'});
+                            $env{$prefix.'priv.'.$priv.'.lock.expire'});
 		       return '';
                    }
                }
@@ -1914,8 +7880,14 @@ sub allowed {
 # Rest of the restrictions depend on selected course
 #
 
-    unless ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
-       return '1';
+    unless ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
+	if ($thisallowed eq 'A') {
+	    return 'A';
+        } elsif ($thisallowed eq 'B') {
+            return 'B';
+	} else {
+	    return '1';
+	}
     }
 
 #
@@ -1926,21 +7898,25 @@ sub allowed {
 # Course preferences
 
    if ($thisallowed=~/C/) {
-       my $rolecode=(split(/\./,$ENV{'request.role'}))[0];
-       my $unamedom=$ENV{'user.name'}.':'.$ENV{'user.domain'};
-       if ($ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.roles.denied'}
-	   =~/$rolecode/) {
-           &log($ENV{'user.domain'},$ENV{'user.name'},$ENV{'user.host'},
-                'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode.' in '.
-                $ENV{'request.course.id'});
+       my $rolecode=(split(/\./,$env{'request.role'}))[0];
+       my $unamedom=$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
+       if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.roles.denied'}
+	   =~/\Q$rolecode\E/) {
+	   if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc') && ($priv ne 'pac')) {
+	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.':'.
+			'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode.' in '.
+			$env{'request.course.id'});
+	   }
            return '';
        }
 
-       if ($ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.users.denied'}
-	   =~/$unamedom/) {
-           &log($ENV{'user.domain'},$ENV{'user.name'},$ENV{'user.host'},
-                'Denied by user: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$unamedom.' in '.
-                $ENV{'request.course.id'});
+       if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.users.denied'}
+	   =~/\Q$unamedom\E/) {
+	   if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc') && ($priv ne 'pac')) {
+	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.
+			'Denied by user: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$unamedom.' in '.
+			$env{'request.course.id'});
+	   }
            return '';
        }
    }
@@ -1948,30 +7924,22 @@ sub allowed {
 # Resource preferences
 
    if ($thisallowed=~/R/) {
-       my $rolecode=(split(/\./,$ENV{'request.role'}))[0];
-       my $filename=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.$uri.'.meta';
-       if (-e $filename) {
-           my @content;
-           {
-	     my $fh=Apache::File->new($filename);
-             @content=<$fh>;
+       my $rolecode=(split(/\./,$env{'request.role'}))[0];
+       if (&metadata($uri,'roledeny')=~/\Q$rolecode\E/) {
+	   if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc')) { 
+	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.':'.
+			'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode);
 	   }
-           if (join('',@content)=~
-                    /\<roledeny[^\>]*\>[^\<]*$rolecode[^\<]*\<\/roledeny\>/) {
-	       &log($ENV{'user.domain'},$ENV{'user.name'},$ENV{'user.host'},
-                    'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode);
-           return '';
-
-           }
+	   return '';
        }
    }
 
 # Restricted by state or randomout?
 
    if ($thisallowed=~/X/) {
-      if ($ENV{'acc.randomout'}) {
-         my $symb=&symbread($uri,1);
-         if (($symb) && ($ENV{'acc.randomout'}=~/\&$symb\&/)) { 
+      if ($env{'acc.randomout'}) {
+	 if (!$symb) { $symb=&symbread($uri,1); }
+         if (($symb) && ($env{'acc.randomout'}=~/\&\Q$symb\E\&/)) { 
             return ''; 
          }
       }
@@ -1982,19 +7950,339 @@ sub allowed {
       }
    }
 
+    if ($thisallowed eq 'A') {
+	return 'A';
+    } elsif ($thisallowed eq 'B') {
+        return 'B';
+    }
    return 'F';
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------- Check construction space access
+
+sub constructaccess {
+    my ($url,$setpriv)=@_;
+
+# We do not allow editing of previous versions of files
+    if ($url=~/\.(\d+)\.(\w+)$/) { return ''; }
+
+# Get username and domain from URL
+    my ($ownername,$ownerdomain,$ownerhome);
+
+    ($ownerdomain,$ownername) =
+        ($url=~ m{^(?:\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E|)(?:/daxepage|/daxeopen)?/priv/($match_domain)/($match_username)(?:/|$)});
+
+# The URL does not really point to any authorspace, forget it
+    unless (($ownername) && ($ownerdomain)) { return ''; }
+
+# Now we need to see if the user has access to the authorspace of
+# $ownername at $ownerdomain
+
+    if (($ownername eq $env{'user.name'}) && ($ownerdomain eq $env{'user.domain'})) {
+# Real author for this?
+       $ownerhome = $env{'user.home'};
+       if (exists($env{'user.priv.au./'.$ownerdomain.'/./'})) {
+          return ($ownername,$ownerdomain,$ownerhome);
+       }
+    } else {
+# Co-author for this?
+        if (exists($env{'user.priv.ca./'.$ownerdomain.'/'.$ownername.'./'}) ||
+            exists($env{'user.priv.aa./'.$ownerdomain.'/'.$ownername.'./'}) ) {
+            $ownerhome = &homeserver($ownername,$ownerdomain);
+            return ($ownername,$ownerdomain,$ownerhome);
+        }
+        if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
+            if (($ownername eq $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'}) &&
+                ($ownerdomain eq $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'})) {
+                if (&allowed('mdc',$env{'request.course.id'})) {
+                    $ownerhome = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
+                    return ($ownername,$ownerdomain,$ownerhome);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+# We don't have any access right now. If we are not possibly going to do anything about this,
+# we might as well leave
+   unless ($setpriv) { return ''; }
+
+# Backdoor access?
+    my $allowed=&allowed('eco',$ownerdomain);
+# Nope
+    unless ($allowed) { return ''; }
+# Looks like we may have access, but could be locked by the owner of the construction space
+    if ($allowed eq 'U') {
+        my %blocked=&get('environment',['domcoord.author'],
+                         $ownerdomain,$ownername);
+# Is blocked by owner
+        if ($blocked{'domcoord.author'} eq 'blocked') { return ''; }
+    }
+    if (($allowed eq 'F') || ($allowed eq 'U')) {
+# Grant temporary access
+        my $then=$env{'user.login.time'};
+        my $update=$env{'user.update.time'};
+        if (!$update) { $update = $then; }
+        my $refresh=$env{'user.refresh.time'};
+        if (!$refresh) { $refresh = $update; }
+        my $now = time;
+        &check_adhoc_privs($ownerdomain,$ownername,$update,$refresh,
+                           $now,'ca','constructaccess');
+        $ownerhome = &homeserver($ownername,$ownerdomain);
+        return($ownername,$ownerdomain,$ownerhome);
+    }
+# No business here
+    return '';
+}
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------- Content Blocking
+
+{
+# Caches for faster Course Contents display where content blocking
+# is in operation (i.e., interval param set) for timed quiz.
+#
+# User for whom data are being temporarily cached.
+my $cacheduser='';
+# Cached blockers for this user (a hash of blocking items). 
+my %cachedblockers=();
+# When the data were last cached.
+my $cachedlast='';
+
+sub load_all_blockers {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$blocks)=@_;
+    if (($uname ne '') && ($udom ne '')) { 
+        if (($cacheduser eq $uname.':'.$udom) &&
+            (abs($cachedlast-time)<5)) {
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    $cachedlast=time;
+    $cacheduser=$uname.':'.$udom;
+    %cachedblockers = &get_commblock_resources($blocks);
+}
+
+sub get_comm_blocks {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum) = @_;
+    if ($cdom eq '' || $cnum eq '') {
+        return unless ($env{'request.course.id'});
+        $cnum = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+        $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+    }
+    my %commblocks;
+    my $hashid=$cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+    my ($blocksref,$cached)=&is_cached_new('comm_block',$hashid);
+    if ((defined($cached)) && (ref($blocksref) eq 'HASH')) {
+        %commblocks = %{$blocksref};
+    } else {
+        %commblocks = &Apache::lonnet::dump('comm_block',$cdom,$cnum);
+        my $cachetime = 600;
+        &do_cache_new('comm_block',$hashid,\%commblocks,$cachetime);
+    }
+    return %commblocks;
+}
+
+sub get_commblock_resources {
+    my ($blocks) = @_;
+    my %blockers = ();
+    return %blockers unless ($env{'request.course.id'});
+    return %blockers if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}} =~/evb\&([^\:]*)/);
+    my %commblocks;
+    if (ref($blocks) eq 'HASH') {
+        %commblocks = %{$blocks};
+    } else {
+        %commblocks = &get_comm_blocks();
+    }
+    return %blockers unless (keys(%commblocks) > 0); 
+    my $navmap = Apache::lonnavmaps::navmap->new();
+    return %blockers unless (ref($navmap));
+    my $now = time;
+    foreach my $block (keys(%commblocks)) {
+        if ($block =~ /^(\d+)____(\d+)$/) {
+            my ($start,$end) = ($1,$2);
+            if ($start <= $now && $end >= $now) {
+                if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                        if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                            if (keys(%{$commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}})) {
+                                $blockers{$block}{maps} = $commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}; 
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                            if (keys(%{$commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'}})) {
+                                $blockers{$block}{'resources'} = $commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'};
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } elsif ($block =~ /^firstaccess____(.+)$/) {
+            my $item = $1;
+            my @to_test;
+            if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    my @interval;
+                    my $type = 'map';
+                    if ($item eq 'course') {
+                        $type = 'course';
+                        @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval");
+                    } else {
+                        if ($item =~ /___\d+___/) {
+                            $type = 'resource';
+                            @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval",$item);
+                            if (ref($navmap)) {                        
+                                my $res = $navmap->getBySymb($item); 
+                                push(@to_test,$res);
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            my $mapsymb = &symbread($item,1);
+                            if ($mapsymb) {
+                                if (ref($navmap)) {
+                                    my $mapres = $navmap->getBySymb($mapsymb);
+                                    @to_test = $mapres->retrieveResources($mapres,undef,0,0,0,1);
+                                    foreach my $res (@to_test) {
+                                        my $symb = $res->symb();
+                                        next if ($symb eq $mapsymb);
+                                        if ($symb ne '') {
+                                            @interval=&EXT("resource.0.interval",$symb);
+                                            if ($interval[1] eq 'map') {
+                                                last;
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if ($interval[0] =~ /^(\d+)/) {
+                        my $timelimit = $1; 
+                        my $first_access;
+                        if ($type eq 'resource') {
+                            $first_access=&get_first_access($interval[1],$item);
+                        } elsif ($type eq 'map') {
+                            $first_access=&get_first_access($interval[1],undef,$item);
+                        } else {
+                            $first_access=&get_first_access($interval[1]);
+                        }
+                        if ($first_access) {
+                            my $timesup = $first_access+$timelimit;
+                            if ($timesup > $now) {
+                                my $activeblock;
+                                foreach my $res (@to_test) {
+                                    if ($res->answerable()) {
+                                        $activeblock = 1;
+                                        last;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                if ($activeblock) {
+                                    if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                                         if (keys(%{$commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'}})) {
+                                             $blockers{$block}{'maps'} = $commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'maps'};
+                                         }
+                                    }
+                                    if (ref($commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                                        if (keys(%{$commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'}})) {
+                                            $blockers{$block}{'resources'} = $commblocks{$block}{'blocks'}{'docs'}{'resources'};
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %blockers;
+}
+
+sub has_comm_blocking {
+    my ($priv,$symb,$uri,$blocks) = @_;
+    my @blockers;
+    return unless ($env{'request.course.id'});
+    return unless ($priv eq 'bre');
+    return if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}} =~/evb\&([^\:]*)/);
+    return if ($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct');
+    &load_all_blockers($env{'user.name'},$env{'user.domain'},$blocks);
+    return unless (keys(%cachedblockers) > 0);
+    my (%possibles,@symbs);
+    if (!$symb) {
+        $symb = &symbread($uri,1,1,1,\%possibles);
+    }
+    if ($symb) {
+        @symbs = ($symb);
+    } elsif (keys(%possibles)) { 
+        @symbs = keys(%possibles);
+    }
+    my $noblock;
+    foreach my $symb (@symbs) {
+        last if ($noblock);
+        my ($map,$resid,$resurl)=&decode_symb($symb);
+        foreach my $block (keys(%cachedblockers)) {
+            if ($block =~ /^firstaccess____(.+)$/) {
+                my $item = $1;
+                if (($item eq $map) || ($item eq $symb)) {
+                    $noblock = 1;
+                    last;
+                }
+            }
+            if (ref($cachedblockers{$block}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if (ref($cachedblockers{$block}{'resources'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    if ($cachedblockers{$block}{'resources'}{$symb}) {
+                        unless (grep(/^\Q$block\E$/,@blockers)) {
+                            push(@blockers,$block);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (ref($cachedblockers{$block}{'maps'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if ($cachedblockers{$block}{'maps'}{$map}) {
+                    unless (grep(/^\Q$block\E$/,@blockers)) {
+                        push(@blockers,$block);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return if ($noblock);
+    return @blockers;
+}
+}
+
+# -------------------------------- Deversion and split uri into path an filename   
+
+#
+#   Removes the version from a URI and
+#   splits it in to its filename and path to the filename.
+#   Seems like File::Basename could have done this more clearly.
+#   Parameters:
+#      $uri   - input URI
+#   Returns:
+#     Two element list consisting of 
+#     $pathname  - the URI up to and excluding the trailing /
+#     $filename  - The part of the URI following the last /
+#  NOTE:
+#    Another realization of this is simply:
+#    use File::Basename;
+#    ...
+#    $uri = shift;
+#    $filename = basename($uri);
+#    $path     = dirname($uri);
+#    return ($filename, $path);
+#
+#     The implementation below is probably faster however.
+#
+sub split_uri_for_cond {
+    my $uri=&deversion(&declutter(shift));
+    my @uriparts=split(/\//,$uri);
+    my $filename=pop(@uriparts);
+    my $pathname=join('/',@uriparts);
+    return ($pathname,$filename);
+}
 # --------------------------------------------------- Is a resource on the map?
 
 sub is_on_map {
-    my $uri=&declutter(shift);
-    my @uriparts=split(/\//,$uri);
-    my $filename=$uriparts[$#uriparts];
-    my $pathname=$uri;
-    $pathname=~s|/\Q$filename\E$||;
+    my ($pathname,$filename) = &split_uri_for_cond(shift);
     #Trying to find the conditional for the file
-    my $match=($ENV{'acc.res.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$pathname}=~
+    my $match=($env{'acc.res.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$pathname}=~
 	       /\&\Q$filename\E\:([\d\|]+)\&/);
     if ($match) {
 	return (1,$1);
@@ -2003,43 +8291,74 @@ sub is_on_map {
     }
 }
 
+# --------------------------------------------------------- Get symb from alias
+
+sub get_symb_from_alias {
+    my $symb=shift;
+    my ($map,$resid,$url)=&decode_symb($symb);
+# Already is a symb
+    if ($url) { return $symb; }
+# Must be an alias
+    my $aliassymb='';
+    my %bighash;
+    if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+                            &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+        my $rid=$bighash{'mapalias_'.$symb};
+	if ($rid) {
+	    my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$rid);
+	    $aliassymb=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
+				    $resid,$bighash{'src_'.$rid});
+	}
+        untie %bighash;
+    }
+    return $aliassymb;
+}
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Define Role
 
 sub definerole {
   if (allowed('mcr','/')) {
-    my ($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole)=@_;
-    foreach (split('/',$sysrole)) {
-	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$_);
-        if ($pr{'cr:s'}!~/$crole/) { return "refused:s:$crole"; }
-        if ($pr{'cr:s'}=~/$crole\&/) {
-	    if ($pr{'cr:s'}!~/$crole\&\w*$cqual/) { 
+    my ($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole,$uname,$udom)=@_;
+    foreach my $role (split(':',$sysrole)) {
+	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$role);
+        if ($pr{'cr:s'}!~/\Q$crole\E/) { return "refused:s:$crole"; }
+        if ($pr{'cr:s'}=~/\Q$crole\E\&/) {
+	    if ($pr{'cr:s'}!~/\Q$crole\E\&\w*\Q$cqual\E/) { 
                return "refused:s:$crole&$cqual"; 
             }
         }
     }
-    foreach (split('/',$domrole)) {
-	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$_);
-        if ($pr{'cr:d'}!~/$crole/) { return "refused:d:$crole"; }
-        if ($pr{'cr:d'}=~/$crole\&/) {
-	    if ($pr{'cr:d'}!~/$crole\&\w*$cqual/) { 
+    foreach my $role (split(':',$domrole)) {
+	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$role);
+        if ($pr{'cr:d'}!~/\Q$crole\E/) { return "refused:d:$crole"; }
+        if ($pr{'cr:d'}=~/\Q$crole\E\&/) {
+	    if ($pr{'cr:d'}!~/\Q$crole\W\&\w*\Q$cqual\E/) { 
                return "refused:d:$crole&$cqual"; 
             }
         }
     }
-    foreach (split('/',$courole)) {
-	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$_);
-        if ($pr{'cr:c'}!~/$crole/) { return "refused:c:$crole"; }
-        if ($pr{'cr:c'}=~/$crole\&/) {
-	    if ($pr{'cr:c'}!~/$crole\&\w*$cqual/) { 
+    foreach my $role (split(':',$courole)) {
+	my ($crole,$cqual)=split(/\&/,$role);
+        if ($pr{'cr:c'}!~/\Q$crole\E/) { return "refused:c:$crole"; }
+        if ($pr{'cr:c'}=~/\Q$crole\E\&/) {
+	    if ($pr{'cr:c'}!~/\Q$crole\E\&\w*\Q$cqual\E/) { 
                return "refused:c:$crole&$cqual"; 
             }
         }
     }
-    my $command="encrypt:rolesput:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:".
-                "$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:".
-	        "rolesdef_$rolename=".
+    my $uhome;
+    if (($uname ne '') && ($udom ne '')) {
+        $uhome = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        return $uhome if ($uhome eq 'no_host');
+    } else {
+        $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+        $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+        $uhome = $env{'user.home'};
+    }
+    my $command="encrypt:rolesput:$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
+                "$udom:$uname:rolesdef_$rolename=".
                 escape($sysrole.'_'.$domrole.'_'.$courole);
-    return reply($command,$ENV{'user.home'});
+    return reply($command,$uhome);
   } else {
     return 'refused';
   }
@@ -2048,18 +8367,23 @@ sub definerole {
 # ---------------- Make a metadata query against the network of library servers
 
 sub metadata_query {
-    my ($query,$custom,$customshow,$server_array)=@_;
+    my ($query,$custom,$customshow,$server_array,$domains_hash)=@_;
     my %rhash;
+    my %libserv = &all_library();
     my @server_list = (defined($server_array) ? @$server_array
                                               : keys(%libserv) );
     for my $server (@server_list) {
+        my $domains = ''; 
+        if (ref($domains_hash) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domains = $domains_hash->{$server}; 
+        }
 	unless ($custom or $customshow) {
-	    my $reply=&reply("querysend:".&escape($query),$server);
+	    my $reply=&reply("querysend:".&escape($query).':::'.&escape($domains),$server);
 	    $rhash{$server}=$reply;
 	}
 	else {
 	    my $reply=&reply("querysend:".&escape($query).':'.
-			     &escape($custom).':'.&escape($customshow),
+			     &escape($custom).':'.&escape($customshow).':'.&escape($domains),
 			     $server);
 	    $rhash{$server}=$reply;
 	}
@@ -2073,24 +8397,132 @@ sub log_query {
     my ($uname,$udom,$query,%filters)=@_;
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
     if ($uhome eq 'no_host') { return 'error: no_host'; }
-    my $uhost=$hostname{$uhome};
-    my $command=&escape(join(':',map{$_.'='.$filters{$_}} keys %filters));
+    my $uhost=&hostname($uhome);
+    my $command=&escape(join(':',map{$_.'='.$filters{$_}} keys(%filters)));
     my $queryid=&reply("querysend:".$query.':'.$udom.':'.$uname.':'.$command,
                        $uhome);
-    unless ($queryid=~/^$uhost\_/) { return 'error: '.$queryid; }
+    unless ($queryid=~/^\Q$uhost\E\_/) { return 'error: '.$queryid; }
     return get_query_reply($queryid);
 }
 
+# -------------------------- Update MySQL table for portfolio file
+
+sub update_portfolio_table {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$file_name,$query,$group,$action) = @_;
+    if ($group ne '') {
+        $file_name =~s /^\Q$group\E//;
+    }
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    my $queryid=
+        &reply("querysend:".$query.':'.&escape($uname.':'.$udom.':'.$group).
+               ':'.&escape($file_name).':'.$action,$homeserver);
+    my $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+    return $reply;
+}
+
+# -------------------------- Update MySQL allusers table
+
+sub update_allusers_table {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$names) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    my $queryid=
+        &reply('querysend:allusers:'.&escape($uname).':'.&escape($udom).':'.
+               'lastname='.&escape($names->{'lastname'}).'%%'.
+               'firstname='.&escape($names->{'firstname'}).'%%'.
+               'middlename='.&escape($names->{'middlename'}).'%%'.
+               'generation='.&escape($names->{'generation'}).'%%'.
+               'permanentemail='.&escape($names->{'permanentemail'}).'%%'.
+               'id='.&escape($names->{'id'}),$homeserver);
+    return;
+}
+
+# ------- Request retrieval of institutional classlists for course(s)
+
+sub fetch_enrollment_query {
+    my ($context,$affiliatesref,$replyref,$dom,$cnum) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,$sleep,$loopmax);
+    my $maxtries = 1;
+    if ($context eq 'automated') {
+        $homeserver = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+        $sleep = 2;
+        $loopmax = 100;
+        $maxtries = 10; # will wait for up to 2000s for retrieval of classlist data before timeout
+    } else {
+        $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$dom);
+    }
+    my $host=&hostname($homeserver);
+    my $cmd = '';
+    foreach my $affiliate (keys(%{$affiliatesref})) {
+        $cmd .= $affiliate.'='.join(",",@{$$affiliatesref{$affiliate}}).'%%';
+    }
+    $cmd =~ s/%%$//;
+    $cmd = &escape($cmd);
+    my $query = 'fetchenrollment';
+    my $queryid=&reply("querysend:".$query.':'.$dom.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$cmd,$homeserver);
+    unless ($queryid=~/^\Q$host\E\_/) { 
+        &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query: invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$host.' and homeserver: '.$homeserver.' context: '.$context.' '.$cnum); 
+        return 'error: '.$queryid;
+    }
+    my $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid,$sleep,$loopmax);
+    my $tries = 1;
+    while (($reply=~/^timeout/) && ($tries < $maxtries)) {
+        $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid,$sleep,$loopmax);
+        $tries ++;
+    }
+    if ( ($reply =~/^timeout/) || ($reply =~/^error/) ) {
+        &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query error: '.$reply.' for '.$dom.' '.$env{'user.name'}.' for '.$queryid.' context: '.$context.' '.$cnum.' maxtries: '.$maxtries.' tries: '.$tries);
+    } else {
+        my @responses = split(/:/,$reply);
+        if (grep { $_ eq $homeserver } &current_machine_ids()) {
+            foreach my $line (@responses) {
+                my ($key,$value) = split(/=/,$line,2);
+                $$replyref{$key} = $value;
+            }
+        } else {
+            my $pathname = LONCAPA::tempdir();
+            foreach my $line (@responses) {
+                my ($key,$value) = split(/=/,$line);
+                $$replyref{$key} = $value;
+                if ($value > 0) {
+                    foreach my $item (@{$$affiliatesref{$key}}) {
+                        my $filename = $dom.'_'.$key.'_'.$item.'_classlist.xml';
+                        my $destname = $pathname.'/'.$filename;
+                        my $xml_classlist = &reply("autoretrieve:".$filename,$homeserver);
+                        if ($xml_classlist =~ /^error/) {
+                            &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query - autoretrieve error: '.$xml_classlist.' for '.$filename.' from server: '.$homeserver.' '.$context.' '.$cnum);
+                        } else {
+                            if ( open(FILE,">",$destname) ) {
+                                print FILE &unescape($xml_classlist);
+                                close(FILE);
+                            } else {
+                                &logthis('fetch_enrollment_query - error opening classlist file '.$destname.' '.$context.' '.$cnum);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return 'ok';
+    }
+    return 'error';
+}
+
 sub get_query_reply {
-    my $queryid=shift;
-    my $replyfile=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$queryid;
+    my ($queryid,$sleep,$loopmax) = @_;;
+    if (($sleep eq '') || ($sleep !~ /^\d+\.?\d*$/)) {
+        $sleep = 0.2;
+    }
+    if (($loopmax eq '') || ($loopmax =~ /\D/)) {
+        $loopmax = 100;
+    }
+    my $replyfile=LONCAPA::tempdir().$queryid;
     my $reply='';
-    for (1..100) {
-	sleep 2;
+    for (1..$loopmax) {
+	sleep($sleep);
         if (-e $replyfile.'.end') {
-	    if (my $fh=Apache::File->new($replyfile)) {
-               $reply.=<$fh>;
-               $fh->close;
+	    if (open(my $fh,"<",$replyfile)) {
+		$reply = join('',<$fh>);
+		close($fh);
 	   } else { return 'error: reply_file_error'; }
            return &unescape($reply);
 	}
@@ -2109,54 +8541,860 @@ sub courselog_query {
 # end: timestamp
 #
     my (%filters)=@_;
-    unless ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) { return 'no_course'; }
+    unless ($env{'request.course.id'}) { return 'no_course'; }
     if ($filters{'url'}) {
 	$filters{'url'}=&symbclean(&declutter($filters{'url'}));
         $filters{'url'}=~s/\.(\w+)$/(\\.\\d+)*\\.$1/;
         $filters{'url'}=~s/\.(\w+)\_\_\_/(\\.\\d+)*\\.$1/;
     }
-    my $cname=$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
-    my $cdom=$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+    my $cname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+    my $cdom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
     return &log_query($cname,$cdom,'courselog',%filters);
 }
 
 sub userlog_query {
+#
+# possible filters:
+# action: log check role
+# start: timestamp
+# end: timestamp
+#
     my ($uname,$udom,%filters)=@_;
     return &log_query($uname,$udom,'userlog',%filters);
 }
 
+#--------- Call auto-enrollment subs in localenroll.pm for homeserver for course 
+
+sub auto_run {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom) = @_;
+    my $response = 0;
+    my $settings;
+    my %domconfig = &get_dom('configuration',['autoenroll'],$cdom);
+    if (ref($domconfig{'autoenroll'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        $settings = $domconfig{'autoenroll'};
+        if ($settings->{'run'} eq '1') {
+            $response = 1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        my $homeserver;
+        if (&is_course($cdom,$cnum)) {
+            $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+        } else {
+            $homeserver = &domain($cdom,'primary');
+        }
+        if ($homeserver ne 'no_host') {
+            $response = &reply('autorun:'.$cdom,$homeserver);
+        }
+    }
+    return $response;
+}
+
+sub auto_get_sections {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_coursecode) = @_;
+    my $homeserver;
+    if (($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) && ($cnum =~ /^$match_courseid$/)) { 
+        $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    }
+    if (!defined($homeserver)) { 
+        if ($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+            $homeserver = &domain($cdom,'primary');
+        }
+    }
+    my @secs;
+    if (defined($homeserver)) {
+        my $response=&unescape(&reply('autogetsections:'.$inst_coursecode.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
+        unless ($response eq 'refused') {
+            @secs = split(/:/,$response);
+        }
+    }
+    return @secs;
+}
+
+sub auto_new_course {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_course_id,$owner,$coowners) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autonewcourse:'.$inst_course_id.':'.&escape($owner).':'.$cdom.':'.&escape($coowners),$homeserver));
+    return $response;
+}
+
+sub auto_validate_courseID {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_course_id) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autovalidatecourse:'.$inst_course_id.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
+    return $response;
+}
+
+sub auto_validate_instcode {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$instcode,$owner) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,$response);
+    if (($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) && ($cnum =~ /^$match_courseid$/)) {
+        $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    }
+    if (!defined($homeserver)) {
+        if ($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+            $homeserver = &domain($cdom,'primary');
+        }
+    }
+    $response=&unescape(&reply('autovalidateinstcode:'.$cdom.':'.
+                        &escape($instcode).':'.&escape($owner),$homeserver));
+    my ($outcome,$description,$defaultcredits) = map { &unescape($_); } split('&',$response,3);
+    return ($outcome,$description,$defaultcredits);
+}
+
+sub auto_create_password {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$authparam,$udom) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,$response);
+    my $create_passwd = 0;
+    my $authchk = '';
+    if ($udom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+        $homeserver = &domain($udom,'primary');
+    }
+    if ($homeserver eq '') {
+        if (($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) && ($cnum =~ /^$match_courseid$/)) {
+            $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+        }
+    }
+    if ($homeserver eq '') {
+        $authchk = 'nodomain';
+    } else {
+        $response=&unescape(&reply('autocreatepassword:'.$authparam.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
+        if ($response eq 'refused') {
+            $authchk = 'refused';
+        } else {
+            ($authparam,$create_passwd,$authchk) = split(/:/,$response);
+        }
+    }
+    return ($authparam,$create_passwd,$authchk);
+}
+
+sub auto_photo_permission {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$students) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my ($outcome,$perm_reqd,$conditions) = 
+	split(/:/,&unescape(&reply('autophotopermission:'.$cdom,$homeserver)),3);
+    if ($outcome =~ /^(con_lost|unknown_cmd|no_such_host)$/) {
+	return (undef,undef);
+    }
+    return ($outcome,$perm_reqd,$conditions);
+}
+
+sub auto_checkphotos {
+    my ($uname,$udom,$pid) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    my ($result,$resulttype);
+    my $outcome = &unescape(&reply('autophotocheck:'.&escape($udom).':'.
+				   &escape($uname).':'.&escape($pid),
+				   $homeserver));
+    if ($outcome =~ /^(con_lost|unknown_cmd|no_such_host)$/) {
+	return (undef,undef);
+    }
+    if ($outcome) {
+        ($result,$resulttype) = split(/:/,$outcome);
+    } 
+    return ($result,$resulttype);
+}
+
+sub auto_photochoice {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my ($update,$comment) = split(/:/,&unescape(&reply('autophotochoice:'.
+						       &escape($cdom),
+						       $homeserver)));
+    if ($update =~ /^(con_lost|unknown_cmd|no_such_host)$/) {
+	return (undef,undef);
+    }
+    return ($update,$comment);
+}
+
+sub auto_photoupdate {
+    my ($affiliatesref,$dom,$cnum,$photo) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$dom);
+    my $host=&hostname($homeserver);
+    my $cmd = '';
+    my $maxtries = 1;
+    foreach my $affiliate (keys(%{$affiliatesref})) {
+        $cmd .= $affiliate.'='.join(",",@{$$affiliatesref{$affiliate}}).'%%';
+    }
+    $cmd =~ s/%%$//;
+    $cmd = &escape($cmd);
+    my $query = 'institutionalphotos';
+    my $queryid=&reply("querysend:".$query.':'.$dom.':'.$cnum.':'.$cmd,$homeserver);
+    unless ($queryid=~/^\Q$host\E\_/) {
+        &logthis('institutionalphotos: invalid queryid: '.$queryid.' for host: '.$host.' and homeserver: '.$homeserver.' and course: '.$cnum);
+        return 'error: '.$queryid;
+    }
+    my $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+    my $tries = 1;
+    while (($reply=~/^timeout/) && ($tries < $maxtries)) {
+        $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
+        $tries ++;
+    }
+    if ( ($reply =~/^timeout/) || ($reply =~/^error/) ) {
+        &logthis('institutionalphotos error: '.$reply.' for '.$dom.' '.$env{'user.name'}.' for '.$queryid.' course: '.$cnum.' maxtries: '.$maxtries.' tries: '.$tries);
+    } else {
+        my @responses = split(/:/,$reply);
+        my $outcome = shift(@responses); 
+        foreach my $item (@responses) {
+            my ($key,$value) = split(/=/,$item);
+            $$photo{$key} = $value;
+        }
+        return $outcome;
+    }
+    return 'error';
+}
+
+sub auto_instcode_format {
+    my ($caller,$codedom,$instcodes,$codes,$codetitles,$cat_titles,
+	$cat_order) = @_;
+    my $courses = '';
+    my @homeservers;
+    if ($caller eq 'global') {
+	my %servers = &get_servers($codedom,'library');
+	foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
+	    if (!grep(/^\Q$tryserver\E$/,@homeservers)) {
+		push(@homeservers,$tryserver);
+	    }
+        }
+    } elsif ($caller eq 'requests') {
+        if ($codedom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+            my $chome = &domain($codedom,'primary');
+            unless ($chome eq 'no_host') {
+                push(@homeservers,$chome);
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        push(@homeservers,&homeserver($caller,$codedom));
+    }
+    foreach my $code (keys(%{$instcodes})) {
+        $courses .= &escape($code).'='.&escape($$instcodes{$code}).'&';
+    }
+    chop($courses);
+    my $ok_response = 0;
+    my $response;
+    while (@homeservers > 0 && $ok_response == 0) {
+        my $server = shift(@homeservers); 
+        $response=&reply('autoinstcodeformat:'.$codedom.':'.$courses,$server);
+        if ($response !~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+            my ($codes_str,$codetitles_str,$cat_titles_str,$cat_order_str) = 
+		split(/:/,$response);
+            %{$codes} = (%{$codes},&str2hash($codes_str));
+            push(@{$codetitles},&str2array($codetitles_str));
+            %{$cat_titles} = (%{$cat_titles},&str2hash($cat_titles_str));
+            %{$cat_order} = (%{$cat_order},&str2hash($cat_order_str));
+            $ok_response = 1;
+        }
+    }
+    if ($ok_response) {
+        return 'ok';
+    } else {
+        return $response;
+    }
+}
+
+sub auto_instcode_defaults {
+    my ($domain,$returnhash,$code_order) = @_;
+    my @homeservers;
+
+    my %servers = &get_servers($domain,'library');
+    foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
+	if (!grep(/^\Q$tryserver\E$/,@homeservers)) {
+	    push(@homeservers,$tryserver);
+	}
+    }
+
+    my $response;
+    foreach my $server (@homeservers) {
+        $response=&reply('autoinstcodedefaults:'.$domain,$server);
+        next if ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/);
+	
+	foreach my $pair (split(/\&/,$response)) {
+	    my ($name,$value)=split(/\=/,$pair);
+	    if ($name eq 'code_order') {
+		@{$code_order} = split(/\&/,&unescape($value));
+	    } else {
+		$returnhash->{&unescape($name)}=&unescape($value);
+	    }
+	}
+	return 'ok';
+    }
+
+    return $response;
+}
+
+sub auto_possible_instcodes {
+    my ($domain,$codetitles,$cat_titles,$cat_orders,$code_order) = @_;
+    unless ((ref($codetitles) eq 'ARRAY') && (ref($cat_titles) eq 'HASH') && 
+            (ref($cat_orders) eq 'HASH') && (ref($code_order) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        return;
+    }
+    my (@homeservers,$uhome);
+    if (defined(&domain($domain,'primary'))) {
+        $uhome=&domain($domain,'primary');
+        push(@homeservers,&domain($domain,'primary'));
+    } else {
+        my %servers = &get_servers($domain,'library');
+        foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
+            if (!grep(/^\Q$tryserver\E$/,@homeservers)) {
+                push(@homeservers,$tryserver);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    my $response;
+    foreach my $server (@homeservers) {
+        $response=&reply('autopossibleinstcodes:'.$domain,$server);
+        next if ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/);
+        my ($codetitlestr,$codeorderstr,$cat_title,$cat_order) = 
+            split(':',$response);
+        @{$codetitles} = map { &unescape($_); } (split('&',$codetitlestr));
+        @{$code_order} = map { &unescape($_); } (split('&',$codeorderstr));
+        foreach my $item (split('&',$cat_title)) {   
+            my ($name,$value)=split('=',$item);
+            $cat_titles->{&unescape($name)}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+        }
+        foreach my $item (split('&',$cat_order)) {
+            my ($name,$value)=split('=',$item);
+            $cat_orders->{&unescape($name)}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+        }
+        return 'ok';
+    }
+    return $response;
+}
+
+sub auto_courserequest_checks {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,%validations);
+    if ($dom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+        $homeserver = &domain($dom,'primary');
+    }
+    unless ($homeserver eq 'no_host') {
+        my $response=&reply('autocrsreqchecks:'.$dom,$homeserver);
+        unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+            my @items = split(/&/,$response);
+            foreach my $item (@items) {
+                my ($key,$value) = split('=',$item);
+                $validations{&unescape($key)} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %validations; 
+}
+
+sub auto_courserequest_validation {
+    my ($dom,$owner,$crstype,$inststatuslist,$instcode,$instseclist,$custominfo) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,$response);
+    if ($dom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+        $homeserver = &domain($dom,'primary');
+    }
+    unless ($homeserver eq 'no_host') {
+        my $customdata;
+        if (ref($custominfo) eq 'HASH') {
+            $customdata = &freeze_escape($custominfo);
+        }
+        $response=&unescape(&reply('autocrsreqvalidation:'.$dom.':'.&escape($owner).
+                                    ':'.&escape($crstype).':'.&escape($inststatuslist).
+                                    ':'.&escape($instcode).':'.&escape($instseclist).':'.
+                                    $customdata,$homeserver));
+    }
+    return $response;
+}
+
+sub auto_validate_class_sec {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$owners,$inst_class) = @_;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $ownerlist;
+    if (ref($owners) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        $ownerlist = join(',',@{$owners});
+    } else {
+        $ownerlist = $owners;
+    }
+    my $response=&reply('autovalidateclass_sec:'.$inst_class.':'.
+                        &escape($ownerlist).':'.$cdom,$homeserver);
+    return $response;
+}
+
+sub auto_validate_instclasses {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$owners,$classesref) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,%validations);
+    $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    unless ($homeserver eq 'no_host') {
+        my $ownerlist;
+        if (ref($owners) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            $ownerlist = join(',',@{$owners});
+        } else {
+            $ownerlist = $owners;
+        }
+        if (ref($classesref) eq 'HASH') {
+            my $classes = &freeze_escape($classesref);
+            my $response=&reply('autovalidateinstclasses:'.&escape($ownerlist).
+                                ':'.$cdom.':'.$classes,$homeserver);
+            unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+                my @items = split(/&/,$response);
+                foreach my $item (@items) {
+                    my ($key,$value) = split('=',$item);
+                    $validations{&unescape($key)} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %validations;
+}
+
+sub auto_crsreq_update {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$crstype,$action,$ownername,$ownerdomain,$fullname,$title,
+        $code,$accessstart,$accessend,$inbound) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,%crsreqresponse);
+    if ($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+        $homeserver = &domain($cdom,'primary');
+    }
+    unless (($homeserver eq 'no_host') || ($homeserver eq '')) {
+        my $info;
+        if (ref($inbound) eq 'HASH') {
+            $info = &freeze_escape($inbound);
+        }
+        my $response=&reply('autocrsrequpdate:'.$cdom.':'.$cnum.':'.&escape($crstype).
+                            ':'.&escape($action).':'.&escape($ownername).':'.
+                            &escape($ownerdomain).':'.&escape($fullname).':'.
+                            &escape($title).':'.&escape($code).':'.
+                            &escape($accessstart).':'.&escape($accessend).':'.$info,
+                            $homeserver);
+        unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+            my @items = split(/&/,$response);
+            foreach my $item (@items) {
+                my ($key,$value) = split('=',$item);
+                $crsreqresponse{&unescape($key)} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return \%crsreqresponse;
+}
+
+sub auto_export_grades {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$inforef,$gradesref) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,%exportresponse);
+    if ($cdom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+        $homeserver = &domain($cdom,'primary');
+    }
+    unless (($homeserver eq 'no_host') || ($homeserver eq '')) {
+        my $info;
+        if (ref($inforef) eq 'HASH') {
+            $info = &freeze_escape($inforef);
+        }
+        if (ref($gradesref) eq 'HASH') {
+            my $grades = &freeze_escape($gradesref);
+            my $response=&reply('encrypt:autoexportgrades:'.$cdom.':'.$cnum.':'.
+                                $info.':'.$grades,$homeserver);
+            unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused|unknown_command)/) {
+                my @items = split(/&/,$response);
+                foreach my $item (@items) {
+                    my ($key,$value) = split('=',$item);
+                    $exportresponse{&unescape($key)} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return \%exportresponse;
+}
+
+sub check_instcode_cloning {
+    my ($codedefaults,$code_order,$cloner,$clonefromcode,$clonetocode) = @_;
+    unless ((ref($codedefaults) eq 'HASH') && (ref($code_order) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        return;
+    }
+    my $canclone;
+    if (@{$code_order} > 0) {
+        my $instcoderegexp ='^';
+        my @clonecodes = split(/\&/,$cloner);
+        foreach my $item (@{$code_order}) {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$item\E=/,@clonecodes)) {
+                foreach my $pair (@clonecodes) {
+                    my ($key,$val) = split(/\=/,$pair,2);
+                    $val = &unescape($val);
+                    if ($key eq $item) {
+                        $instcoderegexp .= '('.$val.')';
+                        last;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                $instcoderegexp .= $codedefaults->{$item};
+            }
+        }
+        $instcoderegexp .= '$';
+        my (@from,@to);
+        eval {
+               (@from) = ($clonefromcode =~ /$instcoderegexp/);
+               (@to) = ($clonetocode =~ /$instcoderegexp/);
+        };
+        if ((@from > 0) && (@to > 0)) {
+            my @diffs = &Apache::loncommon::compare_arrays(\@from,\@to);
+            if (!@diffs) {
+                $canclone = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $canclone;
+}
+
+sub default_instcode_cloning {
+    my ($clonedom,$domdefclone,$clonefromcode,$clonetocode,$codedefaultsref,$codeorderref) = @_;
+    my (%codedefaults,@code_order,$canclone);
+    if ((ref($codedefaultsref) eq 'HASH') && (ref($codeorderref) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        %codedefaults = %{$codedefaultsref};
+        @code_order = @{$codeorderref};
+    } elsif ($clonedom) {
+        &auto_instcode_defaults($clonedom,\%codedefaults,\@code_order);
+    }
+    if (($domdefclone) && (@code_order)) {
+        my @clonecodes = split(/\+/,$domdefclone);
+        my $instcoderegexp ='^';
+        foreach my $item (@code_order) {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$item\E$/,@clonecodes)) {
+                $instcoderegexp .= '('.$codedefaults{$item}.')';
+            } else {
+                $instcoderegexp .= $codedefaults{$item};
+            }
+        }
+        $instcoderegexp .= '$';
+        my (@from,@to);
+        eval {
+            (@from) = ($clonefromcode =~ /$instcoderegexp/);
+            (@to) = ($clonetocode =~ /$instcoderegexp/);
+        };
+        if ((@from > 0) && (@to > 0)) {
+            my @diffs = &Apache::loncommon::compare_arrays(\@from,\@to);
+            if (!@diffs) {
+                $canclone = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $canclone;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------- Course Group routines
+
+sub get_coursegroups {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$group,$namespace) = @_;
+    return(&dump($namespace,$cdom,$cnum,$group));
+}
+
+sub modify_coursegroup {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$groupsettings) = @_;
+    return(&put('coursegroups',$groupsettings,$cdom,$cnum));
+}
+
+sub toggle_coursegroup_status {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$group,$action) = @_;
+    my ($from_namespace,$to_namespace);
+    if ($action eq 'delete') {
+        $from_namespace = 'coursegroups';
+        $to_namespace = 'deleted_groups';
+    } else {
+        $from_namespace = 'deleted_groups';
+        $to_namespace = 'coursegroups';
+    }
+    my %curr_group = &get_coursegroups($cdom,$cnum,$group,$from_namespace);
+    if (my $tmp = &error(%curr_group)) {
+        &Apache::lonnet::logthis('Error retrieving group: '.$tmp.' in '.$cnum.':'.$cdom);
+        return ('read error',$tmp);
+    } else {
+        my %savedsettings = %curr_group; 
+        my $result = &put($to_namespace,\%savedsettings,$cdom,$cnum);
+        my $deloutcome;
+        if ($result eq 'ok') {
+            $deloutcome = &del($from_namespace,[$group],$cdom,$cnum);
+        } else {
+            return ('write error',$result);
+        }
+        if ($deloutcome eq 'ok') {
+            return 'ok';
+        } else {
+            return ('delete error',$deloutcome);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub modify_group_roles {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$group_id,$user,$end,$start,$userprivs,$selfenroll,$context) = @_;
+    my $url = '/'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum.'/'.$group_id;
+    my $role = 'gr/'.&escape($userprivs);
+    my ($uname,$udom) = split(/:/,$user);
+    my $result = &assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$end,$start,'',$selfenroll,$context);
+    if ($result eq 'ok') {
+        &devalidate_getgroups_cache($udom,$uname,$cdom,$cnum);
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub modify_coursegroup_membership {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$membership) = @_;
+    my $result = &put('groupmembership',$membership,$cdom,$cnum);
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub get_active_groups {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$cdom,$cnum) = @_;
+    my $now = time;
+    my %groups = ();
+    foreach my $key (keys(%env)) {
+        if ($key =~ m-user\.role\.gr\./($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/(\w+)$-) {
+            my ($start,$end) = split(/\./,$env{$key});
+            if (($end!=0) && ($end<$now)) { next; }
+            if (($start!=0) && ($start>$now)) { next; }
+            if ($1 eq $cdom && $2 eq $cnum) {
+                $groups{$3} = $env{$key} ;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %groups;
+}
+
+sub get_group_membership {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$group) = @_;
+    return(&dump('groupmembership',$cdom,$cnum,$group));
+}
+
+sub get_users_groups {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$courseid) = @_;
+    my @usersgroups;
+    my $cachetime=1800;
+
+    my $hashid="$udom:$uname:$courseid";
+    my ($grouplist,$cached)=&is_cached_new('getgroups',$hashid);
+    if (defined($cached)) {
+        @usersgroups = split(/:/,$grouplist);
+    } else {  
+        $grouplist = '';
+        my $courseurl = &courseid_to_courseurl($courseid);
+        my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname,$courseurl);
+        my $access_end = $env{'course.'.$courseid.
+                              '.default_enrollment_end_date'};
+        my $now = time;
+        foreach my $key (keys(%roleshash)) {
+            if ($key =~ /^\Q$courseurl\E\/(\w+)\_gr$/) {
+                my $group = $1;
+                if ($roleshash{$key} =~ /_(\d+)_(\d+)$/) {
+                    my $start = $2;
+                    my $end = $1;
+                    if ($start == -1) { next; } # deleted from group
+                    if (($start!=0) && ($start>$now)) { next; }
+                    if (($end!=0) && ($end<$now)) {
+                        if ($access_end && $access_end < $now) {
+                            if ($access_end - $end < 86400) {
+                                push(@usersgroups,$group);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        next;
+                    }
+                    push(@usersgroups,$group);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        @usersgroups = &sort_course_groups($courseid,@usersgroups);
+        $grouplist = join(':',@usersgroups);
+        &do_cache_new('getgroups',$hashid,$grouplist,$cachetime);
+    }
+    return @usersgroups;
+}
+
+sub devalidate_getgroups_cache {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$cdom,$cnum)=@_;
+    my $courseid = $cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+
+    my $hashid="$udom:$uname:$courseid";
+    &devalidate_cache_new('getgroups',$hashid);
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ Plain Text
 
 sub plaintext {
-    my $short=shift;
-    return $prp{$short};
+    my ($short,$type,$cid,$forcedefault) = @_;
+    if ($short =~ m{^cr/}) {
+	return (split('/',$short))[-1];
+    }
+    if (!defined($cid)) {
+        $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
+    }
+    my %rolenames = (
+                      Course    => 'std',
+                      Community => 'alt1',
+                      Placement => 'std',
+                    );
+    if ($cid ne '') {
+        if ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'} ne '') {
+            unless ($forcedefault) {
+                my $roletext = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'}; 
+                &Apache::lonlocal::mt_escape(\$roletext);
+                return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($roletext);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ((defined($type)) && (defined($rolenames{$type})) &&
+        (defined($rolenames{$type})) && 
+        (defined($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$type}}))) {
+        return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$type}});
+    } elsif ($cid ne '') {
+        my $crstype = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.type'};
+        if (($crstype ne '') && (defined($rolenames{$crstype})) &&
+            (defined($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$crstype}}))) {
+            return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$crstype}});
+        }
+    }
+    return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{'std'});
 }
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Assign Role
 
 sub assignrole {
-    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$end,$start)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$end,$start,$deleteflag,$selfenroll,
+        $context)=@_;
     my $mrole;
     if ($role =~ /^cr\//) {
-	unless (&allowed('ccr',$url)) {
-           &logthis('Refused custom assignrole: '.
-             $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.' by '.
-		    $ENV{'user.name'}.' at '.$ENV{'user.domain'});
-           return 'refused'; 
+        my $cwosec=$url;
+        $cwosec=~s/^\/($match_domain)\/($match_courseid)\/.*/$1\/$2/;
+	unless (&allowed('ccr',$cwosec)) {
+           my $refused = 1;
+           if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+               if (($env{'user.name'} ne '') && ($env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
+                   if ($role =~ m{^cr/($match_domain)/($match_username)/([^/]+)$}) {
+                       if (($1 eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($2 eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+                           my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($cwosec =~ m{^/?($match_domain)/($match_courseid)$});
+                           my %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
+                           if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq
+                               $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                               $refused = '';
+                           }
+                       }
+                   }
+               }
+           }
+           if ($refused) {
+               &logthis('Refused custom assignrole: '.
+                        $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.
+                        ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
+               return 'refused';
+           }
         }
         $mrole='cr';
+    } elsif ($role =~ /^gr\//) {
+        my $cwogrp=$url;
+        $cwogrp=~s{^/($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/.*}{$1/$2};
+        unless (&allowed('mdg',$cwogrp)) {
+            &logthis('Refused group assignrole: '.
+              $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.' by '.
+                    $env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
+            return 'refused';
+        }
+        $mrole='gr';
     } else {
         my $cwosec=$url;
-        $cwosec=~s/^\/(\w+)\/(\w+)\/.*/$1\/$2/;
-        unless (&allowed('c'.$role,$cwosec)) { 
-           &logthis('Refused assignrole: '.
-             $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.' by '.
-		    $ENV{'user.name'}.' at '.$ENV{'user.domain'});
-           return 'refused'; 
+        $cwosec=~s/^\/($match_domain)\/($match_courseid)\/.*/$1\/$2/;
+        if (!(&allowed('c'.$role,$cwosec)) && !(&allowed('c'.$role,$udom))) {
+            my $refused;
+            if (($env{'request.course.sec'}  ne '') && ($role eq 'st')) {
+                if (!(&allowed('c'.$role,$url))) {
+                    $refused = 1;
+                }
+            } else {
+                $refused = 1;
+            }
+            if ($refused) {
+                my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($cwosec =~ m{^/?($match_domain)/($match_courseid)$});
+                if (!$selfenroll && (($context eq 'course') || ($context eq 'ltienroll' && $env{'request.lti.login'}))) {
+                    my %crsenv;
+                    if ($role eq 'cc' || $role eq 'co') {
+                        %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
+                        if (($role eq 'cc') && ($cnum !~ /^$match_community$/)) {
+                            if ($env{'request.role'} eq 'cc./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum) {
+                                if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq 
+                                    $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                                    $refused = '';
+                                }
+                            }
+                        } elsif (($role eq 'co') && ($cnum =~ /^$match_community$/)) { 
+                            if ($env{'request.role'} eq 'co./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum) {
+                                if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq 
+                                    $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                                    $refused = '';
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif (($selfenroll == 1) && ($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+                    if ($role eq 'st') {
+                        $refused = '';
+                    } elsif (($context eq 'ltienroll') && ($env{'request.lti.login'})) {
+                        $refused = '';
+                    }
+                } elsif ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+                    my @possroles = ('st','ta','ep','in','cc','co');
+                    if ((grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@possroles)) && ($env{'user.name'} ne '' && $env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
+                        my $wrongcc;
+                        if ($cnum =~ /^$match_community$/) {
+                            $wrongcc = 1 if ($role eq 'cc');
+                        } else {
+                            $wrongcc = 1 if ($role eq 'co');
+                        }
+                        unless ($wrongcc) {
+                            my %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
+                            if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq 
+                                 $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                                $refused = '';
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif ($context eq 'requestauthor') {
+                    if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'}) && 
+                        ($url eq '/'.$udom.'/') && ($role eq 'au')) {
+                        if ($env{'environment.requestauthor'} eq 'automatic') {
+                            $refused = '';
+                        } else {
+                            my %domdefaults = &get_domain_defaults($udom);
+                            if (ref($domdefaults{'requestauthor'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                                my $checkbystatus;
+                                if ($env{'user.adv'}) { 
+                                    my $disposition = $domdefaults{'requestauthor'}{'_LC_adv'};
+                                    if ($disposition eq 'automatic') {
+                                        $refused = '';
+                                    } elsif ($disposition eq '') {
+                                        $checkbystatus = 1;
+                                    } 
+                                } else {
+                                    $checkbystatus = 1;
+                                }
+                                if ($checkbystatus) {
+                                    if ($env{'environment.inststatus'}) {
+                                        my @inststatuses = split(/,/,$env{'environment.inststatus'});
+                                        foreach my $type (@inststatuses) {
+                                            if (($type ne '') &&
+                                                ($domdefaults{'requestauthor'}{$type} eq 'automatic')) {
+                                                $refused = '';
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    } elsif ($domdefaults{'requestauthor'}{'default'} eq 'automatic') {
+                                        $refused = '';
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if ($refused) {
+                    &logthis('Refused assignrole: '.$udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.
+                             ' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.' by '.
+	  	             $env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
+                    return 'refused';
+                }
+            }
+        } elsif ($role eq 'au') {
+            if ($url ne '/'.$udom.'/') {
+                &logthis('Attempt by '.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}.
+                         ' to assign author role for '.$uname.':'.$udom.
+                         ' in domain: '.$url.' refused (wrong domain).');
+                return 'refused';
+            }
         }
         $mrole=$role;
     }
-    my $command="encrypt:rolesput:$ENV{'user.domain'}:$ENV{'user.name'}:".
+    my $command="encrypt:rolesput:$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
                 "$udom:$uname:$url".'_'."$mrole=$role";
     if ($end) { $command.='_'.$end; }
     if ($start) {
@@ -2166,7 +9404,137 @@ sub assignrole {
            $command.='_0_'.$start;
         }
     }
-    return &reply($command,&homeserver($uname,$udom));
+    my $origstart = $start;
+    my $origend = $end;
+    my $delflag;
+# actually delete
+    if ($deleteflag) {
+	if ((&allowed('dro',$udom)) || (&allowed('dro',$url))) {
+# modify command to delete the role
+           $command="encrypt:rolesdel:$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
+                "$udom:$uname:$url".'_'."$mrole";
+	   &logthis("$env{'user.name'} at $env{'user.domain'} deletes $mrole in $url for $uname at $udom"); 
+# set start and finish to negative values for userrolelog
+           $start=-1;
+           $end=-1;
+           $delflag = 1;
+        }
+    }
+# send command
+    my $answer=&reply($command,&homeserver($uname,$udom));
+# log new user role if status is ok
+    if ($answer eq 'ok') {
+	&userrolelog($role,$uname,$udom,$url,$start,$end);
+        if (($role eq 'cc') || ($role eq 'in') ||
+            ($role eq 'ep') || ($role eq 'ad') ||
+            ($role eq 'ta') || ($role eq 'st') ||
+            ($role=~/^cr/) || ($role eq 'gr') ||
+            ($role eq 'co')) {
+# for course roles, perform group memberships changes triggered by role change.
+            unless ($role =~ /^gr/) {
+                &Apache::longroup::group_changes($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$origend,
+                                                 $origstart,$selfenroll,$context);
+            }
+            &courserolelog($role,$uname,$udom,$url,$origstart,$origend,$delflag,
+                           $selfenroll,$context);
+        } elsif (($role eq 'li') || ($role eq 'dg') || ($role eq 'sc') ||
+                 ($role eq 'au') || ($role eq 'dc') || ($role eq 'dh') ||
+                 ($role eq 'da')) {
+            &domainrolelog($role,$uname,$udom,$url,$origstart,$origend,$delflag,
+                           $context);
+        } elsif (($role eq 'ca') || ($role eq 'aa')) {
+            &coauthorrolelog($role,$uname,$udom,$url,$origstart,$origend,$delflag,
+                             $context); 
+        }
+        if ($role eq 'cc') {
+            &autoupdate_coowners($url,$end,$start,$uname,$udom);
+        }
+    }
+    return $answer;
+}
+
+sub autoupdate_coowners {
+    my ($url,$end,$start,$uname,$udom) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($url =~ m{^/($match_domain)/($match_courseid)});
+    if (($cdom ne '') && ($cnum ne '')) {
+        my $now = time;
+        my %domdesign = &Apache::loncommon::get_domainconf($cdom);
+        if ($domdesign{$cdom.'.autoassign.co-owners'}) {
+            my %coursehash = &coursedescription($cdom.'_'.$cnum);
+            my $instcode = $coursehash{'internal.coursecode'};
+            if ($instcode ne '') {
+                if (($start && $start <= $now) && ($end == 0) || ($end > $now)) {
+                    unless ($coursehash{'internal.courseowner'} eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                        my ($delcoowners,@newcoowners,$putresult,$delresult,$coowners);
+                        my ($result,$desc) = &auto_validate_instcode($cnum,$cdom,$instcode,$uname.':'.$udom);
+                        if ($result eq 'valid') {
+                            if ($coursehash{'internal.co-owners'}) {
+                                foreach my $coowner (split(',',$coursehash{'internal.co-owners'})) {
+                                    push(@newcoowners,$coowner);
+                                }
+                                unless (grep(/^\Q$uname\E:\Q$udom\E$/,@newcoowners)) {
+                                    push(@newcoowners,$uname.':'.$udom);
+                                }
+                                @newcoowners = sort(@newcoowners);
+                            } else {
+                                push(@newcoowners,$uname.':'.$udom);
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            if ($coursehash{'internal.co-owners'}) {
+                                foreach my $coowner (split(',',$coursehash{'internal.co-owners'})) {
+                                    unless ($coowner eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                                        push(@newcoowners,$coowner);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                unless (@newcoowners > 0) {
+                                    $delcoowners = 1;
+                                    $coowners = '';
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (@newcoowners || $delcoowners) {
+                            &store_coowners($cdom,$cnum,$coursehash{'home'},
+                                            $delcoowners,@newcoowners);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub store_coowners {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$chome,$delcoowners,@newcoowners) = @_;
+    my $cid = $cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+    my ($coowners,$delresult,$putresult);
+    if (@newcoowners) {
+        $coowners = join(',',@newcoowners);
+        my %coownershash = (
+                            'internal.co-owners' => $coowners,
+                           );
+        $putresult = &put('environment',\%coownershash,$cdom,$cnum);
+        if ($putresult eq 'ok') {
+            if ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'} eq $cnum) {
+                &appenv({'course.'.$cid.'.internal.co-owners' => $coowners});
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($delcoowners) {
+        $delresult = &Apache::lonnet::del('environment',['internal.co-owners'],$cdom,$cnum);
+        if ($delresult eq 'ok') {
+            if ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.internal.co-owners'}) {
+                &Apache::lonnet::delenv('course.'.$cid.'.internal.co-owners');
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (($putresult eq 'ok') || ($delresult eq 'ok')) {
+        my %crsinfo =
+            &Apache::lonnet::courseiddump($cdom,'.',1,'.','.',$cnum,undef,undef,'.');
+        if (ref($crsinfo{$cid}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $crsinfo{$cid}{'co-owners'} = \@newcoowners;
+            my $cidput = &Apache::lonnet::courseidput($cdom,\%crsinfo,$chome,'notime');
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------- Modify user authentication
@@ -2177,16 +9545,16 @@ sub modifyuserauth {
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
     unless (&allowed('mau',$udom)) { return 'refused'; }
     &logthis('Call to modify user authentication '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.
-             $umode.' by '.$ENV{'user.name'}.' at '.$ENV{'user.domain'}.
-             ' in domain '.$ENV{'request.role.domain'});  
+             $umode.' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'}.
+             ' in domain '.$env{'request.role.domain'});  
     my $reply=&reply('encrypt:changeuserauth:'.$udom.':'.$uname.':'.$umode.':'.
 		     &escape($upass),$uhome);
-    &log($ENV{'user.domain'},$ENV{'user.name'},$ENV{'user.home'},
+    &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},
         'Authentication changed for '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.$umode.
          '(Remote '.$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'}.'): '.$reply);
     &log($udom,,$uname,$uhome,
-        'Authentication changed by '.$ENV{'user.domain'}.', '.
-                                     $ENV{'user.name'}.', '.$umode.
+        'Authentication changed by '.$env{'user.domain'}.', '.
+                                     $env{'user.name'}.', '.$umode.
          '(Remote '.$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'}.'): '.$reply);
     unless ($reply eq 'ok') {
         &logthis('Authentication mode error: '.$reply);
@@ -2201,35 +9569,48 @@ sub modifyuser {
     my ($udom,    $uname, $uid,
         $umode,   $upass, $first,
         $middle,  $last,  $gene,
-        $forceid, $desiredhome)=@_;
-    $udom=~s/\W//g;
-    $uname=~s/\W//g;
+        $forceid, $desiredhome, $email, $inststatus, $candelete)=@_;
+    $udom= &LONCAPA::clean_domain($udom);
+    $uname=&LONCAPA::clean_username($uname);
+    my $showcandelete = 'none';
+    if (ref($candelete) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        if (@{$candelete} > 0) {
+            $showcandelete = join(', ',@{$candelete});
+        }
+    }
     &logthis('Call to modify user '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
              $umode.', '.$first.', '.$middle.', '.
-	     $last.', '.$gene.'(forceid: '.$forceid.')'.
+	     $last.', '.$gene.'(forceid: '.$forceid.'; candelete: '.$showcandelete.')'.
              (defined($desiredhome) ? ' desiredhome = '.$desiredhome :
                                      ' desiredhome not specified'). 
-             ' by '.$ENV{'user.name'}.' at '.$ENV{'user.domain'}.
-             ' in domain '.$ENV{'request.role.domain'});
+             ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'}.
+             ' in domain '.$env{'request.role.domain'});
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
+    my $newuser;
+    if ($uhome eq 'no_host') {
+        $newuser = 1;
+        unless (($umode && ($upass ne '')) || ($umode eq 'localauth') ||
+                ($umode eq 'lti')) {
+            return 'error: more information needed to create new user';
+        }
+    }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Create User
-    if (($uhome eq 'no_host') && ($umode) && ($upass)) {
+    if (($uhome eq 'no_host') && 
+	(($umode && $upass) || ($umode eq 'localauth') || ($umode eq 'lti'))) {
         my $unhome='';
-        if (defined($desiredhome) && $hostdom{$desiredhome} eq $udom) { 
+        if (defined($desiredhome) && &host_domain($desiredhome) eq $udom) { 
             $unhome = $desiredhome;
-	} elsif($ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} eq $udom) {
-	    $unhome=$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
+	} elsif($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'} eq $udom) {
+	    $unhome=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.home'};
         } else { # load balancing routine for determining $unhome
-            my $tryserver;
             my $loadm=10000000;
-            foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
-	       if ($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $udom) {
-                  my $answer=reply('load',$tryserver);
-                  if (($answer=~/\d+/) && ($answer<$loadm)) {
-		      $loadm=$answer;
-                      $unhome=$tryserver;
-                  }
-	       }
+	    my %servers = &get_servers($udom,'library');
+	    foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
+		my $answer=reply('load',$tryserver);
+		if (($answer=~/\d+/) && ($answer<$loadm)) {
+		    $loadm=$answer;
+		    $unhome=$tryserver;
+		}
 	    }
         }
         if (($unhome eq '') || ($unhome eq 'no_host')) {
@@ -2243,7 +9624,7 @@ sub modifyuser {
         }   
         $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
         if (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host') || ($uhome ne $unhome)) {
-	    return 'error: verify home';
+	    return 'error: unable verify users home machine.';
         }
     }   # End of creation of new user
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Add ID
@@ -2253,27 +9634,112 @@ sub modifyuser {
        if (($uidhash{$uname}) && ($uidhash{$uname}!~/error\:/) 
          && (!$forceid)) {
 	  unless ($uid eq $uidhash{$uname}) {
-	      return 'error: mismatch '.$uidhash{$uname}.' versus '.$uid;
+	      return 'error: user id "'.$uid.'" does not match '.
+                  'current user id "'.$uidhash{$uname}.'".';
           }
        } else {
-	  &idput($udom,($uname => $uid));
+	  &idput($udom,{$uname => $uid},$uhome,'ids');
        }
     }
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- Add names, etc
-    my %names=&get('environment',
-		   ['firstname','middlename','lastname','generation'],
+    my @tmp=&get('environment',
+		   ['firstname','middlename','lastname','generation','id',
+                    'permanentemail','inststatus'],
 		   $udom,$uname);
-    if ($names{'firstname'} =~ m/^error:.*/) { %names=(); }
+    my (%names,%oldnames);
+    if ($tmp[0] =~ m/^error:.*/) { 
+        %names=(); 
+    } else {
+        %names = @tmp;
+        %oldnames = %names;
+    }
+#
+# If name, email and/or uid are blank (e.g., because an uploaded file
+# of users did not contain them), do not overwrite existing values
+# unless field is in $candelete array ref.  
+#
+
+    my @fields = ('firstname','middlename','lastname','generation',
+                  'permanentemail','id');
+    my %newvalues;
+    if (ref($candelete) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        foreach my $field (@fields) {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$field\E$/,@{$candelete})) {
+                if ($field eq 'firstname') {
+                    $names{$field} = $first;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'middlename') {
+                    $names{$field} = $middle;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'lastname') {
+                    $names{$field} = $last;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'generation') { 
+                    $names{$field} = $gene;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'permanentemail') {
+                    $names{$field} = $email;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'id') {
+                    $names{$field}  = $uid;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
     if ($first)  { $names{'firstname'}  = $first; }
-    if ($middle) { $names{'middlename'} = $middle; }
+    if (defined($middle)) { $names{'middlename'} = $middle; }
     if ($last)   { $names{'lastname'}   = $last; }
-    if ($gene)   { $names{'generation'} = $gene; }
+    if (defined($gene))   { $names{'generation'} = $gene; }
+    if ($email) {
+       $email=~s/[^\w\@\.\-\,]//gs;
+       if ($email=~/\@/) { $names{'permanentemail'} = $email; }
+    }
+    if ($uid) { $names{'id'}  = $uid; }
+    if (defined($inststatus)) {
+        $names{'inststatus'} = '';
+        my ($usertypes,$typesorder) = &retrieve_inst_usertypes($udom);
+        if (ref($usertypes) eq 'HASH') {
+            my @okstatuses; 
+            foreach my $item (split(/:/,$inststatus)) {
+                if (defined($usertypes->{$item})) {
+                    push(@okstatuses,$item);  
+                }
+            }
+            if (@okstatuses) {
+                $names{'inststatus'} = join(':', map { &escape($_); } @okstatuses);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    my $logmsg = $udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
+                 $umode.', '.$first.', '.$middle.', '.
+                 $last.', '.$gene.', '.$email.', '.$inststatus;
+    if ($env{'user.name'} ne '' && $env{'user.domain'}) {
+        $logmsg .= ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'};
+    } else {
+        $logmsg .= ' during self creation';
+    }
+    my $changed;
+    if ($newuser) {
+        $changed = 1;
+    } else {
+        foreach my $field (@fields) {
+            if ($names{$field} ne $oldnames{$field}) {
+                $changed = 1;
+                last;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unless ($changed) {
+        $logmsg = 'No changes in user information needed for: '.$logmsg;
+        &logthis($logmsg);
+        return 'ok';
+    }
     my $reply = &put('environment', \%names, $udom,$uname);
-    if ($reply ne 'ok') { return 'error: '.$reply; }
-    &logthis('Success modifying user '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
-             $umode.', '.$first.', '.$middle.', '.
-	     $last.', '.$gene.' by '.
-             $ENV{'user.name'}.' at '.$ENV{'user.domain'});
+    if ($reply ne 'ok') { 
+        return 'error: '.$reply;
+    }
+    if ($names{'permanentemail'} ne $oldnames{'permanentemail'}) {
+        &Apache::lonnet::devalidate_cache_new('emailscache',$uname.':'.$udom);
+    }
+    my $sqlresult = &update_allusers_table($uname,$udom,\%names);
+    &devalidate_cache_new('namescache',$uname.':'.$udom);
+    $logmsg = 'Success modifying user '.$logmsg;
+    &logthis($logmsg);
     return 'ok';
 }
 
@@ -2281,36 +9747,118 @@ sub modifyuser {
 
 sub modifystudent {
     my ($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,$usec,
-        $end,$start,$forceid,$desiredhome)=@_;
-    my $cid='';
-    unless ($cid=$ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
-	return 'not_in_class';
+        $end,$start,$forceid,$desiredhome,$email,$type,$locktype,$cid,
+        $selfenroll,$context,$inststatus,$credits,$instsec)=@_;
+    if (!$cid) {
+	unless ($cid=$env{'request.course.id'}) {
+	    return 'not_in_class';
+	}
     }
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- Make the user
     my $reply=&modifyuser
 	($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,$forceid,
-         $desiredhome);
+         $desiredhome,$email,$inststatus);
     unless ($reply eq 'ok') { return $reply; }
+    # This will cause &modify_student_enrollment to get the uid from the
+    # student's environment
+    $uid = undef if (!$forceid);
+    $reply = &modify_student_enrollment($udom,$uname,$uid,$first,$middle,$last,
+                                        $gene,$usec,$end,$start,$type,$locktype,
+                                        $cid,$selfenroll,$context,$credits,$instsec);
+    return $reply;
+}
+
+sub modify_student_enrollment {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$uid,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,$usec,$end,$start,$type,
+        $locktype,$cid,$selfenroll,$context,$credits,$instsec) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$chome);
+    if (!$cid) {
+	unless ($cid=$env{'request.course.id'}) {
+	    return 'not_in_class';
+	}
+	$cdom=$env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+	$cnum=$env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'};
+    } else {
+	($cdom,$cnum)=split(/_/,$cid);
+    }
+    $chome=$env{'course.'.$cid.'.home'};
+    if (!$chome) {
+	$chome=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    }
+    if (!$chome) { return 'unknown_course'; }
+    # Make sure the user exists
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
     if (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) { 
 	return 'error: no such user';
     }
-# -------------------------------------------------- Add student to course list
-    $reply=critical('put:'.$ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'}.':'.
-	              $ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.num'}.':classlist:'.
-                      &escape($uname.':'.$udom).'='.
-                      &escape($end.':'.$start),
-	              $ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.home'});
-    unless (($reply eq 'ok') || ($reply eq 'delayed')) {
+    # Get student data if we were not given enough information
+    if (!defined($first)  || $first  eq '' || 
+        !defined($last)   || $last   eq '' || 
+        !defined($uid)    || $uid    eq '' || 
+        !defined($middle) || $middle eq '' || 
+        !defined($gene)   || $gene   eq '') {
+        # They did not supply us with enough data to enroll the student, so
+        # we need to pick up more information.
+        my %tmp = &get('environment',
+                       ['firstname','middlename','lastname', 'generation','id']
+                       ,$udom,$uname);
+
+        #foreach my $key (keys(%tmp)) {
+        #    &logthis("key $key = ".$tmp{$key});
+        #}
+        $first  = $tmp{'firstname'}  if (!defined($first)  || $first  eq '');
+        $middle = $tmp{'middlename'} if (!defined($middle) || $middle eq '');
+        $last   = $tmp{'lastname'}   if (!defined($last)   || $last eq '');
+        $gene   = $tmp{'generation'} if (!defined($gene)   || $gene eq '');
+        $uid    = $tmp{'id'}         if (!defined($uid)    || $uid  eq '');
+    }
+    my $fullname = &format_name($first,$middle,$last,$gene,'lastname');
+    my $user = "$uname:$udom";
+    my %old_entry = &Apache::lonnet::get('classlist',[$user],$cdom,$cnum);
+    my $reply=cput('classlist',
+		   {$user => 
+			join(':',$end,$start,$uid,$usec,$fullname,$type,$locktype,$credits,$instsec) },
+		   $cdom,$cnum);
+    if (($reply eq 'ok') || ($reply eq 'delayed')) {
+        &devalidate_getsection_cache($udom,$uname,$cid);
+    } else { 
 	return 'error: '.$reply;
     }
-# ---------------------------------------------------- Add student role to user
+    # Add student role to user
     my $uurl='/'.$cid;
     $uurl=~s/\_/\//g;
     if ($usec) {
 	$uurl.='/'.$usec;
     }
-    return &assignrole($udom,$uname,$uurl,'st',$end,$start);
+    my $result = &assignrole($udom,$uname,$uurl,'st',$end,$start,undef,
+                             $selfenroll,$context);
+    if ($result ne 'ok') {
+        if ($old_entry{$user} ne '') {
+            $reply = &cput('classlist',\%old_entry,$cdom,$cnum);
+        } else {
+            $reply = &del('classlist',[$user],$cdom,$cnum);
+        }
+    }
+    return $result; 
+}
+
+sub format_name {
+    my ($firstname,$middlename,$lastname,$generation,$first)=@_;
+    my $name;
+    if ($first ne 'lastname') {
+	$name=$firstname.' '.$middlename.' '.$lastname.' '.$generation;
+    } else {
+	if ($lastname=~/\S/) {
+	    $name.= $lastname.' '.$generation.', '.$firstname.' '.$middlename;
+	    $name=~s/\s+,/,/;
+	} else {
+	    $name.= $firstname.' '.$middlename.' '.$generation;
+	}
+    }
+    $name=~s/^\s+//;
+    $name=~s/\s+$//;
+    $name=~s/\s+/ /g;
+    return $name;
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------- Write to course preferences
@@ -2325,8 +9873,8 @@ sub writecoursepref {
 	return 'error: no such course';
     }
     my $cstring='';
-    foreach (keys %prefs) {
-	$cstring.=escape($_).'='.escape($prefs{$_}).'&';
+    foreach my $pref (keys(%prefs)) {
+	$cstring.=&escape($pref).'='.&escape($prefs{$pref}).'&';
     }
     $cstring=~s/\&$//;
     return reply('put:'.$cdomain.':'.$cnum.':environment:'.$cstring,$chome);
@@ -2335,45 +9883,101 @@ sub writecoursepref {
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Make/modify course
 
 sub createcourse {
-    my ($udom,$description,$url,$course_server,$nonstandard)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$description,$url,$course_server,$nonstandard,$inst_code,
+        $course_owner,$crstype,$cnum,$context,$category)=@_;
     $url=&declutter($url);
     my $cid='';
-    unless (&allowed('ccc',$udom)) {
+    if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+        my $can_create = 0;
+        my ($ownername,$ownerdom) = split(':',$course_owner);
+        if ($udom eq $ownerdom) {
+            if (&usertools_access($ownername,$ownerdom,$category,undef,
+                                  $context)) {
+                $can_create = 1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            my %userenv = &userenvironment($ownerdom,$ownername,'reqcrsotherdom.'.
+                                           $category);
+            if ($userenv{'reqcrsotherdom.'.$category} ne '') {
+                my @curr = split(',',$userenv{'reqcrsotherdom.'.$category});
+                if (@curr > 0) {
+                    my @options = qw(approval validate autolimit);
+                    my $optregex = join('|',@options);
+                    if (grep(/^\Q$udom\E:($optregex)(=?\d*)$/,@curr)) {
+                        $can_create = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if ($can_create) {
+            unless ($ownername eq $env{'user.name'} && $ownerdom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                unless (&allowed('ccc',$udom)) {
+                    return 'refused'; 
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            return 'refused';
+        }
+    } elsif (!&allowed('ccc',$udom)) {
         return 'refused';
     }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------- Create ID
-   my $uname=substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
-       unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
-# ----------------------------------------------- Make sure that does not exist
-   my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
-   unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
-       $uname=substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
-        unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
-       $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');       
-       unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
-           return 'error: unable to generate unique course-ID';
-       } 
-   }
-# ------------------------------------------------ Check supplied server name
-    $course_server = $ENV{'user.homeserver'} if (! defined($course_server));
-    if (! exists($libserv{$course_server})) {
-        return 'error:bad server name '.$course_server;
+# --------------------------------------------------------------- Get Unique ID
+    my $uname;
+    if ($cnum =~ /^$match_courseid$/) {
+        my $chome=&homeserver($cnum,$udom,'true');
+        if (($chome eq '') || ($chome eq 'no_host')) {
+            $uname = $cnum;
+        } else {
+            $uname = &generate_coursenum($udom,$crstype);
+        }
+    } else {
+        $uname = &generate_coursenum($udom,$crstype);
+    }
+    return $uname if ($uname =~ /^error/);
+# -------------------------------------------------- Check supplied server name
+    if (!defined($course_server)) {
+        if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
+            $course_server = &domain($udom,'primary');
+        } else {
+            $course_server = $env{'user.home'}; 
+        }
+    }
+    my %host_servers =
+        &Apache::lonnet::get_servers($udom,'library');
+    unless ($host_servers{$course_server}) {
+        return 'error: invalid home server for course: '.$course_server;
     }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Make the course
     my $reply=&reply('encrypt:makeuser:'.$udom.':'.$uname.':none::',
                       $course_server);
     unless ($reply eq 'ok') { return 'error: '.$reply; }
-    $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
     if (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) { 
 	return 'error: no such course';
     }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Course made
+# log existence
+    my $now = time;
+    my $newcourse = {
+                    $udom.'_'.$uname => {
+                                     description => $description,
+                                     inst_code   => $inst_code,
+                                     owner       => $course_owner,
+                                     type        => $crstype,
+                                     creator     => $env{'user.name'}.':'.
+                                                    $env{'user.domain'},
+                                     created     => $now,
+                                     context     => $context,
+                                                },
+                    };
+    &courseidput($udom,$newcourse,$uhome,'notime');
+# set toplevel url
     my $topurl=$url;
     unless ($nonstandard) {
 # ------------------------------------------ For standard courses, make top url
         my $mapurl=&clutter($url);
         if ($mapurl eq '/res/') { $mapurl=''; }
-        $ENV{'form.initmap'}=(<<ENDINITMAP);
+        $env{'form.initmap'}=(<<ENDINITMAP);
 <map>
 <resource id="1" type="start"></resource>
 <resource id="2" src="$mapurl"></resource>
@@ -2383,110 +9987,849 @@ sub createcourse {
 </map>
 ENDINITMAP
         $topurl=&declutter(
-        &finishuserfileupload($uname,$udom,$uhome,'initmap','default.sequence')
+        &finishuserfileupload($uname,$udom,'initmap','default.sequence')
                           );
     }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------- Write preferences
     &writecoursepref($udom.'_'.$uname,
-                     ('description' => $description,
-                      'url'         => $topurl));
+                     ('description'              => $description,
+                      'url'                      => $topurl,
+                      'internal.creator'         => $env{'user.name'}.':'.
+                                                    $env{'user.domain'},
+                      'internal.created'         => $now,
+                      'internal.creationcontext' => $context)
+                    );
     return '/'.$udom.'/'.$uname;
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------- Create ID
+sub generate_coursenum {
+    my ($udom,$crstype) = @_;
+    my $domdesc = &domain($udom);
+    return 'error: invalid domain' if ($domdesc eq '');
+    my $first;
+    if ($crstype eq 'Community') {
+        $first = '0';
+    } else {
+        $first = int(1+rand(9)); 
+    } 
+    my $uname=$first.
+        ('a'..'z','A'..'Z','0'..'9')[int(rand(62))].
+        substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
+        unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+# ----------------------------------------------- Make sure that does not exist
+    my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
+    unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
+        if ($crstype eq 'Community') {
+            $first = '0';
+        } else {
+            $first = int(1+rand(9));
+        }
+        $uname=$first.
+               ('a'..'z','A'..'Z','0'..'9')[int(rand(62))].
+               substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
+               unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+        $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
+        unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
+            return 'error: unable to generate unique course-ID';
+        }
+    }
+    return $uname;
+}
+
+sub is_course {
+    my ($cdom, $cnum) = scalar(@_) == 1 ? 
+         ($_[0] =~ /^($match_domain)_($match_courseid)$/)  :  @_;
+
+    return unless $cdom and $cnum;
+
+    my %courses = &courseiddump($cdom, '.', 1, '.', '.', $cnum, undef, undef,
+        '.');
+
+    return unless(exists($courses{$cdom.'_'.$cnum}));
+    return wantarray ? ($cdom, $cnum) : $cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+}
+
+sub store_userdata {
+    my ($storehash,$datakey,$namespace,$udom,$uname) = @_;
+    my $result;
+    if ($datakey ne '') {
+        if (ref($storehash) eq 'HASH') {
+            if ($udom eq '' || $uname eq '') {
+                $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+                $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+            }
+            my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+            if (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
+                $result = 'error: no_host';
+            } else {
+                $storehash->{'ip'} = $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
+                $storehash->{'host'} = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+
+                my $namevalue='';
+                foreach my $key (keys(%{$storehash})) {
+                    $namevalue.=&escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$key}).'&';
+                }
+                $namevalue=~s/\&$//;
+                unless ($namespace eq 'courserequests') {
+                    $datakey = &escape($datakey);
+                }
+                $result =  &reply("store:$udom:$uname:$namespace:$datakey:".
+                                  $namevalue,$uhome);
+            }
+        } else {
+            $result = 'error: data to store was not a hash reference'; 
+        }
+    } else {
+        $result= 'error: invalid requestkey'; 
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Assign Custom Role
 
 sub assigncustomrole {
-    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$end,$start)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$end,$start,$deleteflag,$selfenroll,$context)=@_;
     return &assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,'cr/'.$rdom.'/'.$rnam.'/'.$rolename,
-                       $end,$start);
+                       $end,$start,$deleteflag,$selfenroll,$context);
 }
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Revoke Role
 
 sub revokerole {
-    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$role)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$deleteflag,$selfenroll,$context)=@_;
     my $now=time;
-    return &assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$now);
+    return &assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$now,undef,$deleteflag,$selfenroll,$context);
 }
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Revoke Custom Role
 
 sub revokecustomrole {
-    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename)=@_;
+    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$deleteflag,$selfenroll,$context)=@_;
     my $now=time;
-    return &assigncustomrole($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$now);
+    return &assigncustomrole($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$now,
+           $deleteflag,$selfenroll,$context);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ Disk usage
+sub diskusage {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$directorypath,$getpropath)=@_;
+    $directorypath =~ s/\/$//;
+    my $listing=&reply('du2:'.&escape($directorypath).':'
+                       .&escape($getpropath).':'.&escape($uname).':'
+                       .&escape($udom),homeserver($uname,$udom));
+    if ($listing eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+        if ($getpropath) {
+            $directorypath = &propath($udom,$uname).'/'.$directorypath; 
+        }
+        $listing = &reply('du:'.$directorypath,homeserver($uname,$udom));
+    }
+    return $listing;
+}
+
+sub is_locked {
+    my ($file_name, $domain, $user, $which) = @_;
+    my @check;
+    my $is_locked;
+    push (@check,$file_name);
+    my %locked = &get('file_permissions',\@check,
+		      $env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'});
+    my ($tmp)=keys(%locked);
+    if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { undef(%locked); }
+    
+    if (ref($locked{$file_name}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        $is_locked = 'false';
+        foreach my $entry (@{$locked{$file_name}}) {
+           if (ref($entry) eq 'ARRAY') {
+               $is_locked = 'true';
+               if (ref($which) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                   push(@{$which},$entry);
+               } else {
+                   last;
+               }
+           }
+       }
+    } else {
+        $is_locked = 'false';
+    }
+    return $is_locked;
+}
+
+sub declutter_portfile {
+    my ($file) = @_;
+    $file =~ s{^(/portfolio/|portfolio/)}{/};
+    return $file;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------- Mark as Read Only
+
+sub mark_as_readonly {
+    my ($domain,$user,$files,$what) = @_;
+    my %current_permissions = &dump('file_permissions',$domain,$user);
+    my ($tmp)=keys(%current_permissions);
+    if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { undef(%current_permissions); }
+    foreach my $file (@{$files}) {
+	$file = &declutter_portfile($file);
+        push(@{$current_permissions{$file}},$what);
+    }
+    &put('file_permissions',\%current_permissions,$domain,$user);
+    return;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------Save Selected Files
+
+sub save_selected_files {
+    my ($user, $path, @files) = @_;
+    my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
+    my @other_files = &files_not_in_path($user, $path);
+    open (OUT,'>',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
+    foreach my $file (@files) {
+        print (OUT $env{'form.currentpath'}.$file."\n");
+    }
+    foreach my $file (@other_files) {
+        print (OUT $file."\n");
+    }
+    close (OUT);
+    return 'ok';
+}
+
+sub clear_selected_files {
+    my ($user) = @_;
+    my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
+    open (OUT,'>',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
+    print (OUT undef);
+    close (OUT);
+    return ("ok");    
+}
+
+sub files_in_path {
+    my ($user, $path) = @_;
+    my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
+    my %return_files;
+    open (IN,'<',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
+    while (my $line_in = <IN>) {
+        chomp ($line_in);
+        my @paths_and_file = split (m!/!, $line_in);
+        my $file_part = pop (@paths_and_file);
+        my $path_part = join ('/', @paths_and_file);
+        $path_part.='/';
+        my $path_and_file = $path_part.$file_part;
+        if ($path_part eq $path) {
+            $return_files{$file_part}= 'selected';
+        }
+    }
+    close (IN);
+    return (\%return_files);
+}
+
+# called in portfolio select mode, to show files selected NOT in current directory
+sub files_not_in_path {
+    my ($user, $path) = @_;
+    my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
+    my @return_files;
+    my $path_part;
+    open(IN, '<',LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
+    while (my $line = <IN>) {
+        #ok, I know it's clunky, but I want it to work
+        my @paths_and_file = split(m|/|, $line);
+        my $file_part = pop(@paths_and_file);
+        chomp($file_part);
+        my $path_part = join('/', @paths_and_file);
+        $path_part .= '/';
+        my $path_and_file = $path_part.$file_part;
+        if ($path_part ne $path) {
+            push(@return_files, ($path_and_file));
+        }
+    }
+    close(OUT);
+    return (@return_files);
+}
+
+#------------------------------Submitted/Handedback Portfolio Files Versioning
+ 
+sub portfiles_versioning {
+    my ($symb,$domain,$stu_name,$portfiles,$versioned_portfiles) = @_;
+    my $portfolio_root = '/userfiles/portfolio';
+    return unless ((ref($portfiles) eq 'ARRAY') && (ref($versioned_portfiles) eq 'ARRAY'));
+    foreach my $file (@{$portfiles}) {
+        &unmark_as_readonly($domain,$stu_name,[$symb,$env{'request.course.id'}],$file);
+        my ($directory,$answer_file) =($file =~ /^(.*?)([^\/]*)$/);
+        my ($answer_name,$answer_ver,$answer_ext) = &file_name_version_ext($answer_file);
+        my $getpropath = 1;
+        my ($dir_list,$listerror) = &dirlist($portfolio_root.$directory,$domain,
+                                             $stu_name,$getpropath);
+        my $version = &get_next_version($answer_name,$answer_ext,$dir_list);
+        my $new_answer = 
+            &version_selected_portfile($domain,$stu_name,$directory,$answer_file,$version);
+        if ($new_answer ne 'problem getting file') {
+            push(@{$versioned_portfiles}, $directory.$new_answer);
+            &mark_as_readonly($domain,$stu_name,[$directory.$new_answer],
+                              [$symb,$env{'request.course.id'},'graded']);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_next_version {
+    my ($answer_name, $answer_ext, $dir_list) = @_;
+    my $version;
+    if (ref($dir_list) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        foreach my $row (@{$dir_list}) {
+            my ($file) = split(/\&/,$row,2);
+            my ($file_name,$file_version,$file_ext) =
+                &file_name_version_ext($file);
+            if (($file_name eq $answer_name) &&
+                ($file_ext eq $answer_ext)) {
+                     # gets here if filename and extension match,
+                     # regardless of version
+                if ($file_version ne '') {
+                    # a versioned file is found  so save it for later
+                    if ($file_version > $version) {
+                        $version = $file_version;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    $version ++;
+    return($version);
+}
+
+sub version_selected_portfile {
+    my ($domain,$stu_name,$directory,$file_name,$version) = @_;
+    my ($answer_name,$answer_ver,$answer_ext) =
+        &file_name_version_ext($file_name);
+    my $new_answer;
+    $env{'form.copy'} =
+        &getfile("/uploaded/$domain/$stu_name/portfolio$directory$file_name");
+    if($env{'form.copy'} eq '-1') {
+        $new_answer = 'problem getting file';
+    } else {
+        $new_answer = $answer_name.'.'.$version.'.'.$answer_ext;
+        my $copy_result = 
+            &finishuserfileupload($stu_name,$domain,'copy',
+                                  '/portfolio'.$directory.$new_answer);
+    }
+    undef($env{'form.copy'});
+    return ($new_answer);
+}
+
+sub file_name_version_ext {
+    my ($file)=@_;
+    my @file_parts = split(/\./, $file);
+    my ($name,$version,$ext);
+    if (@file_parts > 1) {
+        $ext=pop(@file_parts);
+        if (@file_parts > 1 && $file_parts[-1] =~ /^\d+$/) {
+            $version=pop(@file_parts);
+        }
+        $name=join('.',@file_parts);
+    } else {
+        $name=join('.',@file_parts);
+    }
+    return($name,$version,$ext);
+}
+
+#----------------------------------------------Get portfolio file permissions
+
+sub get_portfile_permissions {
+    my ($domain,$user) = @_;
+    my %current_permissions = &dump('file_permissions',$domain,$user);
+    my ($tmp)=keys(%current_permissions);
+    if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { undef(%current_permissions); }
+    return \%current_permissions;
+}
+
+#---------------------------------------------Get portfolio file access controls
+
+sub get_access_controls {
+    my ($current_permissions,$group,$file) = @_;
+    my %access;
+    my $real_file = $file;
+    $file =~ s/\.meta$//;
+    if (defined($file)) {
+        if (ref($$current_permissions{$file."\0".'accesscontrol'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            foreach my $control (keys(%{$$current_permissions{$file."\0".'accesscontrol'}})) {
+                $access{$real_file}{$control} = $$current_permissions{$file."\0".$control};
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        foreach my $key (keys(%{$current_permissions})) {
+            if ($key =~ /\0accesscontrol$/) {
+                if (defined($group)) {
+                    if ($key !~ m-^\Q$group\E/-) {
+                        next;
+                    }
+                }
+                my ($fullpath) = split(/\0/,$key);
+                if (ref($$current_permissions{$key}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    foreach my $control (keys(%{$$current_permissions{$key}})) {
+                        $access{$fullpath}{$control}=$$current_permissions{$fullpath."\0".$control};
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %access;
+}
+
+sub modify_access_controls {
+    my ($file_name,$changes,$domain,$user)=@_;
+    my ($outcome,$deloutcome);
+    my %store_permissions;
+    my %new_values;
+    my %new_control;
+    my %translation;
+    my @deletions = ();
+    my $now = time;
+    if (exists($$changes{'activate'})) {
+        if (ref($$changes{'activate'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            my @newitems = sort(keys(%{$$changes{'activate'}}));
+            my $numnew = scalar(@newitems);
+            for (my $i=0; $i<$numnew; $i++) {
+                my $newkey = $newitems[$i];
+                my $newid = &Apache::loncommon::get_cgi_id();
+                if ($newkey =~ /^\d+:/) { 
+                    $newkey =~ s/^(\d+)/$newid/;
+                    $translation{$1} = $newid;
+                } elsif ($newkey =~ /^\d+_\d+_\d+:/) {
+                    $newkey =~ s/^(\d+_\d+_\d+)/$newid/;
+                    $translation{$1} = $newid;
+                }
+                $new_values{$file_name."\0".$newkey} = 
+                                          $$changes{'activate'}{$newitems[$i]};
+                $new_control{$newkey} = $now;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    my %todelete;
+    my %changed_items;
+    foreach my $action ('delete','update') {
+        if (exists($$changes{$action})) {
+            if (ref($$changes{$action}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $key (keys(%{$$changes{$action}})) {
+                    my ($itemnum) = ($key =~ /^([^:]+):/);
+                    if ($action eq 'delete') { 
+                        $todelete{$itemnum} = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        $changed_items{$itemnum} = $key;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    # get lock on access controls for file.
+    my $lockhash = {
+                  $file_name."\0".'locked_access_records' => $env{'user.name'}.
+                                                       ':'.$env{'user.domain'},
+                   }; 
+    my $tries = 0;
+    my $gotlock = &newput('file_permissions',$lockhash,$domain,$user);
+   
+    while (($gotlock ne 'ok') && $tries < 10) {
+        $tries ++;
+        sleep(0.1);
+        $gotlock = &newput('file_permissions',$lockhash,$domain,$user);
+    }
+    if ($gotlock eq 'ok') {
+        my %curr_permissions = &dump('file_permissions',$domain,$user,$file_name);
+        my ($tmp)=keys(%curr_permissions);
+        if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { undef(%curr_permissions); }
+        if (exists($curr_permissions{$file_name."\0".'accesscontrol'})) {
+            my $curr_controls = $curr_permissions{$file_name."\0".'accesscontrol'};
+            if (ref($curr_controls) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $control_item (keys(%{$curr_controls})) {
+                    my ($itemnum) = ($control_item =~ /^([^:]+):/);
+                    if (defined($todelete{$itemnum})) {
+                        push(@deletions,$file_name."\0".$control_item);
+                    } else {
+                        if (defined($changed_items{$itemnum})) {
+                            $new_control{$changed_items{$itemnum}} = $now;
+                            push(@deletions,$file_name."\0".$control_item);
+                            $new_values{$file_name."\0".$changed_items{$itemnum}} = $$changes{'update'}{$changed_items{$itemnum}};
+                        } else {
+                            $new_control{$control_item} = $$curr_controls{$control_item};
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        my ($group);
+        if (&is_course($domain,$user)) {
+            ($group,my $file) = split(/\//,$file_name,2);
+        }
+        $deloutcome = &del('file_permissions',\@deletions,$domain,$user);
+        $new_values{$file_name."\0".'accesscontrol'} = \%new_control;
+        $outcome = &put('file_permissions',\%new_values,$domain,$user);
+        #  remove lock
+        my @del_lock = ($file_name."\0".'locked_access_records');
+        my $dellockoutcome = &del('file_permissions',\@del_lock,$domain,$user);
+        my $sqlresult =
+            &update_portfolio_table($user,$domain,$file_name,'portfolio_access',
+                                    $group);
+    } else {
+        $outcome = "error: could not obtain lockfile\n";  
+    }
+    return ($outcome,$deloutcome,\%new_values,\%translation);
+}
+
+sub make_public_indefinitely {
+    my (@requrl) = @_;
+    return &automated_portfile_access('public',\@requrl);
+}
+
+sub automated_portfile_access {
+    my ($accesstype,$addsref,$delsref,$info) = @_;
+    unless (($accesstype eq 'public') || ($accesstype eq 'ip')) {
+        return 'invalid';
+    }
+    my %urls;
+    if (ref($addsref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        foreach my $requrl (@{$addsref}) {
+            if (&is_portfolio_url($requrl)) {
+                unless (exists($urls{$requrl})) {
+                    $urls{$requrl} = 'add';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($delsref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        foreach my $requrl (@{$delsref}) { 
+            if (&is_portfolio_url($requrl)) {
+                unless (exists($urls{$requrl})) {
+                    $urls{$requrl} = 'delete'; 
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unless (keys(%urls)) {
+        return 'invalid';
+    }
+    my $ip;
+    if ($accesstype eq 'ip') {
+        if (ref($info) eq 'HASH') {
+            if ($info->{'ip'} ne '') {
+                $ip = $info->{'ip'};
+            }
+        }
+        if ($ip eq '') {
+            return 'invalid';
+        }
+    }
+    my $errors;
+    my $now = time;
+    my %current_perms;
+    foreach my $requrl (sort(keys(%urls))) {
+        my $action;
+        if ($urls{$requrl} eq 'add') {
+            $action = 'activate';
+        } else {
+            $action = 'none';
+        }
+        my $aclnum = 0;
+        my (undef,$udom,$unum,$file_name,$group) =
+            &parse_portfolio_url($requrl);
+        unless (exists($current_perms{$unum.':'.$udom})) {
+            $current_perms{$unum.':'.$udom} = &get_portfile_permissions($udom,$unum);
+        }
+        my %access_controls = &get_access_controls($current_perms{$unum.':'.$udom},
+                                                   $group,$file_name);
+        foreach my $key (keys(%{$access_controls{$file_name}})) {
+            my ($num,$scope,$end,$start) = 
+                ($key =~ /^([^:]+):([a-z]+)_(\d*)_?(\d*)$/);
+            if ($scope eq $accesstype) {
+                if (($start <= $now) && ($end == 0)) {
+                    if ($accesstype eq 'ip') {
+                        if (ref($access_controls{$file_name}{$key}) eq 'HASH') {
+                            if (ref($access_controls{$file_name}{$key}{'ip'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                if (grep(/^\Q$ip\E$/,@{$access_controls{$file_name}{$key}{'ip'}})) {
+                                    if ($urls{$requrl} eq 'add') {
+                                        $action = 'none';
+                                        last;
+                                    } else {
+                                        $action = 'delete';
+                                        $aclnum = $num;
+                                        last;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } elsif ($accesstype eq 'public') {
+                        if ($urls{$requrl} eq 'add') {
+                            $action = 'none';
+                            last;
+                        } else {
+                            $action = 'delete';
+                            $aclnum = $num;
+                            last;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif ($accesstype eq 'public') {
+                    $action = 'update';
+                    $aclnum = $num;
+                    last;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if ($action eq 'none') {
+            next;
+        } else {
+            my %changes;
+            my $newend = 0;
+            my $newstart = $now;
+            my $newkey = $aclnum.':'.$accesstype.'_'.$newend.'_'.$newstart;
+            $changes{$action}{$newkey} = {
+                type => $accesstype,
+                time => {
+                    start => $newstart,
+                    end   => $newend,
+                },
+            };
+            if ($accesstype eq 'ip') {
+                $changes{$action}{$newkey}{'ip'} = [$ip];
+            }
+            my ($outcome,$deloutcome,$new_values,$translation) =
+                &modify_access_controls($file_name,\%changes,$udom,$unum);
+            unless ($outcome eq 'ok') {
+                $errors .= $outcome.' ';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($errors) {
+        $errors =~ s/\s$//;
+        return $errors;
+    } else {
+        return 'ok';
+    }
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------Get Marked as Read Only
+
+sub get_marked_as_readonly {
+    my ($domain,$user,$what,$group) = @_;
+    my $current_permissions = &get_portfile_permissions($domain,$user);
+    my @readonly_files;
+    my $cmp1=$what;
+    if (ref($what)) { $cmp1=join('',@{$what}) };
+    while (my ($file_name,$value) = each(%{$current_permissions})) {
+        if (defined($group)) {
+            if ($file_name !~ m-^\Q$group\E/-) {
+                next;
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($value) eq "ARRAY"){
+            foreach my $stored_what (@{$value}) {
+                my $cmp2=$stored_what;
+                if (ref($stored_what) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    $cmp2=join('',@{$stored_what});
+                }
+                if ($cmp1 eq $cmp2) {
+                    push(@readonly_files, $file_name);
+                    last;
+                } elsif (!defined($what)) {
+                    push(@readonly_files, $file_name);
+                    last;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return @readonly_files;
+}
+#-----------------------------------------------------------Get Marked as Read Only Hash
+
+sub get_marked_as_readonly_hash {
+    my ($current_permissions,$group,$what) = @_;
+    my %readonly_files;
+    while (my ($file_name,$value) = each(%{$current_permissions})) {
+        if (defined($group)) {
+            if ($file_name !~ m-^\Q$group\E/-) {
+                next;
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($value) eq "ARRAY"){
+            foreach my $stored_what (@{$value}) {
+                if (ref($stored_what) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    foreach my $lock_descriptor(@{$stored_what}) {
+                        if ($lock_descriptor eq 'graded') {
+                            $readonly_files{$file_name} = 'graded';
+                        } elsif ($lock_descriptor eq 'handback') {
+                            $readonly_files{$file_name} = 'handback';
+                        } else {
+                            if (!exists($readonly_files{$file_name})) {
+                                $readonly_files{$file_name} = 'locked';
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                } 
+            }
+        } 
+    }
+    return %readonly_files;
+}
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ Unmark as Read Only
+
+sub unmark_as_readonly {
+    # unmarks $file_name (if $file_name is defined), or all files locked by $what 
+    # for portfolio submissions, $what contains [$symb,$crsid] 
+    my ($domain,$user,$what,$file_name,$group) = @_;
+    $file_name = &declutter_portfile($file_name);
+    my $symb_crs = $what;
+    if (ref($what)) { $symb_crs=join('',@$what); }
+    my %current_permissions = &dump('file_permissions',$domain,$user,$group);
+    my ($tmp)=keys(%current_permissions);
+    if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { undef(%current_permissions); }
+    my @readonly_files = &get_marked_as_readonly($domain,$user,$what,$group);
+    foreach my $file (@readonly_files) {
+	my $clean_file = &declutter_portfile($file);
+	if (defined($file_name) && ($file_name ne $clean_file)) { next; }
+	my $current_locks = $current_permissions{$file};
+        my @new_locks;
+        my @del_keys;
+        if (ref($current_locks) eq "ARRAY"){
+            foreach my $locker (@{$current_locks}) {
+                my $compare=$locker;
+                if (ref($locker) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                    $compare=join('',@{$locker});
+                    if ($compare ne $symb_crs) {
+                        push(@new_locks, $locker);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (scalar(@new_locks) > 0) {
+                $current_permissions{$file} = \@new_locks;
+            } else {
+                push(@del_keys, $file);
+                &del('file_permissions',\@del_keys, $domain, $user);
+                delete($current_permissions{$file});
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    &put('file_permissions',\%current_permissions,$domain,$user);
+    return;
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Directory lister
 
 sub dirlist {
-    my ($uri,$userdomain,$username,$alternateDirectoryRoot)=@_;
-
+    my ($uri,$userdomain,$username,$getpropath,$getuserdir,$alternateRoot)=@_;
     $uri=~s/^\///;
     $uri=~s/\/$//;
     my ($udom, $uname);
-    (undef,$udom,$uname)=split(/\//,$uri);
-    if(defined($userdomain)) {
+    if ($getuserdir) {
         $udom = $userdomain;
-    }
-    if(defined($username)) {
         $uname = $username;
+    } else {
+        (undef,$udom,$uname)=split(/\//,$uri);
+        if(defined($userdomain)) {
+            $udom = $userdomain;
+        }
+        if(defined($username)) {
+            $uname = $username;
+        }
     }
+    my ($dirRoot,$listing,@listing_results);
 
-    my $dirRoot = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
-    if(defined($alternateDirectoryRoot)) {
-        $dirRoot = $alternateDirectoryRoot;
+    $dirRoot = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
+    if (defined($getpropath)) {
+        $dirRoot = &propath($udom,$uname);
         $dirRoot =~ s/\/$//;
+    } elsif (defined($getuserdir)) {
+        my $subdir=$uname.'__';
+        $subdir =~ s/(.)(.)(.).*/$1\/$2\/$3/;
+        $dirRoot = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}
+                   ."/$udom/$subdir/$uname";
+    } elsif (defined($alternateRoot)) {
+        $dirRoot = $alternateRoot;
     }
 
     if($udom) {
         if($uname) {
-            my $listing=reply('ls:'.$dirRoot.'/'.$uri,
-                              homeserver($uname,$udom));
-            return split(/:/,$listing);
-        } elsif(!defined($alternateDirectoryRoot)) {
-            my $tryserver;
-            my %allusers=();
-            foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
-                if($hostdom{$tryserver} eq $udom) {
-                    my $listing=reply('ls:'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.
-                                      $udom, $tryserver);
-                    if (($listing ne 'no_such_dir') && ($listing ne 'empty')
-                        && ($listing ne 'con_lost')) {
-                        foreach (split(/:/,$listing)) {
-                            my ($entry,@stat)=split(/&/,$_);
-                            $allusers{$entry}=1;
-                        }
-                    }
+            my $uhome = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+            if ($uhome eq 'no_host') {
+                return ([],'no_host');
+            }
+            $listing = &reply('ls3:'.&escape('/'.$uri).':'.$getpropath.':'
+                              .$getuserdir.':'.&escape($dirRoot)
+                              .':'.&escape($uname).':'.&escape($udom),$uhome);
+            if ($listing eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+                $listing = &reply('ls2:'.$dirRoot.'/'.$uri,$uhome);
+            } else {
+                @listing_results = map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$listing);
+            }
+            if ($listing eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+                $listing = &reply('ls:'.$dirRoot.'/'.$uri,$uhome);
+                @listing_results = split(/:/,$listing);
+            } else {
+                @listing_results = map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$listing);
+            }
+            if (($listing eq 'no_such_host') || ($listing eq 'con_lost') || 
+                ($listing eq 'rejected') || ($listing eq 'refused') ||
+                ($listing eq 'no_such_dir') || ($listing eq 'empty')) {
+                return ([],$listing);
+            } else {
+                return (\@listing_results);
+            }
+        } elsif(!$alternateRoot) {
+            my (%allusers,%listerror);
+	    my %servers = &get_servers($udom,'library');
+ 	    foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
+                $listing = &reply('ls3:'.&escape("/res/$udom").':::::'.
+                                  &escape($udom),$tryserver);
+                if ($listing eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+		    $listing = &reply('ls2:'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.
+				      $udom, $tryserver);
+                } else {
+                    @listing_results = map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$listing);
                 }
+		if ($listing eq 'unknown_cmd') {
+		    $listing = &reply('ls:'.$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.
+				      $udom, $tryserver);
+		    @listing_results = split(/:/,$listing);
+		} else {
+		    @listing_results =
+			map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$listing);
+		}
+                if (($listing eq 'no_such_host') || ($listing eq 'con_lost') ||
+                    ($listing eq 'rejected') || ($listing eq 'refused') ||
+                    ($listing eq 'no_such_dir') || ($listing eq 'empty')) {
+                    $listerror{$tryserver} = $listing;
+                } else {
+		    foreach my $line (@listing_results) {
+			my ($entry) = split(/&/,$line,2);
+			$allusers{$entry} = 1;
+		    }
+		}
+            }
+            my @alluserslist=();
+            foreach my $user (sort(keys(%allusers))) {
+                push(@alluserslist,$user.'&user');
+            }
+
+            if (!%listerror) {
+                # no errors
+                return (\@alluserslist);
+            } elsif (scalar(keys(%servers)) == 1) {
+                # one library server, one error 
+                my ($key) = keys(%listerror);
+                return (\@alluserslist, $listerror{$key});
+            } elsif ( grep { $_ eq 'con_lost' } values(%listerror) ) {
+                # con_lost indicates that we might miss data from at least one
+                # library server
+                return (\@alluserslist, 'con_lost');
+            } else {
+                # multiple library servers and no con_lost -> data should be
+                # complete. 
+                return (\@alluserslist);
             }
-            my $alluserstr='';
-            foreach (sort keys %allusers) {
-                $alluserstr.=$_.'&user:';
-            }
-            $alluserstr=~s/:$//;
-            return split(/:/,$alluserstr);
-        } else {
-            my @emptyResults = ();
-            push(@emptyResults, 'missing user name');
-            return split(':',@emptyResults);
-        }
-    } elsif(!defined($alternateDirectoryRoot)) {
-        my $tryserver;
-        my %alldom=();
-        foreach $tryserver (keys %libserv) {
-            $alldom{$hostdom{$tryserver}}=1;
-        }
-        my $alldomstr='';
-        foreach (sort keys %alldom) {
-            $alldomstr.=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.$_.'&domain:';
-        }
-        $alldomstr=~s/:$//;
-        return split(/:/,$alldomstr);       
-    } else {
-        my @emptyResults = ();
-        push(@emptyResults, 'missing domain');
-        return split(':',@emptyResults);
+
+        } else {
+            return ([],'missing username');
+        }
+    } elsif(!defined($getpropath)) {
+        my $path = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'; 
+        my @all_domains = map { $path.$_.'/&domain'; } (sort(&all_domains()));
+        return (\@all_domains);
+    } else {
+        return ([],'missing domain');
     }
 }
 
@@ -2496,72 +10839,245 @@ sub dirlist {
 # if an error occurs
 
 sub GetFileTimestamp {
-    my ($studentDomain,$studentName,$filename,$root)=@_;
-    $studentDomain=~s/\W//g;
-    $studentName=~s/\W//g;
-    my $subdir=$studentName.'__';
-    $subdir =~ s/(.)(.)(.).*/$1\/$2\/$3/;
-    my $proname="$studentDomain/$subdir/$studentName";
-    $proname .= '/'.$filename;
-    my @dir = &Apache::lonnet::dirlist($proname, $studentDomain, $studentName,
-                                       $root);
-    my $fileStat = $dir[0];
-    my @stats = split('&', $fileStat);
-    if($stats[0] ne 'empty' && $stats[0] ne 'no_such_dir') {
-        return $stats[9];
+    my ($studentDomain,$studentName,$filename,$getuserdir)=@_;
+    $studentDomain = &LONCAPA::clean_domain($studentDomain);
+    $studentName   = &LONCAPA::clean_username($studentName);
+    my ($fileref,$error) = &dirlist($filename,$studentDomain,$studentName,
+                                    undef,$getuserdir);
+    if (($error eq 'empty') || ($error eq 'no_such_dir')) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (ref($fileref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        my @stats = split('&',$fileref->[0]);
+        # @stats contains first the filename, then the stat output
+        return $stats[10]; # so this is 10 instead of 9.
     } else {
         return -1;
     }
 }
 
+sub stat_file {
+    my ($uri) = @_;
+    $uri = &clutter_with_no_wrapper($uri);
+
+    my ($udom,$uname,$file);
+    if ($uri =~ m-^/(uploaded|editupload)/-) {
+	($udom,$uname,$file) =
+	    ($uri =~ m-/(?:uploaded|editupload)/?($match_domain)/?($match_name)/?(.*)-);
+	$file = 'userfiles/'.$file;
+    }
+    if ($uri =~ m-^/res/-) {
+	($udom,$uname) = 
+	    ($uri =~ m-/(?:res)/?($match_domain)/?($match_username)/-);
+	$file = $uri;
+    }
+
+    if (!$udom || !$uname || !$file) {
+	# unable to handle the uri
+	return ();
+    }
+    my $getpropath;
+    if ($file =~ /^userfiles\//) {
+        $getpropath = 1;
+    }
+    my ($listref,$error) = &dirlist($file,$udom,$uname,$getpropath);
+    if (($error eq 'empty') || ($error eq 'no_such_dir')) {
+        return ();
+    } else {
+        if (ref($listref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            my @stats = split('&',$listref->[0]);
+	    shift(@stats); #filename is first
+	    return @stats;
+        }
+    }
+    return ();
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------- recursedirs
+# Recursive function to traverse either a specific user's Authoring Space
+# or corresponding Published Resource Space, and populate the hash ref:
+# $dirhashref with URLs of all directories, and if $filehashref hash
+# ref arg is provided, the URLs of any files, excluding versioned, .meta,
+# or .rights files in resource space, and .meta, .save, .log, and .bak
+# files in Authoring Space.
+#
+# Inputs:
+#
+# $is_home - true if current server is home server for user's space
+# $context - either: priv, or res respectively for Authoring or Resource Space.
+# $docroot - Document root (i.e., /home/httpd/html
+# $toppath - Top level directory (i.e., /res/$dom/$uname or /priv/$dom/$uname
+# $relpath - Current path (relative to top level).
+# $dirhashref - reference to hash to populate with URLs of directories (Required)
+# $filehashref - reference to hash to populate with URLs of files (Optional)
+#
+# Returns: nothing
+#
+# Side Effects: populates $dirhashref, and $filehashref (if provided).
+#
+# Currently used by interface/londocs.pm to create linked select boxes for
+# directory and filename to import a Course "Author" resource into a course, and
+# also to create linked select boxes for Authoring Space and Directory to choose
+# save location for creation of a new "standard" problem from the Course Editor.
+#
+
+sub recursedirs {
+    my ($is_home,$context,$docroot,$toppath,$relpath,$dirhashref,$filehashref) = @_;
+    return unless (ref($dirhashref) eq 'HASH');
+    my $currpath = $docroot.$toppath;
+    if ($relpath) {
+        $currpath .= "/$relpath";
+    }
+    my $savefile;
+    if (ref($filehashref)) {
+        $savefile = 1;
+    }
+    if ($is_home) {
+        if (opendir(my $dirh,$currpath)) {
+            foreach my $item (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } grep(!/^\.+$/,readdir($dirh))) {
+                next if ($item eq '');
+                if (-d "$currpath/$item") {
+                    my $newpath;
+                    if ($relpath) {
+                        $newpath = "$relpath/$item";
+                    } else {
+                        $newpath = $item;
+                    }
+                    $dirhashref->{&Apache::lonlocal::js_escape($newpath)} = 1;
+                    &recursedirs($is_home,$context,$docroot,$toppath,$newpath,$dirhashref,$filehashref);
+                } elsif ($savefile) {
+                    if ($context eq 'priv') {
+                        unless ($item =~ /\.(meta|save|log|bak|DS_Store)$/) {
+                            $filehashref->{&Apache::lonlocal::js_escape($relpath)}{$item} = 1;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        unless (($item =~ /\.meta$/) || ($item =~ /\.\d+\.\w+$/) || ($item =~ /\.rights$/)) {
+                            $filehashref->{&Apache::lonlocal::js_escape($relpath)}{$item} = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            closedir($dirh);
+        }
+    } else {
+        my ($dirlistref,$listerror) =
+            &dirlist($toppath.$relpath);
+        my @dir_lines;
+        my $dirptr=16384;
+        if (ref($dirlistref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            foreach my $dir_line (sort
+                              {
+                                  my ($afile)=split('&',$a,2);
+                                  my ($bfile)=split('&',$b,2);
+                                  return (lc($afile) cmp lc($bfile));
+                              } (@{$dirlistref})) {
+                my ($item,$dom,undef,$testdir,undef,undef,undef,undef,$size,undef,$mtime,undef,undef,undef,$obs,undef) =
+                    split(/\&/,$dir_line,16);
+                $item =~ s/\s+$//;
+                next if (($item =~ /^\.\.?$/) || ($obs));
+                if ($dirptr&$testdir) {
+                    my $newpath;
+                    if ($relpath) {
+                        $newpath = "$relpath/$item";
+                    } else {
+                        $relpath = '/';
+                        $newpath = $item;
+                    }
+                    $dirhashref->{&Apache::lonlocal::js_escape($newpath)} = 1;
+                    &recursedirs($is_home,$context,$docroot,$toppath,$newpath,$dirhashref,$filehashref);
+                } elsif ($savefile) {
+                    if ($context eq 'priv') {
+                        unless ($item =~ /\.(meta|save|log|bak|DS_Store)$/) {
+                            $filehashref->{$relpath}{$item} = 1;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        unless (($item =~ /\.meta$/) || ($item =~ /\.\d+\.\w+$/)) {
+                            $filehashref->{$relpath}{$item} = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------- Value of a Condition
 
+# gets the value of a specific preevaluated condition
+#    stored in the string  $env{user.state.<cid>}
+# or looks up a condition reference in the bighash and if if hasn't
+# already been evaluated recurses into docondval to get the value of
+# the condition, then memoizing it to 
+#   $env{user.state.<cid>.<condition>}
 sub directcondval {
     my $number=shift;
-    if ($ENV{'user.state.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}}) {
-       return substr($ENV{'user.state.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}},$number,1);
+    if (!defined($env{'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}})) {
+	&Apache::lonuserstate::evalstate();
+    }
+    if (exists($env{'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.".$number"})) {
+	return $env{'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.".$number"};
+    } elsif ($number =~ /^_/) {
+	my $sub_condition;
+	if (tie(my %bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+		&GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+	    $sub_condition=$bighash{'conditions'.$number};
+	    untie(%bighash);
+	}
+	my $value = &docondval($sub_condition);
+	&appenv({'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.".$number" => $value});
+	return $value;
+    }
+    if ($env{'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}}) {
+       return substr($env{'user.state.'.$env{'request.course.id'}},$number,1);
     } else {
        return 2;
     }
 }
 
+# get the collection of conditions for this resource
 sub condval {
     my $condidx=shift;
-    my $result=0;
     my $allpathcond='';
-    foreach (split(/\|/,$condidx)) {
-       if (defined($ENV{'acc.cond.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$_})) {
-	   $allpathcond.=
-               '('.$ENV{'acc.cond.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$_}.')|';
-       }
+    foreach my $cond (split(/\|/,$condidx)) {
+	if (defined($env{'acc.cond.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$cond})) {
+	    $allpathcond.=
+		'('.$env{'acc.cond.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$cond}.')|';
+	}
     }
     $allpathcond=~s/\|$//;
-    if ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
-       if ($allpathcond) {
-          my $operand='|';
-	  my @stack;
-           foreach ($allpathcond=~/(\d+|\(|\)|\&|\|)/g) {
-              if ($_ eq '(') {
-                 push @stack,($operand,$result)
-              } elsif ($_ eq ')') {
-                  my $before=pop @stack;
-		  if (pop @stack eq '&') {
-		      $result=$result>$before?$before:$result;
-                  } else {
-                      $result=$result>$before?$result:$before;
-                  }
-              } elsif (($_ eq '&') || ($_ eq '|')) {
-                  $operand=$_;
-              } else {
-                  my $new=directcondval($_);
-                  if ($operand eq '&') {
-                     $result=$result>$new?$new:$result;
-                  } else {
-                     $result=$result>$new?$result:$new;
-                  }
-              }
-          }
-       }
+    return &docondval($allpathcond);
+}
+
+#evaluates an expression of conditions
+sub docondval {
+    my ($allpathcond) = @_;
+    my $result=0;
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'}
+	&& defined($allpathcond)) {
+	my $operand='|';
+	my @stack;
+	foreach my $chunk ($allpathcond=~/(\d+|_\d+\.\d+|\(|\)|\&|\|)/g) {
+	    if ($chunk eq '(') {
+		push @stack,($operand,$result);
+	    } elsif ($chunk eq ')') {
+		my $before=pop @stack;
+		if (pop @stack eq '&') {
+		    $result=$result>$before?$before:$result;
+		} else {
+		    $result=$result>$before?$result:$before;
+		}
+	    } elsif (($chunk eq '&') || ($chunk eq '|')) {
+		$operand=$chunk;
+	    } else {
+		my $new=directcondval($chunk);
+		if ($operand eq '&') {
+		    $result=$result>$new?$new:$result;
+		} else {
+		    $result=$result>$new?$result:$new;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
     }
     return $result;
 }
@@ -2571,60 +11087,249 @@ sub condval {
 sub devalidatecourseresdata {
     my ($coursenum,$coursedomain)=@_;
     my $hashid=$coursenum.':'.$coursedomain;
-    delete $courseresdatacache{$hashid.'.time'};
+    &devalidate_cache_new('courseres',$hashid);
 }
 
+
 # --------------------------------------------------- Course Resourcedata Query
+#
+#  Parameters:
+#      $coursenum    - Number of the course.
+#      $coursedomain - Domain at which the course was created.
+#  Returns:
+#     A hash of the course parameters along (I think) with timestamps
+#     and version info.
 
-sub courseresdata {
-    my ($coursenum,$coursedomain,@which)=@_;
+sub get_courseresdata {
+    my ($coursenum,$coursedomain)=@_;
     my $coursehom=&homeserver($coursenum,$coursedomain);
     my $hashid=$coursenum.':'.$coursedomain;
-    my $dodump=0;
-    if (!defined($courseresdatacache{$hashid.'.time'})) {
-	$dodump=1;
-    } else {
-	if (time-$courseresdatacache{$hashid.'.time'}>300) { $dodump=1; }
-    }
-    if ($dodump) {
-	my %dumpreply=&dump('resourcedata',$coursedomain,$coursenum);
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('courseres',$hashid);
+    my %dumpreply;
+    unless (defined($cached)) {
+	%dumpreply=&dump('resourcedata',$coursedomain,$coursenum);
+	$result=\%dumpreply;
 	my ($tmp) = keys(%dumpreply);
 	if ($tmp !~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) {
-	    $courseresdatacache{$hashid.'.time'}=time;
-	    $courseresdatacache{$hashid}=\%dumpreply;
+	    &do_cache_new('courseres',$hashid,$result,600);
+	} elsif ($tmp =~ /^(con_lost|no_such_host)/) {
+	    return $tmp;
+	} elsif ($tmp =~ /^(error)/) {
+	    $result=undef;
+	    &do_cache_new('courseres',$hashid,$result,600);
 	}
     }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub devalidateuserresdata {
+    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
+    my $hashid="$udom:$uname";
+    &devalidate_cache_new('userres',$hashid);
+}
+
+sub get_userresdata {
+    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
+    #most student don\'t have any data set, check if there is some data
+    if (&EXT_cache_status($udom,$uname)) { return undef; }
+
+    my $hashid="$udom:$uname";
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('userres',$hashid);
+    if (!defined($cached)) {
+	my %resourcedata=&dump('resourcedata',$udom,$uname);
+	$result=\%resourcedata;
+	&do_cache_new('userres',$hashid,$result,600);
+    }
+    my ($tmp)=keys(%$result);
+    if (($tmp!~/^error\:/) && ($tmp!~/^con_lost/)) {
+	return $result;
+    }
+    #error 2 occurs when the .db doesn't exist
+    if ($tmp!~/error: 2 /) {
+        if ((!defined($cached)) || ($tmp ne 'con_lost')) {
+	    &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING:".
+		     " Trying to get resource data for ".
+		     $uname." at ".$udom.": ".
+		     $tmp."</font>");
+        }
+    } elsif ($tmp=~/error: 2 /) {
+	#&EXT_cache_set($udom,$uname);
+	&do_cache_new('userres',$hashid,undef,600);
+	undef($tmp); # not really an error so don't send it back
+    }
+    return $tmp;
+}
+#----------------------------------------------- resdata - return resource data
+#  Purpose:
+#    Return resource data for either users or for a course.
+#  Parameters:
+#     $name      - Course/user name.
+#     $domain    - Name of the domain the user/course is registered on.
+#     $type      - Type of thing $name is (must be 'course' or 'user')
+#     $mapp      - decluttered URL of enclosing map  
+#     $recursed  - Ref to scalar -- set to 1, if nested maps have been recursed.
+#     $recurseup - Ref to array of map URLs, starting with map containing
+#                  $mapp up through hierarchy of nested maps to top level map.  
+#     $courseid  - CourseID (first part of param identifier).
+#     $modifier  - Middle part of param identifier.
+#     $what      - Last part of param identifier.
+#     @which     - Array of names of resources desired.
+#  Returns:
+#     The value of the first reasource in @which that is found in the
+#     resource hash.
+#  Exceptional Conditions:
+#     If the $type passed in is not valid (not the string 'course' or 
+#     'user', an undefined  reference is returned.
+#     If none of the resources are found, an undef is returned
+sub resdata {
+    my ($name,$domain,$type,$mapp,$recursed,$recurseup,$courseid,
+        $modifier,$what,@which)=@_;
+    my $result;
+    if ($type eq 'course') {
+	$result=&get_courseresdata($name,$domain);
+    } elsif ($type eq 'user') {
+	$result=&get_userresdata($name,$domain);
+    }
+    if (!ref($result)) { return $result; }    
     foreach my $item (@which) {
-	if (defined($courseresdatacache{$hashid}->{$item})) {
-	    return $courseresdatacache{$hashid}->{$item};
+        if ($item->[1] eq 'course') {
+            if ((ref($recurseup) eq 'ARRAY') && (ref($recursed) eq 'SCALAR')) {
+                unless ($$recursed) {
+                    @{$recurseup} = &get_map_hierarchy($mapp,$courseid);
+                    $$recursed = 1;
+                }
+                foreach my $item (@${recurseup}) {
+                    my $norecursechk=$courseid.$modifier.$item.'___(all).'.$what;
+                    last if (defined($result->{$norecursechk}));
+                    my $recursechk=$courseid.$modifier.$item.'___(rec).'.$what;
+                    if (defined($result->{$recursechk})) { return [$result->{$recursechk},'map']; }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (defined($result->{$item->[0]})) {
+	    return [$result->{$item->[0]},$item->[1]];
 	}
     }
     return undef;
 }
 
-# --------------------------------------------------------- Value of a Variable
+sub get_domain_lti {
+    my ($cdom,$context) = @_;
+    my ($name,%lti);
+    if ($context eq 'consumer') {
+        $name = 'ltitools';
+    } elsif ($context eq 'provider') {
+        $name = 'lti';
+    } else {
+        return %lti;
+    }
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new($name,$cdom);
+    if (defined($cached)) {
+        if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+            %lti = %{$result};
+        }
+    } else {
+        my %domconfig = &get_dom('configuration',[$name],$cdom);
+        if (ref($domconfig{$name}) eq 'HASH') {
+            %lti = %{$domconfig{$name}};
+            my %encdomconfig = &get_dom('encconfig',[$name],$cdom);
+            if (ref($encdomconfig{$name}) eq 'HASH') {
+                foreach my $id (keys(%lti)) {
+                    if (ref($encdomconfig{$name}{$id}) eq 'HASH') {
+                        foreach my $item ('key','secret') {
+                            $lti{$id}{$item} = $encdomconfig{$name}{$id}{$item};
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        my $cachetime = 24*60*60;
+        &do_cache_new($name,$cdom,\%lti,$cachetime);
+    }
+    return %lti;
+}
 
+sub get_numsuppfiles {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$ignorecache)=@_;
+    my $hashid=$cnum.':'.$cdom;
+    my ($suppcount,$cached);
+    unless ($ignorecache) {
+        ($suppcount,$cached) = &is_cached_new('suppcount',$hashid);
+    }
+    unless (defined($cached)) {
+        my $chome=&homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+        unless ($chome eq 'no_host') {
+            ($suppcount,my $supptools,my $errors) = (0,0,0);
+            my $suppmap = 'supplemental.sequence';
+            ($suppcount,$supptools,$errors) =
+                &Apache::loncommon::recurse_supplemental($cnum,$cdom,$suppmap,$suppcount,
+                                                         $supptools,$errors);
+        }
+        &do_cache_new('suppcount',$hashid,$suppcount,600);
+    }
+    return $suppcount;
+}
+
+#
+# EXT resource caching routines
+#
+
+{
+# Cache (5 seconds) of map hierarchy for speedup of navmaps display
+#
+# The course for which we cache
+my $cachedmapkey='';
+# The cached recursive maps for this course
+my %cachedmaps=();
+# When this was last done
+my $cachedmaptime='';
+
+sub clear_EXT_cache_status {
+    &delenv('cache.EXT.');
+}
+
+sub EXT_cache_status {
+    my ($target_domain,$target_user) = @_;
+    my $cachename = 'cache.EXT.'.$target_user.'.'.$target_domain;
+    if (exists($env{$cachename}) && ($env{$cachename}+600) > time) {
+        # We know already the user has no data
+        return 1;
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+sub EXT_cache_set {
+    my ($target_domain,$target_user) = @_;
+    my $cachename = 'cache.EXT.'.$target_user.'.'.$target_domain;
+    #&appenv({$cachename => time});
+}
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------- Value of a Variable
 sub EXT {
-    my ($varname,$symbparm,$udom,$uname,)=@_;
 
+    my ($varname,$symbparm,$udom,$uname,$usection,$recurse,$cid)=@_;
     unless ($varname) { return ''; }
-
     #get real user name/domain, courseid and symb
     my $courseid;
+    my $publicuser;
+    if ($symbparm) {
+	$symbparm=&get_symb_from_alias($symbparm);
+    }
     if (!($uname && $udom)) {
-      (my $cursymb,$courseid,$udom,$uname)=&Apache::lonxml::whichuser();
+      (my $cursymb,$courseid,$udom,$uname,$publicuser)= &whichuser($symbparm);
       if (!$symbparm) {	$symbparm=$cursymb; }
     } else {
-	$courseid=$ENV{'request.course.id'};
+	$courseid=$env{'request.course.id'};
     }
-
     my ($realm,$space,$qualifier,@therest)=split(/\./,$varname);
     my $rest;
-    if ($therest[0]) {
+    if (defined($therest[0])) {
        $rest=join('.',@therest);
     } else {
        $rest='';
     }
+
     my $qualifierrest=$qualifier;
     if ($rest) { $qualifierrest.='.'.$rest; }
     my $spacequalifierrest=$space;
@@ -2632,29 +11337,51 @@ sub EXT {
     if ($realm eq 'user') {
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- user.resource
 	if ($space eq 'resource') {
-	    my %restored=&restore(undef,undef,$udom,$uname);
-            return $restored{$qualifierrest};
+	    if ( (defined($Apache::lonhomework::parsing_a_problem)
+		  || defined($Apache::lonhomework::parsing_a_task))
+		 &&
+		 ($symbparm eq &symbread()) ) {	
+		# if we are in the middle of processing the resource the
+		# get the value we are planning on committing
+                if (defined($Apache::lonhomework::results{$qualifierrest})) {
+                    return $Apache::lonhomework::results{$qualifierrest};
+                } else {
+                    return $Apache::lonhomework::history{$qualifierrest};
+                }
+	    } else {
+		my %restored;
+		if ($publicuser || $env{'request.state'} eq 'construct') {
+		    %restored=&tmprestore($symbparm,$courseid,$udom,$uname);
+		} else {
+		    %restored=&restore($symbparm,$courseid,$udom,$uname);
+		}
+		return $restored{$qualifierrest};
+	    }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- user.access
         } elsif ($space eq 'access') {
 	    # FIXME - not supporting calls for a specific user
             return &allowed($qualifier,$rest);
 # ------------------------------------------ user.preferences, user.environment
         } elsif (($space eq 'preferences') || ($space eq 'environment')) {
-	    if (($uname eq $ENV{'user.name'}) &&
-		($udom eq $ENV{'user.domain'})) {
-		return $ENV{join('.',('environment',$qualifierrest))};
+	    if (($uname eq $env{'user.name'}) &&
+		($udom eq $env{'user.domain'})) {
+		return $env{join('.',('environment',$qualifierrest))};
 	    } else {
-		my %returnhash=&userenvironment($udom,$uname,$qualifierrest);
+		my %returnhash;
+		if (!$publicuser) {
+		    %returnhash=&userenvironment($udom,$uname,
+						 $qualifierrest);
+		}
 		return $returnhash{$qualifierrest};
 	    }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- user.course
         } elsif ($space eq 'course') {
 	    # FIXME - not supporting calls for a specific user
-            return $ENV{join('.',('request.course',$qualifier))};
+            return $env{join('.',('request.course',$qualifier))};
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- user.role
         } elsif ($space eq 'role') {
 	    # FIXME - not supporting calls for a specific user
-            my ($role,$where)=split(/\./,$ENV{'request.role'});
+            my ($role,$where)=split(/\./,$env{'request.role'});
             if ($qualifier eq 'value') {
 		return $role;
             } elsif ($qualifier eq 'extent') {
@@ -2668,132 +11395,207 @@ sub EXT {
             return $uname;
 # ---------------------------------------------------- Any other user namespace
         } else {
-            my $item=($rest)?$qualifier.'.'.$rest:$qualifier;
-            my %reply=&get($space,[$item]);
-            return $reply{$item};
+	    my %reply;
+	    if (!$publicuser) {
+		%reply=&get($space,[$qualifierrest],$udom,$uname);
+	    }
+	    return $reply{$qualifierrest};
         }
     } elsif ($realm eq 'query') {
 # ---------------------------------------------- pull stuff out of query string
-        &Apache::loncommon::get_unprocessed_cgi($ENV{'QUERY_STRING'},[$space]);
-	return $ENV{'form.'.$space}; 
+        &Apache::loncommon::get_unprocessed_cgi($ENV{'QUERY_STRING'},
+						[$spacequalifierrest]);
+	return $env{'form.'.$spacequalifierrest}; 
    } elsif ($realm eq 'request') {
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- request.browser
         if ($space eq 'browser') {
-	    return $ENV{'browser.'.$qualifier};
+            return $env{'browser.'.$qualifier};
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ request.filename
         } else {
-            return $ENV{'request.'.$spacequalifierrest};
+            return $env{'request.'.$spacequalifierrest};
         }
     } elsif ($realm eq 'course') {
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- course.description
-        return $ENV{'course.'.$courseid.'.'.$spacequalifierrest};
+        return $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.'.$spacequalifierrest};
     } elsif ($realm eq 'resource') {
 
-	if ($courseid eq $ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
+	if (defined($courseid) && $courseid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) {
+	    if (!$symbparm) { $symbparm=&symbread(); }
+	}
+
+        if ($qualifier eq '') {
+	    if ($space eq 'title') {
+	        if (!$symbparm) { $symbparm = $env{'request.filename'}; }
+	        return &gettitle($symbparm);
+	    }
+	
+	    if ($space eq 'map') {
+	        my ($map) = &decode_symb($symbparm);
+	        return &symbread($map);
+	    }
+            if ($space eq 'maptitle') {
+                my ($map) = &decode_symb($symbparm);
+                return &gettitle($map);
+            }
+	    if ($space eq 'filename') {
+	        if ($symbparm) {
+		    return &clutter((&decode_symb($symbparm))[2]);
+	        }
+	        return &hreflocation('',$env{'request.filename'});
+	    }
+
+            if ((defined($courseid)) && ($courseid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) && $symbparm) {
+                if ($space eq 'visibleparts') {
+                    my $navmap = Apache::lonnavmaps::navmap->new();
+                    my $item;
+                    if (ref($navmap)) {
+                        my $res = $navmap->getBySymb($symbparm);
+                        my $parts = $res->parts();
+                        if (ref($parts) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                            $item = join(',',@{$parts});
+                        }
+                        undef($navmap);
+                    }
+                    return $item;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+	my ($section, $group, @groups, @recurseup, $recursed);
+	my ($courselevelm,$courseleveli,$courselevel,$mapp);
+        if (($courseid eq '') && ($cid)) {
+            $courseid = $cid;
+        }
+	if (($symbparm && $courseid) && 
+	    (($courseid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) || ($courseid eq $cid)))  {
 
 	    #print '<br>'.$space.' - '.$qualifier.' - '.$spacequalifierrest;
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------- Cascading lookup scheme
-	    if (!$symbparm) { $symbparm=&symbread(); }
 	    my $symbp=$symbparm;
-	    my $mapp=(split(/\_\_\_/,$symbp))[0];
-
+	    $mapp=&deversion((&decode_symb($symbp))[0]);
 	    my $symbparm=$symbp.'.'.$spacequalifierrest;
+            my $recurseparm=$mapp.'___(rec).'.$spacequalifierrest;
 	    my $mapparm=$mapp.'___(all).'.$spacequalifierrest;
-
-	    my $section;
-	    if (($ENV{'user.name'} eq $uname) &&
-		($ENV{'user.domain'} eq $udom)) {
-		$section=$ENV{'request.course.sec'};
+	    if (($env{'user.name'} eq $uname) &&
+		($env{'user.domain'} eq $udom)) {
+		$section=$env{'request.course.sec'};
+                @groups = split(/:/,$env{'request.course.groups'});  
+                @groups=&sort_course_groups($courseid,@groups); 
 	    } else {
-		$section=&usection($udom,$uname,$courseid);
+		if (! defined($usection)) {
+		    $section=&getsection($udom,$uname,$courseid);
+		} else {
+		    $section = $usection;
+		}
+                @groups = &get_users_groups($udom,$uname,$courseid);
 	    }
 
 	    my $seclevel=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$spacequalifierrest;
 	    my $seclevelr=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$symbparm;
+            my $secleveli=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$recurseparm;
 	    my $seclevelm=$courseid.'.['.$section.'].'.$mapparm;
 
-	    my $courselevel=$courseid.'.'.$spacequalifierrest;
+	    $courselevel=$courseid.'.'.$spacequalifierrest;
 	    my $courselevelr=$courseid.'.'.$symbparm;
-	    my $courselevelm=$courseid.'.'.$mapparm;
+            $courseleveli=$courseid.'.'.$recurseparm;
+	    $courselevelm=$courseid.'.'.$mapparm;
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------- first, check user
-	    my %resourcedata=&get('resourcedata',
-				  [$courselevelr,$courselevelm,$courselevel],
-				 $udom,$uname);
-	    if (($resourcedata{$courselevelr}!~/^error\:/) &&
-		($resourcedata{$courselevelr}!~/^con_lost/)) {
-
-		if ($resourcedata{$courselevelr}) {
-		    return $resourcedata{$courselevelr}; }
-		if ($resourcedata{$courselevelm}) {
-		    return $resourcedata{$courselevelm}; }
-		if ($resourcedata{$courselevel}) {
-		    return $resourcedata{$courselevel}; }
-	    } else {
-		if ($resourcedata{$courselevelr}!~/No such file/) {
-		    &logthis("<font color=blue>WARNING:".
-			     " Trying to get resource data for ".
-			     $uname." at ".$udom.": ".
-			     $resourcedata{$courselevelr}."</font>");
-		}
-	    }
 
-# -------------------------------------------------------- second, check course
-
-	    my $coursereply=&courseresdata($ENV{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
-					  $ENV{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
-					  ($seclevelr,$seclevelm,$seclevel,
-					   $courselevelr,$courselevelm,
-					   $courselevel));
-	    if (defined($coursereply)) { return $coursereply; }
+	    my $userreply=&resdata($uname,$udom,'user',$mapp,\$recursed,
+                                   \@recurseup,$courseid,'.',$spacequalifierrest, 
+				       ([$courselevelr,'resource'],
+					[$courselevelm,'map'     ],
+                                        [$courseleveli,'map'     ],
+					[$courselevel, 'course'  ]));
+	    if (defined($userreply)) { return &get_reply($userreply); }
+
+# ------------------------------------------------ second, check some of course
+            my $coursereply;
+            if (@groups > 0) {
+                $coursereply = &check_group_parms($courseid,\@groups,$symbparm,
+                                       $recurseparm,$mapparm,$spacequalifierrest,
+                                       $mapp,\$recursed,\@recurseup);
+                if (defined($coursereply)) { return &get_reply($coursereply); } 
+            }
+
+	    $coursereply=&resdata($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
+				  $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
+				  'course',$mapp,\$recursed,\@recurseup,
+                                  $courseid,'.['.$section.'].',$spacequalifierrest,
+				  ([$seclevelr,   'resource'],
+				   [$seclevelm,   'map'     ],
+                                   [$secleveli,   'map'     ],
+				   [$seclevel,    'course'  ],
+				   [$courselevelr,'resource']));
+	    if (defined($coursereply)) { return &get_reply($coursereply); }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------ third, check map parms
 	    my %parmhash=();
 	    my $thisparm='';
 	    if (tie(%parmhash,'GDBM_File',
-		    $ENV{'request.course.fn'}.'_parms.db',
+		    $env{'request.course.fn'}.'_parms.db',
 		    &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
 		$thisparm=$parmhash{$symbparm};
 		untie(%parmhash);
 	    }
-	    if ($thisparm) { return $thisparm; }
+	    if ($thisparm) { return &get_reply([$thisparm,'resource']); }
 	}
-# --------------------------------------------- last, look in resource metadata
-
-	$spacequalifierrest=~s/\./\_/;
+# ------------------------------------------ fourth, look in resource metadata
+ 
+        my $what = $spacequalifierrest;
+	$what=~s/\./\_/;
 	my $filename;
 	if (!$symbparm) { $symbparm=&symbread(); }
 	if ($symbparm) {
-	    $filename=(split(/\_\_\_/,$symbparm))[2];
+	    $filename=(&decode_symb($symbparm))[2];
 	} else {
-	    $filename=$ENV{'request.filename'};
+	    $filename=$env{'request.filename'};
+	}
+        my $toolsymb;
+        if (($filename =~ /ext\.tool$/) && ($what ne '0_gradable')) {
+            $toolsymb = $symbparm;
+        }
+	my $metadata=&metadata($filename,$what,$toolsymb);
+	if (defined($metadata)) { return &get_reply([$metadata,'resource']); }
+	$metadata=&metadata($filename,'parameter_'.$what,$toolsymb);
+	if (defined($metadata)) { return &get_reply([$metadata,'resource']); }
+
+# ----------------------------------------------- fifth, look in rest of course
+	if ($symbparm && defined($courseid) && 
+	    $courseid eq $env{'request.course.id'}) {
+	    my $coursereply=&resdata($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
+				     $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
+				     'course',$mapp,\$recursed,\@recurseup,
+                                     $courseid,'.',$spacequalifierrest,
+				     ([$courselevelm,'map'   ],
+                                      [$courseleveli,'map'   ],
+				      [$courselevel, 'course']));
+	    if (defined($coursereply)) { return &get_reply($coursereply); }
 	}
-	my $metadata=&metadata($filename,$spacequalifierrest);
-	if (defined($metadata)) { return $metadata; }
-	$metadata=&metadata($filename,'parameter_'.$spacequalifierrest);
-	if (defined($metadata)) { return $metadata; }
-
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ Cascade up
 	unless ($space eq '0') {
-	    my ($part,$id)=split(/\_/,$space);
-	    if ($id) {
-		my $partgeneral=&EXT('resource.'.$part.'.'.$qualifierrest,
-				     $symbparm,$udom,$uname);
-		if (defined($partgeneral)) { return $partgeneral; }
-	    } else {
-		my $resourcegeneral=&EXT('resource.0.'.$qualifierrest,
-					 $symbparm,$udom,$uname);
-		if (defined($resourcegeneral)) { return $resourcegeneral; }
-	    }
+	    my @parts=split(/_/,$space);
+	    my $id=pop(@parts);
+	    my $part=join('_',@parts);
+	    if ($part eq '') { $part='0'; }
+	    my @partgeneral=&EXT('resource.'.$part.'.'.$qualifierrest,
+				 $symbparm,$udom,$uname,$section,1);
+	    if (defined($partgeneral[0])) { return &get_reply(\@partgeneral); }
 	}
-
+	if ($recurse) { return undef; }
+	my $pack_def=&packages_tab_default($filename,$varname,$toolsymb);
+	if (defined($pack_def)) { return &get_reply([$pack_def,'resource']); }
 # ---------------------------------------------------- Any other user namespace
     } elsif ($realm eq 'environment') {
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- environment
-	if (($uname eq $ENV{'user.name'})&&($udom eq $ENV{'user.domain'})) {
-	    return $ENV{'environment.'.$spacequalifierrest};
+	if (($uname eq $env{'user.name'})&&($udom eq $env{'user.domain'})) {
+	    return $env{'environment.'.$spacequalifierrest};
 	} else {
+	    if ($uname eq 'anonymous' && $udom eq '') {
+		return '';
+	    }
 	    my %returnhash=&userenvironment($udom,$uname,
 					    $spacequalifierrest);
 	    return $returnhash{$spacequalifierrest};
@@ -2803,20 +11605,165 @@ sub EXT {
 	if ($space eq 'time') {
 	    return time;
         }
+    } elsif ($realm eq 'server') {
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------- system.time
+	if ($space eq 'name') {
+	    return $ENV{'SERVER_NAME'};
+        }
     }
     return '';
 }
 
+sub get_reply {
+    my ($reply_value) = @_;
+    if (ref($reply_value) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        if (wantarray) {
+	    return @$reply_value;
+        }
+        return $reply_value->[0];
+    } else {
+        return $reply_value;
+    }
+}
+
+sub check_group_parms {
+    my ($courseid,$groups,$symbparm,$recurseparm,$mapparm,$what,$mapp,
+        $recursed,$recurseupref) = @_;
+    my @levels = ([$symbparm,'resource'],[$mapparm,'map'],[$recurseparm,'map'],
+                  [$what,'course']);
+    my $coursereply;
+    foreach my $group (@{$groups}) {
+        my @groupitems = ();
+        foreach my $level (@levels) {
+             my $item = $courseid.'.['.$group.'].'.$level->[0];
+             push(@groupitems,[$item,$level->[1]]);
+        }
+        my $coursereply = &resdata($env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'},
+                                   $env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'},
+                                   'course',$mapp,$recursed,$recurseupref,
+                                   $courseid,'.['.$group.'].',$what,
+                                   @groupitems);
+        last if (defined($coursereply));
+    }
+    return $coursereply;
+}
+
+sub get_map_hierarchy {
+    my ($mapname,$courseid) = @_;
+    my @recurseup = ();
+    if ($mapname) {
+        if (($cachedmapkey eq $courseid) &&
+            (abs($cachedmaptime-time)<5)) {
+            if (ref($cachedmaps{$mapname}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                return @{$cachedmaps{$mapname}};
+            }
+        }
+        my $navmap = Apache::lonnavmaps::navmap->new();
+        if (ref($navmap)) {
+            @recurseup = $navmap->recurseup_maps($mapname);
+            undef($navmap);
+            $cachedmaps{$mapname} = \@recurseup;
+            $cachedmaptime=time;
+            $cachedmapkey=$courseid;
+        }
+    }
+    return @recurseup;
+}
+
+}
+
+sub sort_course_groups { # Sort groups based on defined rankings. Default is sort().
+    my ($courseid,@groups) = @_;
+    @groups = sort(@groups);
+    return @groups;
+}
+
+sub packages_tab_default {
+    my ($uri,$varname,$toolsymb)=@_;
+    my (undef,$part,$name)=split(/\./,$varname);
+
+    my (@extension,@specifics,$do_default);
+    foreach my $package (split(/,/,&metadata($uri,'packages',$toolsymb))) {
+	my ($pack_type,$pack_part)=split(/_/,$package,2);
+	if ($pack_type eq 'default') {
+	    $do_default=1;
+	} elsif ($pack_type eq 'extension') {
+	    push(@extension,[$package,$pack_type,$pack_part]);
+	} elsif ($pack_part eq $part || $pack_type eq 'part') {
+	    # only look at packages defaults for packages that this id is
+	    push(@specifics,[$package,$pack_type,$pack_part]);
+	}
+    }
+    # first look for a package that matches the requested part id
+    foreach my $package (@specifics) {
+	my (undef,$pack_type,$pack_part)=@{$package};
+	next if ($pack_part ne $part);
+	if (defined($packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"})) {
+	    return $packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"};
+	}
+    }
+    # look for any possible matching non extension_ package
+    foreach my $package (@specifics) {
+	my (undef,$pack_type,$pack_part)=@{$package};
+	if (defined($packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"})) {
+	    return $packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"};
+	}
+	if ($pack_type eq 'part') { $pack_part='0'; }
+	if (defined($packagetab{$pack_type."_".$pack_part."&$name&default"})) {
+	    return $packagetab{$pack_type."_".$pack_part."&$name&default"};
+	}
+    }
+    # look for any posible extension_ match
+    foreach my $package (@extension) {
+	my ($package,$pack_type)=@{$package};
+	if (defined($packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"})) {
+	    return $packagetab{"$pack_type&$name&default"};
+	}
+	if (defined($packagetab{$package."&$name&default"})) {
+	    return $packagetab{$package."&$name&default"};
+	}
+    }
+    # look for a global default setting
+    if ($do_default && defined($packagetab{"default&$name&default"})) {
+	return $packagetab{"default&$name&default"};
+    }
+    return undef;
+}
+
+sub add_prefix_and_part {
+    my ($prefix,$part)=@_;
+    my $keyroot;
+    if (defined($prefix) && $prefix !~ /^__/) {
+	# prefix that has a part already
+	$keyroot=$prefix;
+    } elsif (defined($prefix)) {
+	# prefix that is missing a part
+	if (defined($part)) { $keyroot='_'.$part.substr($prefix,1); }
+    } else {
+	# no prefix at all
+	if (defined($part)) { $keyroot='_'.$part; }
+    }
+    return $keyroot;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------- Get metadata
 
+my %metaentry;
+my %importedpartids;
+my %importedrespids;
 sub metadata {
-    my ($uri,$what,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount)=@_;
-
+    my ($uri,$what,$toolsymb,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount)=@_;
     $uri=&declutter($uri);
     # if it is a non metadata possible uri return quickly
-    if (($uri eq '') || ($uri =~ m|^/*adm/|) || ($uri =~ m|/$|) ||
-	($uri =~ m|/.meta$|)) {
-	return '';
+    if (($uri eq '') || 
+	(($uri =~ m|^/*adm/|) && 
+	     ($uri !~ m|^adm/includes|) && ($uri !~ m{/(smppg|bulletinboard|ext\.tool)$})) ||
+        ($uri =~ m|/$|) || ($uri =~ m|/.meta$|) || ($uri =~ m{^/*uploaded/.+\.sequence$})) {
+	return undef;
+    }
+    if (($uri =~ /^priv/ || $uri=~m{^home/httpd/html/priv}) 
+	&& &Apache::lonxml::get_state('target') =~ /^(|meta)$/) {
+	return undef;
     }
     my $filename=$uri;
     $uri=~s/\.meta$//;
@@ -2825,167 +11772,641 @@ sub metadata {
 # Look at timestamp of caching
 # Everything is cached by the main uri, libraries are never directly cached
 #
-    unless (abs($metacache{$uri.':cachedtimestamp'}-time)<600 && !defined($liburi)) {
+    if (!defined($liburi)) {
+	my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('meta',$uri);
+	if (defined($cached)) { return $result->{':'.$what}; }
+    }
+
+#
+# If the uri is for an external tool the file from
+# which metadata should be retrieved depends on whether
+# the tool had been configured to be gradable (set in the Course
+# Editor or Resource Editor).
+#
+# If a valid symb has been included as the third arg in the call
+# to &metadata() that can be used to retrieve the value of
+# parameter_0_gradable set for the resource, and included in the
+# uploaded map containing the tool. The value is retrieved via
+# &EXT(), if a valid symb is available.  Otherwise the value of
+# gradable in the exttool_$marker.db file for the tool instance
+# is retrieved via &get().
+#
+# When lonuserstate::traceroute() calls lonnet::EXT() for 
+# hiddenresource and encrypturl (during course initialization)
+# the map-level parameter for resource.0.gradable included in the 
+# uploaded map containing the tool will not yet have been stored
+# in the user_course_parms.db file for the user's session, so in 
+# this case fall back to retrieving gradable status from the
+# exttool_$marker.db file.
+#
+# In order to avoid an infinite loop, &metadata() will return
+# before a call to &EXT(), if the uri is for an external tool
+# and the $what for which metadata is being requested is
+# parameter_0_gradable or 0_gradable.
+#
+
+    if ($uri =~ /ext\.tool$/) {
+        if (($what eq 'parameter_0_gradable') || ($what eq '0_gradable')) {
+            return;
+        } else {
+            my ($checked,$use_passback);
+            if ($toolsymb ne '') {
+                (undef,undef,my $tooluri) = &decode_symb($toolsymb);
+                if (($tooluri eq $uri) && (&EXT('resource.0.gradable',$toolsymb))) {
+                    $checked = 1;
+                    if (&EXT('resource.0.gradable',$toolsymb) =~ /^yes$/i) {
+                        $use_passback = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($checked) {
+                my ($ignore,$cdom,$cnum,$marker) = split(m{/},$uri);
+                $marker=~s/\D//g;
+                if ($marker) {
+                    my %toolsettings=&get('exttool_'.$marker,['gradable'],$cdom,$cnum);
+                    $use_passback = $toolsettings{'gradable'};
+                }
+            }
+            if ($use_passback) {
+                $filename = '/home/httpd/html/res/lib/templates/LTIpassback.tool';
+            } else {
+                $filename = '/home/httpd/html/res/lib/templates/LTIstandard.tool';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    {
+# Imported parts would go here
+        my @origfiletagids=();
+        my $importedparts=0;
+
+# Imported responseids would go here
+        my $importedresponses=0;
 #
 # Is this a recursive call for a library?
 #
+#	if (! exists($metacache{$uri})) {
+#	    $metacache{$uri}={};
+#	}
+	my $cachetime = 60*60;
         if ($liburi) {
 	    $liburi=&declutter($liburi);
             $filename=$liburi;
-        }
+        } else {
+	    &devalidate_cache_new('meta',$uri);
+	    undef(%metaentry);
+	}
         my %metathesekeys=();
         unless ($filename=~/\.meta$/) { $filename.='.meta'; }
-	my $metastring=&getfile($perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.$filename);
+	my $metastring;
+	if ($uri =~ /^priv/ || $uri=~/home\/httpd\/html\/priv/) {
+	    my $which = &hreflocation('','/'.($liburi || $uri));
+	    $metastring = 
+		&Apache::lonnet::ssi_body($which,
+					  ('grade_target' => 'meta'));
+	    $cachetime = 1; # only want this cached in the child not long term
+	} elsif (($uri !~ m -^(editupload)/-) && 
+                 ($uri !~ m{^/*uploaded/$match_domain/$match_courseid/docs/})) {
+	    my $file=&filelocation('',&clutter($filename));
+	    #push(@{$metaentry{$uri.'.file'}},$file);
+	    $metastring=&getfile($file);
+	}
         my $parser=HTML::LCParser->new(\$metastring);
         my $token;
         undef %metathesekeys;
         while ($token=$parser->get_token) {
-           if ($token->[0] eq 'S') {
-	     if (defined($token->[2]->{'package'})) {
+	    if ($token->[0] eq 'S') {
+		if (defined($token->[2]->{'package'})) {
 #
 # This is a package - get package info
 #
-	      my $package=$token->[2]->{'package'};
-	      my $keyroot='';
-              if ($prefix) {
-		  $keyroot.=$prefix;
-              } else {
-                if (defined($token->[2]->{'part'})) { 
-                   $keyroot.='_'.$token->[2]->{'part'}; 
-	        }
-	      }
-              if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) { 
-                 $keyroot.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'}; 
-	      }
-              if ($metacache{$uri.':packages'}) {
-                 $metacache{$uri.':packages'}.=','.$package.$keyroot;
-              } else {
-                 $metacache{$uri.':packages'}=$package.$keyroot;
-	      }
-              foreach (keys %packagetab) {
-		  if ($_=~/^$package\&/) {
-		      my ($pack,$name,$subp)=split(/\&/,$_);
-                      my $value=$packagetab{$_};
-		      my $part=$keyroot;
-                      $part=~s/^\_//;
-                      if ($subp eq 'display') {
-			  $value.=' [Part: '.$part.']';
-                      }
-                      my $unikey='parameter'.$keyroot.'_'.$name;
-                      $metathesekeys{$unikey}=1;
-                      $metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey.'.part'}=$part;
-                      unless 
-                       (defined($metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey.'.'.$subp})) {
-                         $metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey.'.'.$subp}=$value;
-		      }
-                  }
-              }
-             } else {
+		    my $package=$token->[2]->{'package'};
+		    my $keyroot=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
+		    if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) { 
+			$keyroot.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'}; 
+		    }
+		    if ($metaentry{':packages'}) {
+			$metaentry{':packages'}.=','.$package.$keyroot;
+		    } else {
+			$metaentry{':packages'}=$package.$keyroot;
+		    }
+		    foreach my $pack_entry (keys(%packagetab)) {
+			my $part=$keyroot;
+			$part=~s/^\_//;
+			if ($pack_entry=~/^\Q$package\E\&/ || 
+			    $pack_entry=~/^\Q$package\E_0\&/) {
+			    my ($pack,$name,$subp)=split(/\&/,$pack_entry);
+			    # ignore package.tab specified default values
+                            # here &package_tab_default() will fetch those
+			    if ($subp eq 'default') { next; }
+			    my $value=$packagetab{$pack_entry};
+			    my $unikey;
+			    if ($pack =~ /_0$/) {
+				$unikey='parameter_0_'.$name;
+				$part=0;
+			    } else {
+				$unikey='parameter'.$keyroot.'_'.$name;
+			    }
+			    if ($subp eq 'display') {
+				$value.=' [Part: '.$part.']';
+			    }
+			    $metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.part'}=$part;
+			    $metathesekeys{$unikey}=1;
+			    unless (defined($metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.'.$subp})) {
+				$metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.'.$subp}=$value;
+			    }
+			    if (defined($metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.default'})) {
+				$metaentry{':'.$unikey}=
+				    $metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.default'};
+			    }
+			}
+		    }
+		} else {
 #
 # This is not a package - some other kind of start tag
-# 
-              my $entry=$token->[1];
-              my $unikey;
-              if ($entry eq 'import') {
-                 $unikey='';
-              } else {
-                 $unikey=$entry;
-	      }
-              if ($prefix) {
-		  $unikey.=$prefix;
-              } else {
-                if (defined($token->[2]->{'part'})) { 
-                   $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'part'}; 
-	        }
-	      }
-              if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) { 
-                 $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'}; 
-	      }
+#
+		    my $entry=$token->[1];
+		    my $unikey='';
 
-             if ($entry eq 'import') {
+		    if ($entry eq 'import') {
 #
 # Importing a library here
-#                
-                 if ($depthcount<20) {
-		     my $location=$parser->get_text('/import');
-		     my $dir=$filename;
-		     $dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
-		     $location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
-		     foreach (sort(split(/\,/,&metadata($uri,'keys',
-							$location,$unikey,
-							$depthcount+1)))) {
-                         $metathesekeys{$_}=1;
-		     }
-		 }
-             } else { 
+#
+                        my $location=$parser->get_text('/import');
+                        my $dir=$filename;
+                        $dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
+                        $location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
 
-              if (defined($token->[2]->{'name'})) { 
-                 $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'name'}; 
-	      }
-              $metathesekeys{$unikey}=1;
-              foreach (@{$token->[3]}) {
-		  $metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey.'.'.$_}=$token->[2]->{$_};
-              }
-              unless (
-                 $metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey}=&HTML::Entities::decode($parser->get_text('/'.$entry))
-		      ) { $metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey}=
-			      $metacache{$uri.':'.$unikey.'.default'};
-		      }
+                        my $importid=$token->[2]->{'id'};
+                        my $importmode=$token->[2]->{'importmode'};
+#
+# Check metadata for imported file to
+# see if it contained response items
+#
+                        my ($origfile,@libfilekeys);
+                        my %currmetaentry = %metaentry;
+                        @libfilekeys = split(/,/,&metadata($location,'keys',undef,undef,undef,
+                                                           $depthcount+1));
+                        if (grep(/^responseorder$/,@libfilekeys)) {
+                            my $libresponseorder = &metadata($location,'responseorder',undef,undef,
+                                                             undef,$depthcount+1);
+                            if ($libresponseorder ne '') {
+                                if ($#origfiletagids<0) {
+                                    undef(%importedrespids);
+                                    undef(%importedpartids);
+                                }
+                                my @respids = split(/\s*,\s*/,$libresponseorder);
+                                if (@respids) {
+                                    $importedrespids{$importid} = join(',',map { $importid.'_'.$_ } @respids);
+                                }
+                                if ($importedrespids{$importid} ne '') {
+                                    $importedresponses = 1;
+# We need to get the original file and the imported file to get the response order correct
+# Load and inspect original file
+                                    if ($#origfiletagids<0) {
+                                        my $origfilelocation=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.&clutter($uri);
+                                        $origfile=&getfile($origfilelocation);
+                                        @origfiletagids=($origfile=~/<((?:\w+)response|import|part)[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+# Do not overwrite contents of %metaentry hash for resource itself with 
+# hash populated for imported library file
+                        %metaentry = %currmetaentry;
+                        undef(%currmetaentry);
+                        if ($importmode eq 'part') {
+# Import as part(s)
+                           $importedparts=1;
+# We need to get the original file and the imported file to get the part order correct
+# Good news: we do not need to worry about nested libraries, since parts cannot be nested
+# Load and inspect original file if we didn't do that already
+                           if ($#origfiletagids<0) {
+                               undef(%importedrespids);
+                               undef(%importedpartids);
+                               if ($origfile eq '') {
+                                   my $origfilelocation=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.&clutter($uri);
+                                   $origfile=&getfile($origfilelocation);
+                                   @origfiletagids=($origfile=~/<(part|import)[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+                               }
+                           }
+                           my @impfilepartids;
+# If <partorder> tag is included in metadata for the imported file
+# get the parts in the imported file from that.
+                           if (grep(/^partorder$/,@libfilekeys)) {
+                               %currmetaentry = %metaentry;
+                               my $libpartorder = &metadata($location,'partorder',undef,undef,undef,
+                                                            $depthcount+1);
+                               %metaentry = %currmetaentry;
+                               undef(%currmetaentry);
+                               if ($libpartorder ne '') {
+                                   @impfilepartids=split(/\s*,\s*/,$libpartorder);
+                               }
+                           } else {
+# If no <partorder> tag available, load and inspect imported file
+                               my $impfile=&getfile($location);
+                               @impfilepartids=($impfile=~/<part[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+                           }
+                           if ($#impfilepartids>=0) {
+# This problem had parts
+                               $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=join(',',@impfilepartids);
+                           } else {
+# Importing by turning a single problem into a problem part
+# It gets the import-tags ID as part-ID
+                               $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'id'});
+                               $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=$token->[2]->{'id'};
+                           }
+                        } else {
+# Import as problem or as normal import
+                            $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
+                            unless ($importmode eq 'problem') {
+# Normal import
+                                if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) {
+                                    $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'};
+                                }
+                            }
+# Check metadata for imported file to
+# see if it contained parts
+                            if (grep(/^partorder$/,@libfilekeys)) {
+                                %currmetaentry = %metaentry;
+                                my $libpartorder = &metadata($location,'partorder',undef,undef,undef,
+                                                             $depthcount+1);
+                                %metaentry = %currmetaentry;
+                                undef(%currmetaentry);
+                                if ($libpartorder ne '') {
+                                    $importedparts = 1;
+                                    $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=$libpartorder;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+			if ($depthcount<20) {
+			    my $metadata = 
+				&metadata($uri,'keys',$toolsymb,$location,$unikey,
+					  $depthcount+1);
+			    foreach my $meta (split(',',$metadata)) {
+				$metaentry{':'.$meta}=$metaentry{':'.$meta};
+				$metathesekeys{$meta}=1;
+			    }
+                        }
+		    } else {
+#
+# Not importing, some other kind of non-package, non-library start tag
+# 
+                        $unikey=$entry.&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
+                        if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) {
+                            $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'};
+                        }
+			if (defined($token->[2]->{'name'})) { 
+			    $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'name'}; 
+			}
+			$metathesekeys{$unikey}=1;
+			foreach my $param (@{$token->[3]}) {
+			    $metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.'.$param} =
+				$token->[2]->{$param};
+			}
+			my $internaltext=&HTML::Entities::decode($parser->get_text('/'.$entry));
+			my $default=$metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.default'};
+			if ( $internaltext =~ /^\s*$/ && $default !~ /^\s*$/) {
+		 # only ws inside the tag, and not in default, so use default
+		 # as value
+			    $metaentry{':'.$unikey}=$default;
+			} elsif ( $internaltext =~ /\S/ ) {
+		  # something interesting inside the tag
+			    $metaentry{':'.$unikey}=$internaltext;
+			} else {
+		  # no interesting values, don't set a default
+			}
 # end of not-a-package not-a-library import
-	   }
+		    }
 # end of not-a-package start tag
-	  }
+		}
 # the next is the end of "start tag"
-	 }
-       }
-       $metacache{$uri.':keys'}=join(',',keys %metathesekeys);
-	&metadata_generate_part0(\%metathesekeys,\%metacache,$uri);
-       $metacache{$uri.':allpossiblekeys'}=join(',',keys %metathesekeys);
-       $metacache{$uri.':cachedtimestamp'}=time;
+	    }
+	}
+	my ($extension) = ($uri =~ /\.(\w+)$/);
+	$extension = lc($extension);
+	if ($extension eq 'htm') { $extension='html'; }
+
+	foreach my $key (keys(%packagetab)) {
+	    #no specific packages #how's our extension
+	    if ($key!~/^extension_\Q$extension\E&/) { next; }
+	    &metadata_create_package_def($uri,$key,'extension_'.$extension,
+					 \%metathesekeys);
+	}
+
+	if (!exists($metaentry{':packages'})
+	    || $packagetab{"import_defaults&extension_$extension"}) {
+	    foreach my $key (keys(%packagetab)) {
+		#no specific packages well let's get default then
+		if ($key!~/^default&/) { next; }
+		&metadata_create_package_def($uri,$key,'default',
+					     \%metathesekeys);
+	    }
+	}
+# are there custom rights to evaluate
+	if ($metaentry{':copyright'} eq 'custom') {
+
+    #
+    # Importing a rights file here
+    #
+	    unless ($depthcount) {
+		my $location=$metaentry{':customdistributionfile'};
+		my $dir=$filename;
+		$dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
+		$location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
+		my $rights_metadata =
+		    &metadata($uri,'keys',$toolsymb,$location,'_rights',
+			      $depthcount+1);
+		foreach my $rights (split(',',$rights_metadata)) {
+		    #$metaentry{':'.$rights}=$metacache{$uri}->{':'.$rights};
+		    $metathesekeys{$rights}=1;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	# uniqifiy package listing
+	my %seen;
+	my @uniq_packages =
+	    grep { ! $seen{$_} ++ } (split(',',$metaentry{':packages'}));
+	$metaentry{':packages'} = join(',',@uniq_packages);
+
+        if (($importedresponses) || ($importedparts)) {
+            if ($importedparts) {
+# We had imported parts and need to rebuild partorder
+                $metaentry{':partorder'}='';
+                $metathesekeys{'partorder'}=1;
+            }
+            if ($importedresponses) {
+# We had imported responses and need to rebuil responseorder
+                $metaentry{':responseorder'}='';
+                $metathesekeys{'responseorder'}=1;
+            }
+            for (my $index=0;$index<$#origfiletagids;$index+=2) {
+                my $origid = $origfiletagids[$index+1];
+                if ($origfiletagids[$index] eq 'part') {
+# Original part, part of the problem
+                    if ($importedparts) {
+                        $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$origid;
+                    }
+                } elsif ($origfiletagids[$index] eq 'import') {
+                    if ($importedparts) {
+# We have imported parts at this position
+                        if ($importedpartids{$origid} ne '') {
+                            $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$importedpartids{$origid};
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if ($importedresponses) {
+# We have imported responses at this position
+                        if ($importedrespids{$origid} ne '') {
+                            $metaentry{':responseorder'}.=','.$importedrespids{$origid};
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+# Original response item, part of the problem
+                    if ($importedresponses) {
+                        $metaentry{':responseorder'}.=','.$origid;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ($importedparts) {
+                $metaentry{':partorder'}=~s/^\,//;
+            }
+            if ($importedresponses) {
+                $metaentry{':responseorder'}=~s/^\,//;
+            }
+        }
+	$metaentry{':keys'} = join(',',keys(%metathesekeys));
+	&metadata_generate_part0(\%metathesekeys,\%metaentry,$uri);
+	$metaentry{':allpossiblekeys'}=join(',',keys(%metathesekeys));
+        unless ($liburi) {
+	    &do_cache_new('meta',$uri,\%metaentry,$cachetime);
+        }
 # this is the end of "was not already recently cached
     }
-    return $metacache{$uri.':'.$what};
+    return $metaentry{':'.$what};
+}
+
+sub metadata_create_package_def {
+    my ($uri,$key,$package,$metathesekeys)=@_;
+    my ($pack,$name,$subp)=split(/\&/,$key);
+    if ($subp eq 'default') { next; }
+    
+    if (defined($metaentry{':packages'})) {
+	$metaentry{':packages'}.=','.$package;
+    } else {
+	$metaentry{':packages'}=$package;
+    }
+    my $value=$packagetab{$key};
+    my $unikey;
+    $unikey='parameter_0_'.$name;
+    $metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.part'}=0;
+    $$metathesekeys{$unikey}=1;
+    unless (defined($metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.'.$subp})) {
+	$metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.'.$subp}=$value;
+    }
+    if (defined($metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.default'})) {
+	$metaentry{':'.$unikey}=
+	    $metaentry{':'.$unikey.'.default'};
+    }
 }
 
 sub metadata_generate_part0 {
     my ($metadata,$metacache,$uri) = @_;
     my %allnames;
-    foreach my $metakey (sort keys %$metadata) {
+    foreach my $metakey (keys(%$metadata)) {
 	if ($metakey=~/^parameter\_(.*)/) {
-	  my $part=$$metacache{$uri.':'.$metakey.'.part'};
-	  my $name=$$metacache{$uri.':'.$metakey.'.name'};
-	  if (! exists($$metadata{'parameter_0_'.$name})) {
+	  my $part=$$metacache{':'.$metakey.'.part'};
+	  my $name=$$metacache{':'.$metakey.'.name'};
+	  if (! exists($$metadata{'parameter_0_'.$name.'.name'})) {
 	    $allnames{$name}=$part;
 	  }
 	}
     }
     foreach my $name (keys(%allnames)) {
       $$metadata{"parameter_0_$name"}=1;
-      my $key="$uri:parameter_0_$name";
+      my $key=":parameter_0_$name";
       $$metacache{"$key.part"}='0';
       $$metacache{"$key.name"}=$name;
-      $$metacache{"$key.type"}=$$metacache{$uri.':parameter_'.
+      $$metacache{"$key.type"}=$$metacache{':parameter_'.
 					   $allnames{$name}.'_'.$name.
 					   '.type'};
-      my $olddis=$$metacache{$uri.':parameter_'.$allnames{$name}.'_'.$name.
+      my $olddis=$$metacache{':parameter_'.$allnames{$name}.'_'.$name.
 			     '.display'};
-      my $expr='\\[Part: '.$allnames{$name}.'\\]';
-      $olddis=~s/$expr/\[Part: 0\]/;
+      my $expr='[Part: '.$allnames{$name}.']';
+      $olddis=~s/\Q$expr\E/\[Part: 0\]/;
       $$metacache{"$key.display"}=$olddis;
     }
 }
 
+# ------------------------------------------------------ Devalidate title cache
+
+sub devalidate_title_cache {
+    my ($url)=@_;
+    if (!$env{'request.course.id'}) { return; }
+    my $symb=&symbread($url);
+    if (!$symb) { return; }
+    my $key=$env{'request.course.id'}."\0".$symb;
+    &devalidate_cache_new('title',$key);
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------- Get the title of a course
+
+sub current_course_title {
+    return $env{ 'course.' . $env{'request.course.id'} . '.description' };
+}
+# ------------------------------------------------- Get the title of a resource
+
+sub gettitle {
+    my $urlsymb=shift;
+    my $symb=&symbread($urlsymb);
+    if ($symb) {
+	my $key=$env{'request.course.id'}."\0".$symb;
+	my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('title',$key);
+	if (defined($cached)) { 
+	    return $result;
+	}
+	my ($map,$resid,$url)=&decode_symb($symb);
+	my $title='';
+	if (!$map && $resid == 0 && $url =~/default\.sequence$/) {
+	    $title = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.description'};
+	} else {
+	    if (tie(my %bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+		    &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+		my $mapid=$bighash{'map_pc_'.&clutter($map)};
+		$title=$bighash{'title_'.$mapid.'.'.$resid};
+		untie(%bighash);
+	    }
+	}
+	$title=~s/\&colon\;/\:/gs;
+	if ($title) {
+# Remember both $symb and $title for dynamic metadata
+            $accesshash{$symb.'___crstitle'}=$title;
+            $accesshash{&declutter($map).'___'.&declutter($url).'___usage'}=time;
+# Cache this title and then return it
+	    return &do_cache_new('title',$key,$title,600);
+	}
+	$urlsymb=$url;
+    }
+    my $title=&metadata($urlsymb,'title');
+    if (!$title) { $title=(split('/',$urlsymb))[-1]; }    
+    return $title;
+}
+
+sub get_slot {
+    my ($which,$cnum,$cdom)=@_;
+    if (!$cnum || !$cdom) {
+	(undef,my $courseid)=&whichuser();
+	$cdom=$env{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'};
+	$cnum=$env{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'};
+    }
+    my $key=join("\0",'slots',$cdom,$cnum,$which);
+    my %slotinfo;
+    if (exists($remembered{$key})) {
+	$slotinfo{$which} = $remembered{$key};
+    } else {
+	%slotinfo=&get('slots',[$which],$cdom,$cnum);
+	&Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%slotinfo);
+	my ($tmp)=keys(%slotinfo);
+	if ($tmp=~/^error:/) { return (); }
+	$remembered{$key} = $slotinfo{$which};
+    }
+    if (ref($slotinfo{$which}) eq 'HASH') {
+	return %{$slotinfo{$which}};
+    }
+    return $slotinfo{$which};
+}
+
+sub get_reservable_slots {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$uname,$udom) = @_;
+    my $now = time;
+    my $reservable_info;
+    my $key=join("\0",'reservableslots',$cdom,$cnum,$uname,$udom);
+    if (exists($remembered{$key})) {
+        $reservable_info = $remembered{$key};
+    } else {
+        my %resv;
+        ($resv{'now_order'},$resv{'now'},$resv{'future_order'},$resv{'future'}) =
+        &Apache::loncommon::get_future_slots($cnum,$cdom,$now);
+        $reservable_info = \%resv;
+        $remembered{$key} = $reservable_info;
+    }
+    return $reservable_info;
+}
+
+sub get_course_slots {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom) = @_;
+    my $hashid=$cnum.':'.$cdom;
+    my ($result,$cached) = &Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('allslots',$hashid);
+    if (defined($cached)) {
+        if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+            return %{$result};
+        }
+    } else {
+        my %slots=&Apache::lonnet::dump('slots',$cdom,$cnum);
+        my ($tmp) = keys(%slots);
+        if ($tmp !~ /^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) {
+            &do_cache_new('allslots',$hashid,\%slots,600);
+            return %slots;
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub devalidate_slots_cache {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom)=@_;
+    my $hashid=$cnum.':'.$cdom;
+    &devalidate_cache_new('allslots',$hashid);
+}
+
+sub get_coursechange {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum) = @_;
+    if ($cdom eq '' || $cnum eq '') {
+        return unless ($env{'request.course.id'});
+        $cnum = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+        $cdom = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+    }
+    my $hashid=$cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+    my ($change,$cached)=&is_cached_new('crschange',$hashid);
+    if ((defined($cached)) && ($change ne '')) {
+        return $change;
+    } else {
+        my %crshash;
+        %crshash = &get('environment',['internal.contentchange'],$cdom,$cnum);
+        if ($crshash{'internal.contentchange'} eq '') {
+            $change = $env{'course.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum.'.internal.created'};
+            if ($change eq '') {
+                %crshash = &get('environment',['internal.created'],$cdom,$cnum);
+                $change = $crshash{'internal.created'};
+            }
+        } else {
+            $change = $crshash{'internal.contentchange'};
+        }
+        my $cachetime = 600;
+        &do_cache_new('crschange',$hashid,$change,$cachetime);
+    }
+    return $change;
+}
+
+sub devalidate_coursechange_cache {
+    my ($cnum,$cdom)=@_;
+    my $hashid=$cnum.':'.$cdom;
+    &devalidate_cache_new('crschange',$hashid);
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------- Update symbolic store links
 
 sub symblist {
     my ($mapname,%newhash)=@_;
-    $mapname=declutter($mapname);
+    $mapname=&deversion(&declutter($mapname));
     my %hash;
-    if (($ENV{'request.course.fn'}) && (%newhash)) {
-        if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$ENV{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
+    if (($env{'request.course.fn'}) && (%newhash)) {
+        if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
                       &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
-	    foreach (keys %newhash) {
-                $hash{declutter($_)}=$mapname.'___'.$newhash{$_};
+	    foreach my $url (keys(%newhash)) {
+		next if ($url eq 'last_known'
+			 && $env{'form.no_update_last_known'});
+		$hash{declutter($url)}=&encode_symb($mapname,
+						    $newhash{$url}->[1],
+						    $newhash{$url}->[0]);
             }
             if (untie(%hash)) {
 		return 'ok';
@@ -2998,33 +12419,64 @@ sub symblist {
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- Verify a symb
 
 sub symbverify {
-    my ($symb,$thisfn)=@_;
+    my ($symb,$thisurl,$encstate)=@_;
+    my $thisfn=$thisurl;
     $thisfn=&declutter($thisfn);
 # direct jump to resource in page or to a sequence - will construct own symbs
     if ($thisfn=~/\.(page|sequence)$/) { return 1; }
 # check URL part
-    my ($map,$resid,$url)=split(/\_\_\_/,$symb);
-    unless (&symbclean($url) eq &symbclean($thisfn)) { return 0; }
+    my ($map,$resid,$url)=&decode_symb($symb);
+
+    unless ($url eq $thisfn) { return 0; }
 
     $symb=&symbclean($symb);
+    $thisurl=&deversion($thisurl);
+    $thisfn=&deversion($thisfn);
 
     my %bighash;
     my $okay=0;
-    if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$ENV{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+
+    if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
                             &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-        my $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.&clutter($thisfn)};
-        unless ($ids) { 
-           $ids=$bighash{'ids_/'.$thisfn};
+        my $noclutter;
+        if (($thisurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/ext/}) || ($thisurl =~ m{^ext/})) {
+            $thisurl =~ s/\?.+$//;
+            if ($map =~ m{^uploaded/.+\.page$}) {
+                $thisurl =~ s{^(/adm/wrapper|)/ext/}{http://};
+                $thisurl =~ s{^\Qhttp://https://\E}{https://};
+                $noclutter = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        my $ids;
+        if ($noclutter) {
+            $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.$thisurl};
+        } else {
+            $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.&clutter($thisurl)};
+        }
+        unless ($ids) {
+            my $idkey = 'ids_'.($thisurl =~ m{^/}? '' : '/').$thisurl;  
+            $ids=$bighash{$idkey};
         }
         if ($ids) {
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- Has ID(s)
-	    foreach (split(/\,/,$ids)) {
-               my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$_);
+            if ($thisfn =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/ext/}) {
+                $symb =~ s/\?.+$//;
+            }
+	    foreach my $id (split(/\,/,$ids)) {
+	       my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$id);
                if (
   &symbclean(&declutter($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid}).'___'.$resid.'___'.$thisfn)
-   eq $symb) { 
-                  $okay=1; 
-               }
+   eq $symb) {
+                   if (ref($encstate)) {
+                       $$encstate = $bighash{'encrypted_'.$id};
+                   }
+		   if (($env{'request.role.adv'}) ||
+		       ($bighash{'encrypted_'.$id} eq $env{'request.enc'}) ||
+                       ($thisurl eq '/adm/navmaps')) {
+		       $okay=1;
+                       last;
+		   }
+	       }
 	   }
         }
 	untie(%bighash);
@@ -3036,51 +12488,119 @@ sub symbverify {
 
 sub symbclean {
     my $symb=shift;
-
+    if ($symb=~m|^/enc/|) { $symb=&Apache::lonenc::unencrypted($symb); }
 # remove version from map
     $symb=~s/\.(\d+)\.(\w+)\_\_\_/\.$2\_\_\_/;
 
 # remove version from URL
     $symb=~s/\.(\d+)\.(\w+)$/\.$2/;
 
+# remove wrapper
+
+    $symb=~s/(\_\_\_\d+\_\_\_)adm\/wrapper\/(res\/)*/$1/;
+    $symb=~s/(\_\_\_\d+\_\_\_)adm\/coursedocs\/showdoc\/(res\/)*/$1/;
     return $symb;
 }
 
+# ---------------------------------------------- Split symb to find map and url
+
+sub encode_symb {
+    my ($map,$resid,$url)=@_;
+    return &symbclean(&declutter($map).'___'.$resid.'___'.&declutter($url));
+}
+
+sub decode_symb {
+    my $symb=shift;
+    if ($symb=~m|^/enc/|) { $symb=&Apache::lonenc::unencrypted($symb); }
+    my ($map,$resid,$url)=split(/___/,$symb);
+    return (&fixversion($map),$resid,&fixversion($url));
+}
+
+sub fixversion {
+    my $fn=shift;
+    if ($fn=~/^(adm|uploaded|editupload|public)/) { return $fn; }
+    my %bighash;
+    my $uri=&clutter($fn);
+    my $key=$env{'request.course.id'}.'_'.$uri;
+# is this cached?
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('courseresversion',$key);
+    if (defined($cached)) { return $result; }
+# unfortunately not cached, or expired
+    if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+	    &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+ 	if ($bighash{'version_'.$uri}) {
+ 	    my $version=$bighash{'version_'.$uri};
+ 	    unless (($version eq 'mostrecent') || 
+		    ($version==&getversion($uri))) {
+ 		$uri=~s/\.(\w+)$/\.$version\.$1/;
+ 	    }
+ 	}
+ 	untie %bighash;
+    }
+    return &do_cache_new('courseresversion',$key,&declutter($uri),600);
+}
+
+sub deversion {
+    my $url=shift;
+    $url=~s/\.\d+\.(\w+)$/\.$1/;
+    return $url;
+}
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------ Return symb list entry
 
 sub symbread {
-    my ($thisfn,$donotrecurse)=@_;
+    my ($thisfn,$donotrecurse,$ignorecachednull,$checkforblock,$possibles)=@_;
+    my $cache_str='request.symbread.cached.'.$thisfn;
+    if (defined($env{$cache_str})) {
+        if ($ignorecachednull) {
+            return $env{$cache_str} unless ($env{$cache_str} eq '');
+        } else {
+            return $env{$cache_str};
+        }
+    }
 # no filename provided? try from environment
     unless ($thisfn) {
-        if ($ENV{'request.symb'}) { return &symbclean($ENV{'request.symb'}); }
-	$thisfn=$ENV{'request.filename'};
+        if ($env{'request.symb'}) {
+	    return $env{$cache_str}=&symbclean($env{'request.symb'});
+	}
+	$thisfn=$env{'request.filename'};
     }
+    if ($thisfn=~m|^/enc/|) { $thisfn=&Apache::lonenc::unencrypted($thisfn); }
 # is that filename actually a symb? Verify, clean, and return
     if ($thisfn=~/\_\_\_\d+\_\_\_(.*)$/) {
-	if (&symbverify($thisfn,$1)) { return &symbclean($thisfn); }
+	if (&symbverify($thisfn,$1)) {
+	    return $env{$cache_str}=&symbclean($thisfn);
+	}
     }
     $thisfn=declutter($thisfn);
     my %hash;
     my %bighash;
     my $syval='';
-    if (($ENV{'request.course.fn'}) && ($thisfn)) {
-        if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$ENV{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
+    if (($env{'request.course.fn'}) && ($thisfn)) {
+        my $targetfn = $thisfn;
+        if ( ($thisfn =~ m/^(uploaded|editupload)\//) && ($thisfn !~ m/\.(page|sequence)$/) ) {
+            $targetfn = 'adm/wrapper/'.$thisfn;
+        }
+	if ($targetfn =~ m|^adm/wrapper/(ext/.*)|) {
+	    $targetfn=$1;
+	}
+        if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'_symb.db',
                       &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
-	    $syval=$hash{$thisfn};
+	    $syval=$hash{$targetfn};
             untie(%hash);
         }
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- There was an entry
         if ($syval) {
-           unless ($syval=~/\_\d+$/) {
-	       unless ($ENV{'form.request.prefix'}=~/\.(\d+)\_$/) {
-                  &appenv('request.ambiguous' => $thisfn);
-                  return '';
-               }    
-               $syval.=$1;
-	   }
+	    #unless ($syval=~/\_\d+$/) {
+		#unless ($env{'form.request.prefix'}=~/\.(\d+)\_$/) {
+		    #&appenv({'request.ambiguous' => $thisfn});
+		    #return $env{$cache_str}='';
+		#}    
+		#$syval.=$1;
+	    #}
         } else {
 # ------------------------------------------------------- Was not in symb table
-           if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$ENV{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
+           if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
                             &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
 # ---------------------------------------------- Get ID(s) for current resource
               my $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.&clutter($thisfn)};
@@ -3097,19 +12617,48 @@ sub symbread {
                  if ($#possibilities==0) {
 # ----------------------------------------------- There is only one possibility
 		     my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$ids);
-                     $syval=declutter($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid}).'___'.$resid;
-                 } elsif (!$donotrecurse) {
+		     $syval=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
+						    $resid,$thisfn);
+                     if (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH') {
+                         $possibles->{$syval} = 1;    
+                     }
+                     if ($checkforblock) {
+                         my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking('bre',$syval,$bighash{'src_'.$ids});
+                         if (@blockers) {
+                             $syval = '';
+                             return;
+                         }
+                     }
+                 } elsif ((!$donotrecurse) || ($checkforblock) || (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH')) { 
 # ------------------------------------------ There is more than one possibility
                      my $realpossible=0;
-                     foreach (@possibilities) {
-			 my $file=$bighash{'src_'.$_};
-                         if (&allowed('bre',$file)) {
-         		    my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$_);
-                            if ($bighash{'map_type_'.$mapid} ne 'page') {
-				$realpossible++;
-                                $syval=declutter($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid}).
-                                       '___'.$resid;
-                            }
+                     foreach my $id (@possibilities) {
+			 my $file=$bighash{'src_'.$id};
+                         my $canaccess;
+                         if (($donotrecurse) || ($checkforblock) || (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH')) {
+                             $canaccess = 1;
+                         } else { 
+                             $canaccess = &allowed('bre',$file);
+                         }
+                         if ($canaccess) {
+         		     my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$id);
+                             if ($bighash{'map_type_'.$mapid} ne 'page') {
+                                 my $poss_syval=&encode_symb($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid},
+						             $resid,$thisfn);
+                                 if (ref($possibles) eq 'HASH') {
+                                     $possibles->{$syval} = 1;
+                                 }
+                                 if ($checkforblock) {
+                                     my @blockers = &has_comm_blocking('bre',$poss_syval,$file);
+                                     unless (@blockers > 0) {
+                                         $syval = $poss_syval;
+                                         $realpossible++;
+                                     }
+                                 } else {
+                                     $syval = $poss_syval;
+                                     $realpossible++;
+                                 }
+                             }
 			 }
                      }
 		     if ($realpossible!=1) { $syval=''; }
@@ -3117,15 +12666,15 @@ sub symbread {
                      $syval='';
                  }
 	      }
-              untie(%bighash)
-           } 
+              untie(%bighash);
+           }
         }
         if ($syval) {
-           return &symbclean($syval.'___'.$thisfn); 
+	    return $env{$cache_str}=$syval;
         }
     }
-    &appenv('request.ambiguous' => $thisfn);
-    return '';
+    &appenv({'request.ambiguous' => $thisfn});
+    return $env{$cache_str}='';
 }
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Return random seed
@@ -3139,120 +12688,728 @@ sub numval {
     $txt=~tr/U-Z/0-5/;
     $txt=~tr/u-z/0-5/;
     $txt=~s/\D//g;
+    if ($_64bit) { if ($txt > 2**32) { return -1; } }
     return int($txt);
-}    
+}
+
+sub numval2 {
+    my $txt=shift;
+    $txt=~tr/A-J/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/a-j/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/K-T/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/k-t/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/U-Z/0-5/;
+    $txt=~tr/u-z/0-5/;
+    $txt=~s/\D//g;
+    my @txts=split(/(\d\d\d\d\d\d\d\d\d)/,$txt);
+    my $total;
+    foreach my $val (@txts) { $total+=$val; }
+    if ($_64bit) { if ($total > 2**32) { return -1; } }
+    return int($total);
+}
 
+sub numval3 {
+    use integer;
+    my $txt=shift;
+    $txt=~tr/A-J/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/a-j/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/K-T/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/k-t/0-9/;
+    $txt=~tr/U-Z/0-5/;
+    $txt=~tr/u-z/0-5/;
+    $txt=~s/\D//g;
+    my @txts=split(/(\d\d\d\d\d\d\d\d\d)/,$txt);
+    my $total;
+    foreach my $val (@txts) { $total+=$val; }
+    if ($_64bit) { $total=(($total<<32)>>32); }
+    return $total;
+}
+
+sub digest {
+    my ($data)=@_;
+    my $digest=&Digest::MD5::md5($data);
+    my ($a,$b,$c,$d)=unpack("iiii",$digest);
+    my ($e,$f);
+    {
+        use integer;
+        $e=($a+$b);
+        $f=($c+$d);
+        if ($_64bit) {
+            $e=(($e<<32)>>32);
+            $f=(($f<<32)>>32);
+        }
+    }
+    if (wantarray) {
+	return ($e,$f);
+    } else {
+	my $g;
+	{
+	    use integer;
+	    $g=($e+$f);
+	    if ($_64bit) {
+		$g=(($g<<32)>>32);
+	    }
+	}
+	return $g;
+    }
+}
+
+sub latest_rnd_algorithm_id {
+    return '64bit5';
+}
+
+sub get_rand_alg {
+    my ($courseid)=@_;
+    if (!$courseid) { $courseid=(&whichuser())[1]; }
+    if ($courseid) {
+	return $env{"course.$courseid.rndseed"};
+    }
+    return &latest_rnd_algorithm_id();
+}
+
+sub validCODE {
+    my ($CODE)=@_;
+    if (defined($CODE) && $CODE ne '' && $CODE =~ /^\w+$/) { return 1; }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+sub getCODE {
+    if (&validCODE($env{'form.CODE'})) { return $env{'form.CODE'}; }
+    if ( (defined($Apache::lonhomework::parsing_a_problem) ||
+	  defined($Apache::lonhomework::parsing_a_task) ) &&
+	 &validCODE($Apache::lonhomework::history{'resource.CODE'})) {
+	return $Apache::lonhomework::history{'resource.CODE'};
+    }
+    return undef;
+}
+#
+#  Determines the random seed for a specific context:
+#
+# parameters:
+#   symb      - in course context the symb for the seed.
+#   course_id - The course id of the form domain_coursenum.
+#   domain    - Domain for the user.
+#   course    - Course for the user.
+#   cenv      - environment of the course.
+#
+# NOTE:
+#   All parameters are picked out of the environment if missing
+#   or not defined.
+#   If a symb cannot be determined the current time is used instead.
+#
+#  For a given well defined symb, courside, domain, username,
+#  and course environment, the seed is reproducible.
+#
 sub rndseed {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username, $cenv)=@_;
+    my ($wsymb,$wcourseid,$wdomain,$wusername)=&whichuser();
+    if (!defined($symb)) {
+	unless ($symb=$wsymb) { return time; }
+    }
+    if (!defined $courseid) { 
+	$courseid=$wcourseid; 
+    }
+    if (!defined $domain) { $domain=$wdomain; }
+    if (!defined $username) { $username=$wusername }
+
+    my $which;
+    if (defined($cenv->{'rndseed'})) {
+	$which = $cenv->{'rndseed'};
+    } else {
+	$which =&get_rand_alg($courseid);
+    }
+    if (defined(&getCODE())) {
+
+	if ($which eq '64bit5') {
+	    return &rndseed_CODE_64bit5($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+	} elsif ($which eq '64bit4') {
+	    return &rndseed_CODE_64bit4($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+	} else {
+	    return &rndseed_CODE_64bit($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+	}
+    } elsif ($which eq '64bit5') {
+	return &rndseed_64bit5($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+    } elsif ($which eq '64bit4') {
+	return &rndseed_64bit4($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+    } elsif ($which eq '64bit3') {
+	return &rndseed_64bit3($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+    } elsif ($which eq '64bit2') {
+	return &rndseed_64bit2($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+    } elsif ($which eq '64bit') {
+	return &rndseed_64bit($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+    }
+    return &rndseed_32bit($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
+}
+
+sub rndseed_32bit {
     my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
-    if (!$symb) {
-      unless ($symb=&symbread()) { return time; }
+    {
+	use integer;
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32C*",$symb) << 27;
+	my $symbseed=numval($symb) << 22;
+	my $namechck=unpack("%32C*",$username) << 17;
+	my $nameseed=numval($username) << 12;
+	my $domainseed=unpack("%32C*",$domain) << 7;
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32C*",$courseid);
+	my $num=$symbseed+$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed+$namechck+$symbchck;
+	#&logthis("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
+	#&logthis("rndseed :$num:$symb");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num=(($num<<32)>>32); }
+	return $num;
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_64bit {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb) << 21;
+	my $symbseed=numval($symb) << 10;
+	my $namechck=unpack("%32S*",$username);
+	
+	my $nameseed=numval($username) << 21;
+	my $domainseed=unpack("%32S*",$domain) << 10;
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid);
+	
+	my $num1=$symbchck+$symbseed+$namechck;
+	my $num2=$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed;
+	#&logthis("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
+	#&logthis("rndseed :$num:$symb");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	return "$num1,$num2";
     }
-    if (!$courseid) { $courseid=$ENV{'request.course.id'};}
-    if (!$domain) {$domain=$ENV{'user.domain'};}
-    if (!$username) {$username=$ENV{'user.name'};}
+}
+
+sub rndseed_64bit2 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
     {
-      use integer;
-      my $symbchck=unpack("%32C*",$symb) << 27;
-      my $symbseed=numval($symb) << 22;
-      my $namechck=unpack("%32C*",$username) << 17;
-      my $nameseed=numval($username) << 12;
-      my $domainseed=unpack("%32C*",$domain) << 7;
-      my $courseseed=unpack("%32C*",$courseid);
-      my $num=$symbseed+$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed+$namechck+$symbchck;
-      #uncommenting these lines can break things!
-      #&Apache::lonxml::debug("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
-      #&Apache::lonxml::debug("rndseed :$num:$symb");
-      return $num;
+	use integer;
+	# strings need to be an even # of cahracters long, it it is odd the
+        # last characters gets thrown away
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb.' ') << 21;
+	my $symbseed=numval($symb) << 10;
+	my $namechck=unpack("%32S*",$username.' ');
+	
+	my $nameseed=numval($username) << 21;
+	my $domainseed=unpack("%32S*",$domain.' ') << 10;
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid.' ');
+	
+	my $num1=$symbchck+$symbseed+$namechck;
+	my $num2=$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed;
+	#&logthis("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
+	#&logthis("rndseed :$num:$symb");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	return "$num1,$num2";
     }
 }
 
+sub rndseed_64bit3 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	# strings need to be an even # of cahracters long, it it is odd the
+        # last characters gets thrown away
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb.' ') << 21;
+	my $symbseed=numval2($symb) << 10;
+	my $namechck=unpack("%32S*",$username.' ');
+	
+	my $nameseed=numval2($username) << 21;
+	my $domainseed=unpack("%32S*",$domain.' ') << 10;
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid.' ');
+	
+	my $num1=$symbchck+$symbseed+$namechck;
+	my $num2=$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed;
+	#&logthis("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
+	#&logthis("rndseed :$num1:$num2:$_64bit");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	
+	return "$num1:$num2";
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_64bit4 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	# strings need to be an even # of cahracters long, it it is odd the
+        # last characters gets thrown away
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb.' ') << 21;
+	my $symbseed=numval3($symb) << 10;
+	my $namechck=unpack("%32S*",$username.' ');
+	
+	my $nameseed=numval3($username) << 21;
+	my $domainseed=unpack("%32S*",$domain.' ') << 10;
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid.' ');
+	
+	my $num1=$symbchck+$symbseed+$namechck;
+	my $num2=$nameseed+$domainseed+$courseseed;
+	#&logthis("$symbseed:$nameseed;$domainseed|$courseseed;$namechck:$symbchck");
+	#&logthis("rndseed :$num1:$num2:$_64bit");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	
+	return "$num1:$num2";
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_64bit5 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    my ($num1,$num2)=&digest("$symb,$courseid,$domain,$username");
+    return "$num1:$num2";
+}
+
+sub rndseed_CODE_64bit {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb.' ') << 16;
+	my $symbseed=numval2($symb);
+	my $CODEchck=unpack("%32S*",&getCODE().' ') << 16;
+	my $CODEseed=numval(&getCODE());
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid.' ');
+	my $num1=$symbseed+$CODEchck;
+	my $num2=$CODEseed+$courseseed+$symbchck;
+	#&logthis("$symbseed:$CODEchck|$CODEseed:$courseseed:$symbchck");
+	#&logthis("rndseed :$num1:$num2:$symb");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); }
+	if ($_64bit) { $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	return "$num1:$num2";
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_CODE_64bit4 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	my $symbchck=unpack("%32S*",$symb.' ') << 16;
+	my $symbseed=numval3($symb);
+	my $CODEchck=unpack("%32S*",&getCODE().' ') << 16;
+	my $CODEseed=numval3(&getCODE());
+	my $courseseed=unpack("%32S*",$courseid.' ');
+	my $num1=$symbseed+$CODEchck;
+	my $num2=$CODEseed+$courseseed+$symbchck;
+	#&logthis("$symbseed:$CODEchck|$CODEseed:$courseseed:$symbchck");
+	#&logthis("rndseed :$num1:$num2:$symb");
+	if ($_64bit) { $num1=(($num1<<32)>>32); }
+	if ($_64bit) { $num2=(($num2<<32)>>32); }
+	return "$num1:$num2";
+    }
+}
+
+sub rndseed_CODE_64bit5 {
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    my $code = &getCODE();
+    my ($num1,$num2)=&digest("$symb,$courseid,$code");
+    return "$num1:$num2";
+}
+
+sub setup_random_from_rndseed {
+    my ($rndseed)=@_;
+    if ($rndseed =~/([,:])/) {
+        my ($num1,$num2) = map { abs($_); } (split(/[,:]/,$rndseed));
+        if ((!$num1) || (!$num2) || ($num1 > 2147483562) || ($num2 > 2147483398)) {
+            &Math::Random::random_set_seed_from_phrase($rndseed);
+        } else {
+            &Math::Random::random_set_seed($num1,$num2);
+        }
+    } else {
+	&Math::Random::random_set_seed_from_phrase($rndseed);
+    }
+}
+
+sub latest_receipt_algorithm_id {
+    return 'receipt3';
+}
+
+sub recunique {
+    my $fucourseid=shift;
+    my $unique;
+    if ($env{"course.$fucourseid.receiptalg"} eq 'receipt2' ||
+	$env{"course.$fucourseid.receiptalg"} eq 'receipt3' ) {
+	$unique=$env{"course.$fucourseid.internal.encseed"};
+    } else {
+	$unique=$perlvar{'lonReceipt'};
+    }
+    return unpack("%32C*",$unique);
+}
+
+sub recprefix {
+    my $fucourseid=shift;
+    my $prefix;
+    if ($env{"course.$fucourseid.receiptalg"} eq 'receipt2'||
+	$env{"course.$fucourseid.receiptalg"} eq 'receipt3' ) {
+	$prefix=$env{"course.$fucourseid.internal.encpref"};
+    } else {
+	$prefix=$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    }
+    return unpack("%32C*",$prefix);
+}
+
 sub ireceipt {
-    my ($funame,$fudom,$fucourseid,$fusymb)=@_;
+    my ($funame,$fudom,$fucourseid,$fusymb,$part)=@_;
+
+    my $return =&recprefix($fucourseid).'-';
+
+    if ($env{"course.$fucourseid.receiptalg"} eq 'receipt3' ||
+	$env{'request.state'} eq 'construct') {
+	$return .= (&digest("$funame,$fudom,$fucourseid,$fusymb,$part")%10000);
+	return $return;
+    }
+
     my $cuname=unpack("%32C*",$funame);
     my $cudom=unpack("%32C*",$fudom);
     my $cucourseid=unpack("%32C*",$fucourseid);
     my $cusymb=unpack("%32C*",$fusymb);
-    my $cunique=unpack("%32C*",$perlvar{'lonReceipt'});
-    return unpack("%32C*",$perlvar{'lonHostID'}).'-'.
-           ($cunique%$cuname+
-            $cunique%$cudom+
-            $cusymb%$cuname+
-            $cusymb%$cudom+
-            $cucourseid%$cuname+
-            $cucourseid%$cudom);
+    my $cunique=&recunique($fucourseid);
+    my $cpart=unpack("%32S*",$part);
+    if ($env{"course.$fucourseid.receiptalg"} eq 'receipt2') {
+
+	#&logthis("doing receipt2  using parts $cpart, uname $cuname and udom $cudom gets  ".($cpart%$cuname)." and ".($cpart%$cudom));
+			       
+	$return.= ($cunique%$cuname+
+		   $cunique%$cudom+
+		   $cusymb%$cuname+
+		   $cusymb%$cudom+
+		   $cucourseid%$cuname+
+		   $cucourseid%$cudom+
+		   $cpart%$cuname+
+		   $cpart%$cudom);
+    } else {
+	$return.= ($cunique%$cuname+
+		   $cunique%$cudom+
+		   $cusymb%$cuname+
+		   $cusymb%$cudom+
+		   $cucourseid%$cuname+
+		   $cucourseid%$cudom);
+    }
+    return $return;
 }
 
 sub receipt {
-  my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$name) = &Apache::lonxml::whichuser();
-  return &ireceipt($name,$domain,$courseid,$symb);
+    my ($part)=@_;
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$name) = &whichuser();
+    return &ireceipt($name,$domain,$courseid,$symb,$part);
+}
+
+sub whichuser {
+    my ($passedsymb)=@_;
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$name,$publicuser);
+    if (defined($env{'form.grade_symb'})) {
+	my ($tmp_courseid)=&get_env_multiple('form.grade_courseid');
+	my $allowed=&allowed('vgr',$tmp_courseid);
+	if (!$allowed &&
+	    exists($env{'request.course.sec'}) &&
+	    $env{'request.course.sec'} !~ /^\s*$/) {
+	    $allowed=&allowed('vgr',$tmp_courseid.
+			      '/'.$env{'request.course.sec'});
+	}
+	if ($allowed) {
+	    ($symb)=&get_env_multiple('form.grade_symb');
+	    $courseid=$tmp_courseid;
+	    ($domain)=&get_env_multiple('form.grade_domain');
+	    ($name)=&get_env_multiple('form.grade_username');
+	    return ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$name,$publicuser);
+	}
+    }
+    if (!$passedsymb) {
+	$symb=&symbread();
+    } else {
+	$symb=$passedsymb;
+    }
+    $courseid=$env{'request.course.id'};
+    $domain=$env{'user.domain'};
+    $name=$env{'user.name'};
+    if ($name eq 'public' && $domain eq 'public') {
+	if (!defined($env{'form.username'})) {
+	    $env{'form.username'}.=time.rand(10000000);
+	}
+	$name.=$env{'form.username'};
+    }
+    return ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$name,$publicuser);
+
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Serves up a file
-# returns either the contents of the file or a -1
+# returns either the contents of the file or 
+# -1 if the file doesn't exist
+#
+# if the target is a file that was uploaded via DOCS, 
+# a check will be made to see if a current copy exists on the local server,
+# if it does this will be served, otherwise a copy will be retrieved from
+# the home server for the course and stored in /home/httpd/html/userfiles on
+# the local server.   
+
 sub getfile {
- my $file=shift;
- if ($file=~/^\/*uploaded\//) { # user file
-    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
-    my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',&tokenwrapper($file));
-    my $response=$ua->request($request);
-    if ($response->is_success()) {
-       return $response->content;
-    } else { 
-       return -1; 
+    my ($file) = @_;
+    if ($file =~ m -^/*(uploaded|editupload)/-) { $file=&filelocation("",$file); }
+    &repcopy($file);
+    return &readfile($file);
+}
+
+sub repcopy_userfile {
+    my ($file)=@_;
+    my $londocroot = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
+    if ($file =~ m{^/*(uploaded|editupload)/}) { $file=&filelocation("",$file); }
+    if ($file =~ m{^\Q/home/httpd/lonUsers/\E}) { return 'ok'; }
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$filename) = 
+	($file=~m|^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E/+userfiles/+($match_domain)/+($match_name)/+(.*)|);
+    my $uri="/uploaded/$cdom/$cnum/$filename";
+    if (-e "$file") {
+# we already have a local copy, check it out
+	my @fileinfo = stat($file);
+	my $rtncode;
+	my $info;
+	my $lwpresp = &getuploaded('HEAD',$uri,$cdom,$cnum,\$info,\$rtncode);
+	if ($lwpresp ne 'ok') {
+# there is no such file anymore, even though we had a local copy
+	    if ($rtncode eq '404') {
+		unlink($file);
+	    }
+	    return -1;
+	}
+	if ($info < $fileinfo[9]) {
+# nice, the file we have is up-to-date, just say okay
+	    return 'ok';
+	} else {
+# the file is outdated, get rid of it
+	    unlink($file);
+	}
     }
- } else { # normal file from res space
-  &repcopy($file);
-  if (! -e $file ) { return -1; };
-  my $fh=Apache::File->new($file);
-  my $a='';
-  while (<$fh>) { $a .=$_; }
-  return $a;
- }
+# one way or the other, at this point, we don't have the file
+# construct the correct path for the file
+    my @parts = ($cdom,$cnum); 
+    if ($filename =~ m|^(.+)/[^/]+$|) {
+	push @parts, split(/\//,$1);
+    }
+    my $path = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/userfiles';
+    foreach my $part (@parts) {
+	$path .= '/'.$part;
+	if (!-e $path) {
+	    mkdir($path,0770);
+	}
+    }
+# now the path exists for sure
+# get a user agent
+    my $transferfile=$file.'.in.transfer';
+# FIXME: this should flock
+    if (-e $transferfile) { return 'ok'; }
+    my $request;
+    $uri=~s/^\///;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
+    $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+    $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$protocol.'://'.&hostname($homeserver).'/raw/'.$uri);
+    my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($homeserver,$request,$transferfile,\%perlvar,'',0,1);
+# did it work?
+    if ($response->is_error()) {
+	unlink($transferfile);
+	&logthis("Userfile repcopy failed for $uri");
+	return -1;
+    }
+# worked, rename the transfer file
+    rename($transferfile,$file);
+    return 'ok';
+}
+
+sub tokenwrapper {
+    my $uri=shift;
+    $uri=~s|^https?\://([^/]+)||;
+    $uri=~s|^/||;
+    $env{'user.environment'}=~/\/([^\/]+)\.id/;
+    my $token=$1;
+    my (undef,$udom,$uname,$file)=split('/',$uri,4);
+    if ($udom && $uname && $file) {
+	$file=~s|(\?\.*)*$||;
+        &appenv({"userfile.$udom/$uname/$file" => $env{'request.course.id'}});
+        my $homeserver = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
+        $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+        return $protocol.'://'.&hostname($homeserver).'/'.$uri.
+               (($uri=~/\?/)?'&':'?').'token='.$token.
+                               '&tokenissued='.$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    } else {
+        return '/adm/notfound.html';
+    }
+}
+
+# call with reqtype HEAD: get last modification time
+# call with reqtype GET: get the file contents
+# Do not call this with reqtype GET for large files! It loads everything into memory
+#
+sub getuploaded {
+    my ($reqtype,$uri,$cdom,$cnum,$info,$rtncode) = @_;
+    $uri=~s/^\///;
+    my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+    my $protocol = $protocol{$homeserver};
+    $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+    $uri = $protocol.'://'.&hostname($homeserver).'/raw/'.$uri;
+    my $request=new HTTP::Request($reqtype,$uri);
+    my $response=&LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest($homeserver,$request,'',\%perlvar,'',0,1);
+    $$rtncode = $response->code;
+    if (! $response->is_success()) {
+	return 'failed';
+    }      
+    if ($reqtype eq 'HEAD') {
+	$$info = &HTTP::Date::str2time( $response->header('Last-modified') );
+    } elsif ($reqtype eq 'GET') {
+	$$info = $response->content;
+    }
+    return 'ok';
+}
+
+sub readfile {
+    my $file = shift;
+    if ( (! -e $file ) || ($file eq '') ) { return -1; };
+    my $fh;
+    open($fh,"<",$file);
+    my $a='';
+    while (my $line = <$fh>) { $a .= $line; }
+    return $a;
 }
 
 sub filelocation {
-  my ($dir,$file) = @_;
-  my $location;
-  $file=~ s/^\s*(\S+)\s*$/$1/; ## strip off leading and trailing spaces
-  if ($file=~m:^/~:) { # is a contruction space reference
-    $location = $file;
-    $location =~ s:/~(.*?)/(.*):/home/$1/public_html/$2:;
-  } elsif ($file=~/^\/*uploaded/) { # is an uploaded file
-    $location=$file;
-  } else {
-    $file=~s/^$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}//;
-    $file=~s:^/*res::;
-    if ( !( $file =~ m:^/:) ) {
-      $location = $dir. '/'.$file;
+    my ($dir,$file) = @_;
+    my $location;
+    $file=~ s/^\s*(\S+)\s*$/$1/; ## strip off leading and trailing spaces
+
+    if ($file =~ m-^/adm/-) {
+	$file=~s-^/adm/wrapper/-/-;
+	$file=~s-^/adm/coursedocs/showdoc/-/-;
+    }
+
+    if ($file =~ m-^\Q$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonTabDir'}\E/-) {
+        $location = $file;
+    } elsif ($file=~/^\/*(uploaded|editupload)/) { # is an uploaded file
+        my ($udom,$uname,$filename)=
+  	    ($file=~m -^/+(?:uploaded|editupload)/+($match_domain)/+($match_name)/+(.*)$-);
+        my $home=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
+        my $is_me=0;
+        my @ids=&current_machine_ids();
+        foreach my $id (@ids) { if ($id eq $home) { $is_me=1; } }
+        if ($is_me) {
+  	    $location=propath($udom,$uname).'/userfiles/'.$filename;
+        } else {
+  	  $location=$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/userfiles/'.
+  	      $udom.'/'.$uname.'/'.$filename;
+        }
+    } elsif ($file =~ m-^/adm/-) {
+	$location = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/'.$file;
     } else {
-      $location = '/home/httpd/html/res'.$file;
+        $file=~s/^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E//;
+        $file=~s:^/(res|priv)/:/:;
+        my $space=$1;
+        if ( !( $file =~ m:^/:) ) {
+            $location = $dir. '/'.$file;
+        } else {
+            $location = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/'.$space.$file;
+        }
     }
-  }
-  $location=~s://+:/:g; # remove duplicate /
-  while ($location=~m:/\.\./:) {$location=~ s:/[^/]+/\.\./:/:g;} #remove dir/..
-  return $location;
+    $location=~s://+:/:g; # remove duplicate /
+    while ($location=~m{/\.\./}) {
+	if ($location =~ m{/[^/]+/\.\./}) {
+	    $location=~ s{/[^/]+/\.\./}{/}g;
+	} else {
+	    $location=~ s{/\.\./}{/}g;
+	}
+    } #remove dir/..
+    while ($location=~m:/\./:) {$location=~ s:/\./:/:g;} #remove /./
+    return $location;
 }
 
 sub hreflocation {
     my ($dir,$file)=@_;
-    unless (($file=~/^http:\/\//i) || ($file=~/^\//)) {
-       my $finalpath=filelocation($dir,$file);
-       $finalpath=~s/^\/home\/httpd\/html//;
-       $finalpath=~s-/home/(\w+)/public_html/-/~$1/-;
-       return $finalpath;
-    } else {
-       return $file;
+    unless (($file=~m-^https?\://-i) || ($file=~m-^/-)) {
+	$file=filelocation($dir,$file);
+    } elsif ($file=~m-^/adm/-) {
+	$file=~s-^/adm/wrapper/-/-;
+	$file=~s-^/adm/coursedocs/showdoc/-/-;
+    }
+    if ($file=~m-^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E-) {
+	$file=~s-^\Q$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}\E--;
+    } elsif ($file=~m-^\Q$perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}\E-) {
+	$file=~s{^/home/httpd/lonUsers/($match_domain)/./././($match_name)/userfiles/}
+	        {/uploaded/$1/$2/}x;
     }
+    if ($file=~ m{^/userfiles/}) {
+	$file =~ s{^/userfiles/}{/uploaded/};
+    }
+    return $file;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+sub current_machine_domains {
+    return &machine_domains(&hostname($perlvar{'lonHostID'}));
+}
+
+sub machine_domains {
+    my ($hostname) = @_;
+    my @domains;
+    my %hostname = &all_hostnames();
+    while( my($id, $name) = each(%hostname)) {
+#	&logthis("-$id-$name-$hostname-");
+	if ($hostname eq $name) {
+	    push(@domains,&host_domain($id));
+	}
+    }
+    return @domains;
+}
+
+sub current_machine_ids {
+    return &machine_ids(&hostname($perlvar{'lonHostID'}));
+}
+
+sub machine_ids {
+    my ($hostname) = @_;
+    $hostname ||= &hostname($perlvar{'lonHostID'});
+    my @ids;
+    my %name_to_host = &all_names();
+    if (ref($name_to_host{$hostname}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+	return @{ $name_to_host{$hostname} };
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub additional_machine_domains {
+    my @domains;
+    open(my $fh,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/expected_domains.tab");
+    while( my $line = <$fh>) {
+        $line =~ s/\s//g;
+        push(@domains,$line);
+    }
+    return @domains;
+}
+
+sub default_login_domain {
+    my $domain = $perlvar{'lonDefDomain'};
+    my $testdomain=(split(/\./,$ENV{'HTTP_HOST'}))[0];
+    foreach my $posdom (&current_machine_domains(),
+                        &additional_machine_domains()) {
+        if (lc($posdom) eq lc($testdomain)) {
+            $domain=$posdom;
+            last;
+        }
+    }
+    return $domain;
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Declutters URLs
 
 sub declutter {
     my $thisfn=shift;
-    $thisfn=~s/^$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}//;
+    if ($thisfn=~m|^/enc/|) { $thisfn=&Apache::lonenc::unencrypted($thisfn); }
+    unless ($thisfn=~m{^/home/httpd/html/priv/}) {
+        $thisfn=~s{^/home/httpd/html}{};
+    }
     $thisfn=~s/^\///;
+    $thisfn=~s|^adm/wrapper/||;
+    $thisfn=~s|^adm/coursedocs/showdoc/||;
     $thisfn=~s/^res\///;
-    $thisfn=~s/\?.+$//;
+    $thisfn=~s/^priv\///;
+    unless (($thisfn =~ /^ext/) || ($thisfn =~ /\.(page|sequence)___\d+___ext/)) {
+        $thisfn=~s/\?.+$//;
+    }
     return $thisfn;
 }
 
@@ -3260,143 +13417,836 @@ sub declutter {
 
 sub clutter {
     my $thisfn='/'.&declutter(shift);
-    unless ($thisfn=~/^\/(uploaded|adm|userfiles|ext|raw|priv)\//) { 
+    if ($thisfn !~ m{^/(uploaded|editupload|adm|userfiles|ext|raw|priv|public)/}
+	|| $thisfn =~ m{^/adm/(includes|pages)} ) { 
        $thisfn='/res'.$thisfn; 
     }
+    if ($thisfn !~m|^/adm|) {
+	if ($thisfn =~ m|^/ext/|) {
+	    $thisfn='/adm/wrapper'.$thisfn;
+	} else {
+	    my ($ext) = ($thisfn =~ /\.(\w+)$/);
+	    my $embstyle=&Apache::loncommon::fileembstyle($ext);
+	    if ($embstyle eq 'ssi'
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'hdn')
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'rat')
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'prv')
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'ign')) {
+		#do nothing with these
+	    } elsif (($embstyle eq 'img') 
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'emb')
+		|| ($embstyle eq 'wrp')) {
+		$thisfn='/adm/wrapper'.$thisfn;
+	    } elsif ($embstyle eq 'unk'
+		     && $thisfn!~/\.(sequence|page)$/) {
+		$thisfn='/adm/coursedocs/showdoc'.$thisfn;
+	    } else {
+#		&logthis("Got a blank emb style");
+	    }
+	}
+    } elsif ($thisfn =~ m{^/adm/$match_domain/$match_courseid/\d+/ext\.tool$}) {
+        $thisfn='/adm/wrapper'.$thisfn;
+    }
     return $thisfn;
 }
 
-# -------------------------------------------------------- Escape Special Chars
+sub clutter_with_no_wrapper {
+    my $uri = &clutter(shift);
+    if ($uri =~ m-^/adm/-) {
+	$uri =~ s-^/adm/wrapper/-/-;
+	$uri =~ s-^/adm/coursedocs/showdoc/-/-;
+    }
+    return $uri;
+}
 
-sub escape {
-    my $str=shift;
-    $str =~ s/(\W)/"%".unpack('H2',$1)/eg;
-    return $str;
+sub freeze_escape {
+    my ($value)=@_;
+    if (ref($value)) {
+	$value=&nfreeze($value);
+	return '__FROZEN__'.&escape($value);
+    }
+    return &escape($value);
 }
 
-# ----------------------------------------------------- Un-Escape Special Chars
 
-sub unescape {
-    my $str=shift;
-    $str =~ s/%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])/pack("C",hex($1))/eg;
-    return $str;
+sub thaw_unescape {
+    my ($value)=@_;
+    if ($value =~ /^__FROZEN__/) {
+	substr($value,0,10,undef);
+	$value=&unescape($value);
+	return &thaw($value);
+    }
+    return &unescape($value);
 }
 
+sub correct_line_ends {
+    my ($result)=@_;
+    $$result =~s/\r\n/\n/mg;
+    $$result =~s/\r/\n/mg;
+}
 # ================================================================ Main Program
 
 sub goodbye {
    &logthis("Starting Shut down");
+#not converted to using infrastruture and probably shouldn't be
+   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%badServerCache',length(&nfreeze(\%badServerCache))));
+#converted
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%metacache',scalar(%metacache)));
+   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%homecache',length(&nfreeze(\%homecache))));
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%titlecache',length(&nfreeze(\%titlecache))));
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%courseresdatacache',length(&nfreeze(\%courseresdatacache))));
+#1.1 only
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%userresdatacache',length(&nfreeze(\%userresdatacache))));
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%getsectioncache',length(&nfreeze(\%getsectioncache))));
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%courseresversioncache',length(&nfreeze(\%courseresversioncache))));
+#   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%resversioncache',length(&nfreeze(\%resversioncache))));
+   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'%remembered',length(&nfreeze(\%remembered))));
+   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'kicks',$kicks));
+   &logthis(sprintf("%-20s is %s",'hits',$hits));
    &flushcourselogs();
    &logthis("Shutting down");
 }
 
-BEGIN {
-# ----------------------------------- Read loncapa.conf and loncapa_apache.conf
-    unless ($readit) {
-{
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("/etc/httpd/conf/loncapa.conf");
+sub get_dns {
+    my ($url,$func,$ignore_cache,$nocache,$hashref) = @_;
+    if (!$ignore_cache) {
+	my ($content,$cached)=
+	    &Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('dns',$url);
+	if ($cached) {
+	    &$func($content,$hashref);
+	    return;
+	}
+    }
 
-    while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-        if ($configline =~ /^[^\#]*PerlSetVar/) {
-	   my ($dummy,$varname,$varvalue)=split(/\s+/,$configline);
-           chomp($varvalue);
-           $perlvar{$varname}=$varvalue;
+    my %alldns;
+    if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab")) {
+        foreach my $dns (<$config>) {
+	    next if ($dns !~ /^\^(\S*)/x);
+            my $line = $1;
+            my ($host,$protocol) = split(/:/,$line);
+            if ($protocol ne 'https') {
+                $protocol = 'http';
+            }
+	    $alldns{$host} = $protocol;
+        }
+        close($config);
+    }
+    while (%alldns) {
+	my ($dns) = sort { $b cmp $a } keys(%alldns);
+	my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$alldns{$dns}://$dns$url");
+        my $response = &LONCAPA::LWPReq::makerequest('',$request,'',\%perlvar,30,0);
+        delete($alldns{$dns});
+	next if ($response->is_error());
+        if ($url eq '/adm/dns/loncapaCRL') {
+            return &$func($response);
+        } else {
+	    my @content = split("\n",$response->content);
+	    unless ($nocache) {
+	        &do_cache_new('dns',$url,\@content,30*24*60*60);
+	    }
+	    &$func(\@content,$hashref);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    my $which = (split('/',$url,4))[3];
+    if ($which eq 'loncapaCRL') {
+        my $diskfile = "$perlvar{'lonCertificateDirectory'}/$perlvar{'lonnetCertRevocationList'}";
+        if (-e $diskfile) {
+            &logthis("unable to contact DNS, on disk file $diskfile not updated");
+        } else {
+            &logthis("unable to contact DNS, no on disk file $diskfile available");
+        }
+    } else {
+        &logthis("unable to contact DNS defaulting to on disk file dns_$which.tab\n");
+        if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/dns_$which.tab")) {
+            my @content = <$config>;
+            close($config);
+            &$func(\@content,$hashref);
         }
     }
+    return;
 }
-{
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("/etc/httpd/conf/loncapa_apache.conf");
 
-    while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-        if ($configline =~ /^[^\#]*PerlSetVar/) {
-	   my ($dummy,$varname,$varvalue)=split(/\s+/,$configline);
-           chomp($varvalue);
-           $perlvar{$varname}=$varvalue;
+# ------------------------------------------------------Get DNS checksums file
+sub parse_dns_checksums_tab {
+    my ($lines,$hashref) = @_;
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $machine_dom = &Apache::lonnet::host_domain($lonhost);
+    my $loncaparev = &get_server_loncaparev($machine_dom);
+    my $distro = (split(/\:/,&get_server_distarch($lonhost)))[0];
+    my $webconfdir = '/etc/httpd/conf';
+    if ($distro =~ /^(ubuntu|debian)(\d+)$/) {
+        $webconfdir = '/etc/apache2';
+    } elsif ($distro =~ /^sles(\d+)$/) {
+        if ($1 >= 10) {
+            $webconfdir = '/etc/apache2';
+        }
+    } elsif ($distro =~ /^suse(\d+\.\d+)$/) {
+        if ($1 >= 10.0) {
+            $webconfdir = '/etc/apache2';
+        }
+    }
+    my ($release,$timestamp) = split(/\-/,$loncaparev);
+    my (%chksum,%revnum);
+    if (ref($lines) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        chomp(@{$lines});
+        my $version = shift(@{$lines});
+        if ($version eq $release) {  
+            foreach my $line (@{$lines}) {
+                my ($file,$version,$shasum) = split(/,/,$line);
+                if ($file =~ m{^/etc/httpd/conf}) {
+                    if ($webconfdir eq '/etc/apache2') {
+                        $file =~ s{^\Q/etc/httpd/conf/\E}{$webconfdir/};
+                    }
+                }
+                $chksum{$file} = $shasum;
+                $revnum{$file} = $version;
+            }
+            if (ref($hashref) eq 'HASH') {
+                %{$hashref} = (
+                                sums     => \%chksum,
+                                versions => \%revnum,
+                              );
+            }
         }
     }
+    return;
 }
 
+sub fetch_dns_checksums {
+    my %checksums;
+    my $machine_dom = &Apache::lonnet::host_domain($perlvar{'lonHostID'});
+    my $loncaparev = &get_server_loncaparev($machine_dom,$perlvar{'lonHostID'});
+    my ($release,$timestamp) = split(/\-/,$loncaparev);
+    &get_dns("/adm/dns/checksums/$release",\&parse_dns_checksums_tab,1,1,
+             \%checksums);
+    return \%checksums;
+}
+
+sub fetch_crl_pemfile {
+    return &get_dns("/adm/dns/loncapaCRL",\&save_crl_pem,1,1);
+}
+
+sub save_crl_pem {
+    my ($response) = @_;
+    my $msg;
+    if (ref($response)) {
+        my $now = time;
+        my $lonca = $perlvar{'lonCertificateDirectory'}.'/'.$perlvar{'lonnetCertificateAuthority'};
+        my $tmpcrl = $tmpdir.'/'.$perlvar{'lonnetCertRevocationList'}.'_'.$now.'.'.$$.'.tmp';
+        if (open(my $fh,'>',"$tmpcrl")) {
+            print $fh $response->content;
+            close($fh);
+            if (-e $lonca) {
+                if (open(PIPE,"openssl crl -in $tmpcrl -inform pem -CAfile $lonca -noout 2>&1 |")) {
+                    my $check = <PIPE>;
+                    close(PIPE);
+                    chomp($check);
+                    if ($check eq 'verify OK') {
+                        my $dest = "$perlvar{'lonCertificateDirectory'}/$perlvar{'lonnetCertRevocationList'}";
+                        if (-e $dest) {
+                            &File::Copy::move($dest,"$dest.bak");
+                        }
+                        if (&File::Copy::move($tmpcrl,$dest)) {
+                            $msg = 'ok';
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        unlink($tmpcrl);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    unlink($tmpcrl);
+                }
+            } else {
+                unlink($tmpcrl);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $msg;
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ Read domain file
+{
+    my $loaded;
+    my %domain;
+
+    sub parse_domain_tab {
+	my ($lines) = @_;
+	foreach my $line (@$lines) {
+	    next if ($line =~ /^(\#|\s*$ )/x);
+
+	    chomp($line);
+	    my ($name,@elements) = split(/:/,$line,9);
+	    my %this_domain;
+	    foreach my $field ('description', 'auth_def', 'auth_arg_def',
+			       'lang_def', 'city', 'longi', 'lati',
+			       'primary') {
+		$this_domain{$field} = shift(@elements);
+	    }
+	    $domain{$name} = \%this_domain;
+	}
+    }
+
+    sub reset_domain_info {
+	undef($loaded);
+	undef(%domain);
+    }
+
+    sub load_domain_tab {
+	my ($ignore_cache,$nocache) = @_;
+	&get_dns('/adm/dns/domain',\&parse_domain_tab,$ignore_cache,$nocache);
+	my $fh;
+	if (open($fh,"<",$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/domain.tab')) {
+	    my @lines = <$fh>;
+	    &parse_domain_tab(\@lines);
+	}
+	close($fh);
+	$loaded = 1;
+    }
+
+    sub domain {
+	&load_domain_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+	my ($name,$what) = @_;
+	return if ( !exists($domain{$name}) );
+
+	if (!$what) {
+	    return $domain{$name}{'description'};
+	}
+	return $domain{$name}{$what};
+    }
+
+    sub domain_info {
+        &load_domain_tab() if (!$loaded);
+        return %domain;
+    }
+
+}
+
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Read hosts file
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab");
+    my %hostname;
+    my %hostdom;
+    my %libserv;
+    my $loaded;
+    my %name_to_host;
+    my %internetdom;
+    my %LC_dns_serv;
+
+    sub parse_hosts_tab {
+	my ($file) = @_;
+	foreach my $configline (@$file) {
+	    next if ($configline =~ /^(\#|\s*$ )/x);
+            chomp($configline);
+	    if ($configline =~ /^\^/) {
+                if ($configline =~ /^\^([\w.\-]+)/) {
+                    $LC_dns_serv{$1} = 1;
+                }
+                next;
+            }
+	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$protocol,$intdom)=split(/:/,$configline);
+	    $name=~s/\s//g;
+	    if ($id && $domain && $role && $name) {
+                if ((exists($hostname{$id})) && ($hostname{$id} ne '')) {
+                    my $curr = $hostname{$id};
+                    my $skip;
+                    if (ref($name_to_host{$curr}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                        if (($curr eq $name) && (@{$name_to_host{$curr}} == 1)) {
+                            $skip = 1;
+                        } else {
+                            @{$name_to_host{$curr}} = grep { $_ ne $id } @{$name_to_host{$curr}};
+                        }
+                    }
+                    unless ($skip) {
+                        push(@{$name_to_host{$name}},$id);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    push(@{$name_to_host{$name}},$id);
+                }
+		$hostname{$id}=$name;
+		$hostdom{$id}=$domain;
+		if ($role eq 'library') { $libserv{$id}=$name; }
+                if (defined($protocol)) {
+                    if ($protocol eq 'https') {
+                        $protocol{$id} = $protocol;
+                    } else {
+                        $protocol{$id} = 'http'; 
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $protocol{$id} = 'http';
+                }
+                if (defined($intdom)) {
+                    $internetdom{$id} = $intdom;
+                }
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    
+    sub reset_hosts_info {
+	&purge_remembered();
+	&reset_domain_info();
+	&reset_hosts_ip_info();
+        undef(%internetdom);
+	undef(%name_to_host);
+	undef(%hostname);
+	undef(%hostdom);
+	undef(%libserv);
+	undef($loaded);
+    }
 
-    while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-       chomp($configline);
-       my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$ip,$domdescr)=split(/:/,$configline);
-       if ($id && $domain && $role && $name && $ip) {
-	 $hostname{$id}=$name;
-	 $hostdom{$id}=$domain;
-	 $hostip{$id}=$ip;
-	 if ($domdescr) { $domaindescription{$domain}=$domdescr; }
-	 if ($role eq 'library') { $libserv{$id}=$name; }
-       } else {
-	 if ($configline) {
-	   &logthis("Skipping hosts.tab line -$configline-");
-	 }
-       }
+    sub load_hosts_tab {
+	my ($ignore_cache,$nocache) = @_;
+	&get_dns('/adm/dns/hosts',\&parse_hosts_tab,$ignore_cache,$nocache);
+	open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/hosts.tab");
+	my @config = <$config>;
+	&parse_hosts_tab(\@config);
+	close($config);
+	$loaded=1;
     }
+
+    sub hostname {
+	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+	my ($lonid) = @_;
+	return $hostname{$lonid};
+    }
+
+    sub all_hostnames {
+	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+	return %hostname;
+    }
+
+    sub all_names {
+        my ($ignore_cache,$nocache) = @_;
+	&load_hosts_tab($ignore_cache,$nocache) if (!$loaded);
+
+	return %name_to_host;
+    }
+
+    sub all_host_domain {
+        &load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+        return %hostdom;
+    }
+
+    sub all_host_intdom {
+        &load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+        return %internetdom;
+    }
+
+    sub is_library {
+	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+	return exists($libserv{$_[0]});
+    }
+
+    sub all_library {
+	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+	return %libserv;
+    }
+
+    sub unique_library {
+	#2x reverse removes all hostnames that appear more than once
+        my %unique = reverse &all_library();
+        return reverse %unique;
+    }
+
+    sub get_servers {
+	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+	my ($domain,$type) = @_;
+	my %possible_hosts = ($type eq 'library') ? %libserv
+	                                          : %hostname;
+	my %result;
+	if (ref($domain) eq 'ARRAY') {
+	    while ( my ($host,$hostname) = each(%possible_hosts)) {
+		if (grep(/^\Q$hostdom{$host}\E$/,@$domain)) {
+		    $result{$host} = $hostname;
+		}
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    while ( my ($host,$hostname) = each(%possible_hosts)) {
+		if ($hostdom{$host} eq $domain) {
+		    $result{$host} = $hostname;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	return %result;
+    }
+
+    sub get_unique_servers {
+        my %unique = reverse &get_servers(@_);
+	return reverse %unique;
+    }
+
+    sub host_domain {
+	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+	my ($lonid) = @_;
+	return $hostdom{$lonid};
+    }
+
+    sub all_domains {
+	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+	my %seen;
+	my @uniq = grep(!$seen{$_}++, values(%hostdom));
+	return @uniq;
+    }
+
+    sub internet_dom {
+        &load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+        my ($lonid) = @_;
+        return $internetdom{$lonid};
+    }
+
+    sub is_LC_dns {
+        &load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+        my ($hostname) = @_;
+        return exists($LC_dns_serv{$hostname});
+    }
+
 }
 
+{ 
+    my %iphost;
+    my %name_to_ip;
+    my %lonid_to_ip;
+
+    sub get_hosts_from_ip {
+	my ($ip) = @_;
+	my %iphosts = &get_iphost();
+	if (ref($iphosts{$ip})) {
+	    return @{$iphosts{$ip}};
+	}
+	return;
+    }
+    
+    sub reset_hosts_ip_info {
+	undef(%iphost);
+	undef(%name_to_ip);
+	undef(%lonid_to_ip);
+    }
+
+    sub get_host_ip {
+	my ($lonid) = @_;
+	if (exists($lonid_to_ip{$lonid})) {
+	    return $lonid_to_ip{$lonid};
+	}
+	my $name=&hostname($lonid);
+   	my $ip = gethostbyname($name);
+	return if (!$ip || length($ip) ne 4);
+	$ip=inet_ntoa($ip);
+	$name_to_ip{$name}   = $ip;
+	$lonid_to_ip{$lonid} = $ip;
+	return $ip;
+    }
+    
+    sub get_iphost {
+	my ($ignore_cache,$nocache) = @_;
+
+	if (!$ignore_cache) {
+	    if (%iphost) {
+		return %iphost;
+	    }
+	    my ($ip_info,$cached)=
+		&Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('iphost','iphost');
+	    if ($cached) {
+		%iphost      = %{$ip_info->[0]};
+		%name_to_ip  = %{$ip_info->[1]};
+		%lonid_to_ip = %{$ip_info->[2]};
+		return %iphost;
+	    }
+	}
+
+	# get yesterday's info for fallback
+	my %old_name_to_ip;
+	my ($ip_info,$cached)=
+	    &Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('iphost','iphost');
+	if ($cached) {
+	    %old_name_to_ip = %{$ip_info->[1]};
+	}
+
+	my %name_to_host = &all_names($ignore_cache,$nocache);
+	foreach my $name (keys(%name_to_host)) {
+	    my $ip;
+	    if (!exists($name_to_ip{$name})) {
+		$ip = gethostbyname($name);
+		if (!$ip || length($ip) ne 4) {
+		    if (defined($old_name_to_ip{$name})) {
+			$ip = $old_name_to_ip{$name};
+			&logthis("Can't find $name defaulting to old $ip");
+		    } else {
+			&logthis("Name $name no IP found");
+			next;
+		    }
+		} else {
+		    $ip=inet_ntoa($ip);
+		}
+		$name_to_ip{$name} = $ip;
+	    } else {
+		$ip = $name_to_ip{$name};
+	    }
+	    foreach my $id (@{ $name_to_host{$name} }) {
+		$lonid_to_ip{$id} = $ip;
+	    }
+	    push(@{$iphost{$ip}},@{$name_to_host{$name}});
+	}
+        unless ($nocache) {
+	    &do_cache_new('iphost','iphost',
+		          [\%iphost,\%name_to_ip,\%lonid_to_ip],
+		          48*60*60);
+        }
+
+	return %iphost;
+    }
+
+    #
+    #  Given a DNS returns the loncapa host name for that DNS 
+    # 
+    sub host_from_dns {
+        my ($dns) = @_;
+        my @hosts;
+        my $ip;
+
+        if (exists($name_to_ip{$dns})) {
+            $ip = $name_to_ip{$dns};
+        }
+        if (!$ip) {
+            $ip = gethostbyname($dns); # Initial translation to IP is in net order.
+            if (length($ip) == 4) { 
+	        $ip   = &IO::Socket::inet_ntoa($ip);
+            }
+        }
+        if ($ip) {
+	    @hosts = get_hosts_from_ip($ip);
+	    return $hosts[0];
+        }
+        return undef;
+    }
+
+    sub get_internet_names {
+        my ($lonid) = @_;
+        return if ($lonid eq '');
+        my ($idnref,$cached)=
+            &Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('internetnames',$lonid);
+        if ($cached) {
+            return $idnref;
+        }
+        my $ip = &get_host_ip($lonid);
+        my @hosts = &get_hosts_from_ip($ip);
+        my %iphost = &get_iphost();
+        my (@idns,%seen);
+        foreach my $id (@hosts) {
+            my $dom = &host_domain($id);
+            my $prim_id = &domain($dom,'primary');
+            my $prim_ip = &get_host_ip($prim_id);
+            next if ($seen{$prim_ip});
+            if (ref($iphost{$prim_ip}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                foreach my $id (@{$iphost{$prim_ip}}) {
+                    my $intdom = &internet_dom($id);
+                    unless (grep(/^\Q$intdom\E$/,@idns)) {
+                        push(@idns,$intdom);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            $seen{$prim_ip} = 1;
+        }
+        return &do_cache_new('internetnames',$lonid,\@idns,12*60*60);
+    }
+
+}
+
+sub all_loncaparevs {
+    return qw(1.1 1.2 1.3 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11);
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read loncaparev table
+{
+    sub load_loncaparevs { 
+        if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab") {
+            if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab")) {
+                while (my $configline=<$config>) {
+                    chomp($configline);
+                    my ($hostid,$loncaparev)=split(/:/,$configline);
+                    $loncaparevs{$hostid}=$loncaparev;
+                }
+                close($config);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read serverhostID table
+{
+    sub load_serverhomeIDs {
+        if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab") {
+            if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab")) {
+                while (my $configline=<$config>) {
+                    chomp($configline);
+                    my ($name,$id)=split(/:/,$configline);
+                    $serverhomeIDs{$name}=$id;
+                }
+                close($config);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+BEGIN {
+
+# ----------------------------------- Read loncapa.conf and loncapa_apache.conf
+    unless ($readit) {
+{
+    my $configvars = LONCAPA::Configuration::read_conf('loncapa.conf');
+    %perlvar = (%perlvar,%{$configvars});
+}
+
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------ Read spare server file
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/spare.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/spare.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
        chomp($configline);
        if ($configline) {
-          $spareid{$configline}=1;
+	   my ($host,$type) = split(':',$configline,2);
+	   if (!defined($type) || $type eq '') { $type = 'default' };
+	   push(@{ $spareid{$type} }, $host);
        }
     }
+    close($config);
 }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Read permissions
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/roles.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/roles.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-       chomp($configline);
-      if ($configline) {
-       my ($role,$perm)=split(/ /,$configline);
-       if ($perm ne '') { $pr{$role}=$perm; }
-      }
+	chomp($configline);
+	if ($configline) {
+	    my ($role,$perm)=split(/ /,$configline);
+	    if ($perm ne '') { $pr{$role}=$perm; }
+	}
     }
+    close($config);
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------- Read plain texts for permissions
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/rolesplain.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/rolesplain.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-       chomp($configline);
-      if ($configline) {
-       my ($short,$plain)=split(/:/,$configline);
-       if ($plain ne '') { $prp{$short}=$plain; }
-      }
+	chomp($configline);
+	if ($configline) {
+	    my ($short,@plain)=split(/:/,$configline);
+            %{$prp{$short}} = ();
+	    if (@plain > 0) {
+                $prp{$short}{'std'} = $plain[0];
+                for (my $i=1; $i<@plain; $i++) {
+                    $prp{$short}{'alt'.$i} = $plain[$i];  
+                }
+            }
+	}
     }
+    close($config);
 }
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Read package table
 {
-    my $config=Apache::File->new("$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/packages.tab");
+    open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/packages.tab");
 
     while (my $configline=<$config>) {
-       chomp($configline);
-       my ($short,$plain)=split(/:/,$configline);
-       my ($pack,$name)=split(/\&/,$short);
-       if ($plain ne '') {
-          $packagetab{$pack.'&'.$name.'&name'}=$name; 
-          $packagetab{$short}=$plain; 
-       }
+	if ($configline !~ /\S/ || $configline=~/^#/) { next; }
+	chomp($configline);
+	my ($short,$plain)=split(/:/,$configline);
+	my ($pack,$name)=split(/\&/,$short);
+	if ($plain ne '') {
+	    $packagetab{$pack.'&'.$name.'&name'}=$name; 
+	    $packagetab{$short}=$plain; 
+	}
     }
+    close($config);
 }
 
-%metacache=();
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read loncaparev table
+
+&load_loncaparevs();
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read serverhostID table
+
+&load_serverhomeIDs();
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read releaseslist XML
+{
+    my $file = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/releaseslist.xml';
+    if (-e $file) {
+        my $parser = HTML::LCParser->new($file);
+        while (my $token = $parser->get_token()) {
+            if ($token->[0] eq 'S') {
+                my $item = $token->[1];
+                my $name = $token->[2]{'name'};
+                my $value = $token->[2]{'value'};
+                my $valuematch = $token->[2]{'valuematch'};
+                my $namematch = $token->[2]{'namematch'};
+                if ($item eq 'parameter') {
+                    if (($namematch ne '') || (($name ne '') && ($value ne '' || $valuematch ne ''))) {
+                        my $release = $parser->get_text();
+                        $release =~ s/(^\s*|\s*$ )//gx;
+                        $needsrelease{$item.':'.$name.':'.$value.':'.$valuematch.':'.$namematch} = $release;
+                    }
+                } elsif ($item ne '' && $name ne '') {
+                    my $release = $parser->get_text();
+                    $release =~ s/(^\s*|\s*$ )//gx;
+                    $needsrelease{$item.':'.$name.':'.$value} = $release;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read managers table
+{
+    if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/managers.tab") {
+        if (open(my $config,"<","$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/managers.tab")) {
+            while (my $configline=<$config>) {
+                chomp($configline);
+                next if ($configline =~ /^\#/);
+                if (($configline =~ /^[\w\-]+$/) || ($configline =~ /^[\w\-]+\:[\w\-]+$/)) {
+                    $managerstab{$configline} = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            close($config);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# ------------- set up temporary directory
+{
+    $tmpdir = LONCAPA::tempdir();
+
+}
+
+$memcache=new Cache::Memcached({'servers'           => ['127.0.0.1:11211'],
+				'compress_threshold'=> 20_000,
+ 			        });
 
 $processmarker='_'.time.'_'.$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
 $dumpcount=0;
+$locknum=0;
 
 &logtouch();
-&logthis('<font color=yellow>INFO: Read configuration</font>');
+&logthis('<font color="yellow">INFO: Read configuration</font>');
 $readit=1;
+    {
+	use integer;
+	my $test=(2**32)+1;
+	if ($test != 0) { $_64bit=1; } else { $_64bit=0; }
+	&logthis(" Detected 64bit platform ($_64bit)");
+    }
 }
 }
 
@@ -3438,45 +14288,125 @@ being set.
 
 =back
 
-=head1 INTRODUCTION
+=head1 OVERVIEW
 
-This module provides subroutines which interact with the
-lonc/lond (TCP) network layer of LON-CAPA. And Can be used to ask about 
-- classes
-- users 
-- resources
+lonnet provides subroutines which interact with the
+lonc/lond (TCP) network layer of LON-CAPA. They can be used to ask
+about classes, users, and resources.
 
 For many of these objects you can also use this to store data about
 them or modify them in various ways.
 
-This is part of the LearningOnline Network with CAPA project
-described at http://www.lon-capa.org.
+=head2 Symbs
 
-=head1 RETURN MESSAGES
+To identify a specific instance of a resource, LON-CAPA uses symbols
+or "symbs"X<symb>. These identifiers are built from the URL of the
+map, the resource number of the resource in the map, and the URL of
+the resource itself. The latter is somewhat redundant, but might help
+if maps change.
 
-=over 4
+An example is
 
-=item *
+ msu/korte/parts/part1.sequence___19___msu/korte/tests/part12.problem
 
-con_lost : unable to contact remote host
+The respective map entry is
 
-=item *
+ <resource id="19" src="/res/msu/korte/tests/part12.problem"
+  title="Problem 2">
+ </resource>
 
-con_delayed : unable to contact remote host, message will be delivered
-when the connection is brought back up
+Symbs are used by the random number generator, as well as to store and
+restore data specific to a certain instance of for example a problem.
 
-=item *
+=head2 Storing And Retrieving Data
 
-con_failed : unable to contact remote host and unable to save message
-for later delivery
+X<store()>X<cstore()>X<restore()>Three of the most important functions
+in C<lonnet.pm> are C<&Apache::lonnet::cstore()>,
+C<&Apache::lonnet:restore()>, and C<&Apache::lonnet::store()>, which
+is is the non-critical message twin of cstore. These functions are for
+handlers to store a perl hash to a user's permanent data space in an
+easy manner, and to retrieve it again on another call. It is expected
+that a handler would use this once at the beginning to retrieve data,
+and then again once at the end to send only the new data back.
 
-=item *
+The data is stored in the user's data directory on the user's
+homeserver under the ID of the course.
 
-error: : an error a occured, a description of the error follows the :
+The hash that is returned by restore will have all of the previous
+value for all of the elements of the hash.
 
-=item *
+Example:
+
+ #creating a hash
+ my %hash;
+ $hash{'foo'}='bar';
+
+ #storing it
+ &Apache::lonnet::cstore(\%hash);
+
+ #changing a value
+ $hash{'foo'}='notbar';
+
+ #adding a new value
+ $hash{'bar'}='foo';
+ &Apache::lonnet::cstore(\%hash);
+
+ #retrieving the hash
+ my %history=&Apache::lonnet::restore();
+
+ #print the hash
+ foreach my $key (sort(keys(%history))) {
+   print("\%history{$key} = $history{$key}");
+ }
+
+Will print out:
+
+ %history{1:foo} = bar
+ %history{1:keys} = foo:timestamp
+ %history{1:timestamp} = 990455579
+ %history{2:bar} = foo
+ %history{2:foo} = notbar
+ %history{2:keys} = foo:bar:timestamp
+ %history{2:timestamp} = 990455580
+ %history{bar} = foo
+ %history{foo} = notbar
+ %history{timestamp} = 990455580
+ %history{version} = 2
+
+Note that the special hash entries C<keys>, C<version> and
+C<timestamp> were added to the hash. C<version> will be equal to the
+total number of versions of the data that have been stored. The
+C<timestamp> attribute will be the UNIX time the hash was
+stored. C<keys> is available in every historical section to list which
+keys were added or changed at a specific historical revision of a
+hash.
+
+B<Warning>: do not store the hash that restore returns directly. This
+will cause a mess since it will restore the historical keys as if the
+were new keys. I.E. 1:foo will become 1:1:foo etc.
+
+Calling convention:
+
+ my %record=&Apache::lonnet::restore($symb,$courseid,$domain,$uname);
+ &Apache::lonnet::cstore(\%newrecord,$symb,$courseid,$domain,$uname,$laststore);
+
+For more detailed information, see lonnet specific documentation.
+
+=head1 RETURN MESSAGES
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * B<con_lost>: unable to contact remote host
+
+=item * B<con_delayed>: unable to contact remote host, message will be delivered
+when the connection is brought back up
+
+=item * B<con_failed>: unable to contact remote host and unable to save message
+for later delivery
 
-no_such_host : unable to fund a host associated with the user/domain
+=item * B<error:>: an error a occurred, a description of the error follows the :
+
+=item * B<no_such_host>: unable to fund a host associated with the user/domain
 that was requested
 
 =back
@@ -3487,15 +14417,29 @@ that was requested
 
 =over 4
 
-=item *
+=item * 
+X<appenv()>
+B<appenv($hashref,$rolesarrayref)>: the value of %{$hashref} is written to
+the user envirnoment file, and will be restored for each access this
+user makes during this session, also modifies the %env for the current
+process. Optional rolesarrayref - if defined contains a reference to an array
+of roles which are exempt from the restriction on modifying user.role entries 
+in the user's environment.db and in %env.    
+
+=item *
+X<delenv()>
+B<delenv($delthis,$regexp)>: removes all items from the session
+environment file that begin with $delthis. If the 
+optional second arg - $regexp - is true, $delthis is treated as a 
+regular expression, otherwise \Q$delthis\E is used. 
+The values are also deleted from the current processes %env.
 
-appenv(%hash) : the value of %hash is written to the user envirnoment
-file, and will be restored for each access this user makes during this
-session, also modifies the %ENV for the current process
+=item * get_env_multiple($name) 
 
-=item *
+gets $name from the %env hash, it seemlessly handles the cases where multiple
+values may be defined and end up as an array ref.
 
-delenv($regexp) : removes all items from the session environment file that matches the regular expression in $regexp. The values are also delted from the current processes %ENV.
+returns an array of values
 
 =back
 
@@ -3504,52 +14448,96 @@ delenv($regexp) : removes all items from
 =over 4
 
 =item *
-
-queryauthenticate($uname,$udom) : try to determine user's current
+X<queryauthenticate()>
+B<queryauthenticate($uname,$udom)>: try to determine user's current 
 authentication scheme
 
 =item *
-
-authenticate($uname,$upass,$udom) : try to authenticate user from domain's lib
-servers (first use the current one), $upass should be the users password
+X<authenticate()>
+B<authenticate($uname,$upass,$udom,$checkdefauth,$clientcancheckhost)>: try to
+authenticate user from domain's lib servers (first use the current
+one). C<$upass> should be the users password.
+$checkdefauth is optional (value is 1 if a check should be made to
+   authenticate user using default authentication method, and allow
+   account creation if username does not have account in the domain).
+$clientcancheckhost is optional (value is 1 if checking whether the
+   server can host will occur on the client side in lonauth.pm).   
 
 =item *
-
-homeserver($uname,$udom) : find the server which has the user's
-directory and files (there must be only one), this caches the answer,
-and also caches if there is a borken connection.
+X<homeserver()>
+B<homeserver($uname,$udom)>: find the server which has
+the user's directory and files (there must be only one), this caches
+the answer, and also caches if there is a borken connection.
 
 =item *
-
-idget($udom,@ids) : find the usernames behind a list of IDs (IDs are a
-unique resource in a domain, there must be only 1 ID per username, and
-only 1 username per ID in a specific domain) (returns hash:
-id=>name,id=>name)
+X<idget()>
+B<idget($udom,$idsref,$namespace)>: find the usernames behind either 
+a list of student/employee IDs or clicker IDs
+(student/employee IDs are a unique resource in a domain, there must be 
+only 1 ID per username, and only 1 username per ID in a specific domain).
+clickerIDs are not necessarily unique, as students might share clickers.
+(returns hash: id=>name,id=>name)
 
 =item *
-
-idrget($udom,@unames) : find the IDs behind a list of usernames (returns hash:
-name=>id,name=>id)
+X<idrget()>
+B<idrget($udom,@unames)>: find the IDs behind a list of
+usernames (returns hash: name=>id,name=>id)
 
 =item *
+X<idput()>
+B<idput($udom,$idsref,$uhome,$namespace)>: store away a list of 
+names and associated student/employee IDs or clicker IDs.
 
-idput($udom,%ids) : store away a list of names and associated IDs
+=item *
+X<iddel()>
+B<iddel($udom,$idshashref,$uhome,$namespace)>: delete unwanted 
+student/employee ID or clicker ID username look-ups from domain.
+The homeserver ($uhome) and namespace ($namespace) are optional.
+If no $uhome is provided, it will be determined usig &homeserver()
+for each user.  If no $namespace is provided, the default is ids.
 
 =item *
+X<updateclickers()>
+B<updateclickers($udom,$action,$idshashref,$uhome,$critical)>: update 
+clicker ID-to-username look-ups in clickers.db on library server.
+Permitted actions are add or del (i.e., add or delete). The 
+clickers.db contains clickerID as keys (escaped), and each corresponding
+value is an escaped comma-separated list of usernames (for whom the
+library server is the homeserver), who registered that particular ID.
+If $critical is true, the update will be sent via &critical, otherwise
+&reply() will be used.
 
-rolesinit($udom,$username,$authhost) : get user privileges
+=item *
+X<rolesinit()>
+B<rolesinit($udom,$username)>: get user privileges.
+returns user role, first access and timer interval hashes
 
 =item *
+X<privileged()>
+B<privileged($username,$domain)>: returns a true if user has a
+privileged and active role (i.e. su or dc), false otherwise.
 
-usection($udom,$uname,$cname) : finds the section of student in the
+=item *
+X<getsection()>
+B<getsection($udom,$uname,$cname)>: finds the section of student in the
 course $cname, return section name/number or '' for "not in course"
 and '-1' for "no section"
 
 =item *
-
-userenvironment($udom,$uname,@what) : gets the values of the keys
+X<userenvironment()>
+B<userenvironment($udom,$uname,@what)>: gets the values of the keys
 passed in @what from the requested user's environment, returns a hash
 
+=item * 
+X<userlog_query()>
+B<userlog_query($uname,$udom,%filters)>: retrieves data from a user's
+activity.log file. %filters defines filters applied when parsing the
+log file. These can be start or end timestamps, or the type of action
+- log to look for Login or Logout events, check for Checkin or
+Checkout, role for role selection. The response is in the form
+timestamp1:hostid1:event1&timestamp2:hostid2:event2 where events are
+escaped strings of the action recorded in the activity.log file.
+
 =back
 
 =head2 User Roles
@@ -3558,24 +14546,112 @@ passed in @what from the requested user'
 
 =item *
 
-allowed($priv,$uri) : check for a user privilege; returns codes for allowed
-actions
+allowed($priv,$uri,$symb,$role,$clientip,$noblockcheck) : check for a user privilege; 
+returns codes for allowed actions.
+
+The first argument is required, all others are optional.
+
+$priv is the privilege being checked.
+$uri contains additional information about what is being checked for access (e.g.,
+URL, course ID etc.). 
+$symb is the unique resource instance identifier in a course; if needed,
+but not provided, it will be retrieved via a call to &symbread(). 
+$role is the role for which a priv is being checked (only used if priv is evb). 
+$clientip is the user's IP address (only used when checking for access to portfolio 
+files).
+$noblockcheck, if true, skips calls to &has_comm_blocking() for the bre priv. This 
+prevents recursive calls to &allowed.
+
  F: full access
  U,I,K: authentication modes (cxx only)
  '': forbidden
  1: user needs to choose course
  2: browse allowed
+ A: passphrase authentication needed
+ B: access temporarily blocked because of a blocking event in a course.
+
+=item *
+
+constructaccess($url,$setpriv) : check for access to construction space URL
+
+See if the owner domain and name in the URL match those in the
+expected environment.  If so, return three element list
+($ownername,$ownerdomain,$ownerhome).
+
+Otherwise return the null string.
+
+If second argument 'setpriv' is true, it assigns the privileges,
+and returns the same three element list, unless the owner has
+blocked "ad hoc" Domain Coordinator access to the Author Space,
+in which case the null string is returned.
+
+=item *
+
+definerole($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole,$uname,$udom) : define role;
+define a custom role rolename set privileges in format of lonTabs/roles.tab
+for system, domain, and course level. $uname and $udom are optional (current
+user's username and domain will be used when either of $uname or $udom are absent.
+
+=item *
+
+plaintext($short,$type,$cid,$forcedefault) : return value in %prp hash 
+(rolesplain.tab); plain text explanation of a user role term.
+$type is Course (default) or Community.
+If $forcedefault evaluates to true, text returned will be default 
+text for $type. Otherwise, if this is a course, the text returned 
+will be a custom name for the role (if defined in the course's 
+environment).  If no custom name is defined the default is returned.
+   
+=item *
+
+get_my_roles($uname,$udom,$context,$types,$roles,$roledoms,$withsec,$hidepriv) :
+All arguments are optional. Returns a hash of a roles, either for
+co-author/assistant author roles for a user's Construction Space
+(default), or if $context is 'userroles', roles for the user himself,
+In the hash, keys are set to colon-separated $uname,$udom,$role, and
+(optionally) if $withsec is true, a fourth colon-separated item - $section.
+For each key, value is set to colon-separated start and end times for
+the role.  If no username and domain are specified, will default to
+current user/domain. Types, roles, and roledoms are references to arrays
+of role statuses (active, future or previous), roles 
+(e.g., cc,in, st etc.) and domains of the roles which can be used
+to restrict the list of roles reported. If no array ref is 
+provided for types, will default to return only active roles.
+
+=item *
+
+in_course($udom,$uname,$cdom,$cnum,$type,$hideprivileged) : determine if
+user: $uname:$udom has a role in the course: $cdom_$cnum. 
+
+Additional optional arguments are: $type (if role checking is to be restricted 
+to certain user status types -- previous (expired roles), active (currently
+available roles) or future (roles available in the future), and
+$hideprivileged -- if true will not report course roles for users who
+have active Domain Coordinator role in course's domain or in additional
+domains (specified in 'Domains to check for privileged users' in course
+environment -- set via:  Course Settings -> Classlists and staff listing).
 
 =item *
 
-definerole($rolename,$sysrole,$domrole,$courole) : define role; define a custom
-role rolename set privileges in format of lonTabs/roles.tab for system, domain,
-and course level
+privileged($username,$domain,$possdomains,$possroles) : returns 1 if user
+$username:$domain is a privileged user (e.g., Domain Coordinator or Super User)
+$possdomains and $possroles are optional array refs -- to domains to check and
+roles to check.  If $possdomains is not specified, a dump will be done of the
+users' roles.db to check for a dc or su role in any domain. This can be
+time consuming if &privileged is called repeatedly (e.g., when displaying a
+classlist), so in such cases, supplying a $possdomains array is preferred, as
+this then allows &privileged_by_domain() to be used, which caches the identity
+of privileged users, eliminating the need for repeated calls to &dump().
 
 =item *
 
-plaintext($short) : return value in %prp hash (rolesplain.tab); plain text
-explanation of a user role term
+privileged_by_domain($possdomains,$roles) : returns a hash of a hash of a hash,
+where the outer hash keys are domains specified in the $possdomains array ref,
+next inner hash keys are privileged roles specified in the $roles array ref,
+and the innermost hash contains key = value pairs for username:domain = end:start
+for active or future "privileged" users with that role in that domain. To avoid
+repeated dumps of domain roles -- via &get_domain_roles() -- contents of the
+innerhash are cached using priv_$role and $dom as the identifiers.
 
 =back
 
@@ -3585,7 +14661,7 @@ explanation of a user role term
 
 =item *
 
-assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$end,$start) : assign role; give a role to a
+assignrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$end,$start,$deleteflag,$selfenroll,$context) : assign role; give a role to a
 user for the level given by URL.  Optional start and end dates (leave empty
 string or zero for "no date")
 
@@ -3602,43 +14678,52 @@ modifyuserauth($udom,$uname,$umode,$upas
 
 =item *
 
-modifyuser($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene) : 
-modify user
+modifyuser($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last, $gene,
+           $forceid,$desiredhome,$email,$inststatus,$candelete) :
+
+will update user information (firstname,middlename,lastname,generation,
+permanentemail), and if forceid is true, student/employee ID also.
+A user's institutional affiliation(s) can also be updated.
+User information fields will not be overwritten with empty entries 
+unless the field is included in the $candelete array reference.
+This array is included when a single user is modified via "Manage Users",
+or when Autoupdate.pl is run by cron in a domain.
 
 =item *
 
 modifystudent
 
-modify a students enrollment and identification information.
-The course id is resolved based on the current users environment.  
-This means the envoking user must be a course coordinator or otherwise
+modify a student's enrollment and identification information.
+The course id is resolved based on the current user's environment.  
+This means the invoking user must be a course coordinator or otherwise
 associated with a course.
 
-This call is essentially a wrapper for lonnet::modifyuser
+This call is essentially a wrapper for lonnet::modifyuser and
+lonnet::modify_student_enrollment
 
 Inputs: 
 
 =over 4
 
-=item B<$udom> Students loncapa domain
+=item B<$udom> Student's loncapa domain
 
-=item B<$uname> Students loncapa login name
+=item B<$uname> Student's loncapa login name
 
-=item B<$uid> Students id/student number
+=item B<$uid> Student/Employee ID
 
-=item B<$umode> Students authentication mode
+=item B<$umode> Student's authentication mode
 
-=item B<$upass> Students password
+=item B<$upass> Student's password
 
-=item B<$first> Students first name
+=item B<$first> Student's first name
 
-=item B<$middle> Students middle name
+=item B<$middle> Student's middle name
 
-=item B<$last> Students last name
+=item B<$last> Student's last name
 
-=item B<$gene> Students generation
+=item B<$gene> Student's generation
 
-=item B<$usec> Students section in course
+=item B<$usec> Student's section in course
 
 =item B<$end> Unix time of the roles expiration
 
@@ -3648,10 +14733,74 @@ Inputs:
 
 =item B<$desiredhome> server to use as home server for student
 
+=item B<$email> Student's permanent e-mail address
+
+=item B<$type> Type of enrollment (auto or manual)
+
+=item B<$locktype> boolean - enrollment type locked to prevent Autoenroll.pl changing manual to auto    
+
+=item B<$cid> courseID - needed if a course role is assigned by a user whose current role is DC
+
+=item B<$selfenroll> boolean - 1 if user role change occurred via self-enrollment
+
+=item B<$context> role change context (shown in User Management Logs display in a course)
+
+=item B<$inststatus> institutional status of user - : separated string of escaped status types
+
+=item B<$credits> Number of credits student will earn from this class - only needs to be supplied if value needs to be different from default credits for class.
+
 =back
 
 =item *
 
+modify_student_enrollment
+
+Change a student's enrollment status in a class.  The environment variable
+'role.request.course' must be defined for this function to proceed.
+
+Inputs:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item $udom, student's domain
+
+=item $uname, student's name
+
+=item $uid, student's user id
+
+=item $first, student's first name
+
+=item $middle
+
+=item $last
+
+=item $gene
+
+=item $usec
+
+=item $end
+
+=item $start
+
+=item $type
+
+=item $locktype
+
+=item $cid
+
+=item $selfenroll
+
+=item $context
+
+=item $credits, number of credits student will earn from this class
+
+=item $instsec, institutional course section code for student
+
+=back
+
+
+=item *
+
 assigncustomrole($udom,$uname,$url,$rdom,$rnam,$rolename,$end,$start) : assign
 custom role; give a custom role to a user for the level given by URL.  Specify
 name and domain of role author, and role name
@@ -3672,13 +14821,49 @@ revokecustomrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role
 
 =item *
 
-coursedescription($courseid) : course description
+coursedescription($courseid,$options) : returns a hash of information about the
+specified course id, including all environment settings for the
+course, the description of the course will be in the hash under the
+key 'description'
+
+$options is an optional parameter that if supplied is a hash reference that controls
+what how this function works.  It has the following key/values:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item freshen_cache
+
+If defined, and the environment cache for the course is valid, it is 
+returned in the returned hash.
+
+=item one_time
+
+If defined, the last cache time is set to _now_
+
+=item user
+
+If defined, the supplied username is used instead of the current user.
+
+
+=back
+
+=item *
+
+resdata($name,$domain,$type,@which) : request for current parameter
+setting for a specific $type, where $type is either 'course' or 'user',
+@what should be a list of parameters to ask about. This routine caches
+answers for 10 minutes.
 
 =item *
 
-courseresdata($coursenum,$coursedomain,@which) : request for current
-parameter setting for a specific course, @what should be a list of
-parameters to ask about. This routine caches answers for 5 minutes.
+get_courseresdata($courseid, $domain) : dump the entire course resource
+data base, returning a hash that is keyed by the resource name and has
+values that are the resource value.  I believe that the timestamps and
+versions are also returned.
+
+get_numsuppfiles($cnum,$cdom) : retrieve number of files in a course's
+supplemental content area. This routine caches the number of files for 
+10 minutes.
 
 =back
 
@@ -3693,7 +14878,24 @@ database) for a course
 
 =item *
 
-createcourse($udom,$description,$url) : make/modify course
+createcourse($udom,$description,$url,$course_server,$nonstandard,$inst_code,$course_owner,$crstype,$cnum) : make course
+
+=item *
+
+generate_coursenum($udom,$crstype) : get a unique (unused) course number in domain $udom for course type $crstype (Course or Community).
+
+=item *
+
+is_course($courseid), is_course($cdom, $cnum)
+
+Accepts either a combined $courseid (in the form of domain_courseid) or the
+two component version $cdom, $cnum. It checks if the specified course exists.
+
+Returns:
+    undef if the course doesn't exist, otherwise
+    in scalar context the combined courseid.
+    in list context the two components of the course identifier, domain and 
+    courseid.    
 
 =back
 
@@ -3709,8 +14911,8 @@ subscribe($fname) : subscribe to a resou
 
 repcopy($filename) : subscribes to the requested file, and attempts to
 replicate from the owning library server, Might return
-HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, HTTP_NOT_FOUND, FORBIDDEN, OK, or
-HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, also attempts to grab the metadata for the
+'unavailable', 'not_found', 'forbidden', 'ok', or
+'bad_request', also attempts to grab the metadata for the
 resource. Expects the local filesystem pathname
 (/home/httpd/html/res/....)
 
@@ -3722,10 +14924,15 @@ resource. Expects the local filesystem p
 
 =item *
 
-EXT($varname,$symb,$udom,$uname) : evaluates and returns the value of
-a vairety of different possible values, $varname should be a request
-string, and the other parameters can be used to specify who and what
-one is asking about.
+EXT($varname,$symb,$udom,$uname,$usection,$recurse,$cid) : evaluates 
+and returns the value of a variety of different possible values,
+$varname should be a request string, and the other parameters can be
+used to specify who and what one is asking about. Ordinarily, $cid 
+does not need to be specified, as it is retrived from 
+$env{'request.course.id'}, but &Apache::lonnet::EXT() is called
+within lonuserstate::loadmap() when initializing a course, before
+$env{'request.course.id'} has been set, so it needs to be provided
+in that one case.
 
 Possible values for $varname are environment.lastname (or other item
 from the envirnment hash), user.name (or someother aspect about the
@@ -3743,12 +14950,18 @@ condval($condidx) : value of condition i
 
 =item *
 
-metadata($uri,$what,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount) : request a
+metadata($uri,$what,$toolsymb,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount) : request a
 resource's metadata, $what should be either a specific key, or either
 'keys' (to get a list of possible keys) or 'packages' to get a list of
-packages that this resource currently uses, the last 3 arguments are only used internally for recursive metadata.
+packages that this resource currently uses, the last 3 arguments are 
+only used internally for recursive metadata.
+
+the toolsymb is only used where the uri is for an external tool (for which
+the uri as well as the symb are guaranteed to be unique).
 
-this function automatically caches all requests
+this function automatically caches all requests except any made recursively
+to retrieve a list of metadata keys for an imported library file ($liburi is 
+defined).
 
 =item *
 
@@ -3758,16 +14971,32 @@ will be stored for query
 
 =item *
 
-symbread($filename) : return symbolic list entry (filename argument optional);
+symbread($filename,$donotrecurse,$ignorecachednull,$checkforblock,$possibles) : 
+return symbolic list entry (all arguments optional). 
+
+Args: filename is the filename (including path) for the file for which a symb 
+is required; donotrecurse, if true will prevent calls to allowed() being made 
+to check access status if more than one resource was found in the bighash 
+(see rev. 1.249) to avoid an infinite loop if an ambiguous resource is part of 
+a randompick); ignorecachednull, if true will prevent a symb of '' being 
+returned if $env{$cache_str} is defined as ''; checkforblock if true will
+cause possible symbs to be checked to determine if they are subject to content
+blocking, if so they will not be included as possible symbs; possibles is a
+ref to a hash, which, as a side effect, will be populated with all possible 
+symbs (content blocking not tested).
+ 
 returns the data handle
 
 =item *
 
-symbverify($symb,$thisfn) : verifies that $symb actually exists and is
-a possible symb for the URL in $thisfn, returns a 1 on success, 0 on
-failure, user must be in a course, as it assumes the existance of the
-course initi hash, and uses $ENV('request.course.id'}
-
+symbverify($symb,$thisfn,$encstate) : verifies that $symb actually exists
+and is a possible symb for the URL in $thisfn, and if is an encrypted
+resource that the user accessed using /enc/ returns a 1 on success, 0
+on failure, user must be in a course, as it assumes the existence of
+the course initial hash, and uses $env('request.course.id'}.  The third
+arg is an optional reference to a scalar.  If this arg is passed in the 
+call to symbverify, it will be set to 1 if the symb has been set to be 
+encrypted; otherwise it will be null.  
 
 =item *
 
@@ -3797,7 +15026,7 @@ unfakeable, receipt
 
 =item *
 
-receipt() : API to ireceipt working off of ENV values; given out to users
+receipt() : API to ireceipt working off of env values; given out to users
 
 =item *
 
@@ -3820,6 +15049,34 @@ expirespread($uname,$udom,$stype,$usymb)
 devalidate($symb) : devalidate temporary spreadsheet calculations,
 forcing spreadsheet to reevaluate the resource scores next time.
 
+=item * 
+
+can_edit_resource($file,$cnum,$cdom,$resurl,$symb,$group) : determine if current user can edit a particular resource,
+when viewing in course context.
+
+ input: six args -- filename (decluttered), course number, course domain,
+                    url, symb (if registered) and group (if this is a 
+                    group item -- e.g., bulletin board, group page etc.).
+
+ output: array of five scalars --
+         $cfile -- url for file editing if editable on current server
+         $home -- homeserver of resource (i.e., for author if published,
+                                          or course if uploaded.).
+         $switchserver --  1 if server switch will be needed.
+         $forceedit -- 1 if icon/link should be to go to edit mode 
+         $forceview -- 1 if icon/link should be to go to view mode
+
+=item *
+
+is_course_upload($file,$cnum,$cdom)
+
+Used in course context to determine if current file was uploaded to 
+the course (i.e., would be found in /userfiles/docs on the course's 
+homeserver.
+
+  input: 3 args -- filename (decluttered), course number and course domain.
+  output: boolean -- 1 if file was uploaded.
+
 =back
 
 =head2 Storing/Retreiving Data
@@ -3828,15 +15085,21 @@ forcing spreadsheet to reevaluate the re
 
 =item *
 
-store($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname) : stores hash permanently
-for this url; hashref needs to be given and should be a \%hashname; the
-remaining args aren't required and if they aren't passed or are '' they will
-be derived from the ENV
+store($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname,$laststore) : stores hash
+permanently for this url; hashref needs to be given and should be a \%hashname;
+the remaining args aren't required and if they aren't passed or are '' they will
+be derived from the env (with the exception of $laststore, which is an 
+optional arg used when a user's submission is stored in grading).
+$laststore is $version=$timestamp, where $version is the most recent version
+number retrieved for the corresponding $symb in the $namespace db file, and
+$timestamp is the timestamp for that transaction (UNIX time).
+$laststore is currently only passed when cstore() is called by 
+structuretags::finalize_storage().
 
 =item *
 
-cstore($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname) : same as store but
-uses critical subroutine
+cstore($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname,$laststore) : same as store
+but uses critical subroutine
 
 =item *
 
@@ -3845,6 +15108,28 @@ all args are optional
 
 =item *
 
+dumpstore($namespace,$udom,$uname,$regexp,$range) : 
+dumps the complete (or key matching regexp) namespace into a hash
+($udom, $uname, $regexp, $range are optional) for a namespace that is
+normally &store()ed into
+
+$range should be either an integer '100' (give me the first 100
+                                           matching records)
+              or be  two integers sperated by a - with no spaces
+                 '30-50' (give me the 30th through the 50th matching
+                          records)
+
+
+=item *
+
+putstore($namespace,$symb,$version,$storehash,$udomain,$uname,$tolog) :
+replaces a &store() version of data with a replacement set of data
+for a particular resource in a namespace passed in the $storehash hash 
+reference. If $tolog is true, the transaction is logged in the courselog
+with an action=PUTSTORE.
+
+=item *
+
 tmpstore($storehash,$symb,$namespace,$udom,$uname) : storage that
 works very similar to store/cstore, but all data is stored in a
 temporary location and can be reset using tmpreset, $storehash should
@@ -3874,9 +15159,22 @@ namesp ($udom and $uname are optional)
 
 =item *
 
-dump($namespace,$udom,$uname,$regexp) : 
+dump($namespace,$udom,$uname,$regexp,$range) : 
 dumps the complete (or key matching regexp) namespace into a hash
-($udom, $uname and $regexp are optional)
+($udom, $uname, $regexp, $range are optional)
+
+$range should be either an integer '100' (give me the first 100
+                                           matching records)
+              or be  two integers sperated by a - with no spaces
+                 '30-50' (give me the 30th through the 50th matching
+                          records)
+=item *
+
+inc($namespace,$store,$udom,$uname) : increments $store in $namespace.
+$store can be a scalar, an array reference, or if the amount to be 
+incremented is > 1, a hash reference.
+
+($udom and $uname are optional)
 
 =item *
 
@@ -3890,6 +15188,31 @@ cput($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uname)
 
 =item *
 
+newput($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uname) :
+
+Attempts to store the items in the $storehash, but only if they don't
+currently exist, if this succeeds you can be certain that you have 
+successfully created a new key value pair in the $namespace db.
+
+
+Args:
+ $namespace: name of database to store values to
+ $storehash: hashref to store to the db
+ $udom: (optional) domain of user containing the db
+ $uname: (optional) name of user caontaining the db
+
+Returns:
+ 'ok' -> succeeded in storing all keys of $storehash
+ 'key_exists: <key>' -> failed to anything out of $storehash, as at
+                        least <key> already existed in the db (other
+                        requested keys may also already exist)
+ 'error: <msg>' -> unable to tie the DB or other error occurred
+ 'con_lost' -> unable to contact request server
+ 'refused' -> action was not allowed by remote machine
+
+
+=item *
+
 eget($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uname) : returns hash with keys from array
 reference filled in from namesp (encrypts the return communication)
 ($udom and $uname are optional)
@@ -3899,6 +15222,106 @@ reference filled in from namesp (encrypt
 log($udom,$name,$home,$message) : write to permanent log for user; use
 critical subroutine
 
+=item *
+
+get_dom($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uhome) : returns hash with keys from
+array reference filled in from namespace found in domain level on either
+specified domain server ($uhome) or primary domain server ($udom and $uhome are optional).
+
+=item *
+
+put_dom($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uhome) :  stores hash in namespace at 
+domain level either on specified domain server ($uhome) or primary domain 
+server ($udom and $uhome are optional)
+
+=item * 
+
+get_domain_defaults($target_domain,$ignore_cache) : returns hash with defaults 
+for: authentication, language, quotas, timezone, date locale, and portal URL in
+the target domain.
+
+May also include additional key => value pairs for the following groups:
+
+=over
+
+=item
+disk quotas (MB allocated by default to portfolios and authoring spaces).
+
+=over
+
+=item defaultquota, authorquota
+
+=back
+
+=item
+tools (availability of aboutme page, blog, webDAV access for authoring spaces,
+portfolio for users).
+
+=over
+
+=item
+aboutme, blog, webdav, portfolio
+
+=back
+
+=item
+requestcourses: ability to request courses, and how requests are processed.
+
+=over
+
+=item
+official, unofficial, community, textbook, placement
+
+=back
+
+=item
+inststatus: types of institutional affiliation, and order in which they are displayed.
+
+=over
+
+=item
+inststatustypes, inststatusorder, inststatusguest
+
+=back
+
+=item
+coursedefaults: can PDF forms can be created, default credits for courses, default quotas (MB)
+for course's uploaded content.
+
+=over
+
+=item
+canuse_pdfforms, officialcredits, unofficialcredits, textbookcredits, officialquota, unofficialquota, 
+communityquota, textbookquota, placementquota
+
+=back
+
+=item
+usersessions: set options for hosting of your users in other domains, and hosting of users from other domains
+on your servers.
+
+=over
+
+=item 
+remotesessions, hostedsessions
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+In cases where a domain coordinator has never used the "Set Domain Configuration"
+utility to create a configuration.db file on a domain's primary library server 
+only the following domain defaults: auth_def, auth_arg_def, lang_def
+-- corresponding values are authentication type (internal, krb4, krb5,
+or localauth), initial password or a kerberos realm, language (e.g., en-us) -- 
+will be available. Values are retrieved from cache (if current), unless the
+optional $ignore_cache arg is true, or from domain's configuration.db (if available),
+or lastly from values in lonTabs/dns_domain,tab, or lonTabs/domain.tab.
+
+Typical usage:
+
+%domdefaults = &get_domain_defaults($target_domain);
+
 =back
 
 =head2 Network Status Functions
@@ -3907,14 +15330,96 @@ critical subroutine
 
 =item *
 
-dirlist($uri) : return directory list based on URI
+dirlist() : return directory list based on URI (first arg).
+
+Inputs: 1 required, 5 optional.
+
+=over
+
+=item 
+$uri - path to file in filesystem (starts: /res or /userfiles/). Required.
+
+=item
+$userdomain - domain of user/course to be listed. Extracted from $uri if absent. 
+
+=item
+$username -  username of user/course to be listed. Extracted from $uri if absent. 
+
+=item
+$getpropath - boolean: 1 if prepend path using &propath(). 
+
+=item
+$getuserdir - boolean: 1 if prepend path for "userfiles".
+
+=item 
+$alternateRoot - path to prepend in place of path from $uri.
+
+=back
+
+Returns: Array of up to two items.
+
+=over
+
+a reference to an array of files/subdirectories
+
+=over
+
+Each element in the array of files/subdirectories is a & separated list of
+item name and the result of running stat on the item.  If dirlist was requested
+for a file instead of a directory, the item name will be ''. For a directory 
+listing, if the item is a metadata file, the element will end &N&M 
+(where N amd M are either 0 or 1, corresponding to obsolete set (1), or
+default copyright set (1).  
+
+=back
+
+a scalar containing error condition (if encountered).
+
+=over
+
+=item 
+no_host (no homeserver identified for $username:$domain).
+
+=item 
+no_such_host (server contacted for listing not identified as valid host).
+
+=item 
+con_lost (connection to remote server failed).
+
+=item 
+refused (invalid $username:$domain received on lond side).
+
+=item 
+no_such_dir (directory at specified path on lond side does not exist). 
+
+=item 
+empty (directory at specified path on lond side is empty).
+
+=over
+
+This is currently not encountered because the &ls3, &ls2, 
+&ls (_handler) routines on the lond side do not filter out
+. and .. from a directory listing. 
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=back
 
 =item *
 
 spareserver() : find server with least workload from spare.tab
 
+
+=item *
+
+host_from_dns($dns) : Returns the loncapa hostname corresponding to a DNS name or undef
+if there is no corresponding loncapa host.
+
 =back
 
+
 =head2 Apache Request
 
 =over 4
@@ -3962,11 +15467,12 @@ splitting on '&', supports elements that
 
 =head2 Logging Routines
 
-=over 4
 
 These routines allow one to make log messages in the lonnet.log and
 lonnet.perm logfiles.
 
+=over 4
+
 =item *
 
 logtouch() : make sure the logfile, lonnet.log, exists
@@ -3982,6 +15488,7 @@ logperm() : append a permanent message t
 file never gets deleted by any automated portion of the system, only
 messages of critical importance should go in here.
 
+
 =back
 
 =head2 General File Helper Routines
@@ -3990,8 +15497,39 @@ messages of critical importance should g
 
 =item *
 
-getfile($file) : returns the entire contents of a file or -1; it
-properly subscribes to and replicates the file if neccessary.
+getfile($file,$caller) : two cases - requests for files in /res or in /uploaded.
+(a) files in /uploaded
+  (i) If a local copy of the file exists - 
+      compares modification date of local copy with last-modified date for 
+      definitive version stored on home server for course. If local copy is 
+      stale, requests a new version from the home server and stores it. 
+      If the original has been removed from the home server, then local copy 
+      is unlinked.
+  (ii) If local copy does not exist -
+      requests the file from the home server and stores it. 
+  
+  If $caller is 'uploadrep':  
+    This indicates a call from lonuploadrep.pm (PerlHeaderParserHandler phase)
+    for request for files originally uploaded via DOCS. 
+     - returns 'ok' if fresh local copy now available, -1 otherwise.
+  
+  Otherwise:
+     This indicates a call from the content generation phase of the request.
+     -  returns the entire contents of the file or -1.
+     
+(b) files in /res
+   - returns the entire contents of a file or -1; 
+   it properly subscribes to and replicates the file if neccessary.
+
+
+=item *
+
+stat_file($url) : $url is expected to be a /res/ or /uploaded/ style file
+                  reference
+
+returns either a stat() list of data about the file or an empty list
+if the file doesn't exist or couldn't find out about it (connection
+problems or user unknown)
 
 =item *
 
@@ -4007,7 +15545,241 @@ filelocation except for hrefs
 
 =item *
 
-declutter() : declutters URLs (remove docroot, beginning slashes, 'res' etc)
+declutter() : declutters URLs -- remove beginning slashes, 'res' etc.
+also removes beginning /home/httpd/html unless /priv/ follows it.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Usererfile file routines (/uploaded*)
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+userfileupload(): main rotine for putting a file in a user or course's
+                  filespace, arguments are,
+
+ formname - required - this is the name of the element in $env where the
+           filename, and the contents of the file to create/modifed exist
+           the filename is in $env{'form.'.$formname.'.filename'} and the
+           contents of the file is located in $env{'form.'.$formname}
+ context - if coursedoc, store the file in the course of the active role
+             of the current user; 
+           if 'existingfile': store in 'overwrites' in /home/httpd/perl/tmp
+           if 'canceloverwrite': delete file in tmp/overwrites directory
+ subdir - required - subdirectory to put the file in under ../userfiles/
+         if undefined, it will be placed in "unknown"
+
+ (This routine calls clean_filename() to remove any dangerous
+ characters from the filename, and then calls finuserfileupload() to
+ complete the transaction)
+
+ returns either the url of the uploaded file (/uploaded/....) if successful
+ and /adm/notfound.html if unsuccessful
+
+=item *
+
+clean_filename(): routine for cleaing a filename up for storage in
+                 userfile space, argument is:
+
+ filename - proposed filename
+
+returns: the new clean filename
+
+=item *
+
+finishuserfileupload(): routine that creates and sends the file to
+userspace, probably shouldn't be called directly
+
+  docuname: username or courseid of destination for the file
+  docudom: domain of user/course of destination for the file
+  formname: same as for userfileupload()
+  fname: filename (including subdirectories) for the file
+  parser: if 'parse', will parse (html) file to extract references to objects, links etc.
+  allfiles: reference to hash used to store objects found by parser
+  codebase: reference to hash used for codebases of java objects found by parser
+  thumbwidth: width (pixels) of thumbnail to be created for uploaded image
+  thumbheight: height (pixels) of thumbnail to be created for uploaded image
+  resizewidth: width to be used to resize image using resizeImage from ImageMagick
+  resizeheight: height to be used to resize image using resizeImage from ImageMagick
+  context: if 'overwrite', will move the uploaded file from its temporary location to
+            userfiles to facilitate overwriting a previously uploaded file with same name.
+  mimetype: reference to scalar to accommodate mime type determined
+            from File::MMagic if $parser = parse.
+
+ returns either the url of the uploaded file (/uploaded/....) if successful
+ and /adm/notfound.html if unsuccessful (or an error message if context 
+ was 'overwrite').
+ 
+
+=item *
+
+renameuserfile(): renames an existing userfile to a new name
+
+  Args:
+   docuname: username or courseid of destination for the file
+   docudom: domain of user/course of destination for the file
+   old: current file name (including any subdirs under userfiles)
+   new: desired file name (including any subdirs under userfiles)
+
+=item *
+
+mkdiruserfile(): creates a directory is a userfiles dir
+
+  Args:
+   docuname: username or courseid of destination for the file
+   docudom: domain of user/course of destination for the file
+   dir: dir to create (including any subdirs under userfiles)
+
+=item *
+
+removeuserfile(): removes a file that exists in userfiles
+
+  Args:
+   docuname: username or courseid of destination for the file
+   docudom: domain of user/course of destination for the file
+   fname: filname to delete (including any subdirs under userfiles)
+
+=item *
+
+removeuploadedurl(): convience function for removeuserfile()
+
+  Args:
+   url:  a full /uploaded/... url to delete
+
+=item * 
+
+get_portfile_permissions():
+  Args:
+    domain: domain of user or course contain the portfolio files
+    user: name of user or num of course contain the portfolio files
+  Returns:
+    hashref of a dump of the proper file_permissions.db
+   
+
+=item * 
+
+get_access_controls():
+
+Args:
+  current_permissions: the hash ref returned from get_portfile_permissions()
+  group: (optional) the group you want the files associated with
+  file: (optional) the file you want access info on
+
+Returns:
+    a hash (keys are file names) of hashes containing
+        keys are: path to file/file_name\0uniqueID:scope_end_start (see below)
+        values are XML containing access control settings (see below) 
+
+Internal notes:
+
+ access controls are stored in file_permissions.db as key=value pairs.
+    key -> path to file/file_name\0uniqueID:scope_end_start
+        where scope -> public,guest,course,group,domains or users.
+              end -> UNIX time for end of access (0 -> no end date)
+              start -> UNIX time for start of access
+
+    value -> XML description of access control
+           <scope type=""> (type =1 of: public,guest,course,group,domains,users">
+            <start></start>
+            <end></end>
+
+            <password></password>  for scope type = guest
+
+            <domain></domain>     for scope type = course or group
+            <number></number>
+            <roles id="">
+             <role></role>
+             <access></access>
+             <section></section>
+             <group></group>
+            </roles>
+
+            <dom></dom>         for scope type = domains
+
+            <users>             for scope type = users
+             <user>
+              <uname></uname>
+              <udom></udom>
+             </user>
+            </users>
+           </scope> 
+              
+ Access data is also aggregated for each file in an additional key=value pair:
+ key -> path to file/file_name\0accesscontrol 
+ value -> reference to hash
+          hash contains key = value pairs
+          where key = uniqueID:scope_end_start
+                value = UNIX time record was last updated
+
+          Used to improve speed of look-ups of access controls for each file.  
+ 
+ Locks on files (resulting from submission of portfolio file to a homework problem stored in array of arrays.
+
+=item *
+
+modify_access_controls():
+
+Modifies access controls for a portfolio file
+Args
+1. file name
+2. reference to hash of required changes,
+3. domain
+4. username
+  where domain,username are the domain of the portfolio owner 
+  (either a user or a course) 
+
+Returns:
+1. result of additions or updates ('ok' or 'error', with error message). 
+2. result of deletions ('ok' or 'error', with error message).
+3. reference to hash of any new or updated access controls.
+4. reference to hash used to map incoming IDs to uniqueIDs assigned to control.
+   key = integer (inbound ID)
+   value = uniqueID
+
+=item *
+
+get_timebased_id():
+
+Attempts to get a unique timestamp-based suffix for use with items added to a 
+course via the Course Editor (e.g., folders, composite pages, 
+group bulletin boards).
+
+Args: (first three required; six others optional)
+
+1. prefix (alphanumeric): of keys in hash, e.g., suppsequence, docspage,
+   docssequence, or name of group
+
+2. keyid (alphanumeric): name of temporary locking key in hash,
+   e.g., num, boardids
+
+3. namespace: name of gdbm file used to store suffixes already assigned;  
+   file will be named nohist_namespace.db
+
+4. cdom: domain of course; default is current course domain from %env
+
+5. cnum: course number; default is current course number from %env
+
+6. idtype: set to concat if an additional digit is to be appended to the 
+   unix timestamp to form the suffix, if the plain timestamp is already
+   in use.  Default is to not do this, but simply increment the unix 
+   timestamp by 1 until a unique key is obtained.
+
+7. who: holder of locking key; defaults to user:domain for user.
+
+8. locktries: number of attempts to obtain a lock (sleep of 1s before 
+   retrying); default is 3.
+
+9. maxtries: number of attempts to obtain a unique suffix; default is 20.  
+
+Returns:
+
+1. suffix obtained (numeric)
+
+2. result of deleting locking key (ok if deleted, or lock never obtained)
+
+3. error: contains (localized) error message if an error occurred.
+
 
 =back
 
@@ -4087,3 +15859,4 @@ symblist($mapname,%newhash) : update sym
 =back
 
 =cut
+