Annotation of doc/build/centos7_install.frag, revision 1.5
1.1 raeburn 1: <h1>Installing LON-CAPA on a minimal CentOS Linux 7 System</h1>
2: <p>
3: This document guides you through the process of setting up a new LON-CAPA
4: server running CentOS Linux 7 with a minimum of packages installed.
5: The computer will be configured solely as a LON-CAPA server and will be
6: expected to have no other services running. Your server is expected to have
7: a reasonably fast connection to the internet.
8: </p><p>
9: More information is available at
10: <a href="http://install.lon-capa.org/">http://install.lon-capa.org/</a>.
11: </p>
12:
13: <h2>Before you begin</h2>
14: <p>
15: Installing Linux is getting easier and easier.
16: You will be required to log in to the machine and execute
17: some routine Unix commands. Familiarity with the Apache web server, mod_perl,
18: perl, and MySQL are not required to install and run LON-CAPA.
19: </p>
20:
21: <h2>Installation Overview</h2>
22: <p>
23: The installation process takes the following steps:
24: </p>
25: <ol>
26: <li><a href="#obt">Obtain CentOS Linux 7 installation iso file</a></li>
27: <li><a href="#net">Determine Network Settings</a></li>
28: <li><a href="#lin">Install CentOS Linux 7</a></li>
29: <li><a href="#upd">Update your system</a></li>
30: <li><a href="#ilc">Install LON-CAPA</a></li>
31: <li><a href="#cdc">Create a Domain Coordinator</a></li>
32: <li><a href="#sts">Start/Restart services</a></li>
33: <li><a href="#log">Log in to LON-CAPA</a></li>
34: </ol>
35:
36: <hr />
37: <h2>1. <a name="obt">Obtain CentOS Linux 7</a></h2>
38: <p>
39: CentOS 7 isos can be obtained from links included on the
40: <a href="http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/isos/">CentOS download page</a>.
41: Either download the Boot ISO or the CentOS 7 binary
42: </p>
43:
44: <h2>2. <a name="net">Determine Network Settings</a></h2>
45: <p>
46: You will need to know the following network settings for your installation.
47: <b>Note:</b>You must have a static IP address to use LON-CAPA.
48: DHCP is <em>not</em> supported.
49:
50: <ul>
51: <li>ip address </li>
52: <li>netmask </li>
53: <li>hostname </li>
54: <li>gateway </li>
55: <li>domain name server(s) </li>
56: </ul>
57:
58: <h2>3. <a name="lin">Minimal CentOS Linux 7 Install</a></h2>
59: <p>
60: Installing CentOS Linux is straightforward.
61: Documentation is available from
62: <a href="http://wiki.centos.org/">
63: http://wiki.centos.org/</a>
64: Most of the installation screens are self explanatory.
65: There are a few steps that require comment and are dealt with below.
66: </p>
67: <dl style="list-style:square outside none">
68: <dt>Installation Language</dt>
69: <dd>Use English as your installation language.</dd>
70: <dt>Installation Destination</dt>
71: <dd>For a fresh install may want to use the automatic partitioning feature of the installer.
72: If you want to customize partitioning check the "I will configure partitioning" radio button.
73: LON-CAPA resource files are stored in the /home directory, so the
74: majority of the disk space should be allocated here. If you have 20 GB
75: of space for CentOS, /home should receive at least 10 to 12 GB.
76: Since Mariadb uses the /var filesystem to store its databases you should
77: have at least 4 GB of space available on /var. Be sure to
78: include adequate swap space. A minimum is 512 MB, but you should
79: typically have 1 or 2x as much swap space as you do physical RAM.</dd>
80: <dt>Network and Hostname</dt>
81: <dd>LON-CAPA will <b>not</b> work with a machine set up to use a dynamic
82: IP address. When configuring your network card, be sure to unselect
83: the DHCP option and enter your network information. Enter your hostname</dd>
84: <dt>Software Selection</dt>
85: <dd>Select the "Minimal Install" radio button.</dd>
86: </dl>
87: <p>
88: Finish installing your server, reboot it, and log in as root.
89: </p>
90: <h3>Firewall Configuration</h3>
91: <p>
1.5 ! raeburn 92: Starting with LON-CAPA 2.11.3 you have the option of using either firewalld or iptables to
! 93: manage the Firewall on your CentOS 7 server/VM, as both are compatible with LON-CAPA's
! 94: port management.</p>
! 95: <p>Enable access to standard web server ports (i.e., http and https) as follows, if
! 96: using firewalld::</p>
! 97: <pre>
! 98: systemctl enable firewalld
! 99: systemctl start firewalld
! 100: firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=http
! 101: firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=https
! 102: firewall-cmd --reload
! 103: </pre>
! 104: <p>If you prefer to use the traditional iptables package instead of the default firewalld,
! 105: you will need to install iptables-services, disable firewalld, enable iptables, and then
! 106: use the system-config-firewall-tui tool to configure the Firewall.
1.2 raeburn 107: </p>
1.1 raeburn 108: <pre>
109: yum install iptables-services
110: systemctl mask firewalld
111: systemctl enable iptables
112: systemctl enable ip6tables
113: systemctl stop firewalld
114: systemctl start iptables
115: systemctl start ip6tables
116: </pre>
117: <p>
1.5 ! raeburn 118: Install the system-config-firewall-tui package and configure the Firewall.
1.1 raeburn 119: </p>
120: <pre>
1.5 ! raeburn 121: yum install system-config-firewall-tui
1.1 raeburn 122: system-config-firewall-tui
123: </pre>
124: <ol>
125: <li>Select Security Level: Enabled, and Customize, to allow
126: incoming: SSH (remote login), WWW (HTTP) and secure WWW
127: (HTTPS).
128: </li>
129: <li>Select OK, and then Quit</li>
130: </ol>
131:
132: <h2>4. <a name="upd">Update your system</a></h2>
133: <p>
1.4 raeburn 134: If you are using 64-bit architecture enable access to the EPEL repository. Execute:
1.2 raeburn 135: </p>
136: <pre>
137: yum install epel-release
138: </pre>
139: <p>
1.1 raeburn 140: Update your system to the latest versions of the system software using yum.
141: </p>
142: <pre>
143: yum update
144: </pre>
145: <p>
146: Reboot your system before continuing with the installation.
147: </p>
148: <p>
1.5 ! raeburn 149: Retrieve the centos7_loncapa_yum file from the LON-CAPA install site and install
! 150: using the following commands:
1.1 raeburn 151: </p>
152: <pre>
1.5 ! raeburn 153: yum install wget
! 154: rpm --import http://install.loncapa.org/versions/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-loncapa
1.1 raeburn 155: wget http://install.loncapa.org/versions/centos/7/centos7_loncapa_yum.conf
156: mv /etc/yum.conf /etc/yum.conf.backup
157: cp centos7_loncapa_yum.conf /etc/yum.conf
158: yum update
159: </pre>
1.2 raeburn 160: <p>
161: Verify the required repositories are enabled:
162: </p>
163: <pre>
164: yum repolist enabled
165: </pre>
166: <p>
1.3 raeburn 167: The list of enabled repos should be as follows (where $basearch = x86_64 or i386). The epel repo will be absent if you are using 32-bit architecture.
1.2 raeburn 168: </p>
169: <table style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse;">
170: <tr><th>repo id</th><th>repo name</th></tr>
171: <tr><td>base/7/$basearch</td><td>CentOS-7 - Base<td></tr>
1.3 raeburn 172: <tr><td>epel/x86_64</td><td>Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64</td></tr>
1.2 raeburn 173: <tr><td>extras/7/$basearch</td><td>CentOS-7 - Extras</td></tr>
174: <tr><td>loncapa-updates-basearch/7/$basearch</td><td>CentOS 7 LON-CAPA $basearch Updates</td></tr>
175: <tr><td>loncapa-updates-noarch/7</td><td>CentOS 7 LON-CAPA noarch Updates</td></tr>
176: <tr><td>updates/7/$basearch</td><td>CentOS-7 - Updates<td></tr>
177: </table>
1.1 raeburn 178:
179: <h3>Configure SELinux</h3>
180: <p>
181: The default CentOS 7 installation includes SELinux enabled. Until such time as an SELinux security policy has been created for LON-CAPA, SELinux should be disabled.
182: Retrieve the loncapa_selinux_config file from the LON-CAPA install site:
183: </p>
184: <pre>
185: wget http://install.loncapa.org/versions/centos/7/loncapa_selinux_config
186: </pre>
187: <p>
188: Install the selinux config file
189: </p>
190: <pre>
191: mv /etc/selinux/config /etc/selinux/config.backup
192: mv loncapa_selinux_config /etc/selinux/config
193: reboot
194: </pre>
195:
196: <h2>5. <a name="ilc">Installing LON-CAPA</a></h2>
197: <h3>Install prerequisites</h3>
198: <p> Execute: </p>
199: <pre>
200: yum install LONCAPA-prerequisites
201: </pre><p>
202: This may take some minutes due to LON-CAPA's large number of dependencies.
203: </p>
204: <h3>Retrieve and execute LON-CAPA setup program</h3>
205: <p>
206: Retrieve the LON-CAPA setup with the following command:
207: </p>
208: <pre>
209: wget http://install.loncapa.org/linux/install.tar
210: </pre>
211: <p>
212: Extract the archive with the following command:
213: </p>
214: <pre>
215: tar xf install.tar
216: </pre>
217: <p>
218: This creates a directory named <tt>installation</tt>. Change to it and
219: execute the setup script with the following commands:
220: </p>
221: <pre>
222: cd installation
223: ./install.pl
224: </pre>
225: <p>
226: The script is used to prepare a Linux system to run LON-CAPA, and can also be
227: used to check the configuration of a system on which LON-CAPA has already been installed. Typically, though, you will run this script only once, when you first install LON-CAPA.
228: </p>
229: <p>
230: The script will analyze your system to determine which actions are recommended. The script will then prompt you to choose the actions you would like taken.
231: Once a choice has been entered for all nine possible actions, required changes will be made.
232: </p>
233: <p>The possible actions are:</p>
234: <ul>
235: <li>Create the www user/group</li>
236: <li>Install the package LON-CAPA uses to authenticate users.</li>
237: <li>Set-up the MySQL (Mariadb) database</li>
238: <li>Set-up MySQL (Mariadb) permissions</li>
239: <li>Configure Apache web server</li>
240: <li>Configure start-up of services</li>
241: <li>Check firewall settings</li>
242: <li>Stop services not used by LON-CAPA, e.g., services for a print server: cups daemon</li>
243: <li>Download LON-CAPA source code in readiness for installation</li>
244: </ul>
245: <h3>Determine LON-CAPA Settings</h3>
246: <p>
247: LON-CAPA requires a number of identifying parameters to be set in order
248: for it to function at all. Below is a list with descriptions.
249: </p>
250: <dl>
251: <dt>Host Type (library or access)</dt>
252: <dd>The server must be designated a 'library' or an 'access' server. In
253: general you should have a library server for your instructors to create
254: their course content on and run their courses. Students should connect
255: to access servers. If you are doing the first install of LON-CAPA at
256: your site, or if you are playing with it for your own edification you
257: should make your machine a 'library' server.</dd>
258: <dt>LON-CAPA domain</dt>
259: <dd>Each site or school which installs LON-CAPA needs its own domain.
260: Here at MSU we use 'msu'. You should choose something short but
261: meaningful. <i>Restriction: One word, no hyphens, underscores, or
262: special characters.</i><br>Domain names which include a departmental
263: abbreviation are not recommended as although LON-CAPA may start in
264: a single department, other departments frequently join subsequently.
265: For a domain name: 'msu' is a superior choice to 'msuphys' for example.
266: </dd>
267: <dt>LON-CAPA host id</dt>
268: <dd>Each LON-CAPA server requires a unique internal name. We use names
269: such as "msul1" for the first library server. <i>Restriction: One word,
270: no hyphens, underscores, or special characters.</i>
271: </dd>
272: <dt>Domain's Primary Library Server ID</dt>
273: <dd>If you are setting up a domain with a single library server, then the domain's primary library server ID will be the LON-CAPA host id of that server (e.g., msul1). Once your domain grows and you need to add more servers, one of the library servers in the domain should be assigned as the domain's primary library server. This will be where domain-wide settings will be stored.<dd>
274: <dt>Host administrator email</dt>
275: <dd>The amount of email sent to this address is relatively minimal. Messages
276: are sent every time the system starts up, or if the system is in
277: serious trouble. On a laptop, make this <tt>root@localhost</tt>.
278: </dd>
279: <dt>Support email address</dt>
280: <dd>If you enter an e-mail address here, then users of the system
281: will be able to click an "Ask Helpdesk" link in the system to
282: display a web form which they will complete to request support from
283: your institution's helpdesk. On form submission the contents
284: will be sent to the e-mail address you specify.
285: </dd>
286: </dl>
287:
288: <h3>Configuring LON-CAPA</h3>
289: <p>
290: To configure and install LON-CAPA, execute the following commands:
291: </p>
292: <pre>
293: cd /root/loncapa-X.Y.Z (X.Y.Z should correspond to a version number like '2.11.0')
294: ./UPDATE
295: </pre>
296: <p>
297: You will need to enter the LON-CAPA configuration information you determined
298: in the previous section.
299: </p>
300:
301: <h2>6. <a name="cdc">Creating a Domain Coordinator</a></h2>
302: <p>
303: You will need at least one user at your site who has the role of
304: 'domain coordinator'. This user creates accounts for other users and
305: grants them additional privileges. The make_domain_coordinator.pl script
306: invoked below requires that you enter the user's password.
307: Feel free to use the "passwd username" command to change it later.
308: Replace USERNAME and DOMAIN with an appropriate user name and your domain.
309: If installing a library server and an access server on separate machines or VMs
310: you need only run make_domain_coordinator.pl on the library server.
311: </p>
312: <pre>
313: cd /root/loncapa-X.Y.Z/loncom/build
314: perl make_domain_coordinator.pl USERNAME DOMAIN
315: </pre>
316:
317: <h2>7. <a name="sts">Start/Restart Services</a></h2>
318: <p>
319: The LON-CAPA network services take a moment to start. Most misconfigurations
320: will be apparent at this step.
321: </p>
322: <pre>
323: /etc/init.d/loncontrol start
324: service httpd start
325: </pre>
326: <p>
327: If you receive warnings about missing perl modules, when starting the httpd service
328: please make sure you followed the instructions in
329: <b>Installing LON-CAPA Dependencies</b>. If you still have errors, please
330: contact the LON-CAPA Helpdesk -- helpdesk at loncapa.org
331: </p>
332:
333: <h2>8. <a name="log">Log in to your LON-CAPA Machine</a></h2>
334: <p>
335: Point a web browser at your new machine and log in as the domain
336: coordinator. Congratulations!
337: </p>
338:
339: <hr>
340: <h2>If things aren't working right</h2>
341: <p>
342: If you've followed the steps above and the server doesn't start or you think
343: there's something wrong, please contact the LON-CAPA helpdesk.
344: Installation/update support is available from: helpdesk at loncapa.org
345: (replace " at " with @).
346: If there were errors in installation of the dependency RPMs or errors during the
347: automatic setup, please send us as much information as possible.
348: If some part of this document is unclear please let us know.
349: </p>
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