--- doc/build/ubuntu16LTS_install.frag	2021/01/09 03:26:20	1.5
+++ doc/build/ubuntu16LTS_install.frag	2022/03/26 19:00:51	1.7
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ Use ufw to allow incoming traffic for th
 ssh, www, https
 </p>
 <pre>
+sudo apt-get install ufw
 sudo ufw default deny
 sudo ufw enable
 sudo ufw allow ssh
@@ -137,13 +138,29 @@ sudo apt-get update
 <p> Execute: </p>
 <pre>
 sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
-sudo apt-add-repository 'deb http://install.loncapa.org/ubuntu xenial main'
+sudo add-apt-repository 'deb http://install.loncapa.org/ubuntu xenial main'
 </pre>
 <p>
 You can display which repositories are currently enabled by using:
 </p>
 <pre>
-sudo apt-cache policy
+grep '^deb ' /etc/apt/sources.list |grep ' xenial '
+</pre>
+<p>The output should contain:</p>
+<pre>
+deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main
+deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial universe
+deb http://install.loncapa.org/ubuntu xenial main
+</pre>
+<p>If the Ubuntu universe repository is absent it can be added using:</p>
+<pre>
+sudo add-apt-repository universe
+</pre>
+<p>If other Ubuntu repositories, e.g., restricted and multiverse are enabled,
+you can disable them, as they are not needed for LON-CAPA, by using:</p>
+<pre>
+sudo add-apt-repository --remove restricted
+sudo add-apt-repository --remove multiverse
 </pre>
 <h3>Install prerequisites</h3>
 <p> Execute: </p>
@@ -158,13 +175,15 @@ This may take some minutes due to LON-CA
 sudo mysql_secure_installation
 </pre><p>
 Press ENTER to skip set up of the validate password plugin.<br />
-Although you will be prompted to set a password for the MySQL root user, in Ubuntu systems running MySQL 5.7 (and later),
-the root user is authenticated by the auth_socket plugin by default, so 
-
-Answer “Y” (yes) to the prompts to: (a) remove the anonymous user, (b) restrict root user access to the local machine,
+In Ubuntu systems running MySQL 5.7 (and later), by default the MySQL root 
+user is authenticated by the auth_socket plugin which restricts root access
+to the local machine (and to sudo). If you prefer to set a password for the
+MySQL root user, you can do so, and user that instead of the default.
+</p><p>
+Answer “Y” (yes) to the prompts to: 
+(a) remove the anonymous user, 
+(b) restrict root user access to the local machine,
 and (c) remove the test database.</p>
-<p>
-In Ubuntu systems running MySQL 5.7 (and later), the root user is authenticated by the auth_socket plugin by default. 
 <h3>Set MPM mode for Apache web server and enable use of cgi scripts and webDAV</h3>
 <p>Execute: </p>
 <pre>
@@ -264,12 +283,11 @@ for it to function at all.  Below is a l
 
 <h3>Configuring LON-CAPA</h3>
 <p>
-To configure and install LON-CAPA, become root and execute the following commands:
+To configure and install LON-CAPA execute the following commands:
 </p>
 <pre>
-sudo -i
-cd /root/loncapa-X.Y.Z     (X.Y.Z should correspond to a version number like '2.11.2')
-./UPDATE
+cd ../loncapa-X.Y.Z  (X.Y.Z should correspond to a version number like '2.11.2')
+sudo ./UPDATE
 </pre>
 <p>
 You will need to enter the LON-CAPA configuration information you determined 
@@ -285,18 +303,19 @@ invoked below requires that you enter th
 Replace USERNAME and DOMAIN with an appropriate username and your domain.
 </p>
 <pre>
-cd /root/loncapa-X.Y.Z/loncom/build
-perl make_domain_coordinator.pl USERNAME DOMAIN
+cd loncom/build
+sudo perl make_domain_coordinator.pl USERNAME DOMAIN
+cd
 </pre>
 
 <h2>7. <a name="sts">Start/Restart Services</a></h2>
 <p>
 The LON-CAPA network services take a moment to start.  Most misconfigurations
-will be apparent at this step. Lastly, exit from root status to resume use of your regular account.
+will be apparent at this step.
 </p>
 <pre>
-/etc/init.d/loncontrol start
-/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
+sudo /etc/init.d/loncontrol start
+sudo service apache2 restart
 exit
 </pre>
 <p>