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  {tab-stops:center 3.0in right 6.0in;  <title>Session Two: Statistics/Chart (Behrouz)</title>
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 <body bgcolor=#FFFFFF link=blue vlink=purple class="Normal" lang=EN-US><div class=Section1>  
 <h2>Session Two: Statistics/Chart (Behrouz)</h2>   font-family:"Times New Roman";
 <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>In LON-CAPA, we are involved with two kinds  
   of large data sets: </span></p>   color:black;}
 <p> <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>1)<span  
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span  .MsoBodyTextIndent2
 style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Educational resources such as </span>web pages,  
   demonstrations, simulations, and individualized problems designed for use on   {text-align:justify;
   homework assignments, quizzes, and examinations<span style='layout-grid-mode:  
 line'>; </span></p>   line-height:150%;
 <p> <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>2)<span  
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span   font-size:11.0pt;
 style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Information about users who create, modify, assess,  
   or use these resources. </span></p>   font-family:"Times New Roman";}
 <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Usually, instructors/ course coordinators  
   wish to assess the studentsÕ educational situation or evaluate the problems  .MsoHyperlink
   have bee presented in the course, after the students used the educational materials.  
   There are two main modules in LON_CAPA that provide the statistical information   {color:blue;
   for instructors/ course-coordinators: <i>lonchart.pm </i></span><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>and  
   <i>lonstatistics.pm</i></span><span   text-decoration:underline;
 style='layout-grid-mode:line'>. When an instructorÕs access is authorized, he/she  
   can find useful reports about the course, regarding maps, problems included   text-underline:single;}
   in each map, and the students who tried to solve the problems. When an instructor  
   selects a course, he/she has two buttons in remote control to obtain the statistical  .H5
   information: Ò<i>chart</i></span><span style='layout-grid-mode:  
 line'>Ó or Ò<i>stat</i></span><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Ó button.</span></p>   {font-size:10.0pt;
 <h3 style='line-height:150%'><a name="_Toc421867139"><span style='layout-grid-mode:  
 line'>lonchart.pm</span></a></h3>   font-family:"Times New Roman";
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Ò<i>chart</i></span><span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Ó button in remote control calls   layout-grid-mode:line;
   lonchart.pm, which provides a quick review of students tries on different problems  
   of a course for an instructor.&nbsp; The instructor may monitor the number of   font-weight:bold;}
   tries of every student in each map and its problems.<span style='color:red'>  
   </span>The number of solved problems in a map is shown in the end of each map  .FirstParagraph
   with a different color (green). The overall solved problems and total number  
   of problems in the map can be seen at the end of line according to every individual   {text-align:justify;
   student in a different color (blue). A sample of chart is shown in <b>Fig. 3.2.1</b></span></p>  
 <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;border:solid windowtext .5pt;   font-size:10.0pt;
 padding:0in'>xxxxxxx1:msu ! 001 ! 1*11*121 <span style='color:green'>8</span>  
   1231.31423212 <span style='color:green'>12 </span>&nbsp;2111211284.131 <span style='color:green'>13</span>   font-family:"Times New Roman";}
   É&nbsp; 231113112221 <span style='color:green'>12</span>&nbsp; <span style='color:navy'>162  
   / 188<br>  .Section1
   </span>xxxxxxx2:msu ! 003 ! 12113162 <span style='color:green'>8</span> 1+11&nbsp;  
   1&nbsp; 21x111<span style='color:green'>10</span> 11211322246132 <span   {page:Section1;}
 style='color:green'>14</span> É ############<span style='color:green'>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;  
   </span><span  .Section2
 style='color:navy'>149 / 188</span><span style='color:green'> <br>  
   <br>   {page:Section2;}
   </span></span></p>  
 <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 1.0pt'>  -->
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>1..9: correct by student in 1..9 tries </p>  
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>*: correct by student in more than 9 tries  </style>
   </p>  
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>+: correct by override </p>  </head>
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>-: incorrect by override </p>  
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>.: incorrect attempted </p>  <body bgcolor=#FFFFFF link=blue vlink=purple class="Normal" lang=EN-US><div class=Section1> 
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>#: ungraded attempted </p>  
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>Ô Ô: not attempted </p>  <h2>Session Two: Statistics/Chart (Behrouz)</h2>
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>x: excused</p>  
 </div>  <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>In LON-CAPA, we are involved with two kinds 
 <p><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.1</b></span><span  
 style='font-size:14.0pt'> Chart of map, problems, and studentsÕ tries, and a quick    of large data sets: </span></p>
   statistics of solved problems</span></p>  
 <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>1. When an instructor loads the chart in  <p> <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>1)<span
   his/her machine once, its data is cached in his/her local machine. If he/she  
   runs the chart again, the course chart is loaded very quickly from the cache.</span></p>  style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span
 <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>2. An instructor can sort the chart according  
   to user name, last name, as well as, the section which student belongs to.</span></p>  style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Educational resources such as </span>web pages, 
 <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt'>  
   <p align=center style='text-align:center;    demonstrations, simulations, and individualized problems designed for use on 
 border:none;padding:0in;'><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Arial;  
 display:none'>Top of Form</span></p>    homework assignments, quizzes, and examinations<span style='layout-grid-mode:
 </div>  
 <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 4.0pt 0in 4.0pt'>  line'>; </span></p>
   <p align=center style='  
 text-align:center;  <p> <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>2)<span
 border:none;padding:  
 0in;'><b>Sort by: &nbsp; </b><span  style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span
 style='font-weight:normal'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <img width=53 height=23  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image003.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Information about users who create, modify, assess, 
     <img width=51 height=23  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image006.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;    or use these resources. </span></p>
     <img width=40 height=23  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image009.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027"> <br>  <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Usually, instructors/ course coordinators 
     <br>  
     </span></p>    wish to assess the studentsÕ educational situation or evaluate the problems 
 </div>  
 <p>3. The instructor is able to select the ÒexpiredÓ students (who dropped the    have bee presented in the course, after the students used the educational materials. 
   course earlier) or ÒactiveÓ students or ÒanyÓ (all the) students.</p>  
 <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 0in'>    There are two main modules in LON_CAPA that provide the statistical information 
   <p align=center style='  
 text-align:center;    for instructors/ course-coordinators: <i>lonchart.pm </i></span><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>and 
 border:none;padding:0in;  
 '><br>    <i>lonstatistics.pm</i></span><span
     <b>Student Status: &nbsp; </b><span style='font-weight:normal'> <img width=66 height=18  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image012.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  style='layout-grid-mode:line'>. When an instructorÕs access is authorized, he/she 
     <img width=77 height=23  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image015.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029"> </span></p>    can find useful reports about the course, regarding maps, problems included 
 </div>  
 <div style='border:none;border-top:solid windowtext .75pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>    in each map, and the students who tried to solve the problems. When an instructor 
   <p align=center style='text-align:center;border:none;  
 padding:0in;'><span    selects a course, he/she has two buttons in remote control to obtain the statistical 
 style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Arial;display:none'>Bottom of Form</span></p>  
 </div>    information: Ò<i>chart</i></span><span style='layout-grid-mode:
 <h3 style='line-height:200%'><a name="_Toc421867140"><span style='layout-grid-mode:  
 line'>lonstatistics.pm</span></a></h3>  line'>Ó or Ò<i>stat</i></span><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Ó button.</span></p>
 <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>In ÒstatÓ button of Òremote controlÓ, a  
   menu with three options is provided for instructor: </span></p>  <h3 style='line-height:150%'><a name="_Toc421867139"><span style='layout-grid-mode:
 <p> <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>1)<span  
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span  line'>lonchart.pm</span></a></h3>
 style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Problem stats</span></p>  
 <p> <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>2)<span  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Ò<i>chart</i></span><span
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span  
 style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Problem Analysis</span></p>  style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Ó button in remote control calls 
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;  
 layout-grid-mode:line'>3)<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;    lonchart.pm, which provides a quick review of students tries on different problems 
   </span></span> <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Student Assessment</span></p>  
 <h4 style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:Arial;    of a course for an instructor.&nbsp; The instructor may monitor the number of 
 layout-grid-mode:line;font-weight:normal'> &nbsp; </span></h4>  
 <h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;layout-grid-mode:line'> &nbsp;    tries of every student in each map and its problems.<span style='color:red'> 
   </span></h4>  
 <h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;layout-grid-mode:line;    </span>The number of solved problems in a map is shown in the end of each map 
 font-weight:normal'>Problem Stats</span></h4>  
 <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Ò<i>Problem Stats</i></span><span    with a different color (green). The overall solved problems and total number 
 style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Ó button provides a table<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class=MsoFootnoteReference>  
   [1] </span></a> which includes statistical information about every problem,    of problems in the map can be seen at the end of line according to every individual 
   as you see in <b>Fig. 3.2.2</b></span><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>.  
   The function ExtractStudentData in lonstatitics Perl Module fetches all the    student in a different color (blue). A sample of chart is shown in <b>Fig. 3.2.1</b></span></p>
   data from a particular student<a name="_Hlt9981185"></a> .db file into a big  
   hash in local machine. It uses dump function, which communicates via lonc/lond  <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;border:solid windowtext .5pt;
   to get the student data from student repository (data server) and then all versions  
   of student submissions computed according to every problem. The results are  padding:0in'>xxxxxxx1:msu ! 001 ! 1*11*121 <span style='color:green'>8</span> 
   stored in an array in the memory.&nbsp; Before computing the studentsÕ tries  
   in a particular problem, the different parts of problem are distinguished by    1231.31423212 <span style='color:green'>12 </span>&nbsp;2111211284.131 <span style='color:green'>13</span> 
   considering the meta-data, which is provided for every problem. </span></p>  
 <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/mmp\/kap1\/calckap1\.sequence\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span    É&nbsp; 231113112221 <span style='color:green'>12</span>&nbsp; <span style='color:navy'>162 
 class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Homework Set 1</span></span></span>  
 </p>    / 188<br>
 <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>  
   <tr>    </span>xxxxxxx2:msu ! 003 ! 12113162 <span style='color:green'>8</span> 1+11&nbsp; 
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>P#</b></p></td>  
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>    1&nbsp; 21x111<span style='color:green'>10</span> 11211322246132 <span
         <img width=94 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image018.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030"> </b></p></td>  style='color:green'>14</span> É ############<span style='color:green'>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp; 
     <td width=37 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>  
         <img width=41 height=23    </span><span
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image021.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031"> </b></p></td>  
     <td width=29 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>  style='color:navy'>149 / 188</span><span style='color:green'> <br>
         <img width=31 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image024.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1032"> </b></p></td>    <br>
     <td width=26 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>  
         <img width=28 height=23    </span></span></p>
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image027.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033"> </b></p></td>  
     <td width=30 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>  <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 1.0pt'> 
         <img width=32 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image030.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034"> </b></p></td>    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>1..9: correct by student in 1..9 tries </p>
     <td width=31 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>  
         <img width=33 height=23    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>*: correct by student in more than 9 tries 
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image033.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035"> </b></p></td>  
     <td width=29 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>    </p>
         <img width=31 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image036.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1036"> </b></p></td>    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>+: correct by override </p>
     <td width=36 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>  
         <img width=40 height=23    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>-: incorrect by override </p>
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image039.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1037"> </b></p></td>  
     <td width=32 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>.: incorrect attempted </p>
         <img width=35 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image042.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1038"> </b></p></td>    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>#: ungraded attempted </p>
     <td width=26 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>  
         <img width=28 height=23    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>Ô Ô: not attempted </p>
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image045.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1039"> </b></p></td>  
     <td width=33 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>x: excused</p>
         <img width=36 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image048.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1040"> </b></p></td>  </div>
     <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>  
         <img width=38 height=23  <p><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.1</b></span><span
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image051.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1041"> </b></p></td>  
     <td width=37 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>  style='font-size:14.0pt'> Chart of map, problems, and studentsÕ tries, and a quick 
         <img width=41 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image054.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1042"> </b></p></td>    statistics of solved problems</span></p>
   </tr>  
   <tr>  <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>1. When an instructor loads the chart in 
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>  
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob11\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span    his/her machine once, its data is cached in his/her local machine. If he/she 
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Calculator Skills</span></span></span></span></p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>    runs the chart again, the course chart is loaded very quickly from the cache.</span></p>
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>267</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>  <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>2. An instructor can sort the chart according 
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.04</p></td>  
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>    to user name, last name, as well as, the section which student belongs to.</span></p>
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>  
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.0</p></td>  <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt'> 
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.04</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.2</p></td>    <p align=center style='text-align:center;
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>5.7</p></td>  
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.03</p></td>  border:none;padding:0in;'><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Arial;
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.00</p></td>  
   </tr>  display:none'>Top of Form</span></p>
   <tr>  
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>  </div>
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob10\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Numbers</span></span></span></span></p></td>  <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 4.0pt 0in 4.0pt'> 
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>414</p></td>    <p align=center style='
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>17</p></td>  
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.62</p></td>  text-align:center;
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>255</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>  border:none;padding:
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.4</p></td>  
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.38</p></td>  0in;'><b>Sort by: &nbsp; </b><span
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.6</p></td>  
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>5.7</p></td>  style='font-weight:normal'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <img width=53 height=23
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.11</p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.02</p></td>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image003.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <img width=51 height=23
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>  
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/03_Units_Scaling\/msu-prob22\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image006.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Speed</span></span></span></span></p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>      <img width=40 height=23
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>698</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>13</p></td>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image009.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027"> <br>
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.73</p></td>  
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>255</p></td>      <br>
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>  
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.4</p></td>      </span></p>
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.63</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.2</p></td>  </div>
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.9</p></td>  
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.06</p></td>  <p>3. The instructor is able to select the ÒexpiredÓ students (who dropped the 
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.02</p></td>  
   </tr>    course earlier) or ÒactiveÓ students or ÒanyÓ (all the) students.</p>
   <tr>  
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>  <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 0in'> 
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob13\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Perimeter</span></span></span></span></p></td>    <p align=center style='
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>388</p></td>  text-align:center;
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>7</p></td>  
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.52</p></td>  border:none;padding:0in;
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>255</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>  '><br>
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.4</p></td>  
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.34</p></td>      <b>Student Status: &nbsp; </b><span style='font-weight:normal'> <img width=66 height=18
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.9</p></td>  
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.4</p></td>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image012.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.00</p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.02</p></td>      <img width=77 height=23
   </tr>  
   <tr>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image015.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029"> </span></p>
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>  
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/devolibrary\/type-math\/fraction-rlt-235\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  </div>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Reduce a Fraction</span></span></span></span></p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>  <div style='border:none;border-top:solid windowtext .75pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 0in 0in'> 
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>315</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>    <p align=center style='text-align:center;border:none;
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.23</p></td>  
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>  padding:0in;'><span
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>  
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.0</p></td>  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Arial;display:none'>Bottom of Form</span></p>
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.19</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.5</p></td>  </div>
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.3</p></td>  
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.01</p></td>  <h3 style='line-height:200%'><a name="_Toc421867140"><span style='layout-grid-mode:
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.00</p></td>  
   </tr>  line'>lonstatistics.pm</span></a></h3>
   <tr>  
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>  <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>In ÒstatÓ button of Òremote controlÓ, a 
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/devolibrary\/type-math\/fract-add-sub-div-p11\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Calculating with Fractions</span></span></span></span></p></td>    menu with three options is provided for instructor: </span></p>
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>393</p></td>  <p> <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>1)<span
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>7</p></td>  
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.54</p></td>  style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>255</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>  style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Problem stats</span></p>
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.4</p></td>  
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.35</p></td>  <p> <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>2)<span
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.9</p></td>  
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.0</p></td>  style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.15</p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.02</p></td>  style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Problem Analysis</span></p>
   </tr>  
   <tr>  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>7</p></td>  
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob04\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  layout-grid-mode:line'>3)<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Area of a Balloon</span></span></span></span></p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>254</p></td>    </span></span> <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Student Assessment</span></p>
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>601</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>12</p></td>  <h4 style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:Arial;
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.37</p></td>  
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>247</p></td>  layout-grid-mode:line;font-weight:normal'> &nbsp; </span></h4>
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>  
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.8</p></td>  <h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;layout-grid-mode:line'> &nbsp; 
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.59</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.8</p></td>    </span></h4>
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.8</p></td>  
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.05</p></td>  <h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;layout-grid-mode:line;
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.02</p></td>  
   </tr>  font-weight:normal'>Problem Stats</span></h4>
   <tr>  
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>8</p></td>  <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Ò<i>Problem Stats</i></span><span
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob07\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Volume of a Balloon</span></span></span></span></p></td>  style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Ó button provides a table<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class=MsoFootnoteReference> 
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>252</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>565</p></td>    [1] </span></a> which includes statistical information about every problem, 
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>11</p></td>  
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.24</p></td>    as you see in <b>Fig. 3.2.2</b></span><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>. 
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>243</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>    The function ExtractStudentData in lonstatitics Perl Module fetches all the 
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3.6</p></td>  
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.57</p></td>    data from a particular student<a name="_Hlt9981185"></a> .db file into a big 
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.9</p></td>  
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.0</p></td>    hash in local machine. It uses dump function, which communicates via lonc/lond 
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.06</p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.03</p></td>    to get the student data from student repository (data server) and then all versions 
   </tr>  
   <tr>    of student submissions computed according to every problem. The results are 
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>9</p></td>  
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob12\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span    stored in an array in the memory.&nbsp; Before computing the studentsÕ tries 
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Numerical Value of Fraction</span></span></span></span></p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>    in a particular problem, the different parts of problem are distinguished by 
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>268</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>    considering the meta-data, which is provided for every problem. </span></p>
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.05</p></td>  
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>  <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/mmp\/kap1\/calckap1\.sequence\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>  
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.0</p></td>  class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Homework Set 1</span></span></span> 
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.04</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.2</p></td>  </p>
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3.4</p></td>  
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.01</p></td>  <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.00</p></td>  
   </tr>    <tr> 
   <tr>  
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>10</p></td>      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>P#</b></p></td>
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/03_Units_Scaling\/msu-prob17\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Units</span></span></span></span></p></td>      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1116</p></td>          <img width=94 height=23
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>20</p></td>  
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>4.36</p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image018.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030"> </b></p></td>
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>246</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>      <td width=37 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3.9</p></td>  
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.78</p></td>          <img width=41 height=23
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>4.2</p></td>  
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.9</p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image021.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031"> </b></p></td>
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.18</p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.03</p></td>      <td width=29 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
   </tr>  
   <tr>          <img width=31 height=23
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>11</p></td>  
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/06_Vectors_Scalars\/msu-prob07\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image024.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1032"> </b></p></td>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Vector versus Scalar</span></span></span></span></p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>254</p></td>      <td width=26 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>749</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>11</p></td>          <img width=28 height=23
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.95</p></td>  
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>251</p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image027.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033"> </b></p></td>
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>  
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.2</p></td>      <td width=30 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.66</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.2</p></td>          <img width=32 height=23
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.1</p></td>  
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.05</p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image030.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034"> </b></p></td>
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.05</p></td>  
   </tr>      <td width=31 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
   <tr>  
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>12</p></td>          <img width=33 height=23
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/06_Vectors_Scalars\/msu-prob10\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Adding Vectors</span></span></span></span></p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image033.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035"> </b></p></td>
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>253</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1026</p></td>      <td width=29 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>20</p></td>  
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>4.06</p></td>          <img width=31 height=23
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>250</p></td>  
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image036.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1036"> </b></p></td>
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.2</p></td>  
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.76</p></td>      <td width=36 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3.6</p></td>  
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.8</p></td>          <img width=40 height=23
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.14</p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.00</p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image039.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1037"> </b></p></td>
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=32 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
     <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>13</p></td>  
     <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/02_Math_2_Trig\/msu-prob13\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span          <img width=35 height=23
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Proximity</span></span></span></span></p></td>  
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>249</p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image042.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1038"> </b></p></td>
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>663</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>19</p></td>      <td width=26 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
     <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.66</p></td>  
     <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>239</p></td>          <img width=28 height=23
     <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>  
     <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3.6</p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image045.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1039"> </b></p></td>
     <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.64</p></td>  
     <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.3</p></td>      <td width=33 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
     <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.8</p></td>  
     <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.11</p></td>          <img width=36 height=23
     <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.10</p></td>  
   </tr>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image048.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1040"> </b></p></td>
 </table>  
 <p><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.2</b></span><span      <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
 style='font-size:14.0pt'>: Statistics table includes general statistics of every  
   problem of the course</span></p>          <img width=38 height=23
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Every part of <i>multi-part</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:  
 line'> problems is distinguished as a separate problem. The <i>multi-instance</i></span><span    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image051.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1041"> </b></p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'> problem is also considered separately,  
   because a particular problem or one part of it might be used in different maps.      <td width=37 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b> 
   Finally, the array, which includes all computed information from all students,  
   sorted according to the problem order, underlying in homework sets order. Therefore,          <img width=41 height=23
   in this step we can compute the following statistical information:</span></p>  
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image054.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1042"> </b></p></td>
 layout-grid-mode:line'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
   </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>#Stdnts</b></span><span    </tr>
 style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Total  
   number of students who take a look at the problem.(Let #Stdnts is equal to <i>n</i></span><span style='font-size:    <tr> 
 11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>)</span></p>  
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>
 layout-grid-mode:line'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
   </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>Tries:</b></span><span      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob11\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
 style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
   Total number of tries to solve the problem (</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Calculator Skills</span></span></span></span></p></td>
   <img width=28 height=34  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image057.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1043"> where <i><sub>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
   <img width=12 height=18  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image060.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1044"> </sub></i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>denote      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>267</p></td>
   a student try<span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>).</span></span></p>  
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>
 layout-grid-mode:line'>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
   </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>Mod:      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.04</p></td>
   </b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
   Mode, </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Maximum Number of Tries for solving      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
   the problem.</span></p>  
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
 layout-grid-mode:line'>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
   </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Mean:</b></span><span      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.0</p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Average Number  
   of the Tries. </span></p>      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.04</p></td>
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <img width=11 height=13  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image063.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1045"> = <img width=38 height=34      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.2</p></td>
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image066.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1046"> </span></p>  
 <p> 5.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>5.7</p></td>
   <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>#YES:</b></span><span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Number of students      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.03</p></td>
   solved the problem correctly.</span></p>  
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>6.<span      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.00</p></td>
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>#yes:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;    </tr>
   Number of students solved the problem by override. </span></p>  
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Sometimes, a student gets a correct answer after    <tr> 
   talking with the instructor. This type of correct answer is called Òcorrected  
   by override.</span></p>      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>7.<span  
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob10\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
 style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>%Wrng:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> &nbsp;&nbsp;  
   Percentage of students tried to solve the problem but still incorrect. </span></p>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Numbers</span></span></span></span></p></td>
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <img width=137 height=31  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image069.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1047"> </span></p>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>8.<span  
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>414</p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>S.D.:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
   <i>Standard Deviation</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> of the studentsÕ      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>17</p></td>
   tries. </span></p>  
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <img width=98 height=40      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.62</p></td>
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image072.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1048"> </span></p>  
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>9.<span      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>255</p></td>
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Skew.:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
   <i>Skewness</i></span><span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> of the studentsÕ tries. </span></p>      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.4</p></td>
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <img width=194 height=76  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image075.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1049"> </span></p>      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.38</p></td>
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>10.<span  
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp; </span></span> <span      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.6</p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>DoDiff:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>  
   &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>Degree of Difficulty</i></span><span      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>5.7</p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> of the problem. </span></p>  
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <img width=100 height=38      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.11</p></td>
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image078.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1050"> </span></p>  
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>As you see Degree of Difficulty is always between      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.02</p></td>
   0 and 1. This is a good factor for an instructor to determine whether a problem  
   is difficult, and what is the degree of this difficulty. Thus, DoDiff of each    </tr>
   problem is saved in its meta data.</span></p>  
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>11.<span    <tr> 
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp; </span></span> <span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Dis.F.:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>
   <i>Discrimination Factor</i></span><a href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2"  
 title=""><span class=MsoFootnoteReference><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> [2]      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/03_Units_Scaling\/msu-prob22\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
   </span></span></a><span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> is an standard for evaluating how much a problem discriminates    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Speed</span></span></span></span></p></td>
   between the upper and the lower students.&nbsp; First, all of the students are  
   sorted according to a criterion. Then, %27 of upper students and %27 lower students      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
   are selected from the sorted students applying the mentioned criterion. Finally  
   we obtain the Discrimination Factor from the following difference:</span></p>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>698</p></td>
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><i>Applied a criterion in %27 upper students  
   - Applied the same Criterion in %27 lower students.</i></span></p>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>13</p></td>
 <p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 align=left style='text-align:left;line-height:normal'>Discrimination  
   Factor is a number in interval [-1,1]. If this number is close to 1, it shows      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.73</p></td>
   that only upper students have solved this problem. If it is close to 0 it shows  
   that the upper students and the lowers are approximately the same in solving      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>255</p></td>
   the problem. If this number is negative, it shows that the lower students have  
   more successes in solving the problem, and thus this problem is very poor in      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
   discriminating the upper and lower students.</p>  
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>In lonstatistics.pm we compute the Discrimination      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.4</p></td>
   Factor from two criteria:</span></p>  
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><i>1st Criterion </i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>for      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.63</p></td>
   Sorting the Students: <img width=138 height=41  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image081.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1051"> </span></p>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.2</p></td>
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><i>2nd Criterion</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>  
   for Sorting the Students: <img width=87 height=41      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.9</p></td>
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image084.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1052"> </span></p>  
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.06</p></td>
 font-family:Symbol;layout-grid-mode:line'>á<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
   </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>Change      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.02</p></td>
   the stats table sorting </b></span></p>  
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>As you see in Fig. 3.2.    </tr>
   2, all headers in the stats table are buttons that change the order of the table.  
   Users can change increasingly or decreasingly every column of the table. First    <tr> 
   the user select the Ò<i>ascending</i></span><span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Ó or Ò<i>descending</i></span><span      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Ó option, then he/she can change  
   the order of the table with clicking the header of his/her interested header.      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob13\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
   If the user changes the order the table, all information is shown in one table,  
   each row corresponds to a particular problem. If the user selects the first    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Perimeter</span></span></span></span></p></td>
   column, Òhomework set orderÓ, the information is shown in different tables,  
   each table corresponds to a particular homework set.&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
 <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;  
 font-family:Symbol;layout-grid-mode:line'>á<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>388</p></td>
   </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>Graphical  
   chart </b></span></p>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>7</p></td>
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Two important features  
   in this page might be seen through the graphical charts. That is, a user could      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.52</p></td>
   see the content of Ò%wrongÓ column and Òdegree of difficulty of problemsÓ in  
   the graphical chart as is shown in Fig. 3.2. 3 and 4 for homework set 1 in course      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>255</p></td>
   PHY183 SS02. These graphical charts are produced dynamically by calling a CGI  
   scripts, (graph.gif) which is located in /home/httpd/cgi-bin/</span></p>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
 <p> <img width=231 height=173  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image086.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1053"> <span      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.4</p></td>
 style='layout-grid-mode:line'> <img width=230 height=170  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image088.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1054"> </span></p>      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.34</p></td>
 <p><b>Fig. 3.2. 3</b><span  
 style='font-weight:normal'>: Degree of difficulty graph &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.9</p></td>
   </span><b>Fig. 3.2. 4</b><span style='font-weight:normal'>: %Wrong graph</span></p>  
 <h4 style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.4</p></td>
 layout-grid-mode:line'> &nbsp; </span></h4>  
 <h3><a name="_Toc421867141"><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Problem Analysis</span></a></h3>      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.00</p></td>
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Conceptual option response problems, in which  
   the students are given several concepts that are randomly assigned to each student,      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.02</p></td>
   are more difficult than numerical simple problems.&nbsp; Instructors usually  
   want to see the studentsÕ tries according to every particular concept separately.    </tr>
   ÒProblem AnalysisÓ button provides all response option problems in one table  
   as follows in the <b>Fig. 3.2.5.</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></p>    <tr> 
 <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 4.0pt'>  
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Total number      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>
     of students: 263</span></p>  
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'><b>Select number of intervals</b><span style='font-weight:normal'>      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/devolibrary\/type-math\/fraction-rlt-235\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
     <img width=53 height=18  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image091.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1055"> </span></p>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Reduce a Fraction</span></span></span></span></p></td>
   <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'><b>Option Response Problems</b><span  
 style='font-weight:normal'> </span><b>in course PHY183 SS02:</b></p>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
 </div>  
 <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>315</p></td>
   <tr>  
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>#      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>
         </b></p></td>  
     <td width=83 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Problem      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.23</p></td>
         Title </b></p></td>  
     <td width=298 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Resource      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
         </b></p></td>  
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Address      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
         </b></p></td>  
   </tr>      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.0</p></td>
   <tr>  
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>1 </p></td>      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.19</p></td>
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob10\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Numbers</span></span></span> </p></td>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.5</p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/01_Math_1/msu-prob10.problem  
       </p></td>      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.3</p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=72 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image094.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1056"> </p></td>      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.01</p></td>
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.00</p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>2 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/03_Units_Scaling\/msu-prob22\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span    </tr>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Speed</span></span></span> </p></td>  
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/03_Units_Scaling/msu-prob22.problem    <tr> 
       </p></td>  
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=72 height=23      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image097.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1057"> </p></td>  
   </tr>      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/devolibrary\/type-math\/fract-add-sub-div-p11\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
   <tr>  
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>3 </p></td>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Calculating with Fractions</span></span></span></span></p></td>
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/03_Units_Scaling\/msu-prob17\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span  
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Units</span></span></span> </p></td>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/03_Units_Scaling/msu-prob17.problem  
       </p></td>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>393</p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=72 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image100.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1058"> </p></td>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>7</p></td>
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.54</p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>4 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/06_Vectors_Scalars\/msu-prob07\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>255</p></td>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Vector versus Scalar</span></span></span>  
       </p></td>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/06_Vectors_Scalars/msu-prob07.problem  
       </p></td>      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.4</p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=72 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image103.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1059"> </p></td>      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.35</p></td>
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.9</p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>5 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/06_Vectors_Scalars\/msu-prob10\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.0</p></td>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Adding Vectors</span></span></span>  
       </p></td>      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.15</p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/06_Vectors_Scalars/msu-prob10.problem  
       </p></td>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.02</p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=72 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image106.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1060"> </p></td>    </tr>
   </tr>  
   <tr>    <tr> 
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>6 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/05_1D_Motion\/msu-prob16\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>7</p></td>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Traveling Car</span></span></span>  
       </p></td>      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob04\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/05_1D_Motion/msu-prob16.problem  
       </p></td>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Area of a Balloon</span></span></span></span></p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=59 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image109.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1061"> </p></td>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>254</p></td>
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>601</p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>7 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/kashy\/Testing\/randomlabel\/atwood3T2M\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>12</p></td>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Atwood Machine</span></span></span>  
       </p></td>      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.37</p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/kashy/Testing/randomlabel/atwood3T2M.problem  
       </p></td>      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>247</p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=63 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image112.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1062"> </p></td>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.8</p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>8 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/10_Motion_W_Friction\/msu-prob32\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.59</p></td>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Sliding mass concepts</span></span></span>  
       </p></td>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.8</p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/10_Motion_W_Friction/msu-prob32.problem  
       </p></td>      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.8</p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=59 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image115.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1063"> </p></td>      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.05</p></td>
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.02</p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>9 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/12_Work_Power_Energy\/msu-prob27\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span    </tr>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Work, Power, Energy Concepts</span></span></span>  
       </p></td>    <tr> 
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/12_Work_Power_Energy/msu-prob27.problem  
       </p></td>      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>8</p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=68 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image118.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1064"> </p></td>      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob07\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
   </tr>  
   <tr>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Volume of a Balloon</span></span></span></span></p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>10 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/13_EnergyConservation\/msu-prob32\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>252</p></td>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Bead on a Wire</span></span></span>  
       </p></td>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>565</p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/13_EnergyConservation/msu-prob32.problem  
       </p></td>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>11</p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=63 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image121.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1065"> </p></td>      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.24</p></td>
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>243</p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>11 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/20_Rot2_E_Trq_Accel\/msu-prob23\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Atwood Machine</span></span></span>  
       </p></td>      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3.6</p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/20_Rot2_E_Trq_Accel/msu-prob23.problem  
       </p></td>      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.57</p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=63 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image124.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1066"> </p></td>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.9</p></td>
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.0</p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>12 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/21_Rot3_AngMom_Roll\/msu-prob38\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.06</p></td>
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Flinstone Bowling</span></span></span>  
       </p></td>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.03</p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/21_Rot3_AngMom_Roll/msu-prob38.problem  
       </p></td>    </tr>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=63 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image127.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1067"> </p></td>    <tr> 
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>9</p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>13 </p></td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/32_Fluids1_Pascal_Arch\/msu-prob12\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob12\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
   class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Boat on Pond</span></span></span>  
       </p></td>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Numerical Value of Fraction</span></span></span></span></p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/32_Fluids1_Pascal_Arch/msu-prob12.problem  
       </p></td>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=68 height=23  
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image130.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1068"> </p></td>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>268</p></td>
   </tr>  
   <tr>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>
     <td width=15 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>  
     <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'>É</p></td>      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.05</p></td>
     <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'>É</p></td>  
     <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'>É</p></td>      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
   </tr>  
 </table>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
 <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.5</b></span><span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt'>: Option response problems in course PHY183 SS02</span></p>      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.0</p></td>
 <p><b>Fig. 3.2.5</b><span style='font-weight:normal'> includes a table, which  
   shows the title of every option response problem in the first column. This title      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.04</p></td>
   has a link to the original html page of the problem.&nbsp; In the second column  
   the source address of the problem is shown. Third column of this table includes      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.2</p></td>
   a button to analyze the studentsÕ data on this particular option response problem.  
   When this button is clicked, all data about this problem is <i>restored</i></span>,      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3.4</p></td>
   for every student.&nbsp; Different versions of studentsÕ submissions are evaluated.  
   The results are presented in a graphical chart as well as a numerical table.      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.01</p></td>
   For example, if we select the analysis of&nbsp; <b>/res/msu/kashy/Testing/randomlabel/atwood3T2M.problem</b></p>  
 <p> <span style='position:      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.00</p></td>
 relative;z-index:0'><span style='position:absolute;left:-37px;top:-32px;  
 width:248px;height:174px'> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0> <tr> <td width=249 height=174 align=left valign=top bgcolor=white class="Normal"    </tr>
   style='border:.75pt solid black;vertical-align:top;background:white'><span  
   style='position:absolute;z-index:1'>    <tr> 
   <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">  
     <tr>      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>10</p></td>
       <td class="Normal"> <div v:shape="_x0000_s1026" style='padding:3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt'  
     class=shape>      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/03_Units_Scaling\/msu-prob17\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
           <p class=FirstParagraph><span lang=PT-BR  
     style='font-size:9.0pt'>A frictionless, massless pulley is attached to the    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Units</span></span></span></span></p></td>
             ceiling, in a gravity field g. Mass Ma is greater than mass Mb. The  
             tensions Tx,Ty, Tz, and the constant g are magnitudes. (For each,      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256</p></td>
             select: Greater than, Less than, Equal to, True, or False) </span></p>  
           <p class=FirstParagraph><span lang=PT-BR style='font-size:9.0pt'> <img width=96 height=114      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1116</p></td>
     src="Session%20Tw2_files/image132.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1069"> &nbsp; <img width=125 height=120  
     src="Session%20Tw2_files/image135.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1070"> </span></p>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>20</p></td>
         </div></td>  
     </tr>      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>4.36</p></td>
   </table>  
   &nbsp; </span></td></tr> </table> &nbsp;      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>246</p></td>
   <p></p>  
   <br clear=all>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
   <p align=right style='text-align:right'> <span style='position:  
 absolute;z-index:1;left:0px;margin-left:229px;margin-top:97px;width:235px;      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3.9</p></td>
 height:40px'> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0> <tr> <td width=236 height=40 align=left valign=top bgcolor=white class="Normal" style='border:  
   .75pt solid white;vertical-align:top;background:white'><span      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.78</p></td>
   style='position:absolute;left:0pt;z-index:3'>  
     <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>4.2</p></td>
       <tr>  
         <td class="Normal"> <div v:shape="_x0000_s1028" style='padding:3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt'      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.9</p></td>
     class=shape>  
             <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.7</b></span><span      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.18</p></td>
     style='font-size:9.0pt'>: Graphical chart of student tries for </span></p>  
             <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.03</p></td>
               &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Atwood Machine Problem  
               according </span></p>    </tr>
             <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
               to every concept in 1 interval time.</span></p>    <tr> 
           </div></td>  
       </tr>      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>11</p></td>
     </table>  
     &nbsp; </span></td></tr> </table> <img width=203 height=150      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/06_Vectors_Scalars\/msu-prob07\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image137.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1071">  
     <p></p>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Vector versus Scalar</span></span></span></span></p></td>
     <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.6</b></span><span  
 style='font-size:9.0pt'>: Atwood Machine option response problem in HW3<b> </b></span></p>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>254</p></td>
     <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>In addition, the data of studentsÕ tries  
       are shown in a table as you see in <b>Fig. 3.2.8</b></span><span      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>749</p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'>. In the last row of the table you can see the time interval  
       of this data and the overall correct and wrong answers separately. If an      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>11</p></td>
       instructor wants to see the studentsÕ tries in different time intervals,  
       he/she could set the number of intervals from 1 to 7 time intervals, and      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.95</p></td>
       then recompute the analysis. </span></p>  
     <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>251</p></td>
       <tr>  
         <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>#      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
             </b></p></td>  
         <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.2</p></td>
             </b></p></td>  
         <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.66</p></td>
             </b></p></td>  
         <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.2</p></td>
             </b></p></td>  
       </tr>      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.1</p></td>
       <tr>  
         <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.05</p></td>
         <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same  
             acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.05</p></td>
         <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1342 </p></td>  
         <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>433 </p></td>    </tr>
       </tr>  
       <tr>    <tr> 
         <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>  
         <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>12</p></td>
             is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling.  
           </p></td>      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/06_Vectors_Scalars\/msu-prob10\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
         <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>585 </p></td>  
         <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1190 </p></td>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Adding Vectors</span></span></span></span></p></td>
       </tr>  
       <tr>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>253</p></td>
         <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>  
         <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is equals      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1026</p></td>
             the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>  
         <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1263 </p></td>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>20</p></td>
         <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>512 </p></td>  
       </tr>      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>4.06</p></td>
       <tr>  
         <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>250</p></td>
         <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the two  
             masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0</p></td>
         <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1087 </p></td>  
         <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>688 </p></td>      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.2</p></td>
       </tr>  
       <tr>      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.76</p></td>
         <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>  
         <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3.6</p></td>
             upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>  
         <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>757 </p></td>      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1.8</p></td>
         <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1018 </p></td>  
       </tr>      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.14</p></td>
       <tr>  
         <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.00</p></td>
         <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates  
             downward </p></td>    </tr>
         <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1354 </p></td>  
         <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>421 </p></td>    <tr> 
       </tr>  
       <tr>      <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p>13</p></td>
         <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>  
         <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Thu Jan 24 00:46:22 2002] To:      <td width=72 class="Normal"> <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/02_Math_2_Trig\/msu-prob13\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
             [Mon Feb 4 23:59:59 2002]</b></p></td>  
         <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>6388</p></td>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Proximity</span></span></span></span></p></td>
         <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>4245</p></td>  
       </tr>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>249</p></td>
     </table>  
     <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.8</b></span><span      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>663</p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'>: Table of student tries for Atwood Machine Problem according  
       to every concept in one time interval.</span></p>      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>19</p></td>
     <p> <span  
 style='position:relative;z-index:2'><span style='position:      <td width=30 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.66</p></td>
 absolute;left:-109px;top:-166px;width:341px;height:24px'> <img width=341  
 height=24 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image138.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027"> <img width=203 height=150      <td width=31 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>239</p></td>
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image140.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1072"> <img width=203 height=150  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image142.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1073">      <td width=29 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>
       <p></p>  
       <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>      <td width=36 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>3.6</p></td>
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>#      <td width=32 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.64</p></td>
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept      <td width=26 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.3</p></td>
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct      <td width=33 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>2.8</p></td>
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong      <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>0.11</p></td>
               </b></p></td>  
         </tr>      <td width=37 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>-0.10</p></td>
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>    </tr>
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same  
               acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>  </table>
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>124 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>98 </p></td>  <p><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.2</b></span><span
         </tr>  
         <tr>  style='font-size:14.0pt'>: Statistics table includes general statistics of every 
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses    problem of the course</span></p>
               is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling.  
             </p></td>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Every part of <i>multi-part</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>44 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>178 </p></td>  line'> problems is distinguished as a separate problem. The <i>multi-instance</i></span><span
         </tr>  
         <tr>  style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'> problem is also considered separately, 
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is    because a particular problem or one part of it might be used in different maps. 
               equals the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>  
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>142 </p></td>    Finally, the array, which includes all computed information from all students, 
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>80 </p></td>  
         </tr>    sorted according to the problem order, underlying in homework sets order. Therefore, 
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>    in this step we can compute the following statistical information:</span></p>
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the  
               two masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>125 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>97 </p></td>  layout-grid-mode:line'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
         </tr>  
         <tr>    </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>#Stdnts</b></span><span
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates  style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Total 
               upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>  
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>64 </p></td>    number of students who take a look at the problem.(Let #Stdnts is equal to <i>n</i></span><span style='font-size:
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>158 </p></td>  
         </tr>  11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>)</span></p>
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates  
               downward </p></td>  layout-grid-mode:line'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>151 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>71 </p></td>    </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>Tries:</b></span><span
         </tr>  
         <tr>  style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
           <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>  
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Thu Jan 24 00:46:22 2002]    Total number of tries to solve the problem (</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> 
               To: [Wed Jan 30 00:23:10 2002]</b></p></td>  
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>650</p></td>    <img width=28 height=34
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>682</p></td>  
         </tr>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image057.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1043"> where <i><sub> 
       </table>  
       <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>    <img width=12 height=18
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>#  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image060.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1044"> </sub></i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>denote 
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept    a student try<span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>).</span></span></p>
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong  layout-grid-mode:line'>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
               </b></p></td>  
         </tr>    </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>Mod: 
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>    </b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same  
               acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>    Mode, </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Maximum Number of Tries for solving 
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1218 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>335 </p></td>    the problem.</span></p>
         </tr>  
         <tr>  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses  layout-grid-mode:line'>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
               is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling.  
             </p></td>    </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Mean:</b></span><span
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>541 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1012 </p></td>  style='font-size:11.0pt'> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Average Number 
         </tr>  
         <tr>    of the Tries. </span></p>
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <img width=11 height=13
               equals the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>  
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1121 </p></td>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image063.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1045"> = <img width=38 height=34
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>432 </p></td>  
         </tr>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image066.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1046"> </span></p>
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>  <p> 5.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span> 
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the  
               two masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>    <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>#YES:</b></span><span
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>962 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>591 </p></td>  style='font-size:11.0pt'> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Number of students 
         </tr>  
         <tr>    solved the problem correctly.</span></p>
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>6.<span
               upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>  
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>693 </p></td>  style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>860 </p></td>  
         </tr>  style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>#yes:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>    Number of students solved the problem by override. </span></p>
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates  
               downward </p></td>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Sometimes, a student gets a correct answer after 
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1203 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>350 </p></td>    talking with the instructor. This type of correct answer is called Òcorrected 
         </tr>  
         <tr>    by override.</span></p>
           <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>  
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Wed Jan 30 00:23:11 2002]  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>7.<span
               To: [Mon Feb 4 23:59:59 2002]</b></p></td>  
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>5738</p></td>  style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>3563</p></td>  
         </tr>  style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>%Wrng:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> &nbsp;&nbsp; 
       </table>  
       <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.9</b></span><span    Percentage of students tried to solve the problem but still incorrect. </span></p>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'>: Table of student tries for Atwood Machine Problem according  
         to every concept in 2 times interval.</span></p>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <img width=137 height=31
       <p>In <b>Fig. 3.2.9</b><span style='font-weight:normal'>, number of studentsÕ  
         tries tables and the graphical chart are shown in 2 different time intervals.  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image069.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1047"> </span></p>
         An instructor would be able to check whether the students have more wrong  
         answers during the first days of opening the homework set, and how many  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>8.<span
         students have tried during the first or the second interval. Since the  
         problems are individualized he/she might be able to see how many students  style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span
         have tried to solve the problem after communicating with each other and  
         understanding the concept.&nbsp; In Fig. 3.2. 10 the charts and tables  style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>S.D.:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
         of studentsÕ tries are shown in 3 time intervals. So if the homework should  
         be done in one week, an instructor would be able to observe the distribution    <i>Standard Deviation</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> of the studentsÕ 
         of studentsÕ tries every day separately after choosing the 7 time intervals.</span></p>  
       <p> <img width=151 height=150    tries. </span></p>
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image144.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1074"> <img width=151 height=150  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image146.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1075"> <img width=149 height=150  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <img width=98 height=40
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image148.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1076"> </p>  
       <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image072.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1048"> </span></p>
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>#  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>9.<span
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept  style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct  style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Skew.:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong    <i>Skewness</i></span><span
               </b></p></td>  
         </tr>  style='font-size:11.0pt'> of the studentsÕ tries. </span></p>
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <img width=194 height=76
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same  
               acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image075.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1049"> </span></p>
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>31 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>30 </p></td>  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>10.<span
         </tr>  
         <tr>  style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp; </span></span> <span
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses  style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>DoDiff:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> 
               is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling.  
             </p></td>    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>Degree of Difficulty</i></span><span
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>8 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>53 </p></td>  style='font-size:11.0pt'> of the problem. </span></p>
         </tr>  
         <tr>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <img width=100 height=38
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image078.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1050"> </span></p>
               equals the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>  
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>44 </p></td>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>As you see Degree of Difficulty is always between 
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>17 </p></td>  
         </tr>    0 and 1. This is a good factor for an instructor to determine whether a problem 
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>    is difficult, and what is the degree of this difficulty. Thus, DoDiff of each 
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the  
               two masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>    problem is saved in its meta data.</span></p>
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>32 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>29 </p></td>  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>11.<span
         </tr>  
         <tr>  style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp; </span></span> <span
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates  style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Dis.F.:</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
               upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>  
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>20 </p></td>    <i>Discrimination Factor</i></span><a href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2"
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>41 </p></td>  
         </tr>  title=""><span class=MsoFootnoteReference><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> [2] 
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>    </span></span></a><span
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates  
               downward </p></td>  style='font-size:11.0pt'> is an standard for evaluating how much a problem discriminates 
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>42 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>19 </p></td>    between the upper and the lower students.&nbsp; First, all of the students are 
         </tr>  
         <tr>    sorted according to a criterion. Then, %27 of upper students and %27 lower students 
           <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>  
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Thu Jan 24 00:46:22 2002]    are selected from the sorted students applying the mentioned criterion. Finally 
               To: [Mon Jan 28 00:30:53 2002]</b></p></td>  
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>177</p></td>    we obtain the Discrimination Factor from the following difference:</span></p>
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>189</p></td>  
         </tr>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><i>Applied a criterion in %27 upper students 
       </table>  
       <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>    - Applied the same Criterion in %27 lower students.</i></span></p>
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>#  <p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 align=left style='text-align:left;line-height:normal'>Discrimination 
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept    Factor is a number in interval [-1,1]. If this number is close to 1, it shows 
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct    that only upper students have solved this problem. If it is close to 0 it shows 
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong    that the upper students and the lowers are approximately the same in solving 
               </b></p></td>  
         </tr>    the problem. If this number is negative, it shows that the lower students have 
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>    more successes in solving the problem, and thus this problem is very poor in 
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same  
               acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>    discriminating the upper and lower students.</p>
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>692 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>257 </p></td>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>In lonstatistics.pm we compute the Discrimination 
         </tr>  
         <tr>    Factor from two criteria:</span></p>
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><i>1st Criterion </i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>for 
               is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling.  
             </p></td>    Sorting the Students: <img width=138 height=41
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>321 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>628 </p></td>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image081.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1051"> </span></p>
         </tr>  
         <tr>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><i>2nd Criterion</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> 
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is    for Sorting the Students: <img width=87 height=41
               equals the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>  
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>690 </p></td>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image084.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1052"> </span></p>
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>259 </p></td>  
         </tr>  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>  font-family:Symbol;layout-grid-mode:line'>á<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the  
               two masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>    </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>Change 
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>590 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>359 </p></td>    the stats table sorting </b></span></p>
         </tr>  
         <tr>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>As you see in Fig. 3.2. 
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates    2, all headers in the stats table are buttons that change the order of the table. 
               upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>  
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>399 </p></td>    Users can change increasingly or decreasingly every column of the table. First 
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>550 </p></td>  
         </tr>    the user select the Ò<i>ascending</i></span><span
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>  style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Ó or Ò<i>descending</i></span><span
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates  
               downward </p></td>  style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Ó option, then he/she can change 
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>703 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>246 </p></td>    the order of the table with clicking the header of his/her interested header. 
         </tr>  
         <tr>    If the user changes the order the table, all information is shown in one table, 
           <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>  
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Mon Jan 28 00:30:54 2002]    each row corresponds to a particular problem. If the user selects the first 
               To: [Fri Feb 1 00:15:25 2002]</b></p></td>  
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>3395</p></td>    column, Òhomework set orderÓ, the information is shown in different tables, 
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>2281</p></td>  
         </tr>    each table corresponds to a particular homework set.&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
       </table>  
       <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>  <p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>#  font-family:Symbol;layout-grid-mode:line'>á<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept    </span></span> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'><b>Graphical 
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct    chart </b></span></p>
               </b></p></td>  
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Two important features 
               </b></p></td>  
         </tr>    in this page might be seen through the graphical charts. That is, a user could 
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>    see the content of Ò%wrongÓ column and Òdegree of difficulty of problemsÓ in 
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same  
               acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>    the graphical chart as is shown in Fig. 3.2. 3 and 4 for homework set 1 in course 
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>619 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>147 </p></td>    PHY183 SS02. These graphical charts are produced dynamically by calling a CGI 
         </tr>  
         <tr>    scripts, (graph.gif) which is located in /home/httpd/cgi-bin/</span></p>
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses  <p> <img width=231 height=173
               is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling.  
             </p></td>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image086.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1053"> <span
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>510 </p></td>  style='layout-grid-mode:line'> <img width=230 height=170
         </tr>  
         <tr>  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image088.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1054"> </span></p>
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is  <p><b>Fig. 3.2. 3</b><span
               equals the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>  
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>529 </p></td>  style='font-weight:normal'>: Degree of difficulty graph &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>237 </p></td>  
         </tr>    </span><b>Fig. 3.2. 4</b><span style='font-weight:normal'>: %Wrong graph</span></p>
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>  <h4 style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the  
               two masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>  layout-grid-mode:line'> &nbsp; </span></h4>
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>465 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>301 </p></td>  <h3><a name="_Toc421867141"><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Problem Analysis</span></a></h3>
         </tr>  
         <tr>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Conceptual option response problems, in which 
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>  
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates    the students are given several concepts that are randomly assigned to each student, 
               upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>  
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>338 </p></td>    are more difficult than numerical simple problems.&nbsp; Instructors usually 
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>428 </p></td>  
         </tr>    want to see the studentsÕ tries according to every particular concept separately. 
         <tr>  
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>    ÒProblem AnalysisÓ button provides all response option problems in one table 
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates  
               downward </p></td>    as follows in the <b>Fig. 3.2.5.</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></p>
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>609 </p></td>  
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>157 </p></td>  <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 4.0pt'> 
         </tr>  
         <tr>    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Total number 
           <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>  
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Fri Feb 1 00:15:26 2002] To:      of students: 263</span></p>
               [Mon Feb 4 23:59:59 2002]</b></p></td>  
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>2816</p></td>    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'><b>Select number of intervals</b><span style='font-weight:normal'> 
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>1775</p></td>  
         </tr>      <img width=53 height=18
       </table>  
       <p><b>Fig. 3.2. 10</b><span style='font-weight:normal'>: Table of student  src="Session%20Tw2_files/image091.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1055"> </span></p>
         tries for Atwood Machine Problem according to every concept in 3 times  
         interval.</span></p>    <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'><b>Option Response Problems</b><span
       <h3><a name="_Toc421867142">Student Assessment</a></h3>  
       <p class=MsoBodyText2><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>This option provides  style='font-weight:normal'> </span><b>in course PHY183 SS02:</b></p>
         some reports about the current educational situation of every student  
         as you see in <b>Fig. 3.2.11</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>.&nbsp;  </div>
         A ÔYÕ show that the student has solved the problem and ÔNÕ shows his/her  
         failure.&nbsp; A Ô-Ô denotes a unattempted problem. The numbers in the  <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
         right column show the total number of tries of the student in solving  
         the corresponding problems.</span></p>    <tr> 
       <form>  
         <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 4.0pt'>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b># 
           <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>Total number of students : 263<br>  
             <br>          </b></p></td>
             <img width=68 height=23  
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image151.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1077"> <br>      <td width=83 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Problem 
             <b>Select &nbsp; Map &nbsp; &nbsp; </b><span style='font-weight:normal'>  
             <img width=215 height=18          Title </b></p></td>
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image154.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1078"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>  
             </span><b>Select Section</b><span style='font-weight:normal'> <img width=89 height=18      <td width=298 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Resource 
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image157.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1079"> <br>  
             </span><b>Select Student</b><span style='font-weight:normal'> <img width=89 height=18          </b></p></td>
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image160.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1080"> <br>  
             <br>      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Address 
             </span></p>  
           <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'> <img width=93 height=23          </b></p></td>
 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image163.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1081"> </p>  
         </div>    </tr>
         <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>  
           <tr>    <tr> 
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><b>#  
                 </b></p></td>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>1 </p></td>
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><b>Set  
                 Title </b></p></td>      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/01_Math_1\/msu-prob10\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><b>Results  
                 </b></p></td>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Numbers</span></span></span> </p></td>
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><b>Tries  
                 </b></p></td>      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/01_Math_1/msu-prob10.problem 
           </tr>  
           <tr>        </p></td>
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>1 </p></td>  
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/phy183.sequence      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=72 height=23
               </p></td>  
             <td width=122 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image094.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1056"> </p></td>
             <td width=153 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>  
           </tr>    </tr>
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>2 </p></td>    <tr> 
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap1/calckap1.sequence  
               </p></td>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>2 </p></td>
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYYYY  
                 </span></p></td>      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/03_Units_Scaling\/msu-prob22\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>1,1,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,7,9,3,2</p></td>  
           </tr>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Speed</span></span></span> </p></td>
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>3 </p></td>      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/03_Units_Scaling/msu-prob22.problem 
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap2/calckap2.sequence  
               </p></td>        </p></td>
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYNYYYYNNYYYYYYYY  
                 </span></p></td>      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=72 height=23
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>10,1,0,1,1,2,1,4,5,1,1,1,3,2,1,1,1</p></td>  
           </tr>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image097.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1057"> </p></td>
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>4 </p></td>    </tr>
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap3/calckap3.sequence  
               </p></td>    <tr> 
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYNYYYYYYYYYY  
                 </span></p></td>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>3 </p></td>
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>4,3,5,1,1,8,2,3,20,1,1,1,1,1,2,3,2,2,3</p></td>  
           </tr>      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/03_Units_Scaling\/msu-prob17\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>5 </p></td>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Units</span></span></span> </p></td>
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap4/calckap4.sequence  
               </p></td>      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/03_Units_Scaling/msu-prob17.problem 
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>NYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY  
                 </span></p></td>        </p></td>
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>20,1,1,1,3,3,2,3,4,2,3,2,1,1,2,5</p></td>  
           </tr>      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=72 height=23
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>6 </p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image100.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1058"> </p></td>
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap5/calckap5.sequence  
               </p></td>    </tr>
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYY-YY  
                 </span></p></td>    <tr> 
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>5,2,1,9,12,1,3,12,1,2,1,,1,3</p></td>  
           </tr>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>4 </p></td>
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>7 </p></td>      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/06_Vectors_Scalars\/msu-prob07\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap6/calckap6.sequence  
               </p></td>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Vector versus Scalar</span></span></span> 
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYYYYY  
                 </span></p></td>        </p></td>
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>3,2,4,2,1,1,2,1,1,9,2,3,2,2</p></td>  
           </tr>      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/06_Vectors_Scalars/msu-prob07.problem 
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>8 </p></td>        </p></td>
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap7/calckap7.sequence  
               </p></td>      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=72 height=23
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY  
                 </span></p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image103.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1059"> </p></td>
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>4,1,3,1,10,4,1,1,2,1,1,2,1,2,1,3,1,3</p></td>  
           </tr>    </tr>
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>9 </p></td>    <tr> 
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap8/calckap8.sequence  
               </p></td>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>5 </p></td>
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYYYYYY  
                 </span></p></td>      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/06_Vectors_Scalars\/msu-prob10\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>4,3,1,2,3,3,4,3,3,1,1,4,1,1,7</p></td>  
           </tr>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Adding Vectors</span></span></span> 
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>10 </p></td>        </p></td>
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap9/calckap9.sequence  
               </p></td>      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/06_Vectors_Scalars/msu-prob10.problem 
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYN-NYYNY  
                 </span></p></td>        </p></td>
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>1,1,1,2,1,,2,2,1,6,4</p></td>  
           </tr>      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=72 height=23
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>11 </p></td>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image106.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1060"> </p></td>
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap10/calckap10.sequence  
               </p></td>    </tr>
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYYY  
                 </span></p></td>    <tr> 
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</p></td>  
           </tr>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>6 </p></td>
           <tr>  
             <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>12 </p></td>      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/05_1D_Motion\/msu-prob16\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
             <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap11/calckap11.sequence  
               </p></td>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Traveling Car</span></span></span> 
             <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>-----------------  
               </p></td>        </p></td>
             <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0</p></td>  
           </tr>      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/05_1D_Motion/msu-prob16.problem 
         </table>  
         <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'><b>Fig. 3.2. 5</b></span><span        </p></td>
 style='layout-grid-mode:line'>: A sample of a student homework results and tries</span></p>  
         <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>We plan to present      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=59 height=23
           several other reports in this page as well. Some student classification  
           reports also would be depicted here.</span></p>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image109.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1061"> </p></td>
         <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>In Òproblem statsÓ  
           and Òstudent assessmentÓ pages, an instructor can limit the range of    </tr>
           his/her information to a particular section or a particular homework  
           set.&nbsp; So, an instructor would be able to load the statistics table    <tr> 
           or student tries in Òstudent assessmentÓ table to a particular map or  
           section. </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>After changing the map      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>7 </p></td>
           or section, he/she would be able to see the results via the recalculating  
           the computation on that page. </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/kashy\/Testing\/randomlabel\/atwood3T2M\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
 font-family:Arial;layout-grid-mode:line'></span></p>  
         <h3><a name="_Toc421867143"><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Future    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Atwood Machine</span></span></span> 
           work, using activity.log to classify the students</span></a></h3>  
         <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>The problem is whether we can find the        </p></td>
           good features for <i>classifying</i></span><span style='font-size:  
 11.0pt'> students? If so, we would be able to identify a <i>predictor</i></span><span      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/kashy/Testing/randomlabel/atwood3T2M.problem 
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> for any individual student after doing a couple of homework  
           sets. With this information, we would be able to <i>help</i></span><span        </p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> a student use the resources better.&nbsp; <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>As  
           the first step of data mining stuff w</span>e want to make an initial      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=63 height=23
           effort to classify the students. </span></p>  
         <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Preprocessing and finding the useful    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image112.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1062"> </p></td>
           student data and segmenting may be a difficult task. Internally, one  
           part of this data is stored in a student directory:</span></p>    </tr>
         <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>&nbsp;</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/</span><span  
 style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>home/httpd/lonUsers/<i>domain</i></span><span    <tr> 
 style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/<i>1st.char</i></span><span  
 style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/<i>2nd.char</i></span><span      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>8 </p></td>
 style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/<i>3rd.char</i></span><span  
 style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/<i>username</i></span><span      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/10_Motion_W_Friction\/msu-prob32\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
 style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/</span></p>  
         <p class=MsoHeader><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>For example: /home/httpd/lonUsers/msu/m/i/n/minaeibi/</span></p>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Sliding mass concepts</span></span></span> 
         <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Since spring semester  
           2002, LON-CAPA has logged every activity of every student who has used</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>        </p></td>
           online educational resources and their recorded paths through the web.  
           So another part of data is stored in Òactivity.logÓ which is located      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/10_Motion_W_Friction/msu-prob32.problem 
           in course directory.</span></p>  
         <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>The student data restored from .db files        </p></td>
           in student directory and is fetched into a hash table. The special hash  
           keys Ò<i>keysÓ</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>, Ò<i>versionÓ</i></span><span      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=59 height=23
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> and Ò<i>timestampÓ</i></span><span style='font-size:  
 11.0pt'> were evaluated from the hash. The <i>version</i></span><span    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image115.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1063"> </p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> will be equal to the total number of versions of the  
           data that have been stored. The <i>timestamp</i></span><span style='font-size:    </tr>
 11.0pt'> attribute is the UNIX time the data was stored. <i>keys</i></span><span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> is available in every historical section to list which    <tr> 
           keys were added or changed at a specific historical revision of a hash.  
           We extract the features from a structured homework data, which is stored      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>9 </p></td>
           as particular URLÕs. For example the result of solving homeworkÕs problem  
           by students could be extracted from </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/12_Work_Power_Energy\/msu-prob27\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
 font-family:"Courier New"'><i>resource.partid.solved</i></span><span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>, </span><span    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Work, Power, Energy Concepts</span></span></span> 
 style='font-size:11.0pt'>the total number of the students for solving the problem  
           could be extracted from </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:        </p></td>
 "Courier New"'><i>resource.partid.tries</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;  
 font-family:"Courier New"'>,</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> and so forth.</span></p>      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/12_Work_Power_Energy/msu-prob27.problem 
         <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>All data stored in activity.log includes  
           <i>user name</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>, <i>time</i></span><span        </p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> and <i>resource URL</i></span><span style='font-size:  
 11.0pt'>. We can divide these data into six types of URLs, listed below, according      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=68 height=23
           to their importance for data mining: </span></p>  
         <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>1. <b><u>problems:</u></b></span><span    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image118.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1064"> </p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> are the most useful data. i.e.<b><u> </u></b></span><span  
 style='font-size:7.0pt'><b><u>msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___33___msu/mmp/kap14/problems/cd418a.problem</u></b></span>    </tr>
           <br>  
           <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>2. <b>html pages</b></span><span    <tr> 
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> to those are some links in the problems. i.e. </span><span  
 style='font-size:7.0pt'><b>msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___5___msu/mmp/kap14/cd396.htm</b></span>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>10 </p></td>
           <br>  
           <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>3. <i>the images</i></span><span      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/13_EnergyConservation\/msu-prob32\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
 style='font-size:11.0pt'>, which are loaded in above html pages. i.e. <i>/res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/backsoun.gif</i></span><span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> .</span></p>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Bead on a Wire</span></span></span> 
         <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>4. <u>loncapa  
           routines</u>: i.e. <u>/adm/navmaps,</u>&nbsp; or&nbsp; <u>/adm/roles,</u>        </p></td>
           or&nbsp; <u>/adm/logout</u>.<br>  
           5. <i><u>Posted data</u></i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> by      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/13_EnergyConservation/msu-prob32.problem 
           students: i.e. <i><u>resource.0.11.submission=27.11</u></i></span><span style='font-size:  
 11.0pt'> <br>        </p></td>
           6. remote control gif files: i.e.: /res/adm/pages/v.gif </span></p>  
         <p>So, activity.log usually grows fast, when students have more access      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=63 height=23
           to the educational resources. We have brought a sample of different  
           types of data which are logged in activity.log after a preprocessing    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image121.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1065"> </p></td>
           phase as follows:&nbsp; </p>  
         <p><u>144) 1010955846: studentX --&gt; /adm/navmaps</u> <br>    </tr>
           <i>145) 1010955205: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/beta_eqn.gif</i><span  
 style='font-style:normal'> <br>    <tr> 
           <u>146) 1010955685: studentX --&gt; /adm/navmaps</u> <br>  
           <u>147) 1010955988: studentX --&gt; /adm/navmaps</u> <br>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>11 </p></td>
           </span><span style='font-size:8.0pt'><b>148) 1010955998: studentX --&gt;  
           msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___5___msu/mmp/kap14/cd396.htm</b></span>      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/20_Rot2_E_Trq_Accel\/msu-prob23\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
           <br>  
           <i>149) 1010955999: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/velocity_eqn3.gif</i>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Atwood Machine</span></span></span> 
           <br>  
           <i>150) 1010956000: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/time_eqn.gif</i><span style='font-style:normal'>        </p></td>
           <br>  
           151) 1010954609: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/grds.gif <br>      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/20_Rot2_E_Trq_Accel/msu-prob23.problem 
           </span><i>152) 1010954611: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/wordproc.gif</i><span  
 style='font-style:normal'> <br>        </p></td>
           153) 1010954626: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/i.gif <br>  
           </span><span style='font-size:8.0pt'><b>154) 1010955717: studentX --&gt;      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=63 height=23
           msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___1___msu/mmp/kap14/cd392.htm</b></span>  
           <br>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image124.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1066"> </p></td>
           <i>155) 1010955717: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/backsoun.gif</i>  
           <br>    </tr>
           <span style='font-size:8.0pt'><b>156) 1010955920: studentX --&gt; msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___3___msu/mmp/kap14/cd394.htm</b></span>  
           <br>    <tr> 
           <i>157) 1010955921: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/gifs/demo.gif</i><span  
 style='font-style:normal'> <br>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>12 </p></td>
           158) 1010956113: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/v.gif <br>  
           159) 1010954629: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/eval.gif <br>      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/21_Rot3_AngMom_Roll\/msu-prob38\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
           160) 1010954631: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/back.gif <br>  
           161) 1010954632: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/b.gif <br>    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Flinstone Bowling</span></span></span> 
           162) 1010954633: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/r.gif <br>  
           </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b>163) 1010955754:</b></span><b>        </p></td>
           studentX --&gt; msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___2___msu/mmp/kap14/cd393.htm</b><span  
 style='font-weight:normal'> <br>      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/21_Rot3_AngMom_Roll/msu-prob38.problem 
           <i>164) 1010955756: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/asound.jpg</i></span>  
           <br>        </p></td>
           <i>165) 1010955762: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/sensor.jpg</i>  
           <br>      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=63 height=23
           <i>166) 1010955999: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/gifs2/example.gif</i><span  
 style='font-style:normal'> <br>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image127.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1067"> </p></td>
           173) 1010955687: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/u.gif <br>  
           174) 1010955688: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/s.gif <br>    </tr>
           175) 1010955688: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/e.gif <br>  
           </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b>176) 1010956528:</b></span><b>    <tr> 
           studentX</b><span  
 style='font-size:9.0pt'><b> --&gt; msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___33___msu/mmp/kap14/problems/cd418a.problem</b></span>      <td width=15 class="Normal"> <p>13 </p></td>
           <br>  
           <i><u>177) Sent data</u></i> <br>      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p><span style='"HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/deepthought\.lite\.msu\.edu\/res\/msu\/physicslib\/msuphysicslib\/32_Fluids1_Pascal_Arch\/msu-prob12\.problem\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022"'><span
           <span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b><u>178) 1010956536: </u></b></span><b><u>studentX</u></b><span  
 style='font-size:9.0pt'><u><b> --&gt;</b></u></span><b><u> </u></b><span    class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:blue'>Boat on Pond</span></span></span> 
 style='font-size:9.0pt'><u><b>msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___33___msu/mmp/kap14/problems/cd418a.problem</b></u></span>  
           <br>        </p></td>
           <i><u>179) Sent data HWVAL11=27.11</u></i> <br>  
           <span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b><u>180) 1010956536:</u></b></span><b><u>      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>/res/msu/physicslib/msuphysicslib/32_Fluids1_Pascal_Arch/msu-prob12.problem 
           studentX</u></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><u><b> --&gt;</b></u></span><b><u>  
           </u></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><u><b>msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___33___msu/mmp/kap14/problems/cd418a.problem</b></u></span>        </p></td>
           <br>  
           <i><u>181) Sent data resource.0.11.submission=27.11</u></i> <br>      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p> <img width=68 height=23
           <span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b><u>182) 1010956702: studentX --&gt;  
           msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___33___msu/mmp/kap14/problems/cd418a.problem</u></b></span>    src="Session%20Tw2_files/image130.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1068"> </p></td>
           <br>  
           <span style='font-size:11.0pt'><i><u>183) Sent data</u></i></span><span    </tr>
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> <br>  
           <i>184) 1010955921: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/areal.gif</i></span><span    <tr> 
 style='font-size:11.0pt'> <br>  
           185) 1010955731: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/n.gif <br>      <td width=15 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>
           <br>  
           </span></p>      <td width=83 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'>É</p></td>
         <p class=H5> <span  
 style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Symbol;font-weight:normal'>á<span      <td width=298 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'>É</p></td>
 style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>  
           <span      <td width=77 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'>É</p></td>
 style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Feature Extraction</span></p>  
         <p class=MsoBodyText2>From these two types of student data which are stored    </tr>
           by the LON-CAPA system, the features may be considered for classifying  
           the students, are as follows: </p>  </table>
         <p> 1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
           </span> Total number of correct answers. </p>  <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.5</b></span><span
         <p> 2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
           </span> Total number of tries for doing homework. </p>  style='font-size:11.0pt'>: Option response problems in course PHY183 SS02</span></p>
         <p> 3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
           </span> Time at which the student got the problem correct. Usually better  <p><b>Fig. 3.2.5</b><span style='font-weight:normal'> includes a table, which 
           students get the homework completed earlier.</p>  
         <p> 4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;    shows the title of every option response problem in the first column. This title 
           </span> Reading the material before attempting homework vs. attempting  
           first and then read up on it.</p>    has a link to the original html page of the problem.&nbsp; In the second column 
         <p> 5.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
           </span> Submitting a lot of attempts in a short amount of time without    the source address of the problem is shown. Third column of this table includes 
           looking up material in between, vs. those giving it one try, reading  
           up, submitting another one, etc.</p>    a button to analyze the studentsÕ data on this particular option response problem. 
         <p> 6.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
           </span> Getting the problem right on the first try, vs. those with high    When this button is clicked, all data about this problem is <i>restored</i></span>, 
           number of tries.</p>  
         <p> 7.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;    for every student.&nbsp; Different versions of studentsÕ submissions are evaluated. 
           </span> Giving up on a problem versus students continuing trying up  
           to the deadline.</p>    The results are presented in a graphical chart as well as a numerical table. 
         <p> 8.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
           </span> Participating in the communication mechanisms, vs. those working    For example, if we select the analysis of&nbsp; <b>/res/msu/kashy/Testing/randomlabel/atwood3T2M.problem</b></p>
           alone.</p>  
         <p><br>  <p> <span style='position:
           It might be interesting to group students with time of the first log  
           on (beginning of assignment, middle of the week, last minute) and correlate  relative;z-index:0'><span style='position:absolute;left:-37px;top:-32px;
           this with the number of tries or number of solved problems. A student  
           who gets all correct answers will not necessarily be in the successful  width:248px;height:174px'> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0> <tr> <td width=249 height=174 align=left valign=top bgcolor=white class="Normal"
           group if they took an average of 5 tries per problem, but it should  
           be verified from this research. </p>    style='border:.75pt solid black;vertical-align:top;background:white'><span
         <p>We hope to find similar patterns of use in the data gathered from LON-CAPA,  
           and eventually be able to make predictions as to the most-beneficial    style='position:absolute;z-index:1'> 
           course of studies for each learner based on a limited number of variables  
           for each individual student. Based on the current state of the learner    <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
           in a learning sequence, the system could then make suggestions to the  
           learner as to how to proceed. </p>      <tr> 
       </form>  
       <br        <td class="Normal"> <div v:shape="_x0000_s1026" style='padding:3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt'
 clear=ALL style='page-break-before:always;'>  
       <div class=Section2> </div></div>      class=shape> 
       <br clear=all>  
       <hr align=left size=1 width="33%">            <p class=FirstParagraph><span lang=PT-BR
       <div id=ftn1>  
         <p class=MsoFootnoteText><a href="#_ftnref1"      style='font-size:9.0pt'>A frictionless, massless pulley is attached to the 
 name="_ftn1" title=""><span class=MsoFootnoteReference> [1] </span></a> If instructor  
           is going to port the statistics table data to Excel, he/she can select              ceiling, in a gravity field g. Mass Ma is greater than mass Mb. The 
           the checkbox ÒOutput CSV formatÓ at top of the statistics table.</p>  
       </div>              tensions Tx,Ty, Tz, and the constant g are magnitudes. (For each, 
       <div id=ftn2>  
         <p class=MsoFootnoteText><a href="#_ftnref2"              select: Greater than, Less than, Equal to, True, or False) </span></p>
 name="_ftn2" title=""><span class=MsoFootnoteReference> [2] </span></a>&nbsp;  
           This name has been got from administration office of Michigan State            <p class=FirstParagraph><span lang=PT-BR style='font-size:9.0pt'> <img width=96 height=114
           University for evaluating the examsÕ problem. Here we expanded this  
           expression to homework problems as well.</p>      src="Session%20Tw2_files/image132.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1069"> &nbsp; <img width=125 height=120
       </div></span></span></span></span></span>  
            src="Session%20Tw2_files/image135.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1070"> </span></p>
 </body>  
 </html>          </div></td>
   
       </tr>
   
     </table>
   
     &nbsp; </span></td></tr> </table> &nbsp; 
   
     <p></p>
   
     <br clear=all>
   
     <p align=right style='text-align:right'> <span style='position:
   
   absolute;z-index:1;left:0px;margin-left:229px;margin-top:97px;width:235px;
   
   height:40px'> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0> <tr> <td width=236 height=40 align=left valign=top bgcolor=white class="Normal" style='border:
   
     .75pt solid white;vertical-align:top;background:white'><span
   
     style='position:absolute;left:0pt;z-index:3'> 
   
       <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
   
         <tr> 
   
           <td class="Normal"> <div v:shape="_x0000_s1028" style='padding:3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt'
   
       class=shape> 
   
               <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.7</b></span><span
   
       style='font-size:9.0pt'>: Graphical chart of student tries for </span></p>
   
               <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   
                 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Atwood Machine Problem 
   
                 according </span></p>
   
               <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   
                 to every concept in 1 interval time.</span></p>
   
             </div></td>
   
         </tr>
   
       </table>
   
       &nbsp; </span></td></tr> </table> <img width=203 height=150
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image137.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1071"> 
   
       <p></p>
   
       <p><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.6</b></span><span
   
   style='font-size:9.0pt'>: Atwood Machine option response problem in HW3<b> </b></span></p>
   
       <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>In addition, the data of studentsÕ tries 
   
         are shown in a table as you see in <b>Fig. 3.2.8</b></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'>. In the last row of the table you can see the time interval 
   
         of this data and the overall correct and wrong answers separately. If an 
   
         instructor wants to see the studentsÕ tries in different time intervals, 
   
         he/she could set the number of intervals from 1 to 7 time intervals, and 
   
         then recompute the analysis. </span></p>
   
       <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
   
         <tr> 
   
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b># 
   
               </b></p></td>
   
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept 
   
               </b></p></td>
   
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct 
   
               </b></p></td>
   
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong 
   
               </b></p></td>
   
         </tr>
   
         <tr> 
   
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>
   
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same 
   
               acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>
   
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1342 </p></td>
   
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>433 </p></td>
   
         </tr>
   
         <tr> 
   
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>
   
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses 
   
               is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling. 
   
             </p></td>
   
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>585 </p></td>
   
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1190 </p></td>
   
         </tr>
   
         <tr> 
   
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>
   
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is equals 
   
               the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>
   
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1263 </p></td>
   
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>512 </p></td>
   
         </tr>
   
         <tr> 
   
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>
   
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the two 
   
               masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>
   
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1087 </p></td>
   
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>688 </p></td>
   
         </tr>
   
         <tr> 
   
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>
   
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates 
   
               upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>
   
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>757 </p></td>
   
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1018 </p></td>
   
         </tr>
   
         <tr> 
   
           <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>
   
           <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates 
   
               downward </p></td>
   
           <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1354 </p></td>
   
           <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>421 </p></td>
   
         </tr>
   
         <tr> 
   
           <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>
   
           <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Thu Jan 24 00:46:22 2002] To: 
   
               [Mon Feb 4 23:59:59 2002]</b></p></td>
   
           <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>6388</p></td>
   
           <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>4245</p></td>
   
         </tr>
   
       </table>
   
       <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.8</b></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'>: Table of student tries for Atwood Machine Problem according 
   
         to every concept in one time interval.</span></p>
   
       <p> <span
   
   style='position:relative;z-index:2'><span style='position:
   
   absolute;left:-109px;top:-166px;width:341px;height:24px'> <img width=341
   
   height=24 src="Session%20Tw2_files/image138.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027"> <img width=203 height=150
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image140.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1072"> <img width=203 height=150
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image142.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1073"> 
   
         <p></p>
   
         <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b># 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same 
   
                 acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>124 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>98 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses 
   
                 is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling. 
   
               </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>44 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>178 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is 
   
                 equals the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>142 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>80 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the 
   
                 two masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>125 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>97 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates 
   
                 upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>64 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>158 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates 
   
                 downward </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>151 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>71 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>
   
             <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Thu Jan 24 00:46:22 2002] 
   
                 To: [Wed Jan 30 00:23:10 2002]</b></p></td>
   
             <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>650</p></td>
   
             <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>682</p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
         </table>
   
         <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b># 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same 
   
                 acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1218 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>335 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses 
   
                 is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling. 
   
               </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>541 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1012 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is 
   
                 equals the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1121 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>432 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the 
   
                 two masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>962 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>591 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates 
   
                 upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>693 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>860 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates 
   
                 downward </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>1203 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>350 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>
   
             <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Wed Jan 30 00:23:11 2002] 
   
                 To: [Mon Feb 4 23:59:59 2002]</b></p></td>
   
             <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>5738</p></td>
   
             <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>3563</p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
         </table>
   
         <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><b>Fig. 3.2.9</b></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'>: Table of student tries for Atwood Machine Problem according 
   
           to every concept in 2 times interval.</span></p>
   
         <p>In <b>Fig. 3.2.9</b><span style='font-weight:normal'>, number of studentsÕ 
   
           tries tables and the graphical chart are shown in 2 different time intervals. 
   
           An instructor would be able to check whether the students have more wrong 
   
           answers during the first days of opening the homework set, and how many 
   
           students have tried during the first or the second interval. Since the 
   
           problems are individualized he/she might be able to see how many students 
   
           have tried to solve the problem after communicating with each other and 
   
           understanding the concept.&nbsp; In Fig. 3.2. 10 the charts and tables 
   
           of studentsÕ tries are shown in 3 time intervals. So if the homework should 
   
           be done in one week, an instructor would be able to observe the distribution 
   
           of studentsÕ tries every day separately after choosing the 7 time intervals.</span></p>
   
         <p> <img width=151 height=150
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image144.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1074"> <img width=151 height=150
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image146.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1075"> <img width=149 height=150
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image148.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1076"> </p>
   
         <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b># 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same 
   
                 acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>31 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>30 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses 
   
                 is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling. 
   
               </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>8 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>53 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is 
   
                 equals the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>44 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>17 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the 
   
                 two masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>32 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>29 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates 
   
                 upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>20 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>41 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates 
   
                 downward </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>42 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>19 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>
   
             <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Thu Jan 24 00:46:22 2002] 
   
                 To: [Mon Jan 28 00:30:53 2002]</b></p></td>
   
             <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>177</p></td>
   
             <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>189</p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
         </table>
   
         <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b># 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same 
   
                 acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>692 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>257 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses 
   
                 is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling. 
   
               </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>321 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>628 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is 
   
                 equals the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>690 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>259 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the 
   
                 two masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>590 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>359 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates 
   
                 upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>399 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>550 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates 
   
                 downward </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>703 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>246 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>
   
             <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Mon Jan 28 00:30:54 2002] 
   
                 To: [Fri Feb 1 00:15:25 2002]</b></p></td>
   
             <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>3395</p></td>
   
             <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>2281</p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
         </table>
   
         <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b># 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Concept 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Correct 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
             <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Wrong 
   
                 </b></p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>1</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Two masses have same 
   
                 acceleration if the two the string does not stretch. </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>619 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>147 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>2</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Weight of the two masses 
   
                 is greater than the tension of the string attached to the ceiling. 
   
               </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>256 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>510 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>3</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>The top tension is 
   
                 equals the two bottom tensions. (massless pulley) </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>529 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>237 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>4</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Tension holding the 
   
                 two masses are equal if mass of pulley=0 </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>465 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>301 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>5</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Sub-System accelerates 
   
                 upwards or downwards accordingly </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>338 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>428 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal"> <p>6</p></td>
   
             <td width=357 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>Center of mass accelerates 
   
                 downward </p></td>
   
             <td width=38 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>609 </p></td>
   
             <td width=35 bgcolor="white" class="Normal"> <p>157 </p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
           <tr> 
   
             <td width=10 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>
   
             <td width=357 class="Normal"> <p><b>From:[Fri Feb 1 00:15:26 2002] To: 
   
                 [Mon Feb 4 23:59:59 2002]</b></p></td>
   
             <td width=38 class="Normal"> <p>2816</p></td>
   
             <td width=35 class="Normal"> <p>1775</p></td>
   
           </tr>
   
         </table>
   
         <p><b>Fig. 3.2. 10</b><span style='font-weight:normal'>: Table of student 
   
           tries for Atwood Machine Problem according to every concept in 3 times 
   
           interval.</span></p>
   
         <h3><a name="_Toc421867142">Student Assessment</a></h3>
   
         <p class=MsoBodyText2><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>This option provides 
   
           some reports about the current educational situation of every student 
   
           as you see in <b>Fig. 3.2.11</b></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>.&nbsp; 
   
           A ÔYÕ show that the student has solved the problem and ÔNÕ shows his/her 
   
           failure.&nbsp; A Ô-Ô denotes a unattempted problem. The numbers in the 
   
           right column show the total number of tries of the student in solving 
   
           the corresponding problems.</span></p>
   
         <form>
   
           <div style='border:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 4.0pt'> 
   
             <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'>Total number of students : 263<br>
   
               <br>
   
               <img width=68 height=23
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image151.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1077"> <br>
   
               <b>Select &nbsp; Map &nbsp; &nbsp; </b><span style='font-weight:normal'> 
   
               <img width=215 height=18
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image154.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1078"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
   
               </span><b>Select Section</b><span style='font-weight:normal'> <img width=89 height=18
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image157.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1079"> <br>
   
               </span><b>Select Student</b><span style='font-weight:normal'> <img width=89 height=18
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image160.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1080"> <br>
   
               <br>
   
               </span></p>
   
             <p style='border:none;padding:0in;'> <img width=93 height=23
   
   src="Session%20Tw2_files/image163.png" v:shapes="_x0000_i1081"> </p>
   
           </div>
   
           <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><b># 
   
                   </b></p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><b>Set 
   
                   Title </b></p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><b>Results 
   
                   </b></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><b>Tries 
   
                   </b></p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>1 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/phy183.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal">&nbsp; </td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>2 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap1/calckap1.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYYYY 
   
                   </span></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>1,1,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,7,9,3,2</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>3 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap2/calckap2.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYNYYYYNNYYYYYYYY 
   
                   </span></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>10,1,0,1,1,2,1,4,5,1,1,1,3,2,1,1,1</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>4 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap3/calckap3.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYNYYYYYYYYYY 
   
                   </span></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>4,3,5,1,1,8,2,3,20,1,1,1,1,1,2,3,2,2,3</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>5 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap4/calckap4.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>NYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY 
   
                   </span></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>20,1,1,1,3,3,2,3,4,2,3,2,1,1,2,5</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>6 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap5/calckap5.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYY-YY 
   
                   </span></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>5,2,1,9,12,1,3,12,1,2,1,,1,3</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>7 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap6/calckap6.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYYYYY 
   
                   </span></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>3,2,4,2,1,1,2,1,1,9,2,3,2,2</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>8 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap7/calckap7.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY 
   
                   </span></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>4,1,3,1,10,4,1,1,2,1,1,2,1,2,1,3,1,3</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>9 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap8/calckap8.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYYYYYY 
   
                   </span></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>4,3,1,2,3,3,4,3,3,1,1,4,1,1,7</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>10 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap9/calckap9.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYN-NYYNY 
   
                   </span></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>1,1,1,2,1,,2,2,1,6,4</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>11 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap10/calckap10.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>YYYYYYYYYYYY 
   
                   </span></p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
             <tr> 
   
               <td width=21 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>12 </p></td>
   
               <td width=177 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>msu/mmp/kap11/calckap11.sequence 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=122 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>----------------- 
   
                 </p></td>
   
               <td width=153 class="Normal"> <p style='line-height:150%'>0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0</p></td>
   
             </tr>
   
           </table>
   
           <p><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'><b>Fig. 3.2. 5</b></span><span
   
   style='layout-grid-mode:line'>: A sample of a student homework results and tries</span></p>
   
           <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>We plan to present 
   
             several other reports in this page as well. Some student classification 
   
             reports also would be depicted here.</span></p>
   
           <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>In Òproblem statsÓ 
   
             and Òstudent assessmentÓ pages, an instructor can limit the range of 
   
             his/her information to a particular section or a particular homework 
   
             set.&nbsp; So, an instructor would be able to load the statistics table 
   
             or student tries in Òstudent assessmentÓ table to a particular map or 
   
             section. </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>After changing the map 
   
             or section, he/she would be able to see the results via the recalculating 
   
             the computation on that page. </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
   
   font-family:Arial;layout-grid-mode:line'></span></p>
   
           <h3><a name="_Toc421867143"><span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>Future 
   
             work, using activity.log to classify the students</span></a></h3>
   
           <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>The problem is whether we can find the 
   
             good features for <i>classifying</i></span><span style='font-size:
   
   11.0pt'> students? If so, we would be able to identify a <i>predictor</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> for any individual student after doing a couple of homework 
   
             sets. With this information, we would be able to <i>help</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> a student use the resources better.&nbsp; <span style='layout-grid-mode:line'>As 
   
             the first step of data mining stuff w</span>e want to make an initial 
   
             effort to classify the students. </span></p>
   
           <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Preprocessing and finding the useful 
   
             student data and segmenting may be a difficult task. Internally, one 
   
             part of this data is stored in a student directory:</span></p>
   
           <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>&nbsp;</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/</span><span
   
   style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>home/httpd/lonUsers/<i>domain</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/<i>1st.char</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/<i>2nd.char</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/<i>3rd.char</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/<i>username</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>/</span></p>
   
           <p class=MsoHeader><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>For example: /home/httpd/lonUsers/msu/m/i/n/minaeibi/</span></p>
   
           <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line'>Since spring semester 
   
             2002, LON-CAPA has logged every activity of every student who has used</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> 
   
             online educational resources and their recorded paths through the web. 
   
             So another part of data is stored in Òactivity.logÓ which is located 
   
             in course directory.</span></p>
   
           <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>The student data restored from .db files 
   
             in student directory and is fetched into a hash table. The special hash 
   
             keys Ò<i>keysÓ</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>, Ò<i>versionÓ</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> and Ò<i>timestampÓ</i></span><span style='font-size:
   
   11.0pt'> were evaluated from the hash. The <i>version</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> will be equal to the total number of versions of the 
   
             data that have been stored. The <i>timestamp</i></span><span style='font-size:
   
   11.0pt'> attribute is the UNIX time the data was stored. <i>keys</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> is available in every historical section to list which 
   
             keys were added or changed at a specific historical revision of a hash. 
   
             We extract the features from a structured homework data, which is stored 
   
             as particular URLÕs. For example the result of solving homeworkÕs problem 
   
             by students could be extracted from </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
   
   font-family:"Courier New"'><i>resource.partid.solved</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>, </span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'>the total number of the students for solving the problem 
   
             could be extracted from </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
   
   "Courier New"'><i>resource.partid.tries</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
   
   font-family:"Courier New"'>,</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> and so forth.</span></p>
   
           <p><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>All data stored in activity.log includes 
   
             <i>user name</i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>, <i>time</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> and <i>resource URL</i></span><span style='font-size:
   
   11.0pt'>. We can divide these data into six types of URLs, listed below, according 
   
             to their importance for data mining: </span></p>
   
           <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>1. <b><u>problems:</u></b></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> are the most useful data. i.e.<b><u> </u></b></span><span
   
   style='font-size:7.0pt'><b><u>msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___33___msu/mmp/kap14/problems/cd418a.problem</u></b></span> 
   
             <br>
   
             <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>2. <b>html pages</b></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> to those are some links in the problems. i.e. </span><span
   
   style='font-size:7.0pt'><b>msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___5___msu/mmp/kap14/cd396.htm</b></span> 
   
             <br>
   
             <span style='font-size:11.0pt'>3. <i>the images</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'>, which are loaded in above html pages. i.e. <i>/res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/backsoun.gif</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> .</span></p>
   
           <p style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>4. <u>loncapa 
   
             routines</u>: i.e. <u>/adm/navmaps,</u>&nbsp; or&nbsp; <u>/adm/roles,</u> 
   
             or&nbsp; <u>/adm/logout</u>.<br>
   
             5. <i><u>Posted data</u></i></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> by 
   
             students: i.e. <i><u>resource.0.11.submission=27.11</u></i></span><span style='font-size:
   
   11.0pt'> <br>
   
             6. remote control gif files: i.e.: /res/adm/pages/v.gif </span></p>
   
           <p>So, activity.log usually grows fast, when students have more access 
   
             to the educational resources. We have brought a sample of different 
   
             types of data which are logged in activity.log after a preprocessing 
   
             phase as follows:&nbsp; </p>
   
           <p><u>144) 1010955846: studentX --&gt; /adm/navmaps</u> <br>
   
             <i>145) 1010955205: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/beta_eqn.gif</i><span
   
   style='font-style:normal'> <br>
   
             <u>146) 1010955685: studentX --&gt; /adm/navmaps</u> <br>
   
             <u>147) 1010955988: studentX --&gt; /adm/navmaps</u> <br>
   
             </span><span style='font-size:8.0pt'><b>148) 1010955998: studentX --&gt; 
   
             msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___5___msu/mmp/kap14/cd396.htm</b></span> 
   
             <br>
   
             <i>149) 1010955999: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/velocity_eqn3.gif</i> 
   
             <br>
   
             <i>150) 1010956000: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/time_eqn.gif</i><span style='font-style:normal'> 
   
             <br>
   
             151) 1010954609: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/grds.gif <br>
   
             </span><i>152) 1010954611: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/wordproc.gif</i><span
   
   style='font-style:normal'> <br>
   
             153) 1010954626: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/i.gif <br>
   
             </span><span style='font-size:8.0pt'><b>154) 1010955717: studentX --&gt; 
   
             msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___1___msu/mmp/kap14/cd392.htm</b></span> 
   
             <br>
   
             <i>155) 1010955717: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/backsoun.gif</i> 
   
             <br>
   
             <span style='font-size:8.0pt'><b>156) 1010955920: studentX --&gt; msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___3___msu/mmp/kap14/cd394.htm</b></span> 
   
             <br>
   
             <i>157) 1010955921: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/gifs/demo.gif</i><span
   
   style='font-style:normal'> <br>
   
             158) 1010956113: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/v.gif <br>
   
             159) 1010954629: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/eval.gif <br>
   
             160) 1010954631: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/back.gif <br>
   
             161) 1010954632: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/b.gif <br>
   
             162) 1010954633: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/r.gif <br>
   
             </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b>163) 1010955754:</b></span><b> 
   
             studentX --&gt; msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___2___msu/mmp/kap14/cd393.htm</b><span
   
   style='font-weight:normal'> <br>
   
             <i>164) 1010955756: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/asound.jpg</i></span> 
   
             <br>
   
             <i>165) 1010955762: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/sensor.jpg</i> 
   
             <br>
   
             <i>166) 1010955999: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/gifs2/example.gif</i><span
   
   style='font-style:normal'> <br>
   
             173) 1010955687: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/u.gif <br>
   
             174) 1010955688: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/s.gif <br>
   
             175) 1010955688: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/e.gif <br>
   
             </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b>176) 1010956528:</b></span><b> 
   
             studentX</b><span
   
   style='font-size:9.0pt'><b> --&gt; msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___33___msu/mmp/kap14/problems/cd418a.problem</b></span> 
   
             <br>
   
             <i><u>177) Sent data</u></i> <br>
   
             <span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b><u>178) 1010956536: </u></b></span><b><u>studentX</u></b><span
   
   style='font-size:9.0pt'><u><b> --&gt;</b></u></span><b><u> </u></b><span
   
   style='font-size:9.0pt'><u><b>msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___33___msu/mmp/kap14/problems/cd418a.problem</b></u></span> 
   
             <br>
   
             <i><u>179) Sent data HWVAL11=27.11</u></i> <br>
   
             <span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b><u>180) 1010956536:</u></b></span><b><u> 
   
             studentX</u></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><u><b> --&gt;</b></u></span><b><u> 
   
             </u></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><u><b>msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___33___msu/mmp/kap14/problems/cd418a.problem</b></u></span> 
   
             <br>
   
             <i><u>181) Sent data resource.0.11.submission=27.11</u></i> <br>
   
             <span style='font-size:9.0pt'><b><u>182) 1010956702: studentX --&gt; 
   
             msu/mmp/kap14/kap14.sequence___33___msu/mmp/kap14/problems/cd418a.problem</u></b></span> 
   
             <br>
   
             <span style='font-size:11.0pt'><i><u>183) Sent data</u></i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> <br>
   
             <i>184) 1010955921: studentX --&gt; /res/msu/mmp/kap14/picts/areal.gif</i></span><span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt'> <br>
   
             185) 1010955731: studentX --&gt; /res/adm/pages/n.gif <br>
   
             <br>
   
             </span></p>
   
           <p class=H5> <span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Symbol;font-weight:normal'>á<span
   
   style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> 
   
             <span
   
   style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Feature Extraction</span></p>
   
           <p class=MsoBodyText2>From these two types of student data which are stored 
   
             by the LON-CAPA system, the features may be considered for classifying 
   
             the students, are as follows: </p>
   
           <p> 1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   
             </span> Total number of correct answers. </p>
   
           <p> 2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   
             </span> Total number of tries for doing homework. </p>
   
           <p> 3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   
             </span> Time at which the student got the problem correct. Usually better 
   
             students get the homework completed earlier.</p>
   
           <p> 4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   
             </span> Reading the material before attempting homework vs. attempting 
   
             first and then read up on it.</p>
   
           <p> 5.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   
             </span> Submitting a lot of attempts in a short amount of time without 
   
             looking up material in between, vs. those giving it one try, reading 
   
             up, submitting another one, etc.</p>
   
           <p> 6.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   
             </span> Getting the problem right on the first try, vs. those with high 
   
             number of tries.</p>
   
           <p> 7.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   
             </span> Giving up on a problem versus students continuing trying up 
   
             to the deadline.</p>
   
           <p> 8.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
   
             </span> Participating in the communication mechanisms, vs. those working 
   
             alone.</p>
   
           <p><br>
   
             It might be interesting to group students with time of the first log 
   
             on (beginning of assignment, middle of the week, last minute) and correlate 
   
             this with the number of tries or number of solved problems. A student 
   
             who gets all correct answers will not necessarily be in the successful 
   
             group if they took an average of 5 tries per problem, but it should 
   
             be verified from this research. </p>
   
           <p>We hope to find similar patterns of use in the data gathered from LON-CAPA, 
   
             and eventually be able to make predictions as to the most-beneficial 
   
             course of studies for each learner based on a limited number of variables 
   
             for each individual student. Based on the current state of the learner 
   
             in a learning sequence, the system could then make suggestions to the 
   
             learner as to how to proceed. </p>
   
         </form>
   
         <br
   
   clear=ALL style='page-break-before:always;'>
   
         <div class=Section2> </div></div>
   
         <br clear=all>
   
         <hr align=left size=1 width="33%">
   
         <div id=ftn1> 
   
           <p class=MsoFootnoteText><a href="#_ftnref1"
   
   name="_ftn1" title=""><span class=MsoFootnoteReference> [1] </span></a> If instructor 
   
             is going to port the statistics table data to Excel, he/she can select 
   
             the checkbox ÒOutput CSV formatÓ at top of the statistics table.</p>
   
         </div>
   
         <div id=ftn2> 
   
           <p class=MsoFootnoteText><a href="#_ftnref2"
   
   name="_ftn2" title=""><span class=MsoFootnoteReference> [2] </span></a>&nbsp; 
   
             This name has been got from administration office of Michigan State 
   
             University for evaluating the examsÕ problem. Here we expanded this 
   
             expression to homework problems as well.</p>
   
         </div></span></span></span></span></span>
   
         
   
   </body>
   
   </html>
   
Removed from v.1.1  
changed lines
  Added in v.1.2

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